●卷四
匠人为沟洫，（主通利田间之水道。
○洫，况域反。）
[疏]注“主通”至“水道”
○释(shi)曰(yue)：古者人耕(geng)，皆畎上种，畎遂沟洫之间通水，故(gu)知“通利田间水道”。此文与下为目，下别为之耳。
耜广五寸，二耜为耦。一耦之伐，广尺，深尺，谓之巛。田首倍之，广二尺，深二尺，谓之遂。（古者耜一金，两人并发之。其垄中曰巛，巛上曰伐。伐之言发也。巛，畎也。今之耜，岐头两金，象古之耦也。田，一夫之所佃百亩，方百步地。遂者，夫间小沟，遂上亦有径。
○巛(chuan)，古(gu)(gu)犬(quan)反(fan)。隧，音(yin)遂，本(ben)又(you)作遂。并，步顶反(fan)。畎，古(gu)(gu)犬(quan)反(fan)，与巛(chuan)同，古(gu)(gu)今字也(ye)，刘古(gu)(gu)善反(fan)。佃，音(yin)田，又(you)音(yin)电。）
[疏]“耜广”至“之遂”
○释曰：云“耜”，为耒头金，金广五寸。耒面谓之<广此>，<广此>亦当广五寸。云“二耜为耦”者，二人各执一耜，若长沮、桀溺耦而耕。此两人耕为耦，共一尺，一尺深者，谓之畎。畎上高土谓之伐，伐，发也，以发土於上，故名伐也。此二人虽共发一尺之地，未必并发。知者，孔子使子路问津於长沮，长沮不对，又问桀溺，若并头共发，不应别问桀溺，明前後不并可知。虽有前後，其畎自得一尺，不假要并也。
○注“古者”至“有径”
○释(shi)曰(yue)：郑(zheng)云(yun)(yun)“古者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)耜(si)一(yi)金(jin)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，对後伐耜(si)岐(qi)头(tou)二金(jin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。云(yun)(yun)“两人(ren)并(bing)发之(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓共为(wei)一(yi)畎(quan)，谓二人(ren)并(bing)头(tou)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“今之(zhi)耜(si)岐(qi)头(tou)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)”，至後汉，用(yong)牛(niu)耕种(zhong)，故有岐(qi)头(tou)两脚，今之(zhi)犹然(ran)也(ye)(ye)。但以牛(niu)种(zhong)用(yong)二耜(si)，则(ze)畎(quan)下布种(zhong)与(yu)古异也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“田，一(yi)夫(fu)之(zhi)所佃百亩(mu)(mu)(mu)，方百步地”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)人(ren)》云(yun)(yun)：“夫(fu)一(yi)廛，田百亩(mu)(mu)(mu)。”彼(bi)虽为(wei)沟洫法(fa)，一(yi)夫(fu)则(ze)与(yu)此同(tong)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，夫(fu)间(jian)小(xiao)沟，遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)上亦有径(jing)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，按(an)《遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)人(ren)》云(yun)(yun)：“夫(fu)间(jian)有遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)，遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)上有径(jing)。”彼(bi)沟洫法(fa)，此井田法(fa)，虽不同(tong)，遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)在(zai)夫(fu)间(jian)，遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)上有径(jing)则(ze)同(tong)。故云(yun)(yun)亦有径(jing)也(ye)(ye)。按(an)彼(bi)郑(zheng)云(yun)(yun)：“以南(nan)(nan)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)图(tu)之(zhi)，遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)纵沟横(heng)(heng)，洫纵浍(hui)横(heng)(heng)，九浍(hui)而川周其外(wai)。”以彼(bi)遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)在(zai)夫(fu)间(jian)，故以南(nan)(nan)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)，遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)则(ze)纵矣(yi)。此井田，云(yun)(yun)田首倍之(zhi)为(wei)遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)，以南(nan)(nan)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)图(tu)之(zhi)，遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)即横(heng)(heng)也(ye)(ye)。
九夫为井，井间广四尺，深四尺，谓之沟。方十里为成，成间广八尺，深八尺，谓之洫。方百里为同，同间广二寻，深二仞，谓之浍。（此畿内采地之制。九夫为井，井者，方一里，九夫所治之田也。采地制井田，异於乡遂及公邑。三夫为屋，屋，具也。一井之中，三屋九夫，三三相具，以出赋税。共治沟也。方十里为成，成中容一甸，甸方八里出田税，缘边一里治洫。方八里为同，同中容四都、六十四成，方八十里出田税，缘边十里治浍。采地者，在三百里、四百里、五百里之中。《载师职》曰：“园廛二十而一，近郊什一，远郊二十而三，甸稍县都皆无过十二。”谓田税也，皆就夫税之轻近重远耳。滕文公问为国於孟子，孟子曰：“夏后氏五十而贡，殷人七十而{艹助}，周人百亩而彻，其实皆什一。彻者，彻也。{艹助}者，藉也。龙子曰：‘治地莫善於{艹助}，莫不善於贡。’贡者，校数岁之中以为常。”文又问井田，孟子曰：“请野九一而{艹助}，国中什一使自赋。卿以下必有圭田，圭田五十亩。馀夫二十五亩。死徙无出乡，乡田同井，出入相友，守望相{艹助}，疾病相扶持，则百姓亲睦。方里而井，井九百亩，其中为公田。八家皆私百亩，同养公田。公事毕，然後治私事，所以别野人也。”又曰：“《诗》云：‘雨我公田，遂及我私。’惟{艹助}为有公田。由此观之，虽周亦{艹助}也。”鲁哀公问於有若曰：“年饥，用不足，如之何？”有若对曰：“盍彻与？”曰：“二吾犹不足，如之何其彻也。”《春秋》宣十五年秋，初税亩。传曰：“非礼也。出不过藉，以丰财也。”此数者，世人谓之错而疑焉。以《载师职》及《司马法》论之，周制，畿内用夏之贡法，税夫无公田。以《诗》、《春秋》、《论语》、《孟子》论之，周制，邦国用殷之{艹助}法，制公田，不税夫。贡者，自治其所受田，贡其税。{艹助}者，借民之力以治公田，又使收敛焉。畿内用贡法者，乡遂及公邑之吏，旦夕从民事，为其促之以公，使不得恤其私。邦国用{艹助}法者，诸侯专一国之政，为其贪暴，税民无艺。周之畿内，税有轻重。诸侯谓之彻者，通其率以什一为正。孟子云：“野九夫而税一，国中什一。”是邦国亦异外内之法耳。圭之言也。周谓之士田。郑司农说以《春秋传》曰“有田一成”，又曰“列国一同”。
○仞，音(yin)(yin)刃。浍，古(gu)外反。廛，直连反。{艹(cao)助}，音(yin)(yin)助。校，音(yin)(yin)教。数(shu)(shu)，色(se)主反，下(xia)“此数(shu)(shu)者”，同(tong)。别，彼列反。雨(yu)，于(yu)付反。彻与，音(yin)(yin)馀。为其，于(yu)伪(wei)反，下(xia)“为其”、“为此”同(tong)。<艹(cao)执>，音(yin)(yin)艺(yi)。率，音(yin)(yin)律，又(you)音(yin)(yin)类(lei)，下(xia)同(tong)。）
[疏]“九夫”至“之浍”
○释曰：井田之法，畎纵遂横，沟纵洫横，浍纵自然川横。其夫间纵者，分夫间之界耳。无遂，其遂注沟，沟注入洫，洫注入浍，浍注自然入川，此图略举一成於一角，以三隅反之，一同可见矣。《遂人》云“夫间有遂”，以南亩图之，则遂纵而沟横。此不云夫间有遂，云田首倍之谓之遂，遂则横而沟纵也。自馀洫、浍、川，依此遂沟纵横参之可知。但彼云“九浍而川周其外”，川则人造之，此百里有浍，浍水注入川，相去远，故宜为自然川也。自畎遂沟洫，皆广深等，其浍广二寻，深二刃，若以孔安国八尺曰刃，则浍亦广深等。但度广以寻，度深以刃，故别言之。若王肃依《尔雅》四尺曰刃，深二刃，八尺，与广二寻不类。郑以刃七尺浅於广二寻二尺者，以涂为大，故宜浅校二尺，与沟洫不得相类也。
○注“此畿”至“一同”
○释曰(yue)：云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“此(ci)(ci)(ci)畿(ji)内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)采(cai)(cai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，对(dui)畿(ji)外(wai)(wai)诸侯亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，与此(ci)(ci)(ci)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)里(li)(li)(li)(li)，九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《小(xiao)司徒(tu)》注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)：“似井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)字(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“采(cai)(cai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，异(yi)於(wu)(wu)乡(xiang)(xiang)遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)及(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)邑(yi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，按(an)(an)《遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)人(ren)(ren)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)间(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)，十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)沟(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)，百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)洫(xu)(xu)，千(qian)(qian)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)浍，万(wan)大(da)(da)(da)(da)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)川(chuan)”，方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)里(li)(li)(li)(li)少半里(li)(li)(li)(li)，九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)南(nan)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)图之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)纵沟(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)横，洫(xu)(xu)纵浍横，九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)浍而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)川(chuan)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)外(wai)(wai)。若以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，则(ze)(ze)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)，九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)八(ba)(ba)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)浍。此(ci)(ci)(ci)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，则(ze)(ze)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)惟一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)浍，既沟(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)、浍稀稠(chou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，又(you)(you)(you)(you)彼(bi)(bi)(bi)沟(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)洫(xu)(xu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，就夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)则(ze)(ze)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，美(mei)恶取於(wu)(wu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)民(min)(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)自(zi)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)沟(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)洫(xu)(xu)、井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)异(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《小(xiao)司徒(tu)》注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)异(yi)於(wu)(wu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)邑(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，据(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)《遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)人(ren)(ren)》成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)兼(jian)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)邑(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，据(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)实而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)说(shuo)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)屋(wu)(wu)(wu)，屋(wu)(wu)(wu)，具也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)屋(wu)(wu)(wu)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)具，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)出(chu)(chu)赋(fu)(fu)(fu)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。共(gong)(gong)(gong)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)沟(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，据(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)南(nan)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，则(ze)(ze)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)并(bing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)屋(wu)(wu)(wu)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)具以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)出(chu)(chu)赋(fu)(fu)(fu)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。并(bing)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)具共(gong)(gong)(gong)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)沟(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)言(yan)(yan)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)屋(wu)(wu)(wu)共(gong)(gong)(gong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)间(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)沟(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)共(gong)(gong)(gong)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)沟(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)里(li)(li)(li)(li)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)容一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)甸，甸方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)八(ba)(ba)里(li)(li)(li)(li)出(chu)(chu)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，缘边(bian)(bian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)里(li)(li)(li)(li)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)洫(xu)(xu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《司马(ma)(ma)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)》有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)：有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)甸方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)八(ba)(ba)里(li)(li)(li)(li)，出(chu)(chu)长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)毂(gu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)乘(cheng)。又(you)(you)(you)(you)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)里(li)(li)(li)(li)，出(chu)(chu)长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)毂(gu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)乘(cheng)。言(yan)(yan)甸者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，据(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)实出(chu)(chu)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，据(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)通(tong)(tong)(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)沟(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)洫(xu)(xu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)说(shuo)。为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)种，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)细(xi)分(fen)(fen)计之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。八(ba)(ba)里(li)(li)(li)(li)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)甸，出(chu)(chu)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。缘边(bian)(bian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)里(li)(li)(li)(li)，并(bing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)则(ze)(ze)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)里(li)(li)(li)(li)，治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)洫(xu)(xu)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)间(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)洫(xu)(xu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)使(shi)共(gong)(gong)(gong)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)洫(xu)(xu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)(li)(li)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)容四(si)(si)(si)都(dou)(dou)、六(liu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)据(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)《小(xiao)司徒(tu)》而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)。彼(bi)(bi)(bi)经(jing)“四(si)(si)(si)县(xian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)都(dou)(dou)”，注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)四(si)(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)里(li)(li)(li)(li)，四(si)(si)(si)都(dou)(dou)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)八(ba)(ba)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)里(li)(li)(li)(li)，旁加十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)里(li)(li)(li)(li)，乃(nai)得(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)(li)(li)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。”今(jin)言(yan)(yan)六(liu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，据(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)出(chu)(chu)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)八(ba)(ba)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)里(li)(li)(li)(li)出(chu)(chu)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，缘边(bian)(bian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)里(li)(li)(li)(li)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)浍”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“采(cai)(cai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，在(zai)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)(li)(li)、四(si)(si)(si)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)(li)(li)、五(wu)(wu)(wu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，据(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)《载师(shi)职(zhi)》而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)。按(an)(an)彼(bi)(bi)(bi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)邑(yi)任稍地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，小(xiao)都(dou)(dou)任县(xian)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)都(dou)(dou)任地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”，是(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)(li)(li)外(wai)(wai)至(zhi)(zhi)畿(ji)五(wu)(wu)(wu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)(li)(li)内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)。言(yan)(yan)此(ci)(ci)(ci)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，欲(yu)(yu)见(jian)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)采(cai)(cai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)此(ci)(ci)(ci)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。