爱上海

卷二十八 丧服第十一(yi)

　　[疏]《丧服》第十一。
　　○案：郑《目录》云：“天子以下，死而相丧，衣服、年月、亲疏、隆杀之礼。不忍言死而言丧，丧者，弃亡之辞，若全存居於彼焉，已亡之耳。《大戴》第十七，《小戴》第九，刘向《别录》第十一。”
　　○释曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：案(an)(an)(an)《礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)器》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“经(jing)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)三(san)(san)(san)(san)百(bai)，曲(qu)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)三(san)(san)(san)(san)千。”郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“经(jing)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)谓(wei)《周礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。曲(qu)犹事也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。事礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)谓(wei)今礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)篇(pian)今亡(wang)，本数(shu)未(wei)(wei)闻，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)事仪三(san)(san)(san)(san)千。”若(ruo)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)，未(wei)(wei)亡(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)、诸(zhu)侯、卿(qing)大(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)、士(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，其(qi)(qi)篇(pian)各别(bie)，今皆(jie)亡(wang)，唯士(shi)(shi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)在(zai)(zai)(zai)。若(ruo)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)，据(ju)(ju)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)篇(pian)总(zong)包(bao)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)《目(mu)录》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)相(xiang)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)衣(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)亲(qin)疏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”。丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，成服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，宜在(zai)(zai)(zai)《士(shi)(shi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)》始死(si)(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)，今在(zai)(zai)(zai)《士(shi)(shi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》总(zong)包(bao)尊卑(bei)上下(xia)(xia)(xia)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)专(zhuan)据(ju)(ju)士(shi)(shi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)《士(shi)(shi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)第(di)十(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)陈(chen)，其(qi)(qi)理(li)深大(da)，今之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)释，且以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)七(qi)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)黄(huang)(huang)帝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时朴(po)略(lve)尚质(zhi)，行(xing)心(xin)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)终(zhong)身(shen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)变(bian)。第(di)二(er)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)唐(tang)虞(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日，淳朴(po)渐(jian)亏，虽(sui)(sui)行(xing)心(xin)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)，更以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)三(san)(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)限。第(di)三(san)(san)(san)(san)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)三(san)(san)(san)(san)王(wang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，浇为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)渐(jian)起，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)表哀(ai)情。第(di)四，明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)既有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》，须(xu)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)“丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)”二(er)字。第(di)五(wu)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)次，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)精粗为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)序。第(di)六(liu)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)作(zuo)(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，并为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意。第(di)七(qi)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)玄(xuan)(xuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，经(jing)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)两(liang)解(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)黄(huang)(huang)帝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时朴(po)略(lve)尚质(zhi)行(xing)心(xin)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)终(zhong)身(shen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)变(bian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)(an)《礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)运(yun)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：昔者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)先(xian)王(wang)未(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)宫室，食鸟(niao)(niao)兽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肉，衣(yi)其(qi)(qi)羽(yu)皮。此(ci)(ci)乃(nai)伏(fu)羲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。又(you)(you)(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)圣有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)作(zuo)(zuo)，治其(qi)(qi)丝麻(ma)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)布(bu)(bu)(bu)帛，养生(sheng)送死(si)(si)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)事鬼神。此(ci)(ci)谓(wei)黄(huang)(huang)帝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。又(you)(you)(you)(you)案(an)(an)(an)《易·系辞(ci)(ci)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“古(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)葬者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，厚衣(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)薪，葬之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)野，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)封不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)树，丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)期无(wu)数(shu)。”在(zai)(zai)(zai)《黄(huang)(huang)帝九事》章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)中(zhong)(zhong)，亦(yi)据(ju)(ju)黄(huang)(huang)帝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日，言(yan)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)期无(wu)数(shu)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)心(xin)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)终(zhong)身(shen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。第(di)二(er)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)唐(tang)虞(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日淳朴(po)渐(jian)亏虽(sui)(sui)行(xing)心(xin)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)更以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)三(san)(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)限者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)(an)《礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)记(ji)·三(san)(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)问》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“将由夫(fu)(fu)(fu)患邪(xie)淫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)与(yu)(yu)(yu)？则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)彼(bi)朝死(si)(si)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)夕忘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)从(cong)(cong)(cong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)曾鸟(niao)(niao)兽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)若(ruo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，夫(fu)(fu)(fu)焉(yan)(yan)能相(xiang)与(yu)(yu)(yu)群居而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)乱乎(hu)？将由夫(fu)(fu)(fu)脩(xiu)饰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君子(zi)(zi)(zi)与(yu)(yu)(yu)？则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)三(san)(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)，二(er)十(shi)五(wu)月(yue)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)毕，若(ruo)驷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)过隙，然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)遂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)无(wu)穷也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)先(xian)王(wang)焉(yan)(yan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)立中(zhong)(zhong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节(jie)，壹使足以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)成文(wen)理(li)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)释之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣(yi)，然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)何(he)(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)至(zhi)期也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：至(zhi)亲(qin)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)期断。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)何(he)(he)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：天(tian)地则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)已(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)易矣(yi)，四时则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)己变(bian)矣(yi)，其(qi)(qi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)天(tian)地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，莫不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)更始焉(yan)(yan)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)象之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“法此(ci)(ci)变(bian)易，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)期也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”又(you)(you)(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)何(he)(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)三(san)(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？”注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“言(yan)法此(ci)(ci)变(bian)易，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)期，何(he)(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)乃(nai)三(san)(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。”又(you)(you)(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“曰(yue)(yue)(yue)加隆(long)焉(yan)(yan)尔(er)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，焉(yan)(yan)使倍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)再(zai)期也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“言(yan)於父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)加隆(long)其(qi)(qi)恩，使倍期也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”据(ju)(ju)此(ci)(ci)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)圣人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)初欲(yu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)期加隆(long)焉(yan)(yan)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)三(san)(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)。