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韩非子· 十过原文与翻译

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奚谓耽(dan)于(yu)(yu)女(nv)乐?昔(xi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)戎(rong)(rong)王使(shi)由(you)(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)聘于(yu)(yu)秦(qin),穆公(gong)问之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)(yue):"寡(gua)人(ren)(ren)尝(chang)闻(wen)(wen)(wen)道而(er)(er)未得(de)(de)目见之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也,原闻(wen)(wen)(wen)古之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)明主得(de)(de)国(guo)(guo)失国(guo)(guo)常(chang)(chang)何以(yi)(yi)(yi)?"由(you)(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)对曰(yue)(yue):"臣(chen)(chen)尝(chang)得(de)(de)闻(wen)(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣(yi)(yi),常(chang)(chang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)俭(jian)得(de)(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)奢失之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。"穆公(gong)曰(yue)(yue):"寡(gua)人(ren)(ren)不(bu)辱而(er)(er)问道于(yu)(yu)子,子以(yi)(yi)(yi)俭(jian)对寡(gua)人(ren)(ren)何也?"由(you)(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)对曰(yue)(yue):"臣(chen)(chen)闻(wen)(wen)(wen)昔(xi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)尧(yao)有天(tian)下,饭(fan)于(yu)(yu)土簋,饮于(yu)(yu)土铏。其地南至(zhi)交趾,北至(zhi)"幽都,东西(xi)至(zhi)日月所(suo)出入(ru)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),莫(mo)不(bu)实服(fu)(fu)。尧(yao)禅(shan)天(tian)下,虞舜受之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),作(zuo)为(wei)(wei)食(shi)器(qi)(qi),斩(zhan)山木而(er)(er)财子,削锯修其迹(ji),流漆墨其上,输之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)宫以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)食(shi)器(qi)(qi)。诸候以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)益(yi)侈,国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)服(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)十三(san)。舜禅(shan)天(tian)下而(er)(er)传之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)禹(yu)(yu),禹(yu)(yu)作(zuo)为(wei)(wei)祭器(qi)(qi),墨染其外,而(er)(er)硃画书其内,缦帛(bo)为(wei)(wei)茵(yin),将(jiang)席(xi)颇缘,触酌有采,而(er)(er)樽俎有饰(shi)。此弥侈矣(yi)(yi),而(er)(er)国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)服(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)三(san)十三(san)。夏后(hou)氏没,殷人(ren)(ren)受之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),作(zuo)为(wei)(wei)大路(lu),而(er)(er)建旒九,食(shi)器(qi)(qi)雕(diao)琢,觞酌刻镂,白(bai)壁(bi)垩墀,茵(yin)席(xi)雕(diao)文(wen)。此弥侈矣(yi)(yi),而(er)(er)国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)服(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)五十三(san)。君(jun)(jun)子皆知文(wen)章矣(yi)(yi),而(er)(er)欲服(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)弥少。臣(chen)(chen)故曰(yue)(yue):俭(jian)其道也。"由(you)(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)出,公(gong)乃召内史(shi)廖(liao)而(er)(er)告之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),曰(yue)(yue):"寡(gua)人(ren)(ren):'闻(wen)(wen)(wen)邻(lin)国(guo)(guo)有圣人(ren)(ren),敌国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)忧也。'今由(you)(you)(you)余(yu)(yu),圣人(ren)(ren)也,寡(gua)人(ren)(ren)患之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),吾将(jiang)余(yu)(yu)何?"内史(shi)廖(liao)曰(yue)(yue):"臣(chen)(chen)闻(wen)(wen)(wen)戎(rong)(rong)王之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)居(ju),僻陋(lou)而(er)(er)道远,未闻(wen)(wen)(wen)中国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)声(sheng)。君(jun)(jun)其遣(qian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)女(nv)乐,以(yi)(yi)(yi)乱其政,而(er)(er)后(hou)为(wei)(wei)由(you)(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)请(qing)期(qi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)疏其谏。彼(bi)君(jun)(jun)臣(chen)(chen)有间而(er)(er)后(hou)可图也。"君(jun)(jun)曰(yue)(yue):"诺。"乃使(shi)内史(shi)廖(liao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)女(nv)乐二八遣(qian)戎(rong)(rong)王,因为(wei)(wei)由(you)(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)请(qing)期(qi)。戎(rong)(rong)王许诺,见其女(nv)乐而(er)(er)说之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),设酒张饮,日以(yi)(yi)(yi)听乐,终几不(bu)迁,牛马半死。由(you)(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)归,因谏戎(rong)(rong)王,戎(rong)(rong)王弗(fu)听,由(you)(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)遂去(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)秦(qin)。秦(qin)穆公(gong)迎而(er)(er)拜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上卿,问其兵势与(yu)其地形。既以(yi)(yi)(yi)得(de)(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),举兵而(er)(er)伐(fa)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),兼国(guo)(guo)十二,开地千里。故曰(yue)(yue):耽于女乐(le),不顾国政(zheng),则(ze)亡国之(zhi)祸也。

