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仪礼注疏卷三十二 丧服第十一在线阅读

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卷三十二 丧服第十一

  適(shi)(shi)妇(fu)。適(shi)(shi)妇(fu),適(shi)(shi)子之(zhi)妻。

[疏]注“適妇適子之妻”。
  ○释曰:疏於孙(sun),故次(ci)之。其(qi)妇(fu)从(cong)夫,而服其(qi)舅(jiu)(jiu)姑期,其(qi)舅(jiu)(jiu)姑从(cong)子,而服其(qi)妇(fu)大功,降(jiang)一等者也。

传曰:何(he)以大功也?不降其適也。妇(fu)言適者(zhe),从(cong)夫(fu)名。

[疏]释曰:此传问(wen)者(zhe),以其(qi)(qi)適庶之(zhi)子(zi),其(qi)(qi)妻(qi)等(deng)是妇(fu)而(er)为(wei)(wei)庶妇(fu)小功,特为(wei)(wei)適妇(fu)服大功,故发问(wen)也(ye),答“不降其(qi)(qi)適”故也(ye)。若然(ran),父母为(wei)(wei)適长三(san)年,今(jin)为(wei)(wei)適妇(fu)不降一等(deng)服期(qi)者(zhe),长子(zi)本为(wei)(wei)正(zheng)体於(wu)上,故加至三(san)年。妇(fu)直(zhi)是適子(zi)之(zhi)妻(qi),无正(zheng)体之(zhi)义,故直(zhi)加於(wu)庶妇(fu)一等(deng),大功而(er)已。

女子子適人者为众昆弟。父(fu)在则同(tong),父(fu)没,乃为父(fu)后者服期也。

[疏]释(shi)曰:前云(yun)姑姊妹女(nv)子(zi)子(zi)出適(shi),在(zai)(zai)章(zhang)首者,情重故。至此,女(nv)子(zi)子(zi)反为昆弟(di)在(zai)(zai)此者,抑之,欲(yu)使厚於夫氏,故次(ci)在(zai)(zai)此也(ye)(ye)。为本亲,降一(yi)等是其(qi)常,故无传也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“父(fu)(fu)没乃(nai)为父(fu)(fu)后者服(fu)期也(ye)(ye)”者,《不杖章(zhang)》所(suo)云(yun)是也(ye)(ye)。

侄丈夫(fu)妇人(ren),报。为(wei)侄男女服同。

[疏]注“为侄男女服同”。
  ○释曰:侄卑於(wu)昆弟,故(gu)次(ci)之。不言(yan)(yan)(yan)男(nan)子、女(nv)(nv)子,而言(yan)(yan)(yan)丈(zhang)(zhang)夫、妇人者,姑与侄在室出(chu)嫁同以(yi)侄女(nv)(nv)言(yan)(yan)(yan)男(nan)人,见嫁出(chu),因此谓侄男(nan)为丈(zhang)(zhang)夫,亦见长(zhang)大(da)之称(cheng),是以(yi)郑(zheng)还以(yi)男(nan)女(nv)(nv)解之。

传(chuan)曰:侄(zhi)者(zhe)何也?谓吾姑者(zhe)吾谓之侄(zhi)。

[疏]释(shi)曰:云“谓(wei)吾姑(gu)者(zhe)(zhe)吾谓(wei)之侄”者(zhe)(zhe),名唯对(dui)姑(gu)生称。若(ruo)对(dui)世叔,唯得(de)言昆弟(di)之子,不得(de)侄名也。

夫之祖父(fu)母、世父(fu)母、叔父(fu)母。

[疏]释曰:以(yi)其义(yi)服,故(gu)次在(zai)此。记云为夫之兄弟降一等(deng),此皆夫之期,故(gu)妻(qi)为之大功也。

传曰:何以大(da)(da)功也(ye)(ye)(ye)?从服(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。夫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)昆弟(di)何以无服(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)?其夫属(shu)乎父道(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),妻(qi)皆母(mu)(mu)(mu)道(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。其夫属(shu)乎子道(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),妻(qi)皆妇道(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。谓弟(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妻(qi)妇者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),是嫂亦可谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)母(mu)(mu)(mu)乎?故(gu)名(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),人(ren)治之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye),可无慎(shen)乎?道(dao)犹(you)行(xing)(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)妇人(ren)弃姓,无常秩,嫁於父行(xing)(xing),则(ze)为母(mu)(mu)(mu)行(xing)(xing),嫁於子行(xing)(xing),则(ze)为妇行(xing)(xing)。谓弟(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妻(qi)为妇者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),卑远之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),故(gu)谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妇。嫂者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),尊严之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)称(cheng),是嫂亦可谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)母(mu)(mu)(mu)乎?言(yan)不可。嫂犹(you)叟也(ye)(ye)(ye),叟,老(lao)人(ren)称(cheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。是为序(xu)男女(nv)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)别尔(er)。若己以母(mu)(mu)(mu)妇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)服(fu)兄弟(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妻(qi),兄弟(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妻(qi)以舅子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)服(fu)己,则(ze)是乱昭穆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)序(xu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。治犹(you)理(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。父母(mu)(mu)(mu)兄弟(di)夫妇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li),人(ren)伦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),可不慎(shen)乎?《大(da)(da)传》曰:同(tong)姓从宗合族属(shu),异姓主名(ming)治际会。名(ming)著(zhu)而男女(nv)有别。

[疏]“传曰”至“慎乎”。
  ○释曰:问者,怪无骨肉之亲而重服大功,故致问也。答“从服也”,从夫而服,故大功也。若然,夫之祖父母、世父母为此妻著何服也。案下《緦麻章》云妇为“夫之诸祖父母报”,郑注谓“夫所服小功”者,则此夫所服期,不报限。王肃以为父为众子期,妻小功,为兄弟之子期,其妻亦小功,以其兄弟之子犹子。引而进之,进同己子,明妻同可知。“夫之昆弟何以无服”已下,总论兄弟之妻不为夫之兄弟服,夫之兄弟不为兄弟妻服之事。云“其夫属乎父道者,妻皆母道也。其夫属乎子道者,妻皆妇道也”,此二者尊卑之叙,并依昭穆相为服,即此经“为夫之世叔父母服”是也。云“谓弟之妻妇者,是嫂亦可谓之母乎”者,此二者欲论不著服之事。若著服,则相亲,近于淫乱,故不著服。推而远之,远乎淫乱,故无服也。又云“名者,人治之大者也,可无慎乎”者,欲明母之与妇本是路人,今来嫁于父子之行,则生母妇之名,既名母妇,即有服,有服则相尊敬,远于淫乱者也。是母妇之名,人理之大,可不慎乎?当慎之。若然,兄弟之妻,本无母妇之名,名兄妻为嫂者,尊严之称,名弟妻为妇,与子妻同号者,推而远之,下同子妻也。是兄弟妻既无母妇之名,今名为嫂妇者,假作此号,使远于淫乱,故不相为服也。
  ○注“道犹”至“有别”。
  ○释曰:云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“谓(wei)(wei)(wei)弟(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妻(qi)(qi)为(wei)妇(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),卑(bei)远之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),故(gu)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妇(fu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),使(shi)下同(tong)子(zi)妻(qi)(qi),则(ze)(ze)本无妇(fu)名(ming)(ming)(ming),假与子(zi)妻(qi)(qi)同(tong)远之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“嫂者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)尊严之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)称(cheng),是(shi)(shi)嫂亦可谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)乎”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此因弟(di)妻(qi)(qi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)为(wei)妇(fu),以(yi)(yi)致斯问,言不(bu)(bu)可也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“嫂犹叟(sou)(sou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),叟(sou)(sou),老(lao)人(ren)称(cheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),叟(sou)(sou)有(you)两号(hao):若孔注(zhu)《尚书》“西蜀叟(sou)(sou)”,叟(sou)(sou)是(shi)(shi)顽(wan)愚(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)恶称(cheng);若《左氏传(chuan)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“赵(zhao)叟(sou)(sou)在后”,叟(sou)(sou)是(shi)(shi)老(lao)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)善(shan)名(ming)(ming)(ming)。是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)为(wei)嫂,嫂妇(fu)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)老(lao),称(cheng)故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)老(lao)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)称(cheng)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“是(shi)(shi)为(wei)序(xu)男女之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)别(bie)(bie)尔”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)兄(xiong)妻(qi)(qi)为(wei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu),是(shi)(shi)次(ci)序(xu)昭穆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)别(bie)(bie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“若己(ji)以(yi)(yi)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)妇(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)服(fu)兄(xiong)弟(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妻(qi)(qi),兄(xiong)弟(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妻(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)舅子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)服(fu)己(ji),则(ze)(ze)是(shi)(shi)乱昭穆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)序(xu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此解不(bu)(bu)得之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意,何者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)?以(yi)(yi)弟(di)妻(qi)(qi)为(wei)妇(fu),即(ji)以(yi)(yi)兄(xiong)妻(qi)(qi)为(wei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu),而(er)(er)(er)以(yi)(yi)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)服(fu)服(fu)兄(xiong)妻(qi)(qi),又(you)以(yi)(yi)妇(fu)服(fu)服(fu)弟(di)妻(qi)(qi),又(you)使(shi)妻(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)舅服(fu)服(fu)夫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兄(xiong),又(you)使(shi)兄(xiong)妻(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)子(zi)服(fu)服(fu)己(ji)夫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弟(di),则(ze)(ze)兄(xiong)弟(di)反为(wei)父(fu)子(zi),乱昭穆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)次(ci)序(xu),故(gu)不(bu)(bu)得以(yi)(yi)兄(xiong)妻(qi)(qi)为(wei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)圣人(ren)深(shen)塞乱源,使(shi)兄(xiong)弟(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妻(qi)(qi)本无母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)妇(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming),不(bu)(bu)相(xiang)为(wei)服(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。引《大传(chuan)》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“同(tong)姓从(cong)宗合族(zu)属”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)(wei)(wei)大宗子(zi)同(tong)是(shi)(shi)正(zheng)姓,姬姜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类属聚也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),合聚族(zu)人(ren)於宗子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)家,在堂上行食(shi)燕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li),即(ji)系之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)姓而(er)(er)(er)弗(fu)别(bie)(bie),缀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)食(shi)而(er)(er)(er)弗(fu)殊是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。又(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“异姓主名(ming)(ming)(ming)治(zhi)际会(hui)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),主名(ming)(ming)(ming)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)与妇(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)。治(zhi),正(zheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。际,接(jie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)妇(fu)正(zheng)接(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)会(hui)聚,则(ze)(ze)宗子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妻(qi)(qi)食(shi)燕族(zu)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妇(fu)於房(fang)是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“名(ming)(ming)(ming)著而(er)(er)(er)男女有(you)别(bie)(bie)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)(wei)(wei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)妇(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)明(ming)著,则(ze)(ze)男女各有(you)分别(bie)(bie)而(er)(er)(er)无淫乱也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

