这篇本纪记(ji)载的是(shi)秦氏族从(cong)兴起、发展到称霸天下、秦始皇(huang)统一(yi)全(quan)国(guo)之前(qian)的历史。
秦(qin)(qin)本为(wei)(wei)(wei)地处偏远(yuan)的西(xi)(xi)方(fang)的一(yi)(yi)个部落，其(qi)远(yuan)祖多以(yi)驯(xun)兽驾(jia)车(che)见长，从(cong)虞舜到周(zhou)(zhou)代(dai)屡屡有功：柏翳（ｙì，益）佐禹治水，舜赐(ci)姓嬴(ying)氏(shi)；费昌(chang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)汤驾(jia)车(che)败桀于(yu)鸣条，中(zhong)潏（ｊｕé，决(jue)）在西(xi)(xi)戎为(wei)(wei)(wei)殷(yin)保西(xi)(xi)部边境，造父（ｆǔ，甫）为(wei)(wei)(wei)周(zhou)(zhou)缪（ｍù，穆）王架车(che)，日驱千里(li)以(yi)救周(zhou)(zhou)乱，其(qi)族由此为(wei)(wei)(wei)赵氏(shi)，周(zhou)(zhou)宣王时(shi)秦(qin)(qin)仲为(wei)(wei)(wei)西(xi)(xi)垂大(da)夫，襄公救周(zhou)(zhou)难，又率兵(bing)护送周(zhou)(zhou)平王东迁，被封为(wei)(wei)(wei)诸侯，建立了(le)(le)秦(qin)(qin)国。秦(qin)(qin)国本为(wei)(wei)(wei)西(xi)(xi)方(fang)一(yi)(yi)个小国，各方(fang)面(mian)都比较落后(hou)，到后(hou)来相当强大(da)了(le)(le)，还被中(zhong)原各国视(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)戎狄，不让(rang)它参与盟会。但秦(qin)(qin)国一(yi)(yi)方(fang)面(mian)在戎族地区(qu)扩充(chong)土地，一(yi)(yi)方(fang)面(mian)与中(zhong)原各国来往，通婚(hun)，吸取中(zhong)原文化，逐步发展成为(wei)(wei)(wei)强国。
这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)篇(pian)本纪主要取材于(yu)《左传(chuan)(chuan)》、《国(guo)语》和(he)《战国(guo)策》，通(tong)篇(pian)以秦(qin)为中(zhong)心(xin)，同时把周王(wang)室和(he)其他(ta)各(ge)诸侯国(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情况(kuang)穿(chuan)插进去，条(tiao)分缕析，勾勒出(chu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)春秋战国(guo)时代的(de)(de)(de)(de)政治军(jun)事(shi)形势和(he)社会概(gai)貌。秦(qin)国(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)发展(zhan)与(yu)(yu)强盛，起关键作用的(de)(de)(de)(de)是有几代励精图治、开明能干的(de)(de)(de)(de)君王(wang)，而(er)作者正(zheng)是抓住(zhu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)些人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)事(shi)迹刻意叙写(xie)，如缪(mou)（穆(mu)）公、孝公、惠文(wen)王(wang)、昭襄王(wang)等，而(er)且抓住(zhu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)他(ta)们广(guang)招贤才、知人(ren)善任的(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)点，泼墨(mo)重写(xie)，这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)一历史(shi)时期许(xu)多著(zhu)名的(de)(de)(de)(de)谋臣武(wu)将(jiang)都在这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)篇(pian)里出(chu)现过(guo)，这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)不仅反映了(le)(le)(le)(le)历史(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)真实，也为后面有关的(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)篇(pian)列(lie)传(chuan)(chuan)提供了(le)(le)(le)(le)总的(de)(de)(de)(de)背景。在这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)些叙写(xie)中(zhong)尤以缪(mou)公写(xie)得(de)生动(dong)真切，如他(ta)以五张(zhang)羊皮赎来(lai)百(bai)里傒(xi)（奚(xi)），百(bai)里傒(xi)又(you)向(xiang)他(ta)推荐蹇（ｊｉǎｎ，简）叔；与(yu)(yu)晋(jin)惠公战于(yu)韩地，在关键时刻乡民报食马之(zhi)德(de)；秦(qin)晋(jin)殽（崤）之(zhi)战后，缪(mou)公的(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)责、为战死(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)将(jiang)士筑(zhu)坟发丧，作誓(shi)“今后世以记(ji)余(yu)过(guo)”，以及对孟(meng)明等将(jiang)领的(de)(de)(de)(de)宽(kuan)容与(yu)(yu)信用；诱降由余(yu)，伐(fa)西戎，益国(guo)十二，开地千里，遂(sui)霸西戎等等，都描(miao)绘得(de)栩栩如生，充满感情。其他(ta)如商鞅、张(zhang)仪、司马错、樗(chu)（ｃｈū，初）里疾、甘(gan)茂、白起、王(wang)翦、范(fan)睢等人(ren)也都为秦(qin)国(guo)做出(chu)过(guo)重大(da)贡献。只是由于(yu)全书的(de)(de)(de)(de)体(ti)例和(he)安排(pai)，在本篇(pian)中(zhong)虽屡提及，而(er)没有详述(shu)。
司马迁在(zai)《秦(qin)本纪》中(zhong)，如此详细得当地叙(xu)(xu)写与描绘，着意(yi)揭示秦(qin)之(zhi)由弱变强(qiang)，“文势如阶级”，一层紧一层，可以说为始皇帝最后(hou)一统天下(xia)，做了令人信(xin)服(fu)的、合(he)理(li)的铺垫。正如李景星在(zai)《史(shi)记评议》中(zhong)所说：此篇特别出(chu)色处，“中(zhong)间叙(xu)(xu)缪公之(zhi)霸(ba)，曲(qu)折顿挫，采用(yong)《左(zuo)》、《国(guo)(guo)》，而能(neng)脱《左(zuo)》、《国(guo)(guo)》之(zhi)间架也(ye)。后(hou)路叙(xu)(xu)孝(xiao)公之(zhi)强(qiang)，并列山(shan)东诸国(guo)(guo)形势，为春(chun)秋变为战国(guo)(guo)一大关键，且为秦(qin)人蚕食并吞伏根。用(yong)笔如张强(qiang)弩，一丝不(bu)懈也(ye)。”
《索隐》以为秦在始皇称帝以前只是诸侯国，不当立为本纪，而应降为世家。归有光等则以为《秦本纪》与《秦始皇本纪》本应为一篇，正如《周本纪》记事是从后稷开始一样，只是由于篇幅过长才分为两篇的。（均见《会注考证》引）我们认为后一种看法较为合理，看来司马公如此安排还是颇费了一番匠心的。
秦的(de)祖先(xian)，是(shi)(shi)颛顼(xu)帝(di)的(de)后(hou)代孙女，名叫女修(xiu)。女修(xiu)织布的(de)时(shi)候(hou)，有(you)一(yi)只燕子掉落一(yi)颗蛋，女修(xiu)把它吞(tun)食了，生下儿(er)子，名叫大(da)业(ye)。大(da)业(ye)娶(qu)了少(shao)典部族的(de)女儿(er)，名叫女华。女华生下大(da)费(fei)，大(da)费(fei)辅助夏禹(yu)治(zhi)理水(shui)土(tu)。治(zhi)水(shui)成功(gong)后(hou)，舜(shun)帝(di)为(wei)表彰(zhang)禹(yu)的(de)功(gong)劳，赐(ci)给(ji)他一(yi)块黑(hei)色的(de)玉圭。禹(yu)接(jie)受了赏赐(ci)，说(shuo)：“治(zhi)水(shui)不是(shi)(shi)我一(yi)个人能(neng)完成的(de)，也是(shi)(shi)因为(wei)有(you)大(da)费(fei)做助手。”舜(shun)帝(di)说(shuo)：“啊！大(da)费(fei)，你(ni)帮助禹(yu)治(zhi)水(shui)成功(gong)！我赐(ci)你(ni)一(yi)副黑(hei)色的(de)旌旗飘(piao)带。你(ni)的(de)后(hou)代将会兴(xing)旺昌盛(sheng)。”于是(shi)(shi)把一(yi)个姓姚的(de)美女嫁给(ji)他。大(da)费(fei)行拜(bai)礼接(jie)受了赏赐(ci)，为(wei)舜(shun)帝(di)驯养禽(qin)兽，禽(qin)兽大(da)多驯服，这个人就是(shi)(shi)柏翳（ｙì，益）。舜(shun)帝(di)赐(ci)他姓嬴(ying)。
大(da)费生有二个(ge)(ge)儿子，一(yi)个(ge)(ge)名叫(jiao)大(da)廉(lian)，这就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)鸟(niao)俗(su)氏；另一(yi)个(ge)(ge)叫(jiao)若(ruo)木，这就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)费氏。费氏的(de)玄孙(sun)(sun)叫(jiao)费昌(chang)，他的(de)子孙(sun)(sun)有的(de)住(zhu)在中原地区，有的(de)住(zhu)在夷狄那里。费昌(chang)正处(chu)在夏(xia)桀(jie)的(de)时候，他离开夏(xia)国(guo)，归附(fu)了(le)商汤，给商汤驾车，在鸣条打(da)败了(le)夏(xia)桀(jie)。大(da)廉(lian)的(de)玄孙(sun)(sun)叫(jiao)孟(meng)戏、中衍，身体长得很象鸟(niao)，但说(shuo)人话。太戊(wu)帝(di)听说(shuo)了(le)他们(men)，想让他们(men)给自(zi)己驾车，就(jiu)(jiu)去占(zhan)卜，卦相吉利，于(yu)是(shi)把他们(men)请来驾车，并且给他们(men)娶了(le)妻子。自(zi)太戊(wu)帝(di)以后(hou)，中衍的(de)后(hou)代子孙(sun)(sun)，每(mei)代都有功劳，辅佐殷(yin)国(guo)，所(suo)以嬴姓子孙(sun)(sun)大(da)多(duo)显贵，后(hou)来终于(yu)成了(le)诸侯(hou)。
中衍(yan)的(de)玄孙叫中潏(yu)（ｊｕé，决），住(zhu)在(zai)西部戎族地区，保卫西部边疆。中潏(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)蜚(fei)(fei)（ｆēｉ，非）廉(lian)。蜚(fei)(fei)廉(lian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)恶来(lai)。恶来(lai)力(li)气大(da)，蜚(fei)(fei)廉(lian)善奔跑。父(fu)(fu)子(zi)俩都凭才(cai)能力(li)气事奉殷纣王(wang)(wang)。周(zhou)(zhou)武王(wang)(wang)伐纣的(de)时(shi)(shi)候，把恶来(lai)也一并杀了(le)(le)(le)(le)。当时(shi)(shi)，蜚(fei)(fei)廉(lian)为纣出使北方(fang)，回来(lai)时(shi)(shi)，因纣已死，没有(you)地方(fang)禀报，就(jiu)在(zai)霍太(tai)(tai)山筑(zhu)起祭(ji)坛向纣王(wang)(wang)报告(gao)，祭(ji)祀(si)时(shi)(shi)获(huo)得(de)一幅石(shi)棺，石(shi)棺上刻的(de)字说：“天帝(di)命(ming)令你不参与(yu)殷朝的(de)灾乱，赐给(ji)你一口石(shi)棺，以光(guang)耀你的(de)氏族。”蜚(fei)(fei)廉(lian)死后，就(jiu)埋葬在(zai)霍太(tai)(tai)山。蜚(fei)(fei)廉(lian)还有(you)个(ge)儿(er)子(zi)叫季胜(sheng)(sheng)。季胜(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)孟增。孟增受到(dao)周(zhou)(zhou)成王(wang)(wang)的(de)宠(chong)幸(xing)，他(ta)就(jiu)是(shi)宅皋(gao)狼。皋(gao)狼生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)衡父(fu)(fu)。衡父(fu)(fu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)造(zao)(zao)父(fu)(fu)。造(zao)(zao)父(fu)(fu)因善于驾(jia)车得(de)到(dao)周(zhou)(zhou)缪(mou)(mou)王(wang)(wang)的(de)宠(chong)幸(xing)。周(zhou)(zhou)缪(mou)(mou)王(wang)(wang)获(huo)得(de)名(ming)叫骥、温骊、骅（ｈｕá，华）骝（ｌｉú，留）、騄（ｌù，禄）耳的(de)四匹骏(jun)马，驾(jia)车到(dao)西方(fang)巡视，乐而忘返。等到(dao)徐偃(yan)王(wang)(wang)作(zuo)乱时(shi)(shi)，造(zao)(zao)父(fu)(fu)给(ji)缪(mou)(mou)王(wang)(wang)驾(jia)车，兼(jian)程驱(qu)赶回周(zhou)(zhou)朝，日行千(qian)里(li)，平定了(le)(le)(le)(le)叛乱。缪(mou)(mou)王(wang)(wang)把赵城封给(ji)造(zao)(zao)父(fu)(fu)，造(zao)(zao)父(fu)(fu)族人(ren)从此姓赵。自蜚(fei)(fei)廉(lian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)季胜(sheng)(sheng)以来(lai)经过五代(dai)直到(dao)造(zao)(zao)父(fu)(fu)时(shi)(shi)，才(cai)另外分出来(lai)居住(zhu)在(zai)赵城。春秋晋国大(da)夫越衰（ｃｕī，崔(cui)）就(jiu)是(shi)他(ta)的(de)后代(dai)。恶来(lai)革，是(shi)蜚(fei)(fei)廉(lian)的(de)儿(er)子(zi)，死得(de)早。他(ta)有(you)个(ge)儿(er)子(zi)叫女防。女防生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)旁皋(gao)，旁皋(gao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)太(tai)(tai)几，太(tai)(tai)几生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)大(da)骆(luo)(luo)，大(da)骆(luo)(luo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)非子(zi)。因为造(zao)(zao)父(fu)(fu)受到(dao)周(zhou)(zhou)王(wang)(wang)的(de)恩宠(chong)，他(ta)们都承蒙恩荫(yin)住(zhu)在(zai)赵城，姓赵。
