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说剑

作者:钟丽 文章来源:会员上传 请你点此纠错或发表评论

【题解】

《说剑(jian)》以义名篇,内容(rong)就是写庄(zhuang)子(zi)说剑(jian)。赵文王喜(xi)欢剑(jian),整天与剑(jian)士为伍而不料(liao)理朝政,庄(zhuang)子(zi)前往游说。庄(zhuang)子(zi)说剑(jian)有三种(zhong),即天子(zi)之(zhi)剑(jian),诸侯之(zhi)剑(jian)和(he)庶(shu)民之(zhi)剑(jian),委(wei)婉地指出(chu)赵文王的所为实际上是庶(shu)民之(zhi)剑(jian),而希望(wang)他能成为天子(zi)之(zhi)剑(jian)。

如果说(shuo)《让王》、《盗跖》已不类庄(zhuang)(zhuang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之文(wen),那么《说(shuo)剑》就更非庄(zhuang)(zhuang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之文(wen)了。篇文(wen)中确有“庄(zhuang)(zhuang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)”其名,但《说(shuo)剑》里的(de)庄(zhuang)(zhuang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)已不是(shi)(shi)倡导无为(wei)无已、逍遥顺应(ying)、齐物齐论中的(de)庄(zhuang)(zhuang)子(zi)(zi)(zi),完全(quan)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)个说(shuo)客,即(ji)战国(guo)时代的(de)策(ce)士形象,而内容也(ye)完全(quan)离开了《庄(zhuang)(zhuang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)》的(de)主旨。因此,本(ben)篇历来认(ren)为(wei)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)伪(wei)作(zuo),也(ye)不是(shi)(shi)庄(zhuang)(zhuang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)学(xue)派的(de)作(zuo)品(pin),应(ying)该看作(zuo)是(shi)(shi)假托庄(zhuang)(zhuang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之名的(de)策(ce)士之文(wen)。

【原文】

昔赵文王(wang)喜剑(jian)(1),剑(jian)士夹门而客三千余下(2),日夜(ye)相(xiang)击(ji)于前,死伤(shang)者岁百余人,好(hao)之不(bu)厌(3)。如是三年,国衰,诸侯谋之。太子(zi)悝患之(4),募左右曰(yue)(5):“孰能说(shuo)王(wang)之意止剑(jian)士者(6),赐之千金。”左右曰(yue):“庄子(zi)当(dang)能。”

太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)乃使(shi)人以(yi)千(qian)(qian)金(jin)奉(feng)庄子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(7)。庄子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)弗受(shou),与使(shi)者(zhe)俱,往见(jian)太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰:“太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)何(he)以(yi)教周,赐周千(qian)(qian)金(jin)?”太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰:“闻夫子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)明圣,谨奉(feng)千(qian)(qian)金(jin)以(yi)币从者(zhe)(8)。夫子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)弗受(shou),悝尚何(he)敢言!”庄子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰:“闻太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)所欲(yu)(yu)用(yong)周者(zhe),欲(yu)(yu)绝王(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)喜好也。使(shi)臣上(shang)说(shuo)大(da)王(wang)(wang)而(er)逆王(wang)(wang)意(9),下(xia)不当太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(10),则身刑而(er)死(si),周尚安所事(shi)金(jin)乎(hu)?使(shi)臣上(shang)说(shuo)大(da)王(wang)(wang),下(xia)当太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),赵国(guo)何(he)求(qiu)而(er)不得也!”太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰:“然。吾王(wang)(wang)所见(jian),唯剑士也。”庄子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰:“诺。周善(shan)为剑。”太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰:“然吾王(wang)(wang)所见(jian)剑士,皆蓬头突髻垂冠(11),曼胡之(zhi)(zhi)缨(12),短后之(zhi)(zhi)衣(13),瞋目而(er)语(yu)难(14),王(wang)(wang)乃说(shuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(15)。今夫子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)必儒服而(er)见(jian)王(wang)(wang),事(shi)必大(da)逆(16)。”庄子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰:“请治(zhi)剑服。”治(zhi)剑服三日,乃见(jian)太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)乃与见(jian)王(wang)(wang)(17),王(wang)(wang)脱白刃待之(zhi)(zhi)(18)。

