聪(cong)(cong)明睿(rui)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，天也(ye)(ye)；动静思虑(lv)，人(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)。人(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)者(zhe)(zhe)，乘于(yu)天明以视，寄于(yu)天聪(cong)(cong)以听(ting)，托于(yu)天智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以思虑(lv)。故(gu)视强，则(ze)目不(bu)(bu)明；听(ting)甚，则(ze)耳(er)不(bu)(bu)聪(cong)(cong)；思虑(lv)过度，则(ze)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)识乱。目不(bu)(bu)明，则(ze)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)决黑(hei)白之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分；耳(er)不(bu)(bu)聪(cong)(cong)，则(ze)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)别清浊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)声(sheng)；智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)识乱，则(ze)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)审得失之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)。目不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)决黑(hei)白之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)色则(ze)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盲(mang)；耳(er)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)别清浊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)声(sheng)则(ze)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聋；心(xin)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)审得失之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)则(ze)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)狂。盲(mang)则(ze)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)避(bi)昼(zhou)日(ri)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)险，聋则(ze)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)知雷霆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)害，狂则(ze)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)免(mian)人(ren)(ren)间(jian)法令之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祸。书之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所谓(wei)(wei)"治人(ren)(ren)"者(zhe)(zhe)，适动静之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节，省思虑(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)费(fei)也(ye)(ye)。所谓(wei)(wei)"事(shi)天"者(zhe)(zhe)，不(bu)(bu)极(ji)聪(cong)(cong)明之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)力，不(bu)(bu)尽(jin)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)识之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)任。苟极(ji)尽(jin)，则(ze)费(fei)神多；费(fei)神多，则(ze)盲(mang)聋悖(bei)狂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祸至，是以啬(se)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。啬(se)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)，爱(ai)其精(jing)神，啬(se)其智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)识也(ye)(ye)。故(gu)曰(yue)："治人(ren)(ren)事(shi)天莫(mo)如啬(se)。"
听(ting)(ting)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)、视力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)和(he)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)是自(zi)然生成的(de)，它们的(de)动静思虑是人(ren)为(wei)(wei)的(de)，人(ren)为(wei)(wei)的(de)是指(zhi)(zhi)，要依(yi)靠(kao)自(zi)然生成的(de)视力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)去(qu)看，依(yi)靠(kao)自(zi)然生成的(de)听(ting)(ting)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)去(qu)听(ting)(ting)，依(yi)靠(kao)自(zi)然生成的(de)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)去(qu)思考。所以视力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)得(de)过(guo)度(du)，眼睛(jing)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)明；听(ting)(ting)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)得(de)过(guo)度(du)，耳(er)朵(duo)(duo)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)灵(ling)；思虑过(guo)度(du)，智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)认识(shi)功能(neng)(neng)(neng)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)混(hun)乱(luan)(luan)。眼睛(jing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)明，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)判(pan)断黑(hei)(hei)白界限；耳(er)朵(duo)(duo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)灵(ling)，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)区(qu)别(bie)清浊声音；智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)认识(shi)功能(neng)(neng)(neng)混(hun)乱(luan)(luan)，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)弄清得(de)失(shi)根(gen)据(ju)。