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纪昀《阅微草堂笔记》卷九 如是我闻三 在线阅读

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玛(ma)纳斯有遣犯(fan)之(zhi)妇(fu),入山(shan)采樵,突为玛(ma)哈沁所执--玛(ma)哈沁者,额鲁特(te)之(zhi)流民,无君长(zhang),无部(bu)族,或数(shu)十人(ren)(ren)(ren)为队,或数(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)为队,出没深山(shan)中,遇(yu)禽(qin)食(shi)禽(qin),遇(yu)兽(shou)食(shi)兽(shou),遇(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)即食(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)--妇(fu)为所得,已褫衣(yi)缚树上,炽(chi)火(huo)于旁,甫割(ge)(ge)左股一脔(luan),忽闻火(huo)器一震(zhen),人(ren)(ren)(ren)语喧阗(tian),马(ma)(ma)蹄声殷动林谷,以(yi)为官军掩至(zhi),弃而(er)遁。盖营(ying)卒(zu)牧马(ma)(ma),偶以(yi)鸟枪击稚子,误中马(ma)(ma)尾,一马(ma)(ma)跳掷,群马(ma)(ma)皆(jie)惊(jing),相随逸入万山(shan)中,共噪而(er)追之(zhi)也(ye)。使少迟须臾(yu),则此妇(fu)血肉狼(lang)藉矣。岂非若(ruo)或使之(zhi)哉。妇(fu)自此遂持(chi)长(zhang)斋,尝谓(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)曰:吾非眓佛求福也(ye)。天(tian)下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)痛苦(ku)无过(guo)于脔(luan)割(ge)(ge)者,天(tian)下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)恐怖(bu),亦无过(guo)于束缚以(yi)待脔(luan)割(ge)(ge)者。吾每(mei)见屠宰,辄(zhe)忆自受楚毒时,思彼众(zhong)生,其痛苦(ku)恐怖(bu)亦必如我(wo)。固不(bu)能下(xia)(xia)咽(yan)耳。此言亦可告世(shi)之(zhi)饕(tao)餐者也(ye)。

奴(nu)子刘琪,畜一牛(niu)(niu)一犬(quan)(quan),牛(niu)(niu)见(jian)犬(quan)(quan)辄触(chu),犬(quan)(quan)见(jian)牛(niu)(niu)辄噬,每斗(dou)至(zhi)(zhi)血流不(bu)止(zhi),然(ran)牛(niu)(niu)惟(wei)触(chu)此犬(quan)(quan),见(jian)他(ta)犬(quan)(quan)则(ze)否;犬(quan)(quan)亦惟(wei)噬此牛(niu)(niu),见(jian)他(ta)牛(niu)(niu)则(ze)否。后系至(zhi)(zhi)两处(chu),牛(niu)(niu)或(huo)闻犬(quan)(quan)声,犬(quan)(quan)或(huo)闻牛(niu)(niu)声,皆昂首瞑视(shi)。后先姚安公官户部,余随至(zhi)(zhi)京师,不(bu)知二(er)物究竟如(ru)何也。或(huo)曰:禽兽不(bu)能(neng)(neng)言者,皆能(neng)(neng)记前(qian)生。此牛(niu)(niu)此犬(quan)(quan),殆佛经所谓夙冤,今尚相(xiang)识欤?余谓夙冤之(zhi)说,凿然(ran)无疑,谓能(neng)(neng)记前(qian)生,则(ze)似乎未必(bi)。亲串中(zhong)有姑(gu)嫂相(xiang)恶者,嫂与诸小姑(gu)皆睦,惟(wei)此小姑(gu)则(ze)如(ru)仇(chou);小姑(gu)与诸嫂皆睦,惟(wei)此嫂则(ze)如(ru)仇(chou),是岂(qi)能(neng)(neng)记前(qian)生乎?盖怨毒(du)之(zhi)念(nian),根于(yu)性(xing)识,一朝相(xiang)遇,如(ru)相(xiang)反之(zhi)药(yao),虽(sui)枯根朽草,本(ben)自(zi)无知,其气(qi)味自(zi)能(neng)(neng)激斗(dou)耳。因(yin)果牵缠,无施不(bu)报(bao),三生一瞬,可快(kuai)意(yi)于(yu)睚(ya)眦(zi)哉。