非(fei)(fei)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)居住在犬丘，喜爱马和其他(ta)(ta)牲(sheng)口，并(bing)善于饲养繁殖。犬丘的(de)人(ren)把这事告诉了(le)周(zhou)孝(xiao)王(wang)(wang)(wang)，孝(xiao)王(wang)(wang)(wang)召见非(fei)(fei)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，让他(ta)(ta)在汧（ｑｉāｎ，千）河(he)、渭河(he)之间管理马匹。马匹大量繁殖。孝(xiao)王(wang)(wang)(wang)想让非(fei)(fei)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)做(zuo)(zuo)大骆的(de)继(ji)承人(ren)。申(shen)侯(hou)的(de)女儿是(shi)大骆的(de)妻(qi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，生(sheng)了(le)儿子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)成(cheng)，成(cheng)做(zuo)(zuo)了(le)继(ji)承人(ren)。申(shen)侯(hou)就对孝(xiao)王(wang)(wang)(wang)说：“从前我的(de)祖先是(shi)郦(li)山那儿的(de)女儿，她做(zuo)(zuo)了(le)西(xi)戎(rong)族(zu)仲(zhong)衍的(de)曾孙胥轩的(de)妻(qi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，生(sheng)了(le)中潏(yu)，因为与周(zhou)相亲而归附周(zhou)朝，守卫西(xi)部边(bian)境，西(xi)部边(bian)境因此和睦太(tai)平。现(xian)在我又把女儿嫁给大骆为妻(qi)，生(sheng)下成(cheng)作(zuo)继(ji)承人(ren)。申(shen)侯(hou)与大骆再次联(lian)姻，西(xi)戎(rong)族(zu)都归顺，这样，您才得以(yi)称王(wang)(wang)(wang)。希望(wang)您考虑一下吧。”于是(shi)孝(xiao)王(wang)(wang)(wang)说：“从前伯翳为舜帝掌管牲(sheng)畜，牲(sheng)畜繁殖很多，所以(yi)获得土地的(de)封(feng)赐(ci)(ci)，受赐(ci)(ci)姓嬴。现(xian)在他(ta)(ta)的(de)后(hou)代也(ye)给我驯(xun)养繁殖马匹，我也(ye)分给他(ta)(ta)土地做(zuo)(zuo)附属国吧。”赐(ci)(ci)给他(ta)(ta)秦(qin)地作(zuo)为封(feng)邑，让他(ta)(ta)接管嬴氏的(de)祭祀(si)，号(hao)称秦(qin)嬴。但(dan)也(ye)不废除申(shen)侯(hou)女儿生(sheng)的(de)儿子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)做(zuo)(zuo)大骆的(de)继(ji)承人(ren)，以(yi)此来与西(xi)戎(rong)和好。
秦(qin)嬴生了秦(qin)侯。秦(qin)侯在位十(shi)年(nian)去世。秦(qin)侯生公伯。公伯在位三年(nian)去世。公伯生秦(qin)仲。
秦(qin)仲(zhong)即(ji)位三(san)年(nian)(nian)，周(zhou)厉王(wang)无道，有(you)的(de)诸侯背(bei)叛了他(ta)。西(xi)(xi)戎(rong)族反叛周(zhou)王(wang)朝，灭了犬丘大(da)骆(luo)的(de)全族。周(zhou)宣王(wang)登(deng)上王(wang)位之后，任用秦(qin)仲(zhong)当大(da)夫，讨伐(fa)西(xi)(xi)戎(rong)。西(xi)(xi)戎(rong)杀(sha)掉(diao)了秦(qin)仲(zhong)。秦(qin)仲(zhong)即(ji)位为侯王(wang)二十三(san)年(nian)(nian)，死在西(xi)(xi)戎(rong)手里。秦(qin)仲(zhong)有(you)五个儿子(zi)(zi)，大(da)儿子(zi)(zi)叫庄公。周(zhou)宣王(wang)召(zhao)见庄公兄弟(di)五人，交给他(ta)们七千兵卒，命令他(ta)们讨伐(fa)西(xi)(xi)戎(rong)，把西(xi)(xi)戎(rong)打败了。周(zhou)宣王(wang)于是再次赏赐秦(qin)仲(zhong)的(de)子(zi)(zi)孙(sun)，包(bao)括他(ta)们的(de)祖先大(da)骆(luo)的(de)封(feng)地犬丘在内，一并(bing)归他(ta)们所有(you)，任命他(ta)们为西(xi)(xi)垂大(da)夫。
庄公(gong)居住在他(ta)(ta)们的(de)(de)故地西犬(quan)丘，生(sheng)下三(san)个儿子，长(zhang)子叫世(shi)(shi)(shi)父(fu)(fu)(fu)。世(shi)(shi)(shi)父(fu)(fu)(fu)说(shuo)：“西戎(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)杀了(le)(le)(le)(le)我祖(zu)父(fu)(fu)(fu)秦(qin)仲，我不(bu)杀死(si)戎(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)王(wang)(wang)就决不(bu)回家(jia)。”于是率(lv)兵去攻(gong)打西戎(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)，把(ba)继承人(ren)的(de)(de)位(wei)置让给(ji)(ji)他(ta)(ta)弟弟襄(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)公(gong)。襄(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)公(gong)做了(le)(le)(le)(le)太(tai)子。庄公(gong)在位(wei)四十四年(nian)去世(shi)(shi)(shi)，太(tai)子襄(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)公(gong)继位(wei)。襄(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)公(gong)元年(nian)（前(qian)777），襄(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)公(gong)把(ba)他(ta)(ta)妹妹缪嬴嫁给(ji)(ji)西戎(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)丰王(wang)(wang)做妻子。襄(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)公(gong)二年(nian)（前(qian)776），西戎(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)包围(wei)犬(quan)丘，世(shi)(shi)(shi)父(fu)(fu)(fu)反击，最后被西戎(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)俘虏。过了(le)(le)(le)(le)一年(nian)多，西戎(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)放还世(shi)(shi)(shi)父(fu)(fu)(fu)。七年(nian)（前(qian)771）春，周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)幽王(wang)(wang)因宠爱褒(bao)姒(si)（ｓì，似）而废除太(tai)子宜(yi)臼(jiu)，把(ba)褒(bao)姒(si)所生(sheng)的(de)(de)儿子伯服(fu)立(li)为(wei)(wei)(wei)继承人(ren)，周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)幽王(wang)(wang)多次举烽火把(ba)诸(zhu)侯(hou)骗(pian)来京师，以(yi)求褒(bao)姒(si)一笑(xiao)，诸(zhu)侯(hou)们因此背叛了(le)(le)(le)(le)他(ta)(ta)。西戎(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)的(de)(de)犬(quan)戎(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)和申侯(hou)一起攻(gong)打周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)朝，在郦山(shan)(shan)下杀死(si)了(le)(le)(le)(le)幽王(wang)(wang)。秦(qin)襄(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)公(gong)率(lv)兵营(ying)救(jiu)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)朝，作(zuo)战有力，立(li)了(le)(le)(le)(le)战功。周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)平(ping)(ping)王(wang)(wang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)躲避犬(quan)戎(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)的(de)(de)骚扰，把(ba)都(dou)城向东(dong)迁到(dao)(dao)洛邑，襄(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)公(gong)带兵护(hu)送了(le)(le)(le)(le)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)平(ping)(ping)王(wang)(wang)。周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)平(ping)(ping)王(wang)(wang)封(feng)襄(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)公(gong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)诸(zhu)侯(hou)，赐(ci)(ci)给(ji)(ji)他(ta)(ta)岐(qi)山(shan)(shan)以(yi)西的(de)(de)土(tu)地。平(ping)(ping)王(wang)(wang)说(shuo)：“西戎(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)不(bu)讲道义，侵夺我岐(qi)山(shan)(shan)、丰水的(de)(de)土(tu)地，秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)如(ru)果能赶(gan)走(zou)西戎(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)，西戎(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)的(de)(de)土(tu)地就归(gui)秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)。”平(ping)(ping)王(wang)(wang)与(yu)他(ta)(ta)立(li)下誓约，赐(ci)(ci)给(ji)(ji)他(ta)(ta)封(feng)地，授给(ji)(ji)他(ta)(ta)爵位(wei)。襄(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)公(gong)在这时才使(shi)秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)成为(wei)(wei)(wei)诸(zhu)侯(hou)国(guo)(guo)(guo)，跟其他(ta)(ta)诸(zhu)侯(hou)国(guo)(guo)(guo)互通使(shi)节，互致聘问(wen)献纳之(zhi)礼。又用黑鬃赤身的(de)(de)小马、黄牛、公(gong)羊各三(san)匹(pi)，在西畤祭(ji)祀(si)天帝。十二年(nian)（前(qian)766），他(ta)(ta)讨伐(fa)西戎(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)，到(dao)(dao)达(da)岐(qi)山(shan)(shan)时，在那里去世(shi)(shi)(shi)了(le)(le)(le)(le)。他(ta)(ta)生(sheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)文公(gong)。