眼睛(jing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)判(pan)断黑(hei)(hei)白颜色就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)叫(jiao)(jiao)做(zuo)盲，耳(er)朵(duo)(duo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)区(qu)别(bie)清浊声音就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)叫(jiao)(jiao)做(zuo)聋，心智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)弄清得(de)失(shi)根(gen)据(ju)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)叫(jiao)(jiao)做(zuo)狂。盲就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)躲避(bi)白天(tian)的(de)危险，聋就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)知(zhi)道雷霆的(de)危害，狂就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)免于社会法令予以惩罚的(de)灾祸。《老子》所说的(de)“治(zhi)人(ren)”，是说的(de)适应动静的(de)节(jie)(jie)(jie)律，节(jie)(jie)(jie)省(sheng)脑力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)消耗。所说的(de)“事(shi)天(tian)”，是说的(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)要用(yong)尽(jin)(jin)听(ting)(ting)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)、视力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)要用(yong)过(guo)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)认识(shi)功能(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)限度(du)。如果完全用(yong)尽(jin)(jin)，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)会过(guo)度(du)费神；过(guo)度(du)费神，盲聋狂乱(luan)(luan)的(de)祸害就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)会到来，因此要节(jie)(jie)(jie)省(sheng)。节(jie)(jie)(jie)省(sheng)是指(zhi)(zhi)爱惜精神，节(jie)(jie)(jie)省(sheng)脑力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。所以《老子》说：“治(zhi)人(ren)事(shi)天(tian)没(mei)有(you)比得(de)上节(jie)(jie)(jie)省(sheng)的(de)。”
众(zhong)人之(zhi)用(yong)神也(ye)(ye)躁(zao)，躁(zao)则(ze)(ze)(ze)多(duo)费(fei)，多(duo)费(fei)之(zhi)谓侈。圣(sheng)人之(zhi)用(yong)神也(ye)(ye)静，静则(ze)(ze)(ze)少(shao)费(fei)，少(shao)费(fei)之(zhi)谓啬。啬之(zhi)谓术也(ye)(ye)，生于(yu)(yu)道(dao)(dao)(dao)理。夫能(neng)(neng)啬也(ye)(ye)，是从于(yu)(yu)道(dao)(dao)(dao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)服于(yu)(yu)理者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)。众(zhong)人离(li)于(yu)(yu)患(huan)，陷于(yu)(yu)祸，犹未知(zhi)退，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)服从道(dao)(dao)(dao)理。圣(sheng)人虽未见祸患(huan)之(zhi)形，虚无(wu)(wu)服从于(yu)(yu)道(dao)(dao)(dao)理，以称蚤(zao)服。故(gu)(gu)(gu)曰(yue)(yue)："夫谓啬，是以蚤(zao)服。"知(zhi)治人者(zhe)(zhe)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)思(si)虑(lv)静；知(zhi)事天者(zhe)(zhe)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)孔窍虚。思(si)虑(lv)静，故(gu)(gu)(gu)德(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)去；孔窍虚，则(ze)(ze)(ze)和气日入。故(gu)(gu)(gu)曰(yue)(yue)："重(zhong)(zhong)积德(de)(de)(de)。"夫能(neng)(neng)令(ling)故(gu)(gu)(gu)德(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)去，新和气日至(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)，蚤(zao)服者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)曰(yue)(yue)："蚤(zao)服，是谓重(zhong)(zhong)积德(de)(de)(de)。"积德(de)(de)(de)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后神静，神静而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后和多(duo)，和多(duo)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后计得，计得而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后能(neng)(neng)御(yu)万物，能(neng)(neng)御(yu)万物则(ze)(ze)(ze)战易(yi)胜(sheng)敌，战易(yi)胜(sheng)敌而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)论必(bi)盖(gai)(gai)世(shi)，论必(bi)盖(gai)(gai)世(shi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)曰(yue)(yue)"无(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)克(ke)。"无(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)克(ke)本于(yu)(yu)重(zhong)(zhong)积德(de)(de)(de)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)曰(yue)(yue)"重(zhong)(zhong)积德(de)(de)(de)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)无(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)克(ke)。"战易(yi)胜(sheng)敌，则(ze)(ze)(ze)兼有(you)天下；论必(bi)盖(gai)(gai)世(shi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)民人从。进兼有(you)天下而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)退从民人，其(qi)(qi)(qi)术远，则(ze)(ze)(ze)众(zhong)人莫(mo)(mo)见其(qi)(qi)(qi)端末(mo)。