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纪昀《阅微草堂笔记》卷三 滦阳消夏录三 在线阅读

[移动版] 作者:纪昀

乌鲁木(mu)齐有道(dao)士(shi)(shi)卖(mai)药于市。或曰(yue)是(shi)有妖术。人见(jian)其夜宿(su)旅(lv)舍中,临(lin)睡必探(tan)佩(pei)囊(nang),出(chu)一小壶卢,倾出(chu)黑(hei)物二(er)丸,即(ji)有二(er)少女(nv)与(yu)同寝(qin),晓乃不(bu)(bu)(bu)见(jian)。问之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)则(ze)云(yun)无(wu)有。余(yu)忆辍耕录(lu)周月惜(xi)事(shi),曰(yue):此乃所(suo)(suo)采生魂也,是(shi)法食马肉则(ze)破。适(shi)中营有马死,遣(qian)吏密嘱旅(lv)舍主人,问适(shi)有马肉,可(ke)食否?道(dao)士(shi)(shi)掉头曰(yue):马肉岂(qi)可(ke)食。余(yu)益疑,拟(ni)料理之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),同事(shi)陈(chen)君题桥曰(yue):道(dao)士(shi)(shi)携少女(nv),公(gong)未(wei)亲见(jian);不(bu)(bu)(bu)食马肉,公(gong)亦(yi)未(wei)亲见(jian)。据无(wu)稽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)说,遽兴大狱,似(si)非所(suo)(suo)宜。塞外不(bu)(bu)(bu)当留杂(za)色人,饬(chi)所(suo)(suo)司(si)驱(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)境足矣(yi)。余(yu)乃止。后将军(jun)温 公(gong)闻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue):欲穷治者太(tai)过。倘畏刑妄供别情(qing),事(shi)关重大,又无(wu)确据,作何行止;驱(qu)出(chu)境者太(tai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)及。倘转(zhuan)徙(xi)别地,或酿事(shi)端,云(yun)曾在(zai)乌鲁木(mu)齐久住,谁职其咎。行迹可(ke)疑人,关隘例当盘诘搜(sou)检,验(yan)有实(shi)(shi)证,则(ze)当付所(suo)(suo)司(si);验(yan)无(wu)实(shi)(shi)证,则(ze)其牒递(di)回原籍,使(shi)勿(wu)惑(huo)民,不(bu)(bu)(bu)亦(yi)善乎?余(yu)二(er)人皆服公(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)论(lun)。

庄学(xue)(xue)士(shi)木(mu)癤,少随父书石先(xian)生泊舟(zhou)江 岸,夜失(shi)足落江 中(zhong)(zhong),舟(zhou)人弗知也。漂荡间闻人语(yu)(yu)曰:可救起福(fu)(fu)建(jian)学(xue)(xue)院。此有关(guan)系,勿草草。不觉已还挂本舟(zhou)舵尾上,呼救得(de)免。后(hou)果督福(fu)(fu)建(jian)学(xue)(xue)政,赴(fu)任时,举是事语(yu)(yu)余曰:吾其不返(fan)乎?余以(yi)立命(ming)之说勉之,竟卒于(yu)(yu)官。又其兄方(fang)耕少宗伯,雍正庚戌在京邸,遇地(di)震,压于(yu)(yu)小(xiao)弄中(zhong)(zhong)。适两墙对圮,相柱如(ru)人字帐(zhang)形,坐其中(zhong)(zhong)一昼夜,乃得(de)掘出。岂非死(si)生有命(ming)乎?

何励庵先生言,十三四岁时,随(sui)父罢官还京(jing)师(shi),人多舟狭,遂布席于巨箱上寝。夜分觉有一掌(zhang)扪之(zhi),其(qi)冷如冰(bing),魇良久乃醒。后(hou)夜夜皆(jie)然(ran)(ran),谓是神虚,服药亦无(wu)效,至登陆乃已(yi)。后(hou)知箱乃其(qi)仆(pu)物(wu),仆(pu)母卒于官署,厝郊(jiao)外,临行陰焚(fen)其(qi)柩,而(er)以衣包骨匿(ni)箱中(zhong)。当由人眠(mian)其(qi)上,魂(hun)不得安(an),故作是变怪(guai)也。然(ran)(ran)则旅魂(hun)随(sui)骨返,信有之(zhi)矣(yi)。