又(you)(you)(you)(you)引(yin)(yin)(yin)《载师(shi)职(zhi)》“园廛(chan)(chan)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，欲(yu)(yu)见(jian)乡(xiang)(xiang)遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)及(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)邑(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)沟(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)洫(xu)(xu)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，与采(cai)(cai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)异(yi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“轻(qing)近(jin)重远耳(er)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，彼(bi)(bi)(bi)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“近(jin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)多(duo)(duo)役。”故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)轻(qing)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。滕(teng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)问(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)“为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)”已(yi)下(xia)(xia)至(zhi)(zhi)“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)常”，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)对(dui)文(wen)(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辞(ci)。自(zi)“文(wen)(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)又(you)(you)(you)(you)问(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)”已(yi)下(xia)(xia)至(zhi)(zhi)“虽周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)”，按(an)(an)彼(bi)(bi)(bi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)使(shi)毕(bi)(bi)(bi)战问(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，今(jin)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)问(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，毕(bi)(bi)(bi)战，文(wen)(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)臣，君统(tong)臣功，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)得(de)(de)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)问(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)后(hou)氏五(wu)(wu)(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，殷(yin)(yin)(yin)人(ren)(ren)七(qi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)人(ren)(ren)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)彻(che)(che)(che)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)实皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)什(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。彻(che)(che)(che)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，彻(che)(che)(che)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，藉(jie)(jie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，并(bing)孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)对(dui)文(wen)(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辞(ci)。按(an)(an)彼(bi)(bi)(bi)赵(zhao)岐注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)：“夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)禹之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)世(shi)号后(hou)氏，后(hou)，君也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，禹受(shou)(shou)(shou)禅(shan)於(wu)(wu)君，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)称后(hou)。殷(yin)(yin)(yin)、周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)顺(shun)人(ren)(ren)心(xin)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)征伐，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)言(yan)(yan)人(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。民(min)(min)(min)(min)耕五(wu)(wu)(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)五(wu)(wu)(wu)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。耕七(qi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)七(qi)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)。耕百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，彻(che)(che)(che)取十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)赋(fu)(fu)(fu)。虽异(yi)名(ming)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)多(duo)(duo)少同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)曰(yue)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)什(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。彻(che)(che)(che)犹人(ren)(ren)彻(che)(che)(che)取物。藉(jie)(jie)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，借也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，犹人(ren)(ren)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)借助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。”或有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)解者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)代受(shou)(shou)(shou)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)多(duo)(duo)少应同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，今(jin)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)后(hou)氏五(wu)(wu)(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，殷(yin)(yin)(yin)人(ren)(ren)七(qi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)人(ren)(ren)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，据(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)、一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)、再(zai)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。并(bing)六(liu)遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，加五(wu)(wu)(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)四(si)(si)(si)等(deng)，据(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)授地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)言(yan)(yan)五(wu)(wu)(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，据(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)得(de)(de)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，常佃百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，荒(huang)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)佃百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)常税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，据(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)五(wu)(wu)(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。殷(yin)(yin)(yin)人(ren)(ren)七(qi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，据(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)六(liu)遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)莱(lai)五(wu)(wu)(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)，百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)五(wu)(wu)(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，犹五(wu)(wu)(wu)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)七(qi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，举(ju)全(quan)数(shu)言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)七(qi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)人(ren)(ren)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)彻(che)(che)(che)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，据(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)，百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)全(quan)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)彻(che)(che)(che)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)据(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)加五(wu)(wu)(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。殷(yin)(yin)(yin)据(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)如(ru)(ru)莱(lai)，则(ze)(ze)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)无(wu)(wu)(wu)莱(lai)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)言(yan)(yan)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)彻(che)(che)(che)，则(ze)(ze)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)莱(lai)及(ji)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)代皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)再(zai)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，明皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)可知(zhi)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)无(wu)(wu)(wu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。殷(yin)(yin)(yin)人(ren)(ren)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)并(bing)无(wu)(wu)(wu)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)人(ren)(ren)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)彻(che)(che)(che)，贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)兼(jian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“龙(long)(long)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)：‘治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)莫善于助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，莫不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)善于贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。’贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，校(xiao)数(shu)岁(sui)(sui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)常”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，按(an)(an)彼(bi)(bi)(bi)赵(zhao)岐注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)：“龙(long)(long)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，古(gu)(gu)贤人(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)赋(fu)(fu)(fu)，无(wu)(wu)(wu)善於(wu)(wu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，校(xiao)数(shu)岁(sui)(sui)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)常，类而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，民(min)(min)(min)(min)供(gong)奉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)谓(wei)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)莫不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)善之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”《孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)》本为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“莫不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)善於(wu)(wu)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)”，今(jin)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)无(wu)(wu)(wu)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)”字(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，盖(gai)转写(xie)脱耳(er)。文(wen)(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)又(you)(you)(you)(you)问(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，按(an)(an)彼(bi)(bi)(bi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)使(shi)毕(bi)(bi)(bi)战问(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)对(dui)此(ci)(ci)(ci)辞(ci)。上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)文(wen)(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)总(zong)问(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)对(dui)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)兼(jian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)问(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)并(bing)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“请野(ye)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，国(guo)(guo)(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)什(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)使(shi)自(zi)赋(fu)(fu)(fu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，彼(bi)(bi)(bi)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)顷(qing)(qing)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)数(shu)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)供(gong)什(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，郊(jiao)(jiao)野(ye)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)赋(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，殷(yin)(yin)(yin)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)名(ming)，周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，龙(long)(long)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)谓(wei)善於(wu)(wu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。时(shi)诸侯不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)行助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，国(guo)(guo)(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)什(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)礼(li)》‘园廛(chan)(chan)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)’，时(shi)行重赋(fu)(fu)(fu)，责之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)什(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)，如(ru)(ru)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。自(zi)，从(cong)(cong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)欲(yu)(yu)请使(shi)野(ye)人(ren)(ren)如(ru)(ru)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，什(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，国(guo)(guo)(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)从(cong)(cong)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)本赋(fu)(fu)(fu)，二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)宽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”又(you)(you)(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“卿以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)必有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)圭(gui)(gui)(gui)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，圭(gui)(gui)(gui)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)五(wu)(wu)(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，馀(yu)(yu)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。”注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“古(gu)(gu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)卿以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)至(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)(wu)士(shi)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)受(shou)(shou)(shou)圭(gui)(gui)(gui)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)五(wu)(wu)(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)供(gong)祭祀(si)。圭(gui)(gui)(gui)，也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。土(tu)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圭(gui)(gui)(gui)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)谓(wei)惟士(shi)无(wu)(wu)(wu)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，则(ze)(ze)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)祭。言(yan)(yan)绌士(shi)无(wu)(wu)(wu)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)，养(yang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)受(shou)(shou)(shou)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，圭(gui)(gui)(gui)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)半之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)五(wu)(wu)(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。馀(yu)(yu)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)受(shou)(shou)(shou)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)馀(yu)(yu)老小(xiao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)馀(yu)(yu)力(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)受(shou)(shou)(shou)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，半於(wu)(wu)圭(gui)(gui)(gui)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)馀(yu)(yu)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。