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纪昀《阅微草堂笔记》卷二十二 滦阳续录四 在线阅读

[移动版] 作者:纪昀

里有(you)一(yi)(yi)士(shi)(shi)者,矫(jiao)捷多力(li),兼习技击(ji)超距(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)术,两三丈之(zhi)(zhi)高,可翩然(ran)上,两三丈之(zhi)(zhi)阔,可翩然(ran)越也。余幼时犹(you)及(ji)(ji)见之(zhi)(zhi),尝(chang)求睹其技,使余立(li)(li)一(yi)(yi)过厅中,余面(mian)(mian)向前门,则(ze)立(li)(li)前门外,面(mian)(mian)相(xiang)对,余转面(mian)(mian)后门,则(ze)立(li)(li)后门外面(mian)(mian)相(xiang)对,如(ru)是(shi)者七八度。盖一(yi)(yi)跃即飞(fei),过屋脊耳。后过杜林镇(zhen),遇一(yi)(yi)友(you)(you),邀饮桥畔酒肆中,酒酣,共(gong)立(li)(li)河岸(an),友(you)(you)曰:能越此乎?一(yi)(yi)士(shi)(shi)应声耸身(shen)过,友(you)(you)招使还(hai),应声又至(zhi)。足甫及(ji)(ji)岸(an),不(bu)虞(yu)岸(an)已将圮,近水(shui)(shui)陡立(li)(li)处(chu)开裂有(you)纹,一(yi)(yi)士(shi)(shi)未见误踏其上,岸(an)崩二尺许(xu),遂随之(zhi)(zhi)坠(zhui)河,顺流而(er)去。素(su)不(bu)习水(shui)(shui),但从(cong)波心(xin)(xin)踊起数(shu)尺,能直上而(er)不(bu)能旁近岸(an),仍坠(zhui)水(shui)(shui)中,如(ru)是(shi)数(shu)四,力(li)尽竟溺(ni)焉。盖天下之(zhi)(zhi)患,莫大于(yu)有(you)所(suo)恃(shi)。恃(shi)财(cai)者终以财(cai)败(bai),恃(shi)势者终以势败(bai),恃(shi)智(zhi)者终以智(zhi)败(bai),恃(shi)力(li)者终以力(li)败(bai)。有(you)所(suo)恃(shi),则(ze)敢于(yu)蹈险故也。田(tian)侯松(song)岩于(yu)滦阳(yang)买一(yi)(yi)劳山杖(zhang),自题(ti)诗曰:月(yue)夕(xi)花晨伴我行,路(lu)当坦处(chu)亦防倾,敢因恃(shi)尔(er)心(xin)(xin)无(wu)虑(lv),便向崎(qi)区步不(bu)平(ping)。斯(si)真阅历之(zhi)(zhi)言,可贵(gui)而(er)佩者矣。