莫(mo)(mo)见其(qi)(qi)(qi)端末(mo)，是以莫(mo)(mo)知(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)极(ji)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)曰(yue)(yue)："无(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)克(ke)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)莫(mo)(mo)知(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)极(ji)。"众(zhong)人(ren)用神浮(fu)躁，浮(fu)躁就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)浪费(fei)，浪费(fei)叫(jiao)做(zuo)侈。圣人(ren)用神安静(jing)，安静(jing)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)少费(fei)，少费(fei)叫(jiao)做(zuo)音。节(jie)省作为(wei)一种(zhong)方(fang)法，产生于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大小规律(lv)(lv)。能(neng)够节(jie)省，也(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是服(fu)从于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大小规律(lv)(lv)。众(zhong)人(ren)遭受灾患，陷(xian)入祸害，仍不(bu)(bu)知退，而(er)不(bu)(bu)服(fu)从大小规律(lv)(lv)。圣人(ren)虽然(ran)不(bu)(bu)曾看(kan)见(jian)祸患的(de)(de)(de)(de)苗头(tou)，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)虚静(jing)无(wu)为(wei)地服(fu)从于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大小规律(lv)(lv)，这叫(jiao)“早服(fu)”。所以(yi)《老(lao)子(zi)》说(shuo)(shuo)：“正因(yin)为(wei)圣人(ren)节(jie)省，所以(yi)能(neng)够早服(fu)。”懂得(de)“治(zhi)人(ren)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)，他的(de)(de)(de)(de)思虑安静(jing)；懂得(de)“事天(tian)(tian)(tian)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)，他的(de)(de)(de)(de)器官(guan)畅通。思虑安静(jing)，旧德就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)不(bu)(bu)会(hui)(hui)丧失；器官(guan)畅通，精(jing)(jing)气(qi)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)每天(tian)(tian)(tian)摄(she)入。所以(yi)说(shuo)(shuo)“不(bu)(bu)断(duan)积(ji)德。”能(neng)使旧德不(bu)(bu)失，新的(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)每天(tian)(tian)(tian)到来(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是“早服(fu)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)。所以(yi)《老(lao)子(zi)》说(shuo)(shuo)：“早服(fu)，指的(de)(de)(de)(de)是不(bu)(bu)断(duan)积(ji)德。”积(ji)德然(ran)后神静(jing)；神静(jing)然(ran)后精(jing)(jing)气(qi)多；精(jing)(jing)气(qi)多然(ran)后计(ji)谋得(de)当(dang)；计(ji)谋得(de)当(dang)然(ran)后能(neng)驾驭万物；能(neng)驾驭万物，打仗就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)容易(yi)胜(sheng)(sheng)敌；打仗容易(yi)胜(sheng)(sheng)敌，理(li)(li)论(lun)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)必然(ran)称(cheng)雄(xiong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)世；理(li)(li)论(lun)必然(ran)称(cheng)雄(xiong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)世，所以(yi)说(shuo)(shuo)“无(wu)往(wang)不(bu)(bu)胜(sheng)(sheng)。”无(wu)往(wang)不(bu)(bu)胜(sheng)(sheng)本于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)不(bu)(bu)断(duan)积(ji)德，所以(yi)《老(lao)子(zi)》说(shuo)(shuo)：“不(bu)(bu)断(duan)积(ji)德就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)无(wu)往(wang)不(bu)(bu)胜(sheng)(sheng)。”打仗容易(yi)战胜(sheng)(sheng)敌人(ren)，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)会(hui)(hui)拥(yong)(yong)有天(tian)(tian)(tian)下；理(li)(li)论(lun)必然(ran)称(cheng)雄(xiong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)世，民众(zhong)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)会(hui)(hui)服(fu)从。进可以(yi)拥(yong)(yong)有天(tian)(tian)(tian)下，退可以(yi)使民众(zhong)服(fu)从，这种(zhong)法术非常(chang)深远，众(zhong)人(ren)也(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)看(kan)不(bu)(bu)到它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)尾(wei)；看(kan)不(bu)(bu)到它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)尾(wei)，因(yin)此不(bu)(bu)能(neng)知道(dao)它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)究底(di)，所以(yi)《老(lao)子(zi)》说(shuo)(shuo)：“无(wu)往(wang)不(bu)(bu)胜(sheng)(sheng)，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)没有人(ren)知道(dao)他的(de)(de)(de)(de)究底(di)。”