什么(me)叫沉(chen)溺于女(nv)子(zi)歌舞?过(guo)(guo)去戎(rong)王派由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)对秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)进(jin)行(xing)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)事访问,穆(mu)公(gong)问他(ta)(ta)(ta)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)曾听(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)治国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之道(dao)而(er)(er)(er)未能亲眼看(kan)见,希望听(ting)听(ting)古代君主得(de)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)失(shi)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)常(chang)常(chang)因(yin)为(wei)(wei)(wei)什么(me)?”由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)回(hui)(hui)(hui)答说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)曾经(jing)听(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)过(guo)(guo)了(le)(le),常(chang)常(chang)因(yin)为(wei)(wei)(wei)俭朴得(de)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),因(yin)为(wei)(wei)(wei)奢侈失(shi)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。”穆(mu)公(gong)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)不(bu)感到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)耻辱而(er)(er)(er)向你打听(ting)治国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之道(dao),你用俭朴来回(hui)(hui)(hui)答我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo),为(wei)(wei)(wei)什么(me)?”由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)回(hui)(hui)(hui)答说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)听(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)过(guo)(guo)去尧(yao)拥(yong)有(you)(you)天下(xia)(xia),用陶(tao)器(qi)(qi)(qi)吃饭(fan),用陶(tao)器(qi)(qi)(qi)喝水。他(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)领(ling)土南到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)交趾,北到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)幽都(dou),东(dong)西到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)达日月升落的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)方(fang),没(mei)有(you)(you)不(bu)臣(chen)服的(de)(de)(de)(de)。尧(yao)禅让天下(xia)(xia),虞舜接(jie)受下(xia)(xia)来,所做(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)食具,都(dou)是(shi)砍伐(fa)山上树木(mu)制作(zuo)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de),削锯(ju)成(cheng)器(qi)(qi)(qi),修整痕迹,在(zai)上面(mian)(mian)涂上漆(qi)和(he)墨,送(song)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)宫里(li)(li)作(zuo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)食器(qi)(qi)(qi)。诸(zhu)侯认为(wei)(wei)(wei)太(tai)奢侈,不(bu)臣(chen)服的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)十三(san)(san)个(ge)。虞舜禅让天下(xia)(xia),传给夏(xia)禹,夏(xia)禹所做(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)祭器(qi)(qi)(qi),在(zai)外面(mian)(mian)染墨,里(li)(li)面(mian)(mian)绘上红色,缦帛做(zuo)车垫(dian),草席饰有(you)(you)斜(xie)纹(wen)边(bian)缘(yuan),杯(bei)勺有(you)(you)花纹(wen),酒器(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)装(zhuang)饰。这(zhei)(zhei)就(jiu)更加奢侈了(le)(le),而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)臣(chen)服的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)三(san)(san)十三(san)(san)个(ge)。夏(xia)王朝灭亡,殷商接(jie)受天下(xia)(xia),所做(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大辂,旗(qi)子(zi)上装(zhuang)有(you)(you)九条飘带,食器(qi)(qi)(qi)雕琢,杯(bei)勺刻镂,白色的(de)(de)(de)(de)墙(qiang)壁和(he)台阶,垫(dian)席织成(cheng)花纹(wen)。这(zhei)(zhei)就(jiu)更加奢侈了(le)(le),而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)臣(chen)服的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)五十三(san)(san)个(ge)。君主都(dou)注重文彩华丽了(le)(le),而(er)(er)(er)愿(yuan)意(yi)服从的(de)(de)(de)(de)越来越少。