文(wen)公(gong)元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)765），文(wen)公(gong)住(zhu)在(zai)(zai)西(xi)垂宫(gong)。三年(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)763），文(wen)公(gong)带着七百(bai)名兵卒到东边去打猎。四年(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)762），他(ta)们(men)到达汧(qian)、渭两(liang)河(he)的(de)(de)交(jiao)会之处。文(wen)公(gong)说：“从(cong)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，周朝把这(zhei)里(li)赐给我的(de)(de)祖先秦嬴做(zuo)封邑(yi)，后来(lai)我们(men)终于(yu)(yu)成了诸(zhu)侯。”于(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)占(zhan)卜(bu)这(zhei)里(li)是(shi)(shi)否适(shi)宜居住(zhu)，占(zhan)卜(bu)的(de)(de)结果(guo)说吉利，就(jiu)(jiu)在(zai)(zai)这(zhei)里(li)营(ying)造起城邑(yi)。十年(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)756），开(kai)始(shi)建造祭(ji)天(tian)地的(de)(de)鄜（ｆū，夫）畤，用牛(niu)羊(yang)猪(zhu)三种牲畜举行祭(ji)祀。十三年(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)753），开(kai)始(shi)设(she)立(li)史官记载大(da)(da)事，百(bai)姓大(da)(da)多(duo)受到教化。十六年(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)750），文(wen)公(gong)派兵讨(tao)伐(fa)西(xi)戎，西(xi)戎败逃。于(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)文(wen)公(gong)就(jiu)(jiu)收集周朝的(de)(de)遗民归为己有，地盘扩(kuo)展到岐山，把岐山以东的(de)(de)土地献给周天(tian)子(zi)。十九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)747），得到一(yi)(yi)块名叫“陈宝”的(de)(de)异石。二十年(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)746），开(kai)始(shi)设(she)立(li)诛灭三族的(de)(de)刑罚。二十七年(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)739），砍伐(fa)南山的(de)(de)大(da)(da)梓树，梓树中窜出一(yi)(yi)头大(da)(da)青牛(niu)逃进了丰水。四十八年(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)718），文(wen)公(gong)的(de)(de)太子(zi)去世(shi)，赐谥号为竫(jing)(jing)（ｊìｎｇ，静）公(gong)。竫(jing)(jing)公(gong)的(de)(de)长子(zi)立(li)为太子(zi)，他(ta)是(shi)(shi)文(wen)公(gong)的(de)(de)孙子(zi)。五(wu)十年(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)716），文(wen)公(gong)去世(shi)，埋葬在(zai)(zai)西(xi)山。竫(jing)(jing)公(gong)的(de)(de)儿子(zi)登位，这(zhei)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)宁公(gong)。
宁(ning)(ning)(ning)公(gong)(gong)(gong)二年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)714），宁(ning)(ning)(ning)公(gong)(gong)(gong)迁居(ju)到平阳，派遣军队征伐荡社。三(san)年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)713），与西(xi)戎(rong)的一支亳（ｂō，伯）部落作战，亳王逃往西(xi)戎(rong)，于是灭了(le)荡社。四年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)712），鲁(lu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)翚(hui)（ｈｕī，挥）杀死了(le)他的君(jun)王隐公(gong)(gong)(gong)。十(shi)二年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)704），宁(ning)(ning)(ning)公(gong)(gong)(gong)攻打荡氏，攻了(le)下来。宁(ning)(ning)(ning)公(gong)(gong)(gong)从十(shi)岁开始登上王位(wei)(wei)，在位(wei)(wei)十(shi)二年(nian)(nian)去世，葬在西(xi)山。他生了(le)三(san)个儿(er)子(zi)：长子(zi)武(wu)(wu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)为太子(zi)；武(wu)(wu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)的弟弟德公(gong)(gong)(gong)，与武(wu)(wu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)是同母兄弟；宁(ning)(ning)(ning)公(gong)(gong)(gong)之妾鲁(lu)姬子(zi)生了(le)出(chu)子(zi)。宁(ning)(ning)(ning)公(gong)(gong)(gong)去世后，大庶(shu)长弗忌、威(wei)垒和(he)三(san)父废掉太子(zi)，拥(yong)立(li)出(chu)子(zi)为君(jun)主。出(chu)子(zi)六(liu)年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)698），三(san)父等(deng)(deng)人(ren)(ren)又(you)一起派人(ren)(ren)杀害了(le)出(chu)子(zi)。出(chu)子(zi)五岁即位(wei)(wei)，在位(wei)(wei)六(liu)年(nian)(nian)被杀。三(san)父等(deng)(deng)人(ren)(ren)又(you)拥(yong)立(li)了(le)原(yuan)太子(zi)武(wu)(wu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)。
武公(gong)元年(nian)（前697），征(zheng)伐彭戏氏，到了(le)华山下，住(zhu)在平阳的(de)(de)封宫里。三年(nian)（前695），杀(sha)了(le)三父等(deng)人(ren)，夷灭(mie)了(le)他们的(de)(de)三族(zu)，因为他们杀(sha)了(le)出子(zi)。郑国的(de)(de)高渠眯杀(sha)了(le)他的(de)(de)君主昭公(gong)。十年(nian)（前688），攻打邽、冀戎两地(di)的(de)(de)戎族(zu)，并开始在杜、郑两地(di)设(she)县，灭(mie)了(le)小虢（ｇｕó，国）。
十(shi)三年（前685），齐(qi)国(guo)人(ren)管(guan)至父(fu)(fu)、连称等杀(sha)了他(ta)们的(de)君(jun)主襄公(gong)，拥立(li)公(gong)孙无知。晋国(guo)灭(mie)了霍、魏、耿三国(guo)。齐(qi)国(guo)雍(yong)廪杀(sha)死(si)无知、管(guan)至父(fu)(fu)等人(ren)，拥立(li)齐(qi)桓公(gong)。齐(qi)国(guo)、晋国(guo)成(cheng)了强(qiang)国(guo)。
十九年（前679），晋(jin)国的曲沃(wo)武公(gong)灭掉(diao)晋(jin)侯缗（ｍíｎ，民），开始做了晋(jin)侯。齐桓公(gong)在鄄（ｊｕàｎ，倦）地称(cheng)霸(ba)。
二(er)十(shi)年（前678），秦武公去世，葬在雍邑(yi)平(ping)阳。这时开始用人殉(xun)葬，给武公殉(xun)葬的(de)有(you)(you)六十(shi)六人。武公有(you)(you)个儿子，名(ming)叫(jiao)白。白没有(you)(you)被立为君(jun)，被封(feng)在平(ping)阳。立武公的(de)弟弟德公做了国君(jun)。
德公(gong)元年（前677），开始住(zhu)进雍城的大郑宫。用牛羊猪各三(san)百头在(zai)鄜(fu)畤祭(ji)祀(si)天地。占(zhan)卜居住(zhu)在(zai)雍地是否适宜，占(zhan)卜的结果是：后(hou)代子(zi)孙将(jiang)到(dao)黄河边上去饮马(ma)。梁伯、芮(rui)（ｒｕì，锐）伯来朝见。二年（前676），开始规(gui)定(ding)伏日，杀狗祭(ji)祀(si)以祛除热毒邪气。德公(gong)到(dao)三(san)十(shi)三(san)岁才(cai)登位(wei)，在(zai)位(wei)两(liang)年去世。他生了(le)三(san)个儿子(zi)：长子(zi)宣(xuan)公(gong)，次子(zi)成公(gong)，少子(zi)穆公(gong)。长子(zi)宣(xuan)公(gong)继位(wei)。
宣公元年(nian)（前(qian)675），卫(wei)国(guo)(guo)燕国(guo)(guo)攻打周(zhou)王室(shi)，把惠(hui)(hui)王赶出朝廷，拥立王子穨(tui)（ｔｕí，颓(tui)）为帝。三年(nian)（前(qian)673），郑伯(bo)、虢(guo)叔杀死了王子穨(tui)，送惠(hui)(hui)王返(fan)回朝中(zhong)。四年(nian)（前(qian)672），秦国(guo)(guo)修建(jian)密(mi)畤。与晋国(guo)(guo)在河(he)阳作战(zhan)，战(zhan)胜了晋军。十二年(nian)（前(qian)664），宣公去世。他生(sheng)了九个儿子，没有一(yi)个继位，立了宣公的弟(di)弟(di)成公。
成(cheng)公(gong)元年（前663），梁(liang)伯、芮伯来朝见。齐桓公(gong)征伐(fa)山戎(rong)，军队驻扎(zha)在(zai)孤竹。
成(cheng)公(gong)(gong)在位四(si)年去世。他有七(qi)个儿(er)子，没有一个继(ji)位，立了(le)成(cheng)公(gong)(gong)的弟弟缪（ｍù，穆）公(gong)(gong)。
缪公(gong)(gong)任好元年(nian)(nian)（前659），缪公(gong)(gong)亲(qin)自率兵征伐茅津，取(qu)得胜利。四年(nian)(nian)（前656），从晋(jin)国(guo)迎娶了妻子，他是晋(jin)太子申生(sheng)的姐姐。这年(nian)(nian)，齐(qi)桓公(gong)(gong)攻(gong)打楚国(guo)，打到邵陵。
五(wu)年（前655），晋(jin)献(xian)公(gong)灭(mie)了(le)(le)(le)(le)虞(yu)(yu)(yu)国(guo)(guo)和(he)虢国(guo)(guo)，俘(fu)虏了(le)(le)(le)(le)虞(yu)(yu)(yu)君(jun)(jun)(jun)和(he)他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)夫百(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)(li)(li)傒(xi)（ｘī，奚），这是(shi)由于(yu)事(shi)先晋(jin)献(xian)公(gong)送给虞(yu)(yu)(yu)君(jun)(jun)(jun)白玉和(he)良马(ma)以借道伐(fa)虢，虞(yu)(yu)(yu)君(jun)(jun)(jun)答应了(le)(le)(le)(le)。俘(fu)获(huo)了(le)(le)(le)(le)百(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)(li)(li)傒(xi)之(zhi)后，用(yong)他(ta)(ta)做(zuo)秦(qin)缪公(gong)夫人(ren)(ren)出嫁时(shi)(shi)陪嫁的(de)(de)(de)(de)奴隶送到(dao)秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)。百(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)(li)(li)傒(xi)逃离(li)秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)跑到(dao)宛（ｙｕāｎ，渊）地，楚(chu)国(guo)(guo)边境的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)捉(zhuo)住了(le)(le)(le)(le)他(ta)(ta)。缪公(gong)听(ting)说(shuo)百(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)(li)(li)傒(xi)有(you)才能(neng)，想(xiang)(xiang)用(yong)重(zhong)金(jin)赎买(mai)他(ta)(ta)，但(dan)又担(dan)心楚(chu)国(guo)(guo)不给，就派(pai)(pai)人(ren)(ren)对楚(chu)王(wang)说(shuo)：“我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)家的(de)(de)(de)(de)陪嫁奴隶百(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)(li)(li)傒(xi)逃到(dao)这里(li)(li)(li)(li)，请允许我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)用(yong)五(wu)张黑(hei)色公(gong)羊(yang)皮(pi)赎回他(ta)(ta)。”楚(chu)国(guo)(guo)就答应了(le)(le)(le)(le)，交出百(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)(li)(li)傒(xi)。在这时(shi)(shi)，百(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)(li)(li)傒(xi)已经七十多岁。缪公(gong)解除了(le)(le)(le)(le)对他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)禁锢，跟他(ta)(ta)谈论国(guo)(guo)家大(da)事(shi)。百(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)(li)(li)傒(xi)推辞说(shuo)：“我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)是(shi)亡国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)臣(chen)，哪里(li)(li)(li)(li)值得您(nin)来(lai)询问？”缪公(gong)说(shuo)：“虞(yu)(yu)(yu)国(guo)(guo)国(guo)(guo)君(jun)(jun)(jun)不任用(yong)您(nin)，所(suo)以亡国(guo)(guo)了(le)(le)(le)(le)。这不是(shi)您(nin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)罪(zui)过(guo)。”缪公(gong)坚(jian)决询问。谈了(le)(le)(le)(le)三天，缪公(gong)非常高兴，把国(guo)(guo)家政(zheng)事(shi)交给了(le)(le)(le)(le)他(ta)(ta)，号(hao)称(cheng)五(wu)羖（ｇǔ，谷）大(da)夫。