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孟子注疏卷五下·滕文公章句上

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卷五下·滕文公章句上

有为神农之言者许行,自楚之滕,踵门而告文公曰:“远方之人,闻君行仁政,愿受一廛而为氓。”(神农,三皇之君,炎帝神农氏。许,姓;行,名也。治为神农之道者。踵,至也。廛,居也。自称远方之人,愿为氓。氓,野人也。)
  文公与之处。其徒数十人皆衣褐,捆屦、织席以为食。(文公与之居。处,舍之宅也。其徒,学其业者也。衣褐,贫也。捆犹叩也,织屦欲使坚,故叩之也。卖屦席以供饮食也。)
  陈良之徒陈相与其弟辛,负耒耜而自宋之滕,曰:“闻君行圣人之政,是亦圣人也。愿为圣人氓。”(陈良,儒者也。陈相,良之门徒也。辛,相弟。圣人之政,谓仁政也。)
  陈相见许行而大悦,尽弃其学而学焉。(弃陈良之儒道,更学许行神农之道也。)
  陈相见孟子,道许行之言,曰:“滕君则诚贤君也。虽然,未闻道也。(陈相言许行以为滕君未达至道也。)
  贤者与民并耕而食,饔飧而治。今也滕有仓廪府库,则是厉民而以自养也,恶得贤?(相言许子以为古贤君当与民并耕而各自食其力。饔飧,熟食也。朝曰饔,夕曰飧。当身自具其食,兼治民事耳。今滕赋税有仓廪府库之富,是为厉病其民以自奉养,安得为贤君乎?三皇之时,质朴无事,故道若此者也。)
  孟子曰:“许子必种粟而后食乎?”(问:许子必自身种粟乃食之邪?)
  曰:“然。”(相曰:然,许子自种之。)
  “许子必织布然后衣乎?”(孟子曰:许子自织布然后衣之乎?)
  曰:“否。许子衣褐。”(相曰:不自织布,许子衣褐。以毳织之,若今马衣也。或曰:褐,衣也。一曰粗布衣也。)
  “许子冠乎?”(孟子问相冠乎?)
  曰:“冠。”(相曰:冠也。)
  曰:“奚冠?”(孟子问:许子何冠也?)
  曰:“冠素。”(相曰:许子冠素。)
  曰:“自织之与?”(孟子曰:许子自织素与?)
  曰:“否。以粟易之。”(相言许子以粟易素)
  曰:“许子奚为不自织?”(曰:许子自织素乎?)
  曰:“害于耕。”(相曰:织纺害于耕,故不自织也。)
  曰:“许子以釜甑爨,以铁耕乎?”(爨,炊也。孟子曰:许子宁以釜甑炊食,以铁为犁用之耕否邪?)
  曰:“然。”(相曰:用之。)
  “自为之与?”(孟子曰:许子自冶铁陶瓦器邪?)
  曰:“否,以粟易之。”(相曰:不自作铁瓦,以粟易之也。)
  “以粟易械器者,不为厉陶冶;陶冶亦以械器易粟者,岂为厉农夫哉?且许子何不为陶冶,舍皆取诸其宫中而用之,何为纷纷然与百工交易,何许子之不惮烦?”(械,器之总名也。厉,病也。以粟易器,不病陶冶,陶冶亦何以为病农夫乎?且许子何为不自陶冶。舍者,止也。止不肯皆自取之其宫宅中而用之,何为反与百工交易,纷纷而为之烦也。)
  曰:“百工之事,固不可耕且为也。”(相曰:“百工之事,固不可耕且为,故交易也。)
  “然则治天下独可耕且为与?(孟子言百工各为其事,尚不可得耕且兼之。人君自天子以下,当治天下政事,此反可耕且为邪?欲以穷许行之非滕君不亲耕也。孟子谓五帝以来,有礼义上下之事,不得复若三皇之道也,言许子不知礼者也。)
  有大人之事,有小人之事。且一人之身而百工之所为备,如必自为而后用之,是率天下而路也。(孟子言人道自有大人之事,谓人君行教化也。小人之事,谓农工商也。一人而备百工之所作,作之乃得用之者,是率导天下人以羸之路也。)
  故曰或劳心,或劳力。劳心者治人,劳力者治于人。治于人者食人,治人者食于人,天下之通义也。(劳心,君也。劳力,民也。君施教以治理之,民竭力治公田以奉养其上,天下通义,所常行者也。)
  当尧之时,天下犹未平,洪水横流,泛滥于天下,草木畅茂,禽兽繁殖,五不登,禽兽逼人,兽蹄鸟迹之道交于中国。尧独忧之,举舜而敷治焉。(遭洪水,故天下未平。水盛,故草木畅茂。草木盛,故禽兽繁息众多也。登,升也,五不足升用也。猛兽之迹,当在山林,而反交于中国,惧害人。故尧独忧念之。敷,治也。《书》曰:“禹敷土。”是言治其土也。)
  舜使益掌火,益烈山泽而焚之,禽兽逃匿。(掌,主也。主火之官,犹古之火正也。烈,炽。益视山泽草木炽者而焚之,故禽兽逃匿而奔走远窜也。)
  禹疏九河,瀹济、漯而注诸海,决汝、汉,排淮、泗而注之江,然后中国可得而食也。当是时也,禹八年于外,三过其门而不入,虽欲耕,得乎?(疏,通也。瀹,治也。排,壅也。于是水害除,故中国之地,可得耕而食也。禹勤事于外,八年之中,三过其门而不入。《书》曰:“辛壬癸甲,启呱呱而泣。”如此,宁可得耕也?)