沧洲(zhou)憩水井(jing),有老尼(ni)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)慧师(shi)(shi)父(fu),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)为(wei)(wei)号,亦(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)是此(ci)慧字否(fou),但(dan)相(xiang)沿呼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)云尔(er)。余(yu)(yu)幼(you)时,尝(chang)见(jian)其(qi)(qi)出(chu)入外祖(zu)张公(gong)(gong)家(jia),戒(jie)律谨严,并糖不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)食(shi)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):糖亦(yi)(yi)(yi)猪(zhu)脂所(suo)点成也。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)衣(yi)裘,曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):寝皮与食(shi)肉同也。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)衣(yi)绸绢,曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):一(yi)(yi)(yi)尺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)帛,千(qian)蚕(can)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)命也。供佛(fo)(fo)面筋,必自制(zhi),曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):市(shi)中(zhong)皆以(yi)足踏也。焚(fen)香(xiang)必敲石取(qu)火(huo),曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):灶(zao)火(huo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)洁也。清斋一(yi)(yi)(yi)食(shi),取(qu)足自给,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)营营募化。外祖(zu)家(jia)一(yi)(yi)(yi)仆妇,以(yi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)布(bu)(bu)为(wei)(wei)施(shi),尼(ni)熟视识之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):布(bu)(bu)施(shi)须用己(ji)财,方为(wei)(wei)功德。宅(zhai)中(zhong)为(wei)(wei)失(shi)此(ci)布(bu)(bu),笞小婢数人(ren)(ren),佛(fo)(fo)岂(qi)受(shou)如(ru)此(ci)物耶(ye)?妇以(yi)情告,曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):初谓布(bu)(bu)有数十疋,未必一(yi)(yi)(yi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)细检,故(gu)偶取(qu)其(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)(yi),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)料(liao)累人(ren)(ren)受(shou)捶(chui)楚,日相(xiang)诅咒,心(xin)实不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)安,故(gu)布(bu)(bu)施(shi)求忏(chan)罪(zui)耳。尼(ni)掷还之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):然则(ze)何不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)密送原(yuan)处,人(ren)(ren)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)得白,汝亦(yi)(yi)(yi)自安耶(ye)?后妇死数年(nian)(nian),其(qi)(qi)弟子(zi)乃泄其(qi)(qi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),故(gu)人(ren)(ren)得知(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。乾隆(long)甲戌乙亥间,年(nian)(nian)已七八十矣(yi),忽过余(yu)(yu)家(jia),云将(jiang)诣潭(tan)柘寺礼佛(fo)(fo),为(wei)(wei)小尼(ni)受(shou)戒(jie)。余(yu)(yu)偶话(hua)前(qian)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),摇(yao)首曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):实无(wu)(wu)(wu)此(ci)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),小妖(yao)尼(ni)饶舌(she)耳。相(xiang)与叹其(qi)(qi)忠厚。临行(xing)(xing)(xing),索余(yu)(yu)题佛(fo)(fo)殿一(yi)(yi)(yi)额,余(yu)(yu)属赵春涧代书。合掌曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):谁书即(ji)乞题谁名,佛(fo)(fo)前(qian)勿作诳(kuang)语,为(wei)(wei)易赵名,乃持去,后不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)再来。近问(wen)沧洲(zhou)人(ren)(ren),无(wu)(wu)(wu)识之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)矣(yi)。又(you)景城(cheng)天齐庙(miao)(miao)(miao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)僧(seng),住持果(guo)成之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)第三弟子(zi),士人(ren)(ren)敬(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),无(wu)(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)称曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)三师(shi)(shi)父(fu),遂佚其(qi)(qi)名,果(guo)成弟子(zi)颇不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)肖,多散而(er)托钵四(si)方,惟(wei)此(ci)僧(seng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)坠宗风,无(wu)(wu)(wu)大刹(cha)知(zhi)(zhi)客市(shi)井(jing)气,亦(yi)(yi)(yi)无(wu)(wu)(wu)法(fa)座禅师(shi)(shi)骄贵气,戒(jie)律精苦,虽千(qian)里(li)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)打包徒步(bu),从不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)乘(cheng)车(che)马。先兄晴湖,尝(chang)遇(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)途,苦邀同车(che),终不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)肯(ken)也。官(guan)吏至(zhi)(zhi)庙(miao)(miao)(miao),待之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼无(wu)(wu)(wu)加。田夫野老至(zhi)(zhi)庙(miao)(miao)(miao),待之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)减(jian)。多布(bu)(bu)施(shi),少布(bu)(bu)施(shi),无(wu)(wu)(wu)布(bu)(bu)施(shi),待之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼如(ru)一(yi)(yi)(yi)。禅诵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)余(yu)(yu),惟(wei)端坐一(yi)(yi)(yi)室,入其(qi)(qi)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)如(ru)无(wu)(wu)(wu)人(ren)(ren)者(zhe),其(qi)(qi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)如(ru)是焉(yan)而(er)已。然里(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)男妇,无(wu)(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):三师(shi)(shi)父(fu)道行(xing)(xing)(xing)清高。及问(wen)其(qi)(qi)道行(xing)(xing)(xing)安在,清高安在,则(ze)茫然不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能应。其(qi)(qi)所(suo)以(yi)感动人(ren)(ren)心(xin),正不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)何故(gu)矣(yi)。尝(chang)以(yi)问(wen)姚安公(gong)(gong),公(gong)(gong)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):据尔(er)所(suo)见(jian),有不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)清不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)高处耶(ye)?无(wu)(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)清不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)高,即(ji)清高矣(yi)。尔(er)必欲(yu)锡飞(fei)杯渡为(wei)(wei)善知(zhi)(zhi)识耶(ye)?此(ci)一(yi)(yi)(yi)尼(ni)一(yi)(yi)(yi)僧(seng),亦(yi)(yi)(yi)彼(bi)法(fa)中(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)独行(xing)(xing)(xing)者(zhe)矣(yi)。三师(shi)(shi)父(fu)涅盘不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)久,其(qi)(qi)名当(dang)有人(ren)(ren)知(zhi)(zhi)。俟见(jian)乡试诸(zhu)孙辈,使归而(er)询之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)中(zhong)。

