史记 田敬仲完世家
司马迁《史记》卷四十六 田敬仲完世家第十六
陈完(wan)者(zhe)，陈厉公(gong)他之(zhi)子也(ye)①。完(wan)生，周太(tai)史(shi)过陈，陈厉公(gong)使(shi)卜完(wan)，卦得(de)《观(guan)》之(zhi)《否》②：“是为观(guan)国(guo)之(zhi)光，利用宾于(yu)王(wang)③。此(ci)其代陈有国(guo)乎？不在此(ci)而在异国(guo)乎？非此(ci)其身也(ye)，在其子孙。若(ruo)在异国(guo)，必(bi)姜姓(xing)。姜姓(xing)，四岳之(zhi)后(hou)④。物(wu)莫能两大，陈衰，此(ci)昌乎？”
厉(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)者，陈文(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)少(shao)子也(ye)，其母蔡女。文(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)卒，厉(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)兄(xiong)鲍立(li)(li)，是为(wei)桓公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。桓公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)与他异母。及(ji)桓公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)病(bing)，蔡人(ren)为(wei)他杀(sha)桓公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)鲍及(ji)太子免而立(li)(li)他，为(wei)厉(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)⑤。厉(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)既立(li)(li)，娶蔡女。蔡女淫于蔡人(ren)，数(shu)(shu)归，厉(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)亦数(shu)(shu)如蔡。桓公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)少(shao)子林怨(yuan)厉(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)杀(sha)其父与兄(xiong)，乃令蔡人(ren)诱(you)厉(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)而杀(sha)之(zhi)。林自立(li)(li)，是为(wei)庄(zhuang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。故陈完不得立(li)(li)，为(wei)陈大夫。厉(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)杀(sha)，以淫出国，故《春秋》曰(yue)“蔡人(ren)杀(sha)陈他”，罪之(zhi)也(ye)⑥。
①陈厉公他：《索隐》及请梁玉绳《史记志(zhi)疑》都认为(wei)(wei)(wei)厉公(gong)名(ming)跃(yue)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)陈(chen)桓(huan)公(gong)之(zhi)子，与(yu)《陈(chen)杞世(shi)家》中的(de)(de)利(li)公(gong)跃(yue)实为(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)人(ren)。陈(chen)他(ta)(ta)，又名(ming)五父(fu)，在位不(bu)满一(yi)年(nian)(nian)，所以没(mei)有谥(shi)号(hao)。参见《左传》桓(huan)公(gong)五年(nian)(nian)、六(liu)(liu)年(nian)(nian)、十(shi)二(er)年(nian)(nian)及(ji)庄公(gong)二(er)十(shi)二(er)年(nian)(nian)经(jing)传原(yuan)文以及(ji)杜预(yu)注(zhu)、孔颖达疏。 ②《观(guan)》之(zhi)《否(fou)（ｐǐ，匹））：《观(guan)》卦(gua)(gua)变为(wei)(wei)(wei)《否(fou)》卦(gua)(gua)。古代(dai)占卜方法(fa)中的(de)(de)一(yi)种方式(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，先(xian)求(qiu)出本卦(gua)(gua)，然后(hou)改变其(qi)(qi)中的(de)(de)一(yi)爻(yao)，即变为(wei)(wei)(wei)另(ling)一(yi)卦(gua)(gua)，称(cheng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)“变卦(gua)(gua)”，或称(cheng)“之(zhi)卦(gua)(gua)”。这(zhei)里的(de)(de)《观(guan)》卦(gua)(gua)即为(wei)(wei)(wei)卦(gua)(gua)，其(qi)(qi)卦(gua)(gua)画是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。