  后稷教民稼穑,树艺五。五熟而民人育。(弃为后稷也。树,种。艺,殖也。五谓稻、黍、稷、麦、菽也。五所以养人也,故言民人育也。)
  人之有道也,饱食暖衣,逸居而无教,则近于禽兽。圣人有忧之,使契为司徒,教以人伦:父子有亲,君臣有义,夫妇有别,长幼有叙,朋友有信。(司徒主人,教以人事。父父子子,君君臣臣,夫夫妇妇,兄兄弟弟,朋友贵信,是为契之所教也。)
  放勋曰:劳之来之,匡之直之,辅之翼之,使自得之,又从而振德之。(放勋,尧号也。遭水灾恐其小民放僻邪侈,故劳来之。匡正直其曲心,使自得其本善性,然后又从而振其羸穷,加德惠也。)
  圣人之忧民如此,而暇耕乎!(重喻陈相。)
  尧以不得舜为己忧,舜以不得禹、皋陶为己忧。夫以百亩之不易为己忧者,农夫也。分人以财谓之惠,教人以善谓之忠,为天下得人者谓之仁。(言圣人以不得贤圣之臣为己忧,农夫以百亩不易治为己忧。)
  是故以天下与人易,为天下得人难。(为天下求能治天下者难得也,故言以天下传与人尚为易也。)
  孔子曰:‘大哉尧之为君,惟天为大,惟尧则之,荡荡乎民无能名焉。君哉舜也,巍巍乎有天下而不与焉。’尧舜之治天下,岂无所用其心哉,亦不用于耕耳。(天道荡荡乎大无私,生万物而不知其所由来,尧法天,故民无能名尧德者也。舜得人君之道哉,德盛而巍巍乎,有天下之位,虽贵盛,不能与益舜。巍巍之德,言德之大,大于天子位也。尧、舜荡荡巍巍如此,但不用心于躬自耕也。)
  吾闻用夏变夷者,未闻变于夷者也。(当以诸夏之礼义化变蛮夷之人耳,未闻变化于夷蛮之人,同其道也。)
  陈良,楚产也,悦周公、仲尼之道,北学于中国,北方之学者,未能或之先也,彼所谓豪杰之士也。子之兄弟事之数十年,师死而遂倍之。(陈良生于楚,北游中国,学者不能有先之也,所谓豪杰过人之士也。子之兄弟,谓陈相、陈辛也,数十年师事陈良,良死而倍之,更学于许行,非之也。)
  昔者孔子没,三年之外,门人治任将,归入揖于子贡,相向而哭,皆失声,然后归。子贡反,筑室于场,独居三年,然后归。(任,担也。失声,悲不能成声。场,孔子冢上祭祀坛场也。子贡独于场左右筑室,复三年,慎终追远也。)
  他日,子夏、子张、子游以有若似圣人,欲以所事孔子事之。强曾子,曾子曰:‘不可,江汉以濯之,秋阳以暴之,皓皓乎不可尚已!’(有若之貌似孔子,此三子者,思孔子而不可复见,故欲尊有若以作圣人,朝夕奉事之礼,如事孔子,以慰思也。曾子不肯,以为圣人之洁白,如濯之江汉,暴之秋阳。秋阳,周之秋,夏之五、六月盛阳也。皓皓,白甚也。何可尚而乃欲以有若之质于圣人之坐席乎?尊师道,故不肯也。)
  今也南蛮舌之人,非先王之道,子倍子之师而学之,亦异于曾子矣。吾闻出于幽谷、迁于乔木者,未闻下乔木而入于幽谷者。(今此许行乃南楚蛮夷,其舌之恶如鸟耳。,博劳鸟也。《诗》云:“七月鸣。”应阴而杀物者也。许子托于太古,非先圣王尧舜之之道,不务仁义,而欲使君臣并耕,伤害道德,恶如舌,与曾子之心亦异远也。人当出深谷,止乔木。今子反下乔木,入于幽谷。)
  《鲁颂》曰:‘戎狄是膺,荆舒是惩。’周公方且膺之,子是之学,亦为不善变矣!”(《诗·鲁颂·宫》之篇也。膺,击也。惩,艾也。周家时击戎狄之不善者,惩止荆、舒之人,使不敢侵陵也。周公常欲击之,言南蛮之人难用,而子反悦是人而学其道,亦为不善变更矣。孟子究陈此者,所以责陈相也。)