必(bi)加隆(long)至(zhi)三(san)(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)答宰我云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“子(zi)(zi)(zi)生(sheng)三(san)(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)，然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)免於父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)怀。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)三(san)(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)，报之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)三(san)(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)。《问》又(you)(you)(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“三(san)(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)道之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至(zhi)文(wen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。夫(fu)(fu)(fu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谓(wei)至(zhi)隆(long)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)百(bai)王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，古(gu)今之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)壹也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，未(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)知其(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)由来者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知其(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)从(cong)(cong)(cong)来，喻(yu)此(ci)(ci)三(san)(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)，前(qian)(qian)(qian)世(shi)行(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)久(jiu)矣(yi)。”既云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)喻(yu)前(qian)(qian)(qian)世(shi)行(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)久(jiu)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)三(san)(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)，实(shi)知其(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)从(cong)(cong)(cong)来，但(dan)喻(yu)久(jiu)尔(er)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)《虞(yu)(yu)书》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“二(er)十(shi)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)载，帝乃(nai)殂(cu)落(luo)，百(bai)姓(xing)如(ru)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)考(kao)妣三(san)(san)(san)(san)载，四海遏(e)密八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)音。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)心(xin)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)三(san)(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)，未(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)验(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。第(di)三(san)(san)(san)(san)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)三(san)(san)(san)(san)王(wang)已(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，浇伪渐(jian)起，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)表哀(ai)情者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)(an)《郊特牲》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“大(da)古(gu)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)布(bu)(bu)(bu)，齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)缁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“唐(tang)虞(yu)(yu)已(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上曰(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)古(gu)。”又(you)(you)(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)敝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”，注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“此(ci)(ci)重(zhong)古(gu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耳(er)。三(san)(san)(san)(san)代改制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)复用也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)白(bai)布(bu)(bu)(bu)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)质(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”据(ju)(ju)此(ci)(ci)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)唐(tang)虞(yu)(yu)已(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上，吉(ji)凶同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，惟有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)白(bai)布(bu)(bu)(bu)衣(yi)、白(bai)布(bu)(bu)(bu)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)白(bai)布(bu)(bu)(bu)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。又(you)(you)(you)(you)案(an)(an)(an)三(san)(san)(san)(san)王(wang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)来，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)唐(tang)虞(yu)(yu)白(bai)布(bu)(bu)(bu)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。又(you)(you)(you)(you)案(an)(an)(an)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》记(ji)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“凡衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)外(wai)削幅(fu)(fu)，裳内削幅(fu)(fu)。”注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“大(da)古(gu)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)布(bu)(bu)(bu)衣(yi)布(bu)(bu)(bu)，先(xian)知为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)上，外(wai)杀(sha)其(qi)(qi)幅(fu)(fu)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)便(bian)体也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)知为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)下(xia)(xia)(xia)，内杀(sha)其(qi)(qi)幅(fu)(fu)，稍有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)饰也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)世(shi)圣人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)易之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。”据(ju)(ju)此(ci)(ci)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》记(ji)与(yu)(yu)(yu)《郊特牲》两(liang)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)世(shi)圣人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，夏、禹也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)(san)(san)王(wang)用唐(tang)虞(yu)(yu)白(bai)布(bu)(bu)(bu)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、白(bai)布(bu)(bu)(bu)衣(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)矣(yi)．第(di)四明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)既有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)须(xu)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)二(er)字者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)(an)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)《目(mu)录》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍言(yan)死(si)(si)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)，丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)弃(qi)亡(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辞(ci)(ci)，若(ruo)全存(cun)於彼(bi)焉(yan)(yan)，已(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)弃(qi)亡(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耳(er)。”又(you)(you)(you)(you)案(an)(an)(an)《曲(qu)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)崩(beng)(beng)，诸(zhu)侯曰(yue)(yue)(yue)薨(hong)，大(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)卒，士(shi)(shi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)禄，庶人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)死(si)(si)。”《尔(er)雅》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)崩(beng)(beng)、薨(hong)、卒、不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)禄，皆(jie)训死(si)(si)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)士(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。称(cheng)庶人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)言(yan)死(si)(si)，得(de)其(qi)(qi)总(zong)名。郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)《曲(qu)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“死(si)(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)澌(si)，精神澌(si)尽。”又(you)(you)(you)(you)案(an)(an)(an)《檀弓(gong)》孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)欲(yu)速贫。”《春(chun)秋左氏传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》鲁昭公(gong)出居乾(qian)侯，齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)侯唁(yan)公(gong)於野井，公(gong)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)其(qi)(qi)何(he)(he)称(cheng)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)弃(qi)亡(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辞(ci)(ci)，弃(qi)於此(ci)(ci)，存(cun)於彼(bi)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)孝子(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍言(yan)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)精神尽澌(si)，虽(sui)(sui)弃(qi)於此(ci)(ci)，犹存(cun)於彼(bi)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，其(qi)(qi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)字去(qu)声读之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)或以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)平(ping)声读之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，虽(sui)(sui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)亦(yi)通也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。死(si)(si)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)既丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)，生(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，但(dan)貌(mao)(mao)(mao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)表心(xin)，服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)表貌(mao)(mao)(mao)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)《礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)记(ji)·閒传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“斩(zhan)(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)何(he)(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)苴(ju)？苴(ju)，恶貌(mao)(mao)(mao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)苴(ju)其(qi)(qi)内，见诸(zhu)外(wai)。斩(zhan)(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)貌(mao)(mao)(mao)若(ruo)苴(ju)，齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)貌(mao)(mao)(mao)若(ruo)枲(xi)，大(da)功(gong)(gong)(gong)貌(mao)(mao)(mao)若(ruo)止，小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)(gong)(gong)、緦(si)麻(ma)，容貌(mao)(mao)(mao)可(ke)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”下(xia)(xia)(xia)又(you)(you)(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“斩(zhan)(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)三(san)(san)(san)(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”，三(san)(san)(san)(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)半(ban)齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)，四升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)孝子(zi)(zi)(zi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)亲(qin)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)衣(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)表心(xin)。