把自下往上(shang)(shang)数第四(si)爻(yao)的(de)(de)阴爻(yao)（--）变为(wei)(wei)(wei)阳爻(yao)（一(yi)），即变为(wei)(wei)(wei)《否(fou)》卦(gua)(gua)。 ③观(guan)国之(zhi)光(guang)，利(li)用(yong)宾于(yu)王(wang)：这(zhei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)《观(guan)·六(liu)(liu)四(si)》的(de)(de)爻(yao)辞。光(guang)，风俗、风情；利(li)用(yong)，利(li)于(yu)；宾于(yu)王(wang)，做君(jun)(jun)王(wang)的(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)宾。 ④四(si)岳(yue)：相(xiang)传尧时分管(guan)四(si)方诸侯(hou)的(de)(de)官称(cheng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)四(si)岳(yue)。《齐太(tai)(tai)公(gong)世(shi)家》说，吕尚的(de)(de)先(xian)祖曾为(wei)(wei)(wei)四(si)岳(yue)，因佐禹治水有功，封于(yu)吕，赐姓姜(jiang)。 ⑤及(ji)桓(huan)公(gong)病……为(wei)(wei)(wei)厉公(gong)：据(ju)《左传·桓(huan)公(gong)五年(nian)(nian)》载，陈(chen)桓(huan)公(gong)死后(hou)，其(qi)(qi)弟陈(chen)他(ta)(ta)杀(sha)(sha)桓(huan)公(gong)太(tai)(tai)子免(mian)而代(dai)之(zhi)，不(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)蔡(cai)人(ren)杀(sha)(sha)太(tai)(tai)子免(mian)。 ⑥厉公(gong)之(zhi)杀(sha)(sha)……罪(zui)之(zhi)也：据(ju)前注(zhu)，厉公(gong)名(ming)跃(yue)，与(yu)陈(chen)他(ta)(ta)并(bing)非(fei)一(yi)人(ren)，《春秋(qiu)》所说的(de)(de)“蔡(cai)人(ren)杀(sha)(sha)陈(chen)他(ta)(ta)”，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)指责陈(chen)他(ta)(ta)杀(sha)(sha)太(tai)(tai)子免(mian)夺取君(jun)(jun)位，不(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)指责厉公(gong)跃(yue)。
陈(chen)(chen)完是(shi)陈(chen)(chen)厉公陈(chen)(chen)他（ｔｕō，托(tuo)）的(de)儿子(zi)。完初(chu)生的(de)时(shi)候，周(zhou)太(tai)史(shi)(shi)正(zheng)好路过陈(chen)(chen)国(guo)，陈(chen)(chen)厉公请他给(ji)陈(chen)(chen)完卜卦(gua)，卜得(de)的(de)卦(gua)是(shi)《观卦(gua)》变为《否（ｐǐ，匹）卦(gua)》，太(tai)史(shi)(shi)说(shuo)(shuo)：“卦(gua)辞的(de)意思是(shi)：观看国(guo)家的(de)风俗民情，利(li)于做(zuo)君(jun)王的(de)上(shang)宾。这是(shi)说(shuo)(shuo)他将取得(de)陈(chen)(chen)国(guo)君(jun)位(wei)拥有(you)国(guo)家吧？也许(xu)是(shi)不(bu)在陈(chen)(chen)国(guo)而在他国(guo)吧？或者是(shi)不(bu)应验在他人(ren)身(shen)上(shang)，而应验在他的(de)子(zi)孙(sun)身(shen)上(shang)。如果是(shi)在他国(guo)，必定是(shi)姜姓国(guo)。姜姓是(shi)帝尧时(shi)四岳的(de)后代。事(shi)物不(bu)可(ke)能(neng)是(shi)两个同(tong)时(shi)强大，陈(chen)(chen)国(guo)衰(shuai)落后，他这一(yi)支(zhi)将要(yao)昌盛起来(lai)吧！”
厉(li)(li)(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)是(shi)(shi)陈(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)文公(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)小儿子(zi)，他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)母(mu)亲是(shi)(shi)蔡国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)女(nv)(nv)子(zi)。文公(gong)(gong)去世后，厉(li)(li)(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)哥哥陈(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)鲍(bao)(bao)即(ji)位(wei)，这(zhei)(zhei)就是(shi)(shi)桓公(gong)(gong)。