所以我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo),节(jie)俭是(shi)治国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原则(ze)。”由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)出去后,穆(mu)公(gong)就(jiu)召来内史廖,告诉(su)他(ta)(ta)(ta)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)听(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)邻国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)圣(sheng)人,是(shi)抗衡国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)忧患。现在(zai)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)就(jiu)是(shi)个(ge)圣(sheng)人,我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)很担心。我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)将怎么(me)办?”内史廖说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)听(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)戎(rong)王居住的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)方(fang),荒(huang)僻(pi)简陋(lou)而(er)(er)(er)道(dao)路遥(yao)远,没(mei)听(ting)过(guo)(guo)中(zhong)原的(de)(de)(de)(de)声乐(le)。您不(bu)妨赠给他(ta)(ta)(ta)女(nv)子(zi)歌舞,去扰乱(luan)他(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)政事,然后替由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)请(qing)求延长回(hui)(hui)(hui)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)时间(jian),来疏(shu)远由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)劝谏。他(ta)(ta)(ta)们(men)君臣(chen)有(you)(you)了(le)(le)隔阂,然后就(jiu)可以谋取了(le)(le)。”穆(mu)公(gong)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“好吧(ba)。”就(jiu)派内史廖把十六个(ge)女(nv)乐(le)赠送(song)给戎(rong)王,趁机替由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)请(qing)求延长回(hui)(hui)(hui)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)时间(jian)。戎(rong)王答应了(le)(le),看(kan)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)女(nv)乐(le)而(er)(er)(er)感到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)高兴(xing),安(an)排酒席在(zai)帐蓬(peng)中(zhong)痛饮,每(mei)天听(ting)女(nv)乐(le),整年不(bu)迁徒(tu),牛(niu)马(ma)没(mei)有(you)(you)水草吃,死(si)了(le)(le)一(yi)半。由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)回(hui)(hui)(hui)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),马(ma)上劝谏戎(rong)王,戎(rong)王不(bu)听(ting),由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)就(jiu)离开(kai)戎(rong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)来到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。秦(qin)(qin)穆(mu)公(gong)迎接(jie)他(ta)(ta)(ta)并(bing)拜他(ta)(ta)(ta)为(wei)(wei)(wei)上卿,向由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)询问戎(rong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)兵力情(qing)况和(he)地(di)理形势。已经(jing)了(le)(le)解了(le)(le)这(zhei)(zhei)些情(qing)况,出兵伐(fa)戎(rong),兼并(bing)十二(er)个(ge)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia),开(kai)辟一(yi)千里(li)(li)土地(di)。所以说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo),沉(chen)溺于女(nv)子(zi)歌舞,不(bu)关心国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)政事,是(shi)亡国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)祸(huo)害。

奚谓离内远游(you)(you)?昔(xi)(xi)者(zhe)(zhe)齐景公(gong)游(you)(you)于海(hai)而(er)乐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。号令(ling)诸大夫(fu)曰(yue)(yue):"言归者(zhe)(zhe)死(si)。"颜涿聚(ju)曰(yue)(yue):"君(jun)(jun)游(you)(you)海(hai)而(er)乐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),奈臣(chen)有(you)图国(guo)者(zhe)(zhe)何(he)?君(jun)(jun)虽乐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),将安得。"齐景公(gong)曰(yue)(yue):"寡人(ren)布令(ling)曰(yue)(yue)'言归者(zhe)(zhe)死(si)',今子(zi)犯(fan)寡人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)令(ling)。"援戈将击之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。颜涿聚(ju)曰(yue)(yue):"昔(xi)(xi)桀杀(sha)关龙(long)逢而(er)纣杀(sha)王(wang)子(zi)比干,今君(jun)(jun)虽杀(sha)臣(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)身以(yi)三(san)(san)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)也。臣(chen)言为国(guo),非为身也。"延颈而(er)前曰(yue)(yue):"君(jun)(jun)击之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣!"君(jun)(jun)乃释戈趣驾(jia)而(er)归。至三(san)(san)日,而(er)闻国(guo)人(ren)有(you)谋不内齐景公(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)矣。齐景公(gong)所(suo)以(yi)遂有(you)齐国(guo)者(zhe)(zhe),颜涿聚(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)力地。故曰(yue)(yue):离内远游(you)(you),则危身之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道也。

