挖掘班级文化,营造良好班风
九江金(jin)安高级中学(xue) 廖志元
班级文化主要指班级内部形成的具有一定特色的思想观念和行为规范的总和,是一个班级内在素质和外在形象的集中体现。班级的文化建设对于中学生的教育和学习,成长和成才起着重要的不可估量的作用。学生对集体的归属感、凝聚力首先是表现在自己所在的班级里,因而班级文化建设,必然要摆在校园文化建设的重要位置上,成为校园文化建设的重要组成部分,而班主任则是自己所在班的(de)文化建设的(de)主要(yao)设计者和(he)实施者,要(yao)充分挖掘班级文化建设资源,营造良(liang)好班风。
一、给班级取个名字
高一(2)班的学生基础弱,底子薄,习惯差,在学习生活方面存在很多问题,千头万绪,作为班主任要正视这些问题,也必须解决这些问题。开学初,我叫学生为自己的班级取个名,由于种种原因,后来由我取了几个名叫学生民主表决确定为“潜龙”,“潜龙”的意思在座的都知道,它出自《周易》第一(yi)卦乾卦的(de)第一(yi)爻:“初九(jiu),潜龙(long)(long)勿用。”孔(kong)子解(jie)释说:“龙(long)(long)德而(er)隐(yin)者也(ye)。不(bu)(bu)易(yi)乎世(shi),不(bu)(bu)成乎名(ming)(ming)(ming)。遁(dun)世(shi)无闷(men),不(bu)(bu)见是(shi)(shi)而(er)无闷(men)。乐(le)则(ze)行之,忧则(ze)违之。确(que)乎其不(bu)(bu)可拔,潜龙(long)(long)也(ye)。”也(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)说:有龙(long)(long)美德的(de)而(er)隐(yin)居(ju)的(de)人(ren)。不(bu)(bu)为世(shi)俗的(de)好恶而(er)改变节操,不(bu)(bu)想出名(ming)(ming)(ming)。甘心隐(yin)居(ju)所以不(bu)(bu)感到烦恼,言行不(bu)(bu)被赞同也(ye)不(bu)(bu)感到苦闷(men)。合乎心意(yi)的(de)事就(jiu)做(zuo),令人(ren)忧虑的(de)事决不(bu)(bu)沾边(bian)。坚定而(er)不(bu)(bu)动(dong),这就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)潜伏的(de)巨龙(long)(long)啊!这个名(ming)(ming)(ming)字切合他(ta)们的(de)现状。定好名(ming)(ming)(ming)字后(hou),举行班(ban)级(ji)取(qu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)仪式(shi),我请来(lai)胡(hu)校长(zhang)为取(qu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)仪式(shi)题名(ming)(ming)(ming),胡(hu)校长(zhang)作(zuo)了热情洋溢的(de)讲(jiang)话,并(bing)为班(ban)上题辞(ci),仪式(shi)上学生(sheng)异常认真和激动(dong)。后(hou)来(lai)学生(sheng)们谈起这事还感到骄傲我自豪,觉得在潜龙(long)(long)班(ban)是(shi)(shi)件幸福的(de)事。
二、针(zhen)对班级特点,制定班训
班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)名有了(le)(le),接(jie)下来要(yao)(yao)(yao)做的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)如(ru)何让他们(men)真正成(cheng)(cheng)为一个整体,我(wo)与(yu)(yu)学(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)们(men)一起商量制(zhi)定班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)级(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)公约、班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)训(xun)、班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)风、学(xue)(xue)(xue)风、潜龙班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)精神(shen),比(bi)如(ru)我(wo)班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)训(xun)是(shi)“淡泊(bo)明志,宁静(jing)致远”,班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)级(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)精神(shen)是(shi)“不(bu)比(bi)阔(kuo)气比(bi)志气,不(bu)比(bi)基础比(bi)进(jin)步,不(bu)比(bi)聪明比(bi)勤奋(fen),不(bu)比(bi)现在比(bi)将来”,这些符合(he)(he)(he)班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)级(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)特点,又是(shi)一个整体。倡导(dao)积(ji)极向(xiang)(xiang)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)舆论(lun)导(dao)向(xiang)(xiang)。有了(le)(le)舆论(lun)导(dao)向(xiang)(xiang),还不(bu)能促进(jin)班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)级(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)健康(kang)发展,它需要(yao)(yao)(yao)相关(guan)制(zhi)度来维系,“没有规(gui)(gui)(gui)矩(ju),不(bu)成(cheng)(cheng)方(fang)圆(yuan)。”在一个班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)集体中,没有规(gui)(gui)(gui)矩(ju)是(shi)成(cheng)(cheng)不(bu)了(le)(le)方(fang)圆(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。那么(me)(me)这个所(suo)谓的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“规(gui)(gui)(gui)矩(ju)”又是(shi)什么(me)(me)呢?就是(shi)我(wo)们(men)所(suo)说的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)规(gui)(gui)(gui)。