大夫(fu)为世父母、叔父母、子(zi)、昆弟、昆弟之子(zi)为士者。子(zi),谓庶子(zi)。

[疏]注“子谓庶子”。
  ○释曰:大(da)夫为此八者(zhe)本(ben)期,今以为士,故(gu)降至(zhi)大(da)功(gong),亦(yi)为重出此文,故(gu)次在此也。云“子谓(wei)庶子”者(zhe),若长子在《斩(zhan)章》,故(gu)谓(wei)庶子也。

传曰:何以大功也(ye)?尊不(bu)同(tong)(tong)也(ye)。尊同(tong)(tong),则得服其亲(qin)服。尊同(tong)(tong),谓亦为大夫者。亲(qin)服,期。

[疏]注“尊同”至“服期”。
  ○释(shi)曰:尊(zun)同谓亦为(wei)大夫(fu)者(zhe),经言大夫(fu)为(wei)之,明尊(zun)同,是亦为(wei)大夫(fu)也。云“亲服期”者(zhe),此八(ba)者(zhe)并见(jian)《期章》是也。

公之(zhi)庶昆(kun)弟(di)、大夫(fu)之(zhi)庶子(zi)(zi)为母、妻、昆(kun)弟(di)。公之(zhi)庶昆(kun)弟(di),则(ze)父卒(zu)也。大夫(fu)之(zhi)庶子(zi)(zi),则(ze)父在也。其或为母,谓(wei)妾子(zi)(zi)也。

[疏]释曰:云“公之庶昆弟大夫之庶子”者,此二人各自为母、妻,为昆弟服大功。此并受厌降,卑於自降,故次在自降人之下。
  ○注“公之”至“子也”。
  ○释(shi)曰:若云公子,是父(fu)(fu)在(zai)。今(jin)继(ji)兄而言昆(kun)弟,故(gu)(gu)知(zhi)父(fu)(fu)卒也(ye)。又(you)公子父(fu)(fu)在(zai)为母(mu)、妻(qi)(qi),在(zai)五(wu)服(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)外,今(jin)服(fu)大(da)功,故(gu)(gu)知(zhi)父(fu)(fu)卒也(ye)。云“大(da)夫(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)庶(shu)子则父(fu)(fu)在(zai)也(ye)”者,以(yi)其(qi)继(ji)父(fu)(fu)而言。又(you)大(da)夫(fu)卒,子为母(mu)、妻(qi)(qi)得(de)(de)伸(shen),今(jin)但(dan)大(da)功,故(gu)(gu)知(zhi)父(fu)(fu)在(zai)也(ye)。云“其(qi)或为母(mu),谓妾子也(ye)”者,以(yi)其(qi)为妻(qi)(qi)、昆(kun)弟,其(qi)礼并同,又(you)於適(shi)妻(qi)(qi),皆(jie)大(da)夫(fu)自不降,其(qi)子皆(jie)得(de)(de)伸(shen),今(jin)在(zai)大(da)功,明妾子自为己母(mu)也(ye)。

传曰:何以(yi)大功也(ye)(ye)?先(xian)君(jun)馀尊之(zhi)所厌(yan),不得过大功也(ye)(ye)。大夫之(zhi)庶(shu)子,则(ze)从(cong)乎大夫而(er)(er)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)也(ye)(ye)。父之(zhi)所不降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang),子亦不敢降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)也(ye)(ye)。言从(cong)乎大夫而(er)(er)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang),则(ze)於父卒如国(guo)人也(ye)(ye)。昆(kun)弟(di),庶(shu)昆(kun)弟(di)也(ye)(ye)。旧读昆(kun)弟(di)在(zai)下,其於厌(yan)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)之(zhi)义,宜蒙此传也(ye)(ye),是以(yi)上而(er)(er)同(tong)之(zhi)。父所不降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang),谓適也(ye)(ye)。

[疏]“传曰”至“降也”。
  ○释曰:问者,怪此等皆合重服期,今大功,故发问也。答云“先君馀尊之所厌不得过大功也”者,此直答公之庶昆弟,以其公在为母、妻厌,在五服外,公卒犹为馀尊之所厌,不得过大功。其大夫之子,据父在有厌,从於大夫,降一等,大夫若卒,则得伸,无馀尊之厌也。云“父之所不降,子亦不敢降也”者,此传云而降,遂言不降者也,此传虽文承大夫下,亦兼解公之昆弟,未悉公为何人。不降弟,公不降,子亦不降,与大夫同也。
  ○注“言从”至“適也”。
  ○释曰:以(yi)大夫(fu)(fu)尊(zun),少身在(zai)降(jiang)一(yi)等(deng)(deng),身没(mei)其庶(shu)(shu)子(zi)(zi)则得伸(shen),如(ru)国人也。云(yun)(yun)“昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟,庶(shu)(shu)昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟也”者(zhe)(zhe),若適(shi)(shi),则在(zai)父之(zhi)所(suo)(suo)不降(jiang)之(zhi)中(zhong),故知庶(shu)(shu)昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟也。云(yun)(yun)“旧读昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟在(zai)下(xia),其於厌(yan)降(jiang)之(zhi)义,宜蒙(meng)此传(chuan)也,是以(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)而同之(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe),言旧读,谓郑(zheng)君以(yi)前(qian)马融之(zhi)等(deng)(deng),以(yi)“昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟”二字(zi)抽之(zhi)在(zai)传(chuan)下(xia),今(jin)皆易之(zhi)在(zai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)。郑(zheng)检经义,昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟乃是公之(zhi)庶(shu)(shu)昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟,大夫(fu)(fu)之(zhi)庶(shu)(shu)子(zi)(zi)所(suo)(suo)为者(zhe)(zhe),父以(yi)尊(zun)降(jiang)庶(shu)(shu)子(zi)(zi),则庶(shu)(shu)子(zi)(zi)亦厌(yan)而为昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟大功。是知宜蒙(meng)此传(chuan),则昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟二字(zi)当在(zai)传(chuan)上(shang)(shang)(shang),与母妻宜蒙(meng)此传(chuan),同为厌(yan)降(jiang)之(zhi)文,不得如(ru)旧读也。云(yun)(yun)“父所(suo)(suo)不降(jiang)谓適(shi)(shi)也”者(zhe)(zhe),不指(zhi)不降(jiang)之(zhi)人,而云(yun)(yun)谓適(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe),欲(yu)见適(shi)(shi)中(zhong)非一(yi),谓父为適(shi)(shi)妻、適(shi)(shi)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)等(deng)(deng)皆是也。

皆(jie)为(wei)(wei)其(qi)从(cong)父昆弟(di)之(zhi)为(wei)(wei)大夫(fu)者。皆(jie)者,言其(qi)互相为(wei)(wei)服(fu),尊同则(ze)不相降(jiang)。其(qi)为(wei)(wei)士者,降(jiang)在小功,適子为(wei)(wei)之(zhi),亦如(ru)之(zhi)。

