●卷四
乐师掌(zhang)国(guo)学之政，以教(jiao)国(guo)子小舞(wu)。（谓以年幼少时教(jiao)之舞(wu)。《内(nei)则》曰：“十(shi)(shi)三(san)舞(wu)《勺(shao)》，成童(tong)舞(wu)《象》，二十(shi)(shi)舞(wu)《大夏》。”）
[疏]“乐师”至“小舞”
○释曰：此乐师教小舞，即下文舞已下是也。此言小舞，即大司乐教《云门》已下为大舞也。
○注“谓以”至“大夏”
○释(shi)曰(yue)：云(yun)(yun)“谓以(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)幼少时教之舞(wu)(wu)”，对二十(shi)已(yi)後学大(da)舞(wu)(wu)，郑知者，所(suo)引《内(nei)则》文是也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“十(shi)三舞(wu)(wu)勺”者，按彼上文云(yun)(yun)“十(shi)年(nian)出(chu)就(jiu)外(wai)傅(fu)”，又云(yun)(yun)“十(shi)三舞(wu)(wu)《勺》”，《勺》即《周颂(song)·酌(zhuo)》，序(xu)云(yun)(yun)：“《酌(zhuo)》，告(gao)成(cheng)(cheng)《大(da)武》也(ye)，言(yan)能酌(zhuo)先祖之道(dao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)养(yang)天(tian)下(xia)(xia)也(ye)。”郑注云(yun)(yun)“周公居摄六年(nian)所(suo)作”是也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“成(cheng)(cheng)童舞(wu)(wu)《象(xiang)》”者，即《周颂(song)》序(xu)云(yun)(yun)“《维清(qing)》，奏《象(xiang)舞(wu)(wu)》”，注云(yun)(yun)“《象(xiang)舞(wu)(wu)》，象(xiang)用兵时刺伐之舞(wu)(wu)，武王制焉”是也(ye)。此皆(jie)诗(shi)(shi)，诗(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)乐(le)章，与(yu)舞(wu)(wu)人为(wei)(wei)节(jie)，故以(yi)(yi)(yi)诗(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)舞(wu)(wu)也(ye)。此《勺》与(yu)《象(xiang)》皆(jie)小舞(wu)(wu)所(suo)用，幼少时学之也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“二十(shi)舞(wu)(wu)《大(da)夏(xia)》”者，人年(nian)二十(shi)，加冠成(cheng)(cheng)人，而(er)舞(wu)(wu)《大(da)夏(xia)》。《大(da)夏(xia)》，夏(xia)禹之舞(wu)(wu)。虽举(ju)《大(da)夏(xia)》，其(qi)实《云(yun)(yun)门》已(yi)下(xia)(xia)六舞(wu)(wu)皆(jie)学。以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)自夏(xia)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上揖让而(er)得天(tian)下(xia)(xia)，自夏(xia)以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)征伐而(er)得天(tian)下(xia)(xia)，夏(xia)为(wei)(wei)文武中，故特举(ju)之，可以(yi)(yi)(yi)兼前後也(ye)。
凡舞，有舞，有羽舞，有皇舞，有旄舞，有干舞，有人舞。（故书“皇”作“{羽王}”。郑司农云：“舞者，全羽。羽舞者，析羽。皇舞者，以羽冒覆头上，衣饰翡翠之羽。旄舞者，牛之尾。干舞者，兵舞。人舞者，手舞。社稷以，宗庙以羽，四方以皇，辟雍以旄，兵事以干，星辰以人舞。{羽王}读为皇，书亦或为皇。”玄谓，析五采缯，今灵星舞子持之是也。皇，杂五采羽如凤皇色，持以舞。人舞无所执，以手袖为威仪。四方以羽，宗庙以人，山川以干，旱以皇。
○少，诗照反。勺，章略反。，音(yin)拂(fu)，一音(yin)弗。{羽(yu)王}，音(yin)皇。析，星(xing)历反，下同。，旧音(yin)毛，刘音(yin)来，沈音(yin)狸，或音(yin)茅，字或作(zuo)，或作(zuo)，皆同。，呼旦反。）
[疏]“凡舞”至“人舞”
○释曰：此六舞者，即小舞也。若天地宗庙正祭用大舞，即上分乐序之是也。此小舞，按《舞师》亦陈此小舞，云教皇舞，帅而舞旱之事，即皆据祈请时所用也。
○注“故书”至“以皇”
○释曰(yue)(yue)：故(gu)书皇(huang)(huang)作{羽(yu)(yu)王}。郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)司农(nong)破“{羽(yu)(yu)王}”为(wei)“皇(huang)(huang)”也。先(xian)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)“舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)者(zhe)(zhe)，全(quan)羽(yu)(yu)”者(zhe)(zhe)，先(xian)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)意，以(yi)(yi)(yi)《司常》有全(quan)羽(yu)(yu)为(wei)┸，析羽(yu)(yu)为(wei)旌相对，即以(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)为(wei)全(quan)羽(yu)(yu)，羽(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)为(wei)析羽(yu)(yu)相对解之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。後(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)破舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)不破羽(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)也。云(yun)(yun)“皇(huang)(huang)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)羽(yu)(yu)冒覆头(tou)上(shang)，衣(yi)饰翡(fei)(fei)翠之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)羽(yu)(yu)”者(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)後(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)亦不从(cong)(cong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)“旄(mao)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)者(zhe)(zhe)，牛(niu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)尾”者(zhe)(zhe)，按《山海(hai)经(jing)》云(yun)(yun)：“潘侯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)山，有兽如(ru)(ru)牛(niu)，而节有毛，其名(ming)曰(yue)(yue)旄(mao)牛(niu)。”注云(yun)(yun)：“今旄(mao)牛(niu)髀脚胡尾，皆有长毛。”故(gu)先(xian)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)据(ju)而言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)“干舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)者(zhe)(zhe)，兵舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)”者(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)有干舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，《舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)师(shi)》有兵舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。先(xian)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)干戈兵事所用(yong)，故(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)干舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)为(wei)兵舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。後(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)亦从(cong)(cong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也。云(yun)(yun)“人(ren)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)者(zhe)(zhe)，手(shou)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)”者(zhe)(zhe)，後(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)亦从(cong)(cong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣。自“社(she)稷(ji)以(yi)(yi)(yi)”已下，至(zhi)“星辰以(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)”，後(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)从(cong)(cong)其二不从(cong)(cong)其四者(zhe)(zhe)，社(she)稷(ji)以(yi)(yi)(yi)，依《舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)师(shi)》。辟(pi)雍以(yi)(yi)(yi)旄(mao)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)无正文(wen)，後(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)从(cong)(cong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。後(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)“析五(wu)采缯”，不从(cong)(cong)司农(nong)者(zhe)(zhe)，若今者(zhe)(zhe)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)言古，以(yi)(yi)(yi)汉时有灵星舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)子持(chi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，故(gu)知舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)亦析五(wu)色缯为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也。云(yun)(yun)“皇(huang)(huang)，杂(za)五(wu)采羽(yu)(yu)如(ru)(ru)凤(feng)(feng)(feng)皇(huang)(huang)色，持(chi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)”者(zhe)(zhe)，按《山海(hai)经(jing)》，凤(feng)(feng)(feng)皇(huang)(huang)出丹穴山，形似鹤，首(shou)文(wen)曰(yue)(yue)德(de)，背文(wen)曰(yue)(yue)义，翼(yi)文(wen)曰(yue)(yue)顺，腹文(wen)曰(yue)(yue)信(xin)，膺(ying)文(wen)曰(yue)(yue)仁(ren)。又按《京房易传》云(yun)(yun)：“凤(feng)(feng)(feng)皇(huang)(huang)麟前、鹿後(hou)、蛇颈、龟背、鱼尾、鸡喙、燕翼(yi)、五(wu)采、高二尺。”汉世凤(feng)(feng)(feng)皇(huang)(huang)数出，五(wu)色，今皇(huang)(huang)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)与凤(feng)(feng)(feng)皇(huang)(huang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)字同(tong)，明杂(za)以(yi)(yi)(yi)五(wu)采羽(yu)(yu)如(ru)(ru)凤(feng)(feng)(feng)皇(huang)(huang)色，持(chi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。故(gu)不从(cong)(cong)先(xian)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)羽(yu)(yu)覆头(tou)上(shang)，衣(yi)饰翡(fei)(fei)翠之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)羽(yu)(yu)也。云(yun)(yun)“人(ren)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)无所执，以(yi)(yi)(yi)手(shou)袖为(wei)威仪”者(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)就足(zu)先(xian)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)手(shou)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，手(shou)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)用(yong)袖为(wei)威仪也。云(yun)(yun)“四方以(yi)(yi)(yi)羽(yu)(yu)”者(zhe)(zhe)，依《舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)师(shi)》。云(yun)(yun)“宗庙以(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)”者(zhe)(zhe)，虽无文(wen)，宗庙是人(ren)鬼(gui)，故(gu)知用(yong)人(ren)也。云(yun)(yun)“山川(chuan)(chuan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)干”者(zhe)(zhe)，干舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)即兵舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，《舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帅》云(yun)(yun)“教兵舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，师(shi)而舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)山川(chuan)(chuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祭(ji)祀(si)”是也。旱(han)以(yi)(yi)(yi)皇(huang)(huang)，亦依《舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)师(shi)》也。
教乐仪，行以《肆夏》，趋以《采荠》，车亦如之，环拜以锺鼓为节。（教乐仪，教王以乐出入於大寝朝廷之仪。故书“趋”作“多”。郑司农云：“多当为趋，书亦或为趋。《肆夏》、《采荠》皆乐名，或曰皆逸诗。谓人君行步，以《肆夏》为节。趋疾於步，则以《采荠》为节。若今时行礼於大学，罢出，以《鼓陔》为节。环谓旋也。拜，直拜也。”玄谓行者，谓於大寝之中，趋谓於朝廷。《尔雅》曰：“堂上谓之行，门外谓之趋。”然则王出既服，至堂而《肆夏》作，出路门而《采荠》作。其反，入至应门路门亦如之。此谓步迎宾客。王如有车出之事，登车於大寝西阶之前，反降於阼阶之前。《尚书传》曰：“天子将出，撞黄锺之锺，右五锺皆应。入则撞蕤宾之锺，左五锺皆应，大师於是奏乐。”
○趋，刘清须反。荠，本又作齐，徐私反。朝，直遥反，下同。多，仓注反。陔(gai)，改才反。撞，直江(jiang)反。）
[疏]“教乐”至“为节”
○释曰：此王行迎宾，若春夏受贽於朝无迎法，受享於庙则迎之。若秋冬一受之於庙，并无迎法。若飨食在庙，燕在寝，则皆迎法。若然，郑此注据大寝而言，则是燕时，若飨食在庙，则与此大寝同也。
○注“教乐”至“奏乐”
○释曰(yue)：郑知“教王(wang)(wang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)乐(le)(le)出(chu)(chu)(chu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)於(wu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)寝(qin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)仪”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此经(jing)先言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)行(xing)，後言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)趋(qu)(qu)，又云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)环(huan)拜，据从(cong)内向外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)而(er)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)时(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。《礼(li)记·玉(yu)藻》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“趋(qu)(qu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)《采(cai)(cai)(cai)荠(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)》，行(xing)以(yi)(yi)(yi)《肆(si)(si)(si)(si)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)》。”先言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)趋(qu)(qu)，後言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)行(xing)，据从(cong)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)向内，是(shi)(shi)(shi)入(ru)(ru)(ru)时(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。乐(le)(le)节是(shi)(shi)(shi)同(tong)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)郑出(chu)(chu)(chu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)并言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。先郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“《肆(si)(si)(si)(si)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)》、《采(cai)(cai)(cai)荠(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)》皆(jie)(jie)乐(le)(le)名”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案襄(xiang)四年，穆叔如晋(jin)，晋(jin)侯飨之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，金奏(zou)(zou)《肆(si)(si)(si)(si)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)》。杜亦(yi)(yi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“《肆(si)(si)(si)(si)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)》，乐(le)(le)曲名。”案《锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)师(shi)》注，九夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)皆(jie)(jie)诗之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，载(zai)在(zai)乐(le)(le)章，乐(le)(le)崩从(cong)而(er)亡，以(yi)(yi)(yi)此言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，《肆(si)(si)(si)(si)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)》亦(yi)(yi)诗篇名。先郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“或曰(yue)皆(jie)(jie)逸诗”，得(de)通一义也(ye)(ye)(ye)。按《玉(yu)藻》注“齐(qi)”读(du)如“楚(chu)茨”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“茨”，此齐(qi)读(du)亦(yi)(yi)从(cong)茨可(ke)(ke)知也(ye)(ye)(ye)。玄谓(wei)(wei)(wei)引《尔雅》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，行(xing)是(shi)(shi)(shi)门(men)(men)内，趋(qu)(qu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)门(men)(men)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。按《尔雅》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“室中谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)，堂(tang)(tang)上(shang)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)，堂(tang)(tang)下(xia)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)步(bu)(bu)，门(men)(men)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)趋(qu)(qu)，中庭谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)走(zou)(zou)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)路(lu)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)奔(ben)。”但庭中走(zou)(zou)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)路(lu)奔(ben)，据助(zhu)祭者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)而(er)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)《诗》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)骏奔(ben)走(zou)(zou)在(zai)庙也(ye)(ye)(ye)。今(jin)总言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)行(xing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)寝(qin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中，不言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)堂(tang)(tang)下(xia)步(bu)(bu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)必由(you)堂(tang)(tang)下(xia)始，与(yu)行(xing)小(xiao)异大(da)(da)(da)(da)同(tong)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)略步(bu)(bu)而(er)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)其(qi)行(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“然则(ze)王(wang)(wang)出(chu)(chu)(chu)既服，至(zhi)(zhi)堂(tang)(tang)而(er)《肆(si)(si)(si)(si)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)》作”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)以(yi)(yi)(yi)《肆(si)(si)(si)(si)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)》，出(chu)(chu)(chu)路(lu)门(men)(men)而(er)《采(cai)(cai)(cai)荠(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)》作，是(shi)(shi)(shi)趋(qu)(qu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)《采(cai)(cai)(cai)荠(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“其(qi)反入(ru)(ru)(ru)至(zhi)(zhi)应(ying)门(men)(men)路(lu)门(men)(men)亦(yi)(yi)如之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，反入(ru)(ru)(ru)至(zhi)(zhi)应(ying)门(men)(men)，即(ji)(ji)是(shi)(shi)(shi)路(lu)门(men)(men)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)，当奏(zou)(zou)《采(cai)(cai)(cai)荠(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)，入(ru)(ru)(ru)至(zhi)(zhi)路(lu)门(men)(men)，即(ji)(ji)是(shi)(shi)(shi)门(men)(men)内行(xing)以(yi)(yi)(yi)《肆(si)(si)(si)(si)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)。但王(wang)(wang)有五(wu)(wu)门(men)(men)，外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)仍有皋(gao)、库(ku)、雉三(san)门(men)(men)，经(jing)不言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)乐(le)(le)节，郑亦(yi)(yi)不言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)但据路(lu)门(men)(men)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)内而(er)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。若(ruo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)义量之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，既言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)趋(qu)(qu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)《采(cai)(cai)(cai)荠(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)》，即(ji)(ji)门(men)(men)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)趋(qu)(qu)，可(ke)(ke)总该五(wu)(wu)门(men)(men)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)，皆(jie)(jie)於(wu)庭中遥奏(zou)(zou)《采(cai)(cai)(cai)荠(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)》。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“此谓(wei)(wei)(wei)步(bu)(bu)迎宾客(ke)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)行(xing)与(yu)趋(qu)(qu)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)步(bu)(bu)迎之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)可(ke)(ke)知也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“王(wang)(wang)如有车出(chu)(chu)(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，则(ze)经(jing)“车亦(yi)(yi)如之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”是(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。