百(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)(li)(li)傒(xi)谦让(rang)说(shuo)：“我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)比不上(shang)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)朋友(you)蹇（ｊｉǎｎ，简）叔(shu)(shu)(shu)，蹇叔(shu)(shu)(shu)有(you)才能(neng)，可是(shi)世(shi)人(ren)(ren)没(mei)有(you)人(ren)(ren)知(zhi)道。我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)曾外出游学求官，被(bei)困在齐国(guo)(guo)，向（ｚｈì，至(zhi)）地的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)讨饭吃，蹇叔(shu)(shu)(shu)收留(liu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)。我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)因而想(xiang)(xiang)事(shi)奉齐国(guo)(guo)国(guo)(guo)君(jun)(jun)(jun)无知(zhi)，蹇叔(shu)(shu)(shu)阻止(zhi)了(le)(le)(le)(le)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)，我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)得以躲过(guo)了(le)(le)(le)(le)齐国(guo)(guo)发生政(zheng)变(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)那场灾难，于(yu)是(shi)到(dao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)周朝(chao)。周王(wang)子穨喜(xi)爱(ai)牛，我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)凭着养牛的(de)(de)(de)(de)本领求取禄位(wei)，穨想(xiang)(xiang)任用(yong)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)时(shi)(shi)，蹇叔(shu)(shu)(shu)劝阻我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)，我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)离(li)开了(le)(le)(le)(le)穨，才没(mei)有(you)跟穨一(yi)起被(bei)杀；事(shi)奉虞(yu)(yu)(yu)君(jun)(jun)(jun)时(shi)(shi)，蹇叔(shu)(shu)(shu)也劝阻过(guo)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)。我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)虽知(zhi)道虞(yu)(yu)(yu)君(jun)(jun)(jun)不能(neng)重(zhong)用(yong)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)，但(dan)实(shi)在是(shi)心里(li)(li)(li)(li)喜(xi)欢利禄和(he)爵位(wei)，就暂时(shi)(shi)留(liu)下了(le)(le)(le)(le)。我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)两(liang)次(ci)听(ting)了(le)(le)(le)(le)蹇叔(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)话，都得以逃脱险境；一(yi)次(ci)没(mei)听(ting)，就遇(yu)上(shang)了(le)(le)(le)(le)这次(ci)因虞(yu)(yu)(yu)君(jun)(jun)(jun)亡国(guo)(guo)而遭擒的(de)(de)(de)(de)灾难：因此我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)知(zhi)道蹇叔(shu)(shu)(shu)有(you)才能(neng)。”于(yu)是(shi)缪公(gong)派(pai)(pai)人(ren)(ren)带着厚重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)礼物去迎(ying)请蹇叔(shu)(shu)(shu)，让(rang)他(ta)(ta)当了(le)(le)(le)(le)上(shang)大(da)夫。
秋天，缪(mou)公亲(qin)自带兵攻打晋国，在河曲与晋交战。晋国骊姬制造了内乱(luan)，太子申(shen)生(sheng)被骊姬所害(hai)，死在新(xin)城(cheng)，公子重耳、夷(yi)吾出逃(tao)。
九年(nian)（前651），齐桓公(gong)在葵丘与各(ge)地诸(zhu)侯会盟。
晋献公去世。立骊姬的(de)儿子奚齐，他(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)臣子里克(ke)杀(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)了(le)奚齐。荀息立卓子，里克(ke)又杀(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)死(si)了(le)卓子和荀息。夷(yi)(yi)吾(wu)派人(ren)请秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)帮(bang)他(ta)(ta)(ta)回(hui)(hui)晋国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。缪公答应了(le)，派百(bai)里傒率兵去护(hu)送(song)(song)夷(yi)(yi)吾(wu)。夷(yi)(yi)吾(wu)对秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)说：“我如果(guo)真(zhen)能(neng)登位，愿意(yi)割让(rang)晋国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)河(he)西八(ba)座(zuo)城给秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。”等到他(ta)(ta)(ta)回(hui)(hui)到晋国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)登上了(le)君(jun)(jun)位，却派丕(pi)(pi)郑(zheng)去向(xiang)秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)道(dao)歉，违(wei)背了(le)诺(nuo)言，不(bu)(bu)肯(ken)给秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)河(he)西八(ba)座(zuo)城，并且杀(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)了(le)里克(ke)。丕(pi)(pi)郑(zheng)听(ting)说此事，十(shi)分害怕，就(jiu)跟(gen)秦(qin)缪公商议说：“晋国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)不(bu)(bu)想要(yao)夷(yi)(yi)吾(wu)为(wei)君(jun)(jun)，实际上想立重耳(er)为(wei)君(jun)(jun)。现在夷(yi)(yi)吾(wu)违(wei)背诺(nuo)言而且杀(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)了(le)里克(ke)，都(dou)是吕甥、郤(xi)（ｘì，细）芮(rui)的(de)主(zhu)意(yi)。希望您用重利赶快(kuai)把吕甥、郤(xi)芮(rui)叫(jiao)到秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)来(lai)，如果(guo)吕、郤(xi)两人(ren)来(lai)了(le)，那(nei)么(me)再送(song)(song)重耳(er)回(hui)(hui)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)就(jiu)方便(bian)了(le)。”缪公答应了(le)他(ta)(ta)(ta)，就(jiu)派人(ren)跟(gen)丕(pi)(pi)郑(zheng)一(yi)起回(hui)(hui)晋国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)去叫(jiao)吕甥、郤(xi)芮(rui)。吕、郤(xi)等人(ren)怀(huai)疑丕(pi)(pi)郑(zheng)有(you)诈(zha)谋(mou)，就(jiu)报告夷(yi)(yi)吾(wu)，杀(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)死(si)了(le)丕(pi)(pi)郑(zheng)。丕(pi)(pi)郑(zheng)的(de)儿子丕(pi)(pi)豹逃奔到秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，劝缪公说：“晋国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)君(jun)(jun)主(zhu)无道(dao)，百(bai)姓不(bu)(bu)亲附他(ta)(ta)(ta)，可以讨伐他(ta)(ta)(ta)了(le)。”缪公说：“百(bai)姓如果(guo)不(bu)(bu)认为(wei)合适，不(bu)(bu)拥护(hu)晋君(jun)(jun)，他(ta)(ta)(ta)们(men)(men)为(wei)什(shen)么(me)能(neng)杀(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)掉他(ta)(ta)(ta)们(men)(men)的(de)大臣呢？既然(ran)能(neng)杀(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)死(si)他(ta)(ta)(ta)们(men)(men)的(de)大臣，这正(zheng)是由(you)于晋国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)上下还(hai)是协(xie)调(diao)的(de)。”缪公不(bu)(bu)公开听(ting)从丕(pi)(pi)豹的(de)计谋(mou)，但在暗(an)中却重用他(ta)(ta)(ta)。
十二年（前648），齐国管仲、隰朋去世。
晋国(guo)大旱，派(pai)人来秦国(guo)请求援助(zhu)粮(liang)食。丕(pi)豹劝说缪(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)不要(yao)给(ji)(ji)，要(yao)缪(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)趁着晋国(guo)荒歉去(qu)攻打它。缪(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)去(qu)问公(gong)(gong)(gong)孙(sun)支(zhi)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)孙(sun)支(zhi)说：“荒歉与(yu)丰收是(shi)交替出(chu)现的(de)事，不能不给(ji)(ji)。”又问百(bai)里傒(xi)，百(bai)里傒(xi)说：“夷吾得罪(zui)了(le)您，他的(de)百(bai)姓有什(shen)么罪(zui)？”缪(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)采纳百(bai)里傒(xi)、公(gong)(gong)(gong)孙(sun)支(zhi)的(de)意见，最后还是(shi)给(ji)(ji)晋国(guo)粮(liang)食了(le)。水路(lu)用(yong)船，陆路(lu)用(yong)车给(ji)(ji)晋国(guo)运去(qu)粮(liang)食，从雍都出(chu)发，源(yuan)源(yuan)不断(duan)地直到(dao)绛（ｊｉàｎｇ，降）城(cheng)。
十(shi)四年(nian)（前(qian)(qian)646），秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)发(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生饥荒，请(qing)求晋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)国(guo)援(yuan)助(zhu)粮食。晋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)国(guo)就(jiu)此(ci)(ci)事(shi)(shi)(shi)征求群臣的意见。虢射说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)：“趁(chen)着(zhe)(zhe)秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)闹饥荒去攻打它(ta)，可以(yi)(yi)(yi)大获(huo)成功。”晋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)听(ting)(ting)从(cong)了(le)他(ta)(ta)的意见。十(shi)五年(nian)（前(qian)(qian)645）晋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)国(guo)发(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)动军(jun)队攻打秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)。缪(mou)(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)也发(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)兵，让(rang)丕豹率(lv)领大军(jun)，亲自前(qian)(qian)往迎击。九(jiu)日壬戌日，与(yu)晋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)惠(hui)公(gong)(gong)夷(yi)吾(wu)(wu)在(zai)韩地(di)交战。晋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)甩下(xia)(xia)自己(ji)的部(bu)队独(du)自往前(qian)(qian)冲，跟(gen)(gen)秦(qin)(qin)军(jun)争(zheng)夺财物，回来的时(shi)(shi)候(hou)，驾车(che)的战马(ma)陷到(dao)深泥(ni)里。