凡有国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)而后(hou)亡之(zhi)，有身而后(hou)殃之(zhi)，不(bu)可谓能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)有其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)保(bao)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)身。夫(fu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)有其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，必能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)安其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)社稷；能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)保(bao)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)身，必能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)终其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)天年(nian)；而后(hou)可谓能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)有其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)保(bao)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)身矣。夫(fu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)有其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、保(bao)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)身者(zhe)，必且(qie)体道。体道，则(ze)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)智深；其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)智深，则(ze)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)会(hui)远；其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)会(hui)远，众人莫(mo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)见其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所极(ji)。唯夫(fu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)令人不(bu)见其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)事极(ji)，不(bu)见其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)事极(ji)者(zhe)为保(bao)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)身、有其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。故曰(yue)："莫(mo)知其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)极(ji)。莫(mo)知其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)极(ji)，则(ze)可以有国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。"
凡拥(yong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)国家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)然(ran)(ran)后却丢掉(diao)了(le)的(de)，拥(yong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)身(shen)体然(ran)(ran)后却伤害了(le)的(de)，不好说(shuo)是(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)够(gou)拥(yong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)国家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)、能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)够(gou)保全(quan)身(shen)体。能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)够(gou)拥(yong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)国家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)的(de)人，一定(ding)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)够(gou)安(an)定(ding)国家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)；能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)够(gou)保全(quan)身(shen)体的(de)人，一定(ding)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)够(gou)享尽天年；然(ran)(ran)后才(cai)好说(shuo)是(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)拥(yong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)国家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)、能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)保全(quan)身(shen)体了(le)。能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)拥(yong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)国家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)、保全(quan)身(shen)体的(de)人，一定(ding)会按(an)照根本(ben)规(gui)律(lv)行(xing)(xing)动。按(an)照根本(ben)规(gui)律(lv)行(xing)(xing)动，他(ta)(ta)的(de)智(zhi)慧就一定(ding)很深(shen)；智(zhi)慧很深(shen)了(le)，他(ta)(ta)的(de)计(ji)(ji)谋就一定(ding)很高超；计(ji)(ji)谋很高超，一般(ban)人没(mei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)谁能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)看到(dao)他(ta)(ta)的(de)究(jiu)底(di)。只有(you)(you)(you)(you)那(nei)种能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)让人看不到(dao)究(jiu)底(di)的(de)人，也才(cai)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)保全(quan)身(shen)体、拥(yong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)国家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)。所以《老子》说(shuo)：“没(mei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)人知(zhi)道他(ta)(ta)的(de)究(jiu)底(di)。”“没(mei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)人知(zhi)道他(ta)(ta)的(de)究(jiu)底(di)，就可以拥(yong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)国家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)了(le)。”
