卷四(si)十(shi)(shi) 杂记上第二(er)十(shi)(shi)
陆曰:“郑云(yun):《杂记(ji)》者,以其杂记(ji)诸侯(hou)及士之丧事。”
[疏]正(zheng)义曰:按郑《目录》云:“名曰《杂(za)记》者,以其杂(za)记诸侯以下至(zhi)士之丧事。此(ci)於《别(bie)录》属《丧服》,分(fen)为上下,义与(yu)《曲礼》、《檀弓》分(fen)别(bie)不殊也。”
诸侯行而死於馆,则其复如於其国。如於道,则升其乘车之左毂,以其绥复。馆,王国所致舍。复,招魂复魄也。如於其国,主国馆宾,予使有之,得升屋招用襃衣也。如於道,道上庐宿也。升车左毂,象升屋东荣。“绥”当为“緌”,读如蕤宾之蕤,字之误也。緌,谓旌旗之旄也,去其旒而用之,异於生也。
○乘,绳证反(fan),下(xia)及注(zhu)同。毂,工(gong)木反(fan)。绥,依注(zhu)作緌,耳隹反(fan),下(xia)及注(zhu)同。复(fu)音伏(fu),下(xia)同。予,羊汝(ru)反(fan)。襃,本又(you)作褒(bao),保(bao)毛反(fan),后皆同。去,起吕反(fan),下(xia)“去輤”同。
[疏]正义曰:自此以下至“蒲席以为裳帷”,总明诸侯及大夫士在路而死,招魂复魄,并明饰馆贵贱之等。此一经下至“庙门外”,论诸侯之制,今各依文解之。
○“诸侯行而死於馆”者,谓五等诸侯朝觐天子,及自相朝会之属而死者,谓诸侯於时,或在主国,死於馆者,谓主国有司所授馆舍也。
○“则其复如於其国”者,其复,谓招魂复魄也。虽在他国所授之舍,若复魄之礼,则与在己本国同,故云“如於其国”也。
○“如於道,则升其乘车之左毂”者,如,若也。道,路也。谓若诸侯在道路死,则复魄与本国异也。“乘车”,其所自乘之车也。其复魄,则俱升其所乘车左边毂上而复魄也。此车以南面为正,则左在东也。升车左毂,象在家升屋东荣也。其五等之复,人数各如其命数。今毂上狭,则不知以几人。崔氏云:“一人而已。”
○“以其绥复”者,绥,旌旗绥也。若在国中招魂,则衣各用其上服。今在路死,则招用旌旗之绥,是在路则异於在国,故云“於道用之”,亦冀魂魄望见识之而还也。若王丧於国,而复於四郊,亦建绥而复。《周礼·夏采》云“以乘车建绥,复于四郊”是也。
○注“馆主”至“生也”。
○正义曰:“馆(guan)(guan),主(zhu)国(guo)所(suo)致舍”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),按《曾子(zi)问》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“公馆(guan)(guan)与(yu)(yu)公之(zhi)所(suo)为(wei)曰公馆(guan)(guan)”,是(shi)(shi)主(zhu)国(guo)馆(guan)(guan)宾(bin)之(zhi)舍也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“与(yu)(yu)使(shi)有(you)(you)之(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)主(zhu)国(guo)与(yu)(yu)宾(bin)此舍,使(shi)宾(bin)专自有(you)(you)之(zhi),故(gu)(gu)(gu)得(de)升(sheng)屋招魂,复用(yong)(yong)褒衣(yi)也(ye)。褒衣(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),天子(zi)褒赐之(zhi)衣(yi),即下文(wen)“复用(yong)(yong)褒衣(yi)”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“如於道,道上庐(lu)宿(su)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),按《遗人》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“凡野(ye)都之(zhi)道,十(shi)(shi)(shi)里有(you)(you)庐(lu),三十(shi)(shi)(shi)里有(you)(you)宿(su),五十(shi)(shi)(shi)里有(you)(you)市”,故(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“道上庐(lu)宿(su)也(ye)”。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“升(sheng)车(che)(che)左(zuo)毂,象(xiang)升(sheng)屋东(dong)荣”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),车(che)(che)辕向南,左(zuo)毂在东(dong),故(gu)(gu)(gu)象(xiang)东(dong)荣。不於庐(lu)宿(su)之(zhi)舍复者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),庐(lu)宿(su)供待(dai)众宾(bin),非(fei)死者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)所(suo)专有(you)(you),故(gu)(gu)(gu)复於乘(cheng)车(che)(che)左(zuo)毂。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“绥(sui)(sui)当(dang)为(wei)緌(rui),读(du)如蕤(rui)宾(bin)之(zhi)蕤(rui)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),但经中绥(sui)(sui)字丝旁著妥,其音虽,训为(wei)安。此复之(zhi)所(suo)用(yong)(yong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),是(shi)(shi)緌(rui)也(ye)。緌(rui),丝旁著委,故(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“緌(rui)当(dang)为(wei)绥(sui)(sui)”。读(du)此緌(rui)字为(wei)蕤(rui)宾(bin)之(zhi)蕤(rui)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),音与(yu)(yu)蕤(rui)宾(bin)字声同也(ye)。以经作(zuo)绥(sui)(sui),故(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“字之(zhi)误也(ye)”。“绥(sui)(sui),谓(wei)旌旗之(zhi)旄也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),按《夏采》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“乘(cheng)车(che)(che)建绥(sui)(sui),复于四郊。”乘(cheng)车(che)(che),王(wang)路(lu),当(dang)建大常(chang)。今(jin)乃(nai)建绥(sui)(sui),无(wu)大常(chang)也(ye)。《明(ming)堂(tang)位》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“有(you)(you)虞氏(shi)之(zhi)緌(rui),夏后氏(shi)之(zhi)旂。”后王(wang)文(wen)饰(shi),故(gu)(gu)(gu)知(zhi)有(you)(you)虞氏(shi)之(zhi)緌(rui)但有(you)(you)旄也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“去其旒而用(yong)(yong)之(zhi),异於生(sheng)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),诸侯建交龙之(zhi)旂,今(jin)以其绥(sui)(sui)复,是(shi)(shi)去其旒,异於生(sheng)也(ye)。
其輤有裧,缁布裳帷,素锦以为屋而行。輤,载柩将殡之车饰也。輤取名於榇与蒨,读如蒨旆之蒨。榇,棺也。蒨,染赤色者也。将葬,载柩之车饰曰柳。裧,谓鳖甲边缘。缁布裳帷,围棺者也。裳帷用缁,则輤用赤矣。輤象宫室屋,其中小帐衤亲覆棺者。若未大敛,其载尸而归,车饰皆如之。
○輤(qian),千见(jian)反(fan),注与蒨(qian)(qian)同(tong)(tong)。裧,昌占反(fan)。缁裳帷,本(ben)(ben)或作缁布裳帷。殡,必刃(ren)反(fan),本(ben)(ben)或作宾(bin),音同(tong)(tong)。榇,初靳反(fan),又楚阵反(fan)。“与蒨(qian)(qian)”绝句(ju),一本(ben)(ben)作輤(qian),读以“与”字(zi)绝句(ju),与,则音馀。蒨(qian)(qian)旆,上(shang)千见(jian)反(fan),下步(bu)贝反(fan)。缘,说绢反(fan)。
[疏]正义曰:此一经明诸侯车饰。輤,谓载柩之车。
○“有裧”者,谓輤之四旁有物裧垂,象鳖甲边缘。
○“缁布裳帷”者,輤下棺外用缁色之布,以为裳帷,以围绕棺也。
○“素锦以为屋”者,於此裳帷之中,又用素锦以为屋小帐,以覆棺而行者,於死处既设此饰而后行。
○注“輤载”至“如之”。
○正义曰(yue)(yue):“輤(qian)(qian)(qian),载(zai)柩将(jiang)殡之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)车(che)(che)(che)饰(shi)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以下经(jing)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“遂(sui)入,適(shi)(shi)所(suo)(suo)殡”,是(shi)将(jiang)殡车(che)(che)(che)饰(shi)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“輤(qian)(qian)(qian)取名(ming)於(wu)(wu)(wu)榇(chen)(chen)与蒨(qian)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),言(yan)此(ci)车(che)(che)(che)所(suo)(suo)以名(ming)輤(qian)(qian)(qian),凡有(you)二(er)义:一者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)取名(ming)於(wu)(wu)(wu)榇(chen)(chen),榇(chen)(chen),近尸(shi)也(ye);二(er)取名(ming)於(wu)(wu)(wu)蒨(qian),蒨(qian),草(cao)也(ye)。故(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“取名(ming)於(wu)(wu)(wu)榇(chen)(chen)与蒨(qian)”。云(yun)(yun)(yun):“读(du)如(ru)蒨(qian)旆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蒨(qian)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),言(yan)经(jing)中輤(qian)(qian)(qian)字读(du)如(ru)蒨(qian)旆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蒨(qian)。按《左传》定四(si)年祝鮀云(yun)(yun)(yun):封康叔以綪茷。谓以蒨(qian)草(cao)染旆为赤(chi)色(se)(se),故(gu)(gu)读(du)此(ci)蒨(qian)与彼同(tong),是(shi)亦蒨(qian)草(cao)以染布也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“榇(chen)(chen),棺(guan)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),覆说取名(ming)於(wu)(wu)(wu)榇(chen)(chen)义也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“蒨(qian),染赤(chi)色(se)(se)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),说取名(ming)於(wu)(wu)(wu)蒨(qian)草(cao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“将(jiang)葬(zang),载(zai)柩之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)车(che)(che)(che)饰(shi)曰(yue)(yue)柳”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),证此(ci)经(jing)中輤(qian)(qian)(qian)非将(jiang)葬(zang)车(che)(che)(che)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“裧,谓鳖甲(jia)边缘”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),覆说輤(qian)(qian)(qian)象(xiang)鳖甲(jia),覆於(wu)(wu)(wu)棺(guan)上,中央隆高,四(si)面渐(jian)下,裧象(xiang)边缘,垂於(wu)(wu)(wu)輤(qian)(qian)(qian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)四(si)边,与輤(qian)(qian)(qian)连(lian)体,则(ze)亦赤(chi)也(ye)。若(ruo)葬(zang)车(che)(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)饰(shi),则(ze)上用(yong)荒,不(bu)用(yong)輤(qian)(qian)(qian)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“裳(shang)帷用(yong)缁(zi),则(ze)輤(qian)(qian)(qian)用(yong)赤(chi)矣”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),前虽读(du)輤(qian)(qian)(qian)为蒨(qian)草(cao),其(qi)(qi)色(se)(se)未(wei)明。今因裳(shang)帷用(yong)缁(zi),故(gu)(gu)知(zhi)定輤(qian)(qian)(qian)为赤(chi)色(se)(se),以玄纁(xun)相对之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物,故(gu)(gu)以赤(chi)色(se)(se)对缁(zi)也(ye)。但玄纁(xun)天地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)色(se)(se),取象(xiang)不(bu)同(tong),或上或下,非一例也(ye),要(yao)玄纁(xun)是(shi)相对之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)色(se)(se)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“若(ruo)未(wei)大敛(lian),其(qi)(qi)载(zai)尸(shi)而(er)归(gui),车(che)(che)(che)饰(shi)皆如(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)经(jing)所(suo)(suo)论,谓大敛(lian)后(hou)也(ye),故(gu)(gu)下云(yun)(yun)(yun)“適(shi)(shi)所(suo)(suo)殡”。若(ruo)未(wei)大敛(lian),则(ze)《曾子问》云(yun)(yun)(yun)“尸(shi)入门,升自阼阶”,不(bu)得云(yun)(yun)(yun)“適(shi)(shi)所(suo)(suo)殡”也(ye)。知(zhi)未(wei)大敛(lian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前,车(che)(che)(che)饰(shi)亦然者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以载(zai)尸(shi)柩车(che)(che)(che)饰(shi),经(jing)唯有(you)此(ci)一文(wen),故(gu)(gu)知(zhi)其(qi)(qi)饰(shi)同(tong)也(ye)。
至於庙门,不毁墙,遂入,適所殡,唯輤为说於庙门外。庙,所殡宫。墙,裳帷也。適所殡,谓两楹之间。去輤乃入庙门,以其入自有宫室也。毁,或为彻凡柩自外来者,正棺於两楹之间,尸亦侇之於此,皆因殡焉。异者柩入自阙,升自西阶,尸入自门,升自阼阶。其殡必於两楹之间者,以其死不於室,而自外来,留之於中,不忍远也。
○说,吐夺(duo)反(fan),本亦作脱,下并(bing)注皆同。侇(yi)音(yin)夷。《隐义》云(yun):“侇(yi)之言移也。”庾(yu)依《韵集》大兮反(fan),息也。远,于万反(fan)。
[疏]正义曰:此一经明诸侯礼载柩入制也。
○“至於庙门”者,谓殡宫门也。
○“不毁墙”者,“墙”谓裳帷,但毁去上輤,不毁去墙帷。
○“遂入,適所殡”者,遂入殡宫,正柩於两楹之间,而遂殡焉。
○“唯輤为说於庙门外”者,者,言馀物不说,唯輤一物脱於殡宫门外。
○注“庙所”至“远也”。
○正(zheng)义曰:“庙,所殡宫”者(zhe),以(yi)(yi)殡之(zhi)(zhi)所在,故谓为“庙”。云(yun)“墙(qiang),裳帷(wei)也”者(zhe),郑恐是(shi)宫墙(qiang)之(zhi)(zhi)嫌,故云(yun)“墙(qiang),裳帷(wei)也”。以(yi)(yi)饰棺(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)物称墙(qiang)。门(men)(men)是(shi)入(ru)(ru)自(zi)门(men)(men)也。云(yun)“適(shi)所殡,在两(liang)楹(ying)之(zhi)(zhi)间(jian)”者(zhe),以(yi)(yi)死在外来,故殡於(wu)两(liang)楹(ying)间(jian)。云(yun)“去(qu)輤(qian)乃(nai)入(ru)(ru)庙门(men)(men),以(yi)(yi)其(qi)入(ru)(ru)自(zi)有宫室也”者(zhe),解经(jing)所以(yi)(yi)去(qu)輤(qian)乃(nai)入(ru)(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)意。輤(qian)乃(nai)覆棺(guan)上,象宫室。今入(ru)(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)有宫室,故去(qu)輤(qian)也。“不去(qu)裳帷(wei)”者(zhe),以(yi)(yi)裳帷(wei)鄣棺(guan),未可去(qu)也。云(yun)“凡(fan)柩自(zi)外来者(zhe),正(zheng)棺(guan)於(wu)两(liang)楹(ying)之(zhi)(zhi)间(jian)”者(zhe),按《公(gong)羊》定(ding)元年(nian):“癸亥,公(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)丧(sang)至自(zi)乾侯,正(zheng)棺(guan)於(wu)两(liang)楹(ying)之(zhi)(zhi)间(jian),然(ran)后即位。”郑以(yi)(yi)是(shi)推(tui)之(zhi)(zhi),则知(zhi)尸自(zi)外来者(zhe),亦停於(wu)两(liang)楹(ying)之(zhi)(zhi)间(jian),故尸亦侇(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)此,皆因(yin)殡焉。云(yun)“异(yi)者(zhe)柩入(ru)(ru)自(zi)阙,升(sheng)自(zi)西(xi)阶,尸入(ru)(ru)自(zi)门(men)(men),升(sheng)自(zi)阼(zuo)阶”者(zhe),皆《曾子(zi)问》文。云(yun)“留之(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)中(zhong),不忍远(yuan)(yuan)也”者(zhe),以(yi)(yi)周(zhou)人殡於(wu)客位,今殡於(wu)两(liang)楹(ying)之(zhi)(zhi)间(jian),是(shi)不忍远(yuan)(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)也。
大夫士死於道,则升其乘车之左毂,以其绥复。如於馆死,则其复如於家。绥亦緌也。大夫复於家以玄冕,士以爵弁服。大夫以布为輤而行,至於家而说輤,载以輲车,入自门,至於阼阶下而说车,举自阼阶,升適所殡。大夫輤言用布,白布不染也。言輤者,达名也。不言裳帷,俱用布,无所别也。至门,亦说輤乃入,言“载以輲车,入自门”,明车不易也。輲读为辁,或作槫。许氏《说文解字》曰:“有辐曰轮,无幅曰辁。”《周礼》又有蜃车,天子以载柩。蜃、辁声相近,其制同乎。辁崇綯半乘车之轮。诸侯言“不毁墙”,大夫士言“不易车”,互相明也。不易者,不易以楯也。庙中有载柩以輴之礼,此不耳。
○輲,依注作辁(quan)及(ji)槫(tuan),同(tong)(tong)(tong),市专(zhuan)反,又市转反,注及(ji)下(xia)(xia)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。别(bie),彼列反。蜃,慎忍反。近,附(fu)近之近。楯,敕伦反,下(xia)(xia)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。一本(ben)作輴(chun),同(tong)(tong)(tong)。
[疏]“大夫”至“所殡”。
○正义曰:此一经明大夫车饰也。
○“大夫以布为輤”者,以白布为輤,不以蒨草染之,亦言“輤”者,通名耳。是有輤榇近之义也。
○“载以輲车”者,大夫初死及至家,皆以輲车。今至家说輤,唯輲车在,故云“载以輲车”。
○“入自门,至於阼阶下而说车”者,谓说去其车矣。
○“举自阼阶,升適所殡”者,谓举自阼阶下,而升適两楹之间所殡之处,此云“升適阼阶”,谓尸矣,若柩则升自西阶。
○注“大夫”至“不耳”。