受(shou)(shou)(shou)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)业多(duo)(duo)少，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)(xia)。《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)礼(li)》曰(yue)‘馀(yu)(yu)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)如(ru)(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)’，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)如(ru)(ru)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《王制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)》曰(yue)‘夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)圭(gui)(gui)(gui)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)无(wu)(wu)(wu)征’，谓(wei)馀(yu)(yu)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)圭(gui)(gui)(gui)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)出(chu)(chu)征赋(fu)(fu)(fu)。时(shi)无(wu)(wu)(wu)圭(gui)(gui)(gui)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)馀(yu)(yu)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)欲(yu)(yu)令(ling)复(fu)古(gu)(gu)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)重祭祀(si)利民(min)(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“死徙(xi)无(wu)(wu)(wu)出(chu)(chu)乡(xiang)(xiang)”，注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“死，谓(wei)葬(zang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。徙(xi)，谓(wei)变土(tu)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)居，平(ping)肥硗也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)出(chu)(chu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)乡(xiang)(xiang)，易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)功。”云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“乡(xiang)(xiang)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，出(chu)(chu)入相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)友(you)，守(shou)望相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，疾病(bing)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)扶(fu)(fu)持(chi)(chi)，则(ze)(ze)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)姓亲(qin)睦”，注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)乡(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，共(gong)(gong)(gong)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)，各(ge)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)劳也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。出(chu)(chu)入相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)友(you)，相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)友(you)偶也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)礼(li)·大(da)(da)(da)(da)宰》：‘八(ba)(ba)曰(yue)友(you)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)任得(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)。’守(shou)望相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)察(cha)奸也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。疾病(bing)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)扶(fu)(fu)持(chi)(chi)，扶(fu)(fu)持(chi)(chi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)羸弱也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。救其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)困(kun)急，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)教民(min)(min)(min)(min)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)亲(qin)睦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)。睦，和也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”但乡(xiang)(xiang)遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)沟(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)洫(xu)(xu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“乡(xiang)(xiang)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)谓(wei)殷(yin)(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，虽乡(xiang)(xiang)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)乡(xiang)(xiang)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)杂说(shuo)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)代故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)里(li)(li)(li)(li)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。八(ba)(ba)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)私(si)(si)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)养(yang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)毕(bi)(bi)(bi)，然後治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)私(si)(si)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)别(bie)野(ye)人(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”，注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)里(li)(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)。八(ba)(ba)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)各(ge)私(si)(si)得(de)(de)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)养(yang)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)苗。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)八(ba)(ba)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)馀(yu)(yu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)庐宅园囿，家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)半也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。先(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)後私(si)(si)，遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)及(ji)我私(si)(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。则(ze)(ze)是(shi)(shi)(shi)野(ye)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)别(bie)於(wu)(wu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)伍者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郑(zheng)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)引(yin)(yin)(yin)《孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)》，证井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，则(ze)(ze)卿已(yi)下(xia)(xia)必有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)圭(gui)(gui)(gui)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)及(ji)馀(yu)(yu)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)既间(jian)(jian)在(zai)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，则(ze)(ze)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)宅亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)引(yin)(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“又(you)(you)(you)(you)曰(yue)《诗(shi)(shi)》曰(yue)”至(zhi)(zhi)“亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”，按(an)(an)彼(bi)(bi)(bi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)文(wen)(wen)(wen)孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)对(dui)滕(teng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，今(jin)退在(zai)此(ci)(ci)(ci)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《诗(shi)(shi)》是(shi)(shi)(shi)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)引(yin)(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)下(xia)(xia)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“虽周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)兼(jian)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)、殷(yin)(yin)(yin){艹助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)}贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)鲁(lu)哀(ai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，《论(lun)语(yu)》文(wen)(wen)(wen)。按(an)(an)彼(bi)(bi)(bi)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，“二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)”，谓(wei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，但哀(ai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)已(yi)行十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)若亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)知(zhi)哀(ai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)抑(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)从(cong)(cong)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)正(zheng)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“盍彻(che)(che)(che)”，盍，何(he)(he)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。彻(che)(che)(che)，通(tong)(tong)(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。谓(wei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。哀(ai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)忧(you)国(guo)(guo)(guo)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)若忧(you)民(min)(min)(min)(min)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《春(chun)(chun)秋》讥宣公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)欲(yu)(yu)厚敛(lian)，弃(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，就八(ba)(ba)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)私(si)(si)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)取之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)讥厚敛(lian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“出(chu)(chu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)过(guo)(guo)藉(jie)(jie)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，藉(jie)(jie)即借也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，借民(min)(min)(min)(min)力(li)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“此(ci)(ci)(ci)数(shu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，世(shi)人(ren)(ren)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)错”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《论(lun)语(yu)》、《孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)》、《春(chun)(chun)秋》与《诗(shi)(shi)》，文(wen)(wen)(wen)义(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)世(shi)人(ren)(ren)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)错而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)疑焉。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《载师(shi)职(zhi)》及(ji)《司马(ma)(ma)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)》论(lun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，畿(ji)内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)用(yong)(yong)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)无(wu)(wu)(wu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)世(shi)人(ren)(ren)疑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)错，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)诸文(wen)(wen)(wen)辨之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。按(an)(an)《载师(shi)职(zhi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)，从(cong)(cong)“国(guo)(guo)(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)园廛(chan)(chan)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)”及(ji)“甸、稍、县(xian)、都(dou)(dou)无(wu)(wu)(wu)过(guo)(guo)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)”，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)据(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)乡(xiang)(xiang)遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)及(ji)四(si)(si)(si)等(deng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)邑(yi)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)用(yong)(yong)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)《司马(ma)(ma)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，辨左氏，杜，服(fu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)引(yin)(yin)(yin)《司马(ma)(ma)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“甸方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)八(ba)(ba)里(li)(li)(li)(li)，出(chu)(chu)长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)毂(gu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)乘(cheng)。”郑(zheng)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)《论(lun)语(yu)》引(yin)(yin)(yin)《司马(ma)(ma)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)里(li)(li)(li)(li)，出(chu)(chu)长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)毂(gu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)乘(cheng)。”郑(zheng)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)《小(xiao)司徒(tu)》引(yin)(yin)(yin)《司马(ma)(ma)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)》“成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)里(li)(li)(li)(li)，士(shi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)，徒(tu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)”。并(bing)据(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)郊(jiao)(jiao)遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)(wai)及(ji)采(cai)(cai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，未(wei)见(jian)郑(zheng)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)引(yin)(yin)(yin)证周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)畿(ji)内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《司马(ma)(ma)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)》论(lun)，必论(lun)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)畿(ji)内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)用(yong)(yong)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，但彼(bi)(bi)(bi)《司马(ma)(ma)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)》必论(lun)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)畿(ji)内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)用(yong)(yong)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，非(fei)郑(zheng)虚(xu)言(yan)(yan)，但馀(yu)(yu)侪所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)见(jian)耳(er)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《诗(shi)(shi)》、《春(chun)(chun)秋》、《论(lun)语(yu)》、《孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)》论(lun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，邦国(guo)(guo)(guo)用(yong)(yong)殷(yin)(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《诗(shi)(shi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“雨我公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)”，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。《春(chun)(chun)秋》“初(chu)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)”，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。