桓公(gong)(gong)和(he)弟(di)弟(di)陈(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)他(ta)(ta)不同(tong)母(mu)。趁桓公(gong)(gong)生病的(de)(de)(de)时候，蔡国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人替陈(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)他(ta)(ta)杀(sha)死(si)了(le)公(gong)(gong)陈(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)鲍(bao)(bao)和(he)太子(zi)陈(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)免，立(li)(li)陈(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)他(ta)(ta)为(wei)君(jun)，这(zhei)(zhei)就是(shi)(shi)厉(li)(li)(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)。厉(li)(li)(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)即(ji)位(wei)以(yi)后，娶蔡国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)女(nv)(nv)为(wei)妻(qi)。这(zhei)(zhei)个蔡女(nv)(nv)和(he)蔡国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人通(tong)奸(jian)，常(chang)常(chang)回蔡国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)去，厉(li)(li)(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)也经常(chang)去蔡国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。桓公(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)小儿子(zi)陈(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)林怨恨厉(li)(li)(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)杀(sha)死(si)了(le)他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)父兄，就让蔡国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人诱骗厉(li)(li)(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)并把他(ta)(ta)杀(sha)了(le)。陈(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)林自立(li)(li)为(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)君(jun)，这(zhei)(zhei)就是(shi)(shi)庄公(gong)(gong)。所以(yi)陈(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)完不能(neng)立(li)(li)为(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)君(jun)，只是(shi)(shi)陈(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)大(da)夫。厉(li)(li)(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)被(bei)杀(sha)，是(shi)(shi)由于为(wei)yín乱而出国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，所以(yi)《春秋(qiu)》里说“蔡人杀(sha)陈(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)他(ta)(ta)”，这(zhei)(zhei)就是(shi)(shi)指责他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)罪恶。