○正义曰(yue):云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“白布(bu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)染也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)经(jing)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)布(bu),故(gu)知白布(bu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)染。下(xia)经(jing)“士(shi)(shi)輤,苇席(xi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)屋,蒲席(xi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)裳帷”,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)为(wei)裳帷,则(ze)(ze)知大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)亦(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)裳帷,俱用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)布(bu)耳。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“言(yan)(yan)(yan)輤者,达名(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者,既不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)蒨草(cao)染之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),而(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)(yan)輤者,輤是(shi)(shi)(shi)榇(chen)近(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义,通达於下(xia),是(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)与(yu)士(shi)(shi)皆有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)榇(chen)近(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“至(zhi)门(men),亦(yi)说(shuo)輤乃入,言(yan)(yan)(yan)载(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輲(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),入自门(men),明车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者,郑(zheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)经(jing)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“至(zhi)於家(jia)而(er)(er)说(shuo)輤,载(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輲(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)”,恐至(zhi)家(jia)乃载(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輴(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“明车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易”。上(shang)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)毁(hui)墙(qiang),遂入”,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易”,此(ci)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“载(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輲(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)”,明车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“輲(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)读为(wei)辁(quan),或(huo)作槫”者,言(yan)(yan)(yan)经(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)輲(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)字,当读为(wei)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)旁(pang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)全,或(huo)《礼(li)(li)(li)记(ji)(ji)》诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)本此(ci)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)輲(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)作木(mu)旁(pang)专字者。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“许(xu)氏《说(shuo)文解字》曰(yue):有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)辐(fu)曰(yue)轮(lun)(lun),无(wu)(wu)辐(fu)曰(yue)辁(quan)”者,有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)辐(fu),谓(wei)(wei)别施(shi)木(mu)为(wei)辐(fu)。无(wu)(wu)辐(fu),谓(wei)(wei)合(he)大(da)(da)(da)木(mu)为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)施(shi)辐(fu)曰(yue)辁(quan)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“《周(zhou)礼(li)(li)(li)》又有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),天(tian)子(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)载(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)柩(jiu)(jiu)”者,按《周(zhou)礼(li)(li)(li)·遂师职》“共(gong)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)役(yi)”,是(shi)(shi)(shi)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)载(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)柩(jiu)(jiu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)辁(quan)声(sheng)相(xiang)(xiang)近(jin),其(qi)(qi)(qi)制(zhi)同(tong)乎(hu)”者,言(yan)(yan)(yan)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),与(yu)此(ci)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)辁(quan)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)声(sheng)既相(xiang)(xiang)近(jin),其(qi)(qi)(qi)制(zhi)宜(yi)同(tong),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“其(qi)(qi)(qi)制(zhi)同(tong)乎(hu)”。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“辁(quan)崇盖半乘(cheng)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)轮(lun)(lun)”者,此(ci)无(wu)(wu)文证,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)类,盖迫地而(er)(er)行,其(qi)(qi)(qi)轮(lun)(lun)宜(yi)卑,故(gu)疑半乘(cheng)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)轮(lun)(lun)。盖,疑辞矣。《周(zhou)礼(li)(li)(li)·考工记(ji)(ji)》:“乘(cheng)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)轮(lun)(lun),六(liu)(liu)尺有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)六(liu)(liu)寸。”今云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)半之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),得三(san)尺三(san)寸也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)言(yan)(yan)(yan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)毁(hui)墙(qiang),大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)士(shi)(shi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),互相(xiang)(xiang)明也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者,诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)言(yan)(yan)(yan)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)毁(hui)墙(qiang)”,则(ze)(ze)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)毁(hui)墙(qiang)。大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)士(shi)(shi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)”,明诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易者,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輴(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者,谓(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)士(shi)(shi)在路,载(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輲(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),至(zhi)家(jia)说(shuo)载(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)亦(yi)载(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輲(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),是(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輴(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若天(tian)子(zi)(zi)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)载(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)柩(jiu)(jiu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),至(zhi)门(men)亦(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),其(qi)(qi)(qi)殡(bin)时(shi),则(ze)(ze)易之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輴(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“庙中有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)载(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)柩(jiu)(jiu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輴(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li),此(ci)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)耳”者,谓(wei)(wei)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)殡(bin)时(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)輴(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun),又天(tian)子(zi)(zi)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)及(ji)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)朝庙之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi),有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)輴(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)载(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)柩(jiu)(jiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)。此(ci)丧从外来,大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)士(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)合(he)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)輴(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“此(ci)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)耳”。凡在路载(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)柩(jiu)(jiu),天(tian)子(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)至(zhi)士(shi)(shi),皆用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),与(yu)輲(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)同(tong)。故(gu)《周(zhou)礼(li)(li)(li)·遂师》“共(gong)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)役(yi)”,是(shi)(shi)(shi)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《既夕(xi)礼(li)(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“遂匠纳车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)于(yu)阶间。”注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),载(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)柩(jiu)(jiu)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),《周(zhou)礼(li)(li)(li)》谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),《杂记(ji)(ji)》谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)团(tuan)。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)士(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《杂记(ji)(ji)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)载(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輲(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)。”輲(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),则(ze)(ze)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),是(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),则(ze)(ze)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)亦(yi)可知。其(qi)(qi)(qi)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)形,郑(zheng)注《既夕(xi)礼(li)(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“其(qi)(qi)(qi)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)舆状如床,中央有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)辕,前后出设辂舆,辂舆上(shang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)四(si)周(zhou),下(xia)则(ze)(ze)前后有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)轴(zhou)(zhou),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)轮(lun)(lun)为(wei)轮(lun)(lun)。许(xu)叔重说(shuo):‘有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)辐(fu)曰(yue)轮(lun)(lun),无(wu)(wu)辐(fu)曰(yue)輲(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)。’”郑(zheng)又注《周(zhou)礼(li)(li)(li)·遂师》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“四(si)轮(lun)(lun)迫地而(er)(er)行,有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)似(si)於蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen),因取(qu)名(ming)焉(yan)。”此(ci)是(shi)(shi)(shi)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),上(shang)下(xia)通用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)在路载(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)柩(jiu)(jiu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。輲(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi),亦(yi)与(yu)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)同(tong),但(dan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)辐(fu)为(wei)轮(lun)(lun)。天(tian)子(zi)(zi)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)殡(bin)皆用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),故(gu)《檀弓》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):天(tian)子(zi)(zi)菆(zou)涂龙(long)(long)(long)輴(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun),谓(wei)(wei)画(hua)辕为(wei)龙(long)(long)(long)。诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)殡(bin)亦(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)輴(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)画(hua)辕为(wei)龙(long)(long)(long),故(gu)《丧大(da)(da)(da)记(ji)(ji)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“君(jun)殡(bin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)輴(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)。”注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“君(jun),诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),輴(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)画(hua)龙(long)(long)(long)。”大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)殡(bin)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)輴(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun),故(gu)郑(zheng)注《丧大(da)(da)(da)记(ji)(ji)》:“大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)殡(bin)废輴(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)輴(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)。土掘(jue)肂见衽,是(shi)(shi)(shi)亦(yi)废輴(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)朝庙,大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)皆用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)輴(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun),士(shi)(shi)朝庙用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)輁轴(zhou)(zhou),故(gu)《既夕(xi)礼(li)(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“迁於祖用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)轴(zhou)(zhou)。”郑(zheng)注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)四(si)周(zhou)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)輴(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun),天(tian)子(zi)(zi)画(hua)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)龙(long)(long)(long)”是(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。輴(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)与(yu)輁轴(zhou)(zhou)所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)异者,輴(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)四(si)周(zhou),輁轴(zhou)(zhou)则(ze)(ze)无(wu)(wu),故(gu)郑(zheng)注《既夕(xi)礼(li)(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“轴(zhou)(zhou)状如转辚,刻两头为(wei)轵,轵状如长床穿(chuan)桯,前后著金而(er)(er)关轴(zhou)(zhou)焉(yan)”是(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