[疏]注“皆者”至“如之”。
  ○释曰:此(ci)文承上公之庶昆(kun)弟,大夫之庶子(zi)之下,则是上二(er)人为(wei)(wei)此(ci)从父(fu)昆(kun)弟之为(wei)(wei)大夫者,以(yi)(yi)其二(er)人为(wei)(wei)父(fu)所厌(yan)降亲,今此(ci)从父(fu)昆(kun)弟为(wei)(wei)大夫,故(gu)此(ci)二(er)人不降,而(er)服大功,依本服也(ye)。言“皆”者,郑(zheng)云“互相为(wei)(wei)服”者,以(yi)(yi)彼(bi)此(ci)相为(wei)(wei)同(tong),是从父(fu)昆(kun)弟相为(wei)(wei)著服,故(gu)云皆,互相见之义故(gu)也(ye)。云“其为(wei)(wei)士者降在小功”者,降亦等故(gu)也(ye)。云“適(shi)子(zi)为(wei)(wei)之亦如之”者,虽適(shi)不降,同(tong)故(gu)也(ye)。

为夫(fu)之昆(kun)弟之妇人子適人者(zhe)。妇人子者(zhe),女(nv)子子也。不言女(nv)子子者(zhe),因出,见恩疏。

[疏]注“妇人”至“恩疏”。
  ○释曰:此亦(yi)重(zhong)出,故次从父(fu)昆(kun)弟下。此谓(wei)世叔母为之服,在(zai)(zai)家期,出嫁大功。云“不言女(nv)(nv)子子者,因出,见(jian)恩疏”者,女(nv)(nv)在(zai)(zai)家室之名,是亲(qin)也,妇者事人之称(cheng),是见(jian)疏也。今不言女(nv)(nv)与母,而言夫之昆(kun)弟与妇人子者,是因出,见(jian)恩疏故也。

大夫之(zhi)妾(qie)为君之(zhi)庶子。下传曰:“何以大功也(ye)?妾(qie)为君之(zhi)党服,得与(yu)女君同(tong)。”指(zhi)为此(ci)也(ye)。妾(qie)为君之(zhi)长子亦(yi)三年,自为其子期(qi),异於女君也(ye)。士之(zhi)妾(qie),为君之(zhi)众(zhong)子亦(yi)期(qi)。

[疏]注“下传”至“亦期”。
  ○释曰:妾(qie)为(wei)君(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)庶(shu)子(zi),轻於为(wei)夫(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)昆(kun)弟之(zhi)(zhi)女(nv)(nv),故(gu)次之(zhi)(zhi)。引(yin)下(xia)传曰“何以(yi)大功也?妾(qie)为(wei)君(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)党服(fu)(fu)得与(yu)女(nv)(nv)君(jun)(jun)同,指为(wei)此也”者,彼传为(wei)此经而作(zuo),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)指为(wei)此。在(zai)下(xia)者,郑(zheng)彼云(yun)(yun)文(wen)烂(lan)在(zai)下(xia)尔故(gu)也。云(yun)(yun)“妾(qie)为(wei)君(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)长子(zi)亦三年”者,妾(qie)从(cong)女(nv)(nv)君(jun)(jun)服(fu)(fu),得与(yu)女(nv)(nv)君(jun)(jun)同,故(gu)亦同女(nv)(nv)君(jun)(jun)三年。又(you)云(yun)(yun)“自为(wei)其子(zi)期(qi),异於女(nv)(nv)君(jun)(jun)也”者,以(yi)其女(nv)(nv)君(jun)(jun)从(cong)夫(fu)降,其庶(shu)子(zi)大功,夫(fu)不(bu)厌妾(qie),故(gu)自服(fu)(fu)其子(zi)期(qi),是异於女(nv)(nv)君(jun)(jun)也。云(yun)(yun)“士(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)妾(qie)为(wei)君(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)众子(zi)亦期(qi)”,谓亦得与(yu)女(nv)(nv)君(jun)(jun)期(qi)者,亦是与(yu)己子(zi)同故(gu)也。

女子子嫁(jia)(jia)者、未(wei)嫁(jia)(jia)者为世父母、叔父母、姑(gu)、姊妹。旧(jiu)读合(he)大(da)夫之妾为君之庶子、女子子嫁(jia)(jia)者、未(wei)嫁(jia)(jia)者,言大(da)夫之妾为此三人之服也。

[疏]注“旧读”至“服也”。
  ○释曰(yue):此(ci)是女(nv)子子逆降(jiang)旁亲,又是重出(chu),故(gu)(gu)次之(zhi)(zhi)於此(ci)。知逆降(jiang)者(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)经云(yun)嫁(jia)者(zhe)(zhe)为世父(fu)已(yi)下(xia)(xia)出(chu)降(jiang)大(da)(da)功,自是常法。更言未(wei)(wei)嫁(jia)者(zhe)(zhe),亦为世父(fu)已(yi)下(xia)(xia),非(fei)未(wei)(wei)嫁(jia)逆降(jiang),如何(he)?云(yun)“旧(jiu)读合大(da)(da)夫(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)妾为君之(zhi)(zhi)庶子、女(nv)子子嫁(jia)者(zhe)(zhe)未(wei)(wei)嫁(jia)者(zhe)(zhe),言大(da)(da)夫(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)妾为此(ci)三人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)服也”者(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)马融之(zhi)(zhi)辈旧(jiu)读如此(ci),郑以(yi)此(ci)为非(fei),故(gu)(gu)此(ci)下(xia)(xia)注破(po)之(zhi)(zhi)也。

传(chuan)曰:嫁(jia)(jia)者(zhe),其(qi)嫁(jia)(jia)於大(da)夫者(zhe)也(ye)。未(wei)嫁(jia)(jia)者(zhe),成(cheng)人而(er)未(wei)嫁(jia)(jia)者(zhe)也(ye)。何以大(da)功也(ye)?妾(qie)为(wei)君(jun)(jun)之(zhi)党(dang)服,得与(yu)(yu)女君(jun)(jun)同(tong)。下言(yan)(yan)为(wei)世(shi)父(fu)母、叔父(fu)母、姑、姊妹者(zhe),谓妾(qie)自服其(qi)私亲(qin)也(ye)。此(ci)不(bu)辞,即实(shi)为(wei)妾(qie)遂自服其(qi)私亲(qin),当(dang)言(yan)(yan)其(qi)以明(ming)之(zhi)。《齐(qi)衰(shuai)三月章》曰:“女子(zi)子(zi)嫁(jia)(jia)者(zhe)、未(wei)嫁(jia)(jia)者(zhe)为(wei)曾祖父(fu)母。”经与(yu)(yu)此(ci)同(tong),足以明(ming)之(zhi)矣。传(chuan)所云(yun)“何以大(da)功也(ye)?妾(qie)为(wei)君(jun)(jun)之(zhi)党(dang)服得与(yu)(yu)女君(jun)(jun)同(tong)”,文烂在下尔。女子(zi)子(zi)成(cheng)人者(zhe),有出(chu)道(dao),降旁亲(qin),及(ji)将出(chu)者(zhe),明(ming)当(dang)及(ji)时(shi)也(ye)。