  “从许子之道,则市贾不贰,国中无伪。虽使五尺之童市,莫之或欺。布帛长短同,则贾相若;麻缕丝絮轻重同,则贾相若;五多寡同,则贾相若;屦大小同,则贾相若。”(陈相复为孟子言此,如使从许子淳朴之道,可使市无二价,不相为诈,不相欺愚小也。长短谓丈尺,轻重谓斤两,多寡谓斗石,大小谓尺寸,皆言同价,故曰市无二价者也。)
  曰:“夫物之不齐,物之情也。或相倍蓰,或相什百,或相千万,子比而同之,是乱天下也。巨屦小屦同贾,人岂为之哉?从许子之道,相率而为伪者也。恶能治国家?”(孟子曰:夫万物好丑异贾,精粗异功,其不齐同,乃物之情性也。蓰,五倍也。什,十倍也。至于千万相倍。譬若和氏之璧,虽与凡玉之璧尺寸厚薄等,其价岂可同哉简子欲以大小相比而同之,则使天下有争乱之道也。巨,粗屦也,小,细屦也。如使同价而卖之,人岂肯作其细哉!时许子教人伪者耳,安能治其国家者也。)
  

[疏]“有为神农之言”至“恶能治国家”。
  ○正义曰:此章指言神农务本,教以凡民。许子蔽道,同之君臣。陈相倍师,降于幽谷,不理万情,谓之淳朴。是以孟子博陈尧、舜上下之叙以匡之也。“有为神农者许行”至“愿受一廛而为氓”者,神农,炎帝氏也。许行,南蛮之人也,姓许名行也,自楚蛮之地往滕国,至门而言,告于文公曰:我是远方楚蛮之人,闻滕君行仁政于此,我今所以来至,心愿受一廛居之,以为之氓也。氓,野人之称,已说在《孙丑》篇。“文公与之处,其徒数十人皆衣褐,捆屦织席以为食”,言文公乃与许行之居而处之,其许行之徒弟有数十人,皆衣短褐,叩扌豕织屦席以供其饮食也。“陈良之徒陈相与其弟辛”至“愿为圣人氓”,陈良,儒者也,陈相与其陈辛二人皆陈良徒弟也,言陈良徒弟陈相与其弟辛背负其耒耜,而从宋国往滕国,而向滕君曰:我闻知君行圣人之政事,是为圣人者也,今愿为圣人之氓。“陈相见许行而大悦,尽弃其学而学焉”,言陈相至滕,乃见许行而大悦乐之,遂尽弃去陈良之儒学,而就学于许行之道。“陈相见孟子,道许行之言,曰”至“恶得其贤”,言陈相后见孟子,乃道许行之言。曰滕君则诚为贤君者也,虽然,未闻至道也。古之贤君,乃与民同耕而食,饔飧而兼治政事。朝食曰饔,夕曰飧。今也滕君乃取财税而有仓廪府库之富,则是厉病其民以自奉养也,安得谓之贤君乎?仓廪,《释名》曰:“仓,藏也,藏物也。”廪,仓有屋曰廪。“孟子问许子必种粟而后食乎,曰然”,陈相答之,以为许行是自种而后食也。“许子必织布然后衣乎”,孟子又问许子必自织布然后衣乎。“曰:许子子衣褐”,陈相答之,许子不自纺织其布为衣,以其即著布也。“许子冠乎”,孟子问:许子戴冠乎?“曰冠”,陈相答之,许子戴冠也。“曰奚冠”,孟子又问许子戴何冠。“曰冠素”,陈相答之,许子冠以素为之尔。素,乌也。“曰自织之欤”,孟子又问许子以素为冠,其自织之欤?“曰否,以粟易之”,陈相答之,许子不自织为冠,以粟更易之而已。“曰:许子奚为不自织”,孟子又问许子何为而不自织为之乎?“曰害于耕”,陈相答之,以谓许子不自织为之也。以其自织者斯害于耕也。“曰:许子以釜甑爨,以铁耕乎”,孟子又问许子宁以釜甑炊食、以铁为犁用之耕否乎?“曰然”,陈相答之,以为许子用之也。“自为之欤”,孟子又问许子是自为釜甑炊食、铁犁耕乎?“曰否,以粟易之”,陈相答,以为许子之不自为也,以粟更易之而已。“以粟易械器者,不为厉陶冶”至“何许子之不惮烦”,孟子又复问,以许子将粟更易械器者不以厉病于陶治,陶治亦以器更易之以粟,岂为病厉其农夫哉皋陶,作瓦器之匠也,冶,铸金之匠也。且许子何不自为之陶冶,止皆取其宫室之中而用之乎?何为更纷纷然交易于百工欤?何许子之不畏其烦。故以此欲排之陈相也。