什么(me)叫离开朝(chao)(chao)廷(ting)到(dao)远方游(you)(you)玩(wan)?过去(qu)齐(qi)(qi)景公(gong)到(dao)渤海游(you)(you)玩(wan),非(fei)常高兴。下令给(ji)诸大夫(fu)说(shuo)(shuo):“说(shuo)(shuo)要回(hui)去(qu)的(de)处(chu)死(si)(si)。”颜涿聚(ju)说(shuo)(shuo):“您(nin)来海上(shang)游(you)(you)玩(wan)得开心,然而臣子中(zhong)有(you)图谋篡国的(de)人(ren)该怎(zen)么(me)办(ban)?您(nin)现在(zai)(zai)虽(sui)然快(kuai)乐,日后怎(zen)能再这样呢?”齐(qi)(qi)景公(gong)说(shuo)(shuo):“我(wo)下令说(shuo)(shuo)谈(tan)论回(hui)去(qu)的(de)就处(chu)死(si)(si)。现在(zai)(zai)你违犯了(le)(le)(le)我(wo)的(de)命令。”拿起戈来就要击杀。颜涿聚(ju)说(shuo)(shuo):“过去(qu)夏桀杀了(le)(le)(le)关龙逢,商纣杀了(le)(le)(le)王子比干,现在(zai)(zai)您(nin)即使杀死(si)(si)我(wo),把我(wo)和关龙逢、比干凑成三个也(ye)是可以(yi)(yi)的(de)。我(wo)说(shuo)(shuo)话是为国家,不(bu)是为了(le)(le)(le)自身(shen)。伸着脖子上(shang)前说(shuo)(shuo):“您(nin)杀了(le)(le)(le)我(wo)吧(ba)!”齐(qi)(qi)景公(gong)便放下戈催促(cu)驾车赶(gan)了(le)(le)(le)回(hui)去(qu)。回(hui)去(qu)三天以(yi)(yi)后,就听说(shuo)(shuo)都城(cheng)里有(you)人(ren)图谋不(bu)让景公(gong)回(hui)城(cheng)的(de)了(le)(le)(le)。齐(qi)(qi)景公(gong)、之(zhi)所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)能继续统治齐(qi)(qi)国,靠的(de)是颜涿聚(ju)出了(le)(le)(le)力。所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)说(shuo)(shuo),离开朝(chao)(chao)廷(ting)到(dao)远方游(you)(you)玩(wan),是使自己遭受危害(hai)的(de)做法。

奚谓过而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)听于(yu)(yu)忠(zhong)臣(chen)?昔者(zhe)齐(qi)桓(huan)公九(jiu)合诸(zhu)候,一匡天(tian)(tian)下(xia),为(wei)(wei)(wei)五(wu)伯(bo)长(zhang),管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)佐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)老,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能用(yong)(yong)事(shi),休居(ju)于(yu)(yu)家(jia)。桓(huan)公从而(er)(er)(er)问之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"仲(zhong)(zhong)父家(jia)居(ju)有病(bing),即(ji)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)幸(xing)而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)起此病(bing),政(zheng)安(an)(an)迁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)?"管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"臣(chen)老矣,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)问也。虽然,臣(chen)闻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),知(zhi)臣(chen)莫(mo)若君(jun)(jun),知(zhi)子莫(mo)若父。君(jun)(jun)其(qi)(qi)(qi)试以(yi)(yi)心决之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。"君(jun)(jun)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"鲍叔牙(ya)何(he)如(ru)(ru)?"管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)。鲍叔牙(ya)为(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren),刚(gang)愎而(er)(er)(er)上悍(han)。刚(gang)则(ze)(ze)犯(fan)民(min)以(yi)(yi)暴,愎则(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得民(min)心,悍(han)则(ze)(ze)下(xia)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)用(yong)(yong)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)心不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)惧(ju),非霸(ba)者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)佐也。"公曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"然则(ze)(ze)竖(shu)刁何(he)如(ru)(ru)?"管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)。夫(fu)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情(qing)莫(mo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)爱其(qi)(qi)(qi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)。公妒而(er)(er)(er)好内,竖(shu)刁自獖以(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)治内。其(qi)(qi)(qi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)爱,又安(an)(an)能爱君(jun)(jun)?"公曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"然,则(ze)(ze)术公子开(kai)方何(he)如(ru)(ru)?"管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)。齐(qi)、卫(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)过十(shi)日(ri)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing),开(kai)方为(wei)(wei)(wei)事(shi)君(jun)(jun),欲(yu)适(shi)君(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)故,十(shi)五(wu)年(nian)(nian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)归见其(qi)(qi)(qi)父母(mu),此非人(ren)情(qing)也。