但车无行(xing)趋(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)，亦(yi)(yi)於(wu)门(men)(men)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)奏(zou)(zou)《采(cai)(cai)(cai)荠(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)》，门(men)(men)内奏(zou)(zou)《肆(si)(si)(si)(si)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)》。郑知“有登(deng)车於(wu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)寝(qin)西阶(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)，反降於(wu)阼(zuo)阶(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)《书传》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“天(tian)子将出(chu)(chu)(chu)，撞(zhuang)黄(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。”明知出(chu)(chu)(chu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)升降皆(jie)(jie)在(zai)阶(jie)前(qian)可(ke)(ke)知。出(chu)(chu)(chu)必撞(zhuang)黄(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，黄(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)子，是(shi)(shi)(shi)阳(yang)生(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)月，黄(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)又阳(yang)声之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)首，阳(yang)主(zhu)动，出(chu)(chu)(chu)而(er)撞(zhuang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“右五(wu)(wu)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)林锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)至(zhi)(zhi)应(ying)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。右是(shi)(shi)(shi)阴，阴主(zhu)静(jing)，恐王(wang)(wang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)动，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)右五(wu)(wu)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)黄(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)动以(yi)(yi)(yi)告(gao)(gao)静(jing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“入(ru)(ru)(ru)则(ze)撞(zhuang)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)宾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，左五(wu)(wu)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)皆(jie)(jie)应(ying)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)宾在(zai)午，五(wu)(wu)月阴生(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)月，阴主(zhu)静(jing)，入(ru)(ru)(ru)亦(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)静(jing)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)撞(zhuang)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)宾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。左五(wu)(wu)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)吕(lv)(lv)至(zhi)(zhi)中吕(lv)(lv)，左是(shi)(shi)(shi)阳(yang)，阳(yang)主(zhu)动，入(ru)(ru)(ru)静(jing)以(yi)(yi)(yi)告(gao)(gao)动也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“大(da)(da)(da)(da)师(shi)於(wu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)奏(zou)(zou)乐(le)(le)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)有此出(chu)(chu)(chu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)，则(ze)大(da)(da)(da)(da)师(shi)於(wu)时(shi)奏(zou)(zou)此《采(cai)(cai)(cai)荠(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)》、《肆(si)(si)(si)(si)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)。按《曲礼(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“国君下(xia)卿位。”彼(bi)注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“出(chu)(chu)(chu)过之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)上(shang)车，入(ru)(ru)(ru)未至(zhi)(zhi)而(er)下(xia)车。”彼(bi)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)诸(zhu)侯礼(li)，与(yu)天(tian)子礼(li)异，不得(de)升降於(wu)阶(jie)前(qian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。
凡射，王以《驺虞》为节，诸侯以《首》为节，大夫以《采》为节，士以《采蘩》为节。（《驺虞》、《采》、《采蘩》皆乐章名，在《国风·召南》。惟《首》在《乐记》。《射义》曰：“《驺虞》者，乐官备也。《首》者，乐会时也。《采》者，乐循法也。《采蘩》者，乐不失职也。是故天子以备官为节，诸侯以时会为节，卿大夫以循法为节，士以不失职为节。”郑司农说以《大射礼》曰：“乐正命大师曰：‘奏《首》，间若一。’大师不兴，许诺，乐正反位，奏《首》以射。”《首》，“曾孙”。
○，音频。蘩，音烦。）
[疏]“凡射”至“为节”
○释曰：凡此为节之等者，无问尊卑，人皆四矢，射节则不同，故《射人》云，天子九节，诸侯七节，大夫士五节，尊卑皆以四节为乘矢拾发，其馀天子五节，诸侯三节，大夫士一节，皆以为先以听。先听，未射之时作之，使射者预听，知射之乐节，以其射法须其体比於礼，其节比於乐。而中多者，乃得预於祭，故须预听。但优尊者，故射前节多也。
○注“驺虞”至“曾孙”
○释(shi)曰(yue)：郑知云(yun)“《驺虞》、《采》、《采蘩》皆乐(le)(le)章(zhang)名”者，以其诗为乐(le)(le)章(zhang)故(gu)也(ye)。云(yun)“在《国风·召南(nan)(nan)》”者，见《关睢》已下(xia)为《周南(nan)(nan)》，《鹊(que)巢》已下(xia)为《召南(nan)(nan)》，三篇见在《召南(nan)(nan)》卷内也(ye)。云(yun)“惟《首》在《乐(le)(le)记》”者，按(an)《乐(le)(le)记》云(yun)“左射(she)《首》，右(you)射(she)《驺虞》”是也(ye)。按(an)《射(she)义(yi)(yi)(yi)》亦云(yun)“《首》曰(yue)，曾孙(sun)侯(hou)氏，四正(zheng)具(ju)举，大小莫处，御於君(jun)所”，不引之(zhi)(zhi)者，郑略引其一(yi)(yi)以证耳。云(yun)《射(she)义(yi)(yi)(yi)》已下(xia)者，证用此篇之(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)。先郑引《大射(she)》者，证大师(shi)用乐(le)(le)节之(zhi)(zhi)事。云(yun)“间若一(yi)(yi)”者，谓七节五(wu)节之(zhi)(zhi)间，缓急稀稠如一(yi)(yi)。彼诸侯(hou)礼(li)，故(gu)有(you)乐(le)(le)正(zheng)命大师(shi)；此天子礼(li)，故(gu)乐(le)(le)师(shi)命大师(shi)也(ye)。云(yun)“《首》，‘曾孙(sun)’”者，《首》是篇名，“曾孙(sun)”章(zhang)头，即《射(she)义(yi)(yi)(yi)》所云(yun)是也(ye)。
凡(fan)乐，掌其(qi)序(xu)事(shi)，治其(qi)乐政(zheng)。（序(xu)事(shi)，次序(xu)用(yong)乐之事(shi)。）
[疏]“凡乐”至“乐政”
○释曰：云(yun)(yun)“凡乐(le)”者(zhe)(zhe)，谓凡用乐(le)之时(shi)也。云(yun)(yun)“掌其(qi)叙事”者(zhe)(zhe)，谓陈(chen)列乐(le)器及作之次第，皆序之，使(shi)不错缪(mou)。云(yun)(yun)“治(zhi)其(qi)乐(le)政”者(zhe)(zhe)，谓治(zhi)理(li)乐(le)声，使(shi)得其(qi)正，不淫(yin)放也。
凡(fan)国(guo)之小(xiao)事(shi)用乐者，令奏锺鼓，（小(xiao)事(shi)，小(xiao)祭祀之事(shi)。）
[疏]“凡国”至“锺鼓”
○释曰：此小事，郑云小祭(ji)(ji)祀之(zhi)(zhi)事。谓王玄冕所祭(ji)(ji)，则天地及宗庙(miao)，皆有(you)锺鼓，乐(le)(le)师令之(zhi)(zhi)。若(ruo)大(da)次二者之(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)，大(da)司(si)乐(le)(le)令之(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)。此小祭(ji)(ji)有(you)锺鼓，但无舞，故(gu)《舞师》云“小祭(ji)(ji)祀，不兴舞”是也(ye)。
凡乐(le)成(cheng)，则告(gao)备。（成(cheng)，谓所(suo)奏一(yi)竟。《书》曰(yue)“《箫(xiao)韶》九成(cheng)”。《燕礼》曰(yue)：“大师告(gao)于乐(le)正曰(yue)，正歌备。”）
[疏]注“成谓”至“歌备”
○释曰：云(yun)“成，谓所(suo)(suo)奏(zou)一竟”者(zhe)，竟，则(ze)(ze)终也(ye)。所(suo)(suo)奏(zou)八音俱作(zuo)，一曲终，则(ze)(ze)为(wei)一成，则(ze)(ze)乐(le)师(shi)告(gao)备，如是者(zhe)六(liu)(liu)，则(ze)(ze)六(liu)(liu)成，馀八变九变亦然。故郑引(yin)《书(shu)》“《箫韶》九成”为(wei)证也(ye)。又(you)引(yin)《燕(yan)礼(li)》者(zhe)，欲见(jian)彼(bi)(bi)诸(zhu)侯燕(yan)礼(li)，大(da)(da)师(shi)告(gao)于乐(le)正(zheng)，乐(le)正(zheng)告(gao)於宾与君；此天子祭(ji)礼(li)，亦大(da)(da)师(shi)於乐(le)成之时(shi)，则(ze)(ze)大(da)(da)师(shi)告(gao)乐(le)师(shi)，乐(le)师(shi)乃告(gao)王。彼(bi)(bi)据燕(yan)礼(li)，此据祭(ji)礼(li)，事节相当，故引(yin)为(wei)证也(ye)。
诏来瞽皋舞，（郑司农云：“瞽当为鼓，皋当为告，呼击鼓者，又告当舞者持鼓与舞俱来也。鼓字或作瞽，诏来瞽，或曰：来，敕也。敕尔瞽，率尔众工，奏尔悲诵，肃肃雍雍，毋怠毋凶。”玄谓诏来瞽，诏视了扶瞽者来入也。皋之言号，告国子当舞者舞。
○毋，音无，下同。，音了。）
[疏]“诏来瞽皋舞”
○释曰：到读之云诏瞽来，谓诏告视了，扶瞽人来入升堂作乐也。皋舞者，谓号呼国子舞者，使当舞。
○注“郑司”至“者舞”
○释曰：先(xian)郑破瞽为(wei)(wei)(wei)鼓，後郑从(cong)字或为(wei)(wei)(wei)瞽，於(wu)(wu)义是，但(dan)文不足，後郑增(zeng)成之(zhi)耳。云(yun)“或曰来(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)敕”已下，但(dan)瞽人无(wu)目，而(er)云(yun)“敕尔瞽，率尔众工”，於(wu)(wu)义不可(ke)，且“奏尔悲诵(song)”等，似逸诗，不知(zhi)何从(cong)而(er)出，故後郑不从(cong)之(zhi)。玄谓诏来(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)瞽者，以来(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)为(wei)(wei)(wei)入。按(an)《大(da)祝》云(yun)“来(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)瞽令嗥舞”，注云(yun)：“来(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)嗥者，皆谓呼(hu)之(zhi)入。”彼来(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)为(wei)(wei)(wei)呼(hu)之(zhi)者，以彼来(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)上无(wu)字，故以来(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)为(wei)(wei)(wei)呼(hu)之(zhi)义，与此(ci)无(wu)异也(ye)。
及彻，帅(shuai)学士(shi)而(er)(er)歌彻，（学士(shi)，国子(zi)也。郑司农(nong)云：“谓(wei)将(jiang)彻之(zhi)时(shi)自有乐，故帅(shuai)学士(shi)而(er)(er)歌彻。”玄谓(wei)彻者歌《雍》，《雍》在《周颂·臣工之(zhi)什(shen)》。）
[疏]“及彻”至“歌彻”
○释曰：此亦文承祭祀之下，亦谓祭未至彻祭器之时，乐师帅学士而歌彻。但学士主舞，瞽人主歌，今云帅学士而歌彻者，此绝读之，然後合义。歌彻之时，歌舞俱有，谓帅学士使之舞，歌者自是瞽人歌《雍》诗也，彻者主宰君妇耳。
○注“学士”至“之什”
○释曰：郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)“学士，国(guo)(guo)子(zi)(zi)也”者(zhe)(zhe)，此学士即(ji)下(xia)《大胥职》云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“掌学士之版，以待(dai)致诸子(zi)(zi)。”故知(zhi)学士是(shi)(shi)国(guo)(guo)子(zi)(zi)，国(guo)(guo)子(zi)(zi)即(ji)诸子(zi)(zi)是(shi)(shi)也。“玄谓彻者(zhe)(zhe)，歌(ge)《雍》”者(zhe)(zhe)，见《论(lun)语》云(yun)(yun)(yun)“三(san)家者(zhe)(zhe)以《雍》彻”，孔子(zi)(zi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“相维辟(pi)公，天子(zi)(zi)穆(mu)穆(mu)，奚取於三(san)家之堂。”若然，要有辟(pi)公助祭，并(bing)天子(zi)(zi)之容穆(mu)穆(mu)，乃可(ke)用(yong)(yong)《雍》诗(shi)彻祭器，是(shi)(shi)大夫及诸侯皆(jie)不(bu)得用(yong)(yong)雍，故知(zhi)此云(yun)(yun)(yun)“歌(ge)彻”者(zhe)(zhe)，歌(ge)《雍》诗(shi)也。又云(yun)(yun)(yun)“《雍》在《周颂(song)·臣工之什》”者(zhe)(zhe)，从《清(qing)庙(miao)》已下(xia)皆(jie)《周颂(song)》，但(dan)此《雍》在《臣工之什》内，云(yun)(yun)(yun)“之什”者(zhe)(zhe)，谓聚十篇为(wei)一(yi)卷，故云(yun)(yun)(yun)之什也。
令相。（令视了扶工。郑司农云：“告当相瞽师者，言当罢也，瞽师、盲者皆有相道之者。故师冕见，及阶曰阶也，及席曰席也，皆坐，曰某在斯，某在斯。曰相，师之道与？”
○见，贤(xian)遍反(fan)，下注同。）
[疏]注“令视”至“道与”
○释曰：此(ci)令相(xiang)之文在祭(ji)祀歌(ge)彻之下者(zhe)(zhe)，欲见大小祭(ji)祀皆有令相(xiang)之事，故於(wu)下总结(jie)之。郑知(zhi)“令相(xiang)，令视了扶(fu)(fu)工(gong)(gong)”者(zhe)(zhe)，见《仪礼》。扶(fu)(fu)工(gong)(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)，皆称相(xiang)以(yi)其瞽人无目而称工(gong)(gong)，故云(yun)令视了扶(fu)(fu)工(gong)(gong)也。先郑引《论语》者(zhe)(zhe)，亦(yi)见相(xiang)是扶(fu)(fu)工(gong)(gong)也。
飨食诸(zhu)侯(hou)，序其乐事(shi)，令奏锺(zhong)鼓，令相，如(ru)祭(ji)之(zhi)仪。
[疏]“飨食”至“之仪”
○释曰：言“如祭之仪”者，非直(zhi)序乐、令锺鼓(gu)、令相(xiang)，其中诏来(lai)瞽、歌(ge)彻等皆(jie)如之。但祭祀(si)歌(ge)《雍(yong)》而彻，飨食彻器亦(yi)歌(ge)《雍(yong)》。知者，下(xia)《大(da)师》与(yu)此文皆(jie)云大(da)飨亦(yi)如祭祀(si)登歌(ge)下(xia)管(guan)，故知皆(jie)同(tong)也。
燕射，帅射夫以弓矢舞，（射夫，众耦也。故书“燕”为“舞”，“帅”为“率”，“射夫”为“射矢”。郑司农云：“舞当为燕，率当为帅，射矢书亦或为射夫。”
○食(shi)，音嗣(si)，下注疏“食(shi)”同，凡言飨食(shi)，皆放此。）
[疏]注“射夫众耦也”
○释曰：凡射(she)有(you)三(san)番(fan)，又(you)天子六(liu)耦(ou)(ou)(ou)，畿内诸侯四(si)耦(ou)(ou)(ou)，畿外(wai)诸侯三(san)耦(ou)(ou)(ou)。前番(fan)直(zhi)六(liu)耦(ou)(ou)(ou)三(san)耦(ou)(ou)(ou)等射(she)，所以诱(you)射(she)故也(ye)。第二番(fan)六(liu)耦(ou)(ou)(ou)与(yu)众(zhong)耦(ou)(ou)(ou)俱(ju)射(she)，第三(san)番(fan)又(you)兼(jian)(jian)作乐。经直(zhi)云射(she)夫，郑(zheng)知众(zhong)耦(ou)(ou)(ou)者(zhe)，以其三(san)番(fan)射(she)皆弓(gong)矢(shi)舞，若(ruo)言六(liu)耦(ou)(ou)(ou)等，不兼(jian)(jian)众(zhong)耦(ou)(ou)(ou)。若(ruo)言众(zhong)耦(ou)(ou)(ou)，则兼(jian)(jian)三(san)耦(ou)(ou)(ou)。故郑(zheng)据(ju)众(zhong)耦(ou)(ou)(ou)而言也(ye)。言执(zhi)(zhi)弓(gong)矢(shi)舞，谓射(she)时(shi)执(zhi)(zhi)弓(gong)挟(xie)矢(shi)及发(fa)矢(shi)，其体比於(wu)礼，其节比於(wu)乐节，相应於(wu)乐节也(ye)。
乐出(chu)入(ru)，令奏锺(zhong)鼓。（乐出(chu)入(ru)，谓(wei)笙歌舞者(zhe)及其器。）
[疏]注“乐出”至“其器”
○释曰：郑知乐(le)是笙(sheng)歌已下者，按《礼·乐(le)记(ji)》，“单出曰声(sheng)，杂(za)比曰音”，又云“杂(za)以(yi)干戚、羽毛谓之乐(le)”，凡此(ci)笙(sheng)并(bing)瞽(gu)人歌者及(ji)国子舞者及(ji)器(qi)，皆须出入，故知乐(le)中(zhong)兼此(ci)数事也。
凡军大献，教恺歌，遂倡之。（故书“倡”为“昌”，郑司农云：“乐师主倡也。昌当为倡，书亦或为倡。”
○倡，昌亮反。）
[疏]“凡军”至“倡之”
○释曰：军事言(yan)“凡”者，有大(da)军旅王自行，小(xiao)军旅遣臣去(qu)，故言(yan)凡以(yi)该之(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)“大(da)献(xian)”者，谓师克胜，献(xian)捷於祖(zu)庙也。云(yun)(yun)“教恺歌”者，恺谓恺诗(shi)，师还(hai)未至之(zhi)时(shi)，预教瞽蒙入祖(zu)庙，遂(sui)使(shi)乐师倡道为之(zhi)，故云(yun)(yun)“遂(sui)倡之(zhi)”。
凡(fan)丧陈乐(le)器，则帅乐(le)官(guan)(guan)。（帅乐(le)官(guan)(guan)往陈之(zhi)。）
[疏]“凡丧”至“乐官”
○释曰：丧言“凡”者，王家有大丧小丧，皆有明器之乐器，故亦然言凡以该之。明器之乐器者，谓若《檀弓》云“木不成斫，瓦不成味，琴瑟张而不平，笙竽备而不和”是也。
○注“帅乐官往陈之”
○释曰：乐(le)官亦谓(wei)笙师(shi)、师(shi)之属，乐(le)藏之者(zhe)也。云“往陈之”者(zhe)，谓(wei)如《既夕礼》，陈器於祖庙(miao)之前庭及圹道东者(zhe)也。
及(ji)序哭，亦(yi)如之。（哭此(ci)乐器(qi)亦(yi)帅之。）
[疏]注“哭此”至“帅之”
○释(shi)曰：按(an)《小宗(zong)伯》云：“及执事(shi)视(shi)葬(zang)(zang)献(xian)器(qi)，遂哭(ku)之(zhi)。”注云：“至将(jiang)葬(zang)(zang)，献(xian)明器(qi)之(zhi)材(cai)，又献(xian)素献(xian)成，皆(jie)於殡门外(wai)，王不亲(qin)哭(ku)，有官代之(zhi)。”彼据未葬(zang)(zang)献(xian)材(cai)时，《小宗(zong)伯》哭(ku)之(zhi)。此序(xu)哭(ku)明器(qi)之(zhi)乐器(qi)，文承陈乐器(qi)之(zhi)下，而云序(xu)哭(ku)，谓使人持(chi)此乐器(qi)向圹，及入圹之(zhi)时序(xu)哭(ku)之(zhi)也(ye)。
凡乐官掌其政(zheng)令，听(ting)其治讼。（治，直吏反。）
[疏]“凡乐”至“治讼”
○释(shi)曰：“凡乐官”，谓此已下大胥至司干，皆无听讼之事，则皆乐师听之耳。
大胥掌学士之版，以待致诸子。（郑司农云：“学士，谓卿大夫诸子学舞者。版，籍也。今时乡户籍，世谓之户版。大胥主此籍，以待当召聚学舞者卿大夫之诸子，则按此籍以召之。《汉大乐律》曰：‘卑者之子不得舞宗庙之酎。除吏二千石到六百石及关内侯到五大夫子，先取子，高七尺已上，年十二到年三十，颜色和顺，身体治者，以为舞人。’与古用卿大夫子同义。”
○版，音板。酎，直救反(fan)。，丁历反(fan)。上(shang)，时掌反(fan)，下六上(shang)反(fan)。）
[疏]注“郑司”至“同义”
○释曰：先(xian)郑知“学士(shi)谓(wei)卿大(da)夫(fu)诸(zhu)子(zi)(zi)”者(zhe)，按《夏官·诸(zhu)子(zi)(zi)职(zhi)》云(yun)(yun)“掌(zhang)国子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)ヘ”，则(ze)国中兼(jian)有(you)元士(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)。不言(yan)者(zhe)，以(yi)其汉(han)(han)(han)法卑者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)不得舞(wu)宗(zong)(zong)庙之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)酎，则(ze)元士(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)不入，故知卿大(da)夫(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诸(zhu)子(zi)(zi)也(ye)。知学舞(wu)者(zhe)，下云(yun)(yun)“入学合舞(wu)”，故知也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“不得舞(wu)宗(zong)(zong)庙之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)酎”者(zhe)，按《月(yue)令》四月(yue)云(yun)(yun)：“天子(zi)(zi)与(yu)群臣饮酎。”郑注云(yun)(yun)：“酎之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)醇，谓(wei)重酿(niang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)酒，春(chun)酒至(zhi)此始成。”作此酎，亦谓(wei)重酿(niang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)酒，祭(ji)宗(zong)(zong)庙而用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，祭(ji)未有(you)相饮之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法，以(yi)宗(zong)(zong)庙言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)“除吏二(er)(er)(er)(er)千石(shi)”已下，在《前汉(han)(han)(han)纪》，注云(yun)(yun)：“汉(han)(han)(han)承秦爵二(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)等(deng)，五大(da)夫(fu)九爵，关(guan)内侯十(shi)(shi)(shi)九爵，列侯二(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)爵。”宗(zong)(zong)庙舞(wu)人(ren)用贵(gui)人(ren)子(zi)(zi)弟，与(yu)周同，故先(xian)郑引以(yi)为证也(ye)。既(ji)云(yun)(yun)取七(qi)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)以(yi)上，而云(yun)(yun)十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)到三十(shi)(shi)(shi)，则(ze)“十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)”者(zhe)误，当(dang)云(yun)(yun)“二(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)至(zhi)三十(shi)(shi)(shi)”。何者(zhe)？按《乡大(da)夫(fu)职(zhi)》云(yun)(yun)：“国中自七(qi)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)以(yi)及(ji)六十(shi)(shi)(shi)，野自六尺(chi)(chi)(chi)以(yi)及(ji)六十(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)五，皆(jie)征之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”按《韩诗》，二(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)从役，与(yu)国中七(qi)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)同，是(shi)七(qi)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)为二(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)矣(yi)，明(ming)不得为十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)也(ye)。
春入学，舍采，合舞；（春始以学士入学宫而学之。合舞，等其进退，使应节奏。郑司农云：“舍采，谓舞者皆持芬香之采。或曰，古者士见於君，以雉为挚。见於师，以菜为挚。菜直谓疏食菜羹之菜。或曰，学者皆人君卿大夫之子，衣服采饰，舍采者，减损解释盛服，以下其师也。《月令》，仲春之月上丁，命乐正习舞，释采，仲丁，又命乐正入学习乐。”玄谓舍即释也，采读为菜。始入学必释菜，礼先师也。菜，蘩之属。
○舍，音释(shi)。采，音菜(cai)，注同。疏，所居反，刘音苏。下，户嫁反。）
[疏]注“春始”至“之属”
○释(shi)曰：云(yun)“春(chun)始(shi)以学(xue)(xue)(xue)士入(ru)(ru)学(xue)(xue)(xue)”者(zhe)(zhe)，岁初贵始(shi)。云(yun)“学(xue)(xue)(xue)宫”者(zhe)(zhe)，则《文王世(shi)子(zi)》云(yun)“春(chun)诵夏(xia)弦，皆於(wu)东序(xu)”是也(ye)。云(yun)“合舞，等(deng)其进(jin)退(tui)(tui)，使应(ying)(ying)节奏”者(zhe)(zhe)，谓等(deng)其舞者(zhe)(zhe)，或进(jin)或退(tui)(tui)，周(zhou)旋使应(ying)(ying)八音奏乐(le)之(zhi)节合也(ye)。按《月(yue)令》注“春(chun)合舞”者(zhe)(zhe)，象(xiang)物出地，鼓舞也(ye)。先郑解(jie)舍(she)采三家之(zhi)说，後郑皆不(bu)从者(zhe)(zhe)，按《王制(zhi)》有(you)(you)(you)释(shi)菜(cai)奠(dian)币，《文王世(shi)子(zi)》又云(yun)：“始(shi)立学(xue)(xue)(xue)释(shi)菜(cai)，不(bu)舞，不(bu)授器。”舍(she)即(ji)释(shi)也(ye)，采即(ji)菜(cai)也(ye)，故以为学(xue)(xue)(xue)子(zi)始(shi)入(ru)(ru)学(xue)(xue)(xue)释(shi)采礼(li)先师也(ye)。但学(xue)(xue)(xue)子(zi)始(shi)入(ru)(ru)学(xue)(xue)(xue)释(shi)菜(cai)，礼(li)轻，故不(bu)及(ji)先圣也(ye)。其先师者(zhe)(zhe)，郑注《文王世(shi)子(zi)》云(yun)：“若汉，《礼(li)》有(you)(you)(you)高堂生，《乐(le)》有(you)(you)(you)制(zhi)氏，《诗(shi)》有(you)(you)(you)毛公，《书(shu)》有(you)(you)(you)伏生。”知(zhi)菜(cai)是蘩(fan)之(zhi)属者(zhe)(zhe)，《诗(shi)》“有(you)(you)(you)采采蘩(fan)”，皆采名(ming)。言“之(zhi)属”者(zhe)(zhe)，《周(zhou)礼(li)》又有(you)(you)(you)芹茆之(zhi)等(deng)，亦菜(cai)名(ming)也(ye)。
秋颁学，合声。（春使之学，秋颁其才艺所为。合声，亦等其曲折，使应节奏。
○折，之设反。）
[疏]“秋颁学合声”
○释曰：春(chun)物生之(zhi)(zhi)时，学子入学。秋物成之(zhi)(zhi)时，颁，分也(ye)，分其(qi)才艺高下。故(gu)郑云“春(chun)使(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)学，秋颁其(qi)才艺所为”也(ye)。云“合(he)(he)声”者，春(chun)为阳，阳主动(dong)，舞亦动(dong)，春(chun)合(he)(he)舞，象(xiang)物出地，鼓(gu)舞。秋为阴(yin)，阴(yin)主静，声亦静，故(gu)秋合(he)(he)声象(xiang)秋静也(ye)。但(dan)舞与声递相合(he)(he)，故(gu)郑云合(he)(he)声，亦等其(qi)曲折，使(shi)应节奏也(ye)。
