商陵君养“龙”
有献陵(ling)(ling)鲤于商(shang)陵(ling)(ling)君(jun)(jun)者,以(yi)为龙(long)(long)(long)焉。商(shang)陵(ling)(ling)君(jun)(jun)大悦,问(wen)其食(shi),曰(yue):“蚁。”商(shang)陵(ling)(ling)君(jun)(jun)豢而(er)驯之(zhi)(zhi)。或(huo)曰(yue):“是(shi)陵(ling)(ling)鲤也(ye)(ye),非龙(long)(long)(long)也(ye)(ye)。”商(shang)陵(ling)(ling)君(jun)(jun)怒(nu)而(er)抶之(zhi)(zhi)。于是(shi)左(zuo)(zuo)右皆惧,莫敢(gan)言(yan)非龙(long)(long)(long)者,遂从而(er)神之(zhi)(zhi)。商(shang)陵(ling)(ling)君(jun)(jun)观龙(long)(long)(long),龙(long)(long)(long)卷屈如丸,倏而(er)伸,左(zuo)(zuo)右皆佯惊,称龙(long)(long)(long)之(zhi)(zhi)神。夜穴壁而(er)逝,左(zuo)(zuo)右走报:“龙(long)(long)(long)壮,今果穿(chuan)石而(er)去!”商(shang)陵(ling)(ling)君(jun)(jun)悼(dao)惜不已,仍养蚁以(yi)伺(si),冀龙(long)(long)(long)复来(lai)也(ye)(ye)。无(wu)何,天大雨,震(zhen)(zhen)电,真龙(long)(long)(long)出焉。商(shang)陵(ling)(ling)君(jun)(jun)以(yi)为豢龙(long)(long)(long)来(lai)也(ye)(ye),持蚁以(yi)邀之(zhi)(zhi)。龙(long)(long)(long)怒(nu)震(zhen)(zhen)其宫,商(shang)陵(ling)(ling)君(jun)(jun)死。
【注释(shi)】①陵鲤(li):即(ji)穿山甲,喜食蚁。②商(shang)陵君:作(zuo)者刘基虚构的人物。③抶:鞭打。
【文言知识】
说(shuo)“冀(ji)”、“期”、“希”。这(zhei)三个(ge)词都(dou)有(you)(you)“希望”的含(han)义。上文“冀(ji)龙复来也(ye)(ye)(ye)”。意为(wei)希望龙再(zai)回来。这(zhei)句(ju)话也(ye)(ye)(ye)可说(shuo)成“期龙复来也(ye)(ye)(ye)”。又,“期有(you)(you)所获(huo)”,意为(wei)希望有(you)(you)所收获(huo)。又,“希君见之(zhi)”,意为(wei)希望你能(neng)接见他。当(dang)然,这(zhei)三个(ge)词各自还(hai)有(you)(you)另外的解释,这(zhei)里不(bu)再(zai)一一列举。
【思考与练习】
1、解释:①倏 ②佯(yang) ③走 ④伺 ⑤无何(he)
2、翻(fan)译:①商陵君豢而驯之(zhi)
②遂从而神之 ;③夜穴壁而逝 ;④悼惜不已(yi)
参考答案:
1.①一下子②假装③奔④等候⑤不多久
2.①商陵君养它并使它温顺②就跟着商陵君认为它是神③夜里穿透墙壁逃走了④痛惜不停