[疏]释曰:云(yun)(yun)(yun)“嫁(jia)(jia)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),其(qi)(qi)(qi)嫁(jia)(jia)於大夫者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)。未嫁(jia)(jia)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),成人(ren)(ren)(ren)而未嫁(jia)(jia)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)”,此(ci)(ci)二(er)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),依郑(zheng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)世(shi)(shi)父(fu)巳下(xia)(xia)七人(ren)(ren)(ren)本服皆(jie)期,未嫁(jia)(jia)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)逆降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),服大功也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“何以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)大功也(ye)(ye),妾(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)党服得(de)与女(nv)君(jun)(jun)同”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)(ci)传(chuan)当(dang)在上(shang),“大夫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妾(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庶子(zi)(zi)(zi)”下(xia)(xia),烂脱,误在此(ci)(ci)。但“下(xia)(xia)言”二(er)字及(ji)(ji)(ji)“者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)谓妾(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)自服其(qi)(qi)(qi)私(si)(si)亲也(ye)(ye)”九字总十一字,既(ji)非(fei)子(zi)(zi)(zi)夏自著(zhu),又非(fei)旧(jiu)(jiu)读(du)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)自安,是(shi)(shi)(shi)谁置之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)?今以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)义(yi),必是(shi)(shi)(shi)郑(zheng)君(jun)(jun)置之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。郑(zheng)君(jun)(jun)欲分(fen)别旧(jiu)(jiu)读(du)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),如此(ci)(ci)意趣,然后(hou)(hou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)注破之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“此(ci)(ci)不(bu)辞”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓此(ci)(ci)分(fen)别文(wen)句,不(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)解(jie)义(yi)言辞也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“即实为(wei)(wei)(wei)妾(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)遂(sui)自服其(qi)(qi)(qi)私(si)(si)亲,当(dang)言其(qi)(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)(ci)郑(zheng)欲就旧(jiu)(jiu)章(zhang)读(du)破之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。案《不(bu)杖期章(zhang)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)“女(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)適人(ren)(ren)(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),为(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)父(fu)母昆(kun)弟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)父(fu)后(hou)(hou)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)”也(ye)(ye),又云(yun)(yun)(yun)“公(gong)妾(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)士(shi)妾(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)父(fu)母自为(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)亲”,皆(jie)言其(qi)(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)明妾(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)私(si)(si)亲。今此(ci)(ci)不(bu)言,其(qi)(qi)(qi)明非(fei)妾(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)私(si)(si)亲,一人(ren)(ren)(ren)逆降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang),一人(ren)(ren)(ren)合降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang),不(bu)得(de)合云(yun)(yun)(yun)二(er)人(ren)(ren)(ren),是(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)人(ren)(ren)(ren)为(wei)(wei)(wei)此(ci)(ci)七人(ren)(ren)(ren)等逆降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。又引《齐衰三(san)月(yue)(yue)章(zhang)》曰“女(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)嫁(jia)(jia)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)未嫁(jia)(jia)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)曾祖(zu)父(fu)母,经与此(ci)(ci)同,足以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)见(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣(yi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),彼(bi)二(er)人(ren)(ren)(ren)为(wei)(wei)(wei)曾祖(zu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)正尊,虽出嫁(jia)(jia),亦(yi)不(bu)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。此(ci)(ci)则为(wei)(wei)(wei)旁亲,虽未嫁(jia)(jia),亦(yi)逆降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。圣人(ren)(ren)(ren)作文(wen),是(shi)(shi)(shi)同足以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)明之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),明是(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)人(ren)(ren)(ren)为(wei)(wei)(wei)此(ci)(ci)七人(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)得(de)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)嫁(jia)(jia)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)、未嫁(jia)(jia)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)上(shang)同君(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庶子(zi)(zi)(zi)。下(xia)(xia)文(wen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)世(shi)(shi)父(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia),为(wei)(wei)(wei)妾(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)自服私(si)(si)亲也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“传(chuan)所云(yun)(yun)(yun)何以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)大功也(ye)(ye),妾(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)党服得(de)与女(nv)君(jun)(jun)同,文(wen)烂在下(xia)(xia)尔”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)(ci)传(chuan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)大夫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妾(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庶子(zi)(zi)(zi)而发,应在“女(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang),“君(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庶子(zi)(zi)(zi)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)简札韦编(bian)烂断,后(hou)(hou)人(ren)(ren)(ren)错置於下(xia)(xia),是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)旧(jiu)(jiu)读(du)将为(wei)(wei)(wei)本在於此(ci)(ci),是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)遂(sui)误也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“女(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)成人(ren)(ren)(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),有(you)出道(dao),降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)旁亲”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)(ci)郑(zheng)依经正解(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)嫁(jia)(jia)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)旁亲是(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)常(chang),而云(yun)(yun)(yun)未嫁(jia)(jia)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),成人(ren)(ren)(ren)未嫁(jia)(jia),亦(yi)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)旁亲者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓女(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)十五已后(hou)(hou)许(xu)嫁(jia)(jia)笄,为(wei)(wei)(wei)成人(ren)(ren)(ren),有(you)出嫁(jia)(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao),是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)虽未出,即逆降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)世(shi)(shi)父(fu)已下(xia)(xia)旁亲也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“及(ji)(ji)(ji)将出者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),明当(dang)及(ji)(ji)(ji)时(shi)也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓女(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)年(nian)十九,后(hou)(hou)年(nian)二(er)月(yue)(yue),冠于(yu)娶妻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)月(yue)(yue),其(qi)(qi)(qi)女(nv)当(dang)嫁(jia)(jia),今年(nian)遭此(ci)(ci)世(shi)(shi)父(fu)已下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧,若依本服期者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),过后(hou)(hou)二(er)月(yue)(yue),不(bu)得(de)及(ji)(ji)(ji)时(shi)逆降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)在大功,大功之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)末可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)嫁(jia)(jia)子(zi)(zi)(zi),则於二(er)月(yue)(yue)得(de)及(ji)(ji)(ji)时(shi)而嫁(jia)(jia),是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)明当(dang)及(ji)(ji)(ji)时(shi)也(ye)(ye)。

大(da)夫(fu)(fu)、大(da)夫(fu)(fu)之妻(qi)、大(da)夫(fu)(fu)之子、公之昆弟为姑(gu)(gu)、姊(zi)妹、女(nv)子子嫁(jia)於(wu)(wu)大(da)夫(fu)(fu)者(zhe)。君为姑(gu)(gu)、姊(zi)妹、女(nv)子子嫁(jia)於(wu)(wu)国君者(zhe)。

[疏]释曰:此等(deng)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)姊(zi)(zi)已(yi)下(xia),应(ying)降(jiang)而不降(jiang),又兼重出其文,故(gu)次(ci)在(zai)此也。此大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)、大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)妻、大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)、公之(zhi)(zhi)昆弟,四等(deng)人尊卑同,皆降(jiang)旁(pang)亲。姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)姊(zi)(zi)已(yi)下(xia)一等(deng),大(da)(da)(da)功(gong)(gong),又以出降(jiang),当小(xiao)功(gong)(gong)。但嫁於大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu),尊同,无(wu)尊降(jiang),直有出降(jiang),故(gu)皆大(da)(da)(da)功(gong)(gong)也。但大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)妻为(wei)(wei)(wei)命妇,若夫(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、姊(zi)(zi)妹在(zai)室及嫁,皆小(xiao)功(gong)(gong)。若不为(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)妻,又降(jiang)在(zai)緦麻。假令彼姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、姊(zi)(zi)妹亦为(wei)(wei)(wei)命妇,唯小(xiao)功(gong)(gong)耳。今得在(zai)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)科中(zhong)者(zhe)(zhe),此谓命妇为(wei)(wei)(wei)本(ben)亲,姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)姊(zi)(zi)妹已(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)女(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)子(zi)(zi)(zi),因大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu),大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)姊(zi)(zi)妹女(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)子(zi)(zi)(zi),寄(ji)文於夫(fu)(fu)与(yu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)姊(zi)(zi)妹之(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong),不烦别见(jian)也。云“君为(wei)(wei)(wei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)姊(zi)(zi)妹女(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)嫁於国(guo)君者(zhe)(zhe)”,国(guo)君绝期已(yi)下(xia),今为(wei)(wei)(wei)尊同,故(gu)亦不降(jiang),依(yi)嫁服大(da)(da)(da)功(gong)(gong)。

传曰:何以(yi)大功也(ye)(ye)(ye)?尊同也(ye)(ye)(ye)。尊同则(ze)得服(fu)(fu)其(qi)亲(qin)服(fu)(fu)。诸(zhu)侯之(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)称(cheng)公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi),公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)得祢(mi)先君(jun)。公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)称(cheng)公(gong)(gong)孙(sun),公(gong)(gong)孙(sun)不(bu)(bu)得祖(zu)(zu)诸(zhu)侯。此自(zi)卑别於(wu)尊者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。若公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)孙(sun)有封(feng)为国君(jun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),则(ze)世(shi)(shi)(shi)世(shi)(shi)(shi)祖(zu)(zu)是(shi)人也(ye)(ye)(ye),不(bu)(bu)祖(zu)(zu)公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi),此自(zi)尊别於(wu)卑者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。是(shi)故(gu)始封(feng)之(zhi)君(jun)不(bu)(bu)臣(chen)诸(zhu)父昆弟,封(feng)君(jun)之(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)臣(chen)诸(zhu)父而臣(chen)昆弟。封(feng)君(jun)之(zhi)孙(sun)尽臣(chen)诸(zhu)父昆弟。故(gu)君(jun)之(zhi)所为服(fu)(fu),子(zi)(zi)(zi)亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)敢不(bu)(bu)服(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。君(jun)之(zhi)所不(bu)(bu)服(fu)(fu),子(zi)(zi)(zi)亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)敢服(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。不(bu)(bu)得祢(mi)、不(bu)(bu)得祖(zu)(zu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),不(bu)(bu)得立(li)其(qi)庙而祭之(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。卿大夫以(yi)下(xia)(xia),祭其(qi)祖(zu)(zu)祢(mi),则(ze)世(shi)(shi)(shi)世(shi)(shi)(shi)祖(zu)(zu)是(shi)人,不(bu)(bu)得祖(zu)(zu)公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),后世(shi)(shi)(shi)为君(jun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),祖(zu)(zu)此受(shou)封(feng)之(zhi)君(jun),不(bu)(bu)得祀别子(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)若在高祖(zu)(zu)以(yi)下(xia)(xia),则(ze)如其(qi)亲(qin)服(fu)(fu),后世(shi)(shi)(shi)迁之(zhi),乃毁其(qi)庙尔。因国君(jun)以(yi)尊降其(qi)亲(qin),故(gu)终说(shuo)此义(yi)云(yun)。