《论(lun)语(yu)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“盍彻(che)(che)(che)乎”，彻(che)(che)(che)是(shi)(shi)(shi)天下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)答毕(bi)(bi)(bi)战井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，引(yin)(yin)(yin)《诗(shi)(shi)》为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)证，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)总(zong)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，自(zi)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)受(shou)(shou)(shou)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，借民(min)(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)力(li)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，郑(zheng)重释夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)殷(yin)(yin)(yin)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)取《孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)》为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)义(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“畿(ji)内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)用(yong)(yong)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)至(zhi)(zhi)“恤其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)私(si)(si)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，乡(xiang)(xiang)遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)邑(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)邻里(li)(li)(li)(li)比(bi)闾等(deng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)官，旦夕从(cong)(cong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，因此(ci)(ci)(ci)促之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，使(shi)先(xian)(xian)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)恤其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)私(si)(si)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“邦国(guo)(guo)(guo)用(yong)(yong)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，诸侯专一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)国(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)政，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)贪(tan)暴(bao)，税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)民(min)(min)(min)(min)无(wu)(wu)(wu)艺(yi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，艺(yi)，谓(wei)准(zhun)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。宣公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)初(chu)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，就井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)取民(min)(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)自(zi)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)况为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)何(he)(he)准(zhun)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)畿(ji)内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)，税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)轻(qing)重”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，郑(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)近(jin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)多(duo)(duo)役，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)轻(qing)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“诸侯谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)彻(che)(che)(che)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，通(tong)(tong)(tong)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)率以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)什(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)正(zheng)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)郊(jiao)(jiao)外(wai)(wai)用(yong)(yong)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，郊(jiao)(jiao)内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)用(yong)(yong)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)引(yin)(yin)(yin)《孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“野(ye)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，国(guo)(guo)(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)什(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)”。此(ci)(ci)(ci)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)野(ye)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，即彼(bi)(bi)(bi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)请野(ye)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)国(guo)(guo)(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)什(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，即彼(bi)(bi)(bi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)国(guo)(guo)(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)什(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)使(shi)自(zi)赋(fu)(fu)(fu)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，四(si)(si)(si)面八(ba)(ba)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)各(ge)自(zi)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，八(ba)(ba)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)各(ge)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，八(ba)(ba)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)八(ba)(ba)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)入公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，馀(yu)(yu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，八(ba)(ba)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)各(ge)得(de)(de)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)半，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)庐宅、井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)灶(zao)、葱韭，是(shi)(shi)(shi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)外(wai)(wai)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。国(guo)(guo)(guo)内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)，据(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)民(min)(min)(min)(min)住在(zai)城中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)即在(zai)郊(jiao)(jiao)内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)。郊(jiao)(jiao)外(wai)(wai)乡(xiang)(xiang)遂(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)沟(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)洫(xu)(xu)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，言(yan)(yan)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)外(wai)(wai)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《汉书·食货志》既有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)饶(rao)(rao)民(min)(min)(min)(min)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)半之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)宋(song)均(jun)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)《乐(le)纬》、何(he)(he)休注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)《公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)羊(yang)》、赵(zhao)岐注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)《孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)》，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)饶(rao)(rao)民(min)(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)说(shuo)。《诗(shi)(shi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“倬彼(bi)(bi)(bi)甫田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，岁(sui)(sui)取十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)千(qian)(qian)”，郑(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。通(tong)(tong)(tong)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)千(qian)(qian)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)万(wan)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。”不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)饶(rao)(rao)民(min)(min)(min)(min)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)经(jing)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“岁(sui)(sui)取十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)千(qian)(qian)”，校(xiao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)，举(ju)全(quan)数(shu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)，郑(zheng)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)顺(shun)经(jing)从(cong)(cong)整数(shu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)说(shuo)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)实与诸家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)殊也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“邦国(guo)(guo)(guo)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)异(yi)外(wai)(wai)内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)畿(ji)内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)畿(ji)外(wai)(wai)，据(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)天子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)总(zong)天下(xia)(xia)大(da)(da)(da)(da)判(pan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)既引(yin)(yin)(yin)《孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)》野(ye)与国(guo)(guo)(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)细(xi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)分(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，邦国(guo)(guo)(guo)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)仿天子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)异(yi)外(wai)(wai)内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“圭(gui)(gui)(gui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士(shi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，即《载师(shi)》“士(shi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)”是(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。先(xian)(xian)郑(zheng)引(yin)(yin)(yin)《春(chun)(chun)秋》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)哀(ai)元年(nian)，彼(bi)(bi)(bi)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)后(hou)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)浇所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)灭，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)少康(kang)奔虞思为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)庖正(zheng)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)众一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)旅。据(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，宫室涂巷，三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)分(fen)(fen)去一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，馀(yu)(yu)六(liu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，下(xia)(xia)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，通(tong)(tong)(tong)率三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)受(shou)(shou)(shou)六(liu)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，则(ze)(ze)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)六(liu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，定受(shou)(shou)(shou)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)众一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)旅，五(wu)(wu)(wu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，据(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)多(duo)(duo)，家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)多(duo)(duo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。又(you)(you)(you)(you)曰(yue)“列国(guo)(guo)(guo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)襄二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)年(nian)。彼(bi)(bi)(bi)郑(zheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)产(chan)(chan)晋(jin)献捷，晋(jin)人(ren)(ren)责之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“何(he)(he)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)侵小(xiao)”，子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)产(chan)(chan)对(dui)曰(yue)：昔天子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)圻，列国(guo)(guo)(guo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，自(zi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)衰(shuai)，今(jin)大(da)(da)(da)(da)国(guo)(guo)(guo)多(duo)(duo)数(shu)圻矣(yi)(yi)。若无(wu)(wu)(wu)侵小(xiao)，何(he)(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)至(zhi)(zhi)焉”是(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。引(yin)(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，证经(jing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)与同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，古(gu)(gu)来皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)什(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)《孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)》说(shuo)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)代，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)实皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)什(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)羊(yang)传》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“古(gu)(gu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)什(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)藉(jie)(jie)，多(duo)(duo)乎什(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)桀(jie)小(xiao)桀(jie)”，注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“奢泰多(duo)(duo)取於(wu)(wu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)，比(bi)於(wu)(wu)桀(jie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”“寡(gua)乎什(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)貉(he)小(xiao)貉(he)”，注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“蛮貉(he)无(wu)(wu)(wu)社(she)稷、宗(zong)庙、百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)官、制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)费，税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)薄。什(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，天下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)正(zheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”“什(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)行，颂声作(zuo)矣(yi)(yi)。”注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“圣人(ren)(ren)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)口分(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)妇(fu)，受(shou)(shou)(shou)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)养(yang)父母妻(qi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。五(wu)(wu)(wu)口为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，即所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)谓(wei)什(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)税(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。庐舍二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)半。凡为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)顷(qing)(qing)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)半，八(ba)(ba)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)顷(qing)(qing)，共(gong)(gong)(gong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)曰(yue)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。”《孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)》又(you)(you)(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“白圭(gui)(gui)(gui)曰(yue)：‘吾(wu)欲(yu)(yu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)取一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，何(he)(he)如(ru)(ru)？’孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)：‘子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)，貉(he)道(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。欲(yu)(yu)轻(qing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)(wu)尧舜(shun)(shun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)貉(he)小(xiao)貉(he)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。欲(yu)(yu)重之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)(wu)尧舜(shun)(shun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)桀(jie)小(xiao)桀(jie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)’。”章(zhang)指言(yan)(yan)先(xian)(xian)王按(an)(an)典(dian)礼(li)，万(wan)世(shi)可遵，什(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)供(gong)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，下(xia)(xia)富上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)尊。若然，自(zi)古(gu)(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)来，贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)与助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)过(guo)(guo)什(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