“曰:百工之事,固不可耕且为也”,陈相又答之,以谓百工之事,固不可耕且为之也,所以用交易而用之耳。“然则治天下独可耕且为之欤”,孟子又排之,如是则为国君治天下,独可自耕且又为政事以治天下欤?陈相及此以应答,故孟子一向自言而排之,乃曰:有大人之事,大人之事则国君行教化也;有小人之事,即农工商也。且以一人之身而用百工之所作为备具,如必皆用自为然后方行用之也,此则驱率天下之人以羸困之路也。又一说云:如此是驱率天下之人如道路之人,但泛视而不知上下贵贱耳。以其许行、陈相皆欲君民并耕,不知有上不贵贱相待,故以此说,据下文意义相通,堪以此说为尚。所及亡嬴困之路者,但赵注之说耳。详而推之,嬴困之路,不若此说。“故曰或劳心,或劳力”至“天下之通义也”者,此下文之如此也,言天下之人,有但或劳其力,但或劳其心者。劳其心所以制政教,而治天下之人耳;劳其力所以见治于上人而已。见治于上之人者,竭力治公田以奉养上之人也;治天下之人者,以其爵禄皆出民之赋税,故食于人而已。言此是天下通义,人所常行者也。上之人君为言也,下之人民为言也,以此推之,则上下贵贱有所相待耳。“当尧之时,天下犹未平”至“举舜而敷治焉”,孟子又言当古之唐尧盛帝之时,天下犹尚未平,是以其大水横流,逆其势,泛泛滥浊,遍于天下,草木由是畅茂敷实,禽兽又由此而繁息而生殖焉。五:黍、稷、稻、麦、菽,于是不丰登,禽兽亦逼害于人,猛兽之变交驰于中国之道。尧帝乃独自忧惧之,以其有伤害于人民,故举用虞舜而广治之,广治其水土也。“舜使益掌火”至“禹疏九河”,“后稷教民稼穑”又至“使契为司徒”,止于“亦不用于耕耳”,言舜因尧帝举用,乃使伯益为掌火之官,益视山泽草木烦盛,乃烈山泽而焚烧之,禽兽于是惧而逃匿,远窜而不敢出。又使禹疏通九河,又瀹治济、漯之水而流注归海,又开决汝、汉之水而斟壅淮、泗二水,而同流注归之江。九河在东北,案《尔雅》云“九河一曰徒骇,二曰太史,三曰马颊,四曰覆釜,五曰湖苏,六曰简,七曰洁,八曰钩盘,九曰鬲津”是也。江,九江也,案《浔阳端地》有云“一曰乌江,二曰蚌江,三曰乌白江,四曰嘉匪江,五曰{困}江,六曰提江,七曰廪江,八曰源江,九曰畎江”是也。然后中国之地,人方可耕艺而食也。当此之时,大禹八年在外治水土,经三次过其家门而不得入其家,虽欲于时耕作之,其可得乎?又使后稷弃教天下民稼穑,种树艺殖五。五既丰熟,而天下人民于是得养育其生。稼穑者,《说文》云“种曰稼,敛曰穑”也。人之于是有养生之道,饱食而暖衣。逸乐居处而无以教之,则近类于禽兽,以其不知高下也。圣人有忧惧其民如此,舜又使笑为司徒之官,教以人伦。使天下之人知父子有亲亲慈孝,君臣有尊卑之义,夫妇有交别,长幼有等叙,朋友有忠信。又言“放勋有曰,劳之来之,匡之直之,辅之翼之,使自得之,又从而振德之”,民之有勤劳于事者,有以偿其劳,故曰劳之;因其民之来归者,有以偿其来,故曰来之;民之既能直其心,故以正其直为之正,故曰匡之;民之或曲其心,故以正其曲为之直,故曰直之;辅之如车辅,使民有所安于业,故曰辅之;翼之如羽翼,使民有所进于道,故曰翼之。劳之来之匡之直之辅之翼之,所以欲使其自得悦乐之而已矣。民既自得而悦乐之,于是又从加之恩惠而振德之。振德即恩惠耳。言圣人之忧于天下之民如此,尚何暇以耕为乎?又言尧以不得舜而举用使敷治焉,则为民之忧;舜既得尧举而用之,如舜复不得皋陶、禹为辅,则亦为己之忧。今夫以百亩之难耕,恐为己所忧者,农夫也。