庄公(gong)(gong)卒(zu)，立弟(di)杵臼，是为(wei)宣公(gong)(gong)。宣公(gong)(gong)〔二〕十(shi)一年，杀其太子御寇。御寇与(yu)完(wan)相爱，恐(kong)祸及己(ji)，完(wan)故奔齐(qi)。齐(qi)桓公(gong)(gong)欲(yu)使(shi)为(wei)卿，辞曰：“羁旅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣(chen)幸(xing)得免负(fu)担①，君之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)惠也，不敢当(dang)高位。”桓公(gong)(gong)使(shi)为(wei)工正。齐(qi)懿仲欲(yu)妻(qi)完(wan)②，卜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，占曰：“是谓(wei)凤凰于(yu)(yu)蜚③，和(he)鸣锵锵④。有妫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后，将(jiang)育于(yu)(yu)姜。五(wu)世其昌，并于(yu)(yu)正卿。八世之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后，莫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)与(yu)京⑤。”卒(zu)妻(qi)完(wan)。完(wan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)奔齐(qi)，齐(qi)桓公(gong)(gong)立十(shi)四年矣(yi)。
完卒，谥为敬仲。仲生稺孟夷(yi)。敬仲之如齐，以陈字为田氏⑥。
①羁旅：寄居作客(ke)。 ②齐(qi)(qi)懿仲(zhong)：清梁玉(yu)绳《史记(ji)志(zhi)疑(yi)》认为(wei)，懿仲(zhong)是(shi)陈国(guo)大夫，不是(shi)齐(qi)(qi)人(ren)。 ③蜚：同(tong)“飞”。 ④锵锵：这里是(shi)指凤凰的鸣(ming)声(sheng)。 ⑤京(jing)：大，高。 ⑥以陈字为(wei)田(tian)氏(shi)：《索隐》说(shuo)：“陈田(tian)二字声(sheng)相(xiang)近，遂以为(wei)田(tian)氏(shi)。”《正义》说(shuo)：“敬仲(zhong)既奔齐(qi)(qi)，不欲(yu)称本国(guo)故号，故改陈字为(wei)田(tian)氏(shi)。”清梁玉(yu)绳《史记(ji)志(zhi)疑(yi)》认为(wei)，陈氏(shi)改为(wei)田(tian)氏(shi)是(shi)春秋以后的事(shi)，不是(shi)陈完奔齐(qi)(qi)之后立即改为(wei)田(tian)氏(shi)。
庄公(gong)去世后，弟(di)弟(di)杵臼即位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，这(zhei)(zhei)就是(shi)陈(chen)(chen)宣(xuan)公(gong)。宣(xuan)公(gong)二十一(yi)年（前672），杀死了(le)太(tai)子御寇。御寇和(he)(he)(he)陈(chen)(chen)完(wan)相友爱，恐怕灾祸牵连到自己，所以陈(chen)(chen)完(wan)逃(tao)奔齐国。齐桓公(gong)想(xiang)要任他(ta)为卿，他(ta)推(tui)辞(ci)说(shuo)：“我这(zhei)(zhei)个寄(ji)居(ju)在(zai)外的小(xiao)臣(chen)有幸能够免(mian)除种种负担，已经是(shi)您(nin)给我的恩惠了(le)，不敢再担当(dang)这(zhei)(zhei)么(me)高的职位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。”齐桓公(gong)让(rang)他(ta)任管理百工(gong)的工(gong)正。齐懿仲想(xiang)把(ba)女儿(er)嫁给陈(chen)(chen)完(wan)为妻(qi)，为此事进行占(zhan)卜，占(zhan)卜的结果说(shuo)：“这(zhei)(zhei)叫做凤(feng)凰(huang)飞翔(xiang)，和(he)(he)(he)谐的鸣声锵锵。有妫(gui)（ｇｕī，归(gui)）氏的后代，将(jiang)在(zai)姜(jiang)氏那(nei)里成长。五(wu)代之(zhi)后就要昌盛，和(he)(he)(he)正卿的地位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)样。八代之(zhi)后，地位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)高没人(ren)比得上。”他(ta)终于把(ba)女儿(er)嫁给陈(chen)(chen)完(wan)为妻(qi)。陈(chen)(chen)完(wan)逃(tao)到齐国的时候，齐桓公(gong)已在(zai)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十四(si)年了(le)。
陈完(wan)去(qu)世(shi)后(hou)，谥号是敬仲(zhong)。敬仲(zhong)生了稺(zhi)（ｚｈì，志）孟夷(yi)。敬仲(zhong)到齐(qi)国之后(hou)，把陈氏(shi)改为田氏(shi)。
田稺孟夷生湣(min)孟庄(zhuang)，田湣(min)孟庄(zhuang)生文子须无。田文子事齐(qi)庄(zhuang)公(gong)。
晋之大夫栾逞作乱于晋，来奔齐(qi)，齐(qi)庄公厚客之。晏婴(ying)与田文(wen)子(zi)谏，庄公弗听(ting)。
文子(zi)(zi)卒，生(sheng)桓子(zi)(zi)无(wu)宇。田桓子(zi)(zi)无(wu)宇有(you)(you)力，事(shi)齐庄(zhuang)公，甚(shen)有(you)(you)宠。