以六乐之会正舞位，（大同六乐之节奏，正其位，使相应也。言为大合乐习之。
○为，于伪反。）
[疏]“以六”至“舞位”
○释曰：六乐者，即六代之乐，六舞《云门》之等是也。
○注“大同”至“习之”
○释(shi)(shi)曰：云“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)同(tong)”者(zhe)(zhe)，解经(jing)中“会”，会合(he)(he)，即大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)同(tong)也。云“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)同(tong)六(liu)乐(le)(le)(le)之(zhi)(zhi)节奏”者(zhe)(zhe)，谓六(liu)代之(zhi)(zhi)舞(wu)(wu)，一一作之(zhi)(zhi)，使节奏大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)同(tong)而无错谬。故云“正其(qi)位使相应也”。云“为(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)合(he)(he)乐(le)(le)(le)习之(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)，按《月(yue)令(ling)(ling)》，仲(zhong)(zhong)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)上丁，命(ming)乐(le)(le)(le)正习舞(wu)(wu)释(shi)(shi)菜，季春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)云大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)合(he)(he)乐(le)(le)(le)，则此云六(liu)乐(le)(le)(le)之(zhi)(zhi)会，为(wei)季春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)合(he)(he)乐(le)(le)(le)习之(zhi)(zhi)也。若然，此六(liu)乐(le)(le)(le)之(zhi)(zhi)会与(yu)上春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)入(ru)学(xue)(xue)舍采(cai)合(he)(he)舞(wu)(wu)者(zhe)(zhe)别(bie)矣。按《文王世(shi)子(zi)》云“凡大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)合(he)(he)乐(le)(le)(le)，必(bi)遂(sui)养老(lao)”，注“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)合(he)(he)乐(le)(le)(le)，谓春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)入(ru)学(xue)(xue)舍采(cai)合(he)(he)舞(wu)(wu)，秋颁学(xue)(xue)合(he)(he)声(sheng)”。则是合(he)(he)舞(wu)(wu)合(he)(he)声(sheng)与(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)合(he)(he)乐(le)(le)(le)又(you)为(wei)一者(zhe)(zhe)。季春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)合(he)(he)乐(le)(le)(le)与(yu)合(he)(he)舞(wu)(wu)合(he)(he)声(sheng)实别(bie)，但春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)合(he)(he)舞(wu)(wu)，秋合(he)(he)声(sheng)，对春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)合(he)(he)乐(le)(le)(le)不(bu)(bu)为(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)，然於四时而言，亦(yi)为(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)合(he)(he)乐(le)(le)(le)。何者(zhe)(zhe)？《文王世(shi)子(zi)》云“凡大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)合(he)(he)乐(le)(le)(le)必(bi)遂(sui)养老(lao)”，其(qi)中含(han)有(you)合(he)(he)舞(wu)(wu)合(he)(he)声(sheng)。必(bi)知含(han)此二者(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)其(qi)言凡，非一。按《月(yue)令(ling)(ling)》，仲(zhong)(zhong)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)“习舞(wu)(wu)释(shi)(shi)采(cai)，天(tian)子(zi)亲(qin)往视之(zhi)(zhi)”，季春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)云“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)合(he)(he)乐(le)(le)(le)，天(tian)子(zi)亲(qin)往视之(zhi)(zhi)”。至仲(zhong)(zhong)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)合(he)(he)声(sheng)，虽(sui)不(bu)(bu)云天(tian)子(zi)亲(qin)往视之(zhi)(zhi)，视之(zhi)(zhi)可知。若然，三者(zhe)(zhe)天(tian)子(zi)亲(qin)往视之(zhi)(zhi)同(tong)，则皆有(you)养老(lao)之(zhi)(zhi)事，则春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)合(he)(he)舞(wu)(wu)，秋合(he)(he)声(sheng)，皆得为(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)合(he)(he)乐(le)(le)(le)，《文王世(shi)子(zi)》以(yi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)合(he)(he)乐(le)(le)(le)为(wei)合(he)(he)舞(wu)(wu)合(he)(he)声(sheng)解之(zhi)(zhi)也。
以序出入舞者，（以长幼次之，使出入不纰错。
○纰，匹毗反，刘博鸡(ji)反。）
[疏]注“以长”至“纰错”
○释曰：凡在(zai)学，皆(jie)以(yi)长幼(you)为(wei)齿(chi)，令为(wei)舞者(zhe)八八六(liu)十四人，所须(xu)为(wei)舞之处(chu)，皆(jie)当以(yi)长幼(you)出入(ru)。若使幼(you)者(zhe)在(zai)前，则(ze)为(wei)纰错(cuo)，故云使出入(ru)不纰错(cuo)也。
比乐官，（比犹校也。杜子春云：“次比乐官也。”郑大夫读比为庀，庀，具也，录具乐官。
○比(bi)，郑如字(zi)，下(xia)同。杜毗(pi)志(zhi)反。庀，音匹(pi)婢反。）
[疏]注“比犹”至“乐官”
○释曰：杜(du)子(zi)春云“次比乐官者(zhe)也”，与(yu)後郑同(tong)(tong)，郑大夫以(yi)比为庀，录具(ju)乐官者(zhe)，虽与(yu)後郑不同(tong)(tong)，得为一义(yi)，故引之(zhi)在下也。
展乐器。（展谓陈数之。
○数，所主反。）
[疏]注“展谓陈数之”
○释曰：乐器(qi)，谓鼓锺笙磬之等(deng)，皆当陈(chen)列(lie)校数。
凡祭祀之用乐者，以鼓徵学士。（击鼓以召之。《文王世子》曰：“大昕鼓徵，所以警众。”
○昕，音欣。）
[疏]“凡祭”至“学士”
○释曰：祭祀(si)(si)言“凡”者，则天地宗庙之(zhi)祀(si)(si)用(yong)乐舞(wu)之(zhi)处，以(yi)鼓(gu)召(zhao)学士，选之(zhi)，当舞(wu)者往舞(wu)焉。《舞(wu)师》云：“小(xiao)祭祀(si)(si)不兴(xing)舞(wu)。”注(zhu)云：“小(xiao)祭祀(si)(si)，王玄冕所祭。”则亦不徵学士也。
序宫中之事。
小胥掌学士之徵令而比之，<角黄>其不敬者。（比犹校也。不敬，谓慢期不时至也。<角黄>，罚爵也。《诗》云“兕<角黄>其”。
○<;角黄>，古横反(fan)，本或作觥，同(tong)。兕，徐履(lv)反(fan)。，巨つ反(fan)。）
[疏]“小胥”至“敬者”
○释曰：大胥掌学士之版，以待召聚舞者，小胥赞大胥为徵令校比之，知其在不，仍觥其不敬者也。
○注“比犹”至“其”
○释曰：引(yin)《诗》者，是《周颂·丝衣》之篇，祭未(wei)饮酒，恐有(you)过失(shi)，故设罚爵(jue)。其时无犯非礼，用爵(jue)觥(gong)然陈设而(er)已。引(yin)之者，证觥(gong)是罚爵(jue)也(ye)。
巡舞列而挞其怠慢者。（挞犹扌失也。扌失以荆扑。
○挞，吐达(da)反(fan)(fan)。扌失，敕(chi)乙反(fan)(fan)，又(you)敕(chi)栗反(fan)(fan)。扑，普卜反(fan)(fan)。）
[疏]注“挞犹”至“荆扑”
○释(shi)曰(yue)：按(an)文十八年(nian)，齐懿公(gong)为(wei)公(gong)子(zi)也，与(yu)邴(bing)蜀(shu)之(zhi)父争田，不胜。及即位，乃掘而(er)刖之(zhi)，而(er)使蜀(shu)仆，纳阎职(zhi)之(zhi)妻，而(er)使职(zhi)骖(can)乘。公(gong)游於(wu)申(shen)池，二人(ren)浴于池，蜀(shu)以(yi)扑(pu)扌(shou)失(shi)职(zhi)，职(zhi)怒，蜀(shu)曰(yue)：“人(ren)夺汝妻而(er)不怒，一扌(shou)失(shi)汝，庸何伤。”是扌(shou)失(shi)为(wei)挞，以(yi)荆，故云“扑(pu)”也。
正乐县之位，王宫县，诸侯轩县，卿大夫判县，士特县，辨其声。（乐县，谓锺磬之属县於┺ね者。郑司农云：“宫县四面县，轩县去其一面，判县又去其一面，特县又去其一面。四面象宫室四面有墙，故谓之宫县。轩县三面，其形曲，故《春秋传》曰‘请曲县繁缨以朝’，诸侯礼也。故曰惟器与名不可以假人。”玄谓轩县去南面，辟王也。判县左右之合，又空北面。特县县於东方，或於阶间而已。
○特(te)，本亦作直，音特(te)。┺，息允反。ね，音巨。去，起吕(lv)反，下(xia)同。繁，步干反。朝，直遥反。辟，音避。）
[疏]注“乐县”至“而已”
○释(shi)曰：云(yun)“乐(le)县(xian)(xian)，谓锺(zhong)磬之属(shu)县(xian)(xian)於иね者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，凡县(xian)(xian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，通(tong)有(you)鼓，亦县(xian)(xian)之，郑(zheng)直云(yun)锺(zhong)磬者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，据(ju)下成文而(er)言(yan)(yan)。先郑(zheng)云(yun)轩(xuan)县(xian)(xian)判(pan)县(xian)(xian)特县(xian)(xian)，皆直云(yun)去(qu)一面(mian)(mian)(mian)，不辩(bian)所去(qu)之面(mian)(mian)(mian)，故後(hou)郑(zheng)增成之也。所引(yin)《春秋传》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，按(an)成二年《左氏传》云(yun)：“卫孙良夫(fu)将侵齐，与齐师遇，败。仲叔于奚救(jiu)孙桓子，桓子是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)免。既(ji)，卫人赏之以(yi)(yi)(yi)邑(yi)，辞，请曲(qu)县(xian)(xian)、繁(fan)缨以(yi)(yi)(yi)朝，许之。仲尼闻之曰：惜(xi)也，不如(ru)多(duo)与之邑(yi)。惟器与名，不可以(yi)(yi)(yi)假人。”注(zhu)云(yun)：“诸侯(hou)轩(xuan)县(xian)(xian)，阙南(nan)(nan)方。形如(ru)车舆，是(shi)(shi)曲(qu)也。”引(yin)之者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，证(zheng)轩(xuan)为(wei)曲(qu)义也。玄谓轩(xuan)县(xian)(xian)去(qu)南(nan)(nan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，避王也。若然，则(ze)诸侯(hou)轩(xuan)县(xian)(xian)三(san)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，皆阙南(nan)(nan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)《大射(she)(she)》云(yun)：“乐(le)人宿县(xian)(xian)於阼(zuo)阶(jie)东，笙磬西面(mian)(mian)(mian)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)南(nan)(nan)笙锺(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)南(nan)(nan)，皆南(nan)(nan)陈。”“西阶(jie)之西，颂(song)磬东面(mian)(mian)(mian)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)南(nan)(nan)锺(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)南(nan)(nan)钅薄，皆南(nan)(nan)陈。”又云(yun)：“一建鼓在西阶(jie)之东，南(nan)(nan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)。”注(zhu)云(yun)：“言(yan)(yan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，国君於其(qi)(qi)(qi)臣，备(bei)三(san)面(mian)(mian)(mian)尔，无锺(zhong)磬，有(you)鼓而(er)已(yi)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)为(wei)诸侯(hou)，则(ze)轩(xuan)县(xian)(xian)。”是(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)去(qu)南(nan)(nan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)之事也。以(yi)(yi)(yi)诸侯(hou)大射(she)(she)，於臣备(bei)三(san)面(mian)(mian)(mian)惟有(you)鼓，则(ze)大夫(fu)全去(qu)北(bei)(bei)面(mian)(mian)(mian)为(wei)判(pan)县(xian)(xian)可知。云(yun)“特县(xian)(xian)县(xian)(xian)於东方，或於阶(jie)间(jian)而(er)已(yi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，按(an)《乡(xiang)饮酒记》云(yun)“磬阶(jie)间(jian)缩ニ”，注(zhu)云(yun)：“缩，从(cong)也，ニ以(yi)(yi)(yi)东西为(wei)从(cong)。”是(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)阶(jie)间(jian)也。按(an)《乡(xiang)射(she)(she)》云(yun)“县(xian)(xian)於洗(xi)东北(bei)(bei)，西南(nan)(nan)”，注(zhu)云(yun)：“此县(xian)(xian)，谓县(xian)(xian)磬也。县(xian)(xian)於东方，避射(she)(she)位也。”是(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)东方也。云(yun)“而(er)已(yi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，言(yan)(yan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)少耳(er)。
凡县锺磬，半为堵，全为肆。（锺磬者，编县之二八十六枚，而在一ね，谓之堵。锺一堵，磬一堵，谓之肆。半之者，谓诸侯之卿大夫士也。诸侯之卿大夫，半天子之卿大夫，西县锺，东县磬，士亦半天子之士，县磬而已。郑司农云：“以《春秋传》曰：歌锺二肆。”
○堵，丁古反。）
[疏]“凡县”至“为肆”
○释曰：云“凡县锺磬”，总目语也。所县者，则半之为堵，全之为肆是也。云“堵”者，若墙之一堵。“肆”者，行肆之名。二物乃可为半者，一堵半其一肆，故云半为堵，全为肆也。
○注“锺磬”至“二肆”
○释曰(yue)：经直言锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)磬(qing)(qing)不(bu)言鼓者(zhe)(zhe)，周人县(xian)(xian)鼓与之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，惟县(xian)(xian)一(yi)(yi)而(er)已(yi)，不(bu)编县(xian)(xian)，故不(bu)言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。其十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)辰头之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)零锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，亦(yi)县(xian)(xian)一(yi)(yi)而(er)已(yi)。今所言县(xian)(xian)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)磬(qing)(qing)者(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)编县(xian)(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)八(ba)(ba)(ba)十(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)(liu)枚(mei)，共在(zai)一(yi)(yi)ね者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。郑(zheng)(zheng)必知有(you)(you)十(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)(liu)枚(mei)在(zai)一(yi)(yi)ね者(zhe)(zhe)，按《左氏(shi)》隐五年，考(kao)仲子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宫(gong)(gong)，初(chu)献六(liu)(liu)羽，众仲云(yun)(yun)：“夫(fu)(fu)(fu)舞(wu)，所以(yi)(yi)节(jie)八(ba)(ba)(ba)音(yin)而(er)行(xing)八(ba)(ba)(ba)风(feng)，故以(yi)(yi)八(ba)(ba)(ba)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)数(shu)(shu)。”乐(le)县(xian)(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法，取数(shu)(shu)於此(ci)，又倍(bei)(bei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)(liu)，若漏刻(ke)四(si)(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)(ba)箭，亦(yi)倍(bei)(bei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)月二(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)气(qi)，故以(yi)(yi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)(liu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)数(shu)(shu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。是以(yi)(yi)《淮南子(zi)》云(yun)(yun)“乐(le)生於风(feng)”，亦(yi)是取数(shu)(shu)於八(ba)(ba)(ba)风(feng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。按昭(zhao)二(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)年，晏子(zi)云(yun)(yun)“六(liu)(liu)律(lv)七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)音(yin)”，服注云(yun)(yun)：“七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)律(lv)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)器(qi)音(yin)，黄锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宫(gong)(gong)，林锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)徵，大蔟为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)商，南吕为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)羽，姑洗(xi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)角，应(ying)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)变(bian)宫(gong)(gong)，蕤(rui)宾为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)变(bian)徵。《外(wai)传》曰(yue)：‘武王克(ke)商，岁(sui)(sui)在(zai)鹑火(huo)，月在(zai)天(tian)驷，日在(zai)析木之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)津(jin)，辰在(zai)斗柄(bing)，星在(zai)天(tian)鼋。’鹑火(huo)及天(tian)驷，七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)列也(ye)(ye)(ye)。南北(bei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)揆，七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)月也(ye)(ye)(ye)。凫氏(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)(yi)律(lv)计，自倍(bei)(bei)半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)一(yi)(yi)县(xian)(xian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)九锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)律(lv)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)县(xian)(xian)，二(er)(er)(er)(er)百(bai)二(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)(ba)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)八(ba)(ba)(ba)十(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)律(lv)。此(ci)一(yi)(yi)岁(sui)(sui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)闰数(shu)(shu)。”此(ci)服以(yi)(yi)音(yin)定之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)一(yi)(yi)县(xian)(xian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)九锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)当(dang)一(yi)(yi)月，十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)月十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)辰，辰加七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)律(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)则(ze)十(shi)(shi)(shi)九锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。一(yi)(yi)月有(you)(you)七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)律(lv)，当(dang)一(yi)(yi)月之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)小馀，十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)月八(ba)(ba)(ba)十(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)小馀，故云(yun)(yun)一(yi)(yi)岁(sui)(sui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)闰数(shu)(shu)。按《大射(she)》，笙磬(qing)(qing)西面(mian)(mian)，颂(song)磬(qing)(qing)东面(mian)(mian)，皆(jie)云(yun)(yun)其南锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其南，北(bei)方(fang)(fang)直有(you)(you)鼓，无(wu)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)磬(qing)(qing)，避射(she)位，则(ze)三(san)面(mian)(mian)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)磬(qing)(qing)。天(tian)子(zi)宫(gong)(gong)县(xian)(xian)，四(si)(si)(si)面(mian)(mian)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)磬(qing)(qing)而(er)已(yi)，不(bu)见(jian)有(you)(you)十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)县(xian)(xian)。服氏(shi)云(yun)(yun)十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)县(xian)(xian)，非(fei)郑(zheng)(zheng)义(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卿(qing)(qing)大夫(fu)(fu)(fu)士也(ye)(ye)(ye)。又云(yun)(yun)“诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卿(qing)(qing)大夫(fu)(fu)(fu)，半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)天(tian)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卿(qing)(qing)大夫(fu)(fu)(fu)，西县(xian)(xian)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，东县(xian)(xian)磬(qing)(qing)”者(zhe)(zhe)，天(tian)子(zi)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)县(xian)(xian)皆(jie)有(you)(you)，今以(yi)(yi)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卿(qing)(qing)大夫(fu)(fu)(fu)士半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)天(tian)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卿(qing)(qing)大夫(fu)(fu)(fu)士言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，则(ze)卿(qing)(qing)大夫(fu)(fu)(fu)士直有(you)(you)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)磬(qing)(qing)无(wu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。若有(you)(you)，不(bu)得半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耳。必知诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)卿(qing)(qing)大夫(fu)(fu)(fu)分(fen)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)磬(qing)(qing)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)东西者(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)其诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)卿(qing)(qing)大夫(fu)(fu)(fu)亦(yi)称(cheng)判县(xian)(xian)，故知诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)卿(qing)(qing)大夫(fu)(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)天(tian)子(zi)卿(qing)(qing)大夫(fu)(fu)(fu)判县(xian)(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)肆(si)(si)分(fen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)西东也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“士亦(yi)半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)天(tian)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士”者(zhe)(zhe)，天(tian)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士，直有(you)(you)东方(fang)(fang)一(yi)(yi)肆(si)(si)二(er)(er)(er)(er)堵(du)，诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，谓(wei)取一(yi)(yi)堵(du)，或於阶间(jian)，或於东方(fang)(fang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。先(xian)郑(zheng)(zheng)引《春秋(qiu)》者(zhe)(zhe)，襄十(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)年，郑(zheng)(zheng)赂(lu)晋侯(hou)(hou)(hou)歌(ge)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)二(er)(er)(er)(er)肆(si)(si)，晋侯(hou)(hou)(hou)以(yi)(yi)乐(le)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)赐魏(wei)(wei)绛(jiang)(jiang)，魏(wei)(wei)绛(jiang)(jiang)於是乎始有(you)(you)金石之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)，礼也(ye)(ye)(ye)。按彼郑(zheng)(zheng)赂(lu)晋侯(hou)(hou)(hou)，止有(you)(you)二(er)(er)(er)(er)肆(si)(si)，当(dang)天(tian)子(zi)卿(qing)(qing)大夫(fu)(fu)(fu)判县(xian)(xian)，故取半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)赐魏(wei)(wei)绛(jiang)(jiang)，魏(wei)(wei)绛(jiang)(jiang)得之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，分(fen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)左右(you)，故云(yun)(yun)始有(you)(you)金石之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)。引之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)，证诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卿(qing)(qing)大夫(fu)(fu)(fu)判县(xian)(xian)，有(you)(you)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)磬(qing)(qing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。