“分人以财谓之惠,教人以善谓之忠,为天下得人谓之仁”,以言其以己之财物市与人者,是谓忠惠也;以己之有善而以教诸人,谓其心之忠也,中心之谓忠;为天下求得其人而治天下者,是谓其仁者也,爱人之谓仁,所以为天下求得其人,不过爱天下之人,故如是也。“是故以天下与人易,为天下得人难”,孟子言如此故以天下传与其人,尚以为易也;为天下得其人而治天下者,犹以为难。“孔子曰:大哉尧之为君,惟天为大,惟尧则之,荡荡乎,民无能名焉”至“亦不用于耕耳”,孟子又引孔子有云:大哉尧帝之为君也,惟上天之为大而不可尚,惟尧帝又能则法上天而行之,故荡荡然,其德之大,而民无有能指名之者,亦若上天之荡荡,其覆载之德,人亦不能指名而穷极之故也。德于尧如此其大,故孔子所以曰大哉尧之为君。君哉舜也,巍巍乎其功德之大如此,而天下之事未尝自与及焉。无他,以其急于得人而辅之耳,所以但无为而享之,故不必自与及焉。然则尧帝、舜帝之治天下,岂为无所用其心哉?以其但急用心于得贤,亦且不用于躬耕耳。孟子所以言至于此者,盖欲排许子于陈相欲以滕君与民并耕而食,故演之以此也,是所以谓之之云耳。“吾闻用夏变夷者,未闻变于夷者也”至“亦为不言变矣”者,此盖孟子又欲以此而讥陈相学于许行者也。言其闻用中夏之礼义而变化于蛮夷之人,未闻以蛮夷之道而变化于中夏也。且陈良自楚国而生也,悦乐其周公、仲尼之大道,乃自楚之南而往北求学于中国,盖中国以楚地观之,则中国在北之地故也。北方之学者,未能有人或先之陈良。彼陈良所谓豪杰过人之士者也,子之兄弟,以师事数十年矣,至师死而遂背去其所学而学于许行,故以此而讥之。言往日孔子丧没至于三年之外,其门人有治担任而将归室者,乃至子贡之所,入揖于子贡,相向面而哭,乃至悲不成声,然后归之室,复感发子贡,追思孔子,又反至筑室于孔子冢上之坛,独居又至三年,然后方辞冢室而归处。又及他日,子夏、子张、子游三人以有若之貌状似孔子圣人,三人遂欲以往日所事孔子之礼旦夕奉事有子,至勉强曾子同以此事之。曾子乃曰不可,言“江汉以濯之”,则至清而不可污;“秋阳以曝之”,则至明而不可掩。其孔子如此江汉、秋阳皓皓然清洁明白,不可得而尚耳。故不可以有若比之,而以事孔子之礼事之也。孟子所以言之以此者,盖谓孔子之死至三年之久,而门人尚归与子贡相向而哭,乃至悲而不成声,又感子贡复筑室于冢上而追思之,以至子张、子游、子夏欲慰其心思,乃强曾子同以往日事孔子之礼而事之有若,曾子尚不忍以有若加于孔子,而今子之兄弟,但自师死之未久,遂便以背去之,而欲以许行为师而就学之,何忍之如是邪?故以此非之。然前又所谓用夏变夷,即陈良北学中国,以周公、仲尼之道为悦,是又孟子明言之也,岂见如许行、陈相兄弟用蛮夷之事而欲变于滕国也。“今也南蛮舌之人,非先王之道,子倍子之师而学之”至“为不善变矣”,孟子言今也许行乃南蛮舌之恶如于鸟者也,所行皆非先王之正道,而子之兄弟皆背去其己之师陈良,而以学许行,是亦有异于曾子不忍以有若加孔子矣。我闻出自幽谷之内而迁登于高大之木者,未闻有下高大之木而迁入于幽谷之内者也。又《鲁颂·官》之篇有曰:戎狄之人不善,周公于是膺击之;荆舒之人亦不善,周公于是惩诫之。然则戎狄之人,周公方且膺击之,今以南蛮之人,反悦其道而以学之,亦为不善变更者矣。盖戎狄、荆舒皆南蛮之地也,然周公一则膺击之,一则但惩诫之,是何邪?夫以戎狄之地远,荆舒之地近,以远者有所膺击,则近者自然从而治也。故戎狄是膺,荆舒是惩矣。此孟子所以又执此而非之陈相兄弟学于许行为不善,更变其师者焉。