无(wu)宇卒(zu)，生武(wu)子(zi)开(kai)与釐(li)子(zi)乞。田釐(li)子(zi)乞事(shi)齐景公为大(da)夫(fu)，其收(shou)赋税于(yu)(yu)民(min)以小斗受之(zhi)，其（粟）〔禀〕予(yu)民(min)以大(da)斗①，行阴德于(yu)(yu)民(min)②，而(er)景公弗禁。由此(ci)田氏得(de)齐众心，宗族(zu)益强，民(min)思田氏。晏子(zi)数谏(jian)景公，景公弗听。已而(er)使于(yu)(yu)晋，与叔向私语曰：“齐国之(zhi)政(zheng)其卒(zu)归于(yu)(yu)田氏矣。”
晏婴(ying)卒后，范、中行氏反晋。晋攻(gong)之急，范、中行请粟于齐。田(tian)乞欲(yu)为(wei)乱，树(shu)党于诸侯，乃(nai)说景公(gong)曰：“范、中行数(shu)有德于齐，齐不(bu)可不(bu)救。”齐使(shi)田(tian)乞救之而输(shu)之粟。
①禀（ｌǐｎ，凛(lin)）：官方赐(ci)给粮食(shi)。 ②阴德：暗中(zhong)施(shi)恩。
田稺(zhi)孟夷生(sheng)了湣孟庄(zhuang)，田湣孟庄(zhuang)生(sheng)了文子须无。田文子侍(shi)奉齐(qi)庄(zhuang)公。
晋国大夫栾(luan)逞在晋国作乱，逃奔到齐国来，齐庄公给(ji)他优厚的待遇。晏(yan)婴和(he)田文(wen)子劝谏(jian)，庄公不听。
田文子(zi)去世(shi)，他生的儿子(zi)是桓子(zi)无(wu)宇(yu)。田桓子(zi)无(wu)宇(yu)有(you)力气，侍奉齐(qi)庄(zhuang)公，很受宠(chong)信。
无宇去世，他(ta)(ta)生的儿子(zi)是(shi)武子(zi)开和(he)釐（ｘī，西）子(zi)乞(qi)。釐子(zi)田乞(qi)侍奉齐(qi)景(jing)公(gong)，是(shi)大(da)(da)夫，他(ta)(ta)向百(bai)姓(xing)征收(shou)赋税时用小斗收(shou)进，赐给百(bai)姓(xing)粮食时用大(da)(da)斗，暗中向百(bai)姓(xing)施以恩(en)德，而齐(qi)景(jing)公(gong)也不(bu)加禁止。因此(ci)田氏(shi)(shi)得(de)到齐(qi)国(guo)的民心，他(ta)(ta)们家族越来(lai)越强大(da)(da)，百(bai)姓(xing)心向田氏(shi)(shi)。晏子(zi)多次向景(jing)公(gong)进谏，景(jing)公(gong)不(bu)听。不(bu)久(jiu)晏子(zi)到晋国(guo)出使，他(ta)(ta)与叔向私下(xia)里说(shuo)：“齐(qi)国(guo)的政(zheng)权最终要归到田氏(shi)(shi)的手里呀。”
晏婴(ying)去(qu)世(shi)后，范(fan)(fan)氏(shi)和中(zhong)(zhong)行(xing)氏(shi)在晋国反叛。晋国加紧追击他(ta)们(men)，范(fan)(fan)氏(shi)和中(zhong)(zhong)行(xing)氏(shi)向齐(qi)国请求借粮，田乞(qi)想作(zuo)乱，要在诸侯中(zhong)(zhong)结(jie)党，于是对齐(qi)景公说：“范(fan)(fan)氏(shi)和中(zhong)(zhong)行(xing)氏(shi)多次对齐(qi)国有恩德，齐(qi)国不(bu)(bu)能不(bu)(bu)救(jiu)他(ta)们(men)。”齐(qi)国就派田乞(qi)去(qu)救(jiu)援，并(bing)且给(ji)他(ta)们(men)送去(qu)了粮食(shi)。
景(jing)公(gong)(gong)太(tai)子(zi)死，后(hou)有宠姬曰芮(rui)子(zi)，生(sheng)子(zi)荼(tu)(tu)。景(jing)公(gong)(gong)病(bing)，命(ming)其(qi)相国(guo)惠(hui)(hui)子(zi)与(yu)高(gao)昭(zhao)(zhao)子(zi)以子(zi)荼(tu)(tu)为(wei)太(tai)子(zi)。景(jing)公(gong)(gong)卒，两相高(gao)、国(guo)立(li)荼(tu)(tu)，是为(wei)晏孺子(zi)。而田乞(qi)(qi)不(bu)说(shuo)①，欲(yu)立(li)景(jing)公(gong)(gong)他子(zi)阳生(sheng)。阳生(sheng)素与(yu)乞(qi)(qi)欢。晏孺子(zi)之立(li)也(ye)，阳生(sheng)奔(ben)(ben)鲁。田乞(qi)(qi)伪事(shi)高(gao)昭(zhao)(zhao)子(zi)、国(guo)惠(hui)(hui)子(zi)者(zhe)，每朝(chao)代参乘②，言曰：“始(shi)诸大(da)夫不(bu)欲(yu)立(li)孺子(zi)。孺子(zi)既立(li)，君相之，大(da)夫皆自危，谋作乱。”又始(shi)大(da)夫曰③：“高(gao)昭(zhao)(zhao)子(zi)可(ke)畏也(ye)，及未发生(sheng)之。”诸大(da)夫从之。田乞(qi)(qi)、鲍(bao)牧与(yu)大(da)夫以兵入(ru)公(gong)(gong)室(shi)④，攻高(gao)昭(zhao)(zhao)子(zi)。昭(zhao)(zhao)子(zi)闻之，与(yu)国(guo)惠(hui)(hui)子(zi)救公(gong)(gong)。公(gong)(gong)师败。田乞(qi)(qi)之众追国(guo)惠(hui)(hui)子(zi)，惠(hui)(hui)子(zi)奔(ben)(ben)莒，遂反杀高(gao)昭(zhao)(zhao)子(zi)。晏（孺子(zi)）〔圉(yu)〕奔(ben)(ben)鲁⑤。