缪(mou)(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)与(yu)部(bu)下(xia)(xia)纵(zong)马(ma)驱(qu)车(che)追(zhui)赶，没能(neng)抓到(dao)晋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，反(fan)而被晋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)军(jun)包围了(le)。晋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)军(jun)攻击缪(mou)(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)，缪(mou)(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)受了(le)伤(shang)。这时(shi)(shi)，曾在(zai)岐(qi)山下(xia)(xia)偷吃缪(mou)(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)良(liang)马(ma)的三(san)百(bai)多个乡(xiang)下(xia)(xia)人(ren)不顾危险(xian)驱(qu)马(ma)冲入晋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)军(jun)，晋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)军(jun)的包围被冲开，不仅使缪(mou)(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)得以(yi)(yi)(yi)脱险(xian)，反(fan)而又活捉了(le)晋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。当(dang)初(chu)，缪(mou)(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)丢失了(le)一(yi)(yi)匹良(liang)马(ma)，岐(qi)山下(xia)(xia)的三(san)百(bai)多个乡(xiang)下(xia)(xia)人(ren)一(yi)(yi)块儿把它(ta)抓来吃掉了(le)，官吏捕捉到(dao)他(ta)(ta)们，要(yao)加(jia)以(yi)(yi)(yi)法办。缪(mou)(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)：“君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)不能(neng)因为牲畜的缘故(gu)而伤(shang)害人(ren)。我(wo)听(ting)(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，吃了(le)良(liang)马(ma)肉，如果不喝(he)洒，会(hui)伤(shang)人(ren)。”于(yu)(yu)是(shi)就(jiu)赐酒给他(ta)(ta)们喝(he)，并(bing)(bing)赦免了(le)他(ta)(ta)们。这三(san)百(bai)人(ren)听(ting)(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)要(yao)去攻打晋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)国(guo)，都要(yao)求跟(gen)(gen)着(zhe)(zhe)去。在(zai)作战时(shi)(shi)，他(ta)(ta)们发(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)现缪(mou)(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)被敌包围，都高举兵器，争(zheng)先(xian)死战，以(yi)(yi)(yi)报答吃马(ma)肉被赦免的恩(en)德。于(yu)(yu)是(shi)缪(mou)(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)俘虏(lu)了(le)晋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)回到(dao)秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)，向全国(guo)发(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)布(bu)命(ming)令：“人(ren)人(ren)斋戒独(du)宿(su)，我(wo)将用晋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)祭祀上帝(di)。”周(zhou)天子(zi)听(ting)(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)此(ci)(ci)事(shi)(shi)(shi)，说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)“晋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)是(shi)我(wo)的同(tong)姓”，替晋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)求情。夷(yi)吾(wu)(wu)的姐姐是(shi)秦(qin)(qin)缪(mou)(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)的夫人(ren)，她听(ting)(ting)到(dao)这件(jian)事(shi)(shi)(shi)，就(jiu)穿上丧服(fu)，光(guang)着(zhe)(zhe)脚(jiao)，说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)：“我(wo)不能(neng)挽救(jiu)自己(ji)的兄弟，以(yi)(yi)(yi)致还(hai)得让(rang)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)上下(xia)(xia)命(ming)令杀(sha)他(ta)(ta)，实在(zai)有辱(ru)于(yu)(yu)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)上。”缪(mou)(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)：“我(wo)俘获(huo)了(le)晋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)为是(shi)成就(jiu)了(le)一(yi)(yi)件(jian)大事(shi)(shi)(shi)，可是(shi)现在(zai)天子(zi)来求情，夫人(ren)也为此(ci)(ci)事(shi)(shi)(shi)而忧愁。”于(yu)(yu)是(shi)跟(gen)(gen)晋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)订立盟约，答应让(rang)他(ta)(ta)回国(guo)，并(bing)(bing)给他(ta)(ta)换了(le)上等的房舍住宿(su)，送给他(ta)(ta)牛羊猪(zhu)各(ge)七(qi)头，以(yi)(yi)(yi)诸侯之礼(li)相(xiang)待。十(shi)一(yi)(yi)月，送晋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)夷(yi)吾(wu)(wu)回国(guo)；夷(yi)吾(wu)(wu)献出晋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)国(guo)河西的土(tu)地(di)，派太子(zi)圉（ｙǔ，语）到(dao)秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)作人(ren)质。秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)把同(tong)宗的女儿嫁给子(zi)圉。这时(shi)(shi)候(hou)，秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)的地(di)盘向东已经扩展(zhan)到(dao)黄河。
十(shi)(shi)八年(nian)（前642），齐(qi)桓公去世。二十(shi)(shi)年(nian)（前640），秦国灭了梁(liang)、芮二国。
二(er)十二(er)年(nian)（前638），晋(jin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)圉(yu)(yu)听说(shuo)晋(jin)君(jun)(jun)生病，说(shuo)：“梁(liang)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)是我母亲的(de)(de)家(jia)乡，秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)却灭(mie)了(le)它。我兄弟众(zhong)多，如果父君(jun)(jun)百年(nian)后(hou)，秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)必(bi)定留住我，晋(jin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)也不会重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)视我，而(er)改立其他公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)。”于(yu)(yu)是子(zi)(zi)圉(yu)(yu)逃(tao)离秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，回(hui)到(dao)晋(jin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。二(er)十三年(nian)（前637），晋(jin)惠公(gong)(gong)(gong)去(qu)世(shi)，子(zi)(zi)圉(yu)(yu)即(ji)位为君(jun)(jun)。秦(qin)君(jun)(jun)对(dui)圉(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)逃(tao)离十分(fen)恼恨(hen)，就从楚国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)迎(ying)来晋(jin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)耳(er)，并把原来子(zi)(zi)圉(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)妻子(zi)(zi)嫁给(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)耳(er)。重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)耳(er)起而(er)推辞(ci)不肯，后(hou)来就接受了(le)。缪公(gong)(gong)(gong)对(dui)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)耳(er)更加以(yi)礼厚(hou)待(dai)。二(er)十四年(nian)（前636）春天，秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)派(pai)(pai)人(ren)(ren)告诉晋(jin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)大臣，要送重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)耳(er)回(hui)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。晋(jin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)答应(ying)了(le)，于(yu)(yu)是派(pai)(pai)人(ren)(ren)护送重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)耳(er)回(hui)到(dao)晋(jin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。二(er)月(yue)，重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)耳(er)登位成为晋(jin)君(jun)(jun)，这就是晋(jin)文(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)。文(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)派(pai)(pai)人(ren)(ren)杀了(le)子(zi)(zi)圉(yu)(yu)。子(zi)(zi)圉(yu)(yu)就是晋(jin)怀(huai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)。
这(zhei)年(nian)秋天(tian)，周(zhou)襄(xiang)王(wang)的(de)弟弟带(dai)，借助(zhu)(zhu)狄人的(de)军队攻打襄(xiang)王(wang)，襄(xiang)王(wang)出(chu)逃，住在郑国(guo)。二(er)(er)十五年(nian)（前(qian)635），周(zhou)襄(xiang)王(wang)派人向晋(jin)(jin)国(guo)、秦(qin)国(guo)通(tong)告了(le)发生祸(huo)难(nan)的(de)情况(kuang)。秦(qin)缪公(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)兵帮助(zhu)(zhu)晋(jin)(jin)文(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)护送周(zhou)襄(xiang)王(wang)回朝，杀(sha)死(si)襄(xiang)王(wang)的(de)弟弟带(dai)。二(er)(er)十八年(nian)（前(qian)632），晋(jin)(jin)文(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)在城濮打败楚军。三(san)十年(nian)（前(qian)630），缪公(gong)(gong)(gong)帮助(zhu)(zhu)晋(jin)(jin)文(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)包围了(le)郑国(guo)。郑国(guo)派人对(dui)缪公(gong)(gong)(gong)说：“灭掉(diao)郑国(guo)，其结果是(shi)使(shi)晋(jin)(jin)国(guo)实力增强，这(zhei)对(dui)晋(jin)(jin)国(guo)是(shi)有(you)利(li)的(de)，而对(dui)秦(qin)国(guo)却无利(li)。晋(jin)(jin)国(guo)强大了(le)，就会成为秦(qin)国(guo)的(de)忧患(huan)。”缪公(gong)(gong)(gong)于是(shi)撤军，返回秦(qin)国(guo)。晋(jin)(jin)国(guo)也只(zhi)好撤军。三(san)十二(er)(er)年(nian)（前(qian)628）冬，晋(jin)(jin)文(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)去世(shi)。