从许子之道,则市价相若者,此乃陈相之言从许行之道为美之之意于孟子也,言今从许行之道而行之,则市中物价贵贱则一而不二也,国中亦无奸伪欺诈,虽使五尺之童子往市中,亦莫有人或敢欺瞒之也,以其布与绢帛长短则同,其价例则相若不异;麻缕丝絮四者轻重又同,而价例亦相若而更无高低;五斗量多寡亦则同,而价例亦相若;脚屦大小亦同,而价则相若:凡此是皆市无二价也,故以此言于孟子。“曰:夫物之不齐,物之情也”至“恶能治国家”,此孟子又从而排之也。言夫万物之不齐等,是物有贵贱好恶之情也。然或相倍蓰,或相什伯,或相千万,其不同之有如此,而子今以为上皆同之而无二价,是使天下交争而乱之也。大屦与小屦同其价,则人必为之小屦而卖之,而大屦岂为之哉?言此屦之大小,则其他物之贵贱不言而可知矣。今从许行之道者,是相驱率而作诈伪者也,又安能治国家焉。此孟子至终而辟之以此也。
  ○注“神农,三皇之君,炎帝,神农氏也”。
  ○正义曰:案皇甫谧曰:《易》称包羲氏没,神农氏作,是为炎帝。班固云:教民耕农,故号曰神农。
  ○注“褐马衣”至“粗布衣也”。
  ○正义曰:案《说文》云:“编,袜也,一曰短衣也,又曰袍也,马被衣也。”注“古火正”。
  ○正义曰:案《左传》昭公二十九年,有五行之官,木正曰勾芒,火正曰祝融,金正曰蓐收,水正曰玄冥,土正曰后土。颛顼氏之子曰犁,为祝融,是为火正故也。
  ○注“《书》曰:辛壬癸甲,启呱呱而泣”。
  ○正义曰:案《孔传》云:辛日娶妻,至于甲日复往治水。启,禹之子,禹治水过门不入,闻启泣声,不暇子名之,以大治度水土之功故也。
  ○注“放勋,尧名也”。
  ○正义曰:案徐广云:“放勋,号陶唐也。”孔安国云:“尧能放上世之功化也。”
  ○注“场,孔子冢上祭祀坛场”。
  ○正义曰:案《史记》云:“孔子葬鲁城北泗上。”皇览曰:孔子冢去城一里,冢营百亩,南北广十步,东西十三步,高一丈二尺。冢前以缶甓为祠坛,方六尺,与地平之。无祠堂。营中树以百数,皆异种。鲁人世世无能名其树者,民传言:孔子弟子异国,人各持其方树来种之。其树柞、、雒离、女贞、五味、檀之树,茔中不生荆棘及剌人草。
  ○注“《鲁颂·宫》之篇”。
  ○正义曰:此《诗》颂僖公能复(fu)周公之宇也(ye)。笺云:惩,艾(ai)也(ye)。僖公与(yu)齐桓举义兵,北当戎狄,南艾(ai)荆(jing)与(yu)群(qun)舒,是(shi)其解也(ye)。

墨者夷之,因徐辟而求见孟子。(夷之,治墨家之道者。徐辟,孟子弟子也。求见孟子,欲以辩道也。)
  孟子曰:“吾固愿见,今吾尚病,病愈,我且往见。”(我常愿见之,今值我病不能见也,病愈,将自往见。以辞之。)
  夷子不来。他日,又求见孟子。(是日夷子闻孟子病,故不来,他日复往求见之。)
  孟子曰:“吾今则可以见矣。不直则道不见,我且直之。(告徐子曰:今我可以见夷之矣,不直言之,则儒家圣道不见,我且欲直攻之也。)
  吾闻夷子墨者,墨之治丧也,以薄为其道也。夷子思以易天下,岂以为非是而不贵也?然而夷子葬其亲厚,则是以所贱事亲也。”(我闻夷子为墨道者,墨者治丧,贵薄而贱厚。夷子欲以此道易天下之化使从已,岂肯以薄为非是而不贵之也。如使夷子葬其父母厚也,是以所贱之道事其亲也。如其薄也,下言“上世不葬”者,又可鄙足以为戒也。吾欲以此攻之者也。)
  徐子以告夷子,夷子曰:“儒者之道,‘古之人若保赤子’,此言何谓也?之则以为爱无差等,施由亲始。”(之,夷子名也。盖‘儒家者’曰古之治即‘若爱’赤子,此何谓乎?之以为当同其恩爱,无有差次等级亲疏也。但施爱之事,先从己亲属始耳。若此,何为独非墨道也?)
