爱上海

华语网_语文知识_初中语文_小学语文_教案试题_中考高考作文

爱上海 > 文言专题 > 文言文经典名著

纪昀《阅微草堂笔记》卷八 如是我闻二 在线阅读

[移动版] 作者:纪昀

先叔仪南公言(yan),有王(wang)(wang)某曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)某,素相善(shan)。王(wang)(wang)艳曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妇,乘曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)为(wei)(wei)盗所诬引,阴贿吏毙(bi)于狱。方营求媒(mei)妁,意忽自悔(hui),遂(sui)辍(chuo)其(qi)谋,拟为(wei)(wei)作功德解(jie)(jie)(jie)冤(yuan)(yuan),既而念佛(fo)法(fa)有无未可知,乃迎曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)父(fu)母(mu)(mu)妻子(zi)于家,奉(feng)养备至(zhi),如是者数年(nian)。耗其(qi)家赀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)半,曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)父(fu)母(mu)(mu)意不自安,欲以妇归王(wang)(wang),王(wang)(wang)固辞(ci),奉(feng)养益谨(jin)。又数年(nian),曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)母(mu)(mu)病,王(wang)(wang)侍汤(tang)药,衣(yi)不解(jie)(jie)(jie)带(dai),曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)母(mu)(mu)临殁曰(yue):久(jiu)蒙厚恩,来世何以为(wei)(wei)报乎(hu)?王(wang)(wang)乃叩首(shou)流(liu)血,具陈其(qi)实,乞冥府见(jian)(jian)曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)为(wei)(wei)解(jie)(jie)(jie)释。母(mu)(mu)慨诺,曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)父(fu)亦作手书一札,纳曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)母(mu)(mu)袖中曰(yue):死果见(jian)(jian)儿,以此付之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),如再修怨,黄泉下无相见(jian)(jian)也(ye)。后(hou)王(wang)(wang)为(wei)(wei)曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)母(mu)(mu)营葬,督工(gong)劳(lao)倦,假寐圹侧(ce),忽闻耳畔(pan)大声曰(yue):冤(yuan)(yuan)则解(jie)(jie)(jie)矣,尔有一女(nv),忘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乎(hu)?惕然而寤,遂(sui)以女(nv)许嫁其(qi)子(zi),后(hou)竟得(de)善(shan)终(zhong)。以必不可解(jie)(jie)(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冤(yuan)(yuan),而感以不能不解(jie)(jie)(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情,真狡黠(xia)人(ren)哉(zai)。然如是之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冤(yuan)(yuan)有可解(jie)(jie)(jie),知无不可解(jie)(jie)(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冤(yuan)(yuan)矣。亦足为(wei)(wei)悔(hui)罪(zui)者劝也(ye)。

从兄旭(xu)升言,有丐妇甚孝(xiao),其姑(gu)尝饥踣于路,而手一(yi)(yi)盂饭不肯释,曰:姑(gu)未(wei)食(shi)也(ye)。自云初亦仅随姑(gu)乞食(shi),听指挥而已。一(yi)(yi)日(ri)同栖古庙,夜闻(wen)殿(dian)上厉声曰:尔何(he)不避孝(xiao)妇,使受阴气发寒热?一(yi)(yi)人称手捧急檄,仓卒未(wei)及睹。又闻(wen)叱责曰:忠臣(chen)孝(xiao)子,顶上神光照(zhao)数尺,尔岂盲耶?俄闻(wen)鞭垂呼号声,久之乃寂。次日(ri)至村中,果闻(wen)一(yi)(yi)妇馌田,为旋风所扑,患头痛(tong)。问其行事,果以孝(xiao)称。自是感动,事姑(gu)恒(heng)恐(kong)不至云。