专达(da)於川(chuan)，各载其(qi)名。（达(da)犹至也。谓浍直至於川(chuan)，复无所注入。载其(qi)名者(zhe)，识水所从出。）
[疏]注“达犹”至“从出”
○释(shi)曰：上浍(hui)(hui)水(shui)所(suo)入(ru)(ru)，更无注(zhu)入(ru)(ru)，故(gu)云“专至於川(chuan)”。云“识水(shui)所(suo)从出(chu)”者，据浍(hui)(hui)水(shui)出(chu)注(zhu)入(ru)(ru)川(chuan)处。诸浍(hui)(hui)既(ji)多，当各记水(shui)所(suo)出(chu)之处，著其名，使人言(yan)有(you)所(suo)称谓者也。
凡天下之地势，两山之间必有川焉，大川之上必有涂焉。（通其壅塞。
○壅，於勇反。）
[疏]注“通其壅塞”
○释曰：此言同间有浍(hui)，浍(hui)水入川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)，其(qi)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)是(shi)自然而(er)有，又(you)非平地而(er)出，必因(yin)山间有之。又(you)大川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)不(bu)可辄越，巡川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)必当有涂，地势然也。言“通其(qi)壅塞(sai)”者，川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)与涂皆是(shi)通其(qi)壅塞(sai)也。
凡沟逆地力，谓之不行。水属不理孙，谓之不行。（沟谓造沟。力谓脉理。属读为注。孙，顺也。不行谓决溢也。禹凿龙门，播九河，为此逆力与不理孙也。
○力，音勒(le)。属，读为注(zhu)，之(zhi)树反。理孙，音逊，注(zhu)同。）
[疏]注“沟谓”至“孙也”
○释(shi)曰：经言“凡沟(gou)”，注云“谓造沟(gou)”，则(ze)此(ci)沟(gou)非谓广深(shen)四尺其田间者。下云“梢沟(gou)三(san)十里而广倍”，当是人(ren)所(suo)造沟(gou)渎引水者。故此(ci)郑引凿龙(long)门播(bo)(bo)九河为证，既不(bu)(bu)得(de)逆(ni)地力，不(bu)(bu)理(li)逊，水不(bu)(bu)行(xing)，当依地力理(li)顺行(xing)，水乃(nai)可为之川也。禹凿龙(long)门播(bo)(bo)九河，事见(jian)《尚书·禹贡》。
梢沟三十里而广倍。（谓不垦地之沟也。郑司农云：“梢读为桑螵蛸之蛸。”蛸谓水漱啮之沟。故三十里而广倍。”
○梢，刘音萧(xiao)，注蛸，一(yi)音色交反(fan)。螵，婢遥反(fan)。）
[疏]注“谓不”至“广倍”
○释曰：此沟(gou)(gou)虽是(shi)不垦地(di)之(zhi)沟(gou)(gou)，与上(shang)异(yi)，亦是(shi)非田(tian)间者(zhe)也(ye)。必使(shi)三十里得广(guang)倍者(zhe)，亦谓地(di)势(shi)而(er)为(wei)之(zhi)，使(shi)水(shui)梢(shao)沟(gou)(gou)，故得三十里而(er)广(guang)倍也(ye)。先郑云“梢(shao)读(du)为(wei)桑(sang)螵蛸(shao)(shao)之(zhi)蛸(shao)(shao)，蛸(shao)(shao)谓水(shui)漱啮(nie)之(zhi)沟(gou)(gou)”，上(shang)云“梢(shao)其(qi)薮(sou)”，亦读(du)从螵蛸(shao)(shao)之(zhi)蛸(shao)(shao)，同(tong)是(shi)梢(shao)啮(nie)之(zhi)义，故同(tong)读(du)从之(zhi)也(ye)。
凡行奠水，磬折以参伍。（《坎》为弓轮，水行欲纡曲也。郑司农云：“奠读为亭，谓行停水，沟形当如磬，直行三，折行五，以引水者疾焉。”
○奠(dian)，音亭(ting)。折，之设反，後放此。）
[疏]注“坎为”至“疾焉”
○释曰：言凡行停水(shui)者，水(shui)去迟，似停住止，由川(chuan)直故也。是以曲(qu)(qu)为，因其曲(qu)(qu)势，则(ze)水(shui)去疾(ji)，是以为磬折以参伍也。云“坎为弓(gong)轮”者，《说卦》文(wen)，谓《坎》所以行水(shui)，如弓(gong)轮，轮则(ze)水(shui)疾(ji)，故云“行水(shui)欲纡曲(qu)(qu)”也。
欲为渊，则句於矩。（大(da)曲(qu)则流转，流转则其下成渊。）
[疏]注“大曲”至“成渊”
○释曰：凡川沟，欲得(de)使教渊之深(shen)，当句曲(qu)於(wu)矩，使水势到向上句曲(qu)尺，则为回氵委，自然深(shen)为渊，验今皆然也。
凡沟必因水势，防必因地势。善沟者水漱之，善防者水淫之。（漱，犹啮也。郑司农云：“淫读为，谓水淤泥土，留著助之为厚。”玄谓淫读为淫液之淫。
○漱，色救反(fan)，前注同。，许金反(fan)。淤，於据(ju)反(fan)。著(zhu)，直略反(fan)。液，音亦。）
[疏]注“漱谓”至“之淫”
○释曰：先郑(zheng)读“淫(yin)”为(wei)“”者(zhe)，《周(zhou)礼(li)》之内(nei)云者(zhe)，先郑(zheng)皆为(wei)淫(yin)，淫(yin)为(wei)陈(chen)，故此读淫(yin)为(wei)。先郑(zheng)馀处淫(yin)、既为(wei)陈(chen)，於此不得为(wei)淤泥解之，故後(hou)郑(zheng)不从也(ye)。是以後(hou)郑(zheng)以淫(yin)液之淫(yin)为(wei)义，谓以淤泥淫(yin)液使厚也(ye)。
凡为防，广与崇方，其<杀闪>参分去一。（崇，高也。方犹等也。<杀闪>者，薄其上。
○<杀闪>，色界反，刘(liu)又色例反，注(zhu)下同。去，起吕反。）
[疏]注“崇高”至“其上”
○释曰：凡(fan)为(wei)堤防言广(guang)(guang)与高等者(zhe)，假(jia)令堤高丈二尺，下基亦广(guang)(guang)丈二尺。云“其<杀(sha)闪>参分去(qu)一”者(zhe)，三四十二，上宜广(guang)(guang)八尺者(zhe)也。
大防外<杀闪>。（又薄其上，厚其下(xia)。）
[疏]注“又薄”至“其下”
○释曰(yue)：此(ci)文承上参分(fen)去一而云外<杀闪>，故云“又(you)薄其上，厚其下”。虽不知尺数(shu)，但知三(san)分(fen)去一之外更去也(ye)。
凡(fan)沟(gou)(gou)(gou)防，必一日先深之以为(wei)式(shi)。（程人功也。沟(gou)(gou)(gou)防，为(wei)沟(gou)(gou)(gou)为(wei)防也。）
[疏]注“程人”至“防也”
○释曰：“程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)人功”者，将欲造沟防，先以(yi)人数(shu)(shu)一(yi)日(ri)之中(zhong)所作尺(chi)数(shu)(shu)，是程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)人功法式，後(hou)则以(yi)此(ci)功程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，赋其丈尺(chi)步(bu)数(shu)(shu)。言“深(shen)”者，谓(wei)(wei)深(shen)浅(qian)尺(chi)数(shu)(shu)，故下云(yun)“已为(wei)式，然後(hou)可以(yi)傅(fu)众力”。傅(fu)，谓(wei)(wei)付之。
里为式，然後可以傅众力。（“里”读为“已”，声之误也。
○里，音以。傅(fu)，音附。）
[疏]注“里读”至“误也”
○释曰：必破“里”为(wei)“已”者，里则於(wu)义(yi)无取，为(wei)已则於(wu)义(yi)合，故从(cong)已也。
凡任，索约大汲其版，谓之无任。（故书“汲”作“没”，杜子春云：“当为汲。”玄谓约，缩也。汲，引也。筑防若墙者，以绳缩其版。大引之，言版桡也。版桡，筑之则鼓，土不坚矣。《诗》云：“其绳则直，缩版以载。”又曰：“约之格格，之橐橐。”
○格，音(yin)各。，丁角反。橐，音(yin)托(tuo)。）
[疏]注“故书”至“橐橐”
○释曰：引(yin)《诗》云“其绳(sheng)则直(zhi)，缩版以载”者，此《大雅·绵》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇文也(ye)。又曰“约(yue)(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)格格，之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)橐(tuo)(tuo)橐(tuo)(tuo)”者，谓《斯干》美(mei)宣王之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗。言(yan)筑室(shi)百堵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时，有此约(yue)(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事。彼注云：“格格，犹(you)历(li)历(li)也(ye)。橐(tuo)(tuo)橐(tuo)(tuo)，用(yong)力也(ye)。”引(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者，证索约(yue)(yue)(yue)，约(yue)(yue)(yue)亦(yi)绳(sheng)缩之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事也(ye)。
葺屋参分，瓦屋四分。（各分其，以其一为峻。
○葺，七入反(fan)，刘音集，又子入反(fan)。）
[疏]注“各分”至“为峻”
○释曰：葺(qi)屋(wu)(wu)，谓草(cao)屋(wu)(wu)，草(cao)屋(wu)(wu)宜峻於瓦(wa)屋(wu)(wu)，云“各(ge)分(fen)其，以其一为峻”者(zhe)，按上当二(er)七言之(zhi)，则此注亦谓东西为屋(wu)(wu)。则三分(fen)南北之(zhi)间尺数，取一以为峻。假令南北丈二(er)尺，草(cao)屋(wu)(wu)三分(fen)取四(si)尺为峻，瓦(wa)屋(wu)(wu)四(si)分(fen)取三尺为峻也。
、、仓、城，逆墙六分。（逆犹也。筑此四者，六分其高，一分以为<杀闪>。，圜仓。穿地曰。
○，丘贫反。，刘古(gu)孝反，依字当为窖，作(zuo)假借也。）
[疏]注“逆犹”至“曰”
○释曰：地上为(wei)之(zhi)，方曰仓，圜曰，穿地曰。墙(qiang)六(liu)分者(zhe)，六(liu)分其(qi)高，去一以为(wei)<杀(sha)闪>。假令高丈二尺，下厚四尺，则(ze)於(wu)上去二尺为(wei)<杀(sha)闪>，上惟(wei)二尺。其(qi)仓城(cheng)，地上为(wei)之(zhi)，须为(wei)此(ci)杀(sha)。其(qi)入地亦为(wei)此(ci)<杀(sha)闪>者(zhe)，虽入地，口宜宽，则(ze)牢固也。
堂涂十有二分。（谓阶前，若今令甓衤戒也。分其督旁之，以一分为峻也。《尔雅》曰：“当涂谓之陈。”
○令，音零。甓(pi)，薄(bo)历反，《尔雅(ya)》云：“瓴<瓦(wa)>谓之甓(pi)”，郭璞(pu)云：“今(jin)<鹿瓦(wa)><专瓦(wa)>。”礻戒(jie)，音阶。）
[疏]注“谓阶”至“今陈”
○释曰：郑云(yun)“若(ruo)今令(ling)(ling)甓礻(shi)戒(jie)(jie)也”者(zhe)(zhe)，汉时(shi)名堂(tang)涂为(wei)令(ling)(ling)甓礻(shi)戒(jie)(jie)。令(ling)(ling)辟则今之砖(zhuan)(zhuan)也。礻(shi)戒(jie)(jie)则砖(zhuan)(zhuan)道者(zhe)(zhe)也。云(yun)“分其督旁(pang)之”者(zhe)(zhe)，名中(zhong)(zhong)央为(wei)督。督者(zhe)(zhe)，所以(yi)督率两旁(pang)。谓两旁(pang)上(shang)下(xia)之尺数。假令(ling)(ling)两旁(pang)上(shang)下(xia)尺二(er)寸，则取一寸於(wu)中(zhong)(zhong)央为(wei)峻。峻者(zhe)(zhe)，取水两向流去故也。引《尔雅》者(zhe)(zhe)，《释宫》文。即《诗(shi)》云(yun)“彼何人斯，胡逝(shi)我陈”，言涉堂(tang)涂。引之，证(zheng)陈与此堂(tang)涂为(wei)一也。
窦其崇三尺。（宫中水道。
○窦，音豆。）
[疏]注“宫中水道”
○释曰：言为窦(dou)通水，高不得过(guo)此。按《礼(li)记·儒行》云(yun)“荜门圭窦(dou)”，则此窦(dou)一也。
墙厚三尺，崇三之。（高厚以是为率，足以相胜。
○胜，音升。）
[疏]注“高厚”至“相胜”
○释曰：云(yun)“高(gao)厚(hou)(hou)以(yi)是(shi)为(wei)率”者，高(gao)恒两倍於厚(hou)(hou)，不要厚(hou)(hou)三尺(chi)(chi)高(gao)九尺(chi)(chi)。假令厚(hou)(hou)六尺(chi)(chi)，高(gao)丈八尺(chi)(chi)，皆(jie)依(yi)此(ci)法，故云(yun)以(yi)是(shi)为(wei)率，足以(yi)相胜也。
车人之事，半矩谓之宣，（荆法也。所法者，人也。人长八尺而大节三：头也，腹也，胫也。以三通率之，则矩二尺六寸三分寸之二。头发皓落曰宣。半矩，尺三寸三分寸之一，人头之长也。柯属之木头取名焉。《易·巽》为宣发。
○之(zhi)宣，如字，本或作寡，亦(yi)作宣。胫，户(hu)定反。皓(hao)，胡老(lao)反，本或作颢，音同，刘作皓(hao)，音灰。柯，古(gu)阿(a)反。）
[疏]注“矩法”至“宣发”
○释(shi)曰：言“车(che)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事”，谓(wei)车(che)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)为(wei)(wei)造车(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事，此(ci)与(yu)下(xia)为(wei)(wei)总目也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“半(ban)(ban)(ban)矩(ju)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)”者(zhe)(zhe)，以下(xia)文取(qu)(qu)此(ci)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)为(wei)(wei)尺(chi)(chi)度，故(gu)(gu)先定宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)长(zhang)短(duan)，如(ru)上“十分(fen)(fen)(fen)寸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)枚”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类也(ye)。知(zhi)“所法者(zhe)(zhe)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)，以《易(yi)》云(yun)(yun)“《巽》为(wei)(wei)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)发”，则人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)头(tou)(tou)名(ming)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)。又(you)见下(xia)云(yun)(yun)“一(yi)(yi)柯(ke)有(you)半(ban)(ban)(ban)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)磬(qing)(qing)折”，与(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)带已下(xia)四尺(chi)(chi)半(ban)(ban)(ban)为(wei)(wei)磬(qing)(qing)折同，故(gu)(gu)知(zhi)法人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)。“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)长(zhang)八尺(chi)(chi)”已下(xia)，郑欲(yu)推出宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)长(zhang)短(duan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)数，以人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)长(zhang)八尺(chi)(chi)，三(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，六尺(chi)(chi)各得二(er)尺(chi)(chi)。其(qi)二(er)尺(chi)(chi)又(you)取(qu)(qu)尺(chi)(chi)八三(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，各得六寸。又(you)以二(er)寸，寸为(wei)(wei)三(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)，为(wei)(wei)六分(fen)(fen)(fen)，三(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，各三(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)寸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)二(er)，故(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)头(tou)(tou)也(ye)，腹也(ye)，胫也(ye)。以三(san)通率之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，则二(er)尺(chi)(chi)六寸三(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)寸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)二(er)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“头(tou)(tou)发皓落曰宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)”者(zhe)(zhe)，以得谓(wei)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)去之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)发皓白则落堕，故(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)此(ci)者(zhe)(zhe)，解头(tou)(tou)名(ming)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)意(yi)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“半(ban)(ban)(ban)矩(ju)，尺(chi)(chi)三(san)寸三(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)寸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)头(tou)(tou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)长(zhang)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)，矩(ju)既(ji)二(er)尺(chi)(chi)六寸三(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)寸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)二(er)，故(gu)(gu)藏半(ban)(ban)(ban)为(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)头(tou)(tou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)长(zhang)，有(you)此(ci)数也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“柯(ke)属之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)木(mu)头(tou)(tou)取(qu)(qu)名(ming)焉”者(zhe)(zhe)，下(xia)云(yun)(yun)“一(yi)(yi)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)有(you)半(ban)(ban)(ban)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属，一(yi)(yi)属有(you)半(ban)(ban)(ban)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)柯(ke)”，柯(ke)属皆从宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)上取(qu)(qu)数，故(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)头(tou)(tou)取(qu)(qu)名(ming)焉。犹言取(qu)(qu)名(ming)於头(tou)(tou)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“《易(yi)》曰《巽》为(wei)(wei)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)发”者(zhe)(zhe)，按(an)《说卦》云(yun)(yun)：“其(qi)於人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)为(wei)(wei)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)发。”注：“宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)发，取(qu)(qu)四月靡(mi)草死(si)，发在(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)，犹靡(mi)草在(zai)(zai)地。”今《易(yi)》文不(bu)(bu)作“宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)”作“寡(gua)(gua)”者(zhe)(zhe)，盖(gai)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)、寡(gua)(gua)义(yi)得两通，故(gu)(gu)郑为(wei)(wei)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)不(bu)(bu)作寡(gua)(gua)也(ye)。引(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)，证宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)为(wei)(wei)头(tou)(tou)意(yi)也(ye)。
一宣有半谓之属，（属，斫斤，柄长二尺。《尔雅》曰：“句属谓之定。”
○属，张玉反，郭云斫也。句(ju)，音(yin)劬，又音(yin)俱。定(ding)，丁宁反，或如字(zi)。）
[疏]注“属斫”至“之定”
○释曰：一(yi)(yi)(yi)宣有半(ban)得(de)长二(er)尺(chi)(chi)者，以一(yi)(yi)(yi)宣尺(chi)(chi)三(san)(san)寸(cun)(cun)三(san)(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)寸(cun)(cun)之一(yi)(yi)(yi)，取半(ban)添之，一(yi)(yi)(yi)尺(chi)(chi)得(de)五(wu)寸(cun)(cun)，三(san)(san)寸(cun)(cun)每寸(cun)(cun)三(san)(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)得(de)九分(fen)(fen)(fen)，并前一(yi)(yi)(yi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)为十分(fen)(fen)(fen)，取半(ban)得(de)五(wu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)，三(san)(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)为一(yi)(yi)(yi)寸(cun)(cun)馀二(er)分(fen)(fen)(fen)，总为六寸(cun)(cun)二(er)分(fen)(fen)(fen)寸(cun)(cun)之二(er)，添前尺(chi)(chi)三(san)(san)寸(cun)(cun)三(san)(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)寸(cun)(cun)之一(yi)(yi)(yi)为二(er)尺(chi)(chi)也(ye)。“斫(zhuo)斤(jin)”即《尔雅》“句”，一(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)。彼云“句属(shu)谓之定”，故知此属(shu)，斫(zhuo)斤(jin)柄也(ye)。
一(yi)属有半之柯，（伐木之柯，柄长(zhang)三尺(chi)。《诗》云(yun)：“伐柯伐柯，其则不远(yuan)。”郑司(si)农云(yun)：“《苍颉篇》有柯属。”）
[疏]注“伐木”至“柯属”
○释(shi)曰：知“长三尺(chi)”者(zhe)，以其属长二尺(chi)，云“一属有半(ban)”，故知三尺(chi)。引(yin)《诗》者(zhe)，《伐柯(ke)》诗之文也。先郑引(yin)《苍颉》者(zhe)，苍颉造文字，有篇(pian)名(ming)《苍颉》。云“柯(ke)属”，并是柄也。
一柯有半谓之磬折。（人带以下四尺五寸。磬折立，则上亻免。《玉藻》曰：“三分带下，绅居二焉。”绅长三尺。
○亻(ren)免，音免。）
[疏]注“人带”至“三尺”
○释曰：此据人之所立磬(qing)折(zhe)(zhe)之仪。以上(shang)有宣及属柯(ke)之长(zhang)短，故因解人立磬(qing)折(zhe)(zhe)浅(qian)深也(ye)(ye)。又(you)下(xia)文造(zao)耒，亦以磬(qing)折(zhe)(zhe)之，故云之也(ye)(ye)。云“一柯(ke)有半(ban)谓之磬(qing)折(zhe)(zhe)”，据绅带(dai)(dai)以下(xia)而言也(ye)(ye)。引《玉藻》者，按彼子(zi)游曰：“参(can)分(fen)带(dai)(dai)下(xia)，绅居二焉。”郑注(zhu)云：“三(san)分(fen)带(dai)(dai)下(xia)而三(san)尺(chi)(chi)，则带(dai)(dai)高於中(zhong)也(ye)(ye)。”以其人长(zhang)八尺(chi)(chi)，中(zhong)则四(si)尺(chi)(chi)，今云三(san)分(fen)带(dai)(dai)下(xia)，绅居二分(fen)，明带(dai)(dai)上(shang)有一分(fen)，上(shang)三(san)尺(chi)(chi)半(ban)，是带(dai)(dai)下(xia)有四(si)尺(chi)(chi)半(ban)可知也(ye)(ye)。
车人为耒，<广此>长尺有一寸，中直者三尺有三寸，上句者二尺有二寸。（郑司农云：“耒谓耕耒。<广此>读为其颡有疵之疵，谓耒下岐。”玄谓<广此>读为棘刺之刺。刺，耒下前曲接耜。
○耒(lei)，力对反(fan)(fan)，刘(liu)音诔，或良水反(fan)(fan)。<广此>，音刺，七(qi)赐反(fan)(fan)，李又(you)似(si)斯(si)反(fan)(fan)。颡疵(ci)，似(si)斯(si)反(fan)(fan)。）
[疏]“车人”至“二寸”
○释曰：此车人既为车，因使为耒之田器也。<广此>者，耒之面。但耒状若今之曲欠柄也。面长尺有一寸。云“中直”者，谓手执处为句，故谓<广此>上句下为中直者三尺有三寸也。“句”者，谓人手执之处，二尺有二寸也。
○注“郑司”至“接耜”
○释曰：先郑云(yun)(yun)“<广此(ci)>读为(wei)(wei)其颡(sang)有(you)疵之(zhi)疵”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，俗人(ren)谓(wei)颡(sang)额之(zhi)上有(you)疵病(bing)，故从(cong)(cong)之(zhi)也。云(yun)(yun)“谓(wei)耒(lei)下(xia)岐(qi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，古(gu)法(fa)，耒(lei)下(xia)惟一(yi)金，不岐(qi)头(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)。先郑云(yun)(yun)“耒(lei)下(xia)岐(qi)”，据(ju)汉法(fa)而言(yan)。其实(shi)古(gu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)耜(si)不岐(qi)头(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)，是以後郑上注亦云(yun)(yun)“今之(zhi)耜(si)岐(qi)头(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)”，明古(gu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)耜(si)无岐(qi)头(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)也。“玄谓(wei)疵读为(wei)(wei)棘刺之(zhi)刺”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以其入地，故读从(cong)(cong)刺也。云(yun)(yun)“刺，耒(lei)下(xia)前(qian)曲接耜(si)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，耜(si)，谓(wei)耒(lei)头(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)金，故云(yun)(yun)下(xia)前(qian)曲接耜(si)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也。