士輤,苇席以为屋,蒲席以为裳帷。言以苇席为屋,则无素锦为帐。
○苇,于鬼反。
[疏]正义曰:此一经明士輤也。
○“苇席以为屋”者,谓用苇席屈之,以为輤棺之屋也。
○“蒲席以为裳帷”者,又以蒲席以为裳帷,围绕於屋旁也。
○注“言以”至“为帐”。
○正义(yi)曰(yue):言以(yi)士云,苇(wei)席(xi)以(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)屋(wu),屋(wu)当帷帐之(zhi)处(chu),故(gu)云“无素锦为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)帐”矣(yi)。然(ran)大夫(fu)无以(yi)他物为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)屋(wu)之(zhi)文,则(ze)是(shi)用素锦为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)帐矣(yi),与诸侯同。按诸侯与大夫(fu)上(shang)有(you)輤,旁有(you)裳(shang)(shang)帷,内(nei)有(you)素锦屋(wu)。今士唯云“苇(wei)席(xi)以(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)屋(wu),蒲(pu)(pu)席(xi)以(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)裳(shang)(shang)帷”,不(bu)云屋(wu)上(shang)所(suo)有(you)之(zhi)物。据文言之(zhi),苇(wei)席(xi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)屋(wu),则(ze)当覆上(shang)輤处(chu),将蒲(pu)(pu)席(xi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)裳(shang)(shang)帷,接(jie)屋(wu)之(zhi)四(si)边(bian)以(yi)鄣棺。或可大夫(fu)既有(you)素锦为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)帐,帐外(wai)上(shang)有(you)布,輤旁有(you)布裳(shang)(shang)帷,则(ze)士之(zhi)苇(wei)席(xi)屋(wu)之(zhi)外(wai),旁有(you)蒲(pu)(pu)席(xi)裳(shang)(shang)帷,则(ze)屋(wu)上(shang)当以(yi)蒲(pu)(pu)席(xi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)輤覆於上(shang),但文不(bu)备也。未(wei)知(zhi)孰(shu)是(shi),故(gu)两存焉。
凡讣於其君,曰:“君之臣某死。”讣,或皆作赴。赴,至也。臣死,其子使人至君所告之。
○讣音赴,注及下同。父、母、妻、长子,曰:“君之臣某之某死。”此臣於其家丧所主者。
○长,丁丈反,后“长子”皆同。君讣於他国之君,曰:“寡君不禄,敢告於执事。”夫人曰:“寡小君不禄。”大子之丧,曰:“寡君之適子某死。”君夫人不称薨,告他国君,谦也。
○大音泰,后(hou)“大子(zi)”同(tong)。適(shi),丁(ding)历(li)反,下文(wen)注“適(shi)子(zi)”、“其適(shi)”、“宗(zong)適(shi)”、“適(shi)妻(qi)”并同(tong)。
[疏]“凡讣”至“某死”。
○正义曰:此一节总明遭丧讣告於君及敌者,并讣於邻国称谓之差,各随文解之。
○“父、母、妻、长子,曰:君之臣某之某死”者,上“某”是生者臣名,下“某”是臣之亲属死者。云君之臣姓某甲之父死也。
○“曰:寡君”至“执事”者,以谦,故称“寡君”,若云寡德之君。虽复寿考,仍以短折言之,故云“不禄”。不敢指斥邻国君身,故云“敢告於执事”也。
○“夫人”至“某死”者,皆当云“告於执事”,不言者,略之故也。
○注“君夫”至“谦也”。
○正义(yi)曰(yue)(yue):按下(xia)(xia)《曲(qu)礼(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun):“诸(zhu)侯曰(yue)(yue)薨(hong)。”夫人(ren)尊(zun)(zun),与(yu)(yu)咀墁也(ye)(ye)。今夫人(ren)与(yu)(yu)咀墁不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)称(cheng)薨(hong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)告(gao)他国之君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun),及(ji)夫人(ren)自谦退,是(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)敢从君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)及(ji)夫人(ren)之礼(li)(li)也(ye)(ye)。按下(xia)(xia)《曲(qu)礼(li)(li)》篇(pian)云(yun)(yun):“士(shi)曰(yue)(yue)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)禄(lu)(lu)。”今虽谦退而(er)(er)(er)同(tong)(tong)(tong)士(shi)称(cheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),按《异义(yi)》:“今《春(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)公羊》说(shuo)诸(zhu)侯曰(yue)(yue)薨(hong),讣於邻国亦当称(cheng)薨(hong)。经书诸(zhu)侯言卒(zu)(zu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《春(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)》之文王鲁(lu),故(gu)称(cheng)卒(zu)(zu)以(yi)下(xia)(xia)鲁(lu)。古《春(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)左氏(shi)(shi)》说(shuo),诸(zhu)侯薨(hong),赴(fu)(fu)於邻国称(cheng)名(ming),则书名(ming)称(cheng)卒(zu)(zu)。卒(zu)(zu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),终也(ye)(ye)。取其终身,又以(yi)尊(zun)(zun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)出(chu)其国。许君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)谨按:《士(shi)虞(yu)礼(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun):‘尸服(fu),卒(zu)(zu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之上服(fu)。’不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)别尊(zun)(zun)卑,皆同(tong)(tong)(tong)年‘卒(zu)(zu)’者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),卒(zu)(zu),终也(ye)(ye)。是(shi)终没之辞(ci)也(ye)(ye)。”郑(zheng)駮之云(yun)(yun):“按《杂记(ji)》上云(yun)(yun):‘君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)薨(hong),讣於他国之君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun),曰(yue)(yue):寡君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)禄(lu)(lu)。’《曲(qu)礼(li)(li)》下(xia)(xia)曰(yue)(yue):‘寿(shou)考(kao)曰(yue)(yue)卒(zu)(zu),短(duan)折(zhe)曰(yue)(yue)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)禄(lu)(lu)。’今君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)薨(hong)而(er)(er)(er)云(yun)(yun)‘不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)禄(lu)(lu)’者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),言臣(chen)子於君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)父,虽有考(kao)终眉(mei)寿(shou),犹若(ruo)其短(duan)折(zhe)然。若(ruo)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)薨(hong)而(er)(er)(er)讣者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)曰(yue)(yue)‘卒(zu)(zu)’,卒(zu)(zu)是(shi)寿(shou)终矣(yi),斯无哀(ai)惜之心,非臣(chen)子之辞(ci)。邻国来赴(fu)(fu),书以(yi)‘卒(zu)(zu)’者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),言无所老(lao)幼,皆终成人(ren)之志,所以(yi)相尊(zun)(zun)敬。”如《异义(yi)》所论,是(shi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)称(cheng)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)禄(lu)(lu)”之意,若(ruo)杜(du)(du)元凯(kai)注《左氏(shi)(shi)传》,则与(yu)(yu)此异。按隐三年声(sheng)子卒(zu)(zu),传云(yun)(yun):“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)赴(fu)(fu),故(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)曰(yue)(yue)薨(hong)。”杜(du)(du)云(yun)(yun):“邻国之赴(fu)(fu),鲁(lu)史书卒(zu)(zu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),臣(chen)子恶其薨(hong)名(ming),改赴(fu)(fu)书也(ye)(ye)。”如郑(zheng)此云(yun)(yun),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)禄(lu)(lu)谓(wei)(wei)赴(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)口辞(ci)矣(yi)。《春(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)》所云(yun)(yun)“薨(hong)”,谓(wei)(wei)赴(fu)(fu)书之策,所以(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),言寿(shou)考(kao)曰(yue)(yue)“卒(zu)(zu)”,短(duan)折(zhe)曰(yue)(yue)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)禄(lu)(lu)”。杜(du)(du)以(yi)为(wei)《礼(li)(li)记(ji)》后(hou)人(ren)所作(zuo),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)正与(yu)(yu)《春(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)》同(tong)(tong)(tong),杜(du)(du)所不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用也(ye)(ye)。
大夫讣於同国適者,曰:“某不禄。”讣於士,亦曰:“某不禄。”讣於他国之君,曰:“君之外臣寡大夫某死。”讣於適者,曰:“吾子之外私寡大夫某不禄,使某实。”讣於士,亦曰:“吾子之外私寡大夫某不禄,使某实。”適,读为匹敌之敌,谓爵同者也。实当为至,此读,周秦之人声之误也。
○適,依注(zhu)音(yin)敌,大历(li)反,下“適者”同。实,依注(zhu)音(yin)至(zhi),下同。
[疏]正义曰:此一经明大夫之卒,相讣告之礼也。
○“適者,曰:某不禄”者,谓同国大夫位相敌者,曰“某不禄”。
○“讣於”至“不禄”者,大夫既尊於士,士处亦得称不禄。称“某”者,或死者之名,或死者官号,而赴者得称之。
○“讣於”至“外臣”者,大夫不属他国,故云“外臣”,自谦退无德,故云“寡大夫某”矣。尊敬他君,不敢申辞,故云“某死”。
○“讣於”至“某实”者,“讣於適者”,谓大夫死,讣於他国大夫相敌体者,谓讣告大夫,以是别国私有恩好,故曰“外私”。以赴大夫,其辞得申,故云“某不禄”。以身赴告,故云“使某实”。
○“讣於士”至“某实”者,谓大夫(fu)(fu)之丧,讣他国(guo)之士,其辞与讣大夫(fu)(fu)同(tong)。此(ci)所云“大夫(fu)(fu)”者,上(shang)下皆同(tong),曰大夫(fu)(fu)无以为异也。
士讣(fu)(fu)於同国大(da)夫,曰(yue):“某(mou)死(si)(si)。”讣(fu)(fu)於士,亦曰(yue):“某(mou)死(si)(si)。”讣(fu)(fu)於他(ta)国之(zhi)君,曰(yue):“君之(zhi)外臣(chen)某(mou)死(si)(si)。”讣(fu)(fu)於大(da)夫,曰(yue):“吾(wu)子(zi)之(zhi)外私(si)某(mou)死(si)(si)。”讣(fu)(fu)於士,亦曰(yue):“吾(wu)子(zi)之(zhi)外私(si)某(mou)死(si)(si)。”
[疏]正义曰:此一经论士(shi)丧相讣(fu)告之称。云某(mou)(mou)死(si)者,以(yi)其士(shi)贱(jian),赴(fu)大夫(fu)及士(shi),皆云“某(mou)(mou)死(si)”。若讣(fu)他国之君及大夫(fu)士(shi)等(deng),皆云“某(mou)(mou)死(si)”,但於他君称“外臣”,於大夫(fu)士(shi)言“外私”耳。
大夫次於公馆以终丧,士练而归,士次於公馆。公馆,公宫之舍也。练而归之士,谓邑宰也。练而犹处公馆,朝廷之士也,唯大夫三年无归也。
○朝,直遥反,下注(zhu)同。大夫(fu)居(ju)庐,士居(ju)垩室。谓未练时也,士居(ju)垩室,亦(yi)谓邑宰也。朝廷之士,亦(yi)居(ju)庐。
[疏]“大夫”至“垩室”。
○正义曰:此一节明大夫士遭君丧,次舍居处及归还之节。“公馆”,君之舍也,大夫恩深禄重,故为君丧“居庐”。终丧毕,乃还家也。
○“士练而归”者,谓邑宰之士也。士卑恩轻,故至小祥,而反其所治邑也。
○“士次於公馆”者,此谓朝廷之士也,虽轻而无邑事,故亦留次公馆三年也。
○“大夫居庐”者,以位尊恩重,故居庐。
○“士居垩室”者,士位卑恩轻,故居垩室也。
○注“公馆”至“归也”。
○正义曰:云“练而归之士,谓邑宰也”者,以下文云“士次於公馆”。今云“练而归”,明是邑宰,以为君治邑。若久而不归,即废其职事也。若身为大夫,虽位得采地,亦终丧乃归也。
○注“谓未”至“居庐”。
○正(zheng)义曰(yue):知此(ci)(ci)(ci)是(shi)(shi)未练(lian)(lian)(lian)时者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),按《间(jian)传》云(yun)(yun)(yun):“斩衰之(zhi)丧,居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)倚庐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)。”既(ji)练(lian)(lian)(lian)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)(e)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),此(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)若(ruo)(ruo)练(lian)(lian)(lian)后,则(ze)(ze)大(da)(da)夫(fu)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)(e)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。今云(yun)(yun)(yun)大(da)(da)夫(fu)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu),明(ming)未练(lian)(lian)(lian)时也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)(e)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),亦(yi)谓邑(yi)(yi)宰(zai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)若(ruo)(ruo)非邑(yi)(yi)宰(zai),未练(lian)(lian)(lian)之(zhi)前,当与(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)夫(fu)同(tong)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)。今云(yun)(yun)(yun)“居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)(e)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”,故(gu)(gu)(gu)知是(shi)(shi)邑(yi)(yi)宰(zai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。必知邑(yi)(yi)宰(zai)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)上文云(yun)(yun)(yun)“大(da)(da)夫(fu)终丧,士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)练(lian)(lian)(lian)而归”,言邑(yi)(yi)宰(zai)之(zhi)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),降(jiang)於(wu)大(da)(da)夫(fu)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)(e)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”,亦(yi)降(jiang)於(wu)大(da)(da)夫(fu),故(gu)(gu)(gu)知是(shi)(shi)邑(yi)(yi)宰(zai)之(zhi)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“朝(chao)廷(ting)之(zhi)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),亦(yi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)臣为君丧,俱(ju)服斩衰,故(gu)(gu)(gu)知未练(lian)(lian)(lian)之(zhi)前,士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亦(yi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。然《周礼·宫(gong)正(zheng)》注云(yun)(yun)(yun):“亲(qin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)贵者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu),疏者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)贱(jian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)(e)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。”引(yin)此(ci)(ci)(ci)《杂(za)记(ji)》云(yun)(yun)(yun):“大(da)(da)夫(fu)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu),士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)(e)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。”