【译文】

当年(nian)赵文(wen)(wen)王喜好剑(jian)(jian)术,击剑(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)人(ren)蜂(feng)拥而(er)至门下(xia)食(shi)客(ke)三(san)千余(yu)人(ren),在赵文(wen)(wen)王面前日夜相互比(bi)试剑(jian)(jian)术,死伤的(de)(de)剑(jian)(jian)客(ke)每(mei)年(nian)都有(you)(you)百余(yu)人(ren),而(er)赵文(wen)(wen)王喜好击剑(jian)(jian)从来就不曾得到满足。像(xiang)这样过了三(san)年(nian),国力日益衰退,各(ge)国诸侯都在谋算怎样攻打(da)赵国。太子(zi)悝十分担(dan)忧,征求(qiu)左右(you)近(jin)侍说(shuo)(shuo):“谁(shei)能(neng)(neng)够说(shuo)(shuo)服赵王停(ting)止比(bi)试剑(jian)(jian)术,赠予他千金。”左右(you)近(jin)侍说(shuo)(shuo):“只有(you)(you)庄(zhuang)子(zi)能(neng)(neng)够担(dan)当此(ci)任。”

太子于是派人携带千金厚礼赠送给庄子。庄子不接受,跟随使者一道,前往会见太子说:“太子有什么见教,赐给我千金的厚礼?”太子说:“听说先生通达贤明,谨此奉上千金用以犒赏从者。先生不愿接受,我还有什么可说的!”庄子说:“听说太子想要用我,意欲断绝赵王对剑术的爱好。假如我对上游说赵王却违拗了赵王的心意,对下也未能符合太子的意愿。那也就一定会遭受刑戮而死去,我还哪里用得着这些赠礼呢?假如我对上能说服赵王,对下能合于太子的心愿,在赵国这片天地上我希望得到什么难道还得不到!”太子说:“是这样。父王的心目中,只有击剑的人。”庄子说:“好的,我也善于运用剑术。”太子说:“不过父王所见到的击剑人,全都头发蓬乱、髻毛突出、帽子低垂,帽缨粗实,衣服紧身,瞪大眼睛而且气喘语塞,大王竟喜欢见到这样打扮的人。如今先生一定是穿儒服去会见赵王,事情一定会弄糟。”庄子说:“请让我准备剑士的服装。”三天以后剑士的服装裁制完毕,于是面见太子。太子就跟庄子一道拜见赵王,赵王解下利剑等待着庄子。

【原文】

庄子(zi)入殿门(men)不趋(1),见王不拜。王曰(yue):“子(zi)欲何(he)以教(jiao)寡人(ren),使太子(zi)先。”曰(yue):“臣闻大王喜剑(jian),故以剑(jian)见王。”王曰(yue):“子(zi)之(zhi)剑(jian)何(he)能(neng)禁制(zhi)(2)?”曰(yue):“臣之(zhi)剑(jian),十步一人(ren)(3),千里不留行(4)。”王大悦之(zhi),曰(yue):“天(tian)下无敌矣(yi)!”

庄子(zi)曰:“夫为剑(jian)(jian)者(zhe),示之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)虚(xu),开(kai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)利,后(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)发,先(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)至。愿得试(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”王曰:“夫子(zi)休就舍待命(5),令设戏请(qing)夫子(zi)(6)。”王乃校剑(jian)(jian)士七日(7),死伤(shang)者(zhe)六(liu)十余人,得五六(liu)人,使(shi)奉剑(jian)(jian)于殿下(8),乃召庄子(zi)。王曰:“今日试(shi)(shi)使(shi)士敦剑(jian)(jian)(9)。”庄子(zi)曰:“望(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)久矣。”王曰:“夫子(zi)所御(yu)杖(10),长短何如?”曰:“臣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所奉皆(jie)可。然臣有(you)三剑(jian)(jian),唯(wei)王所用,请(qing)先(xian)言而后(hou)试(shi)(shi)。”