自其<广此>，缘其外，以至於首，以弦其内，六尺有六寸与步相中也。（缘外六尺有六寸，内弦六尺，应一步之尺数。耕者以田器为度宜。耜异材，不在数中。
○缘，如字，沈悦战反(fan)。中，如字，又(you)丁仲(zhong)反(fan)。应，应对之应。）
[疏]“自其”至“中也”
○释曰：云(yun)(yun)“自其(qi)<广此>，缘其(qi)外，以(yi)(yi)至(zhi)(zhi)於首(shou)”者，据(ju)<广此>下至(zhi)(zhi)手执句(ju)(ju)者，逐(zhu)曲量(liang)(liang)之(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)“以(yi)(yi)弦(xian)其(qi)内(nei)(nei)(nei)”者，据(ju)<广此>面至(zhi)(zhi)句(ju)(ju)，下望(wang)直量(liang)(liang)之(zhi)，故(gu)云(yun)(yun)“以(yi)(yi)弦(xian)其(qi)内(nei)(nei)(nei)”，内(nei)(nei)(nei)，谓(wei)上下两曲之(zhi)内(nei)(nei)(nei)。云(yun)(yun)“六(liu)(liu)尺(chi)有六(liu)(liu)寸(cun)与步(bu)相中(zhong)也(ye)”者，言逐(zhu)曲之(zhi)外，有六(liu)(liu)尺(chi)六(liu)(liu)寸(cun)，今弦(xian)其(qi)内(nei)(nei)(nei)，与步(bu)相中(zhong)。中(zhong)，应也(ye)，谓(wei)正与步(bu)相应。应一步(bu)之(zhi)尺(chi)数。云(yun)(yun)“耕者以(yi)(yi)田器为(wei)度(du)(du)宜”者，在野(ye)度(du)(du)以(yi)(yi)步(bu)，以(yi)(yi)人步(bu)或大或小，恐其(qi)不平，故(gu)以(yi)(yi)六(liu)(liu)尺(chi)之(zhi)耒以(yi)(yi)代步(bu)，以(yi)(yi)量(liang)(liang)地也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“耜(si)异材不在数中(zhong)”者，未(wei)知耜(si)金广狭，要(yao)耒自长六(liu)(liu)尺(chi)，不通耜(si)，若量(liang)(liang)地时，脱去耜(si)而用之(zhi)也(ye)。
坚地欲直<广此>，柔地欲句<广此>。直<广此>则利推，句<广此>则利发。倨句磬折，谓之中地。（中地之耒，其<广此>与直者如磬折，则调矣。调则弦六尺。
○推，如(ru)字(zi)，李汤雷反。）
[疏]“坚地”至“中地”
○释(shi)曰：此(ci)(ci)“直(zhi)<广(guang)此(ci)(ci)>”及“句<广(guang)此(ci)(ci)>”皆不六(liu)尺之度，惟中地之耒合(he)磬折(zhe)(zhe)者(zhe)，乃六(liu)尺之度。故郑云“中地之耒，其<广(guang)此(ci)(ci)>与(yu)直(zhi)者(zhe)如磬折(zhe)(zhe)，则调矣”。调者(zhe)，谓弦六(liu)尺，则馀(yu)句直(zhi)者(zhe)不合(he)六(liu)尺可知也。
车(che)人为(wei)车(che)，柯(ke)长(zhang)三(san)(san)尺，博三(san)(san)寸(cun)，厚一寸(cun)有半，五分其长(zhang)，以其一为(wei)之首(shou)。（首(shou)六(liu)寸(cun)，谓今刚关头斧，柯(ke)其柄也。郑司(si)农(nong)云：“柯(ke)长(zhang)三(san)(san)尺，谓斧柯(ke)，因以为(wei)度(du)。”）
[疏]“车人”至“之首”
○释曰：此车人谓造车之事。凡造作皆用斧，因以量物，故先论斧柄长短及刃之大小也。
○注“首六”至“为度”
○释(shi)曰：云“谓今刚关头斧(fu)”者，汉(han)时斧(fu)近刃，皆以刚铁为之(zhi)，又以柄关孔，即今亦然(ran)，故举汉(han)法为说也。
毂长半柯，其围一柯有半。（大车毂径尺五寸(cun)。）
[疏]注“大车”至“五寸”
○释曰：郑知(zhi)此是大(da)车(che)者(zhe)，此论载辐(fu)牙(ya)，下(xia)柏(bo)车(che)别论毂(gu)(gu)辐(fu)牙(ya)，又(you)柏(bo)车(che)毂(gu)(gu)长以行(xing)山(shan)，此车(che)毂(gu)(gu)短(duan)以行(xing)泽，故知(zhi)此是大(da)车(che)，平地载任者(zhe)也。郑知(zhi)径(jing)尺五(wu)寸者(zhe)，以其围一柯有半，四(si)尺半围三径(jing)一，故知(zhi)径(jing)一尺五(wu)寸也。
辐长一柯有半，其博三寸，厚三之一。（辐厚一寸也。故书“博”或为“抟”，杜子春云：“当为博。”
○抟，徒九反。）渠三柯者三。（渠二丈七尺，谓罔也，其径九尺。郑司农云：“渠谓车柔，所谓牙。”
○牙，五嫁反，李五家反，下同，本(ben)或作迓。）
[疏]注“渠二”至“谓牙”
○释(shi)曰：云“渠二(er)丈(zhang)七尺”者，按(an)上辐长一柯(ke)有(you)半(ban)，两(liang)两(liang)相对，则九尺尚有(you)毂空壶中，於二(er)丈(zhang)七尺不(bu)合者，云辐长一柯(ke)有(you)半(ban)，两(liang)相九尺者，通计毂而(er)言，其实辐无一柯(ke)有(you)半(ban)也(ye)。云“所谓牙”者，谓下(xia)文云“牙围(wei)”也(ye)。
行泽者欲短毂，行山者欲长毂，短毂则利，长毂则安。（泽泥苦其大安，山险苦其大动。
○大(da)，音泰，又菟饿(e)反(fan)，下(xia)同。）
[疏]“行泽”至“则安”
○释曰：此总言大车、柏车所利之事。以大车在平地并行泽，柏车山行，各有所宜也。
○注“释泥”至“大动”
○释曰：此释长毂安，短毂危之事。
行泽者反柔，行山者仄柔，反柔则易，仄柔则完。（故书“仄”为“侧”。郑司农云：“反柔，谓轮柔反其木里，需者在外。释地多泥，柔也。侧当为仄。山地刚，多沙石。”玄谓反柔，为泥之粘，欲得心在外滑。仄柔，为沙石破碎之，欲得表里相依坚刃。
○柔，人(ren)力反(fan)，刘(liu)音(yin)柔。仄，音(yin)侧(ce)。易，以豉反(fan)。需者，人(ren)兖反(fan)。为泥，于伪(wei)反(fan)，下同。）
[疏]“行泽”至“则完”
○释曰：此经言车牙所宜外内坚濡之事。
○注“故书”至“坚刃”
○释曰(yue)：此注(zhu)後郑(zheng)增成先郑(zheng)之义。言“仄柔”者(zhe)，坚(jian)者(zhe)在外，柔者(zhe)在内(nei)，以(yi)其取坚(jian)刃相(xiang)成故也。
六(liu)分其(qi)轮(lun)崇，以其(qi)一(yi)为之(zhi)牙(ya)围。（轮(lun)高，轮(lun)毂也。牙(ya)围尺五(wu)寸。）
[疏]注“轮高”至“五寸”
○释曰(yue)：轮(lun)崇(chong)九(jiu)尺，六尺得一尺，三尺得五寸，故(gu)尺五寸也。
柏车毂长一(yi)柯，其(qi)围二(er)柯，其(qi)辐一(yi)柯，其(qi)渠(qu)二(er)柯者(zhe)三，五分(fen)其(qi)轮崇(chong)，以其(qi)一(yi)为之牙围。（柏车，山(shan)车。轮高六尺，牙围尺二(er)寸。）
[疏]“柏车”至“牙围”
○释曰：此柏车山行，故毂长轮崇又下，皆欲取安故也。“其辐一柯，其渠二柯者三”者，两辐相对六尺。渠围二柯者三，围丈八尺，亦谓通毂空壶中并数而言也。
○注“柏车”至“二寸”
○释(shi)曰(yue)：柏车、山车，对(dui)大车为平地(di)之车也。牙(ya)围尺(chi)(chi)二寸(cun)(cun)者，以其轮崇六尺(chi)(chi)，五分取(qu)(qu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)，五尺(chi)(chi)取(qu)(qu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)尺(chi)(chi)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)尺(chi)(chi)取(qu)(qu)二寸(cun)(cun)，故尺(chi)(chi)二寸(cun)(cun)也。
大车崇三柯，绠寸，牝服二柯有参分柯之二，（大车，平地载任之车，毂长半柯者也。绠，轮。牝服长八尺，谓较也。郑司农云：“牝服，谓连箱。服读为负。”
○绠，方颖反(fan)(fan)。牝，步忍反(fan)(fan)，又扶死反(fan)(fan)，李扶细反(fan)(fan)。服(fu)，音(yin)负。《诗》音(yin)如字。，薄历(li)反(fan)(fan)。较，音(yin)角。）
[疏]注“大车”至“为负”
○释曰：云“大车(che)(che)，平地载任之(zhi)车(che)(che)，毂(gu)长(zhang)(zhang)半(ban)柯者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)，以其上文云毂(gu)长(zhang)(zhang)半(ban)柯，不言(yan)车(che)(che)名(ming)，故(gu)云毂(gu)长(zhang)(zhang)半(ban)柯者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)。云“绠，轮”者(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)(wei)轮之(zhi)四面外一寸则安(an)。言(yan)“牝服”者(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)(wei)车(che)(che)毂(gu)，即今人谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)平鬲，皆有孔，内令子於其中(zhong)，而又向下服，故(gu)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)牝服也(ye)。是以先郑云牝服谓(wei)(wei)车(che)(che)箱。服读为负。以众令所依(yi)负然也(ye)。
羊(yang)车二(er)柯有参分柯之一，（郑司农云：“羊(yang)车，谓车羊(yang)门(men)也(ye)。”玄谓羊(yang)，善也(ye)。善车，若今定张车。较长(zhang)七尺。）
[疏]注“郑司”至“七尺”
○释曰：先郑(zheng)云(yun)“羊(yang)(yang)(yang)车(che)(che)(che)(che)，谓车(che)(che)(che)(che)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)门也(ye)(ye)”者，其言(yan)无所当(dang)，故後郑(zheng)易之也(ye)(ye)。後郑(zheng)云(yun)“羊(yang)(yang)(yang)，善也(ye)(ye)。善车(che)(che)(che)(che)，若今定(ding)张车(che)(che)(che)(che)”，虽(sui)举(ju)当(dang)时(shi)汉法(fa)以晓人，汉世去今久远，亦(yi)未知(zhi)定(ding)张车(che)(che)(che)(che)将何所用，但知(zhi)在(zai)宫内所用，故差小为(wei)之，谓之羊(yang)(yang)(yang)车(che)(che)(che)(che)也(ye)(ye)。按(an)此羊(yang)(yang)(yang)车(che)(che)(che)(che)较长七(qi)尺(chi)，下(xia)柏(bo)车(che)(che)(che)(che)较长六尺(chi)，则(ze)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)车(che)(che)(che)(che)大(da)矣(yi)，而(er)(er)《论语》谓大(da)车(che)(che)(che)(che)为(wei)柏(bo)车(che)(che)(che)(che)、小车(che)(che)(che)(che)为(wei)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)车(che)(che)(che)(che)者，以柏(bo)车(che)(che)(che)(che)皆说毂辐牙(ya)，惟羊(yang)(yang)(yang)车(che)(che)(che)(che)不言(yan)，惟言(yan)较而(er)(er)已，是知(zhi)柏(bo)车(che)(che)(che)(che)较虽(sui)短，毂辐牙(ya)则(ze)长，羊(yang)(yang)(yang)车(che)(che)(che)(che)较虽(sui)长，毂辐牙(ya)则(ze)小，故得小车(che)(che)(che)(che)之名(ming)也(ye)(ye)。
柏车二柯。（较六尺也。柏车轮崇六尺，其绠大半寸(cun)。）
[疏]注“较六”至“半寸”
○释曰(yue)：郑云“柏车(che)轮崇(chong)六(liu)尺(chi)，其绠大半(ban)寸”。知者，以大车(che)轮崇(chong)九(jiu)尺(chi)，绠一(yi)(yi)寸。此柏车(che)轮崇(chong)六(liu)尺(chi)，三分(fen)减一(yi)(yi)。明(ming)柏车(che)输崇(chong)六(liu)尺(chi)。三分(fen)减一(yi)(yi)，其绠亦(yi)宜三分(fen)减一(yi)(yi)，三分(fen)寸之二，即大半(ban)寸也。
凡为辕，三其轮崇，参分其长，二在前，一在後，以凿其钩，彻广六尺，鬲长六尺。（郑司农云：“钩，钩心。鬲，谓辕端，厌牛领者。”
○鬲，沈於革反，刘音隔(ge)。厌，於甲反。）
[疏]“凡为”至“六尺”
○释(shi)曰：云“凡(fan)为辕(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”者(zhe)，言(yan)“凡(fan)”，语广，则(ze)柏(bo)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)、大车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)、羊(yang)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)皆在(zai)(zai)其中。轮(lun)崇(chong)(chong)虽不同，其辕(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)当各自(zi)三其轮(lun)崇(chong)(chong)。假令(ling)柏(bo)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)轮(lun)崇(chong)(chong)六(liu)(liu)尺(chi)(chi)，三之(zhi)(zhi)，为辕(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)丈八尺(chi)(chi)。大车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)轮(lun)崇(chong)(chong)九尺(chi)(chi)，三之(zhi)(zhi)，为辕(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)二(er)丈七尺(chi)(chi)。但羊(yang)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)虽不言(yan)轮(lun)崇(chong)(chong)，亦三之(zhi)(zhi)以为辕(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)也。“彻(che)广六(liu)(liu)尺(chi)(chi)”者(zhe)，不与四马车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)八尺(chi)(chi)者(zhe)同彻(che)。“鬲(li)长六(liu)(liu)尺(chi)(chi)”者(zhe)，以其两辕(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，一(yi)牛在(zai)(zai)辕(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)内，故狭。四马车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)鬲(li)六(liu)(liu)尺(chi)(chi)六(liu)(liu)寸(cun)者(zhe)，以其一(yi)辕(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，两服马在(zai)(zai)辕(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)外，故鬲(li)长也。
弓(gong)人为弓(gong)，取(qu)六材必以(yi)其时。（取(qu)以(yi)冬，取(qu)角(jiao)以(yi)秋(qiu)，丝漆(qi)以(yi)夏。筋胶未闻。）
[疏]注“取”至“未闻”
○释曰：郑知(zhi)“取(qu)以(yi)冬(dong)”者(zhe)，见(jian)《山虞》云(yun)：“仲冬(dong)斩阳木，仲夏(xia)斩阴木。”二时(shi)(shi)俱得斩，但冬(dong)时(shi)(shi)尢(wang)善，故(gu)《月令(ling)·仲冬(dong)》云(yun)“日短至(zhi)伐(fa)木，取(qu)竹箭”注(zhu)云(yun)：“坚成之极时(shi)(shi)。”是知(zhi)冬(dong)善於夏(xia)，故(gu)指冬(dong)而(er)言也。云(yun)“取(qu)角以(yi)秋(qiu)”者(zhe)，下云(yun)“秋(qiu)杀者(zhe)厚”，故(gu)知(zhi)用秋(qiu)也。丝(si)漆以(yi)夏(xia)者(zhe)，夏(xia)时(shi)(shi)丝(si)孰，夏(xia)漆尢(wang)良(liang)，故(gu)知(zhi)也。筋胶(jiao)未闻(wen)。必知(zhi)六材据此六者(zhe)，皆依下文而(er)说也。
六材既聚，巧者和之。（聚犹具也。
○聚(ju)，似主反。）
[疏]“六材”至“和之”
○释曰(yue)：为(wei)弓须此六(liu)材，故云“聚(ju)”。“巧”者，即此弓人之工者也。“和之”，谓春液角夏治(zhi)筋之类也。
也(ye)(ye)者(zhe)，以(yi)为远也(ye)(ye)。角也(ye)(ye)者(zhe)，以(yi)为疾也(ye)(ye)。筋(jin)也(ye)(ye)者(zhe)，以(yi)为深也(ye)(ye)。胶也(ye)(ye)者(zhe)，以(yi)为和也(ye)(ye)。丝(si)也(ye)(ye)者(zhe)，以(yi)为固也(ye)(ye)。漆也(ye)(ye)者(zhe)，以(yi)为受霜露也(ye)(ye)。（六材之(zhi)力，相得而足。）
[疏]注“六材”至“而足”
○释曰(yue)：此一经主论(lun)六(liu)材(cai)在弓，各有(you)所用(yong)，六(liu)材(cai)相得，乃可为足(zu)也。
凡取之道七，柘为上，意次之，桑次之，橘次之，木瓜次之，荆次之，竹为下。（郑司农云：“意读为亿万之亿。《尔雅》曰：‘丑，意’。又曰：‘桑，山桑。’国语曰：‘弧箕ゅ。’”
○意，於力反(fan)，一音意，刘(liu)又乌(wu)克反(fan)。，乌(wu)簟反(fan)。扭(niu)，女丑(chou)反(fan)。ゅ，音服。）
[疏]“凡取”至“为下”
○释曰：此经说弓善恶者也。
○注“郑司”至“箕ゅ”
○释曰：引《国语(yu)》者，彼为幽王宠(chong)褒姒以至亡国，故彼云(yun)“弧箕ゅ，实(shi)亡周国”也。
凡相，欲赤黑而阳声。赤黑则乡心，阳声则远根。（阳犹清也。木之类，近根者奴。
○相，息(xi)亮反(fan)，下(xia)同。乡，许亮反(fan)。远(yuan)，于(yu)万反(fan)，下(xia)“远(yuan)於”同。近，附近之近。）
[疏]注“阳犹”至“者奴”
○释曰：此经(jing)说相善(shan)恶之法。
凡析，射远者用势，射深者用直。（郑司农云：“势谓形势。假令本性自曲，则当反其曲以为弓，故曰审曲面势。”玄谓曲则宜薄，薄则力少。直则可厚，厚则力多。
○射，食亦反，下(xia)同(tong)。）
[疏]注“郑司”至“力多”
○释曰：此(ci)说弓(gong)(gong)力多少(shao)之(zhi)事。“凡析(xi)，射(she)远者用(yong)势(shi)”者，弓(gong)(gong)弱则宜射(she)远，谓(wei)若夹庾之(zhi)类(lei)。云“射(she)深者用(yong)直”者，弓(gong)(gong)直则宜射(she)深，谓(wei)若王弧之(zhi)类(lei)也。此(ci)注後(hou)郑(zheng)增成先郑(zheng)之(zhi)义，先郑(zheng)惟见(jian)随木形(xing)势(shi)而用(yong)之(zhi)，後(hou)郑(zheng)则论(lun)厚薄力多少(shao)之(zhi)法也。二(er)郑(zheng)相兼(jian)乃具。
居之道，栗不，则弓不发。（郑司农云：“读为‘不而’之。栗读为‘榛栗’之栗。谓以锯副析。读为‘倚移从风’之移。谓邪行绝理者，弓发之所从起。”玄谓栗读为“裂”之裂。
○，侧(ce)冀(ji)反，又侧(ce)其反，沈(shen)子冀(ji)反，刘(liu)音(yin)(yin)侧(ce)。栗，音(yin)(yin)烈，李又如字。，羊氏反。不，侧(ce)其反。，音(yin)(yin)馀(yu)。锯，音(yin)(yin)据。副，普逼反。析，星历反。倚，於绮(qi)反。移(yi)，羊氏反。下同(tong)。邪(xie)，似(si)嗟(jie)反。，音(yin)(yin)需。）
[疏]注“郑司”至“之裂”
○释曰：“居”，谓(wei)居处，解析(xi)弓(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法。但栗(li)(li)皆谓(wei)以(yi)(yi)锯剖析(xi)弓(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时，不(bu)(bu)邪失(shi)理(li)，则(ze)弓(gong)後不(bu)(bu)发伤也。先郑(zheng)云(yun)(yun)“读(du)(du)为(wei)不(bu)(bu)而(er)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”，《礼记·坊(fang)记》云(yun)(yun)“不(bu)(bu)”，此即耕，故(gu)《尔雅(ya)》云(yun)(yun)：“田一岁曰，二岁曰新田，三(san)岁曰。”取彼(bi)义(yi)也。云(yun)(yun)“栗(li)(li)读(du)(du)为(wei)榛栗(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)栗(li)(li)”者，《诗》云(yun)(yun)“树之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)榛栗(li)(li)”，栗(li)(li)者，亦取破之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)。“”读(du)(du)为(wei)“倚移从(cong)风”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)移，读(du)(du)从(cong)司马相(xiang)如《上林浮烦云(yun)(yun)“倚移从(cong)风”。玄谓(wei)“栗(li)(li)”读(du)(du)为(wei)“裂(lie)(lie)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)裂(lie)(lie)者，读(du)(du)从(cong)隐元年《左(zuo)氏传》“纪裂(lie)(lie)来逆女(nv)”。彼(bi)裂(lie)(lie)字(zi)子(zi)帛(bo)，则(ze)为(wei)裂(lie)(lie)破衣义(yi)。义(yi)亦与(yu)先郑(zheng)大(da)同(tong)，皆取破义(yi)。但从(cong)裂(lie)(lie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)裂(lie)(lie)，胜从(cong)栗(li)(li)，以(yi)(yi)其栗(li)(li)是栗(li)(li)栗(li)(li)坚硬之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意，於破义(yi)为(wei)疏(shu)，故(gu)从(cong)裂(lie)(lie)也。
凡相角，秋<杀闪>者厚，春<杀闪>者薄。稚牛之角直而泽，老牛之角纟而昔。（郑司农云：“纟读为‘扌缚’之扌，昔读为‘交错’之错，谓牛角角理错也。”玄谓昔读“履错然”之错。
○<杀闪(shan)>，色(se)界反(fan)(fan)(fan)，刘(liu)色(se)例反(fan)(fan)(fan)，下同(tong)(tong)。纟(mi)，刘(liu)徒展(zhan)反(fan)(fan)(fan)，许慎尚(shang)展(zhan)反(fan)(fan)(fan)，又(you)徒展(zhan)反(fan)(fan)(fan)，与(yu)注(zhu)“扌缚(fu)之扌”同(tong)(tong)。角，绞缚(fu)之意。昔，七各反(fan)(fan)(fan)，下同(tong)(tong)。扌缚(fu)，并与(yu)纟(mi)同(tong)(tong)，纟(mi)专，又(you)徒转(zhuan)反(fan)(fan)(fan)。角，才苦反(fan)(fan)(fan)，又(you)七奴反(fan)(fan)(fan)。错(cuo)，七各反(fan)(fan)(fan)，李云郑且若反(fan)(fan)(fan)。）
[疏]注“郑司”至“之错”
○释曰：上文已(yi)言(yan)讫，至此(ci)更宜“相(xiang)角(jiao)”。但以(yi)秋对春，以(yi)稚对老(lao)而(er)(er)言(yan)之(zhi)。“秋<杀闪>者(zhe)厚(hou)”，谓角(jiao)厚(hou)肉少。“春<杀闪>者(zhe)薄”，谓角(jiao)薄肉多。“稚生之(zhi)角(jiao)直(zhi)而(er)(er)泽”，谓角(jiao)直(zhi)而(er)(er)润泽。“老(lao)牛之(zhi)角(jiao)纟(mi)而(er)(er)错(cuo)”者(zhe)，纟(mi)，谓理粗，错(cuo)然不润泽也(ye)。先郑云(yun)“纟(mi)读为(wei)扌缚之(zhi)扌”者(zhe)，未(wei)知读从(cong)何文，盖从(cong)俗(su)读。云(yun)“昔读为(wei)交(jiao)错(cuo)之(zhi)错(cuo)”者(zhe)，读从(cong)《诗(shi)》“献酬(chou)交(jiao)错(cuo)”。“玄谓昔读履错(cuo)然之(zhi)错(cuo)”者(zhe)，读从(cong)《复卦》爻辞(ci)。
疾(ji)险中，（牛有(you)久(jiu)病则角(jiao)里伤。）
[疏]注“牛有”至“里伤”
○释(shi)曰：以“疾”为久病，故云“牛有久病”。险，伤(shang)也。中即(ji)里。谓角里伤(shang)也。
瘠牛之角无泽。（少润气。
○瘠，在亦反。）
[疏]“瘠牛之角无泽”
○释曰：上(shang)云疾谓(wei)久病，即此云“瘠(ji)”者，惟瘦(shou)瘠(ji)，非(fei)病，角则无(wu)润泽(ze)也。
角(jiao)欲青白而丰末。（丰，大也(ye)。）
[疏]注“丰大也”
○释曰：凡牛角善者，按下注(zhu)云“本白(bai)，中青，末丰”。
夫角之末，蹙於[A103]而休於气，是故柔。柔故欲其也。白也者，之徵也。（蹙，近也。休读为煦。郑司农云：“欲其形之自曲，反以为弓。”玄谓色白则。
○夫，音扶(fu)，下皆同(tong)。戚於，子六反，注同(tong)，李又音促，又且六反，[A103]，乃老反，李又作脑。休，音煦，下同(tong)。煦，况付(fu)反，刘音休，下同(tong)。）
[疏]注“蹙近”至“则势”
○释曰：此说角之(zhi)(zhi)势也。言角之(zhi)(zhi)本近於[A103]，得和(he)煦之(zhi)(zhi)气於[A103]，是故柔。柔故欲其形之(zhi)(zhi)自(zi)曲，反是为(wei)势也。然可以(yi)为(wei)弓，夫角色白者，则势之(zhi)(zhi)徵验(yan)也。
夫角之中，恒当弓之畏。畏也者必桡，桡故欲其坚也。青也者，坚之徵也。（故书“畏”作“威”，杜子春云：“当为威。威谓弓渊。角之中央与渊相当。”玄谓畏读如“秦师入隈”之隈。
○畏，乌回反，下(xia)同。）
[疏]注“故书”至“之隈”
○释曰(yue)：此说角之(zhi)坚(jian)也(ye)。子春从(cong)(cong)故(gu)书“威”，後郑不从(cong)(cong)，而(er)为“隈(wei)”者，威谓威仪，不得(de)为曲(qu)中，故(gu)从(cong)(cong)隈(wei)为曲(qu)隈(wei)之(zhi)义。按僖二(er)十(shi)五(wu)年秋(qiu)，秦(qin)晋伐若(ruo)阝，秦(qin)人过(guo)析隈(wei)，郑以为入隈(wei)。
夫角之末，远於[A103]而不休於气，是故色。色故欲其柔也。丰末也者，柔之徵也。（末之大者，[A103]气及煦之。
○色，七岁反(fan)。）
[疏]注“末之”至“煦之”
○释曰：此说角(jiao)欲(yu)丰(feng)末(mo)之意。云(yun)“角(jiao)之末(mo)，远於[A103]於不休(xiu)於气(qi)，是(shi)故(gu)色(se)(se)。色(se)(se)故(gu)欲(yu)其柔也。丰(feng)末(mo)也者(zhe)，柔之徵也”，则末(mo)不丰(feng)者(zhe)色(se)(se)，末(mo)丰(feng)则柔，柔则不色(se)(se)可知，故(gu)郑云(yun)“末(mo)之大者(zhe)，[A103]气(qi)及煦之”。
角长二尺有五寸，三色不失理，谓之牛戴牛。（三色：本白，中青，末丰。郑司农云：“牛戴牛，角直一牛。”）凡相胶，欲朱色而昔。昔也者，深瑕而泽，纟而抟廉。（抟，圜也。廉，瑕严利也。
○抟，徒(tu)丸反(fan)。）
[疏]“角长”至“抟廉”
○释曰：上已相角，次及相胶。此云“欲朱色”，按下“鹿胶青白”已下，惟牛胶火赤，自馀非纯赤，则牛胶为善矣。“纟而抟廉”者，谓有纟理而抟圜，又廉瑕严利。
○注“抟圜”至“利也”
○释曰(yue)：胶之(zhi)(zhi)性，皆抟圜也。廉瑕(xia)二者，俱是严利(li)之(zhi)(zhi)状(zhuang)。
鹿胶(jiao)青白(bai)，马(ma)胶(jiao)赤白(bai)，牛胶(jiao)火(huo)赤，鼠胶(jiao)黑，鱼(yu)胶(jiao)饵，犀胶(jiao)黄。（皆谓煮用其皮，或用角。饵，色如饵。）
[疏]注“皆谓”至“如饵”
○释曰：云(yun)“煮(zhu)用其皮(pi)，或用角(jiao)”者，经惟(wei)鹿用皮(pi)亦用角(jiao)，今人鹿犹用角(jiao)，自馀皆(jie)用皮(pi)。云(yun)“饵，色如(ru)饵”者，时(shi)有饵之色，故从之也。