励(li)庵先生(sheng)(sheng)又云,有(you)友聂(nie)姓(xing),往西山深处上(shang)(shang)墓返,天寒日(ri)短,翳然已(yi)(yi)暮(mu),畏有(you)虎患,竭蹶(jue)力(li)行,望见破庙在山腹,急奔入。时已(yi)(yi)曛黑,闻墙隅(yu)人语(yu)曰:此非(fei)人境,檀越可(ke)速去。心(xin)(xin)知(zhi)是(shi)(shi)僧,问师(shi)何在此暗(an)坐?曰:佛(fo)家无(wu)诳语(yu),身实缢鬼(gui)(gui),在此待(dai)(dai)替。聂(nie)毛骨悚(song)栗。既(ji)而曰:与死(si)(si)于(yu)虎,无(wu)宁死(si)(si)于(yu)鬼(gui)(gui),吾(wu)(wu)与师(shi)共宿矣(yi)(yi)。鬼(gui)(gui)曰:不(bu)(bu)去亦可(ke),但幽明异路,君不(bu)(bu)胜陰气(qi)之侵,我不(bu)(bu)胜陽(yang)气(qi)之炼(lian),均刺促不(bu)(bu)安耳。各占一(yi)(yi)隅(yu),毋相近可(ke)也。聂(nie)遥(yao)问待(dai)(dai)替之故(gu),鬼(gui)(gui)曰:上(shang)(shang)帝好生(sheng)(sheng),不(bu)(bu)欲人自戕(qiang)其(qi)命。如(ru)忠(zhong)臣尽节,烈(lie)(lie)妇完贞,是(shi)(shi)虽(sui)横(heng)夭(yao),与正命无(wu)异,不(bu)(bu)必(bi)待(dai)(dai)替;其(qi)情迫势穷,更无(wu)求生(sheng)(sheng)之路者(zhe),悯(min)其(qi)事非(fei)得已(yi)(yi),亦付转(zhuan)轮。仍核计生(sheng)(sheng)平,依善恶受报,亦不(bu)(bu)必(bi)待(dai)(dai)替;倘有(you)一(yi)(yi)线可(ke)生(sheng)(sheng),或(huo)(huo)小忿不(bu)(bu)忍,或(huo)(huo)借以(yi)(yi)累人,逞(cheng)其(qi)戾(li)气(qi),率尔投缳,则大(da)拂天地(di)生(sheng)(sheng)物之心(xin)(xin),故(gu)必(bi)使(shi)待(dai)(dai)替以(yi)(yi)示罚(fa)。所(suo)以(yi)(yi)幽囚沉滞,动(dong)至(zhi)百年也。问不(bu)(bu)有(you)诱(you)人相替者(zhe)乎?鬼(gui)(gui)曰:吾(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)忍也。凡(fan)人就缢,为节义(yi)死(si)(si)者(zhe),魂自顶上(shang)(shang)升(sheng)。其(qi)死(si)(si)速;为忿嫉死(si)(si)者(zhe),魂自心(xin)(xin)不(bu)(bu)降,其(qi)死(si)(si)迟(chi)。未绝之顷,百脉倒涌,肌肤皆寸寸欲裂(lie),痛如(ru)脔(luan)割,胸膈肠胃中(zhong)如(ru)烈(lie)(lie)焰燔(fan)烧,不(bu)(bu)可(ke)忍受,如(ru)是(shi)(shi)十许刻,形神乃离。思是(shi)(shi)楚毒(du),见缢者(zhe)方(fang)阻之速返,肯相诱(you)乎?聂(nie)曰:师(shi)存(cun)是(shi)(shi)念(nian),自必(bi)生(sheng)(sheng)天。鬼(gui)(gui)曰:是(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)敢望。惟(wei)一(yi)(yi)意(yi)念(nian)佛(fo),冀忏悔耳。俄(e)天欲曙,问之不(bu)(bu)言,谛视亦无(wu)所(suo)见。后聂(nie)每上(shang)(shang)墓,必(bi)携饮食纸钱祭之,辄有(you)旋风绕左右(you)。一(yi)(yi)岁(sui),旋风不(bu)(bu)至(zhi),意(yi)其(qi)一(yi)(yi)念(nian)之善,已(yi)(yi)解脱鬼(gui)(gui)趣矣(yi)(yi)。