①说：同“悦(yue)”。 ②参乘：此(ci)指在(zai)车(che)上右边护卫或(huo)陪侍的(de)人(ren)。 ③绐（ｄàｉ，代）：欺骗。④公(gong)室：春秋战国时诸侯的(de)家族或(huo)其政权称(cheng)为公(gong)室。这里指国君的(de)住处。 ⑤晏(yan)圉(yu)（ｙǔ，雨）奔鲁：据《左传·哀公(gong)六年》记载，奔鲁的(de)是(shi)晏(yan)婴的(de)儿子(zi)晏(yan)圉(yu)。司马迁误作(zuo)晏(yan)孺子(zi)。
齐景(jing)(jing)公(gong)的(de)太(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)死了(le)，景(jing)(jing)公(gong)有个(ge)宠姬叫芮(rui)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，芮(rui)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)生的(de)儿子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)叫荼。景(jing)(jing)公(gong)生病时，让他(ta)的(de)宰(zai)相国(guo)(guo)惠(hui)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)和(he)高(gao)(gao)昭(zhao)(zhao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)立(li)儿子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)荼为太(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。景(jing)(jing)公(gong)去世后，高(gao)(gao)、国(guo)(guo)两位(wei)宰(zai)相立(li)荼为国(guo)(guo)君(jun)，这就是晏(yan)孺子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。可是田(tian)(tian)(tian)乞不高(gao)(gao)兴，想立(li)景(jing)(jing)公(gong)的(de)另一个(ge)儿子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)阳(yang)生。阳(yang)生平时和(he)田(tian)(tian)(tian)乞关系很好。晏(yan)孺子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)即位(wei)后，阳(yang)生逃(tao)奔(ben)鲁(lu)国(guo)(guo)。田(tian)(tian)(tian)乞假装侍奉高(gao)(gao)昭(zhao)(zhao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)和(he)国(guo)(guo)惠(hui)了(le)，每(mei)次上朝都(dou)替(ti)参乘(cheng)在车上陪侍。并且说(shuo)：“起初各(ge)位(wei)大(da)夫(fu)都(dou)不想立(li)孺子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。孺子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)即位(wei)后，您两位(wei)任宰(zai)相，大(da)夫(fu)们(men)人人自危，图(tu)谋作乱。”田(tian)(tian)(tian)乞又(you)骗(pian)大(da)夫(fu)们(men)说(shuo)：“高(gao)(gao)昭(zhao)(zhao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)很可怕呀，趁他(ta)还(hai)没动手我们(men)先干(gan)吧！”大(da)夫(fu)们(men)都(dou)依(yi)从他(ta)。田(tian)(tian)(tian)乞、鲍牧和(he)大(da)夫(fu)们(men)领兵进入宫廷，攻击(ji)高(gao)(gao)昭(zhao)(zhao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。昭(zhao)(zhao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)听说(shuo)后，与(yu)国(guo)(guo)惠(hui)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)去救(jiu)国(guo)(guo)君(jun)。国(guo)(guo)君(jun)的(de)军队失败了(le)。田(tian)(tian)(tian)乞的(de)部下去追国(guo)(guo)惠(hui)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，惠(hui)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)逃(tao)到莒（ｊǔ，举），于是又(you)返回去杀高(gao)(gao)昭(zhao)(zhao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。晏(yan)婴的(de)儿子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)晏(yan)圉(yu)（ｙǔ，雨）逃(tao)奔(ben)鲁(lu)国(guo)(guo)。