则(ze)(ze)是(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)夫(fu)以(yi)上定居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu),士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)定居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)(e)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“朝(chao)廷(ting)之(zhi)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),亦(yi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)”,与(yu)(yu)彼不同(tong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),寻郑之(zhi)文意,若(ruo)(ruo)与(yu)(yu)王亲(qin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),虽(sui)云(yun)(yun)(yun)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)贱(jian)亦(yi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu),则(ze)(ze)此(ci)(ci)(ci)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“朝(chao)廷(ting)之(zhi)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),亦(yi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)(ruo)与(yu)(yu)王无亲(qin),身又是(shi)(shi)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),则(ze)(ze)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)(e)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),则(ze)(ze)此(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)“士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)(e)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)郑於(wu)《宫(gong)正(zheng)》之(zhi)注,引(yin)此(ci)(ci)(ci)“士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)(e)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”,证贱(jian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)(e)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)(ruo)与(yu)(yu)王亲(qin),虽(sui)疏,但是(shi)(shi)贵者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),则(ze)(ze)亦(yi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。庾(yu)氏、熊氏并为此(ci)(ci)(ci)说。熊氏或说云(yun)(yun)(yun):若(ruo)(ruo)天(tian)子,则(ze)(ze)大(da)(da)夫(fu)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu),士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)(e)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。则(ze)(ze)《杂(za)记(ji)》言是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)(ruo)诸侯,则(ze)(ze)朝(chao)廷(ting)大(da)(da)夫(fu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)皆居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)也(ye)(ye)(ye),邑(yi)(yi)宰(zai)之(zhi)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)(e)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。《宫(gong)正(zheng)》之(zhi)注是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)义得两通,故(gu)(gu)(gu)并存焉。
大夫为其父母兄弟之未为大夫者之丧,服如士服,士为其父母兄弟之为大夫者之丧,服如士服。大夫虽尊,不以其服服父母兄弟,嫌若逾之也。士,谓大夫庶子为士者也。己卑,又不敢服尊者之服。今大夫丧服礼逸,与士异者,未得而备闻也。《春秋传》曰:“齐晏桓子卒,晏婴粗衰斩,苴绖带,杖,菅屦,食粥,居倚庐,寝苫,枕草。其老曰:非大夫之礼也。曰:惟卿为大夫。”此平仲之谦也。言己非大夫,故为父服士服耳。“粗衰斩”者,其缕在齐斩之间,谓缕如三升半,而三升不缉也。斩衰以三升为正,微细焉则属於粗也。然则士与大夫为父服异者,有粗衰斩,枕草矣。其为母五升缕而四升为兄弟六升,缕而五升乎。惟大夫以上,乃能备仪尽饰,士以下则以臣服君之斩衰为其父,以臣从君,而服之齐衰,为其母与兄弟,亦以勉人为高行也。大功以下,大夫、士服同。
○大夫为(wei)其(qi),于伪反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan),下“士为(wei)其(qi)”同,注除“为(wei)士”、“卿为(wei)”、“为(wei)正”,皆(jie)仿此。晏,於(wu)谏(jian)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。婴,一盈反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。衰,七雷反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。苴,七馀(yu)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。绖,大结反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。菅,古(gu)颜反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。屦,九具反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。粥,之六反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。倚(yi),於(wu)绮反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。苫,始(shi)占(zhan)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。枕,之鸩(zhen)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan),下同。缕,力住反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。齐音咨,下“齐衰”皆(jie)同。缉,七入(ru)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。上,时掌(zhang)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。行,下孟反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。
[疏]正义曰:此篇杂记丧事也。经次上下无义例科段,今各依文解之。此一经明大夫士为其父母昆弟之服也。
○注“大夫”至“服同”。
○正(zheng)(zheng)义(yi)曰(yue):“嫌若(ruo)逾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)或(huo)作(zuo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),或(huo)无(wu)(wu)(wu)官(guan),今(jin)(jin)(jin)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),若(ruo)著大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),是(shi)(shi)自尊(zun)逾越父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。今(jin)(jin)(jin)不(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),是(shi)(shi)嫌畏逾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),谓(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)庶子(zi)(zi)(zi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)解(jie)经中下(xia)(xia)(xia)文“士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文,知此(ci)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)庶子(zi)(zi)(zi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。若(ruo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)適(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi),虽未为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),犹服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),即(ji)下(xia)(xia)(xia)文是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)其(qi)(qi)(qi)適(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),则(ze)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)可知。故(gu)(gu)知此(ci)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),但(dan)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)是(shi)(shi)庶子(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),己(ji)卑(bei)(bei),不(bu)(bu)敢服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)尊(zun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“今(jin)(jin)(jin)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)逸,与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),未得而(er)(er)备(bei)(bei)闻也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),欲见大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)《士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)》殊异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),未甚分(fen)明(ming)。引《春(chun)秋传(chuan)(chuan)》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),欲证(zheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。所引传(chuan)(chuan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),襄十(shi)七年《左(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)》文。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)晏(yan)(yan)(yan)桓子(zi)(zi)(zi)卒(zu)”至“唯卿(qing)(qing)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)”,皆(jie)《左(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)》辞(ci)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)晏(yan)(yan)(yan)桓子(zi)(zi)(zi)卒(zu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),是(shi)(shi)晏(yan)(yan)(yan)婴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)晏(yan)(yan)(yan)弱,谥曰(yue)“桓子(zi)(zi)(zi)”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“晏(yan)(yan)(yan)婴粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)斩(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),桓子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi),晏(yan)(yan)(yan)婴身(shen)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)而(er)(er)斩(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“苴绖(die)带,杖”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)苴麻为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)首绖(die)、要带,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)苴色之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)竹为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)杖。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“菅屦”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)菅草为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)屦。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“食粥(zhou),居倚庐(lu),寝(qin)苫”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),是(shi)(shi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常(chang)。“枕(zhen)(zhen)草”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),非(fei)(fei)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“其(qi)(qi)(qi)老(lao)曰(yue):非(fei)(fei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),老(lao)谓(wei)晏(yan)(yan)(yan)婴家(jia)(jia)臣(chen),见晏(yan)(yan)(yan)婴服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),故(gu)(gu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)老(lao)言(yan)(yan)所服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):非(fei)(fei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“曰(yue):唯卿(qing)(qing)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)晏(yan)(yan)(yan)婴对家(jia)(jia)老(lao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan):若(ruo)身(shen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)卿(qing)(qing),得著大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。若(ruo)身(shen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),惟得服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“此(ci)平仲(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谦也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),言(yan)(yan)平仲(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan),非(fei)(fei)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),谦退之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辞(ci)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“言(yan)(yan)己(ji)非(fei)(fei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),故(gu)(gu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)耳”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),若(ruo)是(shi)(shi)卿(qing)(qing),则(ze)得为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),故(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“非(fei)(fei)”。从(cong)此(ci)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia),皆(jie)郑(zheng)(zheng)君(jun)(jun)解(jie)释之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辞(ci)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)斩(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),其(qi)(qi)(qi)缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)在(zai)齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)斩(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间(jian)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),按(an)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》初章“斩(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)”,次章“疏衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)”,疏即(ji)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。今(jin)(jin)(jin)言(yan)(yan)“粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)斩(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),是(shi)(shi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)向粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu),上(shang)(shang)向兼斩(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)有(you)(you)(you)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu),故(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)斩(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)在(zai)齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、斩(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间(jian),齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)即(ji)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),言(yan)(yan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)布(bu)(bu)缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)在(zai)齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、斩(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间(jian),斩(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)三(san)(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)四(si)(si)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),其(qi)(qi)(qi)布(bu)(bu)在(zai)三(san)(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)四(si)(si)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间(jian),故(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)如(ru)(ru)三(san)(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)半(ban)”,言(yan)(yan)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)如(ru)(ru)三(san)(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)半(ban),而(er)(er)计缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)唯三(san)(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),故(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)如(ru)(ru)三(san)(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)半(ban),而(er)(er)三(san)(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)不(bu)(bu)缉(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”。