郑国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)个(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)向(xiang)秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)出(chu)卖郑国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)说(shuo)(shuo)：“我(wo)掌管郑国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)门(men)(men)，可以来(lai)(lai)偷(tou)袭郑国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。”缪(mou)公去(qu)(qu)问蹇(jian)叔(shu)、百(bai)里(li)傒，两个(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)回(hui)答说(shuo)(shuo)：“路(lu)经(jing)数国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)界，到(dao)千里(li)之外去(qu)(qu)袭击(ji)别人(ren)(ren)(ren)，很少有(you)(you)占便宜(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。再说(shuo)(shuo)，既然有(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)出(chu)卖郑国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，怎么(me)知(zhi)道我(wo)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)就(jiu)没有(you)(you)把我(wo)们(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)实情(qing)告(gao)诉郑国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)呢？不(bu)(bu)能袭击(ji)郑国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。”缪(mou)公说(shuo)(shuo)：“你们(men)不(bu)(bu)懂得，我(wo)已经(jing)决定了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。”于(yu)是(shi)(shi)出(chu)兵，派(pai)百(bai)里(li)傒的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)儿子孟明视、蹇(jian)叔(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)儿子西乞术和(he)白乙(yi)丙率兵。军(jun)(jun)队(dui)(dui)出(chu)发的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)那天，百(bai)里(li)傒、蹇(jian)叔(shu)二(er)人(ren)(ren)(ren)对着(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)军(jun)(jun)队(dui)(dui)大(da)(da)哭(ku)。缪(mou)公听(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，生气地(di)说(shuo)(shuo)：“我(wo)派(pai)兵出(chu)发，你们(men)却拦(lan)着(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)军(jun)(jun)队(dui)(dui)大(da)(da)哭(ku)，这是(shi)(shi)为什(shen)么(me)？”二(er)位老(lao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)说(shuo)(shuo)：“为臣(chen)不(bu)(bu)敢阻拦(lan)军(jun)(jun)队(dui)(dui)。部队(dui)(dui)要走(zou)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，我(wo)俩的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)儿子在(zai)(zai)军(jun)(jun)队(dui)(dui)中也将前(qian)往；如今我(wo)们(men)年岁已大(da)(da)，他(ta)(ta)(ta)们(men)如果回(hui)来(lai)(lai)晚了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，恐怕(pa)就(jiu)见(jian)(jian)不(bu)(bu)着(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，所以才(cai)哭(ku)。”二(er)位老(lao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)退(tui)回(hui)来(lai)(lai)对他(ta)(ta)(ta)们(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)儿子说(shuo)(shuo)：“你们(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部队(dui)(dui)如果失败(bai)，一定是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)殽山的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)险要处。”三(san)十三(san)年（前(qian)627）春天，秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)军(jun)(jun)队(dui)(dui)向(xiang)东进(jin)发，穿过晋国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，从(cong)周(zhou)(zhou)朝都城(cheng)(cheng)北门(men)(men)经(jing)过。周(zhou)(zhou)朝的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)王孙满看见(jian)(jian)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)军(jun)(jun)队(dui)(dui)以后说(shuo)(shuo)：“秦(qin)军(jun)(jun)不(bu)(bu)懂礼仪，不(bu)(bu)打败(bai)仗还(hai)等什(shen)么(me)！”军(jun)(jun)队(dui)(dui)开进(jin)到(dao)滑邑，郑国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)商(shang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)弦高带(dai)着(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)十二(er)头牛准备去(qu)(qu)周(zhou)(zhou)朝都城(cheng)(cheng)出(chu)卖，碰见(jian)(jian)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)秦(qin)军(jun)(jun)，他(ta)(ta)(ta)害怕(pa)被秦(qin)军(jun)(jun)杀(sha)掉或俘虏，就(jiu)献上他(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)牛，说(shuo)(shuo)：“听(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)贵国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)要去(qu)(qu)讨伐郑国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，郑君已认真做了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)防守(shou)和(he)抵(di)御的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)准备，还(hai)派(pai)我(wo)带(dai)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)十二(er)头牛来(lai)(lai)慰劳贵国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)士兵。”秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三(san)位将军(jun)(jun)一起商(shang)量说(shuo)(shuo)：“ 我(wo)们(men)要去(qu)(qu)袭击(ji)郑国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，郑国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)现在(zai)(zai)已经(jing)知(zhi)道了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，去(qu)(qu)也袭击(ji)不(bu)(bu)成了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。”于(yu)是(shi)(shi)灭掉滑邑。滑邑是(shi)(shi)晋国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)边境城(cheng)(cheng)邑。
这(zhei)时候，晋文公(gong)(gong)死了(le)还(hai)没有安(an)葬(zang)。太子襄公(gong)(gong)愤怒地说(shuo)：“秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)欺侮我刚(gang)刚(gang)丧(sang)(sang)父，趁我办丧(sang)(sang)事的时候攻破我国(guo)(guo)(guo)的滑邑。”于是把(ba)丧(sang)(sang)服染成黑色，以方(fang)便行(xing)军(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)作(zuo)战(zhan)，发兵在殽山阻截秦(qin)军(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。晋军(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)发起攻击(ji)，把(ba)秦(qin)军(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)打得大败，没有一个(ge)人(ren)能够逃(tao)脱(tuo)。晋军(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)俘(fu)获了(le)秦(qin)军(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)三(san)(san)位(wei)(wei)将(jiang)军(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)返回(hui)都(dou)城。晋文公(gong)(gong)的夫人(ren)是秦(qin)缪(mou)公(gong)(gong)的女儿，他替秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)三(san)(san)位(wei)(wei)被俘(fu)的将(jiang)军(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)求情说(shuo)：“缪(mou)公(gong)(gong)对这(zhei)三(san)(san)个(ge)人(ren)恨之入骨，希(xi)望您放他们(men)(men)(men)(men)回(hui)国(guo)(guo)(guo)，好让我国(guo)(guo)(guo)国(guo)(guo)(guo)君(jun)能亲自痛痛快快地煮(zhu)掉他们(men)(men)(men)(men)。”晋君(jun)答应(ying)了(le)，放秦(qin)军(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)三(san)(san)位(wei)(wei)将(jiang)军(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)归国(guo)(guo)(guo)。三(san)(san)位(wei)(wei)将(jiang)军(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)回(hui)国(guo)(guo)(guo)后，缪(mou)公(gong)(gong)穿着(zhe)白色丧(sang)(sang)服到郊(jiao)外迎接他们(men)(men)(men)(men)，向三(san)(san)人(ren)哭着(zhe)说(shuo)：“寡(gua)人(ren)因为没有听从百里傒、蹇叔的话，以致让你(ni)们(men)(men)(men)(men)三(san)(san)位(wei)(wei)受了(le)屈(qu)辱(ru)，你(ni)们(men)(men)(men)(men)三(san)(san)位(wei)(wei)有什(shen)么罪(zui)呢？你(ni)们(men)(men)(men)(men)要拿(na)出(chu)全部心(xin)力洗雪这(zhei)个(ge)耻辱(ru)，不要松(song)懈。”于是恢(hui)复(fu)了(le)三(san)(san)个(ge)人(ren)原(yuan)来的官职俸(feng)禄，更加(jia)厚(hou)待他们(men)(men)(men)(men)。
三十四年（前626），楚国太(tai)子商臣杀了(le)他的父亲楚成王(wang)，接替(ti)了(le)王(wang)位。
秦缪(mou)公这时(shi)候再次派孟明视等率兵攻(gong)打晋国(guo)，在彭衙交战(zhan)。秦军作(zuo)战(zhan)不利，撤军返回。