[疏]“传曰”至“不敢服也”。
  ○释曰:云“何以大功也”,问者,以诸侯绝旁服,则大夫降一等,今此大功,故发问也。答曰云“尊同也,尊同则得服其亲服”者,大夫与诸侯所以亦为服者,各自以为尊同,故服之也。若然,大夫之下则云命妇、大夫之子,国君之下不云夫人,世子亦同国君,不降可知。云“诸侯之子称公子”已下,因尊同,遂广说尊不同之义也。但诸侯之子,適適相承象贤,而旁支庶已下,并为诸侯,所绝不得称诸侯子,变名公子。案《檀弓》注云:“庶子言公,卑远之。”是以子与孙皆言公,见疏远之义故也。云“此自卑别於尊者也”者,谓適既立庙,支庶子孙不立庙,是自卑别於尊者也。云“若公子之子孙有封为国君者”,谓若《周礼·典命》云公八命,卿六命,大夫四命,其出封皆如一等。是公之子孙,或为天子臣,出封为五等诸侯,是公子有封为国君之事。云“则世世祖是人也,不祖公子,此自尊别於卑者也”者,谓后世将此始封之君,世世祖是人也,不祖公子,谓不复祀别子也。云“是故始封之君不臣诸父昆弟”者,以其初升为君,诸父是祖之一体,又是父之一体,其昆弟既是父之一体,又是己之一体,故不臣此二者,仍为之著服也。云“封君之子不臣诸父而臣昆弟”者,以其诸父尊,故未得臣,仍为之服。昆弟卑,故臣之不为之服,亦既不臣,当服本服期。其不臣者,为君所服当服斩,以其与诸侯为兄弟者,虽在外国,犹为君斩,不敢以轻服服至尊。明诸父昆弟虽不臣,亦不得以轻服服君,为之斩衰可知。云“封君之孙尽臣诸父昆弟”者,继世至孙,渐为贵重,故尽臣之。不言不降,而言不臣,君是绝宗之人,亲疏皆有臣道,故虽未臣,子孙终是为臣,故以臣言之。云“故君之所为服,子亦不敢不服也”者,此欲释臣与不臣,君之子与君同之义。云“君之所为服”者,谓君之所不臣者,君为之服者,子亦服之,故云“子亦不敢不服也”。云君之所不服子亦不敢服也者,然此谓君所臣之者,君不为之服,子亦不敢服之,以其子从父升降故也。
  ○注“不得”至“义云”。
  ○释曰:云(yun)(yun)(yun)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祢(mi)(mi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)立(li)其(qi)(qi)(qi)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)而(er)(er)祭(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),郑恐人以(yi)(yi)(yi)传云(yun)(yun)(yun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祢(mi)(mi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu),令卑(bei)别(bie)(bie)(bie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)将为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)祢(mi)(mi)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)立(li)其(qi)(qi)(qi)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)而(er)(er)祭(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),名(ming)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)已在,適子(zi)(zi)(zi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)(jun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)立(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),旁支庶不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)并立(li)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)卿(qing)大(da)夫以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)祭(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)祢(mi)(mi),郑言此(ci)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),欲(yu)见(jian)公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)、公(gong)(gong)孙(sun)若(ruo)(ruo)立(li)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)卿(qing)大(da)夫,得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)立(li)三庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao);若(ruo)(ruo)作(zuo)上(shang)士(shi),得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)立(li)二庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao);若(ruo)(ruo)作(zuo)中士(shi),得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)立(li)一庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),并得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祭(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)祢(mi)(mi)。既不(bu)(bu)(bu)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)祢(mi)(mi)先君(jun)(jun),当立(li)别(bie)(bie)(bie)子(zi)(zi)(zi)已下(xia),以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)、公(gong)(gong)孙(sun)并是(shi)(shi)别(bie)(bie)(bie)子(zi)(zi)(zi),若(ruo)(ruo)鲁(lu)桓公(gong)(gong)生世(shi)(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)名(ming)同者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),后(hou)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)(jun)庆父(fu)(fu),叔牙(ya)、季友等谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi),公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)并为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)别(bie)(bie)(bie)子(zi)(zi)(zi),不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祢(mi)(mi)先君(jun)(jun)桓公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),庆父(fu)(fu)等虽(sui)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)卿(qing)大(da)夫,未有(you)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。至(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)孙(sun)已后(hou),乃(nai)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)立(li)别(bie)(bie)(bie)子(zi)(zi)(zi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu),不(bu)(bu)(bu)毁(hui)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。已下(xia)二庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)祢(mi)(mi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外,次(ci)第则(ze)(ze)迁(qian)(qian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“卿(qing)大(da)夫巳下(xia)祭(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)祢(mi)(mi)”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。虽(sui)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祭(ji)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)祢(mi)(mi),但(dan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祢(mi)(mi)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)先君(jun)(jun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“则(ze)(ze)世(shi)(shi)世(shi)(shi)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)是(shi)(shi)人,不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)谓(wei)郑叠传文也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“后(hou)世(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)(jun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)此(ci)受(shou)封(feng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)(jun),不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祀(si)别(bie)(bie)(bie)子(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)郑解(jie)义(yi)语,以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)后(hou)世(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)(jun),祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)此(ci)受(shou)封(feng)君(jun)(jun),解(jie)世(shi)(shi)世(shi)(shi)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)是(shi)(shi)人,不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祀(si)别(bie)(bie)(bie)子(zi)(zi)(zi)。解(jie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)别(bie)(bie)(bie)子(zi)(zi)(zi)卑(bei),始(shi)封(feng)君(jun)(jun)尊,是(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)自尊别(bie)(bie)(bie)於卑(bei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)若(ruo)(ruo)在高祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia),则(ze)(ze)如其(qi)(qi)(qi)亲(qin)(qin)服”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)解(jie)始(shi)封(feng)君(jun)(jun)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)立(li)五庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),五庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),大(da)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)与高祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)巳下(xia)四庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。今始(shi)封(feng)君(jun)(jun),后(hou)世(shi)(shi)乃(nai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)毁(hui)其(qi)(qi)(qi)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)於此(ci)。始(shi)封(feng)君(jun)(jun)未有(you)大(da)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),唯有(you)高祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)四庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),则(ze)(ze)公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)别(bie)(bie)(bie)子(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)入四庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)限,故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)若(ruo)(ruo)在高祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)则(ze)(ze)如其(qi)(qi)(qi)亲(qin)(qin)。如其(qi)(qi)(qi)亲(qin)(qin),谓(wei)自祢(mi)(mi)已上(shang),至(zhi)(zhi)高祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)立(li)四庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“后(hou)世(shi)(shi)迁(qian)(qian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),乃(nai)毁(hui)其(qi)(qi)(qi)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)尔(er)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)始(shi)封(feng)君(jun)(jun)死,其(qi)(qi)(qi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)立(li),即以(yi)(yi)(yi)父(fu)(fu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)祢(mi)(mi)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),前(qian)高祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)高祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)父(fu)(fu),当迁(qian)(qian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),又至(zhi)(zhi)四世(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),始(shi)封(feng)君(jun)(jun)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)高祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu),父(fu)(fu)当迁(qian)(qian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时,转为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu),通四庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)五庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),定制也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)后(hou)世(shi)(shi)迁(qian)(qian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),乃(nai)毁(hui)其(qi)(qi)(qi)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“因国君(jun)(jun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)尊降其(qi)(qi)(qi)亲(qin)(qin),故(gu)终说此(ci)义(yi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),自诸(zhu)臣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)已下(xia),既非(fei)经语,而(er)(er)传汎说降与公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)终说也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

繐衰(shuai)裳(shang)、牡麻绖,既葬(zang)除之(zhi)者。

[疏]释曰(yue):此(ci)繐(hui)衰(shuai)是诸侯之(zhi)臣为天子(zi),在大(da)功(gong)下,小(xiao)功(gong)上者,以其天子(zi)七月葬,既葬除,故在大(da)功(gong)九月下,小(xiao)功(gong)五(wu)月上。又缕虽如小(xiao)功(gong)升数,又少,故在小(xiao)功(gong)上也。此(ci)不言(yan)带屦者,以其传云“小(xiao)功(gong)之(zhi)繐(hui)也”,则带屦亦同小(xiao)功(gong)可知。

传曰:繐(hui)衰(shuai)者何?以小功(gong)之繐(hui)也。治其缕如小功(gong),而成(cheng)布(bu)尊(zun)四升(sheng)半。细其缕者,以恩轻也。升(sheng)数(shu)少者,以服(fu)至也。凡布(bu)细而疏者谓(wei)之繐(hui),今(jin)南阳有邓繐(hui)。

[疏]注“治其”至“邓繐”。
  ○释曰(yue):传问(wen)(wen)(wen)者,正问(wen)(wen)(wen)缕(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)粗(cu)细(xi),不问(wen)(wen)(wen)升(sheng)(sheng)数(shu)多少,故(gu)答(da)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“小功(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)繐(hui)(hui)”也(ye)。若(ruo)然,小功(gong)繐(hui)(hui)知据缕(lv)粗(cu)细(xi),非(fei)升(sheng)(sheng)数(shu)者,下记人记出升(sheng)(sheng)数(shu),而(er)“繐(hui)(hui)衰(shuai)四(si)升(sheng)(sheng)有半(ban)”,郑(zheng)彼注云(yun)(yun)(yun):“服在小功(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)上者,欲著其缕(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)精粗(cu)也(ye)。”故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)注亦(yi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“治其缕(lv)如小功(gong)而(er)成布四(si)升(sheng)(sheng)半(ban)也(ye)”。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“细(xi)其缕(lv)者以恩(en)轻也(ye)”者,以其诸(zhu)侯(hou)大夫是(shi)诸(zhu)侯(hou),臣(chen)於天(tian)子(zi)为(wei)(wei)陪臣(chen),唯有聘问(wen)(wen)(wen)接见天(tian)子(zi),天(tian)子(zi)礼之(zhi)(zhi)而(er)已,故(gu)服此服,是(shi)恩(en)轻也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“升(sheng)(sheng)数(shu)少者以服至尊也(ye)”者,诸(zhu)侯(hou)为(wei)(wei)天(tian)子(zi)服至尊,义服斩,缕(lv)加三升(sheng)(sheng)半(ban),陪臣(chen)降君,改服至尊加一升(sheng)(sheng),四(si)升(sheng)(sheng)半(ban)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“凡布细(xi)而(er)疏(shu)(shu)者谓之(zhi)(zhi)繐(hui)(hui)”者,此丧(sang)服谓之(zhi)(zhi)繐(hui)(hui),由(you)繐(hui)(hui)而(er)疏(shu)(shu),若(ruo)非(fei)丧(sang)服,细(xi)而(er)疏(shu)(shu)亦(yi)谓之(zhi)(zhi)繐(hui)(hui),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“凡”以总之(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“今南(nan)阳有邓繐(hui)(hui)”者,谓汉时南(nan)阳郡邓氏造布,有名繐(hui)(hui),言此者,证凡布细(xi)而(er)疏(shu)(shu),即是(shi)繐(hui)(hui)之(zhi)(zhi)义。