大师掌六律六同，以合阴阳之声。阳声：黄锺、大蔟、姑洗、蕤宾、夷则、无射。阴声：大吕、应锺、南吕、函锺、小吕、夹锺。皆文之以五声，宫、商、角、徵、羽。皆播之以八音，金、石、土、革、丝、木、匏、竹。（以合阴阳之声者，声之阴阳各有合。黄锺，子之气也，十一月建焉，而辰在星纪。大吕，丑之气也，十二月建焉，而辰在玄枵。大蔟，寅之气也，正月建焉，而辰在И訾。应锺，亥之气也，十月建焉，而辰在析木。姑洗，辰之气也，三月建焉，而辰在大梁。南吕，酉之气也，八月建焉，而辰在寿星。蕤宾，午之气也，五月建焉，而辰在鹑首。林锺，未之气也，六月建焉，而辰在鹑火。夷则，申之气也，七月建焉，而辰在鹑尾。中吕，巳之气也，四月建焉，而辰在实沈。无射，戌之气也，九月建焉，而辰在大火。夹锺，卯之气也，二月建焉，而辰在降娄。辰与建交错贸处如表里然，是其合也。其相生，则以阴阳六体为之。黄锺初九也，下生林锺之初六，林锺又上生大蔟之九二，大蔟又下生南吕之六二，南吕又上生姑洗之九三，姑洗又下生应锺之六三，应锺又上生蕤宾之九四，蕤宾又下生大吕之六四，大吕又上生夷则之九五，夷则又下生夹锺之六五，夹锺又上生无射之上九，无射又上生中吕之上六。同位者象夫妻，异位者象子母，所谓律取妻而吕生子也。黄锺长九寸，其实一，下生者三分去一，上生者三分益一，五下六上，乃一终矣。大吕长八寸二百四十三分寸之一百四，大蔟长八寸，夹锺长七寸二千一百八十七分寸之千七十五，姑洗长七寸九分寸之一，中吕长六寸万九千六百八十三分寸之万二千九百七十四，蕤宾长六寸八十一分寸之二十六，林锺长六寸，夷则长五寸七百二十九分寸之四百五十一，南吕长五寸三分寸之一，无射长四寸六千五百六十一分寸之六千五百二十四，应锺长四寸二十七分寸之二十。文之者，以调五声，使之相次，如锦绣之有文章。播犹扬也，扬之以八音，乃可得而观之矣。金，锺也。石，磬也。土，埙也。革，鼓鼗也。丝，琴瑟也。木，也。匏，笙也。竹，管箫也。
○匏，白(bai)交反。枵(xiao)，虚骄反。И，子榆反。訾，子斯(si)反。大梁，如字，刘音(yin)泰。降，户江反。贸，音(yin)茂(mao)。取，七(qi)喻(yu)反。损，虚袁反。）
[疏]注“以合”至“管箫”
○释曰：此(ci)大(da)(da)师(shi)(shi)无目(mu)，於(wu)(wu)音声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)审，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)使合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)律(lv)(lv)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)及五(wu)(wu)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)八(ba)(ba)音也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郑(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)阴(yin)(yin)(yin)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)阴(yin)(yin)(yin)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)各(ge)有(you)(you)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)律(lv)(lv)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)阴(yin)(yin)(yin)，两两相(xiang)(xiang)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)，十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)律(lv)(lv)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)各(ge)有(you)(you)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“黄(huang)(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)气也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)月(yue)(yue)建焉(yan)，而(er)(er)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)在(zai)(zai)星纪”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)经(jing)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)阴(yin)(yin)(yin)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”，即言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)黄(huang)(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)蔟(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)姑(gu)洗(xi)等(deng)，据(ju)(ju)左(zuo)(zuo)旋(xuan)而(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)阴(yin)(yin)(yin)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)大(da)(da)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)应锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)南(nan)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)等(deng)，据(ju)(ju)右(you)转而(er)(er)说(shuo)(shuo)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)左(zuo)(zuo)右(you)相(xiang)(xiang)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)，按(an)斗(dou)(dou)柄(bing)所(suo)(suo)(suo)建十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)而(er)(er)左(zuo)(zuo)旋(xuan)，日(ri)体十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)与(yu)月(yue)(yue)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)宿(su)而(er)(er)右(you)转。但斗(dou)(dou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)建，建在(zai)(zai)地上(shang)(shang)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)丑(chou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)。辰(chen)(chen)(chen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，日(ri)月(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)会，会在(zai)(zai)天(tian)上(shang)(shang)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)И訾、降(jiang)娄之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)律(lv)(lv)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)候气之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)气言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耳(er)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)黄(huang)(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)律(lv)(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)首，与(yu)大(da)(da)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)先(xian)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“辰(chen)(chen)(chen)与(yu)建交(jiao)错(cuo)贸处如表(biao)里(li)然(ran)(ran)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，贸，易(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。谓若(ruo)《诗》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“抱布(bu)贸丝(si)”，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)贸易(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)先(xian)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)建，後(hou)(hou)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)覆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，亦先(xian)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)建，後(hou)(hou)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)与(yu)建交(jiao)错(cuo)贸易(yi)处，互为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)先(xian)後(hou)(hou)，如似有(you)(you)表(biao)里(li)然(ran)(ran)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)交(jiao)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。假令十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)月(yue)(yue)先(xian)举(ju)黄(huang)(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，後(hou)(hou)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)星纪，覆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)则先(xian)举(ju)大(da)(da)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)，後(hou)(hou)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)玄枵，十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)然(ran)(ran)，义(yi)可(ke)(ke)知(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)相(xiang)(xiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，则以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)阴(yin)(yin)(yin)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)体为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，向上(shang)(shang)所(suo)(suo)(suo)说(shuo)(shuo)，顺(shun)经(jing)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)律(lv)(lv)左(zuo)(zuo)旋(xuan)，六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)右(you)转，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)阴(yin)(yin)(yin)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)左(zuo)(zuo)右(you)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)相(xiang)(xiang)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)。若(ruo)相(xiang)(xiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，则六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)律(lv)(lv)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)左(zuo)(zuo)旋(xuan)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)律(lv)(lv)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)夫(fu)(fu)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)妇，妇从夫(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)左(zuo)(zuo)旋(xuan)。郑(zheng)知(zhi)有(you)(you)阴(yin)(yin)(yin)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)体法者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，见《律(lv)(lv)历志(zhi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“黄(huang)(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)初(chu)九(jiu)，律(lv)(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)首，阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)变也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。因(yin)而(er)(er)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)九(jiu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)法，得(de)(de)(de)林(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。林(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)初(chu)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，吕(lv)(lv)(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)首，阴(yin)(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)变也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)天(tian)地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)阴(yin)(yin)(yin)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)体。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)黄(huang)(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)(zai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)爻(yao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)初(chu)九(jiu)，林(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)(zai)未(wei)，二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)阴(yin)(yin)(yin)爻(yao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，得(de)(de)(de)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)初(chu)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)阴(yin)(yin)(yin)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)，退位(wei)(wei)在(zai)(zai)未(wei)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)曰乾贞(zhen)於(wu)(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)月(yue)(yue)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，坤贞(zhen)於(wu)(wu)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)月(yue)(yue)未(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)位(wei)(wei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)象(xiang)(xiang)夫(fu)(fu)妻(qi)，异(yi)(yi)位(wei)(wei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)象(xiang)(xiang)母(mu)(mu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)位(wei)(wei)，谓若(ruo)黄(huang)(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)初(chu)九(jiu)，下(xia)(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)林(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)初(chu)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，俱是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)初(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，夫(fu)(fu)妇一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)体，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)象(xiang)(xiang)夫(fu)(fu)妇也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。异(yi)(yi)位(wei)(wei)，象(xiang)(xiang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)母(mu)(mu)，谓若(ruo)林(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)上(shang)(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)大(da)(da)蔟(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)九(jiu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)，二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)於(wu)(wu)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)异(yi)(yi)位(wei)(wei)，象(xiang)(xiang)母(mu)(mu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)。但律(lv)(lv)所(suo)(suo)(suo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)夫(fu)(fu)妇，吕(lv)(lv)(lv)所(suo)(suo)(suo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)母(mu)(mu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)律(lv)(lv)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)，律(lv)(lv)所(suo)(suo)(suo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)常(chang)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)位(wei)(wei)，吕(lv)(lv)(lv)所(suo)(suo)(suo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)常(chang)异(yi)(yi)位(wei)(wei)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)律(lv)(lv)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)妻(qi)而(er)(er)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)曰黄(huang)(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)统(tong)，律(lv)(lv)长(zhang)(zhang)九(jiu)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)；林(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)地统(tong)，律(lv)(lv)长(zhang)(zhang)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)；大(da)(da)蔟(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)统(tong)，律(lv)(lv)长(zhang)(zhang)八(ba)(ba)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)。林(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)位(wei)(wei)在(zai)(zai)未(wei)，得(de)(de)(de)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)地统(tong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)未(wei)冲丑(chou)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《志(zhi)》又(you)(you)(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)管(guan)(guan)相(xiang)(xiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)八(ba)(ba)八(ba)(ba)，上(shang)(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)下(xia)(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，尽於(wu)(wu)中吕(lv)(lv)(lv)，阴(yin)(yin)(yin)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)相(xiang)(xiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，自(zi)黄(huang)(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)始，而(er)(er)左(zuo)(zuo)旋(xuan)，八(ba)(ba)八(ba)(ba)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)伍。”又(you)(you)(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)参天(tian)两地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”。注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)而(er)(er)九(jiu)，二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)而(er)(er)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)。”上(shang)(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)下(xia)(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)九(jiu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)法，九(jiu)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，阴(yin)(yin)(yin)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)夫(fu)(fu)妇子(zi)(zi)(zi)母(mu)(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道，律(lv)(lv)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)妻(qi)而(er)(er)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，天(tian)地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情(qing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)律(lv)(lv)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)，而(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)立矣。五(wu)(wu)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)清浊，而(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)日(ri)行矣。