戎(rong)(rong)(rong)王(wang)(wang)派由(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)出使秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。由(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)，祖先是(shi)(shi)(shi)晋国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人，逃亡到(dao)(dao)戎(rong)(rong)(rong)地(di)(di)，他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)还能说(shuo)(shuo)晋国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)方言。戎(rong)(rong)(rong)王(wang)(wang)听(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)缪(mou)(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)贤明，就(jiu)(jiu)派由(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)去观察秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。秦(qin)缪(mou)(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)向他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)炫示了(le)(le)宫(gong)室(shi)和(he)(he)积蓄(xu)(xu)的(de)财宝。由(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)说(shuo)(shuo)：“这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)些(xie)宫(gong)室(shi)积蓄(xu)(xu)，如果是(shi)(shi)(shi)让(rang)(rang)鬼神(shen)营(ying)造，那么(me)就(jiu)(jiu)使鬼神(shen)劳累了(le)(le)；如果是(shi)(shi)(shi)让(rang)(rang)百姓营(ying)造的(de)，那么(me)也使百姓受苦了(le)(le)。”缪(mou)(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)觉得他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)话(hua)奇(qi)怪，问(wen)(wen)道：“中(zhong)原各国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)借助(zhu)诗书礼(li)乐和(he)(he)法(fa)律(lv)处(chu)理(li)政(zheng)务，还不(bu)时(shi)地(di)(di)出现祸(huo)乱呢，现在(zai)戎(rong)(rong)(rong)族没有这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)些(xie)，用什么(me)来(lai)治(zhi)理(li)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家，岂(qi)不(bu)很困难吗(ma)！”由(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)笑(xiao)着说(shuo)(shuo)：“这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)些(xie)正是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)原各国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)发生祸(huo)乱的(de)根源所(suo)在(zai)。自上(shang)(shang)(shang)古圣人黄帝创(chuang)造了(le)(le)礼(li)乐法(fa)度(du)(du)，并(bing)亲自带(dai)头贯彻执行，也只是(shi)(shi)(shi)实现了(le)(le)小的(de)太(tai)平。到(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)后(hou)代。君(jun)(jun)主(zhu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)比(bi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)骄(jiao)奢淫逸。依仗着法(fa)律(lv)制度(du)(du)的(de)威严来(lai)要求(qiu)(qiu)和(he)(he)监督民(min)(min)众(zhong)，民(min)(min)众(zhong)感到(dao)(dao)疲(pi)惫了(le)(le)就(jiu)(jiu)怨(yuan)恨君(jun)(jun)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，要求(qiu)(qiu)实行仁义。上(shang)(shang)(shang)下互相(xiang)(xiang)怨(yuan)恨，篡夺屠(tu)杀(sha)，甚至灭绝家族，都(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)于(yu)礼(li)乐法(fa)度(du)(du)这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)些(xie)东西啊(a)。而(er)(er)戎(rong)(rong)(rong)族却不(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)样(yang)。在(zai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)位者(zhe)怀(huai)着淳厚的(de)仁德来(lai)对待(dai)(dai)下面的(de)臣(chen)民(min)(min)，臣(chen)民(min)(min)满怀(huai)忠信来(lai)侍奉(feng)君(jun)(jun)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，整个(ge)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家的(de)政(zheng)事(shi)就(jiu)(jiu)像一(yi)(yi)(yi)个(ge)人支配自己(ji)的(de)身体一(yi)(yi)(yi)样(yang)，无须了(le)(le)解(jie)什么(me)治(zhi)理(li)的(de)方法(fa)，这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)才真(zhen)正是(shi)(shi)(shi)圣人治(zhi)理(li)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家啊(a)。”缪(mou)(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)退(tui)朝之(zhi)后(hou)，就(jiu)(jiu)问(wen)(wen)内史王(wang)(wang)廖说(shuo)(shuo)：“我听(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)邻国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有圣人，这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)将是(shi)(shi)(shi)对立国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家的(de)忧患。现在(zai)由(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)有才能，这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)我的(de)祸(huo)害，我该(gai)怎么(me)办(ban)呢？”内史王(wang)(wang)廖说(shuo)(shuo)：“戎(rong)(rong)(rong)王(wang)(wang)地(di)(di)处(chu)偏僻，不(bu)曾听(ting)过中(zhong)原地(di)(di)区的(de)乐曲。您(nin)不(bu)妨试试送他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)歌舞伎(ji)女(nv)，借以改变(bian)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)心(xin)志。并(bing)且为由(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)向戎(rong)(rong)(rong)王(wang)(wang)请求(qiu)(qiu)延期返戎(rong)(rong)(rong)，以此来(lai)疏远他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)们(men)君(jun)(jun)臣(chen)之(zhi)间的(de)关(guan)系；同时(shi)留(liu)住由(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)不(bu)让(rang)(rang)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)回去，以此来(lai)延误他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)回国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)日期。戎(rong)(rong)(rong)王(wang)(wang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定会(hui)感到(dao)(dao)奇(qi)怪，因而(er)(er)怀(huai)疑由(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)。他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)们(men)君(jun)(jun)臣(chen)之(zhi)间有了(le)(le)隔阂，就(jiu)(jiu)可以俘获他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)了(le)(le)。再说(shuo)(shuo)戎(rong)(rong)(rong)王(wang)(wang)喜(xi)欢上(shang)(shang)(shang)音(yin)乐，就(jiu)(jiu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定没有心(xin)思处(chu)理(li)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)事(shi)了(le)(le)。”缪(mou)(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)说(shuo)(shuo)：“好。”于(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)缪(mou)(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)与由(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)座席相(xiang)(xiang)连而(er)(er)坐，互递杯(bei)盏一(yi)(yi)(yi)块儿吃喝，向由(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)询问(wen)(wen)戎(rong)(rong)(rong)地(di)(di)的(de)地(di)(di)形和(he)(he)兵力，把情况了(le)(le)解(jie)得一(yi)(yi)(yi)清(qing)二楚，然后(hou)命令内史王(wang)(wang)廖送给戎(rong)(rong)(rong)王(wang)(wang)十六名歌*。戎(rong)(rong)(rong)王(wang)(wang)接受，并(bing)且非(fei)常喜(xi)爱迷恋，整整一(yi)(yi)(yi)年不(bu)曾迁徙，更换草地(di)(di)，牛马死(si)了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)半。这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)时(shi)候，秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)才让(rang)(rang)由(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)回国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。由(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)多次向戎(rong)(rong)(rong)王(wang)(wang)进(jin)谏(jian)，戎(rong)(rong)(rong)王(wang)(wang)都(dou)不(bu)听(ting)，缪(mou)(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)又屡次派人秘密邀请由(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)，由(you)(you)(you)(you)余(yu)于(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)离开戎(rong)(rong)(rong)王(wang)(wang)，投降了(le)(le)秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。缪(mou)(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)以宾客(ke)之(zhi)礼(li)相(xiang)(xiang)待(dai)(dai)，对他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)非(fei)常尊敬，向他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)询问(wen)(wen)应该(gai)在(zai)什么(me)样(yang)的(de)形势下进(jin)攻戎(rong)(rong)(rong)族。