从伯(bo)(bo)君章公(gong)言(yan)(yan),前明(ming)清县张公(gong),十(shi)世祖(zu)赞祁公(gong)之外舅也(ye),尝与邑人(ren)(ren)约,连名(ming)讼(song)(song)县吏(li),乘(cheng)马而(er)往。经(jing)祖(zu)墓前,有旋风(feng)扑马首(shou),惊(jing)而(er)堕(duo)。从者舁以归,寒热陡作,忽迷忽醒,恍惚中似(si)睹鬼(gui)物(wu),将(jiang)延巫禳解,忽起坐作其亡父语曰:尔忽祈祷(dao),扑尔马者我也(ye)。凡讼(song)(song)无益,使(shi)理(li)曲(qu)何可证,使(shi)理(li)直(zhi)公(gong)论具在,人(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)为(wei)扼腕,是(shi)(shi)即胜矣。何必讼(song)(song);且讼(song)(song)役讼(song)(song)吏(li),为(wei)患尤大,讼(song)(song)不胜,患在目前,幸而(er)胜,官有来去,此(ci)辈长子(zi)孙,必相(xiang)报复(fu),患在后日。吾(wu)是(shi)(shi)以阻尔行也(ye)。言(yan)(yan)讫,仍就(jiu)枕,汗出如(ru)雨(yu),比睡醒则霍然矣。既而(er)连名(ming)者皆败,始信(xin)非谵语也(ye)。此(ci)公(gong)闻于伯(bo)(bo)祖(zu)湛元(yuan)公(gong)者,湛元(yuan)公(gong)一生(sheng)未与人(ren)(ren)涉讼(song)(song),盖守此(ci)戒云。

世(shi)有圆(yuan)光术,张素纸于壁,焚符召神(shen),使五六岁童(tong)(tong)(tong)子(zi)(zi)视之(zhi),童(tong)(tong)(tong)子(zi)(zi)必见纸上(shang)(shang)突现(xian)大圆(yuan)镜,镜中人物历历,示未(wei)来之(zhi)事(shi),犹卦(gua)(gua)影也(ye)。但卦(gua)(gua)影隐示其(qi)象,此则(ze)明著其(qi)形耳(er)。庞斗(dou)(dou)枢能(neng)此术,某(mou)生素与斗(dou)(dou)枢狎,尝觊觎一(yi)(yi)(yi)妇(fu),密祈斗(dou)(dou)枢圆(yuan)光,观谐(xie)否。斗(dou)(dou)枢骇曰(yue)(yue):此事(shi)岂可(ke)犊鬼神(shen),固强之(zhi)。不(bu)得已(yi)勉为焚符,童(tong)(tong)(tong)子(zi)(zi)注视良(liang)久,曰(yue)(yue):见一(yi)(yi)(yi)亭子(zi)(zi),中设一(yi)(yi)(yi)榻,三娘子(zi)(zi)与一(yi)(yi)(yi)少年坐其(qi)上(shang)(shang)。三娘子(zi)(zi)者,某(mou)生之(zhi)亡(wang)妾也(ye)。方(fang)诟责童(tong)(tong)(tong)子(zi)(zi)妄(wang)语(yu),斗(dou)(dou)枢大笑曰(yue)(yue):吾亦见之(zhi),亭中尚(shang)有一(yi)(yi)(yi)匾,童(tong)(tong)(tong)子(zi)(zi)不(bu)识(shi)字耳(er)。怒问何字,曰(yue)(yue):己所(suo)不(bu)欲四(si)字也(ye)。某(mou)生默然拂衣去。或曰(yue)(yue):斗(dou)(dou)枢所(suo)焚实非符,先(xian)以饼饵(er)诱童(tong)(tong)(tong)子(zi)(zi),教(jiao)作是语(yu),是殆近之(zhi)。虽(sui)曰(yue)(yue)恶谑,要未(wei)失朋友规过之(zhi)义也(ye)。