但(dan)吉(ji)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)表德，凶服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)表哀(ai)。德有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)高下(xia)(xia)(xia)，章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，哀(ai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)浅深，布(bu)(bu)(bu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)精粗，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。第(di)五(wu)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)次以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)精粗为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)叙者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)(an)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》上下(xia)(xia)(xia)十(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)，从(cong)(cong)(cong)斩(zhan)(zhan)至(zhi)緦(si)麻(ma)，升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)数(shu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)异。异者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，斩(zhan)(zhan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)二(er)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)：为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)三(san)(san)(san)(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)君以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)三(san)(san)(san)(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)半(ban)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，其(qi)(qi)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)六(liu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，三(san)(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)。齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)惟有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)四升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)七(qi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。继母(mu)、慈母(mu)虽(sui)(sui)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)配父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)因母(mu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)略(lve)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)节(jie)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。杖期，齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)母(mu)，与(yu)(yu)(yu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)妻同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)五(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)杖。齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)期章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)、有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)二(er)等：正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)五(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)；义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)六(liu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)九升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)三(san)(san)(san)(san)月(yue)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)皆(jie)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)六(liu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)九升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，曾祖父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)计是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。但(dan)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)合以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)(gong)(gong)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)尊其(qi)(qi)祖。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)(gong)(gong)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)，非本服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。殇大(da)功(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)：为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)昆弟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)长子(zi)(zi)(zi)殇，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，其(qi)(qi)馀(yu)(yu)皆(jie)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)七(qi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)十(shi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)；义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)九升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)十(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。大(da)功(gong)(gong)(gong)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)、有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)：姑姊妹(mei)出適之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，妇人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)族类为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，自馀(yu)(yu)皆(jie)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)。衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)如(ru)上释也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。繐(hui)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)唯有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，四升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)半(ban)，皆(jie)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)七(qi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)诸(zhu)侯大(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。殇小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)：妇人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)族类是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，自馀(yu)(yu)皆(jie)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)、冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)十(shi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)、冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)十(shi)二(er)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)(gong)(gong)亦(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，亦(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)、有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，如(ru)前(qian)(qian)(qian)释。緦(si)麻(ma)亦(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)、有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，皆(jie)如(ru)上陈(chen)。但(dan)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)十(shi)五(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，抽去(qu)半(ban)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，自斩(zhan)(zhan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)至(zhi)緦(si)麻(ma)，皆(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)数(shu)。升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)数(shu)少者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)在(zai)(zai)(zai)前(qian)(qian)(qian)，升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)数(shu)多者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)在(zai)(zai)(zai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，要(yao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)数(shu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)叙者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)数(shu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)，又(you)(you)(you)(you)繐(hui)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)四升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)半(ban)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)大(da)功(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)，小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上。郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)下(xia)(xia)(xia)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“在(zai)(zai)(zai)小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，欲(yu)审(shen)著缕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)精粗。”若(ruo)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)，《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)次，虽(sui)(sui)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)数(shu)多少为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)前(qian)(qian)(qian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，要(yao)取缕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)精粗为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)次第(di)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。第(di)六(liu)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)作(zuo)(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，又(you)(you)(you)(you)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)作(zuo)(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)谁人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)作(zuo)(zuo)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)皆(jie)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)弟子(zi)(zi)(zi)卜(bu)商字子(zi)(zi)(zi)夏所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。案(an)(an)(an)《公(gong)羊(yang)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)公(gong)羊(yang)高所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，公(gong)羊(yang)高是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)夏弟子(zi)(zi)(zi)，今案(an)(an)(an)《公(gong)羊(yang)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)何(he)(he)”、“何(he)(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)”、“曷(he)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)”、“孰谓(wei)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等，今此(ci)(ci)《传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》亦(yi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)何(he)(he)”、“何(he)(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)”、“孰谓(wei)”、“曷(he)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)”等之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)问。师徒相(xiang)习，语势相(xiang)遵，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)弟子(zi)(zi)(zi)却(que)本前(qian)(qian)(qian)师，此(ci)(ci)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)得(de)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)子(zi)(zi)(zi)夏所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)作(zuo)(zuo)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)师师相(xiang)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)，盖不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)虚也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)内更云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)夏，引他(ta)旧传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)证己义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。《仪礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》见在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)十(shi)七(qi)篇(pian)，馀(yu)(yu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)，独为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》作(zuo)(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，但(dan)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)篇(pian)总(zong)包(bao)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)已(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)，五(wu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)差降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，六(liu)术(shu)精粗，变(bian)除之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)数(shu)既繁，出入正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)殇交互，恐读者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能悉(xi)解(jie)其(qi)(qi)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)特为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)解(jie)。