  徐子以告孟子,孟子曰:“夫夷子信以为人之亲其兄之子为若亲其邻之赤子乎?彼有取尔也:赤子匍匐将入井,非赤子之罪也。(亲,爱也。夫夷子以为人爱兄子与爱邻人之子等耶。彼取赤子将入井,虽他人子亦爱救之,故谓之爱同也。但以赤子无知,故救之耳。夷子必以此况之,未尽达人情者也。)
  且天之生物也,使之一本,而夷子二本故也。(天生万物,各由一本而出。今夷子以他人之亲与己亲等,是为二本,故欲同其爱也。)
  盖上世尝有不葬其亲者,其亲死,则举而委之于壑。(上世,未制礼之时。壑,路傍坑壑也。其父母终,举而委之弃于壑也。)
  他日过之,狐狸食之,蝇蚋姑嘬之。其颡有Г,睨而不视。夫Г也,非为人Г,中心达于面目。盖归反{ぱ糸}里而掩之。掩之诚是也,则孝子仁人之掩其亲,亦必有道矣。”(嘬,相共食之也。颡,额也。Г,汗出ГГ然也,见其亲为兽虫所食,形体毁败,中心惭,故汗ГГ然出于额,非为他人而惭也,自出其心。圣人缘人心而制礼也。{ぱ糸}里,笼之属,可以取土者也。而掩之实是其道,则孝子仁人掩其亲亦有道矣。)
  徐子以告夷子,夷子怃然,为间,曰:“命之矣。”(孟子言是,以为墨家薄葬,不合道也。徐子复以告夷子,夷子怃然者,犹怅然也。为间者,有顷之间也。命之犹言受命教矣。)
  

[疏]“墨者夷之”至“命之矣”。
  ○正(zheng)义曰(yue)(yue)(yue):此(ci)(ci)(ci)章指言(yan)圣人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)缘情(qing),制(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)奉终,墨(mo)(mo)(mo)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)元同(tong)(tong)(tong),质(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)违中,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)直(zhi)(zhi)正(zheng)枉,怃然改容,盖(gai)(gai)其(qi)(qi)(qi)理也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“墨(mo)(mo)(mo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),因(yin)(yin)徐(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)辟而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)”,夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),治(zhi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)姓名(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。徐(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)辟,孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)弟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)治(zhi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)因(yin)(yin)孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)弟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)徐(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)辟而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):吾(wu)(wu)固愿见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),今(jin)吾(wu)(wu)尚(shang)(shang)正(zheng)病(bing),且(qie)待(dai)病(bing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)瘥(chai)愈,我(wo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)往而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)来(lai),他日(ri),又(you)(you)求见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)”,夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)闻孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)尚(shang)(shang)病(bing),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)来(lai)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)他日(ri),复往求见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。“孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):吾(wu)(wu)今(jin)则(ze)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)矣。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)直(zhi)(zhi)则(ze)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),我(wo)且(qie)直(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”,孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)复来(lai)求见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),遂(sui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得已,先言(yan)于(yu)(yu)徐(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):我(wo)今(jin)则(ze)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)矣,欲(yu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),则(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得直(zhi)(zhi)己(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)正(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),儒(ru)家(jia)(jia)(jia)先王之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)正(zheng)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao),则(ze)泯而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。我(wo)且(qie)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)直(zhi)(zhi)己(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)正(zheng)彼(bi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“吾(wu)(wu)闻夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),墨(mo)(mo)(mo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)治(zhi)丧也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)薄(bo)(bo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“是(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)贱事亲(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”,此(ci)(ci)(ci)孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)告(gao)(gao)(gao)徐(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)是(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)直(zhi)(zhi)己(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)正(zheng)夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)既(ji)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)葬其(qi)(qi)(qi)亲(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)尚(shang)(shang)治(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)其(qi)(qi)(qi)亲(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)是(shi)儒(ru)家(jia)(jia)(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)正(zheng)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已。孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)反(fan)覆直(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)正(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),乃(nai)因(yin)(yin)徐(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)告(gao)(gao)(gao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):我(wo)闻夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)治(zhi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),夫墨(mo)(mo)(mo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)治(zhi)丧不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)厚(hou)(hou)(hou),但以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)薄(bo)(bo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)思以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)变易天下之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)化,岂以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)薄(bo)(bo)其(qi)(qi)(qi)丧而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)贵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)?然而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)葬其(qi)(qi)(qi)父母,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)为(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),则(ze)是(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)贱者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)事父母之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亲(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)丧也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)贱厚(hou)(hou)(hou)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)贵薄(bo)(bo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“徐(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)告(gao)(gao)(gao)夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)”,徐(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)因(yin)(yin)孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)言(yan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)告(gao)(gao)(gao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):儒(ru)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao),古之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)若(ruo)保赤子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)”至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“施(shi)由亲(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)始”,此(ci)(ci)(ci)又(you)(you)夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)言(yan)于(yu)(yu)徐(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)为(wei)(wei)(wei)是(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。乃(nai)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):儒(ru)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao),有(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)古之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)治(zhi)民,若(ruo)保安赤子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),是(shi)言(yan)何(he)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乎?是(shi)则(ze)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)恩爱(ai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)无(wu)有(you)(you)差(cha)等之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)异也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),但施(shi)行(xing)(xing)恩爱(ai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao),当(dang)自(zi)父母之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亲(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)为(wei)(wei)(wei)始耳,我(wo)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)葬其(qi)(qi)(qi)亲(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin),何(he)为(wei)(wei)(wei)独非(fei)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)?之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)自(zi)称己(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。徐(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)又(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)言(yan)告(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。“孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):夫夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)信(xin)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亲(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)其(qi)(qi)(qi)兄(xiong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)”至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“亦(yi)必(bi)有(you)(you)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)矣”,孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)又(you)(you)言(yan)今(jin)夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)爱(ai)无(wu)差(cha)等,是(shi)夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)信(xin)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)亲(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)爱(ai)其(qi)(qi)(qi)兄(xiong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),为(wei)(wei)(wei)若(ruo)亲(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)爱(ai)其(qi)(qi)(qi)邻家(jia)(jia)(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)赤子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)乎?