先太夫人言,外祖(zu)家恒夜见(jian)一物(wu)(wu),舞蹈于(yu)楼前(qian),见(jian)人则(ze)(ze)窜避,月下循(xun)窗(chuang)隙窥之,衣惨(can)绿(lv)衫(shan),形(xing)蠢蠢如(ru)巨鳖,见(jian)其手(shou)足而不见(jian)其首,不知何(he)(he)怪(guai)。外叔祖(zu)紫衡(heng)公(gong)遣健仆数人,持(chi)刀(dao)杖绳索伏门外,伺(si)其出,突掩之。踉跄逃入楼梯下。秉(bing)火(huo)照视,则(ze)(ze)墙隅绿(lv)锦(jin)袱包一银船,左右有(you)四(si)轮(lun),盖(gai)外祖(zu)家全盛时(shi)儿童戏剧之物(wu)(wu)。乃悟绿(lv)衫(shan)其袱,手(shou)足其四(si)轮(lun)也(ye)。熔之得三十余金。一老(lao)媪曰:吾(wu)为婢时(shi),房中失(shi)此(ci)物(wu)(wu),同辈皆(jie)大(da)遭棰楚(chu),不知何(he)(he)人窃置此(ci)间,成此(ci)魅也(ye)。搜神(shen)记载(zai)孔子(zi)之言曰:夫六畜之物(wu)(wu),龟蛇鱼(yu)鳖草木之属,神(shen)皆(jie)能为妖怪(guai),故谓之五酉。五行之方,皆(jie)有(you)其物(wu)(wu)。酉者老(lao)也(ye),故物(wu)(wu)老(lao)则(ze)(ze)为怪(guai)矣。杀之则(ze)(ze)已(yi),夫何(he)(he)患焉。然则(ze)(ze)物(wu)(wu)久(jiu)而幻形(xing),固事理之常耳。

两世夫妇如(ru)韦(wei)皋、玉箫者,盖有(you)之(zhi)矣(yi)。景州李西崖(ya)言(yan)(yan),乙(yi)丑会(hui)试,见(jian)(jian)贵州一孝廉(lian),述其(qi)乡民(min)(min)家生一子,甫能(neng)言(yan)(yan),即(ji)云我(wo)前生某(mou)氏之(zhi)女,某(mou)氏之(zhi)妻,夫名某(mou)字某(mou),吾卒时(shi)夫年(nian)若(ruo)干(gan),今年(nian)当若(ruo)干(gan),所(suo)居之(zhi)地,距(ju)民(min)(min)家四五日程耳。此语渐闻,至十四五岁时(shi),其(qi)故夫知有(you)是说,径来寻问,相见(jian)(jian)涕泗,述前生事悉(xi)相符(fu)。是夕竟抱被同寝,其(qi)母不能(neng)禁。疑(yi)而窃听,灭烛以后,已(yi)妮(ni)(ni)妮(ni)(ni)儿女语矣(yi)。母怒,逐(zhu)其(qi)故夫去,此子愤悒不食,其(qi)故夫亦栖迟旅舍不肯(ken)行。一日防范偶疏(shu),竟相偕遁去,莫知所(suo)终(zhong)。异(yi)哉此事,古所(suo)未闻也。此谓发乎情而不止乎礼(li)矣(yi)。

东光霍从占言,一富室女(nv),五六岁时(shi)(shi),因夜出观剧,为人(ren)所(suo)掠卖。越(yue)五六年,掠卖者事败,供曾(ceng)以药迷(mi)此女(nv)。移檄(xi)来问,始得归。归时(shi)(shi)视(shi)其肌肤,鞭(bian)痕(hen),杖痕(hen),剪痕(hen),锥痕(hen),烙痕(hen),烫痕(hen),爪痕(hen),齿痕(hen),遍体(ti)如(ru)刻画,其母抱之泣数日。每(mei)言及,辄(zhe)沾襟。先是,女(nv)自言主母酷暴(bao)无(wu)人(ren)理,幼时(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)知所(suo)为,战栗待死而(er)(er)(er)已。年渐(jian)长(zhang),不(bu)(bu)胜其楚。思自裁,夜梦(meng)老人(ren)曰:尔勿(wu)短(duan)见。再烙两(liang)次(ci),鞭(bian)一百,业(ye)报满矣(yi)。果一日缚树受鞭(bian),甫及百,而(er)(er)(er)县吏持(chi)符到。盖其母御婢极残忍,凡觳觫而(er)(er)(er)侍立者,鲜不(bu)(bu)带血(xue)痕(hen),回(hui)眸一视(shi),则左右无(wu)人(ren)色。故神(shen)示报于其女(nv)也(ye),然竟(jing)不(bu)(bu)悛改。后(hou)(hou)疽发于项死。子孙今亦式微。从占又(you)云,一宦家(jia)妇遇婢女(nv)有(you)过(guo),不(bu)(bu)加鞭(bian)捶,但(dan)褫下衣使露体(ti)伏地,自云如(ru)蒲(pu)鞭(bian)之示辱也(ye)。后(hou)(hou)患颠痫,每(mei)防守稍疏(shu),辄(zhe)裸而(er)(er)(er)舞(wu)蹈云。