诸侯之大夫为天子。

[疏]释曰(yue):此经直云“大(da)(da)夫”,则大(da)(da)夫中有(you)孤卿,以其小(xiao)聘使(shi)(shi)下大(da)(da)夫,大(da)(da)聘或(huo)使(shi)(shi)孤,或(huo)使(shi)(shi)卿也。故(gu)《大(da)(da)行人》云:诸侯之孤,以皮(pi)帛继子男。故(gu)知大(da)(da)夫中兼(jian)孤卿。

传曰:何以(yi)繐衰(shuai)也(ye)?诸侯(hou)之大夫,以(yi)时接见(jian)乎天子。接犹(you)会也(ye)。诸侯(hou)之大夫,以(yi)时会见(jian)於天子而服(fu)之,则其(qi)士庶民不服(fu)可知。

[疏]
  ○注“接犹”至“可知”。
  ○释曰(yue)(yue):传问(wen)者(zhe)(zhe),怪其重(zhong),此既陪臣(chen),何意服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)四(si)升半布,七月乃除(chu)。答云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“以(yi)(yi)时(shi)(shi)接(jie)见(jian)乎天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)”者(zhe)(zhe),为有(you)恩,故(gu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“接(jie)犹会(hui)(hui)也(ye)(ye),诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)夫以(yi)(yi)时(shi)(shi)会(hui)(hui)见(jian)於天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)而服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe),案《周礼(li)(li)(li)·大(da)(da)(da)宗(zong)伯》有(you)“时(shi)(shi)见(jian)曰(yue)(yue)会(hui)(hui)”,彼诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)聘(pin)(pin)时(shi)(shi)见(jian)曰(yue)(yue)会(hui)(hui),无(wu)(wu)(wu)常期曰(yue)(yue)时(shi)(shi)会(hui)(hui)。此郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)以(yi)(yi)时(shi)(shi)会(hui)(hui)见(jian)者(zhe)(zhe),直据诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)大(da)(da)(da)夫,时(shi)(shi)复会(hui)(hui)其问(wen)覜(tiao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)礼(li)(li)(li),此即(ji)《周礼(li)(li)(li)·大(da)(da)(da)宗(zong)伯》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“时(shi)(shi)聘(pin)(pin)曰(yue)(yue)问(wen),殷覜(tiao)曰(yue)(yue)视。”郑注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“时(shi)(shi)聘(pin)(pin)者(zhe)(zhe),亦无(wu)(wu)(wu)常期。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)有(you)事(shi),乃聘(pin)(pin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)焉(yan)。竟外(wai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣(chen),既非朝(chao)岁,不(bu)敢(gan)渎为小礼(li)(li)(li)。”是(shi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)有(you)事(shi)乃遣大(da)(da)(da)夫来(lai)聘(pin)(pin)。彼又(you)注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“殷覜(tiao)谓一(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)朝(chao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)岁,以(yi)(yi)朝(chao)者(zhe)(zhe)少(shao),诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)乃使(shi)卿(qing)(qing)以(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)(da)礼(li)(li)(li)众(zhong)聘(pin)(pin)焉(yan)。一(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)朝(chao)在(zai)元年(nian)(nian)、七年(nian)(nian)、十一(yi)年(nian)(nian)。”此时(shi)(shi)唯(wei)有(you)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)一(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)朝(chao),故(gu)馀五(wu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)并(bing)使(shi)卿(qing)(qing)来(lai)见(jian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。此并(bing)是(shi)以(yi)(yi)时(shi)(shi)会(hui)(hui)见(jian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)待之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)礼(li)(li)(li),皆(jie)有(you)委积、飧饔、飨食燕与时(shi)(shi)赐,加恩既深,故(gu)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)大(da)(da)(da)夫报而服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“则其士庶(shu)(shu)民(min)不(bu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)可(ke)知”者(zhe)(zhe),上文云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“庶(shu)(shu)人为国君”,注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)畿(ji)(ji)内之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)亦如之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”即(ji)知畿(ji)(ji)外(wai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)不(bu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)可(ke)知。今又(you)言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)畿(ji)(ji)外(wai)内民(min)庶(shu)(shu),於天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)有(you)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)无(wu)(wu)(wu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),无(wu)(wu)(wu)明(ming)(ming)文,今因畿(ji)(ji)外(wai)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)大(da)(da)(da)夫接(jie)见(jian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe),乃有(you)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),不(bu)聘(pin)(pin)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe),即(ji)无(wu)(wu)(wu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。明(ming)(ming)民(min)庶(shu)(shu)不(bu)为天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)可(ke)知,故(gu)重(zhong)明(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。若然,诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士约(yue)大(da)(da)(da)夫,不(bu)接(jie)见(jian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)则无(wu)(wu)(wu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),明(ming)(ming)士不(bu)接(jie)见(jian)亦无(wu)(wu)(wu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)可(ke)知。其有(you)士与卿(qing)(qing)大(da)(da)(da)夫聘(pin)(pin)时(shi)(shi)作介(jie)者(zhe)(zhe),虽亦得(de)礼(li)(li)(li),介(jie)本副使(shi),不(bu)得(de)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)接(jie)见(jian)亦不(bu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)可(ke)知。

小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)布衰裳、澡麻(ma)带(dai)绖五月(yue)者(zhe)。澡者(zhe),治去莩垢(gou),不(bu)(bu)绝(jue)其(qi)本(ben)也。《小(xiao)(xiao)记(ji)》曰:“下殇(shang)小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong),带(dai)澡麻(ma),不(bu)(bu)绝(jue)其(qi)本(ben),屈而反以报(bao)之(zhi)。”

[疏]“小功”至“月者”。
  ○释曰:此《殇小功章》在此者,本齐衰大功之亲,为殇降在小功,故在成人小功之上也。但言小功者,对大功是用功粗大,则小功是用功细小精密者也。自上以来,皆带在绖下,今此带在绖上者,以大功已上,绖、带有本,小功以下,断本。此殇小功中,有下殇,小功带不绝本,与大功同,故进带於绖上,倒文以见重,故与常例不同也。且上文多直见一绖包二,此别言带者,亦欲见带不绝本,与绖不同,故两见之也。又殇大功直言无受,不言月数,此直言月,不言无受者,圣人作经,欲互见为义。大功言无受,此亦无受,此言五月,彼则九月、七月可知。又且下章言“即葛”,此章不言即葛,亦是兼见,无受之义也。又不言布带与冠,文略也。不言屦者,当与下章同吉屦无絇也。
  ○注“澡者”至“报之”。
  ○释曰:云“澡(zao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),治去莩垢(gou)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓以(yi)(yi)枲麻(ma),又治去莩垢(gou),使(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)滑净,以(yi)(yi)其入(ru)轻竟故(gu)(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。引《小(xiao)(xiao)记》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),欲见(jian)下殇(shang)(shang)小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)(gong)(gong)中有(you)本,是齐衰(shuai)之(zhi)(zhi)丧,故(gu)(gu)特言(yan)下殇(shang)(shang)。若(ruo)大功(gong)(gong)(gong)下殇(shang)(shang),则入(ru)緦麻(ma),是以(yi)(yi)特据下殇(shang)(shang)。云“屈(qu)而(er)反(fan)(fan)以(yi)(yi)报之(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓先以(yi)(yi)一(yi)股(gu)麻(ma)不(bu)绝(jue)本者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为一(yi)条,展之(zhi)(zhi)为绳(sheng)。报,合(he)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)一(yi)头屈(qu)而(er)反(fan)(fan),乡上合(he)之(zhi)(zhi),乃绞垂必屈(qu)而(er)反(fan)(fan)以(yi)(yi)合(he)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),见(jian)其重故(gu)(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。引之(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),证此(ci)带(dai)亦(yi)不(bu)绝(jue)本,屈(qu)而(er)反(fan)(fan)以(yi)(yi)报之(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)然,此(ci)章(zhang)亦(yi)有(you)大功(gong)(gong)(gong)长殇(shang)(shang),在(zai)(zai)小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)(gong)(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),未知(zhi)带(dai)得(de)(de)与斩衰(shuai)下殇(shang)(shang)小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)(gong)(gong)同,不(bu)绝(jue)本不(bu)。案《服问》云“小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)(gong)(gong)无(wu)变(bian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”,又云“麻(ma)之(zhi)(zhi)有(you)木者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),变(bian)三年之(zhi)(zhi)葛”,彼(bi)云小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)(gong)(gong)无(wu)变(bian),据成人小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)(gong)(gong)无(wu)变(bian),三年之(zhi)(zhi)葛有(you)本,得(de)(de)变(bian)之(zhi)(zhi),则知(zhi)大功(gong)(gong)(gong)殇(shang)(shang)长中在(zai)(zai)小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)(gong)(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),轻带(dai)无(wu)本也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)此(ci)而(er)言(yan),经注专据齐斩下殇(shang)(shang)小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)(gong)(gong)重者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)而(er)言(yan),其中无(wu)有(you)大功(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)殇(shang)(shang)在(zai)(zai)小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)(gong)(gong)带(dai)麻(ma)绝(jue)本者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),似若(ruo)《斩衰(shuai)章(zhang)》兼有(you)义服,传直言(yan)衰(shuai)三升,冠六升,不(bu)言(yan)义服衰(shuai)三升半者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)然,姑、姊妹(mei)出適降在(zai)(zai)小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)(gong)(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)其成人非(fei)所哀痛,带(dai)与大功(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)殇(shang)(shang)同,亦(yi)无(wu)本也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