然彼(bi)夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)盖(gai)(gai)亦(yi)有(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)取而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)云(yun)(yun)耳,故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足怪(guai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。彼(bi)夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)必(bi)谓(wei)孺子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)有(you)(you)将(jiang)(jiang)入(ru)井(jing),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)皆有(you)(you)怵惕(ti)恻隐(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)爱(ai)无(wu)差(cha)等,又(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)古之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)“若(ruo)保赤子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)”为(wei)(wei)(wei)言(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。盖(gai)(gai)其(qi)(qi)(qi)赤子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)匍(pu)匐将(jiang)(jiang)入(ru)于(yu)(yu)井(jing),非(fei)赤子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罪恶也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),但以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)赤子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)未有(you)(you)知,人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍(ren)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)焉(yan),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)救之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耳。今(jin)夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)必(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)况之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)遂(sui)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)爱(ai)无(wu)差(cha)等,如(ru)(ru)亲(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)其(qi)(qi)(qi)兄(xiong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),为(wei)(wei)(wei)若(ruo)亲(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)其(qi)(qi)(qi)邻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)赤子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi),则(ze)亲(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)兄(xiong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),必(bi)亦(yi)得将(jiang)(jiang)入(ru)井(jing)然后救之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣,是(shi)夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)未达(da)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)情(qing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。且(qie)天之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生万物也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),皆使(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)由一本而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)出(chu)矣。今(jin)夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)他人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亲(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)与(yu)己(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亲(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)同(tong)(tong)(tong),是(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)二本也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),又(you)(you)安知先王制(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)称人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情(qing)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)薄(bo)(bo),施(shi)于(yu)(yu)父子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)于(yu)(yu)兄(xiong)弟,行(xing)(xing)于(yu)(yu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)宗者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)行(xing)(xing)于(yu)(yu)邻族也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。盖(gai)(gai)上世于(yu)(yu)太古未制(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时,常有(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)葬其(qi)(qi)(qi)亲(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)亲(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)死,则(ze)抬(tai)举而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)委弃于(yu)(yu)路傍(bang)坑壑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中,他日(ri),子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)过之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci),见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)其(qi)(qi)(qi)狐狸(li)野兽食之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),蝇蚋(rui)飞虫且(qie)共嘬食,其(qi)(qi)(qi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)额ГГ然出(chu)汗(han),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)眦睨(ni)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)敢详视。夫子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)ГГ然之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)汗(han)于(yu)(yu)额而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)出(chu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),非(fei)为(wei)(wei)(wei)他人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)惭(can)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)如(ru)(ru)是(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)ГГ,Г然而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)出(chu)于(yu)(yu)额也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)中心(xin)有(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍(ren)其(qi)(qi)(qi)亲(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)如(ru)(ru)是(shi),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)自(zi)中心(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)痛恨,故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)发之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)面目(mu),所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)ГГ然之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)汗(han)出(chu)于(yu)(yu)额也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。盖(gai)(gai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)如(ru)(ru)是(shi),乃(nai)归取{ぱ糸}里笼取土而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)遮(zhe)掩之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),诚是(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍(ren)其(qi)(qi)(qi)亲(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。是(shi)则(ze)孝子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)仁人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)掩其(qi)(qi)(qi)亲(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)亦(yi)必(bi)有(you)(you)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)耳,孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)言(yan)是(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),盖(gai)(gai)非(fei)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)薄(bo)(bo)葬为(wei)(wei)(wei)非(fei),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)葬为(wei)(wei)(wei)是(shi),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)直(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)正(zheng)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)矣。夫以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)谓(wei)太古未制(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时,子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)有(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍(ren)其(qi)(qi)(qi)亲(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)为(wei)(wei)(wei)兽虫所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)食,尚(shang)(shang)知掩之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao),况今(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)世,先王所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)制(zhi)(zhi)定其(qi)(qi)(qi)礼(li)(li),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)可蔽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)薄(bo)(bo)葬为(wei)(wei)(wei)是(shi)、而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)葬为(wei)(wei)(wei)非(fei)邪?夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)既(ji)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)能厚(hou)(hou)(hou)其(qi)(qi)(qi)亲(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)尚(shang)(shang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)薄(bo)(bo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)非(fei),所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)执此(ci)(ci)(ci)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)直(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)正(zheng)耳。“徐(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)告(gao)(gao)(gao)夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)”至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“命(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),徐(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)又(you)(you)因(yin)(yin)孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)言(yan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)告(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),夷(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)乃(nai)怃然而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)觉悟其(qi)(qi)(qi)己(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罪,故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)顷然为(wei)(wei)(wei)间,曰(yue)(yue)(yue):我(wo)今(jin)受孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教命(ming),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)敢逆矣。

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