凡昵之类不能方。（郑司农云：“谓胶善戾。”故书“昵”或作“枳”。杜子春云：“枳读为不义不昵之昵，或为<黍刀>。<黍刀>，黏也。”玄谓枳脂膏直败之直，直亦黏也。
○昵，女(nv)乙反(fan)，又音职。枳，音职。<黍刀>，女(nv)乙反(fan)，《尔雅(ya)》云：“胶也(ye)(ye)”，刘(liu)沈(shen)并音刃。直，音职，吕(lv)、沈(shen)云：“膏(gao)，败也(ye)(ye)。”）
[疏]注“郑司”至“黏也”
○释曰(yue)：子春云(yun)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)义不(bu)(bu)(bu)昵(ni)(ni)”者，按隐元年，郑大(da)叔段为(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)义，庄(zhuang)公曰(yue)：“不(bu)(bu)(bu)义不(bu)(bu)(bu)昵(ni)(ni)，厚(hou)将崩(beng)。”彼不(bu)(bu)(bu)昵(ni)(ni)为(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)亲(qin)兄，则昵(ni)(ni)为(wei)(wei)亲(qin)近不(bu)(bu)(bu)相舍离(li)。後郑以(yi)为(wei)(wei)还从(cong)古书“枳”音，故转为(wei)(wei)脂膏败直(zhi)之(zhi)直(zhi)。若(ruo)今人头(tou)发有脂膏者则谓之(zhi)直(zhi)，直(zhi)亦黏也。
凡相筋，欲小简而长，大结而泽。小简而长，大结而泽，则其为兽必剽，以为弓，则岂异於其兽。（剽，疾也。郑司农云：“简读为‘扌间然登陴’之扌间”。玄谓读如“简札”之简，谓筋条也。
○剽，芳妙反(fan)。戚，芳昭反(fan)，或(huo)扶召反(fan)，後同。扌间，下板反(fan)，或(huo)胡(hu)简(jian)反(fan)。陴(pi)，婢支(zhi)反(fan)，刘蒲(pu)佳反(fan)，又房卑反(fan)。）
[疏]“凡相”至“其兽”
○释曰：上已相角胶，次及相筋。言此筋之兽剽疾，为弓亦剽疾，故云“岂异於其兽”也。
○注“剽疾”至“条也”
○释曰(yue)：先(xian)郑云“简读(du)(du)为(wei)扌间(jian)(jian)然登(deng)陴之(zhi)扌间(jian)(jian)”者，读(du)(du)从(cong)《左氏传》也。义无所取(qu)。“玄(xuan)谓读(du)(du)如简札(zha)(zha)之(zhi)简，谓筋(jin)条也”，竹简一(yi)片为(wei)一(yi)札(zha)(zha)，此筋(jin)条亦有简别，故读(du)(du)从(cong)之(zhi)也。
筋欲敝之敝，（郑司农云：“嚼之当孰。”
○敝，婢(bi)世反，徐扶哲(zhe)反。嚼，才略(lve)反。）
[疏]注“郑司”至“当孰”
○释曰：筋之(zhi)椎打嚼啮(nie)，欲(yu)得(de)劳(lao)敝，故(gu)云“嚼之(zhi)当孰”也。
漆欲测，（郑司农云：“测读为恻隐之恻。”玄谓恻读如测度之测，测犹清也。
○隐，本或作忄隐，同。度(du)，徒洛(luo)反。）
[疏]“漆欲测”
○释曰：先郑云“测读为恻隐(yin)(yin)之恻”，此(ci)恻隐(yin)(yin)为痛切(qie)义，非漆(qi)之善(shan)状，故後郑以为测度之测。测，清(qing)也，从水义，取(qu)漆(qi)为良也。
丝欲沈。（如在水中时色(se)。）
[疏]注“如在水中时色”
○释(shi)曰：言“丝欲沈”，则据乾燥时(shi)色，还如在水(shui)(shui)氵柬(jian)之色，故(gu)云“如在水(shui)(shui)中时(shi)色”。
得此六(liu)材之全(quan)，然後可以为良(liang)。（全(quan)，无(wu)瑕病。良(liang)，善也。）
[疏]注“全无”至“善也”
○释曰：“全(quan)，无瑕(xia)病(bing)(bing)”者(zhe)，、角、胶(jiao)、筋、漆、丝六材，皆令善(shan)而无瑕(xia)病(bing)(bing)，然後为善(shan)也。
凡为弓，冬析而春液角，夏治筋，秋合三材。（三材，胶、丝、漆。郑司农云：“液读为。”
○液，音亦，下同。，音亦，刘、沈音释，下同。）
[疏]注“三材”至“为”
○释(shi)曰：凡治(zhi)弓材(cai)，各於(wu)其时。言秋合(he)三(san)材(cai)胶、漆、丝，则、角、筋须三(san)材(cai)乃合(he)，则秋是(shi)作(zuo)弓之时，故(gu)(gu)至冬(dong)寒而定体也。郑(zheng)知三(san)材(cai)是(shi)胶、漆、丝者，以(yi)经既言、角及筋，六材(cai)之中惟少胶、漆、丝，故(gu)(gu)知三(san)材(cai)谓此也。先郑(zheng)“液”读为(wei)“”者，是(shi)酒之，亦(yi)是(shi)渍液之义，故(gu)(gu)读从之也。
寒奠体，（奠读为定。至冬胶坚，内之檠中，定往来体。
○奠，读为(wei)定，下同。檠，音景。）
[疏]注“奠读”至“来体”
○释(shi)曰：檠(qing)，谓弓匣。至寒胶(jiao)坚(jian)而(er)牢，故(gu)“内之檠(qing)中，定往来体(ti)(ti)”，则六弓往体(ti)(ti)来体(ti)(ti)多少者(zhe)是也。
冰析氵爵。（大寒中，下於檠中，复内之。
○氵(shui)爵(jue)，子召反。复，扶又反。）
[疏]注“大寒”至“内之”
○释曰：十二月(yue)小(xiao)寒(han)节，大寒(han)中，是冰盛(sheng)之时，故(gu)以大寒(han)解冰也(ye)。云“下(xia)於(wu)檠(qing)中，复内之”者，谓(wei)复加(jia)上寒(han)奠体内之於(wu)檠(qing)中相似。但上内为(wei)定体而内，此为(wei)析氵(shui)爵而内之，所为(wei)有异，故(gu)别言也(ye)。
冬析则易，（理滑致。
○易，以豉(chi)反(fan)。致，直致反(fan)，下“言致”同。）
[疏]“冬析则易”
○释曰：自此(ci)已下，重释上文各以(yi)其时之意。
春液角则(ze)(ze)合(he)，（合(he)读为洽。）夏治筋(jin)则(ze)(ze)不(bu)烦(fan)，（烦(fan)，乱。）秋合(he)三材则(ze)(ze)合(he)，（合(he)，坚(jian)密(mi)也。）寒奠体则(ze)(ze)张不(bu)流(liu)，（流(liu)犹移也。）
[疏]注“流犹移也”
○释曰：体既定，则後用时虽张不(bu)流(liu)移，谓不(bu)失往(wang)来之体也。
冰析氵爵则审环，（审犹(you)定也(ye)。）
[疏]注“审犹定也”
○释(shi)曰：纳之檠中，析(xi)其漆氵爵，其漆之氵爵环则定，後不鼓动，故冰析(xi)之也。
春被弦则一年之事。（期岁乃可用。
○被(bei)，皮寄反。）
[疏]注“期岁乃可用”
○释曰：通春被(bei)弦，则(ze)二年之事，而云一年者，据冰析(xi)氵爵已前为一年，春被(bei)弦是(shi)用时(shi)，不数(shu)也。
析必伦，（顺其理也。）析角无邪，（亦正之。
○邪，似嗟反。）斫目必荼。（郑司农云：“荼读为舒，舒，徐也。目，节目。”
○荼，音(yin)舒(shu)，下同。）
[疏]注“郑司”至“节目”
○释曰(yue)：按《礼记·学记》云(yun)：“善问者如攻坚木，先(xian)其(qi)易者，後其(qi)节目(mu)。”是斫目(mu)必徐之义也。
斫目不荼，则及其大也，筋代之受病。（犹久也。）
[疏]“总目”至“受病”
○释曰：“筋代(dai)之受(shou)病”者，以筋在(zai)弓(gong)，皆(jie)以为力(li)(li)，必须(xu)筋相得。今(jin)弓(gong)有(you)节(jie)目，用(yong)(yong)力(li)(li)不得其所，则不用(yong)(yong)力(li)(li)，故筋代(dai)受(shou)病，以其偏用(yong)(yong)力(li)(li)故也。
夫目也者必强，强者在内而摩其筋，夫筋之所由と，恒由此作。（摩犹隐也。故书“筋”或作“蓟”。郑司农云：“当为筋。と读为‘车と’之と。”玄谓と，绝起也。
○と，昌廉反，注同。）
[疏]注“摩犹”至“起也”
○释(shi)曰：此(ci)还重释(shi)筋不得所之(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)。先郑读(du)“と为车(che)と之(zhi)(zhi)と”者，《卫诗》云(yun)“渐车(che)惟(wei)裳”，《昏礼》亦云(yun)“妇(fu)事亦如(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)有(you)衤炎”，故读(du)从之(zhi)(zhi)。後郑云(yun)“と，绝起(qi)也”者，由(you)绝起(qi)则廉と然也。
故角三液而再液。（重治之，使相称。
○重(zhong)，直(zhi)龙反。称，尺证反，下“各(ge)称”同。）
[疏]注“重治之相称”
○释曰：或三液(ye)、再(zai)液(ye)不等者，角须三液(ye)，须再(zai)液(ye)，乃得相称。
厚其{如巾}则木坚，薄其{如巾}则需，（需谓不充满。郑司农云：“{如巾}读为‘襦有衣絮’之絮。{如巾}谓弓中裨。”
○{如巾}，女(nv)居(ju)反。需，人(ren)兖(yan)反，下注“罢需”同。襦(ru)，刘音(yin)须(xu)，沈音(yin)襦(ru)，本(ben)亦作(zuo)衤专。絮，本(ben)亦作(zuo){如巾}，《周易》作(zuo)衤如，皆女(nv)居(ju)反。裨(bi)，符支反，又音(yin)卑。）
[疏]注“需谓”至“中裨”
○释(shi)曰：“需谓不充满(man)”者，需襦不进(jin)，故为不充满(man)。谓“弓中裨(bi)”者，造弓之法，弓虽(sui)用整木，仍於上裨(bi)之，乃得调(diao)也。
是故(gu)厚其液而(er)节(jie)(jie)其{如巾}。（厚犹多也(ye)。节(jie)(jie)犹也(ye)。）
[疏]注“厚犹”至“也”
○释曰：多其(qi)液者，谓角其(qi)裨须节厚薄得所也。
约之不皆约，疏数必侔。（不皆约，缠之缴不相次也。皆约则弓{如巾}。侔犹均也。
○数(shu)，音朔(shuo)。侔，莫(mo)侯反，或亡又反。缴，不音灼。）
[疏]注“不皆”至“均也”
○释曰：“约(yue)”，谓以丝胶横缠之，今之弓(gong)犹然(ran)。云(yun)不(bu)(bu)皆约(yue)，谓不(bu)(bu)次(ci)比(bi)为(wei)之。疏数必(bi)侔，约(yue)之多少(shao)，须稀疏必(bi)均也(ye)。
斫挚(zhi)必中，胶之必均(jun)。（挚(zhi)之言致也。中犹均(jun)也。）
[疏]“斫挚”至“必均”
○释(shi)曰：斫厚薄，必调(diao)均为之(zhi)。施胶(jiao)亦均，不得(de)偏厚也。自此以下，说(shuo)弓之(zhi)隈里施胶(jiao)之(zhi)事(shi)。云摩其角(jiao)，谓(wei)不均而有高下，则摩其角(jiao)。
斫挚不中，胶之不均，则及其大也，角代之受病。夫怀胶於内而摩其角，夫角之所由挫，恒由此作。（不均则角蹴折也。
○挫，子卧反(fan)。蹴，子六反(fan)。）
[疏]注“不”至“折也”
○释曰：此(ci)总释经(jing)“角代(dai)之受(shou)病(bing)”及“角之所由(you)挫”二事(shi)者也(ye)。
凡居角，长者以次需。（当弓之隈也，长短各称其，短者居箫。
○隈，乌回反。）
[疏]注“当弓”至“居箫”
○释曰：云(yun)“长短各(ge)称其”，复云(yun)“短者居箫”，箫谓两头，则长者自然(ran)在隈内(nei)可知。
恒角而短，是谓逆桡，引之则纵，释之则不校。（郑司农云：“恒，读为ㄌ之ㄌ。”玄谓恒读为扌恒，扌恒，竟也。竟其角，而短于渊，引之，角纵不用力，若欲反桡然。校，疾也。既不用力，放之又不疾。
○恒(heng)，古(gu)(gu)邓反，又如字，下同。校，古(gu)(gu)卯反，注(zhu)及下同。，音督。ㄌ，古(gu)(gu)邓反，或古(gu)(gu)登反，沈又居肯(ken)反。扌(shou)恒(heng)，古(gu)(gu)邓反。）
[疏]注“郑司”至“不疾”
○释曰(yue)：竟角而短，谓施角竟满(man)两畔(pan)，而上下短於隈者(zhe)也(ye)。云(yun)“是谓逆桡”者(zhe)，被弦引(yin)之时，以(yi)角宽而短引(yin)之角纵(zong)，不用力，若(ruo)欲反桡然，故云(yun)“引(yin)之则纵(zong)”也(ye)。“释之则不校(xiao)”者(zhe)，角所以(yi)放矢，今(jin)角不用力，故释放之不校(xiao)疾(ji)也(ye)。
恒角而达，譬如终绁，非弓之利也。（达谓长於渊，若达於箫头。绁，弓<韦必>。角过渊接，则送矢太疾，若见绁於<韦必>矣。弓有<韦必>者，为发弦时备频伤。《诗》云“竹<韦必>绲”。
○辟(pi)如，音譬，下注“变(bian)辟(pi)”同(tong)，或房赤反(fan)。绁(xie)，息列反(fan)，弓(gong)<韦(wei)必>也。<韦(wei)必>，音秘，又补(bu)结反(fan)。为，于伪(wei)反(fan)。绲(gun)，古本反(fan)，刘(liu)古魂反(fan)。滕，本又作(zuo)，徒登反(fan)。）
[疏]注“达谓”至“绲”
○释曰：先郑上(shang)读为(wei)(wei)ㄌ之ㄌ者，从俗也(ye)。此弓(gong)(gong)非直两畔角(jiao)满，读之为(wei)(wei)扌(shou)恒角(jiao)，而(er)角(jiao)又上(shang)下长於渊，如达於箫(xiao)头。若然(ran)，则“譬如终(zhong)绁(xie)”，绁(xie)，谓(wei)弓(gong)(gong)<韦必>，谓(wei)弓(gong)(gong)在<韦必>中然(ran)，非弓(gong)(gong)之利(li)。引(yin)《诗(shi)》云“竹<韦必>绲”者，绲，绳。，系(xi)约之也(ye)。以(yi)竹为(wei)(wei)<韦必>，发弦时(shi)，裨於弓(gong)(gong)之背上(shang)，又绳横系(xi)之，使相著。<韦必>与弓(gong)(gong)为(wei)(wei)力，备顿伤也(ye)。
今夫茭解中有变焉，故扌交。（郑司农云：“茭读为‘激发’之激。茭，谓弓檠也。校读为‘绞而婉’之绞。”玄谓茭读如“齐人名手足为”之。茭解，谓接中也。变，谓箫臂用力异。校，疾也。
○茭，司(si)农古历反(fan)(fan)(fan)，郑户卯反(fan)(fan)(fan)。解，户卖反(fan)(fan)(fan)，注同(tong)。茭读，音交，下“茭”亦同(tong)。激(ji)，古历反(fan)(fan)(fan)。，乌唤反(fan)(fan)(fan)。，户卯反(fan)(fan)(fan)。臂，如(ru)字，下文(wen)同(tong)，本或作辟，一音房赤(chi)反(fan)(fan)(fan)。）
[疏]“今夫”至“故校”
○释曰：记人别起义端，故言“今夫”。言“茭解中”，谓弓隈与弓箫角接之处。云“有变”者，即异也，谓弓箫与臂用力异。异者，引之则臂中用力，放矢则箫用力。既用力异，故绞，绞，谓矢去疾也。
○注“郑司”至“疾也”
○释曰：先郑(zheng)(zheng)读(du)“茭(jiao)”为(wei)“激(ji)(ji)发”之(zhi)“激(ji)(ji)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，当(dang)时(shi)有激(ji)(ji)发之(zhi)语(yu)，故从俗读(du)之(zhi)。云“茭(jiao)谓弓檠也”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)据用(yong)时(shi)，辄言弓檠，於义不合，後郑(zheng)(zheng)不从之(zhi)。云“绞(jiao)”读(du)为(wei)“绞(jiao)而婉”之(zhi)“绞(jiao)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，按昭元年《左氏传》，虢之(zhi)会，楚公子(zi)围设(she)服离卫，叔孙穆子(zi)曰：“楚公子(zi)美矣，君(jun)哉。”退(tui)会，子(zi)羽(yu)谓子(zi)皮(pi)曰：“叔孙绞(jiao)而婉。”故读(du)从之(zhi)。此(ci)後郑(zheng)(zheng)增成其义。玄(xuan)谓“茭(jiao)”读(du)如“齐(qi)人名(ming)手足为(wei)”之(zhi)“”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，时(shi)齐(qi)人有名(ming)手足节间为(wei)茭(jiao)，取(qu)弓隈与箫角相(xiang)接，名(ming)茭(jiao)也。
於挺臂中有付焉，故剽。（挺，直也。付，侧骨。剽亦疾也。郑司农云：“剽读为‘湖漂絮’之漂。”
○挺，敕(chi)顶反(fan)(fan)，注同，或徒冷反(fan)(fan)。付(fu)，方辅反(fan)(fan)，下同。湖，音胡(hu)。漂(piao)，匹妙反(fan)(fan)。絮，相预(yu)反(fan)(fan)。）
[疏]注“挺直”至“之漂”
○释(shi)曰：直臂中(zhong)，正(zheng)谓(wei)弓把处(chu)(chu)。“有付焉(yan)”者，谓(wei)角弓於(wu)把处(chu)(chu)两畔有侧骨(gu)。骨(gu)坚强，所以与弓为(wei)力，故(gu)剽疾也。先郑云“剽”读为(wei)“湖漂絮”之(zhi)“漂”者，时(shi)有此语，从俗读之(zhi)。
恒角而达，引如终绁，非弓之利。（重明达角之不利。变譬言引，字之误。
○引，音譬。重，直用反。）挢欲孰於火而无赢，挢角欲孰於火而无覃，引筋欲尽而无伤其力，鬻胶欲孰而水火相得，然则居旱亦不动，居湿亦不动。（赢，过孰也。覃，炙烂也。不动者，谓弓也。故书“覃”或作“朕”，郑司农云：“字从覃。”
○挢，居兆反，刘枯老(lao)反，沈古了反。覃，音(yin)潜，又音(yin)寻，或大含反。鬻，章吕反。）
[疏]“挢”至“不动”
○释曰：此一经，明料理、角、筋、胶(jiao)四者(zhe)，得所(suo)(suo)不(bu)得所(suo)(suo)之事。不(bu)言漆丝者(zhe)，用力少，故(gu)不(bu)言也。
苟有贱工，必因角之湿以为之柔。善者在外，动者在内，虽善於外，必动於内，虽善，亦弗可以为良矣。（苟，愉也。湿犹生也。
○愉，吐(tu)侯反(fan)，或吐(tu)豆(dou)反(fan)。）
[疏]“苟有”至“良矣”
○释曰：此(ci)经(jing)说弓(gong)须外内皆善(shan)，不(bu)得外善(shan)内恶(e)者(zhe)也。
凡为弓，方其峻而高其付，长其畏而薄其敝，宛之无已，应。（宛，谓引之也。引之不休止，常应弦，言不罢需也。峻，谓箫也。郑司农云：“敝读为‘蔽塞’之蔽，谓弓人所握持者。”
○畏，乌回反(fan)。敝，读为(wei)蔽，必世反(fan)，刘(liu)又博(bo)婿反(fan)。宛，於阮反(fan)。应(ying)，应(ying)对之应(ying)，注下皆同。罢，音皮。）
[疏]“凡为”至“已应”
○释曰：“方(fang)其(qi)峻(jun)(jun)”，峻(jun)(jun)，谓箫，箫宜方(fang)为(wei)(wei)之。“而(er)高(gao)(gao)其(qi)付”，付，把中，高(gao)(gao)对方(fang)，则此(ci)高(gao)(gao)者谓为(wei)(wei)付骨，宜高(gao)(gao)为(wei)(wei)之。“长(zhang)其(qi)隈”，谓付之上(shang)下，宜长(zhang)为(wei)(wei)之。“而(er)薄其(qi)敝”，敝，谓人所握持(chi)，手蔽之处，宜薄为(wei)(wei)之。有此(ci)四善，故(gu)引之无休止而(er)应弦，故(gu)云“宛之无已(yi)”，应谓常用而(er)不(bu)就弦也。
下付之弓，末应将兴。（末，犹箫也。兴，犹动也，发也。弓付卑，箫应弦则付将动。
○卑，刘音(yin)婢。）
[疏]注“末犹”至“将动”
○释曰：言“下付”者，犹把骨大下，为之(zhi)，由弓(gong)隈(wei)下短，故箫应(ying)弦，则将动发也。
为付而发，必动於<杀闪>。（<杀闪>接中。
○<杀(sha)闪>，色界反，刘(liu)色例反，注下同。）
[疏]注“<杀闪>接中”
○释(shi)曰：此重释(shi)上文“末应将(jiang)兴”。若如上为付而发动，则接中亦动也。
弓而羽<杀闪>，末应将发。（羽读为扈，扈，缓也。接中动则缓，缓箫应弦，则角将发。
○羽，音户。）
[疏]注“羽读”至“将发”
○释曰(yue)：破(po)“羽(yu)”为“扈(hu)”者，羽(yu)於弓(gong)义(yi)无所取(qu)，故(gu)破(po)从(cong)扈(hu)也(ye)。必知(zhi)此(ci)有缓义(yi)者，以其上文云(yun)“必动於<杀(sha)闪>”，故(gu)知(zhi)此(ci)云(yun)羽(yu)<杀(sha)闪>者，当从(cong)缓<杀(sha)闪>。
弓有六材焉，维强之，张如流水。（无难易也。
○易，以豉反，下同。）
[疏]注“无难易也”
○释曰：弓(gong)有六材，惟以(yi)为(wei)强者(zhe)，以(yi)其外(wai)五材，当依而有，以(yi)为(wei)本，故(gu)指为(wei)强。“张如流水(shui)”者(zhe)，以(yi)得(de)所，以(yi)制五材，故(gu)张如流水(shui)无(wu)难易(yi)，无(wu)难易(yi)，则(ze)强弱得(de)所也。
维体(ti)防(fang)之，引之中(zhong)参。（体(ti)，谓内(nei)之於檠中(zhong)，定(ding)其体(ti)。防(fang)，深(shen)浅所止。谓体(ti)定(ding)张之，弦(xian)居一尺，引之又二尺。）
[疏]注“体谓”至“二尺”
○释曰：云“体(ti)(ti)(ti)谓内之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於檠(qing)中，定其(qi)体(ti)(ti)(ti)”者，此亦(yi)谓内之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)檠(qing)中则往(wang)来(lai)体(ti)(ti)(ti)定，体(ti)(ti)(ti)定然後(hou)防(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。防(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者，郑(zheng)云“深浅所(suo)止(zhi)”，若(ruo)(ruo)王弧(hu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弓(gong)，往(wang)体(ti)(ti)(ti)寡(gua)，来(lai)体(ti)(ti)(ti)多(duo)(duo)，弛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乃(nai)有(you)五寸(cun)，张之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一尺(chi)五寸(cun)。夹、庾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弓(gong)，往(wang)体(ti)(ti)(ti)多(duo)(duo)，来(lai)体(ti)(ti)(ti)寡(gua)者，弛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一尺(chi)五寸(cun)，张之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)得五寸(cun)。唐(tang)(tang)弓(gong)、大(da)弓(gong)，往(wang)来(lai)体(ti)(ti)(ti)若(ruo)(ruo)一者，弛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一尺(chi)，张之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亦(yi)一尺(chi)。是防(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)深浅所(suo)止(zhi)。云“谓体(ti)(ti)(ti)定张之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，弦(xian)居一尺(chi)，引之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)又二(er)尺(chi)”者，此据唐(tang)(tang)、大(da)中者而(er)言，馀四者，弛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)张之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)虽多(duo)(duo)少(shao)不同(tong)，及其(qi)引之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)皆三尺(chi)，以其(qi)矢长三尺(chi)，须满故也。
维角[B12M]之，欲宛而无负弦。引之如环，释之无失体，如环。（负弦，辟戾也。负弦则不如环。如环亦谓无难易。郑司农云：“[B12M]读如[B12N]距之[B12N]，车之[B12N]。”
○[B12M]，直庚反(fan)(fan)，或之亮反(fan)(fan)，又诗尚反(fan)(fan)，注同(tong)，沈云或音堂，非。辟，刘必亦反(fan)(fan)，众家皆(jie)四(si)亦反(fan)(fan)。）
[疏]注“负弦”至“之[B12N]”
○释(shi)曰：云(yun)(yun)“维角(jiao)[B12M]之(zhi)(zhi)”，[B12M]，正也(ye)(ye)(ye)，谓(wei)置角(jiao)於(wu)隈(wei)中既正。云(yun)(yun)“欲宛而无(wu)负弦(xian)”者(zhe)，引之(zhi)(zhi)弓体不辟(pi)戾故也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“引之(zhi)(zhi)如环(huan)(huan)”者(zhe)，亦(yi)由无(wu)负弦(xian)故也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“释(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)无(wu)失体，如环(huan)(huan)”者(zhe)，谓(wei)放矢後无(wu)失体，得如环(huan)(huan)然。先郑(zheng)云(yun)(yun)“[B12M]”读(du)如“[B12N]距”之(zhi)(zhi)“[B12N]”，[B12N]距，取其正也(ye)(ye)(ye)。“车[B12N]之(zhi)(zhi)[B12N]”，谓(wei)车奇之(zhi)(zhi)木(mu)，亦(yi)取正也(ye)(ye)(ye)。
材美，工巧，为之时，谓之参均。角不胜，不胜筋，谓之参均。量其力有三均。均者三，谓之九和。（有三读为“又参”。量其力又参均者，谓若胜一石，加角而胜二石，被筋而胜三石，引之中三尺。假令弓力胜三石，引之中三尺，弛其弦，以绳缓擐之，每加物一石，则张一尺。故书“胜”或作“称”，郑司农云：“当言‘称’，‘谓之不参均’。”玄谓不胜，无负也。
○胜，音升，下注同。被，皮寄反。擐，户(hu)串反，刘郭大(da)反。）
[疏]注“有三”至“负也”
○释(shi)曰：云(yun)(yun)“有(you)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)读(du)为又(you)(you)(you)参(can)(can)”者(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)经上(shang)文已(yi)云(yun)(yun)参(can)(can)均(jun)(jun)，此(ci)(ci)云(yun)(yun)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)均(jun)(jun)，故宜被(bei)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)为参(can)(can)也。上(shang)已(yi)二文参(can)(can)均(jun)(jun)，此(ci)(ci)文加(jia)(jia)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)参(can)(can)均(jun)(jun)，当云(yun)(yun)又(you)(you)(you)参(can)(can)均(jun)(jun)，故破(po)“有(you)”为“又(you)(you)(you)”也。云(yun)(yun)“量(liang)其力(li)(li)(li)，又(you)(you)(you)参(can)(can)均(jun)(jun)者(zhe)(zhe)，谓若胜(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)，加(jia)(jia)角(jiao)而(er)(er)胜(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)二石(shi)(shi)(shi)，被(bei)筋而(er)(er)胜(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)石(shi)(shi)(shi)，引之中(zhong)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)”者(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)言(yan)谓弓未成时，未有(you)角(jiao)，称(cheng)(cheng)之胜(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)。後又(you)(you)(you)按(an)角(jiao)，胜(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)二石(shi)(shi)(shi)，後更(geng)被(bei)筋，称(cheng)(cheng)之即胜(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)石(shi)(shi)(shi)。引之中(zhong)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)者(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)据(ju)、角(jiao)、筋三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)者(zhe)(zhe)具，总(zong)称(cheng)(cheng)物(wu)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)石(shi)(shi)(shi)，得三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)。若据(ju)初空时，称(cheng)(cheng)物(wu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)，亦三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)。更(geng)加(jia)(jia)角(jiao)，称(cheng)(cheng)物(wu)二石(shi)(shi)(shi)，亦三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)。又(you)(you)(you)被(bei)筋，称(cheng)(cheng)物(wu)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)石(shi)(shi)(shi)，亦三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)。郑又(you)(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)“假令弓力(li)(li)(li)胜(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)石(shi)(shi)(shi)，引之中(zhong)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)”者(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)即三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)石(shi)(shi)(shi)力(li)(li)(li)弓也。必知弓力(li)(li)(li)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)石(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)，当“弛其弦，以(yi)(yi)(yi)绳(sheng)缓擐之”者(zhe)(zhe)，谓不张(zhang)之，别以(yi)(yi)(yi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)条绳(sheng)系两箫，乃加(jia)(jia)物(wu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)，张(zhang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，二石(shi)(shi)(shi)，张(zhang)二石(shi)(shi)(shi)，三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)石(shi)(shi)(shi)，张(zhang)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，则与前三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)角(jiao)筋力(li)(li)(li)各一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)也。先郑从古书(shu)为“称(cheng)(cheng)”者(zhe)(zhe)，欲以(yi)(yi)(yi)不称(cheng)(cheng)为不参(can)(can)均(jun)(jun)。後郑不从者(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)胜(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)即彼(bi)负，此(ci)(ci)不胜(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)即彼(bi)不负，故为不胜(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)解之。