旭(xu)升又言(yan),县吏李懋(mao)华(hua),尝以(yi)(yi)事诣张家口,于居(ju)庸关外夜失道,暂(zan)憩山畔神(shen)(shen)(shen)祠(ci)(ci),俄灯(deng)光晃耀,遥(yao)见(jian)(jian)车骑杂盢,将(jiang)至祠(ci)(ci)门,意是(shi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)灵,伏匿(ni)庑下。见(jian)(jian)数(shu)贵官并入祠(ci)(ci),坐(zuo)左侧(ce)似是(shi)城隍,中四五座则(ze)不(bu)(bu)识何神(shen)(shen)(shen)。数(shu)吏抱(bao)簿陈案上,一(yi)(yi)(yi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)检视(shi),窃听(ting) 其(qi)语,则(ze)勘验一(yi)(yi)(yi)郡(jun)善(shan)恶(e)(e)也(ye)(ye)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)曰(yue)(yue):某妇(fu)事亲无(wu)(wu)失礼,然(ran)文至而(er)(er)(er)情不(bu)(bu)至;某妇(fu)亦能(neng)得(de)舅姑欢(huan),然(ran)退(tui)与(yu)其(qi)夫有怨言(yan)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)曰(yue)(yue):风(feng)俗(su)日渝,神(shen)(shen)(shen)道亦与(yu)人(ren)为善(shan),阴律孝(xiao)(xiao)妇(fu)延一(yi)(yi)(yi)纪,此二(er)妇(fu)减半可也(ye)(ye)。佥曰(yue)(yue):善(shan)。俄一(yi)(yi)(yi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)又曰(yue)(yue):某妇(fu)至孝(xiao)(xiao)而(er)(er)(er)至淫(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin),何以(yi)(yi)处之(zhi)(zhi)?一(yi)(yi)(yi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)曰(yue)(yue):阳律犯淫(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)罪(zui)止杖,而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)孝(xiao)(xiao)则(ze)当诛,是(shi)不(bu)(bu)孝(xiao)(xiao)之(zhi)(zhi)罪(zui)重(zhong)(zhong)于淫(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)也(ye)(ye)。不(bu)(bu)孝(xiao)(xiao)之(zhi)(zhi)罪(zui)重(zhong)(zhong),则(ze)能(neng)孝(xiao)(xiao)者(zhe)福(fu)(fu)亦重(zhong)(zhong),轻(qing)罪(zui)不(bu)(bu)可削(xue)重(zhong)(zhong)福(fu)(fu),宜舍淫(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)而(er)(er)(er)论其(qi)孝(xiao)(xiao)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)曰(yue)(yue):服劳奉养,孝(xiao)(xiao)之(zhi)(zhi)小者(zhe);亏(kui)行辱亲,不(bu)(bu)孝(xiao)(xiao)之(zhi)(zhi)大(da)者(zhe)。小孝(xiao)(xiao)难赎大(da)不(bu)(bu)孝(xiao)(xiao),宜舍孝(xiao)(xiao)而(er)(er)(er)科其(qi)淫(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)曰(yue)(yue):孝(xiao)(xiao)大(da)德也(ye)(ye),非他恶(e)(e)所能(neng)掩;淫(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)大(da)罚也(ye)(ye),非他善(shan)所能(neng)赎。宜罪(zui)福(fu)(fu)各(ge)(ge)受其(qi)报(bao)。侧(ce)坐(zuo)者(zhe)罄(qing)折(zhe)请曰(yue)(yue):罪(zui)福(fu)(fu)相抵可乎(hu)?神(shen)(shen)(shen)掉(diao)首曰(yue)(yue):以(yi)(yi)淫(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)而(er)(er)(er)削(xue)孝(xiao)(xiao)之(zhi)(zhi)福(fu)(fu),是(shi)使(shi)人(ren)疑孝(xiao)(xiao)无(wu)(wu)福(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye);以(yi)(yi)孝(xiao)(xiao)而(er)(er)(er)免淫(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)罪(zui),是(shi)使(shi)人(ren)疑淫(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)无(wu)(wu)罪(zui)也(ye)(ye),相抵恐(kong)不(bu)(bu)可。一(yi)(yi)(yi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)隔坐(zuo)言(yan)曰(yue)(yue):以(yi)(yi)孝(xiao)(xiao)之(zhi)(zhi)故,虽至淫(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)加罪(zui),不(bu)(bu)使(shi)人(ren)愈知(zhi)(zhi)孝(xiao)(xiao)乎(hu)?以(yi)(yi)淫(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)故,虽孝(xiao)(xiao)而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)获福(fu)(fu),不(bu)(bu)使(shi)人(ren)愈戒(jie)淫(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)乎(hu)?相抵是(shi)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)沉思良久曰(yue)(yue):此事出入颇重(zhong)(zhong)大(da),请命于天(tian)曹可矣。语讫(qi)俱起,各(ge)(ge)命驾而(er)(er)(er)散。李故老吏闲案牍(du),阴记(ji)其(qi)语,反覆思之(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)决(jue)。不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)天(tian)曹作何判断也(ye)(ye)。

董曲江 言,邻县一(yi)嫠妇(fu),夏夜为盗(dao)撬窗入(ru),乘夜睡污(wu)之,醒而(er)惊呼(hu),则逸矣。愤恚病(bing)卒(zu),竟不得贼(zei)之主(zhu)名。越四载余(yu),忽(hu)村民(min)李(li)十雷(lei)震死,一(yi)妇(fu)合掌诵佛曰(yue):某妇(fu)之冤(yuan)雪矣。当其(qi)呼(hu)救之时,吾亲见李(li)十跃墙出,畏其(qi)悍而(er)不敢言也。