所(suo)(suo)谓(wei)"有国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)母(mu)(mu)"：母(mu)(mu)者(zhe)(zhe)，道也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；道也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)者(zhe)(zhe)，生(sheng)于(yu)(yu)所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)有国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)术(shu)；所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)有国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)术(shu)，故(gu)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)"有国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)母(mu)(mu)。"夫道以(yi)(yi)(yi)与世周旋者(zhe)(zhe)，其(qi)建(jian)生(sheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)长(zhang)(zhang)，持(chi)禄(lu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)久(jiu)。故(gu)曰："有国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)母(mu)(mu)，可以(yi)(yi)(yi)长(zhang)(zhang)久(jiu)。"树(shu)木(mu)(mu)有曼(man)根(gen)，有直根(gen)。直根(gen)者(zhe)(zhe)，书之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)谓(wei)"柢(di)"也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。柢(di)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)者(zhe)(zhe)，木(mu)(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)建(jian)生(sheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；曼(man)根(gen)者(zhe)(zhe)，木(mu)(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)持(chi)生(sheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。德也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)者(zhe)(zhe)，人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)建(jian)生(sheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；禄(lu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)者(zhe)(zhe)，人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)持(chi)生(sheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。今建(jian)于(yu)(yu)理者(zhe)(zhe)，其(qi)持(chi)禄(lu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)久(jiu)，故(gu)曰："深(shen)其(qi)根(gen)。"体(ti)其(qi)道者(zhe)(zhe)，其(qi)生(sheng)日(ri)长(zhang)(zhang)，故(gu)曰："固其(qi)柢(di)。"柢(di)固，则(ze)生(sheng)长(zhang)(zhang)；根(gen)深(shen)，则(ze)视久(jiu)，故(gu)曰："深(shen)其(qi)根(gen)，固其(qi)柢(di)，长(zhang)(zhang)生(sheng)久(jiu)视之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。"
所(suo)(suo)(suo)谓“有(you)(you)国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)母(mu)(mu)”。母(mu)(mu)，就(jiu)(jiu)是道；道产生(sheng)(sheng)于来保(bao)(bao)有(you)(you)国(guo)家的方法(fa)；因为是保(bao)(bao)有(you)(you)国(guo)家的方法(fa)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)叫(jiao)做“有(you)(you)国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)母(mu)(mu)”，即(ji)“保(bao)(bao)有(you)(you)国(guo)家的根(gen)(gen)(gen)本”。用道来对(dui)待世事(shi)的，他(ta)的生(sheng)(sheng)命就(jiu)(jiu)会长(zhang)久(jiu)(jiu)，保(bao)(bao)持禄(lu)位(wei)就(jiu)(jiu)能久(jiu)(jiu)远(yuan)。所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)《老子(zi)(zi)》说(shuo)：“有(you)(you)国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)母(mu)(mu)，可(ke)以(yi)长(zhang)久(jiu)(jiu)。”树(shu)木有(you)(you)蔓(man)(man)根(gen)(gen)(gen)，有(you)(you)主(zhu)根(gen)(gen)(gen)。主(zhu)根(gen)(gen)(gen)就(jiu)(jiu)是《老子(zi)(zi)》所(suo)(suo)(suo)说(shuo)的“抵”。抵是树(shu)木赖以(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)长(zhang)的建立者(zhe)，蔓(man)(man)根(gen)(gen)(gen)是树(shu)木赖以(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)长(zhang)的保(bao)(bao)持者(zhe)。德是人类赖以(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)的建立者(zhe)，禄(lu)是人类赖以(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)的保(bao)(bao)持者(zhe)。假(jia)如能立于事(shi)理，那么他(ta)持禄(lu)也就(jiu)(jiu)长(zhang)久(jiu)(jiu)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)说(shuo)“加深它(ta)(ta)的蔓(man)(man)根(gen)(gen)(gen)”。能按照根(gen)(gen)(gen)本规律办事(shi)，他(ta)的生(sheng)(sheng)命也就(jiu)(jiu)长(zhang)久(jiu)(jiu)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)说(shuo)“巩固它(ta)(ta)的主(zhu)根(gen)(gen)(gen)”。主(zhu)根(gen)(gen)(gen)巩固了(le)“，生(sheng)(sheng)命就(jiu)(jiu)长(zhang)久(jiu)(jiu)；蔓(man)(man)根(gen)(gen)(gen)加深了(le)，生(sheng)(sheng)活就(jiu)(jiu)长(zhang)久(jiu)(jiu)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)《老子(zi)(zi)》说(shuo)：“加深它(ta)(ta)的蔓(man)(man)根(gen)(gen)(gen)，巩固它(ta)(ta)的主(zhu)根(gen)(gen)(gen)，是长(zhang)生(sheng)(sheng)久(jiu)(jiu)存(cun)的道理。”