叔父(fu)之(zhi)下殇(shang)(shang)(shang),適孙之(zhi)下殇(shang)(shang)(shang),昆弟之(zhi)下殇(shang)(shang)(shang),大夫(fu)庶(shu)子为適昆弟之(zhi)下殇(shang)(shang)(shang),为姑、姊(zi)妹、女(nv)子子之(zhi)下殇(shang)(shang)(shang),为人后者为其昆弟、从父(fu)昆弟之(zhi)长殇(shang)(shang)(shang)。

[疏]释曰:此(ci)(ci)经自(zi)“叔父”已(yi)下(xia),至“女子(zi)子(zi)之下(xia)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)”八(ba)人,皆是成人期(qi)。长殇(shang)(shang)(shang)、中殇(shang)(shang)(shang)大(da)(da)(da)功(gong),已(yi)在上《殇(shang)(shang)(shang)大(da)(da)(da)功(gong)章(zhang)(zhang)》;以(yi)此(ci)(ci)下(xia)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)小功(gong),故(gu)在此(ci)(ci)章(zhang)(zhang)也。仍以(yi)尊(zun)者在前,卑者居后(hou)(hou)。云“为人后(hou)(hou)者为其(qi)昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟(di)之长殇(shang)(shang)(shang),从父昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟(di)之长殇(shang)(shang)(shang)”,此(ci)(ci)二者以(yi)本(ben)服(fu)大(da)(da)(da)功(gong),今长殇(shang)(shang)(shang)、中殇(shang)(shang)(shang)小功(gong),故(gu)在此(ci)(ci)章(zhang)(zhang)。从父昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟(di)情本(ben)轻,故(gu)在出降昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟(di)后(hou)(hou)也。

传(chuan)曰:问(wen)者曰:中殇(shang)何(he)以(yi)不见(jian)也(ye)(ye)?大功(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)殇(shang),中从(cong)上(shang),小功(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)殇(shang),中从(cong)下。问(wen)者,据从(cong)父昆弟之(zhi)(zhi)下殇(shang)在緦(si)麻也(ye)(ye)。大功(gong)、小功(gong),皆谓服(fu)(fu)其成人也(ye)(ye)。大功(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)殇(shang)中从(cong)上(shang),则齐衰之(zhi)(zhi)殇(shang)亦中从(cong)上(shang)也(ye)(ye)。此主谓丈夫之(zhi)(zhi)为殇(shang)者服(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)。凡不见(jian)者,以(yi)此求之(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。

[疏]注“问者”至“求之也”。
  ○释(shi)曰:不(bu)(bu)直云(yun)(yun)“何(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)”而云(yun)(yun)“问(wen)(wen)(wen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)曰”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)总问(wen)(wen)(wen)大(da)功(gong)(gong)、小(xiao)功(gong)(gong),所问(wen)(wen)(wen)非一,故(gu)云(yun)(yun)问(wen)(wen)(wen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)曰,与(yu)(yu)常例不(bu)(bu)同。郑云(yun)(yun)“问(wen)(wen)(wen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),据(ju)从(cong)(cong)(cong)父(fu)(fu)昆(kun)弟(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)在緦(si)(si)(si)麻(ma)(ma)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)《緦(si)(si)(si)麻(ma)(ma)章》见从(cong)(cong)(cong)父(fu)(fu)昆(kun)弟(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)章见从(cong)(cong)(cong)父(fu)(fu)昆(kun)弟(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)长(zhang)(zhang)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),唯中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)不(bu)(bu)见,故(gu)致问(wen)(wen)(wen),是以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)据(ju)从(cong)(cong)(cong)父(fu)(fu)昆(kun)弟(di)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“大(da)功(gong)(gong)小(xiao)功(gong)(gong),皆谓(wei)服其(qi)成(cheng)人(ren)(ren)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)《緦(si)(si)(si)麻(ma)(ma)章》传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)云(yun)(yun):“齐衰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)长(zhang)(zhang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)从(cong)(cong)(cong)上(shang)(shang),大(da)功(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)从(cong)(cong)(cong)下(xia)(xia)(xia)。”据(ju)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)二传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),礼无殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)在齐衰,则下(xia)(xia)(xia)齐衰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)与(yu)(yu)大(da)功(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)据(ju)成(cheng)人(ren)(ren),明此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)大(da)功(gong)(gong)与(yu)(yu)小(xiao)功(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)据(ju)服其(qi)成(cheng)人(ren)(ren)可知(zhi)也(ye)。若然(ran),此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)经大(da)功(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)唯有为(wei)人(ren)(ren)后者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),为(wei)昆(kun)弟(di)及从(cong)(cong)(cong)父(fu)(fu)昆(kun)弟(di)二者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),长(zhang)(zhang)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)在此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)小(xiao)功(gong)(gong),共(gong)成(cheng)人(ren)(ren)小(xiao)功(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)从(cong)(cong)(cong)下(xia)(xia)(xia),自(zi)在緦(si)(si)(si)麻(ma)(ma),於此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),欲使(shi)小(xiao)功(gong)(gong)与(yu)(yu)大(da)功(gong)(gong)相对,故(gu)兼(jian)言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“大(da)功(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)从(cong)(cong)(cong)上(shang)(shang),则齐衰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)亦中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)从(cong)(cong)(cong)上(shang)(shang)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)云(yun)(yun)大(da)功(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)从(cong)(cong)(cong)上(shang)(shang),小(xiao)功(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)从(cong)(cong)(cong)下(xia)(xia)(xia)而言,则大(da)功(gong)(gong)重者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)从(cong)(cong)(cong)上(shang)(shang),齐衰重於大(da)功(gong)(gong),明从(cong)(cong)(cong)上(shang)(shang)可知(zhi),故(gu)谓(wei)举轻以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)明重也(ye)。又云(yun)(yun)“此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)主谓(wei)丈(zhang)夫(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)服也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),郑以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)云(yun)(yun)大(da)功(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)从(cong)(cong)(cong)上(shang)(shang),小(xiao)功(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)从(cong)(cong)(cong)下(xia)(xia)(xia)。《緦(si)(si)(si)麻(ma)(ma)章》云(yun)(yun):“齐衰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)从(cong)(cong)(cong)上(shang)(shang),大(da)功(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)从(cong)(cong)(cong)下(xia)(xia)(xia)。”两文(wen)相反,故(gu)郑以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)彼(bi)谓(wei)妇(fu)人(ren)(ren)为(wei)夫(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)族类(lei),此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)谓(wei)丈(zhang)夫(fu)(fu)为(wei)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)服也(ye)。郑必知(zhi)义(yi)(yi)然(ran)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)发在从(cong)(cong)(cong)父(fu)(fu)昆(kun)弟(di)丈(zhang)夫(fu)(fu)下(xia)(xia)(xia),下(xia)(xia)(xia)文(wen)发传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)在妇(fu)人(ren)(ren)为(wei)夫(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亲下(xia)(xia)(xia),故(gu)知(zhi)义(yi)(yi)然(ran)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“凡不(bu)(bu)见者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)求(qiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),周公作经,不(bu)(bu)可具出(chu),略(lve)举以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)明义(yi)(yi),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)不(bu)(bu)见者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)求(qiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)。

为(wei)夫之(zhi)叔父(fu)之(zhi)长殇(shang)。不(bu)见中(zhong)殇(shang)者,中(zhong)从下也。

[疏]注“不见”至“下也”。
  ○释曰:夫之(zhi)叔父义服,故次在(zai)(zai)(zai)此(ci)。成人大功(gong),故长殇降一(yi)等,在(zai)(zai)(zai)小功(gong)。云不(bu)见中殇者中从(cong)下(xia)也者,下(xia)《传》云“大功(gong)之(zhi)殇中从(cong)下(xia)”,主谓此(ci)妇人为夫之(zhi)党类,故知中从(cong)下(xia),在(zai)(zai)(zai)緦麻(ma)也。