但(dan)缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)如(ru)(ru)三(san)(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)半(ban)是(shi)(shi)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai),不(bu)(bu)缉(ji)是(shi)(shi)斩(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),而(er)(er)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)布(bu)(bu)三(san)(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“斩(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)三(san)(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)正(zheng)(zheng),微细(xi)焉则(ze)属於(wu)(wu)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),解(jie)晏(yan)(yan)(yan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)实(shi)斩(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)而(er)(er)兼言(yan)(yan)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“然则(ze)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),有(you)(you)(you)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)斩(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),枕(zhen)(zhen)草矣(yi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),郑(zheng)(zheng)既(ji)(ji)约(yue)(yue)《左(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)》晏(yan)(yan)(yan)婴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi),始明(ming)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong),故(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“然则(ze)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)枕(zhen)(zhen)草矣(yi)”。则(ze)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)斩(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)枕(zhen)(zhen)凷,士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)则(ze)疏衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)枕(zhen)(zhen)草。按(an)《既(ji)(ji)夕礼(li)(li)(li)(li)》,士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)而(er)(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“枕(zhen)(zhen)块”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),记(ji)(ji)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)广(guang)说,非(fei)(fei)辞(ci)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“其(qi)(qi)(qi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)五(wu)(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)而(er)(er)四(si)(si)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)六(liu)(liu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)而(er)(er)五(wu)(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)半(ban)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),郑(zheng)(zheng)既(ji)(ji)约(yue)(yue)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)细(xi)降(jiang)一(yi)等(deng),经文有(you)(you)(you)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)及(ji)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),故(gu)(gu)此(ci)约(yue)(yue)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》“为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)四(si)(si)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”,此(ci)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)五(wu)(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)”,谓(wei)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)细(xi)似五(wu)(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv),成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)布(bu)(bu)四(si)(si)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》“为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)五(wu)(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”,此(ci)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)六(liu)(liu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)”,谓(wei)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)细(xi)如(ru)(ru)六(liu)(liu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv),成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)布(bu)(bu)五(wu)(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。皆(jie)谓(wei)缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)细(xi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)布(bu)(bu),升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)数少(shao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“唯大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang),乃能备(bei)(bei)仪尽饰(shi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang),则(ze)兼天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)诸侯(hou),德高能备(bei)(bei),仪服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)无(wu)(wu)(wu)降(jiang)杀,是(shi)(shi)“尽饰(shi)”。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)则(ze)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)臣(chen)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)君(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)斩(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)臣(chen)从(cong)君(jun)(jun)而(er)(er)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai),为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》义(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)皆(jie)降(jiang)正(zheng)(zheng)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)一(yi)等(deng)。今(jin)(jin)(jin)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)降(jiang)从(cong)义(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),是(shi)(shi)卑(bei)(bei)屈(qu)(qu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)臣(chen)从(cong)君(jun)(jun)而(er)(er)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai),为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),按(an)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》臣(chen)从(cong)君(jun)(jun)义(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)六(liu)(liu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),今(jin)(jin)(jin)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)如(ru)(ru)六(liu)(liu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)布(bu)(bu)五(wu)(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),得与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)臣(chen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)(jun)义(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu),父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)卒(zu),缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)如(ru)(ru)五(wu)(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)布(bu)(bu)四(si)(si)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)臣(chen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)(jun)义(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)全异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。而(er)(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)臣(chen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)(jun)义(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),前注所云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)因粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)降(jiang)斩(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)一(yi)等(deng),即(ji)连(lian)言(yan)(yan)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)卒(zu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)如(ru)(ru)五(wu)(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)布(bu)(bu)四(si)(si)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”,据(ju)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)卒(zu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)注以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)臣(chen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)(jun)义(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong),则(ze)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)在(zai)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)亦同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)如(ru)(ru)六(liu)(liu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)而(er)(er)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)布(bu)(bu)五(wu)(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),据(ju)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)在(zai)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)此(ci)前后(hou)注异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“亦以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)勉人(ren)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)高行(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),居丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)重(zhong)(zhong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)申,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)轻为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)屈(qu)(qu)。今(jin)(jin)(jin)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)未为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),是(shi)(shi)勉励(li)其(qi)(qi)(qi)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),使为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)高行(xing),作(zuo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)。士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),亦是(shi)(shi)勉励(li)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)身(shen),使为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)高行(xing)作(zuo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)功(gong)(gong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia),大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)经唯云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),不(bu)(bu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)功(gong)(gong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)有(you)(you)(you)殊,是(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)功(gong)(gong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)然者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)重(zhong)(zhong)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)情深,故(gu)(gu)使士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)抑屈(qu)(qu),使之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勉励(li)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)功(gong)(gong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia),轻服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)情杀,故(gu)(gu)上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)俱申也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。按(an)《圣证(zheng)论》王(wang)(wang)(wang)肃(su)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)自天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)无(wu)(wu)(wu)等(deng),故(gu)(gu)曾(ceng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):哭(ku)泣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)哀,齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)斩(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情,饘粥(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)食,自天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)达(da)。且大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卿(qing)(qing)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)上(shang)(shang)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)俱三(san)(san)命(ming),故(gu)(gu)曰(yue)一(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。晋(jin)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)起大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)国(guo)上(shang)(shang)卿(qing)(qing),当天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。平仲(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan),唯卿(qing)(qing)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),谓(wei)诸侯(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卿(qing)(qing),当天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),非(fei)(fei)谦辞(ci)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。