工人(ren)数(shu)(shu)变(bian)(bian)业(ye)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)失其(qi)(qi)(qi)功，作(zuo)者(zhe)数(shu)(shu)摇徙则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)亡(wang)其(qi)(qi)(qi)功。一人(ren)之(zhi)作(zuo)，日(ri)亡(wang)半日(ri)，十日(ri)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)亡(wang)五(wu)人(ren)之(zhi)功矣(yi)；万(wan)人(ren)之(zhi)作(zuo)，日(ri)亡(wang)半日(ri)，十日(ri)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)亡(wang)五(wu)万(wan)人(ren)之(zhi)功矣(yi)。然则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)数(shu)(shu)变(bian)(bian)业(ye)者(zhe)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)弥众，其(qi)(qi)(qi)亏弥大(da)矣(yi)。凡(fan)法令更则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)利(li)害易(yi)，利(li)害易(yi)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)民务变(bian)(bian)，民务变(bian)(bian)谓之(zhi)变(bian)(bian)业(ye)。故以理观(guan)之(zhi)，事大(da)众而数(shu)(shu)摇之(zhi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)少成(cheng)功；藏大(da)器而数(shu)(shu)徙之(zhi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)多败伤；烹(peng)小鲜而数(shu)(shu)挠之(zhi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)贼其(qi)(qi)(qi)宰；治大(da)国而数(shu)(shu)变(bian)(bian)法，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)民苦之(zhi)。是(shi)以有道(dao)之(zhi)君(jun)贵静，不(bu)重变(bian)(bian)法。故曰："治大(da)国者(zhe)若烹(peng)小鲜。"
工人(ren)(ren)(ren)屡(lv)(lv)屡(lv)(lv)变(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)换职业就(jiu)(jiu)丢(diu)(diu)(diu)失(shi)(shi)功(gong)效(xiao)，劳(lao)作(zuo)者屡(lv)(lv)屡(lv)(lv)变(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)动(dong)就(jiu)(jiu)丢(diu)(diu)(diu)失(shi)(shi)功(gong)效(xiao)。一(yi)(yi)个人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)劳(lao)作(zuo)，一(yi)(yi)天丢(diu)(diu)(diu)失(shi)(shi)半天，十天就(jiu)(jiu)丢(diu)(diu)(diu)失(shi)(shi)五(wu)个人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)效(xiao)了(le)；一(yi)(yi)万人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)劳(lao)作(zuo)，一(yi)(yi)天丢(diu)(diu)(diu)失(shi)(shi)半天，十天就(jiu)(jiu)丢(diu)(diu)(diu)失(shi)(shi)五(wu)万人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)效(xiao)了(le)。既然如(ru)此(ci)，那么屡(lv)(lv)屡(lv)(lv)变(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)换作(zuo)业的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)数越(yue)多，损(sun)失(shi)(shi)就(jiu)(jiu)越(yue)大(da)。凡(fan)是(shi)法令变(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)更了(le)，利(li)害(hai)情况(kuang)也就(jiu)(jiu)跟着(zhe)改(gai)变(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)；利(li)害(hai)情况(kuang)改(gai)变(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)了(le)，民众从事的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)业也就(jiu)(jiu)跟着(zhe)变(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化；从事的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)业有了(le)变(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化，就(jiu)(jiu)叫做(zuo)变(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)换作(zuo)业。所以(yi)按照道理来看(kan)，役使大(da)众而屡(lv)(lv)屡(lv)(lv)让他们发生变(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)动(dong)，功(gong)效(xiao)就(jiu)(jiu)会很(hen)小；收藏(zang)贵(gui)重器(qi)物而屡(lv)(lv)屡(lv)(lv)加以(yi)挪动(dong)，损(sun)毁(hui)就(jiu)(jiu)会很(hen)大(da)；烹煮小鱼(yu)而屡(lv)(lv)屡(lv)(lv)加以(yi)翻(fan)动(dong)，就(jiu)(jiu)伤害(hai)它的(de)(de)(de)光泽(ze)；治理大(da)国而屡(lv)(lv)屡(lv)(lv)改(gai)动(dong)法令，百姓就(jiu)(jiu)会受到坑害(hai)。因此(ci)懂得治国原则(ze)的(de)(de)(de)君主把安定(ding)看(kan)得很(hen)宝贵(gui)，法令确定(ding)以(yi)后，一(yi)(yi)再轻易变(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)更。所以(yi)《老子》说：“治理大(da)国就(jiu)(jiu)像烹煮小鱼(yu)一(yi)(yi)样。”
人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)处疾则(ze)贵医(yi)，有(you)祸则(ze)畏(wei)鬼(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)。圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)上(shang)(shang)，则(ze)民少欲(yu)；民少欲(yu)，则(ze)血气(qi)治而举动理(li)(li)；举动理(li)(li)则(ze)少祸害。夫内(nei)无痤疽瘅痔之(zhi)(zhi)害，而外无刑(xing)罚法(fa)诛之(zhi)(zhi)祸者，其(qi)(qi)轻恬鬼(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)也(ye)甚。故曰(yue)(yue)："以道(dao)莅(li)天下(xia)，其(qi)(qi)鬼(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)神(shen)(shen)。"治世之(zhi)(zhi)民，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)与(yu)鬼(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)神(shen)(shen)相(xiang)(xiang)害也(ye)。故曰(yue)(yue)："非其(qi)(qi)鬼(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)神(shen)(shen)也(ye)，其(qi)(qi)神(shen)(shen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)伤(shang)(shang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)。"