第(di)七(qi)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)玄(xuan)(xuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)经(jing)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)两(liang)解(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)氏者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，北海郡高密县人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，姓(xing)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)名玄(xuan)(xuan)字康成，汉仆射，郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)崇八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)世(shi)孙也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)汉征为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)司农(nong)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)就，年(nian)(nian)七(qi)十(shi)四卒於家。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)於经(jing)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)，辨其(qi)(qi)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)意。若(ruo)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)释经(jing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)上以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)释经(jing)，若(ruo)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)难明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)在(zai)(zai)(zai)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)释传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)。又(you)(you)(you)(you)在(zai)(zai)(zai)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，皆(jie)须(xu)题云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“玄(xuan)(xuan)谓(wei)”以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)别(bie)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)，若(ruo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)上注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)须(xu)题玄(xuan)(xuan)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)可(ke)知。或云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，或云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)，出注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)述者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)意耳(er)。或有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)解(jie)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：前(qian)(qian)(qian)汉以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)，后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)汉以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。若(ruo)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)，王(wang)弼、王(wang)肃之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)汉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)，此(ci)(ci)说非也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

丧服。斩(zhan)衰裳(shang)，苴绖、杖、绞(jiao)(jiao)带，冠绳缨，菅屦者：者者，明为下(xia)出也。凡服，上曰(yue)衰，下(xia)曰(yue)裳(shang)，麻在(zai)(zai)首(shou)、在(zai)(zai)要皆曰(yue)绖。绖之(zhi)言实也，明孝子有(you)忠实之(zhi)心(xin)，故为制(zhi)此服焉。首(shou)绖象缁布冠之(zhi)缺项，要绖象大带，又(you)有(you)绞(jiao)(jiao)带，象革带。齐衰以下(xia)用布。

[疏]“丧服”至“屦者”。
　　○释曰：题此二字於上者，与此一篇为总目。言“斩衰裳”者，谓斩三升布以为衰裳。不言裁割而言“斩”者，取痛甚之意。知者，案《三年问》云：“创钜者，其日久；痛甚者，其愈迟。”《杂记》：“县子云：三年之丧如斩，期之丧如剡。”谓哀有深浅，是斩者痛深之义，故云斩也。若然，斩衰先言斩，下疏衰后言齐者，以斩衰先斩布，后作之，故先言斩；疏衰，先作之，后齐之，故后云齐。斩齐既有先后，是以作文有异也。云“苴绖、杖、绞带”者，以一苴目此三事，谓苴麻为首绖、要绖，又以苴竹为杖，又以苴麻为绞带。知此三物皆同苴者，以其冠绳缨不得用苴，明此三者皆用苴。又《丧服小记》云“苴杖，竹也”，记人解此杖是苴竹也。又绞带与要绖象大带与革带，二者同在要。要绖既苴，明绞带与要绖同用苴可知。又《丧服四制》云“苴衰不补”，则衰裳亦同苴矣。云“冠绳缨”者，以六升布为冠，又屈一条绳为武，垂下为缨。冠在首，退在带下者，以其衰用布三升，冠六升。冠既加饰，故退在带下。又齐衰冠缨用布，则知此绳缨不用苴麻，用枲麻，故退冠在下，更见斩义也。云“菅屦”者，谓以菅草为屦，《诗》：“云白华菅兮，白茅束兮。”郑云：“白华已沤名之为菅，濡刃中用。”则此菅亦是已沤者也。已下诸章并见年月，唯此斩章不言三年者，以其丧之痛极，莫甚於斩，故不言年月，表创钜而已。是以衰设人功之疏，绖又言麻之形体，至於齐衰已下，非直见人功之疏，又见绖去麻之状貌。举齐衰云三年，明上斩衰三年可知。然此一经为次若此者，以先丧而后服，故服在丧下。又先斩，后乃为衰裳，故斩文在衰裳之上。绖、杖、绞带俱蒙於苴，故苴又在前。经中绖有二事，仍以首绖为主，故绖文在上。杖者各齐其心，故在绞带之前。冠缨虽加於首，以其不蒙於苴，故退文在下。屦乃服中之贱，最后为宜，圣人作文伦次然。
　　○注“者者”至“用布”。
　　○释(shi)曰：云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)为(wei)(wei)(wei)下(xia)(xia)出(chu)也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，周公设经(jing)，上陈(chen)其(qi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)，下(xia)(xia)列其(qi)人(ren)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)所(suo)陈(chen)服(fu)(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)为(wei)(wei)(wei)下(xia)(xia)人(ren)所(suo)出(chu)，故(gu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)下(xia)(xia)出(chu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)臣子(zi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)君父等所(suo)出(chu)也(ye)(ye)。案(an)(an)(an)(an)下(xia)(xia)诸(zhu)章皆(jie)(jie)言“者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)”，郑(zheng)止(zhi)一解(jie)，馀皆(jie)(jie)不(bu)(bu)释(shi)，义皆(jie)(jie)如(ru)此(ci)(ci)(ci)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“凡服(fu)(fu)(fu)，上曰衰(shuai)(shuai)，下(xia)(xia)曰裳”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，言“凡”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，郑(zheng)欲兼解(jie)五服(fu)(fu)(fu)。案(an)(an)(an)(an)下(xia)(xia)记(ji)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：衰(shuai)(shuai)广四(si)寸，长六寸。缀(zhui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)(wu)心(xin)，总号为(wei)(wei)(wei)衰(shuai)(shuai)。非正(zheng)当(dang)心(xin)而(er)(er)已(yi)，故(gu)诸(zhu)言衰(shuai)(shuai)皆(jie)(jie)与裳相(xiang)对。至(zhi)於(wu)(wu)吊服(fu)(fu)(fu)三(san)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，亦(yi)谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)衰(shuai)(shuai)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“麻在(zai)首，在(zai)要(yao)皆(jie)(jie)曰绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)”，知一绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)而(er)(er)兼二者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)夏《传》要(yao)、首二绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)俱(ju)解(jie)，《礼(li)记(ji)》诸(zhu)文亦(yi)首、要(yao)并陈(chen)，故(gu)《士(shi)丧(sang)礼(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“要(yao)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)小(xiao)焉(yan)(yan)”，故(gu)知一绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)而(er)(er)兼二文也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言实(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)孝(xiao)(xiao)子(zi)有(you)(you)(you)忠实(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)，故(gu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)服(fu)(fu)(fu)焉(yan)(yan)”，《檀(tan)弓》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)也(ye)(ye)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)实(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)”，明(ming)(ming)(ming)孝(xiao)(xiao)子(zi)有(you)(you)(you)忠实(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)，故(gu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)服(fu)(fu)(fu)焉(yan)(yan)。案(an)(an)(an)(an)《问丧(sang)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“斩(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)貌(mao)若(ruo)(ruo)苴，齐(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)貌(mao)若(ruo)(ruo)枲”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等，皆(jie)(jie)是(shi)心(xin)内苴恶(e)，貌(mao)亦(yi)苴恶(e)，服(fu)(fu)(fu)亦(yi)苴恶(e)，是(shi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)象(xiang)(xiang)貌(mao)，貌(mao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)象(xiang)(xiang)心(xin)，是(shi)孝(xiao)(xiao)子(zi)有(you)(you)(you)忠实(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)。若(ruo)(ruo)服(fu)(fu)(fu)苴而(er)(er)貌(mao)美，心(xin)不(bu)(bu)苴恶(e)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，是(shi)中外不(bu)(bu)相(xiang)称，无忠实(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“首绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)象(xiang)(xiang)缁(zi)(zi)布(bu)冠(guan)(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)缺项”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)(an)(an)《士(shi)冠(guan)(guan)礼(li)》：缁(zi)(zi)布(bu)冠(guan)(guan)，“青组缨，属於(wu)(wu)缺”，郑(zheng)注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“缺，读如(ru)‘有(you)(you)(you)頍(kui)(kui)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)弁(bian)’之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)頍(kui)(kui)，缁(zi)(zi)布(bu)冠(guan)(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)无笄者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，著頍(kui)(kui)围(wei)发际，结(jie)(jie)项中隅为(wei)(wei)(wei)四(si)缀(zhui)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)固冠(guan)(guan)也(ye)(ye)。”此(ci)(ci)(ci)所(suo)象(xiang)(xiang)无正(zheng)文，但丧(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)法吉(ji)(ji)服(fu)(fu)(fu)而(er)(er)为(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，吉(ji)(ji)时(shi)有(you)(you)(you)二带(dai)(dai)(dai)，凶时(shi)有(you)(you)(you)二绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)要(yao)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)象(xiang)(xiang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)带(dai)(dai)(dai)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)首绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)象(xiang)(xiang)頍(kui)(kui)项可知。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)彼頍(kui)(kui)项为(wei)(wei)(wei)吉(ji)(ji)时(shi)，缁(zi)(zi)布(bu)冠(guan)(guan)无笄，故(gu)用(yong)頍(kui)(kui)项以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)固之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。今丧(sang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)首绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)与冠(guan)(guan)绳缨，别(bie)材而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)相(xiang)缀(zhui)，今言象(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，直取绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)法象(xiang)(xiang)頍(kui)(kui)项而(er)(er)为(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。至(zhi)於(wu)(wu)丧(sang)冠(guan)(guan)，亦(yi)无笄，直用(yong)六升布(bu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)冠(guan)(guan)，一条绳为(wei)(wei)(wei)缨，与此(ci)(ci)(ci)全异(yi)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“要(yao)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)象(xiang)(xiang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)带(dai)(dai)(dai)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)(an)(an)《玉藻(zao)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)大(da)(da)(da)(da)带(dai)(dai)(dai)用(yong)素(su)，天子(zi)朱里，终裨(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)玄黄，士(shi)则练带(dai)(dai)(dai)，裨(bi)下(xia)(xia)末三(san)赤，用(yong)缁(zi)(zi)，是(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)带(dai)(dai)(dai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。