王(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“愿闻三剑(jian)。”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“有天子剑(jian),有诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯剑(jian),有庶(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)剑(jian)。”王(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“天子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)剑(jian)何如(ru)?”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“天子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)剑(jian),以(yi)燕(yan)谿石(shi)城(cheng)为(wei)(wei)锋(feng)(11),齐岱为(wei)(wei)锷(12),晋魏为(wei)(wei)脊(13),周宋为(wei)(wei)镡(14),韩魏为(wei)(wei)夹(jia)(15);包以(yi)四(si)夷,裹以(yi)四(si)时(shi)(shi),绕(rao)以(yi)渤海,带(dai)以(yi)常山(16);制以(yi)五行(17),论以(yi)刑(xing)德(18);开(kai)以(yi)阴阳(yang),持以(yi)春秋(qiu),行以(yi)秋(qiu)冬(dong)。此(ci)剑(jian),直之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)无(wu)前(19),举(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)无(wu)上(shang),案之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)无(wu)下(xia)(20),运之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)无(wu)旁,上(shang)决浮云(yun)(21),下(xia)绝地纪(22)。此(ci)剑(jian)一(yi)用,匡诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(23),天下(xia)服(fu)矣。此(ci)天子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)剑(jian)也(ye)。”文王(wang)(wang)芒然自失(24),曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)剑(jian)何如(ru)?”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)剑(jian),以(yi)知(zhi)勇士为(wei)(wei)锋(feng)(25),以(yi)清廉士为(wei)(wei)锷,以(yi)贤(xian)良(liang)士为(wei)(wei)脊,以(yi)忠(zhong)圣士为(wei)(wei)镡,以(yi)豪杰士为(wei)(wei)夹(jia)。此(ci)剑(jian),直之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亦无(wu)前,举(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亦无(wu)上(shang),案之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亦无(wu)下(xia),运之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亦无(wu)旁;上(shang)法圆天以(yi)顺(shun)三光(26),下(xia)法方地以(yi)顺(shun)四(si)时(shi)(shi),中和民(min)意以(yi)安四(si)乡(27)。此(ci)剑(jian)一(yi)用,如(ru)雷霆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)震也(ye),四(si)封之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)内(nei)(28),无(wu)不(bu)宾服(fu)而听从君(jun)命(ming)者矣(29)。此(ci)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)剑(jian)也(ye)。”王(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“庶(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)剑(jian)何如(ru)?”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“庶(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)剑(jian),蓬头(tou)突髻垂冠,曼胡之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)缨,短后之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)衣,瞋目而语(yu)难。相(xiang)击(ji)于(yu)(yu)前,上(shang)斩颈领,下(xia)决肝肺(fei),此(ci)庶(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)剑(jian),无(wu)异于(yu)(yu)斗鸡,一(yi)旦(dan)命(ming)已绝矣,无(wu)所用于(yu)(yu)国事(shi)。今大王(wang)(wang)有天子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)而好(hao)庶(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)剑(jian),臣窃(qie)为(wei)(wei)大王(wang)(wang)薄之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(30)。”

王乃(nai)牵而上殿。宰(zai)人上食,王三(san)(san)环之(31)。庄子曰(yue):“大王安(an)坐(zuo)定气(qi),剑(jian)事已毕(bi)奏(zou)矣。”于是(shi)文王不出宫(gong)三(san)(san)月,剑(jian)士皆服毙自处(chu)也(32)。

【译文】

庄(zhuang)子(zi)不急(ji)不忙地进入(ru)殿内,见到赵(zhao)王(wang)(wang)也不行跪(gui)拜之(zhi)礼。赵(zhao)王(wang)(wang)说(shuo):“你想用(yong)什么话来开(kai)导(dao)我,而且(qie)让太子(zi)先作引荐。”庄(zhuang)子(zi)说(shuo):“我听(ting)说(shuo)大王(wang)(wang)喜好剑(jian)(jian)术(shu)(shu)(shu),特地用(yong)剑(jian)(jian)术(shu)(shu)(shu)来参(can)见大王(wang)(wang)。”赵(zhao)王(wang)(wang)说(shuo):“你的剑(jian)(jian)术(shu)(shu)(shu)怎样能(neng)遏阻(zu)剑(jian)(jian)手(shou)、战(zhan)胜对方呢?”庄(zhuang)子(zi)说(shuo):“我的剑(jian)(jian)术(shu)(shu)(shu),十步之(zhi)内可(ke)杀一人,行走千里也不会受人阻(zu)留。”赵(zhao)王(wang)(wang)听(ting)了大喜,说(shuo):“天下没有谁是你的对手(shou)了!”