鬼(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)祟(sui)也(ye)疾人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)谓(wei)(wei)鬼(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)伤(shang)(shang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)逐除(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)谓(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)伤(shang)(shang)鬼(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)也(ye)。民犯法(fa)令之(zhi)(zhi)谓(wei)(wei)民伤(shang)(shang)上(shang)(shang)，上(shang)(shang)刑(xing)戮民之(zhi)(zhi)谓(wei)(wei)上(shang)(shang)伤(shang)(shang)民。民不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)犯法(fa)，则(ze)上(shang)(shang)亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)行刑(xing)；上(shang)(shang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)行刑(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)谓(wei)(wei)上(shang)(shang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)伤(shang)(shang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，故曰(yue)(yue)："圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)伤(shang)(shang)民。"上(shang)(shang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)与(yu)民相(xiang)(xiang)害，而人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)与(yu)鬼(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)相(xiang)(xiang)伤(shang)(shang)，故曰(yue)(yue)："两(liang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)相(xiang)(xiang)伤(shang)(shang)。"民不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)敢犯法(fa)，则(ze)上(shang)(shang)内(nei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)刑(xing)罚，而外不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)事利其(qi)(qi)产业。上(shang)(shang)内(nei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)刑(xing)罚，而外不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)事利其(qi)(qi)产业，则(ze)民蕃息。民蕃息而畜(chu)积(ji)盛(sheng)。民蕃息而畜(chu)积(ji)盛(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)谓(wei)(wei)有(you)德。凡所(suo)谓(wei)(wei)祟(sui)者，魂(hun)魄去(qu)而精(jing)神(shen)(shen)乱(luan)，精(jing)神(shen)(shen)乱(luan)则(ze)无德。鬼(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)祟(sui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)则(ze)魂(hun)魄不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)去(qu)，魂(hun)魄不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)去(qu)而精(jing)神(shen)(shen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)乱(luan)，精(jing)神(shen)(shen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)乱(luan)之(zhi)(zhi)谓(wei)(wei)有(you)德。上(shang)(shang)盛(sheng)畜(chu)积(ji)而鬼(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)乱(luan)其(qi)(qi)精(jing)神(shen)(shen)，则(ze)德尽在(zai)于(yu)民矣。故曰(yue)(yue)："两(liang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)相(xiang)(xiang)伤(shang)(shang)，则(ze)德交(jiao)(jiao)归焉。"言其(qi)(qi)德上(shang)(shang)下(xia)交(jiao)(jiao)盛(sheng)而俱归于(yu)民也(ye)。
人(ren)(ren)在(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)病时就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)尊(zun)重(zhong)医生(sheng)(sheng)，遇(yu)有(you)(you)祸(huo)患时就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)害(hai)(hai)怕鬼(gui)(gui)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)。圣人(ren)(ren)在(zai)上(shang)，民(min)(min)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)欲(yu)望就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)少(shao)；民(min)(min)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)欲(yu)望少(shao)，血(xue)气就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)调(diao)畅，举动就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)合理。举动合理，祸(huo)害(hai)(hai)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)少(shao)。体内没有(you)(you)痤疽瘅(dan)痔(zhi)等疾(ji)病的危害(hai)(hai)，身(shen)外没有(you)(you)刑(xing)罚(fa)诛戮(lu)的祸(huo)患，这样的人(ren)(ren)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)会(hui)把(ba)鬼(gui)(gui)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)看得很轻淡(dan)。所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)《老子》说(shuo)(shuo)：“按(an)照法(fa)(fa)则(ze)治(zhi)理天下(xia)(xia)，鬼(gui)(gui)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)也(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)灵(ling)了(le)。”安定社会(hui)里的百姓，不(bu)(bu)(bu)和鬼(gui)(gui)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)相互伤害(hai)(hai)。