今此(ci)(ci)(ci)要(yao)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)，下(xia)(xia)传名(ming)为(wei)(wei)(wei)带(dai)(dai)(dai)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)象(xiang)(xiang)吉(ji)(ji)时(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)带(dai)(dai)(dai)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“又有(you)(you)(you)绞带(dai)(dai)(dai)，象(xiang)(xiang)革(ge)带(dai)(dai)(dai)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)(an)(an)《玉藻(zao)》韠之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)形(xing)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“肩(jian)革(ge)带(dai)(dai)(dai)博(bo)二寸”，吉(ji)(ji)备(bei)二带(dai)(dai)(dai)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)带(dai)(dai)(dai)申束衣，革(ge)带(dai)(dai)(dai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)佩(pei)(pei)玉佩(pei)(pei)及事(shi)佩(pei)(pei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等。今於(wu)(wu)要(yao)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外，别(bie)有(you)(you)(you)绞带(dai)(dai)(dai)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)绞带(dai)(dai)(dai)象(xiang)(xiang)革(ge)带(dai)(dai)(dai)可知。案(an)(an)(an)(an)《士(shi)丧(sang)礼(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“苴绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)大(da)(da)(da)(da)鬲，要(yao)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)小(xiao)焉(yan)(yan)。”又云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“妇人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)带(dai)(dai)(dai)牡麻，结(jie)(jie)本。”注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“妇人(ren)亦(yi)有(you)(you)(you)首绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)，但言带(dai)(dai)(dai)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，记(ji)其(qi)异(yi)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)齐(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)妇人(ren)，斩(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)妇人(ren)亦(yi)有(you)(you)(you)苴绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)。”以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)而(er)(er)言，则妇人(ren)吉(ji)(ji)时(shi)，虽(sui)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)女(nv)鞶丝，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)丝为(wei)(wei)(wei)带(dai)(dai)(dai)，而(er)(er)无頍(kui)(kui)项。今於(wu)(wu)丧(sang)礼(li)哀(ai)痛甚，亦(yi)有(you)(you)(you)二绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)与绞带(dai)(dai)(dai)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)备(bei)丧(sang)礼(li)。故(gu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)具陈(chen)於(wu)(wu)上，男女(nv)俱(ju)言於(wu)(wu)下(xia)(xia)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)男女(nv)共(gong)有(you)(you)(you)此(ci)(ci)(ci)服(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“齐(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)已(yi)下(xia)(xia)用(yong)布(bu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，即下(xia)(xia)《齐(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)章》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“削杖布(bu)带(dai)(dai)(dai)”是(shi)也(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)(ruo)然，案(an)(an)(an)(an)此(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)，凶服(fu)(fu)(fu)皆(jie)(jie)依旧名(ming)，唯衰(shuai)(shuai)与绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)特制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)别(bie)名(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)(an)(an)《礼(li)记(ji)·檀(tan)弓》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“有(you)(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)故(gu)兴物者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)”，郑(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“衰(shuai)(shuai)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)表孝(xiao)(xiao)子(zi)忠实(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)，衰(shuai)(shuai)明(ming)(ming)(ming)孝(xiao)(xiao)子(zi)有(you)(you)(you)哀(ai)摧之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义，故(gu)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)二者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)而(er)(er)异(yi)名(ming)，见其(qi)哀(ai)痛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甚故(gu)也(ye)(ye)。

传曰：斩者(zhe)(zhe)何？不(bu)(bu)缉也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。苴(ju)绖者(zhe)(zhe)，麻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有蕡者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。苴(ju)绖大(da)搹(e)，左(zuo)本在(zai)下(xia)(xia)(xia)，去五(wu)(wu)分(fen)(fen)一(yi)(yi)以(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)带。齐衰(shuai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)绖，斩衰(shuai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)带也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，去五(wu)(wu)分(fen)(fen)一(yi)(yi)以(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)带。大(da)功(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)绖，齐衰(shuai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)带也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，去五(wu)(wu)分(fen)(fen)一(yi)(yi)以(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)带。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)绖，大(da)功(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)带也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，去五(wu)(wu)分(fen)(fen)一(yi)(yi)以(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)带。緦(si)麻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)绖，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)带也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，去五(wu)(wu)分(fen)(fen)一(yi)(yi)以(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)带。苴(ju)杖(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)，竹也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。削杖(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)，桐也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。杖(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)各齐其心，皆下(xia)(xia)(xia)本。杖(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)者(zhe)(zhe)何？爵也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。无爵而杖(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)者(zhe)(zhe)何？担主(zhu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。非主(zhu)而杖(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)者(zhe)(zhe)何？辅病也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。童子(zi)(zi)何以(yi)不(bu)(bu)杖(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)？不(bu)(bu)能病也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。妇人(ren)(ren)何以(yi)不(bu)(bu)杖(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)？亦不(bu)(bu)能病也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。绞带者(zhe)(zhe)，绳(sheng)(sheng)带也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。冠(guan)绳(sheng)(sheng)缨，条(tiao)(tiao)属(shu)，右(you)缝，冠(guan)六升(sheng)，外毕(bi)，锻而勿灰。衰(shuai)三升(sheng)，菅屦者(zhe)(zhe)，菅菲也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，外纳。居倚(yi)庐(lu)，寝(qin)(qin)(qin)苫枕块，哭(ku)昼夜无时(shi)。歠粥，朝一(yi)(yi)溢米(mi)，夕一(yi)(yi)溢米(mi)。寝(qin)(qin)(qin)不(bu)(bu)说绖带。既虞(yu)，翦(jian)屏(ping)柱楣(mei)，寝(qin)(qin)(qin)有席，食(shi)疏食(shi)，水饮，朝一(yi)(yi)哭(ku)、夕一(yi)(yi)哭(ku)而已(yi)。既练，舍(she)外寝(qin)(qin)(qin)，始食(shi)菜果，饭素(su)食(shi)，哭(ku)无时(shi)。盈手曰搹(e)。搹(e)，扼(e)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。中(zhong)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)扼(e)围(wei)九寸(cun)，以(yi)五(wu)(wu)分(fen)(fen)一(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)杀者(zhe)(zhe)，象五(wu)(wu)服(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)数也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。爵，谓(wei)(wei)天子(zi)(zi)诸(zhu)侯(hou)卿(qing)大(da)夫(fu)士也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。无爵，谓(wei)(wei)庶(shu)人(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。担犹(you)假也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。无爵者(zhe)(zhe)假之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)杖(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)，尊(zun)其为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。非主(zhu)，谓(wei)(wei)众子(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。属(shu)犹(you)著也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。通屈(qu)一(yi)(yi)条(tiao)(tiao)绳(sheng)(sheng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)武，垂下(xia)(xia)(xia)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)缨，著之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冠(guan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。布八十(shi)缕为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)升(sheng)，升(sheng)字当为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)登(deng)。登(deng)，成(cheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。今(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)《礼》皆以(yi)登(deng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)升(sheng)，俗误已(yi)行久矣(yi)。《杂记》曰：“丧冠(guan)条(tiao)(tiao)属(shu)，以(yi)别吉凶。三年之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)练冠(guan)，亦条(tiao)(tiao)属(shu)，右(you)缝，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)以(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)左(zuo)缝。”外毕(bi)者(zhe)(zhe)，冠(guan)前后屈(qu)而出(chu)，缝於武也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。二(er)十(shi)两曰溢，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)米(mi)一(yi)(yi)升(sheng)二(er)十(shi)四分(fen)(fen)升(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。楣(mei)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梁，柱楣(mei)所(suo)谓(wei)(wei)梁闇(an)。疏犹(you)粗也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。舍(she)外寝(qin)(qin)(qin)，於中(zhong)门之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外，屋下(xia)(xia)(xia)垒墼为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。不(bu)(bu)涂塈，所(suo)谓(wei)(wei)垩室也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。素(su)犹(you)故也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，谓(wei)(wei)复平生时(shi)食(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。斩衰(shuai)不(bu)(bu)书受月(yue)者(zhe)(zhe)，天子(zi)(zi)诸(zhu)侯(hou)卿(qing)大(da)夫(fu)士，虞(yu)卒哭(ku)异数。

[疏]“传曰”至“无时”。