王(wang)半仙尝访其狐(hu)友(you),狐(hu)迎笑曰(yue):君(jun)(jun)昨夜梦(meng)(meng)至范(fan)住家,欢娱乃尔。范(fan)住者(zhe),邑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名妓也,王(wang)回忆(yi)实(shi)有是(shi)(shi)梦(meng)(meng),问何以(yi)知。曰(yue):人(ren)(ren)秉陽(yang)(yang)气(qi)(qi)(qi)以(yi)生(sheng),陽(yang)(yang)亲上,气(qi)(qi)(qi)恒发越于顶,睡(shui)则神(shen)聚于心(xin),灵光与陽(yang)(yang)气(qi)(qi)(qi)相(xiang)映,如镜取影。梦(meng)(meng)生(sheng)于心(xin),其影皆(jie)现于陽(yang)(yang)气(qi)(qi)(qi)中,往来生(sheng)灭,倏忽变形一(yi)(yi)二(er)寸(cun)小人(ren)(ren),如画(hua)图,如戏剧(ju),如虫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蠕(ru)动(dong),即(ji)不可(ke)告人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事,亦百态毕露,鬼神(shen)皆(jie)得而(er)见(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。狐(hu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)通灵者(zhe),亦得见(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),但不闻其语耳。昨偶过君(jun)(jun)家,是(shi)(shi)以(yi)见(jian)君(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梦(meng)(meng)。又曰(yue):心(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)善恶(e)亦现于陽(yang)(yang)气(qi)(qi)(qi)中。生(sheng)一(yi)(yi)善念,则气(qi)(qi)(qi)中一(yi)(yi)线如烈(lie)焰;生(sheng)一(yi)(yi)恶(e)心(xin),则气(qi)(qi)(qi)中一(yi)(yi)线如浓烟。浓烟幂(mi)首,尚(shang)有一(yi)(yi)线之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)光,是(shi)(shi)畜(chu)生(sheng)道中人(ren)(ren);并一(yi)(yi)线之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)光而(er)无之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),是(shi)(shi)泥犁狱(yu)中人(ren)(ren)矣。王(wang)问恶(e)人(ren)(ren)浓烟幂(mi)首,真梦(meng)(meng)影何由(you)复见(jian),曰(yue):人(ren)(ren)心(xin)本善,恶(e)念蔽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。睡(shui)时(shi)一(yi)(yi)念不生(sheng),则此(ci)心(xin)还其本体,陽(yang)(yang)气(qi)(qi)(qi)仍(reng)自光明(ming),即(ji)其初醒时(shi),念尚(shang)未(wei)起,光明(ming)亦尚(shang)在(zai)。念渐(jian)起则渐(jian)昏,念全起则全昏矣。君(jun)(jun)不读书,试向(xiang)秀(xiu)才问之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),孟子所(suo)谓夜气(qi)(qi)(qi),即(ji)此(ci)是(shi)(shi)也。王(wang)悚然曰(yue):鬼神(shen)鉴(jian)察,乃及于梦(meng)(meng)寐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中。

雷(lei)出于(yu)地,向于(yu)福建(jian)白鹤岭(ling)上(shang)见(jian)之(zhi)。岭(ling)高五十里(li),陰雨(yu)(yu)时(shi)俯视,浓云仅发(fa)山半。有气一(yi)缕,自云中涌出,直激而上(shang),气之(zhi)纤(xian)末,忽(hu)火(huo)光(guang)迸散,即砰然有声(sheng)。与(yu)火(huo)炮全相似(si)。至(zhi)于(yu)击物之(zhi)雷(lei),则自天(tian)而下(xia)。戊午夏,余与(yu)从兄(xiong)懋园(yuan)坦居(ju)读书(shu)(shu)崔(cui)庄(zhuang)三层楼(lou)上(shang)。开窗四(si)望,数里(li)可睹。时(shi)方雷(lei)雨(yu)(yu),遥见(jian)一(yi)人(ren)自南来,去庄(zhuang)约半里(li)许(xu),忽(hu)跪于(yu)地,倏(shu)云幂(mi)(mi)气下(xia)垂幂(mi)(mi)之(zhi)不(bu)见(jian),俄(e)雷(lei)震(zhen)一(yi)声(sheng),火(huo)光(guang)照眼(yan),如咫尺。云已敛而上(shang)矣(yi)。少顷(qing)喧(xuan)言(yan)高川李善(shan)人(ren)为雷(lei)所殛。随众往视,遍身焦(jiao)黑,乃拱手(shou)端跪,仰面望天(tian),背有朱书(shu)(shu),非(fei)篆非(fei)籀,非(fei)草非(fei)隶(li),点画缴绕,不(bu)能辨几字。其人(ren)持斋礼佛(fo),无(wu)善(shan)迹(ji),亦无(wu)恶(e)迹(ji),不(bu)知为夙业,为隐(yin)慝也。其侄(zhi)李士钦(qin)曰:是(shi)日晨起必欲赴崔(cui)庄(zhuang)。实无(wu)一(yi)事(shi),竟冒雨(yu)(yu)而来,及于(yu)此难(nan)。或曰:是(shi)日崔(cui)庄(zhuang)大集--崔(cui)庄(zhuang)市人(ren)交(jiao) 易,以一(yi)六日大集,三八日小集。殆鬼神驱以来,与(yu)众见(jian)之(zhi)。