西城将军(jun)教场一宅(zhai),周兰坡学(xue)士尝居之(zhi)(zhi),夜或(huo)闻(wen)(wen)楼(lou)上吟哦声(sheng),知为狐(hu),弗讶也。及兰坡移家,狐(hu)亦他徒(tu)。后(hou)田(tian)白(bai)岩就居数(shu)月(yue),狐(hu)乃复(fu)归(gui),白(bai)岩祭以(yi)酒脯,并(bing)陈祝词(ci)(ci)于(yu)(yu)几曰:闻(wen)(wen)此(ci)(ci)蜗庐,曾(ceng)停鹤驭,复(fu)闻(wen)(wen)飘(piao)然(ran)远(yuan)引,似桑下浮图;鄙人匏系一官(guan),萍(ping)飘(piao)十(shi)载(zai),拮(jie)据称贷,卜此(ci)(ci)一监,数(shu)夕来(lai)(lai)(lai)盘(pan)笑微闻(wen)(wen),似仙舆复(fu)返,岂鄙人德薄,故(gu)尔见侵?抑夙有因缘,来(lai)(lai)(lai)兹聚处欤(yu)?既承惠顾,敢拒嘉宾。惟冀各(ge)守门庭,使幽明(ming)异路,庶(shu)均归(gui)宁谧;异苔不(bu)害于(yu)(yu)同岑,敬布腹(fu)心,伏惟鉴烛。次日(ri),楼(lou)前飘(piao)堕一帖云:仆虽异类,颇悦(yue)诗(shi)书。雅不(bu)欲与(yu)俗(su)客伍。此(ci)(ci)宅(zhai)数(shu)十(shi)年(nian)来(lai)(lai)(lai),皆词(ci)(ci)人栖息,惬所素(su)好(hao)。故(gu)挈族(zu)安(an)居,自兰坡先生(sheng)恝然(ran)舍我,后(hou)来(lai)(lai)(lai)居者(zhe),目不(bu)胜(sheng)(sheng)驵侩之(zhi)(zhi)容(rong),耳不(bu)胜(sheng)(sheng)歌(ge)吹(chui)之(zhi)(zhi)音(yin),鼻不(bu)胜(sheng)(sheng)酒肉之(zhi)(zhi)气,迫于(yu)(yu)无奈,窜迹(ji)山(shan)林。今闻(wen)(wen)先生(sheng)山(shan)虇(quan)之(zhi)(zhi)季子,文章(zhang)必(bi)有渊源。故(gu)望(wang)影(ying)来(lai)(lai)(lai)归(gui),非期相(xiang)扰(rao),自今以(yi)往,或(huo)检书獭祭,偶动(dong)芸(yun)签,借(jie)笔(bi)鸦(ya)涂,暂磨盦眼。此(ci)(ci)外如一毫陵犯,任先生(sheng)诉诸(zhu)明(ming)神,愿廓清襟,勿相(xiang)疑贰。末题康默(mo)顿首顿首。从(cong)此(ci)(ci)声(sheng)息不(bu)闻(wen)(wen)矣。白(bai)岩尝以(yi)此(ci)(ci)帖示客,斜行淡墨,似匆匆所书。或(huo)曰:白(bai)岩托(tuo)迹(ji)微官(guan),滑稽玩世(shi),故(gu)作(zuo)此(ci)(ci)以(yi)寄诙(hui)嘲,寓言十(shi)九(jiu),是或(huo)然(ran)欤(yu)?然(ran)此(ci)(ci)与(yu)李(li)庆子遇狐(hu)叟事(shi)大旨相(xiang)类,不(bu)应俗(su)人雅魅,迭见一时。又同出于(yu)(yu)山(shan)左,或(huo)李(li)因田(tian)事(shi)而(er)附会,或(huo)田(tian)因李(li)事(shi)而(er)推演(yan),均未可(ke)知。传闻(wen)(wen)异词(ci)(ci),姑存其砭世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)意而(er)已。

一故家子,以(yi)(yi)奢纵(zong)婴(ying)法网,殁(mo)后数年,亲串(chuan)中有(you)召仙者(zhe),忽附乩自(zi)道姓名(ming),且陈愧(kui)悔,既而复书曰:仆家法本严,仆之(zhi)罹祸,以(yi)(yi)太(tai)夫人(ren)(ren)(ren)过(guo)于溺(ni)爱,养成骄咨(zi)之(zhi)性(xing),故陷之(zhi)井而不(bu)知耳。虽然(ran)仆不(bu)怨(yuan)太(tai)夫人(ren)(ren)(ren),仆于过(guo)去(qu)生中负太(tai)夫人(ren)(ren)(ren)命,故今以(yi)(yi)爱之(zhi)者(zhe)杀(sha)之(zhi)。隐藏(zang)其冤(yuan),因果牵缠,非偶然(ran)也。观者(zhe)皆为太(tai)息(xi)。夫偿冤(yuan)而为逆(ni)子,古有(you)之(zhi)矣,偿冤(yuan)而为慈母,载籍之(zhi)所未睹(du)也。然(ran)据其所言,乃凿然(ran)中理。

