西汉刘秀《上山海经表》
侍中(zhong)奉车都尉(wei)光禄(lu)大夫臣(chen)秀(xiu)领校、秘(mi)书(shu)言校、秘(mi)书(shu)太常属臣(chen)望(wang)所(suo)校《山(shan)海(hai)(hai)经》凡三十二(er),今定为一十八(ba)(ba)篇,已定。《山(shan)海(hai)(hai)经》者(zhe)(zhe),出於唐(tang)虞(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)际(ji)。昔洪(hong)水洋溢(yi),漫(man)衍中(zhong)国,民人(ren)(ren)失据,[危(wei)攵(po)][阝区]於丘(qiu)陵,巢於树木。鲧既(ji)无功,而帝尧使禹(yu)继(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。禹(yu)乘四载(zai),随山(shan)刊本(ben),定高(gao)山(shan)大川。益(yi)与伯翳主(zhu)驱禽兽,命(ming)山(shan)川,类(lei)草(cao)木,别(bie)水土(tu),四岳佐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以周四方,逮人(ren)(ren)迹所(suo)希至,及舟(zhou)舆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)罕到。内别(bie)五方之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)山(shan),外(wai)分八(ba)(ba)方之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)海(hai)(hai),纪其珍宝奇物(wu),异方之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)生,水土(tu)草(cao)木禽兽昆虫麟凤之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)止,祯祥之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)隐(yin),及四海(hai)(hai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)绝域之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)国,殊(shu)类(lei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)。禹(yu)别(bie)九州,任(ren)土(tu)作贡,而益(yi)等类(lei)物(wu)善恶,著《山(shan)海(hai)(hai)经》,皆圣(sheng)贤之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)遗(yi)事,古文之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)著明者(zhe)(zhe)也。
其(qi)事质明有(you)(you)信。考(kao)武(wu)皇帝时,尝有(you)(you)献异(yi)鸟(niao)者(zhe)。食之(zhi)百物(wu),所(suo)(suo)不(bu)肯食。东方朔见之(zhi),言(yan)其(qi)鸟(niao)名,又言(yan)其(qi)所(suo)(suo)当食,如朔言(yan)。问(wen)朔何以知(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi),即《山(shan)海经》所(suo)(suo)出(chu)也。考(kao)宣帝时,击[石(shi)番]石(shi)於上(shang)郡,陷(xian)得石(shi)室,其(qi)中有(you)(you)反(fan)缚(fu)盗械人。时臣(chen)秀父向为(wei)谏议(yi)大(da)夫,言(yan)此贰负之(zhi)臣(chen)也。诏问(wen)何以知(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi),亦(yi)以《山(shan)海经》对(dui)。其(qi)文(wen)曰(yue):“贰负杀窫寙,帝乃梏(gu)之(zhi)疏属之(zhi)山(shan),桎(zhi)其(qi)右足,反(fan)缚(fu)两(liang)手(shou)。”上(shang)大(da)惊。朝士由是(shi)多奇《山(shan)海经》者(zhe),文(wen)学(xue)大(da)儒皆读学(xue),以为(wei)奇可(ke)以考(kao)祯祥变怪之(zhi)物(wu),见远(yuan)国异(yi)人之(zhi)谣俗。故《易(yi)》曰(yue):“言(yan)天下之(zhi)至(zhi)赜而不(bu)可(ke)乱也。”博物(wu)之(zhi)君子(zi)其(qi)可(ke)不(bu)惑(huo)焉。
臣秀昧死谨上。