余官(guan)兵部时,有一吏尝为狐(hu)所媚,癥瘦骨立,乞(qi)张(zhang)真人(ren)符治(zhi)之,忽闻檐际人(ren)语曰:君(jun)(jun)为吏,非(fei)理取(qu)财,当婴刑戮。我夙生(sheng)曾受君(jun)(jun)再生(sheng)恩,故(gu)以(yi)艳色蛊(gu)惑,摄君(jun)(jun)精气(qi),欲君(jun)(jun)以(yi)瘵(zhai)疾(ji)善终(zhong)。今被驱遣(qian),是(shi)君(jun)(jun)业重不可救(jiu)也。宜努力积善,尚(shang)冀(ji)万一挽回(hui)耳。自是(shi)病愈。然竟不悛改,后果以(yi)盗用印信,私收马税伏(fu)诛。堂(tang)吏有知其事(shi)者,后为余述之云。

前母(mu)张太夫(fu)人,有(you)婢曰(yue)绣(xiu)鸾,尝月(yue)(yue)夜坐堂阶,呼之(zhi)(zhi),则东(dong)西廊(lang)皆有(you)一(yi)(yi)绣(xiu)鸾趋出。形状衣(yi)服无少异(yi)。乃至右(you)襟(jin)反摺其(qi)角,左袖(xiu)半卷亦相(xiang)同。大骇几仆,再视之(zhi)(zhi),惟存其(qi)一(yi)(yi)。问之(zhi)(zhi),乃从西廊(lang)来。又问见(jian)(jian)东(dong)廊(lang)人否,云未(wei)见(jian)(jian)也。此七月(yue)(yue)间(jian)事。至十一(yi)(yi)月(yue)(yue)即谢世。殆禄(lu)已(yi)将尽,故(gu)魅敢现形欤(yu)。

沧州插花庙尼,姓董氏,遇大士诞辰,治供(gong)具(ju)将(jiang)毕(bi),忽觉微倦,倚(yi)几暂(zan)憩,恍惚(hu)梦大士语之(zhi)(zhi)曰:尔不(bu)(bu)献供(gong),我(wo)亦不(bu)(bu)忍饥;尔即(ji)献供(gong),我(wo)亦不(bu)(bu)加饱。寺门(men)外有流(liu)民四五辈(bei)乞(qi)食不(bu)(bu)得,困饿将(jiang)殆,尔辍供(gong)具(ju)以(yi)饭之(zhi)(zhi),功德胜供(gong)我(wo)十倍也。霍然惊醒,启门(men)出现,果(guo)不(bu)(bu)谬,自(zi)是每年供(gong)具(ju)献毕(bi),皆以(yi)施丐者(zhe),曰:此菩萨意也。

先太夫人言,沧州有轿夫田某,母患臌将殆,闻景和镇一医有奇药,相距百余里,昧爽狂奔去,薄暮已狂奔归,气息仅属,然是夕卫河暴涨,舟不敢渡,乃仰天大号,泪随声下。众虽哀之,而无如何。忽一舟子解缆呼曰:苟有神理,此人不溺,来来,吾渡尔。奋然鼓楫,横冲白浪而行。一弹指顷,已抵东岸。观者皆合掌诵佛号。先姚安公曰:此舟子信道之笃,过于儒者。

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