九(jiu)州之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da),奸(jian)(jian)(jian)盗(dao)事无(wu)地无(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),亦无(wu)日(ri)(ri)无(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),均不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)为(wei)异也(ye)。至盗(dao)而(er)稍别于(yu)盗(dao),究(jiu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盗(dao),奸(jian)(jian)(jian)而(er)稍别于(yu)奸(jian)(jian)(jian),究(jiu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)奸(jian)(jian)(jian),斯(si)为(wei)异矣。盗(dao)而(er)人(ren)(ren)许遂(sui)其(qi)盗(dao),奸(jian)(jian)(jian)而(er)人(ren)(ren)许遂(sui)其(qi)奸(jian)(jian)(jian),斯(si)更异矣。乃(nai)(nai)(nai)又相触立(li)(li)发(fa),相牵立(li)(li)息(xi),发(fa)如(ru)鼎(ding)沸,息(xi)如(ru)电掣,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)尤异之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)异乎?舅氏安公五章言,有(you)(you)(you)中年失(shi)偶(ou)者(zhe)(zhe),已有(you)(you)(you)子(zi)(zi)矣,复(fu)买一(yi)有(you)(you)(you)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妇(fu),幸(xing)控制有(you)(you)(you)术,犹可(ke)(ke)相安。既而(er)是人(ren)(ren)死,平日(ri)(ri)私蓄(xu),悉在(zai)此(ci)(ci)妇(fu)手,其(qi)子(zi)(zi)微闻而(er)索之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),事无(wu)佐证(zheng),妇(fu)弗承也(ye)。后侦(zhen)知(zhi)其(qi)藏贮处(chu),乃(nai)(nai)(nai)夜中穴壁入(ru)室,方开箧携出(chu),妇(fu)觉,大(da)号(hao)有(you)(you)(you)贼,家众惊起,各持械(xie)入(ru),其(qi)子(zi)(zi)仓(cang)皇从(cong)穴出(chu),迎击之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)立(li)(li)踣,即从(cong)穴入(ru)搜余盗(dao),闻床下喘息(xi)有(you)(you)(you)声,群呼尚有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)贼,共曳(ye)出(chu)絷缚,比灯(deng)至审视,则破(po)额昏仆(pu)者(zhe)(zhe)其(qi)子(zi)(zi),床下乃(nai)(nai)(nai)其(qi)故夫(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)。其(qi)子(zi)(zi)醒后,与妇(fu)各执(zhi)一(yi)词,子(zi)(zi)云子(zi)(zi)取父财(cai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)为(wei)盗(dao),妇(fu)云妻归(gui)前(qian)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)为(wei)奸(jian)(jian)(jian),子(zi)(zi)云前(qian)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)可(ke)(ke)再合而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)私会,妇(fu)云父财(cai)可(ke)(ke)索取而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)穿窬。互(hu)相诟谇,势不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)相下。次(ci)日(ri)(ri),族党密议,谓涉讼(song)两败,徒玷(dian)门风(feng),乃(nai)(nai)(nai)阴为(wei)调(diao)停,使尽(jin)留金(jin)与其(qi)子(zi)(zi),而(er)听妇(fu)自归(gui)故夫(fu)(fu)(fu),其(qi)难乃(nai)(nai)(nai)平。然已鼓钟于(yu)宫,声闻于(yu)外矣。先(xian)叔仪南(nan)公曰:此(ci)(ci)事巧于(yu)相值,天也(ye);所以致有(you)(you)(you)此(ci)(ci)事,则人(ren)(ren)也(ye)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)纳此(ci)(ci)有(you)(you)(you)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妇(fu),子(zi)(zi)何由而(er)盗(dao),妇(fu)何由而(er)奸(jian)(jian)(jian)哉。彼所恃者(zhe)(zhe),力能(neng)驾(jia)(jia)驭(yu)(yu)耳(er)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)能(neng)驾(jia)(jia)驭(yu)(yu)于(yu)生前(qian),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)驾(jia)(jia)驭(yu)(yu)于(yu)身后也(ye)。

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