春(chun)秋之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时,尊(zun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)尚轻简,丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)遂坏,群(qun)卿(qing)(qing)专(zhuan)政,晏(yan)(yan)(yan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)恶(e)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),故(gu)(gu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)枕(zhen)(zhen)草,於(wu)(wu)当时为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)。是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)平仲(zhong)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):‘唯卿(qing)(qing)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。’逊(xun)辞(ci)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)辟(pi)害也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”又(you)《孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“诸侯(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li),三(san)(san)年之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang),齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)疏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),飦粥(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)食,自天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)达(da)於(wu)(wu)庶人(ren),三(san)(san)代共之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”又(you)此(ci)记(ji)(ji)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“端衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)车皆(jie)无(wu)(wu)(wu)等(deng)。”又(you)《家(jia)(jia)语》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue):平仲(zhong)可为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)能远於(wu)(wu)害矣(yi)。不(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)己(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)駮人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)非(fei)(fei),逊(xun)辞(ci)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)辟(pi)咎也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”王(wang)(wang)(wang)肃(su)谓(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang),在(zai)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)敛时弁(bian)绖(die),士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)冠素(su)委貌。马昭答(da)王(wang)(wang)(wang)肃(su)曰(yue):“《杂记(ji)(ji)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)未为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)如(ru)(ru)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),是(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。而(er)(er)肃(su)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)无(wu)(wu)(wu)等(deng),则(ze)是(shi)(shi)背经说也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”郑(zheng)(zheng)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)言(yan)(yan)礼(li)(li)(li)(li),张融评云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),皆(jie)是(shi)(shi)乱世(shi)(shi)尚轻凉,非(fei)(fei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)达(da)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)。小功(gong)(gong)轻重(zhong)(zhong),不(bu)(bu)达(da)於(wu)(wu)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)。郑(zheng)(zheng)言(yan)(yan)谦者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),不(bu)(bu)异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)於(wu)(wu)远害。”融意以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)肃(su)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)郑(zheng)(zheng),:义(yi)略(lve)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。如(ru)(ru)融之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)说,是(shi)(shi)周(zhou)公(gong)制(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时,则(ze)上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong),当丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)制(zhi)无(wu)(wu)(wu)等(deng)。至后(hou)世(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)来,士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)有(you)(you)(you)异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),故(gu)(gu)记(ji)(ji)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)载之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),郑(zheng)(zheng)因而(er)(er)解(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。礼(li)(li)(li)(li)是(shi)(shi)郑(zheng)(zheng)学(xue),今(jin)(jin)(jin)申郑(zheng)(zheng)义(yi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“端衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)车无(wu)(wu)(wu)等(deng)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),端,正(zheng)(zheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。正(zheng)(zheng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)度(du)上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)无(wu)(wu)(wu)等(deng),其(qi)(qi)(qi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)精粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu),卿(qing)(qing)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)有(you)(you)(you)异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。又(you)曾(ceng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)斩(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情,据(ju)其(qi)(qi)(qi)情为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)等(deng),无(wu)(wu)(wu)妨服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)有(you)(you)(you)殊异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)耳。若(ruo)王(wang)(wang)(wang)肃(su)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意,大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)弁(bian)绖(die),士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)唯素(su)冠,此(ci)亦得施於(wu)(wu)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。此(ci)经云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)昆(kun)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),岂(qi)亦弁(bian)绖(die)素(su)冠之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)乎?此(ci)是(shi)(shi)肃(su)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)通(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。杜(du)元凯注《左(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)》,说与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)肃(su)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)虔注《左(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)》,与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)端衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)车无(wu)(wu)(wu)等(deng),其(qi)(qi)(qi)老(lao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)问,晏(yan)(yan)(yan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)答(da),皆(jie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)非(fei)(fei)礼(li)(li)(li)(li),并与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)郑(zheng)(zheng)违,今(jin)(jin)(jin)所不(bu)(bu)用(yong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
大夫之適子,服大夫之服。仕至大夫,贤著而德成,適子得服其服,亦尊其適象贤。
○著,知虑反。
[疏]注“仕至”至“象贤”
○正义(yi)曰:云(yun)“仕(shi)至(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),贤(xian)(xian)著(zhu)而德成(cheng),適(shi)子(zi)(zi)得(de)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)其(qi)(qi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)”者(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)经(jing)云(yun)“大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)適(shi)子(zi)(zi),服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)”。所以(yi)然者(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)其(qi)(qi)父在仕(shi)官(guan),身至(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),贤(xian)(xian)行既著(zhu),道(dao)德又(you)成(cheng),故其(qi)(qi)適(shi)子(zi)(zi)虽(sui)未(wei)仕(shi)官(guan),得(de)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)。云(yun)“亦(yi)尊(zun)其(qi)(qi)適(shi)象贤(xian)(xian)”者(zhe)(zhe),非但尊(zun)此大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)身,亦(yi)当尊(zun)其(qi)(qi)適(shi)子(zi)(zi),使服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye),能象似其(qi)(qi)父之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)贤(xian)(xian)者(zhe)(zhe)。皇氏(shi)云(yun):“大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)適(shi)子(zi)(zi),若(ruo)为士(shi),为其(qi)(qi)父唯服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)士(shi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)仕(shi)至(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),谓此子(zi)(zi)若(ruo)仕(shi)官(guan)至(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),始(shi)得(de)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),以(yi)其(qi)(qi)贤(xian)(xian)德著(zhu)成(cheng)。”如皇氏(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意,解(jie)此“仕(shi)至(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)”为大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi),按前(qian)经(jing)注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)“士(shi),谓大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)庶子(zi)(zi)为士(shi)”者(zhe)(zhe),明大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)適(shi)子(zi)(zi)未(wei)仕(shi)官(guan),及为士(shi),皆得(de)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。皇氏(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言,违文背注(zhu)(zhu),不解(jie)郑意,其(qi)(qi)说非也(ye)。
大夫之庶子为大夫,则为其父母服大夫服,其位与未为大夫者齿。虽庶子,得服其服,尚德也。使齿於士,不可不宗適。
○为,去声。
[疏]正义曰:此一节明大夫庶子为大夫,则得为父母服大夫之服。其位与未为大夫者齿。大夫庶子虽为大夫,得服大夫之服,其行位之处,与適子未为大夫者相齿列。
○注“虽庶”至“宗適”。
○正(zheng)义曰:云“尚德(de)也(ye)”者(zhe),言此大(da)夫(fu)之(zhi)子(zi)(zi),身(shen)虽(sui)(sui)是庶(shu),所以得服(fu)者(zhe),以其(qi)仕(shi)至(zhi)大(da)夫(fu),由(you)身(shen)有德(de)行,故云“尚德(de)也(ye)”。云“使(shi)齿於(wu)(wu)士,不(bu)可不(bu)宗(zong)適(shi)”者(zhe),此庶(shu)子(zi)(zi)虽(sui)(sui)为(wei)大(da)夫(fu),犹齿列於(wu)(wu)適(shi)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)下。其(qi)年虽(sui)(sui)长於(wu)(wu)適(shi)子(zi)(zi),犹在(zai)適(shi)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)下,使(shi)適(shi)子(zi)(zi)为(wei)主。若(ruo)年少於(wu)(wu)適(shi)子(zi)(zi),则固(gu)在(zai)適(shi)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)下,是不(bu)可不(bu)宗(zong)適(shi)也(ye)。
士之子为(wei)大(da)夫,则其父母弗(fu)能(neng)主也(ye),使其子主之。无子,则为(wei)之置(zhi)后。大(da)夫之子,得(de)用大(da)夫之礼,而士不得(de)也(ye)。置(zhi),犹立也(ye)。
[疏]正义曰:“其父母弗能主也”者,士子身为大夫,若死,则父母不能为丧主也,以身是士,故不可为大夫丧主。
○“使其子主之”者,谓使此死者之子为主,以其子是大夫適子,故得为大夫之主,以其服大夫服故也。
○“无子则为之置后”者,若死宅无子,则为死者别置其后,所置之后,即大夫適子,同得行大夫之礼。此所置之后,谓暂为丧主,假用大夫之礼。若其大宗子,则直为之立后,自然用大夫礼也。
○注“大夫”至“得也”。
○正(zheng)义曰:云(yun)“大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)得(de)(de)用(yong)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)”者,则(ze)(ze)前(qian)云(yun)“大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)適子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),服(fu)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)”是也。解经(jing)“使其(qi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)主(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”文(wen),其(qi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)为適子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。若无適子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),则(ze)(ze)以庶(shu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)当適处(chu)。若无庶(shu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),则(ze)(ze)以族人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)当適子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)处(chu),皆得(de)(de)用(yong)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li),故(gu)云(yun)“大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),得(de)(de)用(yong)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)”总结(jie)此文(wen)。云(yun)“而士(shi)不(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)也”者,其(qi)父(fu)是士(shi),不(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)主(zhu)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)丧,故(gu)云(yun)“而士(shi)不(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)也”。所以然者,父(fu)贵可以及(ji)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),故(gu)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)得(de)(de)用(yong)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)。子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)贵不(bu)(bu)可以及(ji)父(fu),故(gu)其(qi)父(fu)不(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)用(yong)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)。