　　○释曰：云“斩者何”，问辞，以执所不知，故云者何。云“不缉也”者，答辞，此对下疏衰裳齐，齐是缉，此则不缉也。云“苴绖者，麻之有蕡者也”，案《尔雅·释草》云“蕡，枲实”，孙氏注云：“蕡，麻子也。”以色言之谓之苴，以实言之谓之蕡。下言牡者，对蕡为名；言枲者，对苴生称也，是以云“斩衰貌若苴，齐衰貌若枲”也。若然，枲是雄麻，蕡是子麻，《尔雅》云“蕡，枲实”者，举类而言，若圆曰箪，方曰笥。郑注《论语》云：“箪、笥，亦举其类也。”下传云：“牡麻者，枲麻也。”不连言绖，此苴连言绖者，欲见苴绖别於苴杖。故下传别云苴杖，后传牡麻不连言绖，此苴连言绖者，彼无他物之嫌，独有绖，故不须连言绖也。云“苴绖大搹，左本在下”者，《士丧礼》文与此同，彼此皆云“苴绖大搹”，连言苴者，但经连言苴绖，绖中有此二，言绖大搹，先据首绖而言也。雷氏以搹，搤不言寸数，则各从其人大小为搤，非郑义。据郑注：无问人之大小，皆以九寸围之为正。若中人之迹，尺二寸也。云左本在下者，本谓麻根，案《士丧礼》郑注云：“下本在左，重服统於内，而本阳也。”以其父是阳，左亦阳，言下是内，故云重服统於内，以言痛从心内发故也。此对为母右本在上，轻服统於外，而本阴也。云“去五分一以为带”者，以其首绖围九寸，取五寸，去一寸，得四寸；馀四寸，寸为五分，总二十分，去四分，馀十六分，取十五分，五分为寸，为三寸；添前四寸，为七寸，并一分，总七寸五分寸之一也。云“齐衰之绖，斩衰之带也”者，以其大小同，故叠而同之也。云“去五分一以为带”者，谓七寸五分寸之一也，中五分去一，为齐衰之带，今计之以七寸中取五寸，去一寸，得四寸；馀二寸，寸分为二十五分，二寸合为五十分，馀一分者，又破为五分；添前为五十五分，亦五分去一，总去一十一分，馀四十四分在；又二十五分为一寸，馀十九分在，齐衰之带，总五寸二十五分寸之十九也。云“大功之绖，齐衰之带也，去五分一以为带”者，就五寸中去一寸，得四寸；前二十五分破寸，今大功百二十五分破寸，则以十九分者各分破为五分，十九分总破为九十五，与百二十五分破寸相当，就九十五分中五分去一，去十九馀七十六，则大功之绖五寸二十五分寸之十九，带则四寸百二十五分寸之七十六。又云“小功之绖，大功之带也，去五分一以为带”者，又就四寸百二十五分寸之七十六中，五分去一，前百二十五分破寸，今亦四倍加之，以六百二十五分破寸，然后五分去一，为小功带。又云“緦麻之绖，小功之带，去五分一以为带”，则亦四倍加之，前六百二十五分破寸，今则三千一百二十五分破寸，五分去一取四，以为緦麻之带。绖带之等皆以五分破寸，既有成法，何假尽言。然斩衰有二，齐衰有四，大功、小功成人与殇各有二等，緦麻殇与成人章又不别，若使绖带各依升数，则参差难等。是以子夏作传，五服各为一节计之。似《周礼·掌客》云群介行人宰史，各以爵等为牢礼之数。郑云：“以命数则参差难等，略於臣，用爵而已。”此绖亦然也。《士丧礼》云：“苴绖大鬲，下本在左，要绖小焉。”郑注云：“绖带之差，自此出焉。”谓子夏言绖带之差，出於《士丧》之绖，故郑指而言之也。但斩衰之绖围九寸者，首是阳，故欲取阳数极於九，自齐衰以下，自取降杀之义，无所法象也。云“苴杖，竹也。削杖，桐也”者，《传》意见经唯云苴杖，不出杖体所用，故言苴杖者竹也。下章直云削竹，亦不辨木名，故因释之云：“削竹者，桐也。”若然，经言苴杖，因释削杖，唯上下二章不通於下，是以兼释之。至於绖带，五服自明，故不兼释。然为父所以杖竹者，父者子之天，竹圆亦象天，竹又外内有节，象子为父，亦有外内之痛。又竹能贯四时而不变，子之为父哀痛亦经寒温而不改，故用竹也。为母杖桐者，欲取桐之言同，内心同之於父，外无节，象家无二尊，屈於父。为之齐衰，经时而有变。又案变除削之使方者，取母象於地故也。此虽不言杖之粗细，案《丧服小记》云：“绖杀五分而去一，杖大如绖。”郑注云：“如要绖也。”郑知如要绖者，以其先云绖五分为杀，为要绖，其下即云杖大如绖，明如要绖也。如要绖者，以杖从心已下，与要绖同处，故如要绖也。云“杖各齐其心”者，杖所以扶病，病从心起，故杖之高下以心为断也。云“皆下本”者，本，根也，案《士丧礼》“下本”，注云顺其性也。云“杖者何爵也”者，自此已下，有五问五答，皆为杖起文。云“者何”者，亦是执所不知，以其吉时，五十已后乃杖，所以扶老。今为父母之丧，有杖有不杖，不知，故执而问之。云“爵”，以爵答之，以其有爵之人必有德，有德则能为父母致病深，故许其以杖扶病。云“无爵而杖者何”，问辞也，庶人无爵，亦得杖。云“檐主也”者，答辞也，以其虽无爵无德，然以適子，故假取有爵之杖为之，丧主拜宾、送宾，成丧主之义也。云“非主而杖者何”，问辞也；“辅病也”，答辞也。郑云谓众子虽非为主，子为父母致病是同，亦为辅病也。云“童子何以不杖”者，案此子夏之问辞，有不同，或云“者何”，或云“何以”，或云“何如”，或云“孰后”，或云“孰谓”，或云“何大夫”，或云“曷为”，有此七者。答有义意，凡言者何，皆谓执所不知，故隐元年《公羊传》云：“元年者何？”何休云：“诸据疑问所不知，故曰者何。”即此问“杖者何”是也。称何以者，皆据彼决此，即下云：父为长子，“何以三年”，据期章为众子期，適庶皆子，长子独三年，是据彼决此也。此即《公羊传》云“何以不言即位”，何休云：“据文公言即位。”隐不称即位是也。云何如者，问比类之辞，即下传云“何为而可为人后”者，“同宗则可为人后”，是其问比类也。云孰后者，不问比类，依《不杖章》，子夏传云：孰后？后大宗。礼有大宗、小宗，故问谁为后。云孰谓者，亦是问比类，但旧君有二等，一是待放之臣，二是致仕之臣，俱为旧君。是以《齐衰三月章》云“旧君”，传曰：“为旧君者，孰谓也，仕焉而已者也。”由其有二等，故问比类也。即《公羊传》云“王者孰谓？谓文王”是也。云何大夫者，亦是据彼决此，即《齐衰三月章》云“大夫为旧君”，《传》曰：“何大夫之谓乎？言其以道去君，而犹未绝也。”由其大夫有致仕者，有待放者，不同，故举何大夫之问也。言曷为者，亦是据彼决此，故《不杖章》云：“大夫曷为不降，命妇也。”云谓据大夫於姑姊妹出嫁，宜降不降，故举曷为之问也。今云童子何以不杖，问辞也，不能病也，答辞也。此庶童子，非直不杖，以其未冠首加免而已。故《问丧》云：“免者以何为也？曰：不冠者之所服也。”言何以者，据当室童子及成人皆杖，唯此庶童子不杖，故云何以决之也。知当室童子杖者，案《问丧》云：“《礼》曰：童子不緦，唯当室緦。緦者，其免也。当室则免而杖矣。”谓適子也。案《杂记》云：“童子哭不偯，不踊，不杖，不菲，不庐。”注云：“未成人者，不能备礼也。”此独云不杖，馀不言者，此上下皆释杖，故言杖，不云馀者。其实皆无，直有衰裳绖带而已。又云“妇人何以不杖？亦不能病也”者，此亦谓童子妇人，若成人妇人正杖，知者，此《丧服》上陈其服，下陈其人。丧服之下，男子妇人俱列，男子妇人同有苴杖。又《丧大记》云：“三日，子、夫人杖；五日，大夫世妇杖。”诸经皆有妇人杖文，故知成人妇人正杖也。明此童子妇人，案《丧服小记》云：“女子子在室为父母，其主丧者不杖，则子一人杖。”郑注云：“女子子在室，亦童子也。无男昆弟，使同姓为摄主不杖，则子一人杖，谓长女也。许嫁及二十而笄，笄为成人，成人正杖也。”是其童女为丧主，则亦杖矣。若然，童子得称妇人者，案《小功章》云：“为侄、庶孙丈夫、妇人之长殇。”是未成人称妇人也。雷氏以为此《丧服》妻为夫、妾为君、女子子在室为父、女子子嫁及在父之室为父三年，如传所云妇人者皆不杖，《丧服小记》妇人不为主而杖者，唯著此一条，明其馀不为主者皆不杖。此说非，何者？此四等妇人皆在杖科之内，何得不杖？又《礼记》记文说妇人杖者甚众，何言无杖也。云“绞带者，绳带也”者，以绞麻为绳作带，故云绞带也。王肃以为绞带如要绖，马、郑不言，当依王义。雷氏以为绞带在要绖之下言之，则要绖五分去一为带。但首绖象頍项之布，又在首，要绖象大带，用缯，又在要，故须五分去一以为带。今绞带象革带，与要绖同在要，一则无上下之差，二则无粗细可象，而云去要绖五分一为绞带，失其义也。但绖带至虞后，变麻服葛。绞带虞后虽不言所变，案公士、众臣为君服布带，又齐衰已下亦布带，则绞带虞后变麻服布，於义可也。云“冠绳缨，条属”者，丧用绳，为缨属，著也，著之冠，垂之为缨也。云“外毕”者，前后两毕之未而向外摄之也。云“锻而勿灰”者，以冠为首饰，布倍衰裳而用六升，又加以水濯，勿用灰而已。冠六升勿灰，则七升巳上故灰矣。故《大功章》郑注云：“大功布者，其锻治之功粗沽之。”则七升已上皆用灰也。云“衰三升”者，不言裳，裳与衰同，故举衰以见裳。为君义服衰三升半，不言者，以缕如三升半，成布三升，故直言三升，举正以包义也。云“菅屦者，菅菲也，外纳。居倚庐”者，周公时谓之屦，子夏时谓之菲。案《士丧礼》“屦外纳”，郑注云：“纳，收馀也。”王谓正向外编之，居倚庐，孝子所居，居在门外东壁，倚木为庐，故《既夕》记云“居倚庐”，郑注云：“倚木为庐，在中门外东方，北户。”又《丧大记》云：“凡非適子者，自未葬，以於隐者为庐。”注云：“不欲人属目，盖庐於东南角。”若然適子则庐於其北显处为之，以其適子当应接吊宾，故不於隐者。若然，此下有臣为君，则亦居庐。案《周礼·宫正》云大丧，“授庐舍，辨其亲疏贵贱之居”，注云：“亲者、贵者居倚庐，疏者、贱者居垩室。”又《杂记》朝廷卿大夫士居庐，都邑之士居垩室，见诸侯之臣为其君之礼。案《丧大记》云：“妇人不居庐。”若然，此经云居倚庐，专据男子生文。云“寝苫枕块”，《既夕》文与此同，彼注云：“苫，编藁。块，堛也。”彼又云“不说绖带”，郑注云：“哀戚不在於安。”若然，在中门外者，哀亲之在外；寝苫者，哀亲之在草故也。此之衰三升枕块，据大夫已上。若士，则大夫適子为士者得行大夫礼。若正士则枕草，衰则缕三升半，成布三升，《杂记》所云“齐晏平仲为其父粗衰斩枕草”是也，但平仲谦为父服士服耳。云“哭昼夜无时”者，哭有三无时：始死未殡已前，哭不绝声，一无时；既殡已后，卒哭祭已前，阼阶之下为朝夕哭，在庐中思忆则哭，二无时；既练之后，无朝夕哭，唯有庐中或十日，或五日，思忆则哭，三无时也。卒哭之后，未练之前，唯有朝夕哭，是一有时也。云“歠粥，朝一溢米，夕一溢米”者，孝子遭父母之丧，当为父母致病，故《丧大记》云“水浆不入口”，三日之后乃始食。必三日许食者，圣人制法，不以死伤生，恐至灭性，故礼许之食。虽食犹节之，使朝夕各一溢米而已也。曾子有母之丧，水浆不入於口七日者，失礼之法，故子思非之，云“先王制礼，过之者俯而就之，不至者跂而及之，故君子执亲之丧，水浆不入於口者三日，杖而后能起”，是礼之常法也。云“寝不说绖带”者，案《杂记》：“孔子云，少连、大连善居丧，三月不解。”郑注云：“不解倦也。”又案《既夕》文与此同，郑注云：“哀戚不在於安。”绖带在衰裳之上，而云不说，则衰裳在内，不说可知。此据未葬前，故文在虞上，既虞后，寝有席，衰绖说可知也。云“既虞，翦屏柱楣”者，案《王制》云天子七月而葬，诸侯五月而葬，大夫士三月而葬。又案《士虞礼》既葬，反，日中而虞，郑注《士丧》“三虞”云：“虞，安也。”葬时送形而往，迎魂而反，反哭之时，入庙中，上堂不见，入室又不见，乃至適寝之中，旧殡之处，为虞祭，以安之。《礼记·檀弓》云“葬日虞，不忍一日离也。是日也，以虞易奠”是也。依《公羊传》云：天子九虞，诸侯七虞，大夫五虞，士三虞。今传言既虞，谓九虞、七虞、五虞、三虞之后，乃改旧庐，西乡开户，翦去户傍两厢屏之馀草。柱楯者，前梁谓之楣，楣下两头竖柱，施梁乃夹户傍之屏也。云“寝有席”者，案《间传》云“既虞，卒哭，柱楣翦屏，芐翦不纳”，郑云：“芐，今之蒲苹。”即此寝有席，谓蒲粗加於苫上也。云“食疏食，水饮”者，未虞以前，朝一溢米，夕一溢米而为粥。今既虞之后，用粗疏米为饭而食之，明不止朝一溢夕一溢而已，当以足为度。云饮水者，未虞以前，渴亦饮水，而在既虞后，与疏食同。言水饮者，恐虞后饮浆酪之等，故云饮水而已也。云“朝一哭夕一哭而已”者，此当《士虞礼》卒哭之后。彼云卒哭者，谓卒去庐中无时之哭，唯有朝夕於阼阶下有时之哭。《丧服》之中，三无时哭外，唯此卒哭之后，未练之前一节之閒是有时之哭，故云而已，言其不足之意。云“既练，舍外寝”者，谓十三月服七升冠，男子除首绖而带独存，妇人除於带而绖独存。又练布为冠，著绳，屦止舍外寝之中，不复居庐也。云“始食菜果，饭疏食”者，案《丧大记》“祥而食肉”，《閒传》云“大祥有醯酱，中月而禫，而饮醴酒，始饮酒者，先饮醴酒，始食肉者，先食乾肉”，《曲礼》云父母之丧，“有疾饮酒食肉，疾止复初”，皆为不以死伤生也。云“哭无时”者，此三无时哭中，谓练后垩室之中，或十日，或五日，思忆则哭。《大记》云“祥而外无哭者，禫而内无哭者”，皆在哭无时之限也。
　　○注“盈手”至“异数”。
　　○释(shi)曰(yue)(yue)：云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)五(wu)(wu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)杀(sha)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，象(xiang)五(wu)(wu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)数(shu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)五(wu)(wu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)，升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)数(shu)至(zhi)(zhi)多，若(ruo)绖带象(xiang)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)数(shu)，降(jiang)杀(sha)参(can)差难等。若(ruo)五(wu)(wu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)节，则(ze)(ze)降(jiang)杀(sha)易(yi)明，故(gu)(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)象(xiang)五(wu)(wu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)数(shu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“爵(jue)，谓(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)子(zi)诸(zhu)侯(hou)卿(qing)大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)士(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)《白虎通(tong)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“天(tian)(tian)子(zi)爵(jue)号。”又(you)夏殷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士(shi)无(wu)(wu)爵(jue)，周之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道，爵(jue)及命士(shi)通(tong)大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)自然(ran)(ran)(ran)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)爵(jue)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)天(tian)(tian)子(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)曰(yue)(yue)爵(jue)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“属犹著也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。通(tong)屈(qu)(qu)(qu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)条(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)绳为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)武(wu)(wu)(wu)，垂下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)缨，著之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)《礼(li)记(ji)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“丧(sang)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)条(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)属，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)别吉(ji)(ji)凶。”若(ruo)然(ran)(ran)(ran)，吉(ji)(ji)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)则(ze)(ze)缨、武(wu)(wu)(wu)别材(cai)，凶冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)则(ze)(ze)缨、武(wu)(wu)(wu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)材(cai)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)通(tong)屈(qu)(qu)(qu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)条(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)绳为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)武(wu)(wu)(wu)，谓(wei)(wei)将一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)条(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)绳从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)额上(shang)(shang)约之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，至(zhi)(zhi)项后(hou)(hou)(hou)交过，两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)相(xiang)各至(zhi)(zhi)耳，於(wu)武(wu)(wu)(wu)缀(zhui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，各垂於(wu)颐下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)结之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“著之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，武(wu)(wu)(wu)缨皆(jie)(jie)(jie)上(shang)(shang)属著冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)六(liu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，外(wai)(wai)毕(bi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“布八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)缕为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)无(wu)(wu)正(zheng)文(wen)(wen)，师师相(xiang)传言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)亦(yi)(yi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)缕谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宗(zong)，宗(zong)即(ji)古之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)《礼(li)》皆(jie)(jie)(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)登(deng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，俗(su)误(wu)已行久(jiu)矣”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)注(zhu)(zhu)《仪礼(li)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时，古今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)《礼(li)》并(bing)观，叠古文(wen)(wen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，则(ze)(ze)从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)经(jing)今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)文(wen)(wen)，若(ruo)叠今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)文(wen)(wen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，则(ze)(ze)从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)经(jing)古文(wen)(wen)。今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)注(zhu)(zhu)而(er)(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)《礼(li)》皆(jie)(jie)(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)登(deng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，与(yu)诸(zhu)注(zhu)(zhu)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)，则(ze)(ze)今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)古《礼(li)》皆(jie)(jie)(jie)作升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)字(zi)，俗(su)误(wu)已行久(jiu)矣也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)然(ran)(ran)(ran)，《论(lun)语》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“新(xin)穀既(ji)(ji)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”，升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)亦(yi)(yi)训(xun)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)成，今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)登(deng)不(bu)从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，凡织(zhi)纴(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)缕缕相(xiang)登(deng)，上(shang)(shang)乃成缯(zeng)布，登(deng)义强(qiang)於(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)登(deng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。