郑(zheng)注(zhu)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)义(yi)於(wu)(wu)此(ci)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“黄(huang)(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)长(zhang)(zhang)九(jiu)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)实一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，亦《律(lv)(lv)历志(zhi)》文(wen)。按(an)彼云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“子(zi)(zi)(zi)黍中”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，千(qian)有(you)(you)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)百(bai)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)实一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。彼又(you)(you)(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)黄(huang)(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，律(lv)(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)实也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“下(xia)(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)去(qu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，上(shang)(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)益一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，子(zi)(zi)(zi)午(wu)已(yi)东为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)上(shang)(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，子(zi)(zi)(zi)午(wu)已(yi)西为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)下(xia)(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。东为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)主其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)益，西为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)阴(yin)(yin)(yin)，阴(yin)(yin)(yin)主其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)减，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)上(shang)(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)益，下(xia)(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)减。必(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)法者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)法於(wu)(wu)天(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)数(shu)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“大(da)(da)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)长(zhang)(zhang)八(ba)(ba)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)百(bai)四(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)百(bai)四(si)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)黄(huang)(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)律(lv)(lv)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)本，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)八(ba)(ba)相(xiang)(xiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，下(xia)(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)林(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，林(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)上(shang)(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)大(da)(da)蔟(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)，大(da)(da)蔟(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)下(xia)(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)南(nan)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)，已(yi)後(hou)(hou)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)然(ran)(ran)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)次(ci)(ci)。今郑(zheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)黄(huang)(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、大(da)(da)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)、大(da)(da)蔟(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)等(deng)相(xiang)(xiang)比为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)次(ci)(ci)第(di)(di)，不依相(xiang)(xiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)次(ci)(ci)第(di)(di)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，郑(zheng)意(yi)既以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)下(xia)(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)得(de)(de)(de)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)数(shu)长(zhang)(zhang)短，乃依十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)次(ci)(ci)第(di)(di)而(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)耳(er)。此(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)数(shu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)黄(huang)(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)长(zhang)(zhang)九(jiu)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，下(xia)(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)林(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)减一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，去(qu)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)林(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)长(zhang)(zhang)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)。林(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)上(shang)(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)大(da)(da)蔟(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)，三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)益一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)益二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)大(da)(da)蔟(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)长(zhang)(zhang)八(ba)(ba)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)。此(ci)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)统(tong)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)无馀(yu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)。大(da)(da)蔟(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)下(xia)(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)南(nan)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)，三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)减一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，八(ba)(ba)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，减二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，得(de)(de)(de)四(si)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)，馀(yu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)，合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)，去(qu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)，四(si)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)在(zai)(zai)，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，添(tian)前(qian)四(si)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)五(wu)(wu)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，馀(yu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)在(zai)(zai)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)南(nan)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)长(zhang)(zhang)五(wu)(wu)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。南(nan)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)上(shang)(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)姑(gu)洗(xi)，三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)益一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，五(wu)(wu)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，益一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)四(si)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，又(you)(you)(you)(you)馀(yu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)，又(you)(you)(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)馀(yu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)，添(tian)前(qian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)，益七(qi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七(qi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，添(tian)前(qian)四(si)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)七(qi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，馀(yu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)在(zai)(zai)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)姑(gu)洗(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)长(zhang)(zhang)七(qi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)九(jiu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。姑(gu)洗(xi)下(xia)(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)应锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)去(qu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)去(qu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，得(de)(de)(de)四(si)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)又(you)(you)(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)馀(yu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七(qi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)，馀(yu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)，添(tian)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七(qi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)，减十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)，馀(yu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)应锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)长(zhang)(zhang)四(si)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七(qi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。自(zi)此(ci)已(yi)下(xia)(xia)相(xiang)(xiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)数(shu)，而(er)(er)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)减益之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)义(yi)可(ke)(ke)知(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不具详也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“文(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)调(diao)(diao)五(wu)(wu)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，使之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)次(ci)(ci)，如锦绣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)文(wen)章(zhang)(zhang)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓据(ju)(ju)律(lv)(lv)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)调(diao)(diao)五(wu)(wu)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，相(xiang)(xiang)次(ci)(ci)如锦绣有(you)(you)文(wen)章(zhang)(zhang)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)名五(wu)(wu)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)文(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)即八(ba)(ba)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)丝(si)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宫，七(qi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)丝(si)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)商之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。又(you)(you)(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“播犹(you)扬也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，扬之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)八(ba)(ba)音，乃可(ke)(ke)得(de)(de)(de)而(er)(er)观之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，五(wu)(wu)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)律(lv)(lv)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)调(diao)(diao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)八(ba)(ba)音亦使与(yu)律(lv)(lv)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)相(xiang)(xiang)应，八(ba)(ba)音亦合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)五(wu)(wu)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，则丝(si)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。但其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)发扬出声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)播扬也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)可(ke)(ke)得(de)(de)(de)观者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，义(yi)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)《左(zuo)(zuo)氏(shi)》季札请观周乐，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)“观”言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“金(jin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”已(yi)下(xia)(xia)，郑(zheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)义(yi)约之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。按(an)下(xia)(xia)《瞽(gu)蒙职》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“播鼗、、、埙、箫、管(guan)(guan)、弦、歌”，《视了职》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“掌(zhang)(zhang)击颂磬、笙(sheng)磬”，磬师(shi)(shi)掌(zhang)(zhang)击编钟，鼓人(ren)(ren)掌(zhang)(zhang)教(jiao)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)鼓，笙(sheng)师(shi)(shi)掌(zhang)(zhang)教(jiao)吹笙(sheng)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)乐器(qi)中有(you)(you)此(ci)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)磬等(deng)八(ba)(ba)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)金(jin)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，磬以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)石(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，埙以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)土为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，鼓鼗以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)革为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)木为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，笙(sheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)插竹(zhu)於(wu)(wu)匏(pao)，但匏(pao)笙(sheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)笙(sheng)解匏(pao)。箫管(guan)(guan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)竹(zhu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)磬等(deng)释金(jin)石(shi)等(deng)八(ba)(ba)音。但匏(pao)笙(sheng)亦以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)竹(zhu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)经(jing)别言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)匏(pao)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)匏(pao)不得(de)(de)(de)竹(zhu)名也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
教六诗：曰风，曰赋，曰比，曰兴，曰雅，曰颂。（教，教瞽蒙也。风，言贤圣治道之遗化也。赋之言铺，直铺陈今之政教善恶。比，见今之失，不敢斥言，取比类以言之。兴，见今之美，嫌於媚谀，取善事以喻劝之。雅，正也，言今之正者，以为後世法。颂之言诵也，容也，诵今之德，广以美之。郑司农云：“古而自有风雅颂之名，故延陵季子观乐於鲁时，孔子尚幼，未定《诗》、《书》，而因为之歌《邶》、《》、《卫》，曰‘是其《卫风》乎’，又为之歌《小雅》、《大雅》，又为之歌《颂》。《论语》曰：‘吾自卫反鲁，然後乐正，《雅》、《颂》各得其所。’时礼乐自诸侯出，颇有谬乱不正，孔子正之。曰比曰兴，比者，比方於物也。兴者，托事於物。”
○兴，虚应反(fan)，注皆(jie)同。治，直吏反(fan)，下“治功”皆(jie)同。铺(pu)，普吴反(fan)，又音孚(fu)。为之，于伪反(fan)，下“为之”、“为作”皆(jie)同。邶，步内反(fan)。）
[疏]“教六”至“曰颂”
○释曰：按《诗》上下惟有风、雅、颂，是《诗》之名也。但就三者之中，有比、赋、兴，故总谓之“六诗”也。
○注“教教”至“於物”