田(tian)(tian)(tian)乞(qi)(qi)使(shi)人(ren)之(zhi)鲁，迎阳(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)。阳(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)齐，匿田(tian)(tian)(tian)乞(qi)(qi)家。请诸(zhu)大夫(fu)曰(yue)：“常之(zhi)母有鱼菽之(zhi)祭①，幸而来会饮(yin)。”会饮(yin)田(tian)(tian)(tian)氏。田(tian)(tian)(tian)乞(qi)(qi)盛阳(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)橐中②，置坐(zuo)中央(yang)。发橐，出阳(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)，曰(yue)：“此乃(nai)齐君矣(yi)。”大夫(fu)皆伏谒③。将(jiang)盟立(li)之(zhi)，田(tian)(tian)(tian)乞(qi)(qi)诬曰(yue)：“吾与鲍牧(mu)谋共立(li)阳(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)也。”鲍牧(mu)怒曰(yue)：“大夫(fu)忘景公(gong)之(zhi)命乎(hu)？”诸(zhu)大夫(fu)欲悔(hui)，阳(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)乃(nai)顿首(shou)曰(yue)④：“可(ke)则(ze)立(li)之(zhi)，不可(ke)则(ze)己。”鲍牧(mu)恐(kong)祸及己，乃(nai)复曰(yue)：“皆景公(gong)之(zhi)子，何为不可(ke)！”遂立(li)阳(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)田(tian)(tian)(tian)乞(qi)(qi)之(zhi)家，是为悼公(gong)。乃(nai)使(shi)人(ren)迁晏(yan)孺子于(yu)骀，而杀(sha)孺子荼(tu)。悼公(gong)既立(li)，田(tian)(tian)(tian)乞(qi)(qi)为相(xiang)，专齐政。
①常之母(mu)：田常之母(mu)，即(ji)田乞之妻。鱼菽之祭：鱼、豆之类的(de)祭品。这(zhei)里是谦(qian)称备有简便的(de)菜肴(yao)。 ②橐：口袋。 ③伏谒：谒见尊者，伏地而通(tong)姓名。 ④顿首：叩头。
田(tian)(tian)(tian)乞(qi)(qi)派人到鲁国，迎(ying)回阳(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)。阳(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)回到齐国，藏在田(tian)(tian)(tian)乞(qi)(qi)家(jia)中(zhong)。田(tian)(tian)(tian)乞(qi)(qi)邀(yao)请(qing)大(da)夫(fu)们(men)(men)说(shuo)(shuo)：“田(tian)(tian)(tian)常的母亲有(you)祭祀后留下的酒食，请(qing)各位(wei)赏光来聚会(hui)饮(yin)酒。”大(da)夫(fu)们(men)(men)都来田(tian)(tian)(tian)氏家(jia)饮(yin)酒。田(tian)(tian)(tian)乞(qi)(qi)把阳(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)装在口袋里(li)，放在中(zhong)央的座位(wei)上(shang)，饮(yin)宴(yan)中(zhong)，田(tian)(tian)(tian)乞(qi)(qi)打开口袋，放出(chu)阳(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)，他(ta)说(shuo)(shuo)：“这才是(shi)齐国的国君(jun)呀。”大(da)夫(fu)们(men)(men)都俯身拜见(jian)。即将订盟拥立阳(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)，田(tian)(tian)(tian)乞(qi)(qi)编谎话说(shuo)(shuo)：“我是(shi)与鲍(bao)牧(mu)合谋一起拥立阳(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)的。”鲍(bao)牧(mu)怒冲冲地说(shuo)(shuo)：“大(da)夫(fu)们(men)(men)忘记景公的遗(yi)命了吗？”大(da)夫(fu)们(men)(men)想反悔，阳(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)就叩头说(shuo)(shuo)：“看我可以就立我，不可以就算了。”鲍(bao)牧(mu)恐怕灾祸落到自己身上(shang)，就重新说(shuo)(shuo)：“都是(shi)景公的儿(er)子(zi)，怎么不可以呢！”终于在田(tian)(tian)(tian)乞(qi)(qi)家(jia)中(zhong)立阳(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)为(wei)国君(jun)，这就是(shi)悼公。于是(shi)派人把晏孺(ru)子(zi)迁到骀，并且杀死了孺(ru)子(zi)荼(tu)。悼公即位(wei)后，田(tian)(tian)(tian)乞(qi)(qi)任宰相，独揽齐国政权。