其(qi)(qi)(qi)父母(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)亲(qin)也,又能亲(qin)君(jun)(jun)乎(hu)?"公曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"然则(ze)(ze)易牙(ya)何(he)?"管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)。夫(fu)易牙(ya)为(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)(jun)主(zhu)味。君(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所未尝食唯人(ren)肉耳,易牙(ya)蒸其(qi)(qi)(qi)子首而(er)(er)(er)进(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),君(jun)(jun)所知(zhi)也。人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情(qing)莫(mo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)爱其(qi)(qi)(qi)子,今(jin)蒸其(qi)(qi)(qi)子以(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)膳(shan)于(yu)(yu)君(jun)(jun),其(qi)(qi)(qi)子弗爱,又安(an)(an)能爱君(jun)(jun)乎(hu)?"公曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"然则(ze)(ze)孰可(ke)?"管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"隰朋可(ke)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)也,坚(jian)中而(er)(er)(er)廉外,少(shao)欲(yu)而(er)(er)(er)多信(xin)。夫(fu)坚(jian)中,则(ze)(ze)足以(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)表;廉外,则(ze)(ze)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)大任;少(shao)欲(yu),则(ze)(ze)能临其(qi)(qi)(qi)众;多信(xin),则(ze)(ze)能亲(qin)邻(lin)国。此霸(ba)者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)佐也,君(jun)(jun)其(qi)(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。"君(jun)(jun)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"诺。"居(ju)一年(nian)(nian)馀(yu),管(guan)钟死,君(jun)(jun)遂不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)隰朋而(er)(er)(er)与竖(shu)刁。刁莅事(shi)三年(nian)(nian),桓(huan)公南(nan)游堂阜(fu),竖(shu)刁率易牙(ya)、卫(wei)公子开(kai)方及(ji)大臣(chen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)乱。桓(huan)公渴馁而(er)(er)(er)死南(nan)门之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)寝(qin)、公守之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)室,身(shen)(shen)(shen)死三月不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)收,虫出于(yu)(yu)户。故桓(huan)公之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兵横行(xing)天(tian)(tian)下(xia),为(wei)(wei)(wei)五(wu)伯(bo)长(zhang),卒见弑于(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)臣(chen),而(er)(er)(er)灭高名(ming),为(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)下(xia)笑者(zhe),何(he)也?不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)过也。故曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):过而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)听于(yu)(yu)忠(zhong)臣(chen),独行(xing)其(qi)(qi)(qi)意(yi),则(ze)(ze)灭其(qi)(qi)(qi)高名(ming)为(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)笑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)始也。

什么(me)(me)(me)叫(jiao)有(you)(you)过(guo)(guo)(guo)错却不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)听(ting)忠(zhong)臣劝谏?过(guo)(guo)(guo)去(qu)齐桓(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)九合(he)诸侯,一(yi)匡天(tian)(tian)下,为(wei)(wei)(wei)五(wu)霸(ba)(ba)(ba)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)首(shou),管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)辅佐他(ta)(ta)(ta)。管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)老了(le),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)执政,安居在(zai)家。桓(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)去(qu)问(wen)他(ta)(ta)(ta)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“您(nin)在(zai)家病着,假若不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)幸一(yi)病不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)起,政事(shi)移交给谁?”管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“我(wo)老了(le),经(jing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)起问(wen)事(shi)了(le)。虽然这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)样(yang),我(wo)听(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo),了(le)解(jie)臣下的(de)(de)(de)(de)莫过(guo)(guo)(guo)于君主(zhu)(zhu),了(le)解(jie)儿子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)莫过(guo)(guo)(guo)于父亲(qin)。您(nin)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)妨试(shi)着按自(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)想法来决定吧(ba)。”