班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)规(gui)(gui)(gui)对一个班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)级(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)来说是(shi)很必(bi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),所(suo)以(yi)我(wo)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)学(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)遵守学(xue)(xue)(xue)校制(zhi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《学(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)管(guan)理(li)制(zhi)度》,要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)学(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)结(jie)合(he)(he)(he)《中学(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)守则(ze)》《中学(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)日常行(xing)(xing)为规(gui)(gui)(gui)范》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各项条款,同时结(jie)合(he)(he)(he)本班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)实(shi)际(ji)制(zhi)订出(chu)合(he)(he)(he)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)纪班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)规(gui)(gui)(gui)。当然制(zhi)订班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)规(gui)(gui)(gui)要(yao)(yao)(yao)有针对性,而且在制(zhi)订过(guo)程中必(bi)须体现民主化(hua),实(shi)施(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法又必(bi)须恰当,才能更有利于形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)文明的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)风、学(xue)(xue)(xue)风。因此我(wo)在制(zhi)订班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)纪班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)规(gui)(gui)(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)时候,要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)每(mei)位同学(xue)(xue)(xue)提三至五条建议,然后与(yu)(yu)班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)干部研(yan)究讨(tao)论(lun)出(chu)相应的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)奖(jiang)惩措施(shi),归纳整理(li)后再在全班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)公示,对于有异义的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)便(bian)进(jin)行(xing)(xing)合(he)(he)(he)理(li)修改(gai),公示之后就正式执行(xing)(xing)。为了(le)(le)增强学(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自我(wo)管(guan)理(li)意识,我(wo)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)值日干部始(shi)终坚持(chi)做好(hao)每(mei)一天的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)级(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)日志,记(ji)录每(mei)一天班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)级(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各种情况(kuang):如(ru)纪律、卫生(sheng)(sheng)情况(kuang)、好(hao)人(ren)好(hao)事及对班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)级(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意见和建议等(deng)。
三、精心布(bu)置,做到环(huan)境育人
环境(jing)有(you)(you)很强的(de)(de)育人功能,能起到(dao)无声(sheng)(sheng)胜有(you)(you)声(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)作用,目前学(xue)校的(de)(de)育人环境(jing)有(you)(you)很大的(de)(de)提升,教室给了班(ban)主任和学(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)很大的(de)(de)发挥空(kong)(kong)间(jian),但(dan)目前的(de)(de)教室,千篇一(yi)律,都是一(yi)个面孔:国旗、统一(yi)的(de)(de)班(ban)训、中学(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)守(shou)则、中学(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)日常行(xing)为(wei)规(gui)范、古(gu)老的(de)(de)名人名言,古(gu)板(ban)而又令人倦怠。本(ben)学(xue)期,叫学(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)利(li)用教室墙壁(bi)的(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)白布置(zhi)教室,让(rang)班(ban)训等上墙,既(ji)随时提醒学(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),激(ji)励学(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),又美化了教室,还(hai)发展学(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能力,一(yi)举多得(de)。这是班(ban)级文(wen)(wen)化建设的(de)(de)一(yi)个大空(kong)(kong)间(jian),有(you)(you)大文(wen)(wen)章可(ke)作,有(you)(you)大潜能可(ke)挖。
四、充分(fen)利用黑板报这一宣传(chuan)主阵地(di)
黑(hei)板报能起到教育学(xue)生(sheng),惩恶(e)扬善的(de)作用,也是(shi)一(yi)(yi)个(ge)发(fa)挥学(xue)生(sheng)才能的(de)大舞台(tai)。每个(ge)班级(ji)都(dou)有(you)的(de),但往(wang)往(wang)没有(you)利(li)用,把它当(dang)成累(lei)赘,例行公事,学(xue)校布置了任务就出,内容严格按(an)要(yao)(yao)求来。班主任应充分(fen)利(li)用这(zhei)块板,按(an)自己的(de)要(yao)(yao)求来,结合班级(ji)动态,及时出黑(hei)板报,班级(ji)取名(ming)时,我叫宣(xuan)传委员出了一(yi)(yi)期跟这(zhei)名(ming)字有(you)关内容的(de)黑(hei)板报,中国著(zhu)名(ming)作家史(shi)铁生(sheng)逝世,我搜集(ji)他《病隙碎笔(bi)》片断。如:“生(sheng)病也是(shi)生(sheng)活体(ti)验之一(yi)(yi)种,甚或算得一(yi)(yi)项别开生(sheng)面的(de)游历。这(zhei)游历当(dang)然是(shi)有(you)风(feng)险,但去大河上漂流(liu)就安全(quan)吗?