庄(zhuang)子(zi)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“击(ji)剑(jian)(jian)的要(yao)(yao)领是,有意把弱(ruo)点显(xian)露给对(dui)(dui)方,再(zai)用(yong)(yong)有机可乘之处引诱(you)对(dui)(dui)方,后(hou)于对(dui)(dui)手发起攻(gong)击(ji),同(tong)时(shi)要(yao)(yao)抢先击(ji)中对(dui)(dui)手。希望有机会(hui)能试(shi)(shi)试(shi)(shi)我(wo)的剑(jian)(jian)法。”赵王(wang)(wang)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“先生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)暂回馆(guan)舍休息等(deng)待(dai)通知(zhi),我(wo)将安排好击(ji)剑(jian)(jian)比武(wu)的盛会(hui)再(zai)请先生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)出面比武(wu)。”赵王(wang)(wang)于是用(yong)(yong)七天(tian)时(shi)间让(rang)(rang)剑(jian)(jian)士们比武(wu)较(jiao)量,死(si)伤六(liu)十多人,从中挑选出五六(liu)人,让(rang)(rang)他们拿着剑(jian)(jian)在(zai)殿堂下等(deng)候,这才召见庄(zhuang)子(zi)。赵王(wang)(wang)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“今天(tian)可让(rang)(rang)剑(jian)(jian)士们跟先生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)比试(shi)(shi)剑(jian)(jian)术了。”庄(zhuang)子(zi)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“我(wo)已经盼望很久了。”赵王(wang)(wang)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“先生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)所习惯使用(yong)(yong)的宝剑(jian)(jian),长短怎么样(yang)?”庄(zhuang)子(zi)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“我(wo)的剑(jian)(jian)术长短都适应(ying)。不(bu)过我(wo)有三种剑(jian)(jian),任凭大王(wang)(wang)选用(yong)(yong),请让(rang)(rang)我(wo)先作些说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)明然后(hou)再(zai)行比试(shi)(shi)。”