○释曰：郑(zheng)(zheng)知此(ci)“教”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)教瞽蒙者(zhe)(zhe)，按下《瞽蒙职》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“讽诵(song)(song)诗”，故(gu)知教者(zhe)(zhe)，教瞽蒙也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“风(feng)(feng)(feng)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)贤(xian)圣(sheng)治(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)遗(yi)(yi)化也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)，但风(feng)(feng)(feng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)十(shi)(shi)五国风(feng)(feng)(feng)，从《关(guan)雎(ju)》至《七月》，则(ze)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)总号，其(qi)(qi)中或有剌责(ze)人君(jun)，或有褒美(mei)主(zhu)上。今(jin)(jin)郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)贤(xian)圣(sheng)治(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)遗(yi)(yi)化者(zhe)(zhe)，郑(zheng)(zheng)据(ju)二(er)南(nan)(nan)正风(feng)(feng)(feng)而(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，《周(zhou)(zhou)南(nan)(nan)》是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)圣(sheng)人治(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)遗(yi)(yi)化，《召南(nan)(nan)》是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)贤(xian)人治(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)遗(yi)(yi)化，自《邶(bei)》、《》已下是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)变风(feng)(feng)(feng)，非(fei)贤(xian)圣(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)治(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“赋之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)铺，直(zhi)铺陈今(jin)(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)政教善(shan)恶”者(zhe)(zhe)，凡(fan)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)赋者(zhe)(zhe)，直(zhi)陈君(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)善(shan)恶，更假外物为(wei)喻(yu)，故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)铺陈者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“比(bi)，见今(jin)(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)失，不(bu)(bu)敢斥言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，取比(bi)类以(yi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。兴(xing)，见今(jin)(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美(mei)，嫌於(wu)媚谀，取善(shan)事以(yi)喻(yu)劝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)(wei)若《关(guan)雎(ju)》兴(xing)后妃(fei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“雅(ya)(ya)，正也(ye)(ye)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)今(jin)(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)正者(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)为(wei)後(hou)世法”者(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)(wei)若《鹿鸣(ming)》、《文(wen)王(wang)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“颂(song)(song)(song)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)诵(song)(song)也(ye)(ye)，容(rong)也(ye)(ye)，诵(song)(song)今(jin)(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德，广以(yi)美(mei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)，凡(fan)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)颂(song)(song)(song)者(zhe)(zhe)，美(mei)盛德之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)形(xing)容(rong)，以(yi)其(qi)(qi)成功告於(wu)神明(ming)，谓(wei)(wei)若《清(qing)庙》颂(song)(song)(song)文(wen)王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐歌之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)。郑(zheng)(zheng)司农云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“古而(er)(er)自有风(feng)(feng)(feng)、雅(ya)(ya)、颂(song)(song)(song)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名”已下，後(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)从之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)不(bu)(bu)破。若然(ran)，此(ci)经有风(feng)(feng)(feng)、雅(ya)(ya)、颂(song)(song)(song)，则(ze)在(zai)周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)时，明(ming)不(bu)(bu)在(zai)孔子时矣。而(er)(er)先(xian)郑(zheng)(zheng)引《春(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)》为(wei)证(zheng)者(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)时人不(bu)(bu)信《周(zhou)(zhou)礼》者(zhe)(zhe)，故(gu)以(yi)《春(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)》为(wei)证(zheng)，以(yi)与《春(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)》同(tong)，明(ming)此(ci)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)所作耳。按襄二(er)十(shi)(shi)九(jiu)年(nian)，季(ji)(ji)札(zha)(zha)聘鲁(lu)，请观周(zhou)(zhou)乐，为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歌《邶(bei)》、《》、《卫(wei)》、《小雅(ya)(ya)》、《大(da)雅(ya)(ya)》及《颂(song)(song)(song)》等(deng)。先(xian)郑(zheng)(zheng)彼(bi)注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“孔子自卫(wei)反鲁(lu)，然(ran)後(hou)乐正，《雅(ya)(ya)》、《颂(song)(song)(song)》各(ge)得其(qi)(qi)所。”自卫(wei)反鲁(lu)在(zai)哀公(gong)十(shi)(shi)一年(nian)，当此(ci)时，《雅(ya)(ya)》、《颂(song)(song)(song)》未定，而(er)(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)为(wei)歌《大(da)雅(ya)(ya)》、《小雅(ya)(ya)》、《颂(song)(song)(song)》者(zhe)(zhe)，传家据(ju)已定录(lu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)季(ji)(ji)札(zha)(zha)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)乐，与圣(sheng)人同(tong)。与此(ci)注(zhu)违者(zhe)(zhe)，先(xian)郑(zheng)(zheng)两解(jie)，虽然(ran)，据(ju)此(ci)经是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)时已有《风(feng)(feng)(feng)》、《雅(ya)(ya)》、《颂(song)(song)(song)》，则(ze)彼(bi)注(zhu)非(fei)也(ye)(ye)。
以六德为之本，（所教诗必有知、仁、圣、义、忠、和之道，乃後可教以乐歌。
○知，音智。）
[疏]注“所教”至“乐歌”
○释曰(yue)：凡受(shou)教(jiao)者，必(bi)以行为本(ben)(ben)，故使(shi)先有六德(de)为本(ben)(ben)，乃可(ke)习六诗也。按《大司徒职(zhi)》云：“以乡三物教(jiao)万民，一曰(yue)六德(de)，知、仁、圣(sheng)、义、忠(zhong)、和。”又按《师氏》以三德(de)教(jiao)国子(zi)，至德(de)、敏德(de)、孝德(de)，此既教(jiao)瞽蒙(meng)故，取教(jiao)万民之六德(de)以释之耳。
以六(liu)律(lv)为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)音。（以律(lv)视其人为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)音，知其宜何(he)歌(ge)。子贡见师乙(yi)而问曰：“赐(ci)也闻乐歌(ge)各有宜，若(ruo)赐(ci)者宜何(he)歌(ge)？”此问人性也。本人之(zhi)(zhi)性，莫(mo)善於律(lv)。）
[疏]注“以律”至“於律”
○释曰(yue)(yue)：郑云(yun)“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)律视(shi)其人(ren)为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)音，知其宜何(he)歌”者(zhe)(zhe)，则大(da)师(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)吹律为(wei)声，又使(shi)其人(ren)作声而合(he)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。听人(ren)声与律吕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)声合(he)谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)音。或合(he)宫声，或合(he)商声，或合(he)角(jiao)徵(zhi)羽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)声。听其人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)声，则知宜歌何(he)诗。若然，经云(yun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)六律为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)音，据大(da)师(shi)(shi)吹律，共学者(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)声合(he)，乃为(wei)音，似若曲合(he)乐曰(yue)(yue)歌之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类也(ye)。云(yun)“子(zi)贡”已下，《乐记》文(wen)，师(shi)(shi)乙，乃鲁(lu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)师(shi)(shi)，瞽(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)无目知音者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)，故子(zi)贡不自审，就(jiu)师(shi)(shi)乙而问之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)“此问人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)性(xing)(xing)”者(zhe)(zhe)，谓子(zi)贡所问，问人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)性(xing)(xing)。性(xing)(xing)，即性(xing)(xing)睹见於(wu)声气，故云(yun)“本(ben)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)性(xing)(xing)，莫善於(wu)律”也(ye)。引(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)，证(zheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)律为(wei)音，本(ben)人(ren)性(xing)(xing)所宜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事也(ye)。
大祭祀，帅瞽登歌，令奏击拊，（击拊，瞽乃歌也。故书“拊”为“付”，郑司农云：“登歌，歌者在堂也。付字当为拊，书亦或为拊。乐或当击，或当拊。登歌下管，贵人声也。”玄谓拊形如鼓，以韦为之，著之以糠。
○拊，音抚。）
[疏]“大祭”至“击拊”
○释曰：谓凡大祭之时，大师有此一事。言“帅瞽登歌”者，谓下神合乐，皆升歌《清庙》。故将作乐时，大师帅取瞽人登堂，於西阶之东，北面坐，而歌者与瑟以歌诗也。“令奏击拊”者，拊所以导引歌者，故先击拊瞽乃歌也。歌者出声谓之奏，故云奏也。
○注“击拊”至“以糠”
○释曰：郑(zheng)(zheng)云“击(ji)(ji)拊(fu)(fu)，瞽乃(nai)歌(ge)也”者，见经云“令(ling)奏击(ji)(ji)拊(fu)(fu)”，故知(zhi)击(ji)(ji)拊(fu)(fu)乃(nai)歌(ge)也。“先郑(zheng)(zheng)云，乐(le)(le)(le)或当(dang)击(ji)(ji)，或当(dang)拊(fu)(fu)”者，先郑(zheng)(zheng)之意，击(ji)(ji)拊(fu)(fu)谓(wei)若《尚书(shu)》云“击(ji)(ji)石拊(fu)(fu)石”，皆是作(zuo)用(yong)之名，拊(fu)(fu)非乐(le)(le)(le)器(qi)。後郑(zheng)(zheng)不从(cong)者，此击(ji)(ji)拊(fu)(fu)，谓(wei)若下文鼓(gu)乃(nai)击(ji)(ji)应鼙(pi)之类(lei)，彼鼙(pi)是乐(le)(le)(le)器(qi)，则知(zhi)此拊(fu)(fu)亦乐(le)(le)(le)器(qi)也。“玄谓(wei)拊(fu)(fu)形如鼓(gu)，以(yi)韦为(wei)之，著之以(yi)糠”者，此破先郑(zheng)(zheng)拊(fu)(fu)非乐(le)(le)(le)器(qi)。知(zhi)义(yi)如此者，约《白虎(hu)通》引《尚书(shu)大传》云“拊(fu)(fu)革，装之以(yi)糠”。今《书(shu)传》无(wu)者，在亡逸中。
下管播乐器，令奏鼓。（鼓，管乃作也。特言管者，贵人气也。郑司农云：“下管，吹管者在堂下。，小鼓也。先击小鼓，乃击大鼓。小鼓为大鼓先引，故曰。读为道引之引。”玄谓鼓言击，《诗》云“应县鼓。”
○，音(yin)胤。道，音(yin)导。引之引，并音(yin)胤。）
[疏]“下管”至“鼓”
○释曰：凡乐，歌者在上，匏竹在下，故云“下管播乐器”。乐器，即笙箫及管皆是。声出曰播，谓播扬其声。令奏鼓者，奏即播，亦一也。欲令奏乐器之时，亦先击导之也。
○注“鼓”至“县鼓”
○释曰：郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)云“鼓(gu)，管乃(nai)(nai)作也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)，亦(yi)如(ru)上(shang)注(zhu)击拊瞽(gu)乃(nai)(nai)歌。云“特言(yan)管者(zhe)，贵(gui)(gui)人(ren)气也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)，以管箫皆用(yong)气，故云贵(gui)(gui)人(ren)气。若(ruo)然，先(xian)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)云“登歌下(xia)管，贵(gui)(gui)人(ren)声(sheng)”，此(ci)後郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)云“特言(yan)管者(zhe)，贵(gui)(gui)人(ren)气”，不(bu)同者(zhe)，各有所对(dui)。若(ruo)以歌者(zhe)在(zai)(zai)上(shang)，对(dui)匏(pao)竹在(zai)(zai)下(xia)，歌用(yong)人(ren)，人(ren)声(sheng)为贵(gui)(gui)，故在(zai)(zai)上(shang)。若(ruo)以匏(pao)竹在(zai)(zai)堂下(xia)，对(dui)锺鼓(gu)在(zai)(zai)庭，则匏(pao)竹用(yong)气，贵(gui)(gui)於用(yong)手(shou)，故在(zai)(zai)阶间也(ye)(ye)。後郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)云“鼓(gu)犹言(yan)击”者(zhe)，此(ci)上(shang)下(xia)文拊与鼓(gu)皆言(yan)击，则此(ci)鼓(gu)谓(wei)出(chu)声(sheng)，亦(yi)击之(zhi)类也(ye)(ye)。《诗(shi)》云“应县鼓(gu)”，《周颂·有瞽(gu)》篇也(ye)(ye)。
大飨亦如之。
[疏]“大飨亦如之”
○释曰：此大(da)飨(xiang)(xiang)，谓(wei)诸侯来朝，即(ji)《大(da)行(xing)人(ren)》上(shang)公三飨(xiang)(xiang)、侯伯(bo)再(zai)飨(xiang)(xiang)、子男(nan)一飨(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)类。其(qi)在庙行(xing)飨(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)时，作乐与(yu)大(da)祭(ji)祀(si)同(tong)，亦(yi)(yi)如(ru)上(shang)大(da)祭(ji)祀(si)师瞽登(deng)歌(ge)(ge)，下管播(bo)乐器(qi)令(ling)奏(zou)，皆同(tong)，故云“亦(yi)(yi)如(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)”。凡祭(ji)祀(si)、大(da)飨(xiang)(xiang)及宾射，升歌(ge)(ge)、下管，一皆大(da)师令(ling)奏(zou)，小师佐之(zhi)(zhi)。其(qi)锺(zhong)鼓(gu)，则大(da)祝令(ling)奏(zou)，故《大(da)祝》云“隋衅(xin)逆(ni)牲，逆(ni)尸，令(ling)锺(zhong)鼓(gu)，右亦(yi)(yi)如(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)”。若宾射及飨(xiang)(xiang)，锺(zhong)鼓(gu)亦(yi)(yi)当大(da)祝令(ling)之(zhi)(zhi)，与(yu)祭(ji)祀(si)同(tong)也(ye)。其(qi)小祭(ji)祀(si)及小宾客，文不见，或无升歌(ge)(ge)之(zhi)(zhi)乐。其(qi)外祭(ji)祀(si)山川(chuan)社稷，皆准(zhun)大(da)祭(ji)祀(si)令(ling)奏(zou)也(ye)。
大射，帅瞽而歌射节。（射节，王歌《驺(zou)虞》。）
[疏]注“射节王歌驺虞”
○释曰：言射节者(zhe)，谓若《射人》所云(yun)乐(le)以《驺虞(yu)》九节，《首(shou)》七节，《采》、《采蘩》五节之(zhi)类(lei)，则大(da)师为之(zhi)歌也。
大师，执同律以听军声，而诏吉凶。（大师，大起军师。《兵书》曰：“王者行师出军之日，授将弓矢，士卒振旅，将张弓大呼，大师吹律合音。商则战胜，军士强；角则军扰多变，失士心；宫则军和，士卒同心；徵则将急数怒，军士劳；弱则兵羽，少威明。”郑司农说以师旷曰：“吾骤歌北风，又歌南风，南风不竞，多死声，楚必无功。”
○将，子(zi)匠反(fan)。卒(zu)，子(zi)忽反(fan)，下同(tong)。呼，火故(gu)反(fan)。数，所(suo)角反(fan)。）
[疏]注“大师”至“无功”
○释(shi)曰(yue)(yue)：《兵书》者(zhe)(zhe)，武王出兵之(zhi)(zhi)书。云“合音(yin)，商(shang)则(ze)(ze)(ze)战胜，军(jun)(jun)士(shi)强(qiang)”者(zhe)(zhe)，商(shang)属西(xi)方金，金主刚断，故(gu)(gu)兵士(shi)强(qiang)也(ye)。“角则(ze)(ze)(ze)军(jun)(jun)扰多(duo)变，失士(shi)心(xin)”者(zhe)(zhe)，东方木(mu)，木(mu)主曲(qu)直(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)军(jun)(jun)士(shi)扰多(duo)变，失士(shi)心(xin)。“宫则(ze)(ze)(ze)军(jun)(jun)和，士(shi)卒同心(xin)”者(zhe)(zhe)，中央土，土主生(sheng)长(zhang)，又载四行，故(gu)(gu)军(jun)(jun)士(shi)和而(er)同心(xin)。“徵(zhi)则(ze)(ze)(ze)将(jiang)急数怒(nu)，军(jun)(jun)士(shi)劳”者(zhe)(zhe)，南(nan)(nan)方火，火主怒(nu)，故(gu)(gu)将(jiang)急数怒(nu)。“羽则(ze)(ze)(ze)兵弱，少威明(ming)”者(zhe)(zhe)，北(bei)方水(shui)，水(shui)主柔弱，又主幽暗(an)，故(gu)(gu)兵弱少威明(ming)也(ye)。先郑引师(shi)(shi)旷曰(yue)(yue)者(zhe)(zhe)，按襄公十八年，楚(chu)子使子庚帅师(shi)(shi)侵(qin)郑，《左传(chuan)》曰(yue)(yue)：“甚雨及之(zhi)(zhi)，楚(chu)师(shi)(shi)多(duo)冻，役徒几尽。晋人闻有楚(chu)师(shi)(shi)，师(shi)(shi)旷曰(yue)(yue)：‘不害(hai)，吾骤歌北(bei)风(feng)(feng)(feng)，又歌南(nan)(nan)风(feng)(feng)(feng)，南(nan)(nan)风(feng)(feng)(feng)不竞，多(duo)死声，楚(chu)必无功。’”注(zhu)云：“北(bei)风(feng)(feng)(feng)，夹锺(zhong)无射(she)以北(bei)，南(nan)(nan)风(feng)(feng)(feng)，姑洗南(nan)(nan)吕以南(nan)(nan)。南(nan)(nan)律气不至，故(gu)(gu)死声多(duo)。”吹(chui)律而(er)言(yan)歌与风(feng)(feng)(feng)者(zhe)(zhe)，出声曰(yue)(yue)歌，以律是(shi)候气之(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)，气则(ze)(ze)(ze)风(feng)(feng)(feng)也(ye)，故(gu)(gu)言(yan)歌风(feng)(feng)(feng)。引之(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)，证(zheng)吹(chui)律知吉凶之(zhi)(zhi)事也(ye)。
大丧，帅瞽而，作柩，谥。（，兴也，兴言王之行，谓讽诵其治功之诗，故书“”为“淫”，郑司农云：“淫，陈也。陈其生时行迹，为作谥。”
○行(xing)，下(xia)孟反(fan)，下(xia)同。）
[疏]“大丧”至“柩谥”
○释曰：大丧言“凡”，则大丧中兼王后。虽妇从夫谥，亦须论行乃谥之。言“帅瞽”者，即帅瞽蒙歌王治功以诗。“作<匚旧>谥”者，<匚旧>，即柩也，古字通用之。以其兴喻王治功之诗，为柩作谥。故云作柩谥，是以《瞽蒙职》云“讽诵诗”，诵作谥时也。
○注“兴”至“作谥”
○释曰：云“，兴(xing)也”者(zhe)(zhe)，先郑以(yi)(yi)从(cong)古书，“”作(zuo)“淫(yin)”。淫(yin)，陈也。《周(zhou)礼》之(zhi)内，先郑皆(jie)从(cong)“淫(yin)”为(wei)“陈”，後郑皆(jie)为(wei)“兴(xing)”，引之(zhi)在下者(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)无正(zheng)文，亦得(de)为(wei)一义(yi)故也。凡作(zuo)谥(shi)，谓将葬时，故《檀弓》云：“公(gong)叔(shu)文子(zi)卒，其(qi)子(zi)戌请(qing)於君曰：日(ri)月有时，将葬矣，请(qing)所以(yi)(yi)易其(qi)名(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)。”《曾子(zi)问》云：“贱不(bu)诔贵，幼(you)不(bu)诔长，天子(zi)称天以(yi)(yi)诔之(zhi)。”引《公(gong)羊说》制谥(shi)於南(nan)郊是也。
凡国之(zhi)瞽蒙正焉。（从(cong)大师之(zhi)政教。）
[疏]注“从大师之政教”
○释曰：大(da)师是(shi)瞽人之(zhi)(zhi)中乐(le)官之(zhi)(zhi)长(zhang)，故瞽蒙属(shu)焉而受其(qi)政(zheng)教也。
小师掌教鼓鼗、、、埙、箫、管、弦、歌。（教，教瞽蒙也。出音曰鼓。鼗如鼓而小，持其柄摇之，旁耳还自击。埙，烧土为之，大如雁卵。箫，编小竹管，如今卖饴饧所吹者。弦，谓琴瑟也。歌，依咏诗也。郑司农云：“如漆，中有椎。，木虎也。埙，六孔。管，如篪，六孔。”玄谓管如{逐}而小，亻并两而吹之，今大予乐官有焉。
○摇(yao)，音遥，本(ben)亦作摇(yao)。饴(yi)，以(yi)之反。饧，辞盈(ying)反，李音唐。，音动。椎，直追反。六(liu)空(kong)，音孔。篪，音驰。{逐}，音狄。亻并(bing)，薄令反。）
[疏]注“教教”至“有焉”
○释曰：郑(zheng)(zheng)知教(jiao)(jiao)瞽(gu)蒙者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，按(an)瞽(gu)蒙所作(zuo)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)器，与此(ci)所要者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)同，明此(ci)教(jiao)(jiao)，教(jiao)(jiao)瞽(gu)蒙也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郑(zheng)(zheng)知此(ci)经鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)非六(liu)鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，按(an)《鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)人》云(yun)(yun)“掌(zhang)教(jiao)(jiao)六(liu)鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)”，《视了职(zhi)》云(yun)(yun)“掌(zhang)大(da)(da)师之(zhi)(zhi)县”，又云(yun)(yun)“宾射皆奏其(qi)锺鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)”，则六(liu)鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)人教(jiao)(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi)，视了击之(zhi)(zhi)，非此(ci)小(xiao)师教(jiao)(jiao)。又瞽(gu)蒙所作(zuo)不言鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)，明此(ci)鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)既在鼗(tao)已(yi)下诸(zhu)器之(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)，是出声(sheng)为(wei)鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。後(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)解鼗(tao)，依(yi)汉法(fa)而知。“埙，烧土为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)，大(da)(da)如(ru)(ru)雁卵(luan)”，先(xian)(xian)郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)“埙，六(liu)孔(kong)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，按(an)《广(guang)(guang)雅(ya)》云(yun)(yun)“埙象秤锤(chui)，以(yi)土为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)，六(liu)孔(kong)”，故(gu)二(er)郑(zheng)(zheng)为(wei)此(ci)解也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“箫(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)，编小(xiao)竹”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，按(an)《通卦验》云(yun)(yun)“箫(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)长(zhang)(zhang)尺四(si)(si)寸”。注云(yun)(yun)：“箫(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)，管(guan)形(xing)象鸟(niao)翼。鸟(niao)为(wei)火，火成(cheng)数七，生(sheng)数二(er)，二(er)七一十(shi)四(si)(si)，箫(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)之(zhi)(zhi)长(zhang)(zhang)由此(ci)。”《广(guang)(guang)雅(ya)》云(yun)(yun)：“箫(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)，大(da)(da)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)二(er)十(shi)四(si)(si)管(guan)，小(xiao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)十(shi)六(liu)管(guan)，有(you)底(di)。”《三礼图》云(yun)(yun)：“箫(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)长(zhang)(zhang)尺四(si)(si)寸，颂箫(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)长(zhang)(zhang)尺二(er)寸。”此(ci)诸(zhu)文箫(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)有(you)长(zhang)(zhang)短不同，古者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)有(you)此(ci)制也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“管(guan)，如(ru)(ru)今卖饴饧所吹(chui)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)”，先(xian)(xian)郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)：“管(guan)如(ru)(ru)篪(chi)，六(liu)孔(kong)。”按(an)《广(guang)(guang)雅(ya)》云(yun)(yun)：“管(guan)象箫(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)，长(zhang)(zhang)尺，围寸，八孔(kong)，无底(di)。”八孔(kong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，盖(gai)传(chuan)写误(wu)，当从(cong)六(liu)孔(kong)为(wei)正(zheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“弦谓(wei)琴(qin)瑟(se)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，歌依(yi)咏(yong)(yong)诗(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)工歌诗(shi)(shi)，依(yi)琴(qin)瑟(se)而咏(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)诗(shi)(shi)，此(ci)即《诗(shi)(shi)传(chuan)》云(yun)(yun)“曲合(he)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)曰歌”，亦一也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)乡饮酒之(zhi)(zhi)属，升歌皆有(you)瑟(se)，依(yi)咏(yong)(yong)诗(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若不依(yi)琴(qin)瑟(se)，即《尔雅(ya)》“徒歌曰谣”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。先(xian)(xian)郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)“状(zhuang)(zhuang)如(ru)(ru)漆(qi)，中有(you)椎(zhui)。，木(mu)虎(hu)(hu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《书》云(yun)(yun)“合(he)止”。注云(yun)(yun)：“，状(zhuang)(zhuang)如(ru)(ru)漆(qi)而有(you)椎(zhui)，合(he)之(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，投(tou)椎(zhui)其(qi)中而撞之(zhi)(zhi)。，状(zhuang)(zhuang)如(ru)(ru)木(mu)虎(hu)(hu)，背有(you)刻(ke)，所以(yi)鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)止乐(le)(le)(le)(le)。”《尔雅(ya)》注云(yun)(yun)：“，如(ru)(ru)漆(qi)桶，方二(er)尺四(si)(si)寸，深一尺八寸。，如(ru)(ru)伏(fu)虎(hu)(hu)，背上(shang)有(you)二(er)十(shi)七Θ钅吾(wu)刻(ke)，以(yi)木(mu)长(zhang)(zhang)尺栎之(zhi)(zhi)。”“玄谓(wei)管(guan)如(ru)(ru){逐}而小(xiao)，并两而吹(chui)之(zhi)(zhi)，今大(da)(da)予乐(le)(le)(le)(le)官有(you)焉”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，观後(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)意，以(yi)不与诸(zhu)家(jia)同，故(gu)引汉法(fa)大(da)(da)予乐(le)(le)(le)(le)官为(wei)况也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