昆弟之(zhi)子(zi)女子(zi)子(zi)、夫之(zhi)昆弟之(zhi)子(zi)女子(zi)子(zi)之(zhi)下(xia)殇。为侄、庶孙(sun)丈夫妇人(ren)之(zhi)长殇。

[疏]释(shi)曰(yue):云(yun)“昆(kun)弟之(zhi)子(zi)(zi),女(nv)子(zi)(zi)子(zi)(zi),夫(fu)之(zhi)昆(kun)弟之(zhi)子(zi)(zi)女(nv)子(zi)(zi)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)下殇(shang)”者,此(ci)(ci)皆成人为之(zhi)齐衰期。长(zhang)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)殇(shang)在大(da)功(gong),故下殇(shang)在此(ci)(ci)小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)也。云(yun)“为侄(zhi)庶孙丈(zhang)夫(fu)妇人之(zhi)长(zhang)殇(shang)”者,谓姑为侄(zhi)成人大(da)功(gong),长(zhang)殇(shang)在此(ci)(ci)小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)。不言(yan)(yan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)殇(shang),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)从上。不言(yan)(yan)男子(zi)(zi)、女(nv)子(zi)(zi)而言(yan)(yan)丈(zhang)夫(fu)、妇人,亦(yi)是见(jian)恩疏之(zhi)义。庶孙者,祖为之(zhi)大(da)功(gong),长(zhang)殇(shang)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)殇(shang)亦(yi)在此(ci)(ci)小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)。言(yan)(yan)丈(zhang)夫(fu)、妇人,亦(yi)是见(jian)恩疏也。

大(da)(da)夫(fu)、公(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)昆(kun)弟(di)、大(da)(da)夫(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)子为其昆(kun)弟(di)、庶子、姑、姊(zi)妹、女子子之(zhi)(zhi)长(zhang)(zhang)殇。大(da)(da)夫(fu)为昆(kun)弟(di)之(zhi)(zhi)长(zhang)(zhang)殇小功(gong),谓为士者(zhe)若不仕者(zhe)也,以此(ci)知为大(da)(da)夫(fu)无殇服(fu)也。公(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)昆(kun)弟(di)不言(yan)庶者(zhe),此(ci)无服(fu),无所见(jian)也。大(da)(da)夫(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)子不言(yan)庶者(zhe),关適子亦服(fu)此(ci)殇也。云(yun)公(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)昆(kun)弟(di)为庶子之(zhi)(zhi)长(zhang)(zhang)殇,则知公(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)昆(kun)弟(di)犹大(da)(da)夫(fu)。

[疏]释曰:云“大夫、公之昆弟大夫之子为其昆弟、庶子、姑姊妹、女子子之长殇”者,谓此三人为此六种人,成人以尊,降至大功,故长殇小功中亦从上。此一经亦尊卑为次序也。
  ○注“大夫”至“大夫”。
  ○释(shi)曰:云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)为(wei)(wei)昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)长(zhang)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)小(xiao)功(gong),谓(wei)为(wei)(wei)士(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)仕者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),凡为(wei)(wei)昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),成(cheng)人(ren)(ren)期,长(zhang)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)在(zai)大(da)(da)(da)功(gong),今(jin)(jin)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)为(wei)(wei)昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)长(zhang)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)小(xiao)功(gong),明大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)为(wei)(wei)昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)降(jiang)(jiang)一等(deng),成(cheng)人(ren)(ren)大(da)(da)(da)功(gong)长(zhang)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),中殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)在(zai)小(xiao)功(gong),若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)亦(yi)为(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)同(tong)等(deng),则(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)降(jiang)(jiang),今(jin)(jin)言(yan)(yan)(yan)降(jiang)(jiang)在(zai)小(xiao)功(gong),明是(shi)昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)为(wei)(wei)士(shi)(shi)(shi),若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)仕者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“以(yi)此知(zhi)为(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)无(wu)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)服(fu)也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),已(yi)为(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu),则(ze)冠(guan)(guan)矣,丈夫(fu)(fu)(fu)冠(guan)(guan)而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)为(wei)(wei)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),是(shi)以(yi)知(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)无(wu)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)服(fu)矣。若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)然,大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)身用士(shi)(shi)(shi)礼,已(yi)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)而(er)冠(guan)(guan),而(er)有兄(xiong)姊(zi)(zi)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),已(yi)与(yu)兄(xiong)姊(zi)(zi)同(tong)十(shi)(shi)九,而(er)兄(xiong)姊(zi)(zi)於年(nian)终(zhong)死,已(yi)至明年(nian)初二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi),因丧而(er)冠(guan)(guan),是(shi)已(yi)冠(guan)(guan)成(cheng)人(ren)(ren)而(er)有兄(xiong)姊(zi)(zi)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)也(ye)(ye)。且(qie)五(wu)十(shi)(shi)乃(nai)爵命,今(jin)(jin)未(wei)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)已(yi)得(de)(de)为(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),五(wu)十(shi)(shi)乃(nai)爵命,自是(shi)礼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常法,或有大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)有盛德(de),谓(wei)若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)甘(gan)罗十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)相(xiang)秦(qin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng),未(wei)必要至五(wu)十(shi)(shi),是(shi)以(yi)得(de)(de)有幼为(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)然,《曲礼》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)”四十(shi)(shi)强(qiang)而(er)仕“,则(ze)四十(shi)(shi)然后为(wei)(wei)士(shi)(shi)(shi)。今(jin)(jin)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)死者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)士(shi)(shi)(shi),若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)仕则(ze)为(wei)(wei)士(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)死,亦(yi)是(shi)未(wei)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)得(de)(de)为(wei)(wei)士(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。谓(wei)若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)《士(shi)(shi)(shi)冠(guan)(guan)礼》郑《目录》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“士(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)任士(shi)(shi)(shi)职,居士(shi)(shi)(shi)位(wei),二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)而(er)冠(guan)(guan)。”则(ze)亦(yi)是(shi)有德(de)未(wei)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)士(shi)(shi)(shi),至二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)乃(nai)冠(guan)(guan)。故(gu)郑引《管子(zi)(zi)》书四民(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)业,士(shi)(shi)(shi)亦(yi)世焉是(shi)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“公之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)庶(shu)(shu)(shu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此无(wu)服(fu),无(wu)所见(jian)也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),经(jing)(jing)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)公之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),多(duo)兼(jian)(jian)言(yan)(yan)(yan)庶(shu)(shu)(shu),此特不(bu)(bu)(bu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)公之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庶(shu)(shu)(shu)昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),直云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)公之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)为(wei)(wei)母(mu)(mu)则(ze)兼(jian)(jian)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)庶(shu)(shu)(shu),以(yi)其適(shi)母(mu)(mu)適(shi)庶(shu)(shu)(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi),皆(jie)同(tong)服(fu)。妾(qie)子(zi)(zi)为(wei)(wei)母(mu)(mu),见(jian)厌不(bu)(bu)(bu)申,今(jin)(jin)此经(jing)(jing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)为(wei)(wei)母(mu)(mu)服(fu),为(wei)(wei)昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)已(yi)下(xia)(xia),并同(tong)长(zhang)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),故(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)庶(shu)(shu)(shu)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)庶(shu)(shu)(shu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),关適(shi)子(zi)(zi)亦(yi)服(fu)此殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)言(yan)(yan)(yan)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)庶(shu)(shu)(shu)子(zi)(zi)为(wei)(wei)昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),谓(wei)言(yan)(yan)(yan)適(shi)子(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)服(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)庶(shu)(shu)(shu)子(zi)(zi),则(ze)兼(jian)(jian)適(shi)庶(shu)(shu)(shu),是(shi)以(yi)郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)庶(shu)(shu)(shu)子(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)关適(shi)子(zi)(zi),关,通(tong)也(ye)(ye),通(tong)適(shi)子(zi)(zi)亦(yi)服(fu)此服(fu)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“公之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)为(wei)(wei)庶(shu)(shu)(shu)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)长(zhang)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),则(ze)知(zhi)公之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)犹(you)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),旧(jiu)疑大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)与(yu)公之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)尊卑异,今(jin)(jin)案此经(jing)(jing)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)公之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)与(yu)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)同(tong)降(jiang)(jiang),昆(kun)(kun)(kun)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)已(yi)下(xia)(xia)成(cheng)人(ren)(ren)大(da)(da)(da)功(gong),长(zhang)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)同(tong)小(xiao)功(gong),则(ze)知(zhi)此二(er)(er)(er)人(ren)(ren)尊卑同(tong),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)犹(you)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)。

大夫之(zhi)(zhi)妾为(wei)庶(shu)子之(zhi)(zhi)长殇。君之(zhi)(zhi)庶(shu)子。

[疏]注“君之庶子”。
  ○释曰(yue):妾为(wei)君(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庶子(zi),成人(ren)在大功,已见上章。今长殇降一(yi)等,在此(ci)小功。云“君(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庶子(zi)”者,若適长,则成人(ren)随女君(jun)(jun)三年,长殇在大功,与此(ci)异,故言君(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庶子(zi)以别之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也。

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