所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)《老子》说(shuo)(shuo)：“不(bu)(bu)(bu)是说(shuo)(shuo)鬼(gui)(gui)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)灵(ling)了(le)，是说(shuo)(shuo)即使(shi)(shi)灵(ling)也(ye)伤害(hai)(hai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)了(le)人(ren)(ren)。”鬼(gui)(gui)作怪(guai)使(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)生(sheng)(sheng)病叫(jiao)做鬼(gui)(gui)伤人(ren)(ren)，人(ren)(ren)驱逐鬼(gui)(gui)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)叫(jiao)做人(ren)(ren)伤鬼(gui)(gui)，民(min)(min)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)违犯(fan)法(fa)(fa)令叫(jiao)做民(min)(min)伤君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)主刑(xing)戮(lu)民(min)(min)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)叫(jiao)做君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)伤民(min)(min)。民(min)(min)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)犯(fan)法(fa)(fa)，则(ze)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)主不(bu)(bu)(bu)行刑(xing)；君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)主不(bu)(bu)(bu)行刑(xing)叫(jiao)做君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)伤人(ren)(ren)。所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)《老子》说(shuo)(shuo)：“圣人(ren)(ren)也(ye)不(bu)(bu)(bu)伤害(hai)(hai)民(min)(min)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。”君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)主与(yu)民(min)(min)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)相互伤害(hai)(hai)，而人(ren)(ren)们与(yu)鬼(gui)(gui)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)互相伤害(hai)(hai)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)说(shuo)(shuo)“两(liang)方面互不(bu)(bu)(bu)相伤。”民(min)(min)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)敢犯(fan)法(fa)(fa)，君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)主对内就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)刑(xing)罚(fa)；对外不(bu)(bu)(bu)从事于(yu)(yu)贪占(zhan)民(min)(min)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的财(cai)物。君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)主对内不(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)刑(xing)罚(fa)，对外不(bu)(bu)(bu)从事于(yu)(yu)贪占(zhan)民(min)(min)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的财(cai)物，民(min)(min)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)息(xi)兴(xing)旺(wang)。民(min)(min)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)息(xi)兴(xing)旺(wang)，积蓄就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)会(hui)丰(feng)富(fu)。民(min)(min)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)息(xi)兴(xing)旺(wang)，积蓄丰(feng)富(fu)，也(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)叫(jiao)做有(you)(you)德(de)(de)。凡是所(suo)(suo)(suo)谓鬼(gui)(gui)怪(guai)作祟，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是丧魂落魄(po)而精(jing)(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)错(cuo)乱(luan)。精(jing)(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)错(cuo)乱(luan)便(bian)属于(yu)(yu)无德(de)(de)。鬼(gui)(gui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)作怪(guai)则(ze)魂魄(po)不(bu)(bu)(bu)丧，魂魄(po)不(bu)(bu)(bu)丧则(ze)精(jing)(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)乱(luan)，精(jing)(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)乱(luan)便(bian)属于(yu)(yu)有(you)(you)德(de)(de)。君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)主使(shi)(shi)民(min)(min)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)蓄积丰(feng)富(fu)，鬼(gui)(gui)也(ye)不(bu)(bu)(bu)来扰乱(luan)民(min)(min)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)精(jing)(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)，那(nei)么(me)(me)德(de)(de)都在(zai)民(min)(min)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)了(le)。所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)《老子》说(shuo)(shuo)：“君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)主、鬼(gui)(gui)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)加害(hai)(hai)民(min)(min)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，那(nei)么(me)(me)德(de)(de)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)殊途同归(gui)了(le)。”即是说(shuo)(shuo)，上(shang)下(xia)(xia)两(liang)方面的德(de)(de)一齐兴(xing)盛起来而同归(gui)于(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。