大夫卜宅与葬日,有司麻衣、布衰、布带,因丧屦,缁布冠不蕤,占者皮弁。有司,卜人也。麻衣,白布深衣而著衰焉,及布带缁布冠,此服非纯吉,亦非纯凶也。皮弁,则纯吉之尤者也。占者尊於有司,卜求吉,其服弥吉,大夫士朔服皮弁。
○著,丁略反。
[疏]正义曰:“大夫卜宅与葬日”者,宅谓葬地。大夫尊,故得卜宅并葬日。
○“有司”至“丧屦”者,有司,谓卜人。麻衣,谓白布深衣。布衰,谓粗衰也。皇氏云:“以三升半布为衰,长六寸,广四寸,缀於衣前,当胸上。后又有负版,长一尺六寸,广四寸。”布带,以布为带。因丧屦,谓因丧之绳屦。
○“缁布冠不蕤”者,以缁布为冠,不加緌。
○“占者皮弁”者,谓卜龟之人,尊於卜之有司,故皮弁纯吉也。
○注“有司”至“皮弁”。
○正(zheng)义曰:云(yun)(yun)(yun)“麻衣(yi),白布(bu)深衣(yi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓吉(ji)服(fu)十五(wu)升(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)布(bu),与缁(zi)(zi)布(bu)冠(guan)(guan)皮(pi)弁(bian)相(xiang)类,故(gu)知吉(ji)布(bu)也。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“而(er)著衰焉”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),熊氏云(yun)(yun)(yun):“谓以吉(ji)布(bu)为衰,缀於(wu)深衣(yi)。”云(yun)(yun)(yun)“及布(bu)带缁(zi)(zi)布(bu)冠(guan)(guan),此(ci)服(fu)非纯(chun)(chun)吉(ji),亦非纯(chun)(chun)凶也”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓麻衣(yi)白布(bu)深衣(yi)十五(wu)升(sheng)是吉(ji),布(bu)衰是凶,布(bu)带亦凶,缁(zi)(zi)布(bu)冠(guan)(guan)是吉(ji),不(bu)蕤(rui)(rui)亦凶,故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“非纯(chun)(chun)吉(ji),亦非纯(chun)(chun)凶”。然(ran)缁(zi)(zi)布(bu)冠(guan)(guan),古法(fa)不(bu)蕤(rui)(rui),今(jin)特(te)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“缁(zi)(zi)布(bu)冠(guan)(guan)不(bu)蕤(rui)(rui)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以后代缁(zi)(zi)布(bu)冠(guan)(guan)有蕤(rui)(rui)。此(ci)以凶事(shi),故(gu)不(bu)蕤(rui)(rui)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“皮(pi)弁(bian),则纯(chun)(chun)吉(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)尤者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以上麻衣(yi)缁(zi)(zi)布(bu)冠(guan)(guan)杂有吉(ji)礼,此(ci)皮(pi)弁(bian)是纯(chun)(chun)吉(ji)尤甚者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“卜求吉(ji),其服(fu)弥吉(ji)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),解用(yong)皮(pi)弁(bian)之(zhi)(zhi)意。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“大夫士朔(shuo)服(fu)皮(pi)弁(bian)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),於(wu)诸侯是视(shi)朔(shuo)之(zhi)(zhi)服(fu),於(wu)天子是视(shi)朝之(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)也。
如筮,则史练冠长衣以筮,占者朝服。筮者,筮宅也。谓下大夫若士也。筮史,筮人也。长衣,深衣之纯以素也。长衣练冠,纯凶服也。朝服,纯吉服也。大夫士日朝服以朝也。
○朝(chao),直遥反。注及下文皆同。纯(chun)音准(zhun),又之闰(run)反。
[疏]正义曰:“如筮”者,谓下大夫及士不合用卜,故知用筮也。
○“则史练冠、长衣”者,此谓无地大夫筮葬礼也,唯筮宅卜日耳。卜时缁布冠,麻衣布衰,杂以吉凶之服。如筮,则练冠长衣。以筮轻,故用纯凶服也。
○“占者朝服”者,卜重,故占者皮弁;筮轻,故占者朝服。
○注“筮者”至“朝也”。
○正义(yi)曰(yue):“筮(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),筮(shi)宅也(ye)(ye)(ye)。谓下(xia)大(da)夫若士也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《士丧(sang)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)“筮(shi)宅卜日”,故知此筮(shi)谓筮(shi)宅也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“长(zhang)(zhang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),深(shen)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)纯(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)素(su)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),长(zhang)(zhang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)深(shen)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),其制同耳(er)。言此经(jing)长(zhang)(zhang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)深(shen)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)纯(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)素(su)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),凶时深(shen)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)纯(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)布(bu)(bu)(bu)。上经(jing)麻(ma)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)深(shen)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)亦纯(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)布(bu)(bu)(bu),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)经(jing)长(zhang)(zhang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)纯(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)素(su),故云(yun)(yun)(yun)“长(zhang)(zhang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),深(shen)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)纯(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)素(su)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“长(zhang)(zhang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)练(lian)(lian)冠(guan),纯(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)凶服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)长(zhang)(zhang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)则布(bu)(bu)(bu)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)纯(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)之(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)素(su)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。故《聘礼(li)(li)(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun):“主人(ren)(ren)长(zhang)(zhang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)练(lian)(lian)冠(guan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)受。”郑注彼云(yun)(yun)(yun)“长(zhang)(zhang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),素(su)纯(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)布(bu)(bu)(bu)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)”是(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。练(lian)(lian)冠(guan)是(shi)小祥以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)后,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)练(lian)(lian)为冠(guan),都无吉象,故云(yun)(yun)(yun)“纯(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)凶服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)”云(yun)(yun)(yun)“大(da)夫士日朝(chao)(chao)(chao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓缁衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)素(su)裳,诸侯之(zhi)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),每日视朝(chao)(chao)(chao)之(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。按《士丧(sang)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun):“族长(zhang)(zhang)莅卜,及宗人(ren)(ren)吉服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。”郑注云(yun)(yun)(yun):“吉服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)玄(xuan)端也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”此占者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),彼谓士之(zhi)上礼(li)(li)(li)(li),故占者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)著玄(xuan)端。此据(ju)筮(shi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li),故占者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。按《士虞礼(li)(li)(li)(li)》注云(yun)(yun)(yun):“士之(zhi)属(shu)吏为其长(zhang)(zhang)吊服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)如麻(ma)。”此史练(lian)(lian)冠(guan)长(zhang)(zhang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此经(jing)文舍大(da)夫,其臣(chen)为大(da)夫,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)布(bu)(bu)(bu)带(dai)绳屦,故史练(lian)(lian)冠(guan)长(zhang)(zhang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),若士之(zhi)卜,史当(dang)从吊服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),不得练(lian)(lian)冠(guan)长(zhang)(zhang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。
大夫之丧,既荐马,荐马者哭踊,出乃包奠,而读书。嫌与士异,记之也。《既夕礼》曰:“包牲取下体。”又曰:“主人之史请读赗”。
○“{廌豕}音荐(jian),本又作(zuo)荐(jian)。赗,芳(fang)凤反。
[疏]正义曰:此明大夫将葬,启柩朝庙之后,欲出之时。
○“既荐马”者,按《士丧礼》下篇云:荐马之节,凡有三时,一者柩初出至祖庙,设奠,为迁祖之奠,讫,乃荐马,是其一也。至日侧祖奠之时,又荐马,是其二也。明日将行,设遣奠之时,又荐马,是其三也。此云既荐马,谓第三荐马之时也。以下则云“包奠而读书”,於《既夕礼》当第三荐马之节。
○“荐马者哭踊”者,谓主人见荐马。荐,进也,进马至乃哭踊。
○“出乃包奠”者,出,谓马出。“乃包奠”者,取遣奠牲下体包裹之,以遣送行也。然马出在包奠之前,而必云“出乃包奠”者,明“出”即“包奠”,包奠为出之节,故言“出”也。
○“而读书”者,书,谓凡送亡者赗入椁之物书也。读之者,省录之也。
○注“嫌与”至“读赗”。
○正义(yi)曰:“嫌与士(shi)异”者(zhe)(zhe),按《既(ji)夕礼》荐(jian)(jian)马,马出(chu)之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou),云(yun)“包(bao)(bao)(bao)牲(sheng)取(qu)下体”也,又云(yun)“主人之(zhi)史(shi)请读(du)赗(feng)”。今此(ci)大夫亦荐(jian)(jian)马出(chu)后(hou)(hou)(hou),包(bao)(bao)(bao)奠(dian)读(du)书,与士(shi)同(tong)。记(ji)者(zhe)(zhe)嫌畏大夫之(zhi)尊,与士(shi)有(you)异,故特记(ji)之(zhi),明与士(shi)同(tong)也。故引(yin)《既(ji)夕礼》以下者(zhe)(zhe),证包(bao)(bao)(bao)牲(sheng)读(du)赗(feng)之(zhi)节,谓(wei)主人见荐(jian)(jian)马送行(xing)物而哭踊(yong),故云(yun)“荐(jian)(jian)马者(zhe)(zhe)器踊(yong)”也。所以马进(jin)(jin)而主人哭踊(yong)者(zhe)(zhe),马是牵车(che)为行(xing)之(zhi)物,今见进(jin)(jin)马,是行(xing)期已至(zhi),故孝(xiao)子感之(zhi)而哭踊(yong)。云(yun)“《既(ji)夕礼》曰:包(bao)(bao)(bao)牲(sheng)车(che)下体”者(zhe)(zhe),士(shi)则(ze)羊豕(shi)也,郑注(zhu):“包(bao)(bao)(bao)者(zhe)(zhe),象既(ji)飨(xiang)而归宾俎者(zhe)(zhe)也。前胫(jing)折取(qu)臂臑,后(hou)(hou)(hou)胫(jing)折壤也。”臂,谓(wei)膝上膊(bo)下也。臑,谓(wei)肘后(hou)(hou)(hou)。取(qu)骼,谓(wei)取(qu)膊(bo)下股骨也。羊豕(shi)各三牲(sheng),必取(qu)下体者(zhe)(zhe),下体能行(xing),亦示将行(xing)也。有(you)遣车(che)者(zhe)(zhe),亦先包(bao)(bao)(bao)之(zhi)也。云(yun)“又曰:主人之(zhi)史(shi)请读(du)赗(feng)”者(zhe)(zhe),赗(feng),犹送者(zhe)(zhe)人名也。
大夫之丧,大宗人相,小宗人命龟,卜人作龟。卜葬及日也。相,相主人礼也。命龟,告以所问事也。作龟,谓杨火灼之以出兆。
○相,息亮反,注同(tong)。
[疏]正义曰:“大夫”,谓卿也。明卿丧用人及卜之法也。
○“大宗”,谓大宗伯也。相,佐威仪。
○“小宗人命龟”者,小宗,谓小宗伯也。命龟,谓告龟道所卜之辞也。
○卜人,亦有司。作,为用杨火灼之也,并皆有司也。皇氏云:“大小二宗,并是其君之职,来为丧事,如司徒旅归四布是也。”故《宗伯·肆师》云:“凡卿大夫之丧相其礼。”
○注“卜葬及日也”。
○正义曰:“知卜(bu)葬及(ji)日”者,以文承上“大夫卜(bu)宅与葬日”之下,故知此(ci)经是上大夫之卜(bu)葬宅及(ji)日者也(ye)。
内子以鞠衣、褒衣,素沙。下大夫以襢衣,其馀如士。此复所用衣也,当在“夫人狄税素沙”下,烂脱失处在此上耳。内子,卿之適妻也,《春秋传》曰“晋赵姬请逆叔隗於狄,赵衰以为内子,而已下之”是也。下大夫,谓下大夫之妻。襢,《周礼》作“展”。王后之服六,唯上公夫人亦有袆衣,侯伯夫人自揄狄而下,子男夫人自阙狄而下,卿妻自鞠衣而下,大夫妻自展衣而下,士妻税衣而已。素沙,若今纱縠之帛也。六服皆袍制,不禅,以素纱裹之,如今袍撚重缯矣。“褒衣”者,始为命妇见加赐之衣也。其馀如士之妻,则亦用税衣。
○鞠,九(jiu)六反(fan),又曲六反(fan),注(zhu)同。襢,张(zhang)战反(fan)。复音(yin)(yin)伏。狄(di)税,他唤反(fan),下文放(fang)此。烂,力(li)旦反(fan)。脱音(yin)(yin)夺(duo),下同。隗,五罪(zui)反(fan)。衰,初(chu)危反(fan)。下,户嫁(jia)反(fan)。展,张(zhang)战反(fan),下同。襈音(yin)(yin)辉。揄(yu)音(yin)(yin)遥(yao),下文并注(zhu)同。縠,户木反(fan)。袍,步(bu)羔反(fan)。襌音(yin)(yin)丹。袿音(yin)(yin)圭。襈,士眷反(fan)。重,直龙反(fan)。缯,茨陵(ling)反(fan)。
[疏]正义曰:此一节明卿大夫以下之妻所复之衣。
○“内子以鞠衣、褒衣”者,内子,谓卿妻。“复以鞠衣、褒衣”者,始命为内子,尚所褒赐之衣,复时亦用此衣,故云“鞠衣、褒衣”。褒衣则鞠衣也,但上命时褒赐,故曰“褒衣”也。
○“素沙”者,言此鞠衣褒衣,亦以素沙为里。
○“下大夫以襢衣”者,是下大夫之妻所复襢衣也。对卿妻为下,故服用襢,《周礼》作“展”。王后之服六,唯上公夫人亦有袆衣,侯伯夫人自揄狄而下,子男夫人自阙狄而下,卿妻自鞠衣而下,大夫妻自展衣而下,士妻税衣而已。六服皆袍制不禅,以素纱里之。袍制,谓连衣裳,有表有里似袍,故云“皆袍制不禅”。汉时有袿袍,其袍下之襈,以里缯为之。古之服皆以素纱为里,似此袿袍撚之里缯,故注云“如今之袿袍襈重缯也”。
○“其馀如士”者,谓内子鞠衣褒衣,已见於经。大夫以襢衣,亦见於经。唯有褖衣未见,故云“其馀如士”,谓鞠衣襢衣之外,其馀褖衣如士之妻。士妻既用褖衣而复,则内子下大夫妻等亦用褖衣也。
○注“此复”至“税衣”。
○正义曰:“此(ci)复(fu)(fu)所(suo)用衣(yi)(yi)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)“复(fu)(fu)诸侯以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)褒衣(yi)(yi)”,故(gu)知此(ci)亦复(fu)(fu)衣(yi)(yi)也(ye)。云(yun)“当在(zai)‘夫人(ren)狄税素(su)(su)沙’下(xia)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)记者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)作记,当依尊卑顺(shun)序,此(ci)内子(zi)(zi)宜承夫人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia),故(gu)云(yun)“当在(zai)‘夫人(ren)狄税素(su)(su)沙’下(xia)”也(ye)。引“《春秋传》曰”以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),僖二十四(si)年《左传》文(wen)(wen)(wen)也(ye)。初晋文(wen)(wen)(wen)公(gong)在(zai)狄,狄人(ren)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)季隗(wei)妻文(wen)(wen)(wen)公(gong),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)叔隗(wei)妻赵(zhao)襄。后文(wen)(wen)(wen)公(gong)反(fan)国,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)赵(zhao)姬(ji)妻赵(zhao)衰(shuai),赵(zhao)姬(ji)请(qing)赵(zhao)衰(shuai)逆叔隗(wei)於狄,既逆还赵(zhao)姬(ji),又请(qing)赵(zhao)衰(shuai)将(jiang)叔隗(wei)为内子(zi)(zi),赵(zhao)姬(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)身卑下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),故(gu)云(yun)“而已(yi)下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”。引之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),证卿妻为内子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)也(ye)。其王后以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu),已(yi)具於《玉藻》,故(gu)此(ci)略而不(bu)(bu)言。云(yun)“六服(fu)皆袍制(zhi),不(bu)(bu)禅,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)素(su)(su)纱里(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),如今袿、袍、襈重(zhong)缯矣”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),皆袍制(zhi),谓(wei)连衣(yi)(yi)裳,有表里(li)(li)似袍。故(gu)云(yun)“皆袍制(zhi)不(bu)(bu)襌(dan)”。汉时有袿袍,其袍下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)襈,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)重(zhong)缯为之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。故(gu)云(yun)六服(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)素(su)(su)纱为里(li)(li),似此(ci)袿袍襈重(zhong)缯矣。云(yun)“褒衣(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),始(shi)(shi)为命妇见(jian)加赐(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)衣(yi)(yi)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)内子(zi)(zi)初始(shi)(shi)为卿妻,加赐(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)衣(yi)(yi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)褒崇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),故(gu)云(yun)“褒衣(yi)(yi)”。