大祭祀登歌，击拊，（亦自有拊击之，佐大师令奏。郑司农云：“拊者击石。”
○令(ling)，力(li)呈反。）
[疏]注“亦自”至“击石”
○释曰(yue)：郑知(zhi)小(xiao)(xiao)师亦自(zi)击(ji)(ji)(ji)拊(fu)，不共大师同(tong)击(ji)(ji)(ji)拊(fu)者(zhe)，见大师下管鼓，此小(xiao)(xiao)师下管别(bie)自(zi)击(ji)(ji)(ji)应(ying)鼙，不同(tong)，明击(ji)(ji)(ji)拊(fu)亦别(bie)可知(zhi)。但小(xiao)(xiao)师佐(zuo)大师耳(er)。引先郑拊(fu)为击(ji)(ji)(ji)石者(zhe)，先郑上注巳解拊(fu)与(yu)击(ji)(ji)(ji)同(tong)，後郑不从，今引之在下者(zhe)，以无正文，引之，或得为一义故(gu)也。
下管，击应鼓，（应，鼙也。应与及朔，皆小鼓也。其所用别未闻。
○鼙，薄(bo)西(xi)反。）
[疏]注“应鼙”至“未闻”
○释(shi)曰：郑知应(ying)(ying)是(shi)应(ying)(ying)鼙(pi)，及有(you)(you)(you)朔(shuo)鼙(pi)者(zhe)(zhe)，按《大射(she)》“建(jian)鼓在阼阶西，南鼓，应(ying)(ying)鼙(pi)在其(qi)(qi)东”，以(yi)是(shi)知应(ying)(ying)是(shi)应(ying)(ying)鼙(pi)。彼(bi)又云“一(yi)建(jian)鼓在西阶之(zhi)西，朔(shuo)鼙(pi)在其(qi)(qi)北”，是(shi)知有(you)(you)(you)朔(shuo)鼙(pi)也(ye)。知皆(jie)小(xiao)鼓者(zhe)(zhe)，击(ji)鼓者(zhe)(zhe)即事(shi)之(zhi)渐，先(xian)击(ji)小(xiao)，後(hou)击(ji)大，故(gu)《大射(she)》云：“应(ying)(ying)鼙(pi)在其(qi)(qi)东，朔(shuo)鼙(pi)在其(qi)(qi)北，鼙(pi)者(zhe)(zhe)皆(jie)在人右(you)。”郑彼(bi)注云：“便其(qi)(qi)先(xian)击(ji)小(xiao)，後(hou)击(ji)大。”既便其(qi)(qi)事(shi)，是(shi)鼙(pi)皆(jie)小(xiao)鼓也(ye)。云“其(qi)(qi)所用别未闻”者(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)上下祭祀(si)之(zhi)事(shi)，有(you)(you)(you)应(ying)(ying)，有(you)(you)(you)，无(wu)朔(shuo)。《大射(she)》有(you)(you)(you)朔(shuo)，有(you)(you)(you)应(ying)(ying)，无(wu)。凡言“应(ying)(ying)”者(zhe)(zhe)，应(ying)(ying)朔(shuo)鼙(pi)，祭祀(si)既有(you)(you)(you)应(ying)(ying)，明有(you)(you)(you)朔(shuo)，但(dan)无(wu)文，不可强定之(zhi)，故(gu)云用别未闻也(ye)。
彻(che)，歌(ge)。（於有司彻(che)而歌(ge)《雍》。）
[疏]注“於有”至“歌雍”
○释曰(yue)：郑知彻(che)祭器(qi)歌《雍(yong)(yong)》者，见(jian)《论语·八佾》云：“三(san)家(jia)者以(yi)《雍(yong)(yong)》彻(che)，孔子(zi)云：‘相维辟公，天(tian)子(zi)穆穆，奚取於三(san)家(jia)之(zhi)堂(tang)。’”以(yi)三(san)家(jia)无(wu)辟公助(zhu)祭，又无(wu)天(tian)子(zi)之(zhi)容，则(ze)(ze)诸侯亦不得用(yong)，惟天(tian)子(zi)得用(yong)之(zhi)，是(shi)天(tian)子(zi)之(zhi)容，则(ze)(ze)彻(che)器(qi)用(yong)彻(che)诗，故云歌《雍(yong)(yong)》也。
大飨亦如之。
[疏]“大飨亦如之”
○释曰：其大飨，飨诸侯之来(lai)朝者，彻(che)器亦歌《雍》。若诸侯自相飨，彻(che)器即歌《振(zhen)(zhen)鹭》。故(gu)《仲尼燕居》云“大飨有四焉”，云“彻(che)以《振(zhen)(zhen)羽》”，《振(zhen)(zhen)羽》当为《振(zhen)(zhen)鹭》，是其事也(ye)。
大丧，与。（从大师。
○与，音预。）
[疏]注“从大师”
○释曰(yue)：知从大(da)师者，见《大(da)师职》云“作柩谥”，此言与(yu)，谓(wei)与(yu)在中，明从大(da)师也。
凡小祭祀小乐事，鼓。（如大师。郑司农云：“，小鼓名。”）掌六乐声音之节与其和。（和，钅享于。
○和，户卧(wo)反，同。钅享，音淳(chun)(chun)，本或作淳(chun)(chun)。）
[疏]注“和钅享于”
○释曰(yue)：郑知(zhi)和是钅(jin)享于者，见(jian)《鼓人》云(yun)“金钅(jin)享和鼓”，故(gu)知(zhi)和是钅(jin)享于也。
瞽蒙掌播鼗、、、埙、箫(xiao)、管、弦、歌。（播谓发(fa)扬(yang)其音(yin)。）
[疏]“瞽蒙”至“弦歌”
○释曰：此(ci)八者(zhe)，皆小师教此(ci)瞽蒙(meng)，令於作乐之时(shi)，播扬(yang)以出(chu)声也。
讽诵诗，世奠系，鼓琴瑟。（讽诵诗，谓ウ读之，不依咏也。故书“奠”或为“帝”。郑司农云：“讽诵诗，主诵诗以剌君过，故《国语》曰‘瞍赋蒙诵’，谓诗也。杜子春云：‘帝读为定，其字为奠，书亦或为奠。世奠系，谓帝系，诸侯卿大夫世本之属是也。小史主次序先王之世，昭穆之系，述其德行。瞽蒙主诵诗，并诵世系，以戒劝人君也。故《国语》曰：“教之世，而为之昭明德而废幽昏焉，以休惧其动。”玄谓讽诵诗，主谓作柩谥时也。讽诵王治功之诗，以为谥。世之而定其系，谓书於世本也。虽不歌，犹鼓琴瑟，以播其音，美之。
○奠(dian)，音定。系，户计反(fan)，注同。剌，七赐(ci)反(fan)。瞍，素口(kou)反(fan)。行(xing)，下孟反(fan)。怵，敕律反(fan)，北(bei)本作休。）
[疏]“讽诵”至“琴瑟”
○释曰：讽诵诗，谓於王丧将葬之时，则使此瞽蒙讽诵王治功之诗，观其行以作谥，葬後当呼之。云“世奠系”者，奠，定也。谓辨其昭穆，以世之序而定其系。系，即帝系，世本是也。鼓琴瑟者，诗与世本二者，虽不歌咏，犹鼓琴瑟而合之，以美之也。
○注“讽诵”至“美之”
○释曰(yue)(yue)：按上(shang)注云(yun)(yun)(yun)“背(bei)文(wen)曰(yue)(yue)讽，以(yi)(yi)声节之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)(yue)诵(song)(song)(song)”，别释之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。此总云(yun)(yun)(yun)“ウ读(du)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)依咏(yong)”者(zhe)，语(yu)(yu)(yu)异义(yi)同(tong)(tong)。背(bei)文(wen)与(yu)以(yi)(yi)声节之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，皆是(shi)ウ读(du)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)依琴瑟(se)而(er)(er)(er)咏(yong)也(ye)(ye)。直背(bei)文(wen)ウ读(du)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)已。故(gu)虽有琴瑟(se)，犹不(bu)得为(wei)(wei)(wei)曲合乐曰(yue)(yue)歌(ge)，是(shi)以(yi)(yi)郑(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“虽不(bu)歌(ge)，犹鼓琴瑟(se)以(yi)(yi)播其(qi)(qi)音美(mei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”也(ye)(ye)。若然，诵(song)(song)(song)则以(yi)(yi)声节之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，兼(jian)琴瑟(se)则为(wei)(wei)(wei)歌(ge)矣，而(er)(er)(er)得不(bu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)歌(ge)者(zhe)，此止有讽，而(er)(er)(er)言诵(song)(song)(song)者(zhe)，讽诵(song)(song)(song)相将，连言诵(song)(song)(song)耳。先(xian)(xian)(xian)郑(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“讽诵(song)(song)(song)诗，主诵(song)(song)(song)诗以(yi)(yi)剌君(jun)过(guo)”，并引《国语(yu)(yu)(yu)》，皆是(shi)谏(jian)诤人(ren)君(jun)法度。郑(zheng)不(bu)从，而(er)(er)(er)为(wei)(wei)(wei)作柩谥时者(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)与(yu)世(shi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)连文(wen)，皆是(shi)王(wang)崩後事，不(bu)得为(wei)(wei)(wei)谏(jian)诤，是(shi)以(yi)(yi)《大师》作柩谥，此瞽蒙讽诗，事相成故(gu)也(ye)(ye)。子(zi)(zi)春(chun)与(yu)先(xian)(xian)(xian)郑(zheng)同(tong)(tong)，但兼(jian)解世(shi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)耳。帝(di)(di)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)据王(wang)，即经(jing)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)也(ye)(ye)，诸(zhu)(zhu)侯卿大夫(fu)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)世(shi)本(ben)(ben)，即经(jing)世(shi)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“小(xiao)史(shi)主次(ci)序先(xian)(xian)(xian)王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)世(shi)，昭(zhao)(zhao)穆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)”者(zhe)，《小(xiao)史(shi)职(zhi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“奠系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)世(shi)，辨昭(zhao)(zhao)穆。”故(gu)知小(xiao)史(shi)次(ci)序之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“述其(qi)(qi)德行”者(zhe)，取义(yi)於(wu)(wu)《国语(yu)(yu)(yu)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)“为(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)昭(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)德”是(shi)也(ye)(ye)。子(zi)(zi)春(chun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意，与(yu)先(xian)(xian)(xian)郑(zheng)同(tong)(tong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)谏(jian)诤之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事，後郑(zheng)亦不(bu)从也(ye)(ye)。《国语(yu)(yu)(yu)》者(zhe)，按《楚语(yu)(yu)(yu)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“庄王(wang)使士傅(fu)大子(zi)(zi)箴，辞，王(wang)卒(zu)使傅(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。问(wen)於(wu)(wu)申叔时，申叔时曰(yue)(yue)：教之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)春(chun)秋，而(er)(er)(er)为(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耸善而(er)(er)(er)抑恶焉(yan)，以(yi)(yi)戒劝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。教之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)世(shi)，而(er)(er)(er)为(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)昭(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)德而(er)(er)(er)废(fei)幽(you)昏焉(yan)，以(yi)(yi)休惧其(qi)(qi)动。”注云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“先(xian)(xian)(xian)王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)世(shi)本(ben)(ben)，使知有德者(zhe)长，无德者(zhe)短。”子(zi)(zi)春(chun)引之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)，证帝(di)(di)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、世(shi)本(ben)(ben)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事。後郑(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)定其(qi)(qi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，谓(wei)(wei)书於(wu)(wu)世(shi)本(ben)(ben)”，以(yi)(yi)世(shi)与(yu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)事用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。又对(dui)文(wen)言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，王(wang)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)帝(di)(di)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，诸(zhu)(zhu)侯卿大夫(fu)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)世(shi)本(ben)(ben)。散则通。故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)书於(wu)(wu)世(shi)本(ben)(ben)，世(shi)本(ben)(ben)即帝(di)(di)王(wang)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)也(ye)(ye)。
掌《九德》、《六诗》之(zhi)歌，以役大师。（役，为之(zhi)使。）
视了掌凡乐事播鼗，击颂磬、笙磬。（视了播鼗又击磬。磬在东方曰笙，笙，生也。在西方曰颂，颂或作庸，庸，功也。《大射礼》曰：“乐人宿县於阼阶东，笙磬西面，其南笙锺，其南，皆南陈。”又曰：“西阶之西，颂磬东面，其南锺，其南，皆南陈。”
○颂，众家不音，当依字，戚音容(rong)。）
[疏]“视了”至“笙磬”
○释曰：按《序官》，视了三百人，皆所以扶工。以其扶工之外无事，而兼使作乐，故云“掌凡乐事”，则“播鼗”已下至职末，皆是也。
○注“视了”至“南陈”
○释曰：云(yun)(yun)(yun)“视了(le)播鼗(tao)又(you)(you)击(ji)磬”者(zhe)，按小师(shi)教鼓鼗(tao)，注云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“教，教瞽(gu)蒙。”《瞽(gu)蒙》云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“掌(zhang)播鼗(tao)”，今视了(le)亦(yi)掌(zhang)播鼗(tao)，但有目，不须小师(shi)教之耳，故(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“视了(le)播鼗(tao)又(you)(you)击(ji)磬”，是(shi)视了(le)兼掌(zhang)鼗(tao)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“磬在东方(fang)(fang)谓之笙，笙，生(sheng)也(ye)。在西(xi)方(fang)(fang)曰颂(song)(song)(song)，颂(song)(song)(song)或作(zuo)(zuo)庸(yong)，庸(yong)，功(gong)也(ye)”者(zhe)，以(yi)东方(fang)(fang)是(shi)生(sheng)长之方(fang)(fang)，故(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)笙。西(xi)方(fang)(fang)是(shi)成功(gong)之方(fang)(fang)，故(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)庸(yong)，庸(yong)，功(gong)也(ye)。谓之颂(song)(song)(song)者(zhe)，颂(song)(song)(song)者(zhe)美(mei)盛德之形(xing)容(rong)，以(yi)其成功(gong)告於神明，故(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)颂(song)(song)(song)。言“或作(zuo)(zuo)庸(yong)”者(zhe)，《尚书(shu)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)“笙庸(yong)以(yi)间”，孔以(yi)庸(yong)为大锺，郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“庸(yong)即《大射》颂(song)(song)(song)，一也(ye)。”引《大射》者(zhe)，证(zheng)东方(fang)(fang)之磬为笙，西(xi)方(fang)(fang)之磬为颂(song)(song)(song)之事也(ye)。
掌大(da)师之县。（大(da)师当(dang)县则为之。）
[疏]注“大师”至“为之”
○释曰：按大(da)(da)司乐(le)有宿(su)县(xian)(xian)之事，小胥正乐(le)县(xian)(xian)之位，大(da)(da)师(shi)无县(xian)(xian)乐(le)之事。此大(da)(da)师(shi)之乐(le)者，大(da)(da)师(shi)掌六律六同、五(wu)声八音(yin)，以(yi)其(qi)无目(mu)，於(wu)音(yin)声审，本职虽不言(yan)县(xian)(xian)乐(le)器，文寄於(wu)此，明县(xian)(xian)之可知。言(yan)“当县(xian)(xian)则为之”者，以(yi)其(qi)有目(mu)故也。
凡乐事，相瞽。（相谓扶工。
○相，息亮反(fan)，注同(tong)。）
[疏]注“相谓扶工”
○释曰(yue)：能(neng)其(qi)事(shi)曰(yue)工，故(gu)乐称工，是以《仪礼(li)·乡饮(yin)酒》、《乡射》、《燕礼(li)》、《大射》皆(jie)言(yan)工。相者，以视了(le)有目，瞽人无目，须人扶持故(gu)也。
大丧，乐器，大旅亦如之。（旅，非常祭。於时(shi)乃兴(xing)造其乐器。）
[疏]注“旅非”至“乐器”
○释(shi)曰：大(da)丧(sang)，乐器，谓明器，故《檀(tan)弓》云(yun)：“木不成斫，瓦不成味(wei)，竹不成用，琴瑟张而(er)(er)不平，笙竽备(bei)而(er)(er)不和。”是沽而(er)(er)小耳，是临时乃造(zao)之(zhi)。大(da)旅(lv)非常(chang)祭，亦(yi)(yi)临时乃造(zao)，故云(yun)“亦(yi)(yi)如之(zhi)”。旅(lv)不用寻常(chang)祭器者，以(yi)其旅(lv)是非常(chang)，则其器亦(yi)(yi)如明器沽而(er)(er)小，故文承明器而(er)(er)云(yun)“亦(yi)(yi)如之(zhi)”也。
宾射，皆奏其锺鼓。（击(ji)以(yi)奏之(zhi)。其登(deng)歌，大师(shi)自奏之(zhi)。）
[疏]注“击”至“奏之”
○释曰：郑知“击(ji)以奏(zou)之(zhi)”者，见《大(da)(da)师(shi)(shi)职》云“下管(guan)令奏(zou)鼓(gu)(gu)”，以其锺鼓(gu)(gu)与(yu)管(guan)俱(ju)在下，管(guan)既击(ji)令奏(zou)，则锺鼓(gu)(gu)亦击(ji)奏(zou)之(zhi)可(ke)知。云“其登歌，大(da)(da)师(shi)(shi)自(zi)奏(zou)之(zhi)”者，《大(da)(da)师(shi)(shi)职》见大(da)(da)祭(ji)祀登歌击(ji)拊，虽(sui)不言宾射，宾射登歌，自(zi)然大(da)(da)师(shi)(shi)令奏(zou)击(ji)拊也。若然，大(da)(da)射之(zhi)时，锺鼓(gu)(gu)视了击(ji)，登歌亦大(da)(da)师(shi)(shi)自(zi)奏(zou)也。
{鼓蚤}、恺(kai)(kai)献(xian)(xian)，亦(yi)如之。（恺(kai)(kai)献(xian)(xian)，献(xian)(xian)功恺(kai)(kai)乐也(ye)。杜子春读“{鼓蚤}”为“忧戚”之戚，谓(wei)戒守鼓也(ye)。击(ji)鼓声疾数，故(gu)曰戚。）
[疏]“{鼓蚤}恺献亦如之”
○释曰：{鼓蚤(zao)}，谓夜戒守之(zhi)鼓。恺(kai)献，谓战(zhan)胜献俘之(zhi)时作恺(kai)乐，二者皆视(shi)了奏其(qi)锺鼓，故云(yun)“亦如之(zhi)”也。
典同(tong)掌六(liu)律(lv)(lv)六(liu)同(tong)之(zhi)和，以(yi)辨天(tian)(tian)地四(si)方阴(yin)阳(yang)之(zhi)声(sheng)，以(yi)为乐(le)器。（阳(yang)声(sheng)属天(tian)(tian)，阴(yin)声(sheng)属地，天(tian)(tian)地之(zhi)声(sheng)，布於四(si)方。为，作(zuo)也(ye)(ye)。故(gu)(gu)书“同(tong)”作(zuo)“铜(tong)”。郑司(si)农云：“阳(yang)律(lv)(lv)以(yi)竹为管，阴(yin)律(lv)(lv)以(yi)铜(tong)为管，竹阳(yang)也(ye)(ye)，铜(tong)阴(yin)也(ye)(ye)，各(ge)顺其性，凡十二律(lv)(lv)，故(gu)(gu)大师职(zhi)曰(yue)‘执(zhi)同(tong)律(lv)(lv)以(yi)听军(jun)声(sheng)’。”玄谓律(lv)(lv)，述气者(zhe)也(ye)(ye)。同(tong)助阳(yang)宣气，与之(zhi)同(tong)。皆以(yi)铜(tong)为。）
[疏]注“阳声”至“铜为”
○释曰(yue)(yue)：云(yun)(yun)“阳声(sheng)属(shu)(shu)天，阴(yin)(yin)声(sheng)属(shu)(shu)地(di)，天地(di)之(zhi)(zhi)声(sheng)，布於四(si)(si)(si)方(fang)”者(zhe)，此(ci)《典同(tong)(tong)》既云(yun)(yun)“掌六(liu)(liu)律(lv)六(liu)(liu)同(tong)(tong)”，即覆云(yun)(yun)“以(yi)辨天地(di)四(si)(si)(si)方(fang)阴(yin)(yin)阳之(zhi)(zhi)声(sheng)”，明天地(di)四(si)(si)(si)方(fang)阴(yin)(yin)阳之(zhi)(zhi)声(sheng)，还是(shi)六(liu)(liu)律(lv)六(liu)(liu)同(tong)(tong)也(ye)。但於十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)辰，在(zai)阳辰为(wei)律(lv)，属(shu)(shu)天。在(zai)阴(yin)(yin)辰为(wei)同(tong)(tong)，属(shu)(shu)地(di)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)律(lv)布在(zai)四(si)(si)(si)方(fang)，方(fang)有(you)三也(ye)。此(ci)即《大(da)师》所(suo)云(yun)(yun)六(liu)(liu)律(lv)左旋，六(liu)(liu)同(tong)(tong)右转，阴(yin)(yin)阳相合者(zhe)也(ye)。先郑云(yun)(yun)：“阳律(lv)以(yi)竹(zhu)为(wei)管，阴(yin)(yin)律(lv)以(yi)铜(tong)为(wei)管，竹(zhu)阳也(ye)，铜(tong)阴(yin)(yin)也(ye)，各顺其性”，并大(da)师执同(tong)(tong)，亦(yi)为(wei)铜(tong)字解(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)。後(hou)郑不从之(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)云(yun)(yun)“律(lv)，述气者(zhe)也(ye)。同(tong)(tong)，助阳宣气，与之(zhi)(zhi)同(tong)(tong)。皆以(yi)铜(tong)为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)”。郑知(zhi)义然者(zhe)，按《律(lv)历志》云(yun)(yun)：“律(lv)有(you)十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)，阳六(liu)(liu)为(wei)律(lv)，阴(yin)(yin)六(liu)(liu)为(wei)吕，有(you)三统之(zhi)(zhi)义焉。”其《传》曰(yue)(yue)：“黄帝之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)作也(ye)。黄帝使(shi)泠纶，自大(da)夏之(zhi)(zhi)西。”应劭曰(yue)(yue)：“大(da)夏，西戎之(zhi)(zhi)国也(ye)。昆仑(lun)之(zhi)(zhi)阴(yin)(yin)，取竹(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)解(jie)谷。”孟康曰(yue)(yue)：“解(jie)，脱也(ye)。谷，竹(zhu)沟(gou)也(ye)。取竹(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)脱无沟(gou)节(jie)者(zhe)也(ye)。一说昆仑(lun)之(zhi)(zhi)北，谷名也(ye)。”生其窍均厚(hou)者(zhe)，断两(liang)节(jie)间而(er)吹之(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)为(wei)黄锺之(zhi)(zhi)宫。制十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)以(yi)听凤之(zhi)(zhi)鸣(ming)，其雄(xiong)鸣(ming)为(wei)六(liu)(liu)，雌鸣(ming)亦(yi)六(liu)(liu)。此(ci)则上(shang)古用竹(zhu)。又按《律(lv)历志》云(yun)(yun)：“度(du)(du)者(zhe)，分、寸、尺(chi)(chi)、丈(zhang)、引也(ye)，所(suo)以(yi)度(du)(du)长短也(ye)。本起黄锺之(zhi)(zhi)长，一黍(shu)为(wei)一分，十(shi)(shi)(shi)分为(wei)寸，十(shi)(shi)(shi)寸为(wei)尺(chi)(chi)，十(shi)(shi)(shi)尺(chi)(chi)为(wei)丈(zhang)，十(shi)(shi)(shi)丈(zhang)为(wei)引，而(er)五度(du)(du)审矣。”其法(fa)用铜(tong)，是(shi)阳律(lv)用铜(tong)可知(zhi)，是(shi)後(hou)世(shi)用铜(tong)之(zhi)(zhi)明证也(ye)。
凡声，高声昆，正声缓，下声肆，陂声散，险声敛，达声赢，微声[A16E]，回声衍，侈声﹂，声郁，薄声甄，厚声石。（故书“昆”或作“艮”，杜子春读“昆”为“铿钅仓”之铿，高谓锺形容高也，“[A16E]”读为“ウ不明”之ウ，“﹂”读为“行扈”之，石如磬石之声。郑大夫读“昆”为衮冕之衮，“陂”读为“人短罢”之罢，“[A16E]”读为“鹑鹌”之鹌。郑司农云：“锺形下当卑。正者，不高不下。锺形上下正佣。”玄谓高，锺形大上，上大也。高则声上藏，衮然旋如里。正谓上下直正，则声缓无所动。下谓锺形大下，下大也。下则声出去放肆。陂读为险陂之陂，陂谓偏侈，陂则声离散也。险谓偏也，险则声敛不越也。达谓其形微大也，达则声有馀若大放也。微谓其形微小也。[A16E]读为飞钻涅ウ之ウ，[A16E]声小不成也。回谓其形微圜也，回则其声淫衍无鸿杀也。侈谓中央约也，侈则声迫﹂出去疾也。谓中央宽也，则声郁勃不出也。甄读为甄之甄，甄犹掉也。锺微薄则声掉，锺大厚则如石，叩之无声。