桓(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“鲍(bao)叔(shu)牙(ya)怎么(me)(me)(me)样(yang)?”管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)行(xing)。鲍(bao)叔(shu)牙(ya)为(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren),刚强(qiang)任性而(er)(er)崇尚凶悍(han)。刚强(qiang)就(jiu)(jiu)会粗暴地(di)侵扰民众,任性就(jiu)(jiu)得不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)到民心(xin),凶悍(han)了(le)臣民就(jiu)(jiu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)听(ting)他(ta)(ta)(ta)使唤。他(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)思无所(suo)畏(wei)惧,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)霸(ba)(ba)(ba)主(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)好(hao)(hao)帮手。”桓(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“那(nei)么(me)(me)(me)竖(shu)(shu)刁(diao)(diao)怎样(yang)?”管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)行(xing)。人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常情没(mei)(mei)有(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)爱惜(xi)自(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)身体(ti)(ti)。您(nin)忌妒而(er)(er)爱好(hao)(hao)女色,竖(shu)(shu)刁(diao)(diao)把自(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)阉割了(le)来管(guan)理宫内事(shi)务。他(ta)(ta)(ta)连自(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)身体(ti)(ti)都(dou)(dou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)爱惜(xi),又(you)怎么(me)(me)(me)能(neng)(neng)(neng)爱惜(xi)君主(zhu)(zhu)呢(ni)(ni)?”恒公(gong)(gong)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“那(nei)么(me)(me)(me)卫公(gong)(gong)子(zi)开方怎么(me)(me)(me)样(yang)?”管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)行(xing)。齐、卫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间(jian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)过(guo)(guo)(guo)十天(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)路程,开方为(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)侍(shi)奉君主(zhu)(zhu),为(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)想迎(ying)合(he)君主(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)缘故(gu),十五(wu)年(nian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)回去(qu)看他(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)父母(mu),这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)合(he)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常情。他(ta)(ta)(ta)连父母(mu)都(dou)(dou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)亲(qin)近(jin),还能(neng)(neng)(neng)亲(qin)近(jin)君主(zhu)(zhu)吗(ma)?”桓(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“那(nei)么(me)(me)(me)易(yi)(yi)牙(ya)怎么(me)(me)(me)样(yang)?”管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)行(xing)。易(yi)(yi)牙(ya)为(wei)(wei)(wei)您(nin)主(zhu)(zhu)管(guan)伙食(shi),您(nin)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)曾吃过(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)只有(you)(you)人(ren)肉,易(yi)(yi)牙(ya)蒸了(le)儿子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)头进献给您(nin),这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)是(shi)您(nin)知道的(de)(de)(de)(de)。人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常情没(mei)(mei)有(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)怜爱自(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)孩(hai)子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de),现在(zai)蒸自(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)儿子(zi)作(zuo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)您(nin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)饭食(shi),他(ta)(ta)(ta)连儿子(zi)都(dou)(dou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)怜惜(xi),又(you)怎能(neng)(neng)(neng)怜惜(xi)君主(zhu)(zhu)呢(ni)(ni)?”桓(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“那(nei)么(me)(me)(me)谁行(xing)呢(ni)(ni)?”管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“隰(xi)(xi)朋行(xing)。他(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)为(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren),心(xin)地(di)坚(jian)贞,行(xing)为(wei)(wei)(wei)廉正,少(shao)有(you)(you)私(si)欲,多(duo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)守(shou)(shou)信。