引(yin)《杂记(ji)》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，证条(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)属是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)丧(sang)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，若(ruo)吉(ji)(ji)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)则(ze)(ze)缨、武(wu)(wu)(wu)异材(cai)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“三(san)(san)年(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)练(lian)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，亦(yi)(yi)条(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)属”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，欲见条(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)属以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)至(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)祥(xiang)，除(chu)衰(shuai)(shuai)杖(zhang)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)祥(xiang)除(chu)丧(sang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)际(ji)，朝服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)缟冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，当缨、武(wu)(wu)(wu)异材(cai)，从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)吉(ji)(ji)法也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“右缝(feng)(feng)(feng)，小(xiao)功(gong)(gong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)左”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)《大(da)(da)(da)(da)戴礼(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“大(da)(da)(da)(da)功(gong)(gong)已上(shang)(shang)唯(wei)(wei)(wei)唯(wei)(wei)(wei)，小(xiao)功(gong)(gong)已下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)额额。”然(ran)(ran)(ran)孝子(zi)朝夕哭(ku)在(zai)(zai)阼(zuo)阶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，西面吊(diao)(diao)，宾从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)外(wai)(wai)入(ru)门(men)(men)，北(bei)面见之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)功(gong)(gong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)，哀(ai)(ai)(ai)重其冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，三(san)(san)辟积，乡(xiang)右为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)阴，阴，唯(wei)(wei)(wei)唯(wei)(wei)(wei)然(ran)(ran)(ran)顺。小(xiao)功(gong)(gong)緦麻，哀(ai)(ai)(ai)轻(qing)，其冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)亦(yi)(yi)三(san)(san)辟积，乡(xiang)左为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)阳(yang)，吊(diao)(diao)宾入(ru)门(men)(men)，北(bei)乡(xiang)望之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，额额然(ran)(ran)(ran)逆。乡(xiang)宾二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)条(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)属，但(dan)从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)吉(ji)(ji)从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)凶不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“外(wai)(wai)毕(bi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)前(qian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)屈(qu)(qu)(qu)而(er)(er)出，缝(feng)(feng)(feng)於(wu)武(wu)(wu)(wu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)广二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)寸，落(luo)顶，前(qian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)头(tou)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)在(zai)(zai)武(wu)(wu)(wu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，乡(xiang)外(wai)(wai)出，反屈(qu)(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，缝(feng)(feng)(feng)於(wu)武(wu)(wu)(wu)而(er)(er)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)头(tou)缝(feng)(feng)(feng)，毕(bi)乡(xiang)外(wai)(wai)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)外(wai)(wai)毕(bi)。案(an)《曲礼(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“厌(yan)(yan)(yan)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)不(bu)入(ru)公门(men)(men)”，郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“厌(yan)(yan)(yan)犹伏也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。丧(sang)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)厌(yan)(yan)(yan)伏。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)名。由在(zai)(zai)武(wu)(wu)(wu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，出反屈(qu)(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)得(de)厌(yan)(yan)(yan)伏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名。《檀弓》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“古者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)缩缝(feng)(feng)(feng)，今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)衡(heng)缝(feng)(feng)(feng)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)丧(sang)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)反吉(ji)(ji)，非古也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)吉(ji)(ji)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)则(ze)(ze)辟积无(wu)(wu)杀(sha)，横缝(feng)(feng)(feng)，亦(yi)(yi)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)头(tou)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)在(zai)(zai)武(wu)(wu)(wu)上(shang)(shang)，乡(xiang)内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)，反屈(qu)(qu)(qu)而(er)(er)缝(feng)(feng)(feng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)得(de)厌(yan)(yan)(yan)伏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)曰(yue)(yue)溢，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)米(mi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，依筭法，百(bai)(bai)(bai)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)斤(jin)曰(yue)(yue)石，则(ze)(ze)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)斛。若(ruo)然(ran)(ran)(ran)，则(ze)(ze)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)斤(jin)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)斗，取(qu)(qu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)斤(jin)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)得(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)斤(jin)；馀二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)斤(jin)，斤(jin)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)斤(jin)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)取(qu)(qu)三(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)得(de)三(san)(san)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，添前(qian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)斤(jin)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。馀二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，取(qu)(qu)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)得(de)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，馀八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)累(lei)，八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)累(lei)，十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)得(de)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)累(lei)。添前(qian)则(ze)(ze)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)得(de)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)累(lei)。於(wu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，仍(reng)少十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)累(lei)。则(ze)(ze)别取(qu)(qu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)破为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)累(lei)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，则(ze)(ze)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)百(bai)(bai)(bai)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，又(you)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，则(ze)(ze)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)百(bai)(bai)(bai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，并(bing)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)累(lei)，添前(qian)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)百(bai)(bai)(bai)六(liu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)累(lei)，总为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)。直取(qu)(qu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)百(bai)(bai)(bai)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，馀二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)百(bai)(bai)(bai)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)累(lei)在(zai)(zai)，又(you)取(qu)(qu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)百(bai)(bai)(bai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)得(de)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，添前(qian)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)得(de)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，有(you)(you)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)累(lei)。四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)累(lei)，总为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)累(lei)，通(tong)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)累(lei)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)累(lei)，二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)得(de)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)累(lei)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)得(de)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，添前(qian)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，将二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)累(lei)添前(qian)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)累(lei)则(ze)(ze)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)累(lei)，则(ze)(ze)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)参(can)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)添前(qian)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，则(ze)(ze)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)添十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，外(wai)(wai)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)曰(yue)(yue)溢。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“楣(mei)(mei)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梁，所(suo)谓(wei)(wei)梁闇(an)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，所(suo)谓(wei)(wei)《书传》文(wen)(wen)。案(an)《丧(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)制》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“高(gao)宗(zong)谅(liang)闇(an)三(san)(san)年(nian)”，郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“谅(liang)，古作梁，楣(mei)(mei)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梁。闇(an)，读如鹑(chun)鹌(an)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鹌(an)，闇(an)谓(wei)(wei)庐(lu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。