复(fu),诸侯以褒(bao)(bao)衣、冕服(fu)、爵弁服(fu)。复(fu),招魂复(fu)魄也(ye)。冕服(fu)者(zhe),上公五,侯伯四(si),子男(nan)三。褒(bao)(bao)衣,亦始命为诸侯及朝觐见(jian)加赐(ci)之衣也(ye)。褒(bao)(bao),犹进(jin)也(ye)。
[疏]正义曰:自此以下,至“复西上”,总明诸侯以下及夫人命妇招魂所用之衣。但此经烂脱,上下颠倒,如郑所次,以此诸侯褒衣一经为首,次以夫人税衣揄狄之经,然后次内子以鞠衣之经。今依郑次,各随文解之。
○“复,诸侯以褒衣”者,谓复时以始命褒赐之衣。
○“冕服爵弁服”者,诸侯既用褒衣,又以冕服爵弁服而复也。
○注“冕服”至“进也”。
○正(zheng)义曰(yue):“冕(mian)服(fu)”者(zhe),上(shang)(shang)公自衮冕(mian)而(er)(er)下(xia),故(gu)为五(wu);侯(hou)伯自鷩冕(mian)而(er)(er)下(xia),故(gu)为四;子男自毳冕(mian)而(er)(er)下(xia),故(gu)为三也。凡服(fu),各依(yi)其命(ming)(ming)(ming)数,则上(shang)(shang)公五(wu)冕(mian)之(zhi)外(wai),更加(jia)爵弁服(fu)以下(xia)皮弁、冠弁之(zhi)等,而(er)(er)满(man)九;侯(hou)伯冕(mian)服(fu)之(zhi)外(wai),亦(yi)加(jia)爵弁以下(xia),而(er)(er)满(man)七;子男冕(mian)服(fu)之(zhi)外(wai),加(jia)爵弁、皮弁,而(er)(er)满(man)五(wu)。其褒(bao)(bao)衣(yi),君特所褒(bao)(bao)赐(ci),则宜(yi)在命(ming)(ming)(ming)数之(zhi)外(wai)也。故(gu)《王制》云:三公一(yi)命(ming)(ming)(ming)衮,若有加(jia),则赐(ci)是(shi)褒(bao)(bao)衣(yi),故(gu)不入命(ming)(ming)(ming)数也。此褒(bao)(bao)衣(yi)或是(shi)冕(mian)之(zhi)最(zui)上(shang)(shang)者(zhe)。
夫人税衣揄狄,狄税素沙。言其招魂用税衣上至揄狄也。狄税素沙,言皆以白纱縠为里。
○税,他唤(huan)反(fan)(fan),下(xia)文放此。揄音遥,下(xia)文同。縠,户木反(fan)(fan),下(xia)注(zhu)同。
[疏]正义曰:此明妇人复衣也,妇人衣有六也。
○“夫人税衣揄狄”者,诸侯夫人复用税衣上至揄狄,谓诸侯伯夫人也。
○“狄(di)(di)税素沙(sha)(sha)”者,言从(cong)揄狄(di)(di)以下,至於税衣,皆用(yong)素沙(sha)(sha)白縠为(wei)里。
复西上。北面而西上,阳长左也。复者多少,各如其命之数。
○长,丁丈反。
[疏]正义曰:凡招魂皆北面而招,以西头为上。
○注“北面”至“之数”。
○正义曰:云“北面而西(xi)上(shang),阳(yang)(yang)长(zhang)左(zuo)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),以招魂冀生气(qi)(qi)之来,生气(qi)(qi)为阳(yang)(yang),又(you)北面言之,南方是阳(yang)(yang),左(zuo)在西(xi)方,故言“阳(yang)(yang)长(zhang)左(zuo)”。云“复者(zhe)(zhe)多(duo)少,各(ge)如其(qi)命之数”者(zhe)(zhe),按《士(shi)丧(sang)礼》:“复者(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)人,以爵弁服。”言诸(zhu)侯之士(shi)一(yi)命而用一(yi)人。明复者(zhe)(zhe)各(ge)依(yi)命数,其(qi)复处不同。故《檀弓》云:“君(jun)复於(wu)小寝(qin)大寝(qin)库(ku)门(men)四郊。”而云“复西(xi)上(shang)”者(zhe)(zhe),但有两人以上(shang)一(yi)处复者(zhe)(zhe),则西(xi)上(shang)也(ye)。
大夫不揄绞,属於池下。谓池饰也。揄,揄翟也。采青黄之间曰绞。属,犹系也。人君之柳,其池系绞缯於下,而画翟雉焉,名曰“振容”,又有铜鱼在其间。大夫去振容,士去鱼。此无“人君”及“士”,亦烂脱。
○绞,户(hu)交反(fan),注同。属音烛,注及下“条(tiao)属”并注同。翟音狄。去,起吕反(fan)。下同。
[疏]正义曰:此一经明大夫葬时车饰。若诸侯以上则画揄翟於绞,属於池下。若大夫降下人君,不得画以揄绞,属於池下。其池上,则画於揄,得有揄绞也。故《丧大记》士亦有揄绞,与大夫同,但不得属於池下。
○注“人君”至“烂脱”。
○正义曰:按《丧(sang)大(da)(da)记(ji)》云(yun)(yun)(yun):“君三池(chi)振(zhen)容(rong)(rong)。”是(shi)人(ren)君之柳有(you)(you)(you)振(zhen)容(rong)(rong)。振(zhen)容(rong)(rong)者,其(qi)池(chi)系(xi)揄缯(zeng)於(wu)下,而(er)画翟(zhai)雉焉,名曰“振(zhen)容(rong)(rong)”。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“又有(you)(you)(you)铜鱼(yu)(yu)在其(qi)间(jian)”者,上有(you)(you)(you)池(chi),下有(you)(you)(you)振(zhen)容(rong)(rong),池(chi)与(yu)振(zhen)容(rong)(rong)之间(jian)而(er)有(you)(you)(you)鱼(yu)(yu),故云(yun)(yun)(yun)“在其(qi)间(jian)”。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“大(da)(da)夫去振(zhen)容(rong)(rong),士(shi)去鱼(yu)(yu)”者,以《丧(sang)大(da)(da)记(ji)》大(da)(da)夫不(bu)振(zhen)容(rong)(rong),士(shi)不(bu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“鱼(yu)(yu)跃拂池(chi)”故也。大(da)(da)夫不(bu)振(zhen)容(rong)(rong)者,谓(wei)不(bu)以揄绞属(shu)於(wu)池(chi)下为振(zhen)容(rong)(rong)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“此无人(ren)君及士(shi),亦(yi)烂脱(tuo)”者,以前(qian)经云(yun)(yun)(yun)“复”,尊卑(bei)俱显明也。此直云(yun)(yun)(yun)“大(da)(da)夫”,故云(yun)(yun)(yun)亦(yi)如前(qian)文,烂脱(tuo)君与(yu)士(shi)也。
大夫附於士。士不附於大夫,附於大夫之昆弟。无昆弟则从其昭穆。虽王父母在,亦然。附读皆为祔。大夫祔於士,不敢以己尊自殊於其祖也。士不祔於大夫,自卑,别於尊者也。大夫之昆弟,谓为士者也,从其昭穆中一以上,祖又祖而已。祔者,祔於先死者。
○附,依注作(zuo)祔,音同(tong),下并同(tong)。昭,常遥反,卷内(nei)皆同(tong)。别,彼列(lie)反。
[疏]正义曰:自此以下,至“附於公子”,广明祔祭之义,各依文解之。
○“大夫附於士”者,谓祖为士,孙为大夫。若死,可以祔祭於祖之为士者也。
○“士不附於大夫”者,谓先祖为大夫,孙为士,不可祔祭於大夫,唯得祔於大夫之兄弟为士者。
○“无昆弟则从其昭穆”者,谓祖为大夫,无昆弟为士,则从其昭穆,谓祔於高祖为士者。若高祖为大夫,则祔於高祖昆弟为士者。
○“虽王父母在,亦然”者,谓孙死之后,应合祔於王父。王父见在,无可祔。然,犹如是也,亦如是祔於高祖也。
○注“附读”至“而已”。
○正义曰:祔者(zhe),祔祭(ji)於(wu)(wu)神(shen),当(dang)从示旁为(wei)(wei)之(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)“大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)之(zhi)昆弟,谓(wei)为(wei)(wei)士(shi)者(zhe)也(ye)”者(zhe),郑恐经云(yun)(yun)“祔於(wu)(wu)大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)之(zhi)昆弟”,恐大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)之(zhi)昆弟身作大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu),士(shi)亦(yi)得祔之(zhi),故云(yun)(yun)“大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)昆弟为(wei)(wei)士(shi)”者(zhe)。若大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)昆弟全无者(zhe),其孙(sun)(sun)虽士(shi),亦(yi)得祔之(zhi)。故前(qian)文云(yun)(yun)“大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)祔於(wu)(wu)士(shi)”,是孙(sun)(sun)之(zhi)尊,可以祔祖(zu)(zu)之(zhi)卑也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“从其昭穆中(zhong)一(yi)(yi)以上,祖(zu)(zu)又祖(zu)(zu)而(er)已(yi)”者(zhe),谓(wei)父为(wei)(wei)昭,子(zi)为(wei)(wei)穆,中(zhong)犹间(jian)(jian)也(ye)。谓(wei)自祖(zu)(zu)以上,间(jian)(jian)一(yi)(yi)世(shi)各(ge)当(dang)昭穆而(er)祖(zu)(zu)祔之(zhi)。若不得祔祖(zu)(zu),则间(jian)(jian)去(qu)曾祖(zu)(zu)一(yi)(yi)世(shi)祔於(wu)(wu)高(gao)祖(zu)(zu),若高(gao)祖(zu)(zu)无可祔,则间(jian)(jian)高(gao)祖(zu)(zu)之(zhi)父一(yi)(yi)世(shi)祔高(gao)祖(zu)(zu)之(zhi)祖(zu)(zu),故云(yun)(yun)“祖(zu)(zu)又祖(zu)(zu)而(er)已(yi)”。是“中(zhong)一(yi)(yi)”以上,《丧服小(xiao)记》文也(ye)。
妇附於其夫(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)所附之(zhi)(zhi)妃(fei)(fei),无妃(fei)(fei),则(ze)亦从(cong)其昭(zhao)穆之(zhi)(zhi)妃(fei)(fei)。妾(qie)(qie)附於妾(qie)(qie)祖姑(gu),无妾(qie)(qie)祖姑(gu),则(ze)亦从(cong)其昭(zhao)穆之(zhi)(zhi)妾(qie)(qie)。夫(fu)所附之(zhi)(zhi)妃(fei)(fei),於妇则(ze)祖姑(gu)。
[疏]正义曰:此一经论妇之所附,义与夫同。
○“无(wu)妃(fei)(fei)(fei),则亦从其(qi)(qi)昭(zhao)穆之(zhi)(zhi)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)”者(zhe),其(qi)(qi)孙妇祔(fu)祖姑,祖无(wu)妃(fei)(fei)(fei),谓(wei)无(wu)祖姑,则亦从其(qi)(qi)昭(zhao)穆之(zhi)(zhi)妃(fei)(fei)(fei),谓(wei)亦间一以上(shang),祔(fu)於高祖之(zhi)(zhi)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)。高祖无(wu)妃(fei)(fei)(fei),则亦祔(fu)於高祖之(zhi)(zhi)祖妃(fei)(fei)(fei)。若其(qi)(qi)祖有昆(kun)弟之(zhi)(zhi)妃(fei)(fei)(fei),班爵同者(zhe),则亦祔(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)。
男子附於王父则配,女子附於王母则不配。配,谓并祭。王母不配,则不祭王父也。有事於尊者,可以及卑,有事於卑者,不敢援尊。配与不配,祭馔如一,祝辞异,不言“以某妃配某氏”耳。女子,谓未嫁者也。嫁未三月而死,犹归葬於女氏之党。
○并,必(bi)政反(fan)。援音袁(yuan)。
[疏]正义曰:“男子祔於王父则配”者,谓祭王父,并祭所配王母。
○“女子祔於王母则不配”者,谓在室之女及已嫁未三月而死,祔祭於王母,则不祭所配之王父。
○注“配谓”至“之党”。
○正义曰:云“配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei),谓(wei)并祭(ji)(ji)王母。不配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei),则(ze)不祭(ji)(ji)王父(fu)也”者(zhe),王父(fu)母相配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)之人,祭(ji)(ji)王父(fu)及王母是(shi)(shi)其配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei),祭(ji)(ji)王母不祭(ji)(ji)王父(fu)是(shi)(shi)不配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)。云“配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)与不配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei),祭(ji)(ji)馔如一,祝辞异,不言‘以(yi)(yi)某妃(fei)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)某氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)’耳”者(zhe),按《特牲(sheng)(sheng)礼(li)》不云配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei),《少(shao)(shao)(shao)牢(lao)礼(li)》云“以(yi)(yi)某妃(fei)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)”。但(dan)士用(yong)特牲(sheng)(sheng),大(da)夫用(yong)少(shao)(shao)(shao)牢(lao),其馀皆同,是(shi)(shi)祭(ji)(ji)馔如一。按《少(shao)(shao)(shao)牢(lao)》云:“以(yi)(yi)某妃(fei)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)某氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。”郑注(zhu)云:“某妃(fei),某妻也。某氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),若(ruo)言姜氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)子(zi)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也。”此是(shi)(shi)言配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)也。不言配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)者(zhe),若(ruo)《特牲(sheng)(sheng)》云:“用(yong)荐岁事於(wu)皇祖某子(zi)。”不云以(yi)(yi)某妃(fei)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)。特牲(sheng)(sheng)虽是(shi)(shi)常(chang)祭(ji)(ji),容(rong)是(shi)(shi)禫月(yue)吉祭(ji)(ji),故不举(ju)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)。云“嫁未三月(yue)而死,犹归葬於(wu)女氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之党”者(zhe),《曾子(zi)问》文也。
公子附(fu)於公子。不敢(gan)戚君(jun)。
[疏(shu)]正(zheng)义曰:“公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)”者(zhe),若公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)祖(zu)为君,公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)不敢(gan)祔之(zhi)。祔於祖(zu)之(zhi)兄弟为公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)者(zhe),不敢(gan)戚君故也(ye)。
君(jun)(jun)薨,大子号(hao)称(cheng)(cheng)“子”,待犹(you)君(jun)(jun)也。谓未逾年也,虽(sui)称(cheng)(cheng)子,与(yu)(yu)诸(zhu)侯朝会如君(jun)(jun)矣。《春秋》鲁僖公九年夏葵(kui)丘之会,宋襄公称(cheng)(cheng)子,而与(yu)(yu)诸(zhu)侯序。待,或为(wei)侍。
[疏]正义曰:“君薨”,谓先君薨也。
○“大子号称子”者,其本大子,君存称世子。今君既薨,故称子,不言世子。
○“待犹君也”者,谓与诸侯并列,共待之礼,犹如正君。
○注“谓未”至“侯序”。
○正义(yi)曰(yue):知“未(wei)逾(yu)年”者,若(ruo)逾(yu)年则称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)君,此云(yun)“称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)”,故知“未(wei)逾(yu)年”也(ye)。引(yin)《春秋(qiu)》者,证(zheng)未(wei)逾(yu)年称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)“子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)”及“待犹(you)(you)君”之(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)。按僖九年三月,宋(song)公纬说卒(zu),夏,公会(hui)宰(zai)周云(yun)齐(qi)侯(hou)(hou)宋(song)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以下(xia)于葵丘。是宋(song)襄(xiang)(xiang)公称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),序在(zai)齐(qi)侯(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)下(xia),与(yu)寻常宋(song)公同,是与(yu)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)序。按《公羊(yang)传》云(yun):“君存称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)世子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),君薨称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)某(mou)。既葬(zang)(zang)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),逾(yu)年称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)公。”今宋(song)襄(xiang)(xiang)公未(wei)葬(zang)(zang)君,当宋(song)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)某(mou)而称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)者,郑用《左氏》之(zhi)(zhi)义(yi),未(wei)葬(zang)(zang)已(yi)前则称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),既葬(zang)(zang)已(yi)后(hou)逾(yu)年则称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)公。故僖九年传云(yun):“凡在(zai)丧,王(wang)曰(yue)小童,公侯(hou)(hou)曰(yue)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。”是“未(wei)葬(zang)(zang)”为(wei)在(zai)丧之(zhi)(zhi)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)也(ye)。若(ruo)杜元凯之(zhi)(zhi)意,未(wei)葬(zang)(zang)以前皆(jie)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。若(ruo)既葬(zang)(zang)虽未(wei)逾(yu)年,亦称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)公,若(ruo)未(wei)葬(zang)(zang)虽逾(yu)年,犹(you)(you)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),其义(yi)具在(zai)下(xia)《曲礼》疏,其与(yu)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)序列,宋(song)襄(xiang)(xiang)公在(zai)丧称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),自(zi)在(zai)本(ben)班;定四年陈怀公称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),进在(zai)郑上;僖二十(shi)八年,陈共公称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),降在(zai)郑下(xia);卫侯(hou)(hou)弟叔武称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),亦序在(zai)郑下(xia):此皆(jie)春秋(qiu)之(zhi)(zhi)时霸者所次,不与(yu)此记同也(ye)。