心(xin)地(di)坚(jian)贞,就(jiu)(jiu)足以(yi)作(zuo)表率;行(xing)为(wei)(wei)(wei)廉正,就(jiu)(jiu)可以(yi)担(dan)重(zhong)任;少(shao)有(you)(you)私(si)欲,就(jiu)(jiu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)驾驭属下;多(duo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)守(shou)(shou)信,就(jiu)(jiu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)亲(qin)近(jin)邻国。这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)是(shi)霸(ba)(ba)(ba)主(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)好(hao)(hao)帮手,您(nin)最(zui)好(hao)(hao)是(shi)用(yong)(yong)他(ta)(ta)(ta)。”桓(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“好(hao)(hao)吧(ba)。”过(guo)(guo)(guo)了(le)一(yi)年(nian)多(duo),管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)死(si),桓(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)便不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)隰(xi)(xi)朋而(er)(er)用(yong)(yong)竖(shu)(shu)刁(diao)(diao)。竖(shu)(shu)刁(diao)(diao)掌管(guan)政事(shi)三(san)年(nian),桓(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)南(nan)游(you)堂阜,竖(shu)(shu)刁(diao)(diao)率领易(yi)(yi)牙(ya)、卫公(gong)(gong)子(zi)开方以(yi)及(ji)大臣趁机作(zuo)乱。桓(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)在(zai)南(nan)门寝宫守(shou)(shou)卫房(fang)屋里饥渴而(er)(er)死(si),死(si)后三(san)个月(yue)没(mei)(mei)人(ren)收葬,尸(shi)体(ti)(ti)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)蛆虫爬出门外(wai)。所(suo)以(yi),桓(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)军(jun)队(dui)横行(xing)天(tian)(tian)下,桓(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)身为(wei)(wei)(wei)五(wu)霸(ba)(ba)(ba)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)首(shou),最(zui)终被(bei)臣下所(suo)杀,从而(er)(er)丧(sang)失了(le)好(hao)(hao)名(ming)声,被(bei)天(tian)(tian)下人(ren)讥笑,为(wei)(wei)(wei)什么(me)(me)(me)?是(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)听(ting)管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)忠(zhong)告的(de)(de)(de)(de)过(guo)(guo)(guo)错。所(suo)以(yi)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo),有(you)(you)过(guo)(guo)(guo)错却不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)听(ting)忠(zhong)臣的(de)(de)(de)(de)劝谏,一(yi)意孤行(xing),是(shi)丧(sang)失好(hao)(hao)名(ming)声并被(bei)人(ren)耻(chi)笑的(de)(de)(de)(de)开始。

奚(xi)谓(wei)内(nei)不(bu)(bu)量力?昔者秦(qin)之(zhi)(zhi)攻宜阳,韩(han)(han)氏急。公仲(zhong)朋(peng)谓(wei)韩(han)(han)君(jun)曰(yue)(yue):"与国(guo)(guo)不(bu)(bu)可恃也(ye),岂如因(yin)张仪(yi)为(wei)和于秦(qin)哉!因(yin)赂以(yi)(yi)名都而南与伐(fa)楚(chu)(chu),是患(huan)解于秦(qin)而害(hai)交于楚(chu)(chu)也(ye)。"公曰(yue)(yue):"善(shan)。"乃警公仲(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)行,将(jiang)西和秦(qin)。楚(chu)(chu)王闻之(zhi)(zhi),惧,召陈(chen)轸而告(gao)之(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)(yue):"韩(han)(han)朋(peng)将(jiang)西和秦(qin),今将(jiang)奈何?"陈(chen)轸曰(yue)(yue):"秦(qin)得韩(han)(han)之(zhi)(zhi)都一,驱其(qi)练甲,秦(qin)、韩(han)(han)为(wei)一以(yi)(yi)南乡楚(chu)(chu),此(ci)秦(qin)王之(zhi)(zhi)所以(yi)(yi)庙祠而求也(ye),其(qi)为(wei)楚(chu)(chu)害(hai)必矣。王其(qi)趣发(fa)信(xin)(xin)臣(chen),多其(qi)车,重其(qi)币(bi),以(yi)(yi)奉韩(han)(han)曰(yue)(yue):'不(bu)(bu)谷之(zhi)(zhi)国(guo)(guo)虽小,卒已悉起,愿大国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)信(xin)(xin)意于秦(qin)也(ye)。因(yin)愿大国(guo)(guo)令(ling)使(shi)者入境视楚(chu)(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)起卒也(ye)。'"韩(han)(han)使(shi)人之(zhi)(zhi)楚(chu)(chu),楚(chu)(chu)王因(yin)发(fa)车骑,陈(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)下路,谓(wei)韩(han)(han)使(shi)者曰(yue)(yue):"报(bao)韩(han)(han)君(jun),言(yan)弊(bi)邑(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)兵(bing)今将(jiang)入境矣。"使(shi)者还报(bao)韩(han)(han)君(jun),韩(han)(han)君(jun)大大悦,止公仲(zhong)。公仲(zhong)曰(yue)(yue):"不(bu)(bu)可。夫(fu)以(yi)(yi)实害(hai)我者,秦(qin)也(ye);以(yi)(yi)名救我者,楚(chu)(chu)也(ye)。听楚(chu)(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)虚言(yan)而轻强秦(qin)之(zhi)(zhi)实祸,则危国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)本也(ye)。"韩(han)(han)君(jun)弗听。公仲(zhong)怒而归,十日不(bu)(bu)朝。宜阳益急,韩(han)(han)君(jun)令(ling)使(shi)者趣卒于楚(chu)(chu),冠盖(gai)相望而卒无(wu)至者。宜阳果拔,为(wei)诸(zhu)候笑(xiao)。故(gu)曰(yue)(yue):内(nei)不(bu)(bu)量力,外恃诸(zhu)候者,则国(guo)(guo)削之(zhi)(zhi)患(huan)也(ye)。