九和之弓，角与权，筋三侔，胶三锊，丝三邸，漆三<臾斗>。上工以有馀，下工以不足。（权，平也。侔，犹等也。角既平，筋三而又与角等也。锊，钅爰也。邸<臾斗>轻重未闻。
○侔，本又作牟，亦作牟，同，莫侯(hou)反，侔等也。锊(lve)，色劣反，又音劣。邸(di)，丁礼反，或丁计反。<臾斗>，羊主反。钅爰，音环，又于卷反。）
[疏]注“权平”至“未闻”
○释(shi)曰：此说上九和之(zhi)(zhi)弓，轻(qing)重相参，不(bu)可妄为加减之(zhi)(zhi)事。云(yun)“锊(lve)，钅(jin)爰也”者(zhe)，《尚(shang)书》云(yun)“其罚百(bai)钅(jin)爰”之(zhi)(zhi)等，言钅(jin)爰，此与《冶氏》言锊(lve)，锊(lve)与钅(jin)爰为一(yi)物，皆是六(liu)两大半两也。“邸<臾(yu)斗>之(zhi)(zhi)轻(qing)重未闻”，经既无文，故云(yun)未闻也。
为天子之弓，合九而成规。为诸侯之弓，合七而成规。大夫之弓，合五而成规。士之弓，合三而成规。（材长则句少也。
○合，如字，一音ト，下同(tong)。）
[疏]注“材长则句少也”
○释曰：此(ci)据角弓(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)形不(bu)张而言。按下文及(ji)《司弓(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)矢》，六(liu)弓(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)为三等(deng)，王弓(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)弧弓(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，往体寡来(lai)体多，当(dang)此(ci)天子弓(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)合九成(cheng)(cheng)规(gui)。唐弓(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)大(da)(da)弓(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，往来(lai)体若(ruo)一(yi)，当(dang)此(ci)诸侯弓(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)合七成(cheng)(cheng)规(gui)。夹弓(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)庾(yu)弓(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，往体多来(lai)体寡，当(dang)此(ci)大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)之弓(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)合五成(cheng)(cheng)规(gui)。於(wu)彼六(liu)弓(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)已尽，此(ci)别(bie)云士合三成(cheng)(cheng)规(gui)，则六(liu)弓(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之外弊恶之弓(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。按《大(da)(da)射》与(yu)《乡(xiang)射》，大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)士同(tong)射五十步(bu)侯，又同(tong)用(yong)夹庾(yu)，无士用(yong)合三成(cheng)(cheng)规(gui)之弓(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。於(wu)此(ci)言之者，六(liu)弓(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)通弊弓(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)有四等(deng)，故弊弓(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)暂记士而言，其实士不(bu)用(yong)合三成(cheng)(cheng)规(gui)之弓(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)也。材良(liang)则句(ju)少，据王、弧及(ji)唐、大(da)(da)已上而言也。
弓长(zhang)六尺(chi)有六寸，谓(wei)之上制(zhi)(zhi)，上士服(fu)(fu)之。弓长(zhang)六尺(chi)有三寸，谓(wei)之中(zhong)制(zhi)(zhi)，中(zhong)士服(fu)(fu)之。弓长(zhang)六尺(chi)，谓(wei)之下制(zhi)(zhi)，下士服(fu)(fu)之。（人各(ge)以(yi)其形(xing)貌大(da)小服(fu)(fu)此弓。）
[疏]“弓长”至“服之”
○释(shi)曰：此以(yi)(yi)弓(gong)有(you)长(zhang)短三等，人亦有(you)长(zhang)短三等，而言取其(qi)弓(gong)与人相(xiang)称之(zhi)事(shi)。此上士(shi)、中士(shi)、下(xia)士(shi)，以(yi)(yi)长(zhang)者为(wei)上士(shi)，次者为(wei)中士(shi)，短者为(wei)下(xia)士(shi)，皆(jie)非命士(shi)者，故郑云“人各(ge)以(yi)(yi)其(qi)形貌大小服此弓(gong)”也。
凡(fan)为(wei)弓，各(ge)因其君(jun)之躬(gong)志(zhi)虑血气。（又随其人之情(qing)性(xing)。）
[疏]注“又随”至“情性”
○释曰：上(shang)文(wen)(wen)据(ju)(ju)人(ren)形(xing)为(wei)弓，此(ci)据(ju)(ju)人(ren)性，故郑(zheng)云(yun)“又随(sui)其(qi)人(ren)之情性”也(ye)。此(ci)亦(yi)与(yu)下文(wen)(wen)为(wei)目，下别以弓与(yu)志(zhi)相配(pei)而言也(ye)。躬即身也(ye)，志(zhi)虑据(ju)(ju)在心，血气据(ju)(ju)言与(yu)举(ju)动也(ye)。
丰肉而短，宽缓以荼，若是者为之危弓，危弓为之安矢。骨直以立，忿以奔，若是者为之安弓，安弓为之危矢。（言损嬴济不足。危、奔，犹疾也。骨直谓强毅。荼，古文舒假借字。郑司农云“荼读为舒”。
○肉，如(ru)字，刘而树反。，音势。）
[疏]注“言损”至“为舒”
○释曰：此(ci)经以下，说君之(zhi)(zhi)躬与志虑(lv)弓之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)宜(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)也。“危弓”，则夹、庾，弱者(zhe)(zhe)为言(yan)。“安(an)弓”，谓王、孤(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)类，强者(zhe)(zhe)而(er)言(yan)。若然(ran)，危矢(shi)据桓矢(shi)，安(an)矢(shi)据杀矢(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)也。言(yan)“损赢济不(bu)足”者(zhe)(zhe)，言(yan)丰肉宽缓(huan)是不(bu)足，则危弓济之(zhi)(zhi)。危弓为赢，则以安(an)矢(shi)损之(zhi)(zhi)。骨直忿是赢，则安(an)弓损之(zhi)(zhi)。安(an)弓是不(bu)足，则以危矢(shi)济之(zhi)(zhi)。
其人安，其弓安，其矢安，则莫能以速中，且不深。（故书“速”或作“数”，郑司农云：“字从速。速，疾也。三舒不能疾而中，言矢行短也，中又不能深。”
○中，丁仲反，注(zhu)及下同(tong)(tong)。数(shu)，音朔，同(tong)(tong)。）
[疏]注“故书”至“能深”
○释曰：上文以安危损(sun)益，即於射(she)事为可。此三安而无损(sun)益，故不可。
其人危，其弓危，其矢危，则莫能以愿中。（愿，悫也。三疾不能悫而中，言矢行长也。长谓过去。
○愿，音原，一(yi)音元(yuan)。悫(que)，苦角反。）
[疏]注“愿悫”至“过去”
○释(shi)曰(yue)：此三危亦无损济，故(gu)亦不(bu)可也。云“三疾(ji)不(bu)能悫而中(zhong)，言(yan)矢行长也。长谓(wei)去”者，危弓危矢，谓(wei)夹、庾、恒矢之(zhi)等，皆(jie)射远(yuan)，兼人且危躁，故(gu)矢行长过去也。
往体多，来体寡，谓之夹、臾之属，利射侯与弋。（射远者用势。夹、庾之弓，合五而成规。侯非必远，顾执弓者材必薄，薄则弱，弱则矢不深中侯，不落。大夫士射侯，矢落不获。弋，缴射也。故书“与”作“其”，杜子春云：“当为与。”
○夹，古洽反(fan)，刘(liu)古协反(fan)。臾，音庾。射，食亦反(fan)，注下除“缴射”、“大射”、“小射”、“用射”外皆同。获(huo)，相檗反(fan)。缴射，诸(zhu)若反(fan)。）
[疏]注“射远”至“为与”
○释曰：六弓(gong)(gong)(gong)两(liang)两(liang)相(xiang)将，下文王(wang)弓(gong)(gong)(gong)不(bu)(bu)言(yan)弧(hu)弓(gong)(gong)(gong)，唐弓(gong)(gong)(gong)不(bu)(bu)言(yan)大(da)(da)弓(gong)(gong)(gong)，故(gu)(gu)言(yan)“之(zhi)(zhi)属”。今此夹、庾(yu)(yu)并(bing)言(yan)，亦(yi)(yi)云(yun)“之(zhi)(zhi)属”者(zhe)(zhe)，夹、庾(yu)(yu)虽并(bing)言(yan)，以夹、庾(yu)(yu)其类非(fei)一，故(gu)(gu)亦(yi)(yi)云(yun)之(zhi)(zhi)属也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“射(she)(she)(she)(she)远(yuan)者(zhe)(zhe)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)”者(zhe)(zhe)，谓审曲曲势，夹庾(yu)(yu)反张多(duo)，随曲向外，弱(ruo)则(ze)(ze)(ze)射(she)(she)(she)(she)远(yuan)，不(bu)(bu)能深，则(ze)(ze)(ze)近亦(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)深，故(gu)(gu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)近侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)。故(gu)(gu)郑云(yun)“侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)非(fei)必(bi)远(yuan)，故(gu)(gu)执(zhi)弓(gong)(gong)(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)材必(bi)薄，薄则(ze)(ze)(ze)弱(ruo)，弱(ruo)则(ze)(ze)(ze)矢不(bu)(bu)深中侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，不(bu)(bu)落(luo)”者(zhe)(zhe)，谓弓(gong)(gong)(gong)射(she)(she)(she)(she)远(yuan)，以其材弱(ruo)，纵射(she)(she)(she)(she)近，亦(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)深，故(gu)(gu)近侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)矢但不(bu)(bu)落(luo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)士(shi)(shi)射(she)(she)(she)(she)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，矢落(luo)不(bu)(bu)获(huo)”者(zhe)(zhe)，按(an)《大(da)(da)射(she)(she)(she)(she)》云(yun)：“中离维纲，扬触捆复，君(jun)则(ze)(ze)(ze)释获(huo)，众则(ze)(ze)(ze)否。”大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)上矢落(luo)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)不(bu)(bu)获(huo)，故(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)得用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，是唐、大(da)(da)之(zhi)(zhi)等也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“弋，缴射(she)(she)(she)(she)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)，按(an)《司弓(gong)(gong)(gong)矢职》云(yun)：“夹弓(gong)(gong)(gong)、庾(yu)(yu)弓(gong)(gong)(gong)，以授射(she)(she)(she)(she)犴侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)、鸟兽者(zhe)(zhe)。”犴侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)、鸟兽，则(ze)(ze)(ze)射(she)(she)(she)(she)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)与(yu)弋也(ye)(ye)(ye)。按(an)彼(bi)注：“近射(she)(she)(she)(she)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)弱(ruo)弓(gong)(gong)(gong)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)射(she)(she)(she)(she)大(da)(da)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)者(zhe)(zhe)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)王(wang)、弧(hu)，射(she)(she)(she)(she)参(can)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)者(zhe)(zhe)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)唐、大(da)(da)矣。”如是，君(jun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)王(wang)、弧(hu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)大(da)(da)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)唐、大(da)(da)射(she)(she)(she)(she)参(can)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，士(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)夹、庾(yu)(yu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)豹(bao)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)。若然(ran)，此大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)与(yu)士(shi)(shi)同(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)夹、庾(yu)(yu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)近侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)者(zhe)(zhe)，据天子之(zhi)(zhi)臣多(duo)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)三公(gong)、王(wang)子为诸侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)者(zhe)(zhe)射(she)(she)(she)(she)熊侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，卿大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)士(shi)(shi)同(tong)射(she)(she)(she)(she)豹(bao)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。若然(ran)，射(she)(she)(she)(she)七十步侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)唐、大(da)(da)，其远(yuan)中侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)亦(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)落(luo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。
往体寡，来体多，谓之王弓之属，利射革与质。（射深者用直，此又直焉，於射坚宜也。王弓合九而成规，弧弓亦然。革谓干盾。质，木椹。天子射侯亦用此弓。《大射》曰：“中离，维纲，扬触，困复，君则释获，其馀则否。”
○椹，张林(lin)反。困，苦本(ben)反。）
[疏]注“射深”至“则否”
○释曰：言(yan)“王弓(gong)之(zhi)属”，则之(zhi)属中(zhong)(zhong)，弧弓(gong)及王弧之(zhi)辈类也。云“利射(she)革(ge)与(yu)质(zhi)(zhi)”，此(ci)(ci)(ci)即《司弓(gong)矢职》云：“王弓(gong)、弧弓(gong)以授(shou)射(she)甲革(ge)椹质(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)”，亦一(yi)也。云“天子射(she)侯(hou)亦用(yong)此(ci)(ci)(ci)弓(gong)”，不言(yan)者(zhe)(zhe)，举射(she)革(ge)与(yu)质(zhi)(zhi)，有上文(wen)“弱(ruo)弓(gong)射(she)近”可参，故不言(yan)可知也。“《大射(she)》曰：中(zhong)(zhong)离(li)，维(wei)纲，扬触，困(kun)复”，中(zhong)(zhong)谓(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)侯(hou)，离(li)犹过也，丽也。维(wei)谓(wei)侯(hou)射(she)与(yu)左(zuo)右(you)舌一(yi)幅，两(liang)相反角，亦以纲维(wei)持(chi)之(zhi)，而系於柱。纲谓(wei)左(zuo)右(you)舌上畔下畔，以一(yi)大纲绳，各系於其柱上，以持(chi)侯(hou)。其纲皆出布幅一(yi)寻(xun)，谓(wei)之(zhi)为纲。“扬触，困(kun)复”者(zhe)(zhe)，矢高扬而过侯(hou)。彼注云“扬触”者(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)他物(wu)，扬而触侯(hou)也。困(kun)复，谓(wei)矢至侯(hou)，不著而还复。复，反也。如此(ci)(ci)(ci)五者(zhe)(zhe)，君则释获(huo)，其馀则否。则臣不得获(huo)，惟(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)乃可又(you)获(huo)。
往(wang)体来体若(ruo)一(yi)，谓之唐(tang)弓之属，利射深。（射深用(yong)直(zhi)。唐(tang)弓合(he)七(qi)而成规，大弓亦然。《春秋传》曰：“盗窃宝玉大弓。”）
[疏]注“射深”至“大弓”
○释曰：唐弓(gong)之外仍(reng)有大(da)(da)(da)弓(gong)，故云(yun)“之属(shu)”也。按《司弓(gong)矢职》云(yun)：“唐弓(gong)、大(da)(da)(da)弓(gong)，以授学射者(zhe)(zhe)、使者(zhe)(zhe)、劳者(zhe)(zhe)。”此不言(yan)者(zhe)(zhe)，亦各举一(yi)边而言(yan)，兼(jian)有彼(bi)事(shi)可知(zhi)。言(yan)“射深(shen)(shen)用(yong)直。唐弓(gong)合(he)七而成规”者(zhe)(zhe)，则王、弧(hu)之弓(gong)亦射深(shen)(shen)用(yong)直。唐、大(da)(da)(da)合(he)七成规，则王、弧(hu)之弓(gong)射深(shen)(shen)可知(zhi)。引《春秋》者(zhe)(zhe)，定(ding)八年《公(gong)羊传》文(wen)。彼(bi)以阳虎为盗窃(qie)宝玉大(da)(da)(da)弓(gong)。彼(bi)《公(gong)羊》云(yun)：“宝者(zhe)(zhe)何(he)？璋判(pan)，白弓(gong)绣质。”引之者(zhe)(zhe)，证大(da)(da)(da)弓(gong)同也。
大(da)和(he)无(wu)氵(shui)爵(jue)，其次筋角(jiao)皆(jie)有氵(shui)爵(jue)而深，其次有氵(shui)爵(jue)而疏，其次角(jiao)无(wu)氵(shui)爵(jue)。（大(da)和(he)，尤良者也。深，谓氵(shui)爵(jue)在中(zhong)央，两边无(wu)也。角(jiao)无(wu)氵(shui)爵(jue)，谓隈里。）
[疏]“大和”至“无氵爵”
○释曰：大和，谓九和之(zhi)弓，以(yi)其(qi)六材(cai)俱善尤良，故无漆氵爵也。“其(qi)次(ci)筋(jin)角(jiao)(jiao)皆(jie)(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)氵爵而深(shen)”者(zhe)，筋(jin)在背，角(jiao)(jiao)在隈(wei)，皆(jie)(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)氵爵。但深(shen)在其(qi)中央，两边(bian)无也。“其(qi)次(ci)有(you)(you)(you)(you)氵爵而疏(shu)”者(zhe)，以(yi)上参之(zhi)，此谓两边(bian)亦有(you)(you)(you)(you)，但疏(shu)之(zhi)，不皆(jie)(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)也。“其(qi)次(ci)角(jiao)(jiao)无氵爵”，谓隈(wei)里(li)无氵爵，萧与及背有(you)(you)(you)(you)之(zhi)。
合氵爵若背手文。（弓表里氵爵合处，若人合手背，文相应。郑司农云：“如人手背文理。”
○背(bei)，补内反(fan)，注(zhu)同。）
[疏]注“弓表”至“文理”
○释曰(yue)：言“合氵爵(jue)(jue)”者，谓弓表(biao)里氵爵(jue)(jue)漆相合之处，若人合手背上文理相应。
角环氵爵，牛筋ナ氵爵，麋筋斥蠖氵爵。（ナ，实也。斥蠖，屈虫也。
○环，如字(zi)，又户(hu)串反。ナ，扶文反，注同。斥，音尺，蠖，枉缚反，又於(wu)郭反。，丝子(zi)反。）
[疏]注“ナ”至“虫也”
○释曰(yue)：此(ci)(ci)说弓(gong)表(biao)及弓(gong)里(li)氵(shui)(shui)爵(jue)(jue)故也。“角环氵(shui)(shui)爵(jue)(jue)”，谓隈里(li)氵(shui)(shui)爵(jue)(jue)文如环然。“牛(niu)(niu)筋(jin)ナ氵(shui)(shui)爵(jue)(jue)”者，此(ci)(ci)说弓(gong)背用(yong)牛(niu)(niu)筋(jin)之(zhi)漆，如麻(ma)子文。若(ruo)用(yong)麋，其氵(shui)(shui)爵(jue)(jue)文如斥蠖(huo)(huo)文。云“ナ，实”者，乃(nai)牡麻(ma)无实，而云ナ，实，举其类尔，若(ruo)箪笥然也。“斥蠖(huo)(huo)，屈(qu)虫”者，《易》云“斥蠖(huo)(huo)之(zhi)屈(qu)，以求信”是也。
和弓摩。（和犹调也。，拂也。将用弓，必先调之，拂之，摩之。《大射礼》曰：“小射正授弓，大射正以袂顺左右隈，上再下一。”
○上，时掌反。）
[疏]注“和犹”至“下一”
○释曰：引《大射(she)(she)》云“大射(she)(she)正以袂顺(shun)左(zuo)右(you)隈(wei)”者，以左(zuo)手横执之时(shi)，上隈(wei)向右(you)，下(xia)隈(wei)向左(zuo)，而上再(zai)下(xia)一(yi)，拂去尘，乃授与君(jun)。《大射(she)(she)》虽(sui)不言调，亦调可知也。
覆之而角至，谓之句弓。（句於三体，材敝恶，不用之弓也。覆，犹察也，谓用射而察之。至，犹善也。但角善，则矢虽疾而不能远。
○覆(fu)，孚(fu)服反，下(xia)(xia)皆(jie)同(tong)。句，刘力具反，沈音钩(gou)。善(shan)，本(ben)或作(zuo)[C201]，音善(shan)，下(xia)(xia)同(tong)。）
[疏]注“句於”至“能远”
○释曰：此(ci)以下论(lun)弓(gong)(gong)有(you)六材(cai)，角、、筋用力多(duo)，特言(yan)之(zhi)。若三(san)者(zhe)全(quan)善，则为(wei)(wei)尤良，若一善者(zhe)为(wei)(wei)敝(bi)，二(er)善者(zhe)为(wei)(wei)次。今此(ci)先察一善者(zhe)至，谓若馀(yu)、筋不善，直角善，可以为(wei)(wei)句(ju)弓(gong)(gong)。云(yun)“句(ju)於三(san)体，材(cai)敝(bi)恶，不用之(zhi)弓(gong)(gong)也”者(zhe)，谓不入上三(san)文所用之(zhi)内。言(yan)“矢(shi)虽疾不能远(yuan)”者(zhe)，上云(yun)射远(yuan)用，是(shi)弱(ruo)弓(gong)(gong)而射远(yuan)。但此(ci)句(ju)弓(gong)(gong)为(wei)(wei)弱(ruo)於彼，虽疾不能射远(yuan)也。
覆之而至(zhi)，谓之侯弓。（射侯之弓也(ye)。又善，则矢疾而远。）
[疏]注“射侯”至“而远”
○释(shi)曰：此(ci)察次弓(gong)，此(ci)非直角至，兼善，谓(wei)之射(she)侯之弓(gong)。则上夹、庾(yu)利近射(she)与弋，言矢疾而(er)远，对(dui)上句(ju)弓(gong)疾而(er)不远，不及侯者也。
覆之(zhi)而筋至(zhi)，谓之(zhi)深(shen)弓。（射(she)深(shen)之(zhi)弓也。筋又(you)善(shan)，则矢既疾而远，又(you)深(shen)。）
[疏]注“射深”至“又深”
○释曰：此弓三善(shan)者也。按上(shang)文唐、大射深，则(ze)王、弧三善(shan)亦射深可知，举中以见上(shang)者也。