赵王(wang)说(shuo)(shuo):“愿(yuan)意(yi)听(ting)听(ting)你介绍三种剑(jian)(jian)。”庄子(zi)说(shuo)(shuo):“有(you)天子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)剑(jian)(jian),有(you)诸(zhu)侯(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)剑(jian)(jian),有(you)百姓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)剑(jian)(jian)。”赵王(wang)说(shuo)(shuo):“天子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)剑(jian)(jian)怎么(me)(me)(me)样(yang)?”庄子(zi)说(shuo)(shuo):“天子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)剑(jian)(jian),拿(na)(na)(na)燕谿的石城山(shan)(shan)做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)剑(jian)(jian)尖,拿(na)(na)(na)齐国的泰山(shan)(shan)做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)剑(jian)(jian)刃,拿(na)(na)(na)晋(jin)国和卫国做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)剑(jian)(jian)脊,拿(na)(na)(na)周(zhou)王(wang)畿和宋(song)国做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)剑(jian)(jian)环,拿(na)(na)(na)韩国和魏国做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)剑(jian)(jian)柄;用(yong)中原以外(wai)的四(si)境(jing)来(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)包扎,用(yong)四(si)季来(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)围裹,用(yong)渤海来(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)缠绕(rao),用(yong)恒山(shan)(shan)来(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)系(xi)带;靠五行来(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)统驭,靠刑律和德教来(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)论断;遵循(xun)(xun)阴(yin)阳的变化而进退,遵循(xun)(xun)春(chun)秋的时令(ling)而持延,遵循(xun)(xun)秋冬的到来(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)而运(yun)行。这(zhei)种剑(jian)(jian),向(xiang)(xiang)前直刺一无阻(zu)挡,高(gao)高(gao)举(ju)起(qi)无物(wu)在上,按剑(jian)(jian)向(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)所向(xiang)(xiang)披靡,挥动(dong)起(qi)来(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)旁若无物(wu),向(xiang)(xiang)上割裂(lie)浮云,向(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)斩(zhan)断地纪。这(zhei)种剑(jian)(jian)一旦使用(yong),可以匡正诸(zhu)侯(hou),使天下(xia)(xia)人(ren)全都归(gui)服。这(zhei)就是天子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)剑(jian)(jian)。”赵文王(wang)听(ting)了(le)茫然若有(you)所失,说(shuo)(shuo):“诸(zhu)侯(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)剑(jian)(jian)怎么(me)(me)(me)样(yang)?”庄子(zi)说(shuo)(shuo):“诸(zhu)侯(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)剑(jian)(jian),拿(na)(na)(na)智勇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)剑(jian)(jian)尖,拿(na)(na)(na)清廉(lian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)剑(jian)(jian)刃,拿(na)(na)(na)贤良之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)剑(jian)(jian)脊,拿(na)(na)(na)忠诚圣明之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)剑(jian)(jian)环,拿(na)(na)(na)豪杰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)剑(jian)(jian)柄。这(zhei)种剑(jian)(jian),向(xiang)(xiang)前直刺也(ye)一无阻(zu)挡,高(gao)高(gao)举(ju)起(qi)也(ye)无物(wu)在上,按剑(jian)(jian)向(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)也(ye)所向(xiang)(xiang)披靡,挥动(dong)起(qi)来(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)也(ye)旁若无物(wu);对(dui)上效(xiao)法于天而顺应(ying)日月星辰,对(dui)下(xia)(xia)取法于地而顺应(ying)四(si)时序列,居中则(ze)顺和民意(yi)而安(an)定四(si)方。这(zhei)种剑(jian)(jian)一旦使用(yong),就好(hao)像雷霆震撼四(si)境(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)内,没(mei)有(you)不(bu)(bu)归(gui)服而听(ting)从国君号令(ling)的。这(zhei)就是诸(zhu)侯(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)剑(jian)(jian)。”赵王(wang)说(shuo)(shuo):“百姓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)剑(jian)(jian)又怎么(me)(me)(me)样(yang)呢(ni)?”庄子(zi)说(shuo)(shuo):“百姓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)剑(jian)(jian),全都头发蓬乱、髻毛突出、帽(mao)子(zi)低垂,帽(mao)缨粗实,衣服紧身,瞪大(da)眼睛而且气喘语塞。相互在人(ren)前争(zheng)斗刺杀,上能斩(zhan)断脖颈,下(xia)(xia)能剖裂(lie)肝肺,这(zhei)就是百姓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)剑(jian)(jian),跟斗鸡没(mei)有(you)什么(me)(me)(me)不(bu)(bu)同,一旦命(ming)尽气绝,对(dui)于国事就什么(me)(me)(me)用(yong)处也(ye)没(mei)有(you)。如今大(da)王(wang)拥有(you)夺取天下(xia)(xia)的地位却喜好(hao)百姓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)剑(jian)(jian),我私下(xia)(xia)认(ren)为大(da)王(wang)应(ying)当(dang)鄙薄这(zhei)种做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)法。”

赵(zhao)文(wen)王(wang)于是牵(qian)着庄子(zi)来到殿(dian)上(shang)。厨师献上(shang)食物,赵(zhao)王(wang)绕(rao)(rao)着坐(zuo)席惭愧地绕(rao)(rao)了三圈。庄子(zi)说:“大王(wang)安坐(zuo)下(xia)来定定心气,有关剑术(shu)之事(shi)我(wo)已启(qi)奏完毕。”于是赵(zhao)文(wen)王(wang)三月不(bu)出宫门,剑士们(men)都在自己的(de)住处自刎而死。

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