○昆，古本反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)，又胡本反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。陂(po)，彼义(yi)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。[A16E]，刘(liu)(liu)(liu)音(yin)(yin)ウ，又於瞻反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)，郑於贪反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)，戚(qi)於感反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)，李(li)乌南反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。侈，昌氏反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)，又式氏反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。﹂，侧百反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。，沈、戚(qi)音(yin)(yin)掩，刘(liu)(liu)(liu)於验反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。甄，音(yin)(yin)震，注(zhu)同。艮，音(yin)(yin)艰，又苦(ku)耕反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)，《字林》音(yin)(yin)限。铿，苦(ku)耕反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。钅仓，初衡反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)，刘(liu)(liu)(liu)初耕反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。，侧百反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。罢，皮买反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)，字或作罢，音(yin)(yin)同，桂林之(zhi)间谓人短为罢矮，矮音(yin)(yin)苦(ku)买反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。鹌，乌南反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。卑，音(yin)(yin)婢，李(li)又孚葵反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)，一音(yin)(yin)丰已反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)，或音(yin)(yin)蒲年反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。佣(yong)，敕龙反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。形(xing)(xing)大上，大音(yin)(yin)泰，下“形(xing)(xing)大下”、“大厚”同，旧(jiu)(jiu)菟佐反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。上，时掌反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。钻，张林反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)，又其(qi)廉反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)，戚(qi)或音(yin)(yin)沾(zhan)，刘(liu)(liu)(liu)又渠金反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)，《说文》云：“铿钅取也。”一曰膏车铁钻，钅取，竹涉(she)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。涅，乃(nai)结反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)，刘(liu)(liu)(liu)其(qi)兼(jian)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。杀(sha)，色(se)界反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)，旧(jiu)(jiu)色(se)例反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。约(yue)，如字，戚(qi)於教反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。掉(diao)，徒吊反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)，刘(liu)(liu)(liu)奴较(jiao)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。）
[疏]注“故书”至“无声”
○释曰：此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)十(shi)二种(zhong)，并是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)病(bing)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)职掌十(shi)二律之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)十(shi)二辰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)零(ling)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，非(fei)编者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，直言(yan)(yan)(yan)病(bing)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，欲(yu)见除此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)病(bing)外，即是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)善(shan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)病(bing)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)而(er)已(yi)。杜子(zi)春读(du)(du)(du)(du)“昆”为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“铿(keng)钅仓(cang)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)铿(keng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，读(du)(du)(du)(du)从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)《乐记(ji)》“锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)铿(keng)，铿(keng)以(yi)立号”，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)铿(keng)钅仓(cang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)铿(keng)，後(hou)(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)。又(you)读(du)(du)(du)(du)“﹂”为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“行扈(hu)(hu)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，读(du)(du)(du)(du)从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)《左(zuo)氏(shi)传(chuan)》“少以(yi)鸟(niao)名宫，有行扈(hu)(hu)”，後(hou)(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)亦不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“石(shi)(shi)如磬(qing)(qing)石(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，磬(qing)(qing)用石(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)读(du)(du)(du)(du)从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)磬(qing)(qing)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。後(hou)(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)增(zeng)成之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫读(du)(du)(du)(du)“昆”为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“衮(gun)冕(mian)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)衮(gun)，取(qu)音同，後(hou)(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。“陂”读(du)(du)(du)(du)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“人(ren)短(duan)罢(ba)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罢(ba)，从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)俗语(yu)读(du)(du)(du)(du)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，後(hou)(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)。“[A16E]”读(du)(du)(du)(du)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“鹑鹌”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鹌，读(du)(du)(du)(du)从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)《孝经纬》。後(hou)(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)亦不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)读(du)(du)(du)(du)。郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)司农云(yun)(yun)“下(xia)(xia)读(du)(du)(du)(du)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)形下(xia)(xia)当(dang)卑，後(hou)(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)。云(yun)(yun)“正者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)高(gao)(gao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)下(xia)(xia)。锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)形上(shang)(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)正佣(yong)”，後(hou)(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)增(zeng)成其(qi)(qi)(qi)义。“玄(xuan)谓(wei)(wei)高(gao)(gao)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)形大(da)(da)(da)(da)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，上(shang)(shang)(shang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。高(gao)(gao)则声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)上(shang)(shang)(shang)藏，衮(gun)然(ran)旋(xuan)(xuan)如裹(guo)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)旋(xuan)(xuan)如里，谓(wei)(wei)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)周旋(xuan)(xuan)如在里。云(yun)(yun)“正谓(wei)(wei)上(shang)(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)直正，则声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)缓无(wu)所动”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，由无(wu)鸿(hong)杀(sha)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“下(xia)(xia)谓(wei)(wei)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)形大(da)(da)(da)(da)下(xia)(xia)，下(xia)(xia)大(da)(da)(da)(da)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。下(xia)(xia)则声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)出(chu)去放肆”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，由下(xia)(xia)大(da)(da)(da)(da)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)知上(shang)(shang)(shang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)，下(xia)(xia)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)下(xia)(xia)大(da)(da)(da)(da)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)正是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)直，则上(shang)(shang)(shang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)，下(xia)(xia)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)下(xia)(xia)大(da)(da)(da)(da)可知，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)解。云(yun)(yun)“陂读(du)(du)(du)(du)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)险(xian)(xian)陂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)陂”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，读(du)(du)(du)(du)从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)《诗序(xu)》“险(xian)(xian)陂私谒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心”，陂是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)偏(pian)(pian)私之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)偏(pian)(pian)侈(chi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“险(xian)(xian)谓(wei)(wei)偏(pian)(pian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)险(xian)(xian)与陂相对(dui)(dui)，陂既(ji)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)偏(pian)(pian)侈(chi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)险(xian)(xian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)偏(pian)(pian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“达(da)(da)(da)谓(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)形微(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)物大(da)(da)(da)(da)则疏(shu)达(da)(da)(da)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)微(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)，对(dui)(dui)高(gao)(gao)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)上(shang)(shang)(shang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)达(da)(da)(da)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)微(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)，微(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)则声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)有馀，若大(da)(da)(da)(da)放也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“微(wei)(wei)(wei)谓(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)形微(wei)(wei)(wei)小(xiao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)微(wei)(wei)(wei)对(dui)(dui)达(da)(da)(da)，达(da)(da)(da)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)微(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)，则微(wei)(wei)(wei)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)微(wei)(wei)(wei)小(xiao)矣。云(yun)(yun)“[A16E]读(du)(du)(du)(du)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)飞钳(qian)涅ウ之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)ウ”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)(wei)《鬼谷子(zi)》有《飞钳(qian)》、《揣摩(mo)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇(pian)，皆言(yan)(yan)(yan)从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)横辨说之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)术。“飞钳(qian)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)察(cha)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)非(fei)语(yu)，飞而(er)钳(qian)持之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。“揣摩(mo)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，云(yun)(yun)揣人(ren)主(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情而(er)摩(mo)近之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)“[A16E]声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)小(xiao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)成也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，飞钳(qian)涅ウ，使之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)语(yu)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)[A16E]，亦是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)小(xiao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)成也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“回(hui)谓(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)形微(wei)(wei)(wei)圜也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，凡锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)依凫氏(shi)所作，若铃(ling)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)圜，令(ling)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)回(hui)而(er)微(wei)(wei)(wei)圜，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)淫衍无(wu)鸿(hong)杀(sha)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“侈(chi)谓(wei)(wei)中央约也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)非(fei)偏(pian)(pian)侈(chi)，谓(wei)(wei)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)口总(zong)(zong)宽(kuan)，则声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)迫﹂出(chu)去疾，由口宽(kuan)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“谓(wei)(wei)中央宽(kuan)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)与侈(chi)相对(dui)(dui)，侈(chi)既(ji)口总(zong)(zong)宽(kuan)，则是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)口总(zong)(zong)狭，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中央宽(kuan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“则声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)郁勃不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)出(chu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，由口笼故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“甄(zhen)(zhen)读(du)(du)(du)(du)从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)甄(zhen)(zhen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甄(zhen)(zhen)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，读(du)(du)(du)(du)从(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)《春秋(qiu)纬·甄(zhen)(zhen)度》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇(pian)名。云(yun)(yun)“甄(zhen)(zhen)犹(you)掉也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)微(wei)(wei)(wei)薄(bo)则声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)掉”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，由薄(bo)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)(da)厚(hou)(hou)则如石(shi)(shi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，按《凫氏(shi)》为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)云(yun)(yun)：“锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)已(yi)厚(hou)(hou)则石(shi)(shi)，已(yi)薄(bo)则播(bo)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)十(shi)分(fen)其(qi)(qi)(qi)鼓间，以(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)一为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)厚(hou)(hou)；小(xiao)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)十(shi)分(fen)其(qi)(qi)(qi)钲间，以(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)一为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)厚(hou)(hou)。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)厚(hou)(hou)薄(bo)得(de)中也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
凡为乐器，以十有二律为之数度，以十有二声为之齐量。（数度，广长也。齐量，侈之所容。
○齐，才计反(fan)(fan)，注同。广，古旷反(fan)(fan)。长，直亮反(fan)(fan)。）
[疏]注“数度”至“所容”
○释曰：乐器，据典同(tong)所(suo)作(zuo)，谓锺(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“以十有二(er)律(lv)为(wei)(wei)之(zhi)度(du)数(shu)”者，依(yi)《律(lv)历志》云(yun)，古之(zhi)神瞽，度(du)律(lv)均锺(zhong)(zhong)，以律(lv)计(ji)(ji)倍(bei)半。假令黄锺(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)管长九寸(cun)(cun)，倍(bei)之(zhi)为(wei)(wei)尺(chi)八寸(cun)(cun)，又九寸(cun)(cun)得四寸(cun)(cun)半，总二(er)尺(chi)二(er)寸(cun)(cun)半，以为(wei)(wei)锺(zhong)(zhong)口之(zhi)径(jing)(jing)及上(shang)下(xia)之(zhi)数(shu)。自外十二(er)辰头，皆(jie)(jie)以管长短计(ji)(ji)之(zhi)可知。故云(yun)“度(du)数(shu)，广(guang)长”也(ye)(ye)。广(guang)则(ze)(ze)口径(jing)(jing)，长则(ze)(ze)上(shang)下(xia)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“以十有二(er)声为(wei)(wei)之(zhi)齐量”者，十二(er)声则(ze)(ze)十二(er)辰零(ling)锺(zhong)(zhong)，锺(zhong)(zhong)则(ze)(ze)声也(ye)(ye)。十二(er)锺(zhong)(zhong)皆(jie)(jie)有所(suo)容多少(shao)之(zhi)齐量，故云(yun)“侈(chi)(chi)(chi)之(zhi)所(suo)容”者。上(shang)文(wen)侈(chi)(chi)(chi)虽是锺(zhong)(zhong)病，所(suo)容多少(shao)则(ze)(ze)依(yi)法，故举侈(chi)(chi)(chi)见(jian)文(wen)而言也(ye)(ye)。
凡和乐亦如之。（和谓调其故器也。）
[疏]注“和谓”至“器也”
○释曰(yue)：郑(zheng)知调(diao)故器者(zhe)，上文(wen)凡(fan)为乐(le)器，是新(xin)造(zao)者(zhe)，令更(geng)言和乐(le)，明是调(diao)故器，知声得否及器多(duo)少(shao)，当(dang)依法度也。