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陈瓘字莹中阅读训练及答案(附翻译)

[移动版] 作者:雪园

陈瓘字莹中阅读训练及答案(附翻译)

阅读(du)下面的文言文,回答2—5题(15分)

陈瓘字莹中,闽人。有学问,年十八登进士甲科。绍圣初用章惇荐,为太学博士。先是惇之妻尝劝惇无修怨,惇作相,专务报复,首起朋党之祸。惇妻死,惇悼念不堪。莹中見惇容甚哀,谓惇曰:“ 公与其无益悲伤,曷若念夫人平生之言?”盖讥惇之报怨也。惇以为忤,不复用。曾布为相,荐莹中为谏官,为都司。蔡卞据王安石《日录》改修《神宗实录》,曾布亦主熙宁、元丰之政。莹中上布书,谓卞尊私史以压宗庙,及论時政之不当。時布又以为忤,出之。莹中为谏官時,为上皇极言蔡京、蔡卞不可用,用之决乱天下。蔡京深恨之,屡窜谪。例用赦放归,犹隶通州。一日,莹中之子走京师,言蔡京事。诏狱下,明州捕莹中甚急,士民哭送之,莹中不为动。既入狱,见其子被系,笑曰:“不肖子烦吾一行。” 蔡京用酷吏李孝寿治其事,孝寿坐厅事帘中,列五木于庭,引莹中问之。莹中从容曰:“蔡京之罪,某实知之,不肖子不知也。”多求纸自书。孝寿惧,以莹中为不知情,即日放归,再隶通州。其子配海上。莹中撰《尊尧集》,今行于世。靖康初,不及大用以死,特赠谏议大夫。

2.下列句子中加点的词语的解释,不正确的一项是()

A.先是惇之妻尝劝惇无修怨修怨:报复仇怨

B.用之决乱天下决:决定

C.蔡京深恨之,屡窜谪窜谪:贬职流放

D.见其子被系系:拘囚

3.以下句子分别编为四组,全部表现陈莹中正直无私无畏的一组是()

①绍圣初用章惇荐,为太学博士。②公与其无益悲伤,曷若念夫人平生之言?③曾布为相,荐莹中为谏官,为都司。④莹中上布书,谓卞尊私史以压宗庙,及论時政之不当。⑤蔡京之罪,某实知之。 ⑥靖康初,不及大用以死。

A.①③⑤B.②③⑥C.②④⑤D.①④⑥

4.下列对文章内容解说与分析,不正确的一项是()

A.虽然章惇推荐陈莹中做了太学博士,但陈莹中还是敢于借机讥讽章惇在政事上报复仇怨的做法。

B.曾布推荐陈莹中做谏官,陈莹中议论曾布主持朝政不当,因而遭到曾布的迫害而流放。C.陈莹中向皇帝极力进言蔡京、蔡卞不可用,受蔡京忌恨,多次被流放,依照惯例因赦免而放归。

D.陈莹中儿子到京城说蔡京的事,陈莹中因此被捕,但他毫不畏惧蔡京的淫威而书写蔡京之罪。

5.把文言文阅读材料中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(6分)

(1)公与其无益悲伤,曷若念夫人平生之言

(2)以莹中为不知情,即日放归,再隶通州

陈瓘字莹中阅读训练答案

2.B。(决:一定)

3.C。(①句是章惇推荐陈莹中为官,③句是曾布推荐陈莹中为官,⑥句是说他未及重用而死。)

4.B。(“因而遭到曾布的迫害而流放”不合文意)

5.(1)您与其对身体没有好处地悲伤,哪如(还不如)考虑夫人活着时的话呢?

(2)按照陈莹中是不知道实情,当天放他回去,再次隶属通州管理。

译文:

陈(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)瓘字莹(ying)(ying)(ying)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)福建(jian)人。他(ta)(ta)有学问,十八岁考中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)甲(jia)科进(jin)士(shi)。绍圣初年因章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)惇(dun)推(tui)(tui)荐,做(zuo)太学博士(shi)。在(zai)(zai)这之(zhi)前,章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)惇(dun)的(de)(de)妻(qi)子(zi)(zi)曾(ceng)(ceng)经劝(quan)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)惇(dun)不要(yao)报复(fu)仇怨(yuan),章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)惇(dun)做(zuo)宰相(xiang),专门(men)做(zuo)报复(fu)的(de)(de)事(shi)情(qing),首先制造了诬陷(xian)别人结(jie)为(wei)宗派集团的(de)(de)灾祸。章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)惇(dun)妻(qi)子(zi)(zi)死了,章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)惇(dun)哀悼(dao)思念痛苦不堪。陈(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)莹(ying)(ying)(ying)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)看见(jian)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)惇(dun)面(mian)容很悲哀,对章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)惇(dun)说(shuo):“您与其(qi)对身体没有好(hao)处(chu)地(di)(di)悲伤(shang),哪如考虑夫(fu)(fu)人活着时(shi)的(de)(de)话呢(ni)?”这话是(shi)讥讽章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)惇(dun)报复(fu)仇怨(yuan)的(de)(de)做(zuo)法。章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)惇(dun)认为(wei)陈(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)莹(ying)(ying)(ying)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)违背(bei)自(zi)己心(xin)(xin)愿(yuan),不再(zai)重(zhong)用(yong)他(ta)(ta)。曾(ceng)(ceng)布(bu)(bu)做(zuo)宰相(xiang),推(tui)(tui)荐陈(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)莹(ying)(ying)(ying)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)做(zuo)谏(jian)官,做(zuo)都司。蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)卞(bian)根据(ju)王(wang)安(an)石(shi)《日(ri)录(lu)》改(gai)写《神宗实录(lu)》,曾(ceng)(ceng)布(bu)(bu)也主管(guan)施(shi)行熙(xi)宁、元丰时(shi)的(de)(de)新(xin)法政事(shi)。陈(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)莹(ying)(ying)(ying)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)呈(cheng)上曾(ceng)(ceng)布(bu)(bu)书信,说(shuo)蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)卞(bian)尊重(zhong)私人史书来(lai)压制国家,以及议(yi)论当时(shi)正是(shi)不得当。这时(shi)曾(ceng)(ceng)布(bu)(bu)又认为(wei)他(ta)(ta)违背(bei)自(zi)己心(xin)(xin)愿(yuan),把他(ta)(ta)调出(chu)朝廷(ting)。陈(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)莹(ying)(ying)(ying)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)做(zuo)谏(jian)官时(shi),向皇帝极力(li)进(jin)言蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)京(jing)(jing)(jing)、蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)卞(bian)不能任用(yong),任用(yong)他(ta)(ta)们一(yi)定扰(rao)乱天下。蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)京(jing)(jing)(jing)深深忌恨他(ta)(ta),多(duo)(duo)次(ci)把他(ta)(ta)贬职(zhi)流放。按(an)惯(guan)例因赦免被放回,还是(shi)隶属(shu)通(tong)州(zhou)管(guan)理。一(yi)天,陈(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)莹(ying)(ying)(ying)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)儿(er)(er)(er)(er)子(zi)(zi)跑(pao)到京(jing)(jing)(jing)城,说(shuo)蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)京(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)事(shi)。官吏(li)奉诏(zhao)令关押狱(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),州(zhou)府逮捕陈(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)莹(ying)(ying)(ying)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)很紧急(ji),士(shi)人百姓哭(ku)着送陈(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)莹(ying)(ying)(ying)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),陈(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)莹(ying)(ying)(ying)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)没有慌乱惧怕。入狱(yu)以后(hou),见(jian)到他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)儿(er)(er)(er)(er)子(zi)(zi)被拘囚,笑着说(shuo):“你这个不肖的(de)(de)儿(er)(er)(er)(er)子(zi)(zi)烦劳(lao)我(wo)来(lai)一(yi)趟(tang)。”蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)京(jing)(jing)(jing)任用(yong)酷虐的(de)(de)官吏(li)李(li)孝寿(shou)审理这件事(shi),孝寿(shou)坐在(zai)(zai)厅(ting)事(shi)帘子(zi)(zi)后(hou),在(zai)(zai)庭堂上排列(lie)着枷、镣(liao)、铐(kao)等刑具,带来(lai)陈(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)莹(ying)(ying)(ying)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)审问他(ta)(ta)。陈(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)莹(ying)(ying)(ying)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)从容地(di)(di)说(shuo):“蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)京(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)罪过,我(wo)确实知(zhi)道,我(wo)的(de)(de)不孝儿(er)(er)(er)(er)子(zi)(zi)不知(zhi)道。”他(ta)(ta)要(yao)了很多(duo)(duo)纸自(zi)己写。李(li)孝寿(shou)害怕了,按(an)照陈(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)莹(ying)(ying)(ying)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)不知(zhi)道实情(qing),当天放他(ta)(ta)回去(qu),再(zai)次(ci)隶属(shu)通(tong)州(zhou)管(guan)理,他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)儿(er)(er)(er)(er)子(zi)(zi)发配到海边(bian)之(zhi)地(di)(di)。陈(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)莹(ying)(ying)(ying)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)撰写了《尊尧(yao)集》,现在(zai)(zai)在(zai)(zai)世上流行。靖康(kang)初年,没赶上受重(zhong)用(yong)而死,朝廷(ting)特地(di)(di)赠官为(wei)谏(jian)议(yi)大(da)夫(fu)(fu)。

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