宛平何华(hua)峰(feng),官宝(bao)庆同(tong)知时,山(shan)行(xing)疲(pi)困(kun),望水际一(yi)(yi)草庵(an),投之(zhi)暂憩,榜曰(yue)孤(gu)松庵(an),门(men)(men)联(lian)(lian)曰(yue):白鸟多情留我住,青山(shan)无(wu)语看人忙。有(you)老(lao)僧应门(men)(men),延入(ru)具茗(ming),颇香洁,而(er)落落无(wu)宾主意。室三楹,亦(yi)甚朴雅,中悬画佛一(yi)(yi)轴,有(you)八分书题(ti)曰(yue):半夜钟磬寂,满庭(ting)风露(lu)清(qing),琉璃(li)青黯(an)黯(an),静对古先生。不(bu)署姓名,印章(zhang)亦(yi)模糊(hu)不(bu)辨(bian)。旁一(yi)(yi)联(lian)(lian)曰(yue):花幽(you)防引蝶,云懒怯随(sui)风,亦(yi)不(bu)题(ti)款。指(zhi)问此师(shi)自(zi)题(ti)耶?漠然不(bu)应,以手(shou)指(zhi)耳(er)而(er)已。归(gui)途再过(guo)其地,则(ze)波光岚影,四顾萧(xiao)然,不(bu)见(jian)向庵(an)所在(zai),从人记(ji)(ji)遗(yi)烟筒一(yi)(yi)枝,寻之(zhi),尚(shang)在(zai)老(lao)柏下。竟不(bu)知是佛祖是鬼魅(mei)也。华(hua)峰(feng)画有(you)佛光示现卷,并自(zi)记(ji)(ji)始末甚悉。华(hua)峰(feng)殁后,想已云烟过(guo)眼矣。

族(zu)兄次辰言,其同年(nian)康熙甲午(wu)孝廉某,尝游嵩山,见女(nv)子汲溪水,试(shi)求(qiu)饮,欣然与一瓢,试(shi)问路,亦欣然指示,因共坐树下语,似(si)颇涉翰墨,不类田(tian)家妇,疑为狐魅,爱其娟秀,且(qie)相(xiang)款洽(qia)。女(nv)子忽(hu)振衣起(qi)曰(yue):危(wei)(wei)乎哉,吾(wu)几败。怪(guai)而诘之(zhi),赧(nan)然曰(yue):吾(wu)从师(shi)学(xue)道百(bai)余(yu)年(nian),自(zi)谓此心如止水,师(shi)曰(yue):汝能不起(qi)妄(wang)(wang)念耳,妄(wang)(wang)念故(gu)在(zai)也,不见可欲(yu)故(gu)不乱(luan),见则乱(luan)矣(yi)。平沙万顷中(zhong)留一粒草子,见雨即芽,汝魔障将至,明日(ri)试(shi)之(zhi)当自(zi)知。今果遇君,问答流连(lian),已微动一念,再片刻,则不自(zi)持矣(yi),危(wei)(wei)乎哉。吾(wu)几败。踊身一跃,直上木杪,瞥(pie)如飞鸟而去。

次辰又言,族祖征君公讳炅,康熙己未举博学鸿词,以天性疏放,恐妨游览,称疾不预试。尝至登州观海市,过一村塾小憩。见案上一旧端砚,背刻狂草十六字曰:万木萧森,路古山深,我坐其间,写上堵吟。侧书惜哉此叟四字,盖其号也。问所自来,塾师云村南林中有厉鬼,夜行者遇之辄病。一日众伺其出,持其杖击之,追至一墓而灭,因共发掘,于墓中得此砚,我以粟一斗易之也。按上堵吟乃孟达作,是必胜国旧臣,降而复叛,败窜山林以死者。生既进退无据,殁又不自潜藏,取暴骨之祸。真顽梗不灵之鬼哉。

查看更多纪昀 阅微草堂笔记资料
随机推荐
����ɣ����,�Ϻ�Ʒ����,�����������Ϻ���ǧ��,�Ϻ���ǧ��Ʒ��,�Ϻ���ǧ������ҹ�Ϻ���̳,�Ϻ�419��̳,ҹ�Ϻ�������̳