什么叫内不量力?过去(qu)(qu)(qu)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)攻打宜阳(yang)时,韩(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)国(guo)(guo)(guo)危急(ji)。公(gong)仲(zhong)(zhong)朋对韩(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)君说(shuo)(shuo);“盟国(guo)(guo)(guo)是(shi)不可靠的(de)(de)(de)(de),还(hai)不如通过张仪(yi)去(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)讲(jiang)(jiang)和(he)(he)呢!就用(yong)一个(ge)著(zhu)名(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大城(cheng)去(qu)(qu)(qu)贿(hui)赂秦(qin)(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo),和(he)(he)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)一道(dao)南伐楚(chu)(chu),这(zhei)样就解除了(le)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)对韩(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)的(de)(de)(de)(de)祸患,把祸害(hai)转嫁(jia)给楚(chu)(chu)了(le)。”韩(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)君说(shuo)(shuo):“好。”于是(shi)命(ming)令公(gong)仲(zhong)(zhong)出使,将西去(qu)(qu)(qu)与(yu)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)讲(jiang)(jiang)和(he)(he)。楚(chu)(chu)王(wang)听(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)后,感到(dao)害(hai)怕,召来(lai)(lai)陈轸告(gao)(gao)(gao)诉说(shuo)(shuo):“韩(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)国(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)仲(zhong)(zhong)朋将西去(qu)(qu)(qu)与(yu)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)讲(jiang)(jiang)和(he)(he),现在怎么办(ban)?”陈轸说(shuo)(shuo):“秦(qin)(qin)(qin)得到(dao)韩(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一座(zuo)名(ming)城(cheng),驱使它的(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)锐军(jun)队(dui),与(yu)韩(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)联(lian)合(he)起(qi)来(lai)(lai)向南攻楚(chu)(chu),这(zhei)是(shi)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)王(wang)庙祭时所祈求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de),这(zhei)必将成(cheng)为楚(chu)(chu)国(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)祸害(hai)。大王(wang)最好赶快(kuai)派遣可靠的(de)(de)(de)(de)使臣,多带些车辆载上厚礼来(lai)(lai)献(xian)给韩(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)国(guo)(guo)(guo),说(shuo)(shuo):‘楚(chu)(chu)国(guo)(guo)(guo)虽小,士卒已经全都发动起(qi)来(lai)(lai)了(le),希望贵国(guo)(guo)(guo)向秦(qin)(qin)(qin)申明不屈的(de)(de)(de)(de)意图(tu)。为此希望贵国(guo)(guo)(guo)派使者前来(lai)(lai)观察(cha)楚(chu)(chu)国(guo)(guo)(guo)动员起(qi)来(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)士卒。”’韩(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)派人到(dao)楚(chu)(chu),楚(chu)(chu)王(wang)便征发车骑排列在大路上,对韩(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)国(guo)(guo)(guo)使者说(shuo)(shuo):“请报告(gao)(gao)(gao)韩(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)君,说(shuo)(shuo)我(wo)国(guo)(guo)(guo)军(jun)队(dui)现在就要进入韩(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)境(jing)了(le)。”使者回去(qu)(qu)(qu)报告(gao)(gao)(gao)韩(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)君,韩(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)君非常高兴,中止了(le)公(gong)仲(zhong)(zhong)去(qu)(qu)(qu)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)讲(jiang)(jiang)和(he)(he)。公(gong)仲(zhong)(zhong)说(shuo)(shuo):“不行。在实际上危害(hai)我(wo)们的(de)(de)(de)(de),是(shi)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo);在名(ming)义上援(yuan)救我(wo)们的(de)(de)(de)(de),是(shi)楚(chu)(chu)国(guo)(guo)(guo)。听(ting)从楚(chu)(chu)国(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)空头(tou)承诺而忽视强秦(qin)(qin)(qin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)实际危害(hai),那是(shi)危害(hai)国(guo)(guo)(guo)家的(de)(de)(de)(de)祸根。”韩(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)君不听(ting)。公(gong)仲(zhong)(zhong)生气(qi)回家了(le),十天不上朝(chao)。宜阳(yang)更加危急(ji),韩(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)君派使者到(dao)楚(chu)(chu)催兵求(qiu)援(yuan),使者去(qu)(qu)(qu)了(le)一批(pi)(pi)又一批(pi)(pi),但楚(chu)(chu)军(jun)却没有一个(ge)到(dao)来(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。宜阳(yang)果然被攻克,成(cheng)为诸侯(hou)间的(de)(de)(de)(de)笑(xiao)料。所以说(shuo)(shuo),内不量力,外靠诸侯(hou),是(shi)削弱国(guo)(guo)(guo)家的(de)(de)(de)(de)祸患。

 

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