庐(lu)有(you)(you)梁者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，所(suo)谓(wei)(wei)柱(zhu)楣(mei)(mei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”即(ji)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)柱(zhu)楣(mei)(mei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“舍外(wai)(wai)寝，於(wu)中(zhong)(zhong)门(men)(men)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)(wai)，屋(wu)(wu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)垒墼为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。不(bu)涂塈，所(suo)谓(wei)(wei)垩(e)(e)室也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)至(zhi)(zhi)练(lian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)不(bu)居(ju)(ju)旧庐(lu)，还(hai)於(wu)庐(lu)处为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)屋(wu)(wu)。但(dan)天(tian)(tian)子(zi)五(wu)(wu)门(men)(men)，诸(zhu)侯(hou)三(san)(san)门(men)(men)，得(de)有(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)门(men)(men)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)士(shi)唯(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)大(da)(da)(da)(da)门(men)(men)、内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)门(men)(men)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)门(men)(men)而(er)(er)已。无(wu)(wu)中(zhong)(zhong)门(men)(men)而(er)(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)中(zhong)(zhong)门(men)(men)外(wai)(wai)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)《士(shi)丧(sang)礼(li)》及《既(ji)(ji)夕》，外(wai)(wai)位唯(wei)(wei)(wei)在(zai)(zai)寝门(men)(men)外(wai)(wai)，其东(dong)(dong)壁有(you)(you)庐(lu)，垩(e)(e)室。若(ruo)然(ran)(ran)(ran)，则(ze)(ze)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)门(men)(men)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)门(men)(men)，据内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)外(wai)(wai)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)有(you)(you)哭(ku)位，其门(men)(men)在(zai)(zai)外(wai)(wai)，内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)位中(zhong)(zhong)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)门(men)(men)，非谓(wei)(wei)在(zai)(zai)外(wai)(wai)门(men)(men)、内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)门(men)(men)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)门(men)(men)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)屋(wu)(wu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)垒墼为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，东(dong)(dong)壁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)，旧本(ben)无(wu)(wu)屋(wu)(wu)，而(er)(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)屋(wu)(wu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)(wei)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)屋(wu)(wu)，谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)屋(wu)(wu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)。对庐(lu)偏加(jia)东(dong)(dong)壁，非两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庐(lu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)不(bu)涂塈者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)(wei)翦屏(ping)而(er)(er)已，不(bu)泥涂塈饰(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)所(suo)谓(wei)(wei)垩(e)(e)室者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《閒(xian)传》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)父(fu)母之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧(sang)，既(ji)(ji)虞(yu)(yu)(yu)，翦屏(ping)，期而(er)(er)小(xiao)祥(xiang)，居(ju)(ju)垩(e)(e)室。彼练(lian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)居(ju)(ju)垩(e)(e)室，即(ji)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)外(wai)(wai)寝，故(gu)(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)所(suo)谓(wei)(wei)垩(e)(e)室也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“谓(wei)(wei)复平(ping)生时食也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)食为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)饲(si)读之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)得(de)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)食读之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，知(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，天(tian)(tian)子(zi)已下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，平(ping)常(chang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)食皆(jie)(jie)(jie)有(you)(you)牲牢、鱼(yu)腊。练(lian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)始食菜果(guo)，未得(de)食肉饮酒(jiu)，何(he)得(de)平(ping)常(chang)时食，明专据米(mi)饭而(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其初据一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)溢米(mi)而(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)，既(ji)(ji)虞(yu)(yu)(yu)，饭疏食，食亦(yi)(yi)米(mi)饭也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)既(ji)(ji)练(lian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，复平(ping)生时食，食亦(yi)(yi)据米(mi)饭而(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其古者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)名饭为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)食，与(yu)《公食大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)同(tong)(tong)(tong)音也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“斩(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)不(bu)书受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)”云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)，凡丧(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)表哀(ai)(ai)(ai)，哀(ai)(ai)(ai)有(you)(you)盛时、杀(sha)时，服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)乃随哀(ai)(ai)(ai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)降(jiang)杀(sha)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)初服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)粗，至(zhi)(zhi)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)练(lian)，后(hou)(hou)(hou)大(da)(da)(da)(da)祥(xiang)，后(hou)(hou)(hou)渐(jian)细加(jia)饰(shi)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)，斩(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)裳(shang)三(san)(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)六(liu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，既(ji)(ji)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)，衰(shuai)(shuai)裳(shang)六(liu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)七(qi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，小(xiao)祥(xiang)又(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)，衰(shuai)(shuai)裳(shang)七(qi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。自馀齐衰(shuai)(shuai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时，差降(jiang)可知(zhi)。然(ran)(ran)(ran)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)有(you)(you)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，有(you)(you)不(bu)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，案(an)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)《齐衰(shuai)(shuai)三(san)(san)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)章(zhang)(zhang)》及《殇大(da)(da)(da)(da)功(gong)(gong)章(zhang)(zhang)》，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)无(wu)(wu)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)，《正(zheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)功(gong)(gong)章(zhang)(zhang)》即(ji)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)三(san)(san)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)小(xiao)功(gong)(gong)衰(shuai)(shuai)即(ji)葛九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《斩(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)章(zhang)(zhang)》及《齐衰(shuai)(shuai)章(zhang)(zhang)》应言(yan)(yan)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，而(er)(er)不(bu)言(yan)(yan)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)君特解之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。案(an)《杂记(ji)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：天(tian)(tian)子(zi)七(qi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)而(er)(er)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)，九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)而(er)(er)卒(zu)(zu)哭(ku)；诸(zhu)侯(hou)五(wu)(wu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)而(er)(er)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)，七(qi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)而(er)(er)卒(zu)(zu)哭(ku)；大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)三(san)(san)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)而(er)(er)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)，五(wu)(wu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)而(er)(er)卒(zu)(zu)哭(ku)；士(shi)三(san)(san)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)而(er)(er)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)而(er)(er)卒(zu)(zu)哭(ku)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)天(tian)(tian)子(zi)已下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，虞(yu)(yu)(yu)、卒(zu)(zu)哭(ku)异数(shu)，尊卑(bei)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)讫反日(ri)中(zhong)(zhong)而(er)(er)虞(yu)(yu)(yu)。天(tian)(tian)子(zi)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)虞(yu)(yu)(yu)，诸(zhu)侯(hou)七(qi)虞(yu)(yu)(yu)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)五(wu)(wu)虞(yu)(yu)(yu)，虞(yu)(yu)(yu)讫即(ji)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。士(shi)三(san)(san)虞(yu)(yu)(yu)，待卒(zu)(zu)哭(ku)乃受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。必然(ran)(ran)(ran)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)已上(shang)(shang)，卒(zu)(zu)哭(ku)在(zai)(zai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，虞(yu)(yu)(yu)在(zai)(zai)前(qian)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，日(ri)已多，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)虞(yu)(yu)(yu)即(ji)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，不(bu)得(de)至(zhi)(zhi)卒(zu)(zu)哭(ku)。士(shi)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，卒(zu)(zu)哭(ku)与(yu)虞(yu)(yu)(yu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)待卒(zu)(zu)哭(ku)后(hou)(hou)(hou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)不(bu)言(yan)(yan)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《丧(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》总包(bao)天(tian)(tian)子(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，若(ruo)言(yan)(yan)七(qi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，唯(wei)(wei)(wei)据天(tian)(tian)子(zi)，若(ruo)言(yan)(yan)五(wu)(wu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，唯(wei)(wei)(wei)据诸(zhu)侯(hou)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)不(bu)该上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)周公设经(jing)，没去受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen)，欲见上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)俱含(han)故(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

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