朱晓(xiao)进《语言变革影(ying)响(xiang)中(zhong)国(guo)现代文学形式的发展》高考议(yi)论(lun)文阅(yue)读(du)题及答案
同诗歌、散文、戏剧一样,对于中国现代小说形式发展的评价,离不开五四初期的语言变革对于中国现代小说由传统向现代转换的决定性意义这个“基点”。每次语言变迁都带来中国现代小说形式的发展和变化。初期现代小说对各种语言资源的综合,直接推动了中国现代小说写实性、抒情性、象征性等原则的确立,孕育了中国现代小说的诗化、散文化等美学风格,也使得现代小说的复调叙述成为可能;政治文化语境下语言方式的变动,推动了小说形式的进一步发展,“小说语言的政治化”带来的“标语口号”、“概述”、“讽刺”、“直语”等特点,也在一定程度上给小说文体带来“审美危机”,而作为对政治语言的反援,又是小说发展了限制性语态、隐喻和幽默修辞封个等文(wen)体(ti)表现形(xing)(xing)式;30年代(dai)新(xin)媒体(ti)影(ying)响下的语言(yan)(yan)(yan)变迁(qian),催生(sheng)了新(xin)的小(xiao)说(shuo)语言(yan)(yan)(yan)方式,带(dai)来了现代(dai)都市新(xin)小(xiao)说(shuo)的形(xing)(xing)式,如跳跃(yue)的小(xiao)说(shuo)节(jie)奏、画报体(ti)小(xiao)说(shuo)、电影(ying)化(hua)小(xiao)说(shuo)等形(xing)(xing)式的发展;40年代(dai)小(xiao)说(shuo)语言(yan)(yan)(yan)的“口语化(hua)”,带(dai)来了小(xiao)说(shuo)形(xing)(xing)式的戏剧化(hua)追求,推动了章回体(ti)等传统小(xiao)说(shuo)形(xing)(xing)式的再利用和(he)再发展。
从(cong)语(yu)(yu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)变迁与(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国现代文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)学形式(shi)演进(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角度(du),不仅可以准确评价(jia)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国现代文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)学形式(shi)发展中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)得与(yu)(yu)失,也(ye)能更加(jia)客观地评价(jia)同样作(zuo)(zuo)为语(yu)(yu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)艺术的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国古(gu)典(dian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)学,重(zhong)新(xin)来看待和(he)审视文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之于文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)学形式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)(yi)义。新(xin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)运动(dong)提倡(chang)者从(cong)当时(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)发展大目(mu)标出(chu)发,反对(dui)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen),提倡(chang)白(bai)话(hua)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen),完成(cheng)了(le)白(bai)话(hua)语(yu)(yu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)确立,这种历(li)史功绩自然不能抹杀(sha)。但(dan)当年有(you)许多学者对(dui)五(wu)四(si)语(yu)(yu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)革命中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)彻底丢弃文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)观念和(he)实践持保留(liu)态度(du),他们的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)论、思考和(he)忧虑中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合理成(cheng)分,随着时(shi)间的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推移也(ye)在(zai)(zai)被人(ren)们重(zhong)新(xin)认识。时(shi)过(guo)境迁,尤其是(shi)在(zai)(zai)冷(leng)静面对(dui)白(bai)话(hua)语(yu)(yu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)给(ji)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)学带来的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一些困(kun)境时(shi),在(zai)(zai)追(zhui)寻白(bai)话(hua)语(yu)(yu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“艺术化(hua)”加(jia)工过(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),当年新(xin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)运动(dong)提倡(chang)者事后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反思性意(yi)(yi)见(jian),与(yu)(yu)五(wu)四(si)白(bai)话(hua)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)运动(dong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以“学衡(heng)”为代表(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反对(dui)派(pai)意(yi)(yi)见(jian),在(zai)(zai)语(yu)(yu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)与(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)学关系问题的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)许多认识上(shang)有(you)着惊(jing)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一致。而且很(hen)多现代文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)学史上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)代表(biao)性作(zuo)(zuo)家在(zai)(zai)创作(zuo)(zuo)实践中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),在(zai)(zai)各类(lei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)学文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)本(ben)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)写(xie)作(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),也(ye)吸收了(le)大量文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)因素和(he)成(cheng)分,甚至创作(zuo)(zuo)了(le)大量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)诗词,其造(zao)诣也(ye)是(shi)很(hen)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。这不仅证明(ming)了(le)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)作(zuo)(zuo)为文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)学语(yu)(yu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生命力,并未(wei)因白(bai)话(hua)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兴(xing)起(qi)而消失,而且也(ye)表(biao)明(ming):事实上(shang)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)也(ye)参与(yu)(yu)了(le)语(yu)(yu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)变迁与(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国现代文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)学形式(shi)演进(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)过(guo)程。
(所选文段有删改)
8.下列说法符合(he)原文(wen)意(yi)思(si)的一项是
A.对各种语言资源的综合运用(yong)孕育了(le)(le)中国现代小说诗化、散文化等美学(xue)风格,进而推动了(le)(le)写实性、抒情性、象征性等原则(ze)的确立。
B.“小(xiao)(xiao)说(shuo)(shuo)语言的(de)政(zheng)治化”虽然在一(yi)定程度(du)上给(ji)中国现代小(xiao)(xiao)说(shuo)(shuo)文体带来“审美危机”,但客观(guan)上仍然起到了推动小(xiao)(xiao)说(shuo)(shuo)形式(shi)发展的(de)作用。
C.在五四(si)白话文运动中,“学(xue)(xue)衡”一派对中国古(gu)典文学(xue)(xue)色语言艺术持否(fou)定态度,但并不是(shi)所有学(xue)(xue)者都支持彻底(di)抛弃文言文的极端(duan)做(zuo)法。
D.冲语言(yan)变革(ge)的(de)角度研究中国现(xian)代文(wen)(wen)学形式的(de)发(fa)展,其最重(zhong)要的(de)意义在于重(zhong)新看(kan)待和审视文(wen)(wen)言(yan)文(wen)(wen)对(dui)文(wen)(wen)学形式的(de)重(zhong)大价值。
9.从内容(rong)出发,最适(shi)合做选(xuan)文标(biao)题(ti)的一项是(shi)
A.中国现代(dai)小说形式(shi)的发展历程
B.中(zhong)国(guo)现(xian)代文(wen)学形式发展的得与失
C.语(yu)言(yan)变革影响中国现代文学(xue)形式的(de)发展
D .中国现代(dai)小说(shuo)形式的发展深受语言变迁(qian)的影响(xiang)
10.根据(ju)相关内容,用自己的语言指出(chu)文(wen)言在中国现(xian)代文(wen)学形(xing)式发展(zhan)中的两点作用。(3分)
参考答案:
8.【答案】B
9.【答案】C 【解析】本文主要讲语言的发展,语言的变革对各个方面的影响,A主要讲“中国现代小说”;B主要讲“中国现代文学”;D主要讲“中国现代小说”,都不符合文意。故C合适。