及(ji)孺爱先生言,其(qi)仆自(zi)邻村饮酒归,醉卧于(yu)路,醒则草(cao)露(lu)沾衣,月向午矣。欠伸(shen)之顷,见一人瑟缩(suo)立树后,呼问(wen)(wen)为谁,曰:君(jun)勿怖,身乃鬼也(ye),此间(jian)群鬼喜嬲(niao)醉人,来为君(jun)防守耳。问(wen)(wen)素昧生平(ping)(ping),何(he)以见护。曰:君(jun)忘之耶?我殁之后,有(you)(you)人为我妇造蜚语,君(jun)不(bu)(bu)平(ping)(ping)而白其(qi)诬。故九泉衔(xian)感(gan)也(ye)。言讫而灭。竟不(bu)(bu)及(ji)问(wen)(wen)其(qi)为谁。亦不(bu)(bu)自(zi)记(ji)有(you)(you)此事。盖无(wu)心(xin)一语,黄壤(rang)已闻。然则有(you)(you)意(yi)造言者,冥冥之中宁(ning)免(mian)握拳啮齿耶。

河(he)间(jian)献王墓,在献县城(cheng)东八里(li)。墓前有祠,祠前二柏树,传为汉物,未(wei)知其审,疑(yi)后人(ren)所补种(zhong)。左(zuo)右陪葬(zang)二墓,县志称左(zuo)毛(mao)苌,右贯长卿(qing)。然任邱(qiu)又有毛(mao)苌墓,亦莫(mo)能详也。或(huo)曰(yue):苌宋代追封(feng)乐寿伯,献县正古乐寿地,任邱(qiu)毛(mao)公墓,乃毛(mao)亨(heng)也,理或(huo)然欤。从舅安公五占,言康熙中,有群盗觊觎玉鱼之藏,乃种(zhong)瓜墓前,阴于团焦,中穿(chuan)地道,将近墓,探(tan)以长锥(zhui),有白气随锥(zhui)射(she)出,声若雷霆,冲(chong)诸盗皆仆,乃不敢掘。论者(zhe)谓(wei)王墓封(feng)闭二千(qian)载,地气久郁(yu),故遇隙涌出,非(fei)有神灵。余谓(wei)王功在六(liu)经,自当(dang)有鬼神呵护(hu)。穿(chuan)古冢者(zhe)多矣,何他处(chu)地气不久郁(yu)而涌乎?

鬼魅在人腹中语,余所见闻凡三。事一为云南李编修衣山,因扶乩与狐女唱和,狐女姊妹数辈,并入居其腹中,时时与语,正一真人核治弗能遣,竟颠痫终身。余在翰林目见之。一为宛平张文鹤友,官南汝光道时,与史姓幕友宿驿舍,有客投刺谒史,对语彻夜,比晓,客及仆皆不见,忽闻语出史腹中,后拜斗,祛之去。俄仍归腹中,至史死乃已。疑其夙冤也,闻金听涛少宰言之。一为平湖一尼,有鬼在腹中谈休咎,多验,檀施鳞集,鬼自云夙生负此尼钱,以此为偿。如北梦琐言所记田布事。人侧耳尼腋下,亦闻其语。疑为樟柳神也。闻沉云椒少宰言之。

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