三十六年（前(qian)624），缪(mou)公更(geng)加厚待孟明等(deng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，派他(ta)们(men)(men)(men)率兵进攻晋国(guo)(guo)，渡(du)过(guo)(guo)黄河就焚毁了(le)船只，以(yi)示决死战(zhan)斗，结果(guo)把晋国(guo)(guo)打(da)得大败，夺取(qu)了(le)王官和(he)鄗（ｊｉāｏ，郊(jiao)）地，为殽(yao)山(shan)战(zhan)役(yi)(yi)报了(le)仇。晋国(guo)(guo)军(jun)队都据城防守，不(bu)敢出战(zhan)。于是缪(mou)公就从茅津渡(du)过(guo)(guo)黄河，为殽(yao)山(shan)战(zhan)役(yi)(yi)牺牲(sheng)的将士(shi)筑坟，给他(ta)们(men)(men)(men)发丧(sang)，痛(tong)哭三天。向(xiang)秦(qin)(qin)军(jun)发誓(shi)说(shuo)：“喂，将士(shi)们(men)(men)(men)！你们(men)(men)(men)听着(zhe)，不(bu)要(yao)吵嚷，我(wo)向(xiang)你们(men)(men)(men)发誓(shi)。我(wo)要(yao)告(gao)诉你们(men)(men)(men)，古(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)办事虚(xu)心听取(qu)老年人(ren)(ren)(ren)的意(yi)见，所以(yi)不(bu)会有什么(me)过(guo)(guo)错。”缪(mou)公反复思考自(zi)己不(bu)采纳蹇叔(shu)、百里傒的计谋而(er)造成的过(guo)(guo)失(shi)，因此发出这样的誓(shi)言，让后代记(ji)住(zhu)自(zi)己的过(guo)(guo)失(shi)。君(jun)子们(men)(men)(men)听说(shuo)这件事，都为之落泪(lei)，说(shuo)：“啊！秦(qin)(qin)缪(mou)公待人(ren)(ren)(ren)真周到，终于得到了(le)孟明等(deng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)胜利的喜庆。”
三十七年（前623），秦(qin)国(guo)采用(yong)由(you)余的(de)(de)(de)计谋攻(gong)打戎(rong)王(wang)，增加了(le)十二个(ge)属(shu)国(guo)，开避了(le)千里疆土(tu)，终(zhong)于(yu)(yu)称霸于(yu)(yu)西戎(rong)地区。周天(tian)子派召(zhao)（ｓｈàｏ，绍(shao)）公过(guo)带着钲（ｚｈēｎｇ，征(zheng)）、鼓等军中(zhong)指(zhi)挥用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)器物去向缪(mou)公表示祝贺(he)。三十九年（前621），秦(qin)缪(mou)公去世，安(an)葬在(zai)雍。陪葬的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)达一(yi)百七十七人(ren)，秦(qin)国(guo)良(liang)臣子舆氏名叫奄息、仲(zhong)行(xing)、鍼虎的(de)(de)(de)三个(ge)人(ren)也(ye)属(shu)陪葬者之列。秦(qin)国(guo)人(ren)为(wei)他(ta)们(men)悲痛，并为(wei)此(ci)而(er)作(zuo)了(le)一(yi)首(shou)题为(wei)《黄鸟》的(de)(de)(de)诗。君子说(shuo)：“秦(qin)缪(mou)公扩展疆土(tu)，增加属(shu)国(guo)，在(zai)东方(fang)征(zheng)服了(le)强大的(de)(de)(de)晋(jin)国(guo)，在(zai)西方(fang)称霸了(le)西戎(rong)，但是他(ta)没(mei)有成为(wei)诸侯的(de)(de)(de)盟主，这(zhei)也(ye)是理(li)所当然的(de)(de)(de)！因为(wei)他(ta)死了(le)就置(zhi)百姓(xing)于(yu)(yu)不顾，还拿他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)良(liang)臣为(wei)自己殉葬。古代有德(de)行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)帝王(wang)逝世尚且遗留下好的(de)(de)(de)道(dao)德(de)和法度，而(er)他(ta)没(mei)有做(zuo)到这(zhei)些，更何况还夺走(zou)百姓(xing)所同情(qing)的(de)(de)(de)好人(ren)、良(liang)臣呢？由(you)此(ci)可以断(duan)定(ding)秦(qin)国(guo)不可能再东进了(le)。”缪(mou)公的(de)(de)(de)儿子有四(si)十人(ren)，他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)太(tai)子（ｙīｎｇ，婴(ying)）继(ji)承王(wang)位，这(zhei)就是康公。
康公(gong)(gong)元年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)620）。前(qian)一年(nian)(nian)，缪公(gong)(gong)去世(shi)的(de)时候，晋(jin)(jin)襄公(gong)(gong)也去世(shi)了(le)(le)(le)。晋(jin)(jin)襄公(gong)(gong)的(de)弟弟叫雍(yong)，是(shi)(shi)秦(qin)国(guo)之(zhi)女所生，住在秦(qin)国(guo)。晋(jin)(jin)卿赵盾想(xiang)拥(yong)立(li)他(ta)为君，派(pai)随会(hui)(hui)(hui)来接他(ta)，秦(qin)国(guo)派(pai)兵把雍(yong)护送到(dao)令狐。而晋(jin)(jin)国(guo)已(yi)立(li)了(le)(le)(le)襄公(gong)(gong)的(de)儿子，反倒来攻(gong)打(da)(da)(da)秦(qin)军(jun)，秦(qin)军(jun)战(zhan)(zhan)败，随会(hui)(hui)(hui)逃奔到(dao)秦(qin)国(guo)。二(er)年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)619），秦(qin)攻(gong)打(da)(da)(da)晋(jin)(jin)国(guo)，攻(gong)占了(le)(le)(le)武城，为令狐之(zhi)战(zhan)(zhan)报了(le)(le)(le)仇。四年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)617），晋(jin)(jin)国(guo)攻(gong)打(da)(da)(da)秦(qin)国(guo)，攻(gong)占了(le)(le)(le)少梁(liang)。六年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)615），秦(qin)国(guo)攻(gong)打(da)(da)(da)晋(jin)(jin)国(guo)，攻(gong)占了(le)(le)(le)羁（ｊī，基）马。两军(jun)在河曲交战(zhan)(zhan)，把晋(jin)(jin)军(jun)打(da)(da)(da)得大败。晋(jin)(jin)国(guo)人(ren)担(dan)心随会(hui)(hui)(hui)在秦(qin)国(guo)会(hui)(hui)(hui)给晋(jin)(jin)国(guo)造成祸患，就派(pai)魏雠（ｓｈòｕ，寿）余诈称叛晋(jin)(jin)降秦(qin)，与(yu)随会(hui)(hui)(hui)共(gong)谋返晋(jin)(jin)，用蒙骗手段笼住了(le)(le)(le)随会(hui)(hui)(hui)，随会(hui)(hui)(hui)于是(shi)(shi)回到(dao)晋(jin)(jin)国(guo)。康公(gong)(gong)在位二(er)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)去世(shi)，儿子共(gong)公(gong)(gong)继位。
共公(gong)二年（前607），晋国(guo)的赵穿杀了他的君主(zhu)灵(ling)公(gong)。三年（前606），楚庄王(wang)强大(da)(da)起来，向北进兵，一直深入到洛邑，询(xun)问周朝传国(guo)之宝九鼎(ding)的大(da)(da)小轻重，图谋夺取周朝的政权。共公(gong)在位五年去(qu)世(shi)，儿子桓公(gong)继(ji)位。
桓(huan)公(gong)(gong)三年(nian)（前(qian)601），晋(jin)军(jun)打(da)败秦(qin)军(jun)，俘虏了秦(qin)国(guo)的(de)将领(ling)赤。十(shi)(shi)年(nian)（前(qian)594），楚庄王征(zheng)服郑国(guo)，往(wang)北又(you)在黄(huang)河(he)岸上(shang)打(da)败了晋(jin)军(jun)。就在这个时(shi)候，楚国(guo)称霸，召集各诸侯举行盟(meng)(meng)会(hui)。二(er)十(shi)(shi)四年(nian)（前(qian)580），晋(jin)厉公(gong)(gong)刚刚即位(wei)，与(yu)秦(qin)桓(huan)公(gong)(gong)订(ding)立了以黄(huang)河(he)为(wei)界(jie)的(de)盟(meng)(meng)约(yue)。桓(huan)公(gong)(gong)回(hui)国(guo)后(hou)就背弃了盟(meng)(meng)约(yue)，与(yu)狄人(ren)合谋一块儿(er)攻(gong)打(da)晋(jin)国(guo)。二(er)十(shi)(shi)六(liu)年(nian)（前(qian)578），晋(jin)国(guo)率领(ling)诸侯攻(gong)打(da)秦(qin)国(guo)，秦(qin)军(jun)败逃，晋(jin)军(jun)一直追赶到泾水边(bian)上(shang)才返(fan)回(hui)。桓(huan)公(gong)(gong)在位(wei)二(er)十(shi)(shi)七年(nian)去世(shi)，儿(er)子景公(gong)(gong)继位(wei)。
景(jing)(jing)(jing)公(gong)(gong)四年（前(qian)(qian)(qian)573），晋(jin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)栾(luan)书杀(sha)了(le)(le)他的(de)(de)君(jun)(jun)主厉公(gong)(gong)。十(shi)(shi)五年（前(qian)(qian)(qian)562），秦(qin)军救郑国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，在栎（ｌì，力）邑打败晋(jin)军。这时候，晋(jin)悼公(gong)(gong)成(cheng)为(wei)盟(meng)(meng)主。十(shi)(shi)八年（前(qian)(qian)(qian)559），晋(jin)悼公(gong)(gong)强大(da)起(qi)来(lai)，多(duo)次召(zhao)集诸侯(hou)会盟(meng)(meng)，率领(ling)诸侯(hou)攻打秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，打败了(le)(le)秦(qin)军。秦(qin)军败逃(tao)，晋(jin)兵在后面追(zhui)赶，一直渡过泾水，追(zhui)到(dao)棫林才返回(hui)。二十(shi)(shi)七年（前(qian)(qian)(qian)550），秦(qin)景(jing)(jing)(jing)公(gong)(gong)到(dao)了(le)(le)晋(jin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，与(yu)晋(jin)平公(gong)(gong)订立(li)盟(meng)(meng)约，不久就背叛了(le)(le)盟(meng)(meng)约。三十(shi)(shi)六年（前(qian)(qian)(qian)541），楚(chu)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)公(gong)(gong)子围杀(sha)了(le)(le)他的(de)(de)君(jun)(jun)主自(zi)立(li)为(wei)王(wang)(wang)，这就是楚(chu)灵王(wang)(wang)。秦(qin)景(jing)(jing)(jing)公(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)同母兄弟后子鍼（ｚｈēｎ，针）得宠，而且(qie)富(fu)有，有人说(shuo)坏话诬陷他，他害怕被(bei)杀(sha)，就逃(tao)奔到(dao)晋(jin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，带着(zhe)锱重车上千辆。晋(jin)平公(gong)(gong)说(shuo)：“您这样富(fu)有，为(wei)什么还(hai)要逃(tao)亡(wang)呢？”后子鍼回(hui)答说(shuo)：“秦(qin)君(jun)(jun)无道，我(wo)害怕被(bei)杀(sha)害。想等到(dao)他的(de)(de)继承人登位再回(hui)去(qu)。”三十(shi)(shi)九年（前(qian)(qian)(qian)538），楚(chu)灵王(wang)(wang)强大(da)起(qi)来(lai)，在申地与(yu)诸侯(hou)会盟(meng)(meng)，做了(le)(le)盟(meng)(meng)主，杀(sha)了(le)(le)齐国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)庆(qing)封。景(jing)(jing)(jing)公(gong)(gong)在位四十(shi)(shi)年去(qu)世，儿子哀公(gong)(gong)继位。后子鍼又回(hui)到(dao)秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。
哀(ai)公八年（前(qian)529），楚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)国(guo)公子(zi)弃(qi)疾杀了楚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)灵王(wang)(wang)(wang)，自(zi)立为王(wang)(wang)(wang)，这(zhei)就是(shi)(shi)平王(wang)(wang)(wang)。十(shi)一(yi)年（前(qian)526）楚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)平王(wang)(wang)(wang)来(lai)迎娶秦(qin)女做(zuo)太(tai)子(zi)建(jian)的妻(qi)子(zi)。回(hui)到(dao)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)国(guo)，平王(wang)(wang)(wang)见女子(zi)漂亮，就自(zi)己娶了她。十(shi)五年（前(qian)522），楚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)平王(wang)(wang)(wang)想(xiang)杀死太(tai)子(zi)建(jian)，建(jian)逃(tao)(tao)跑了；伍子(zi)胥(xu)(xu)逃(tao)(tao)奔到(dao)吴国(guo)。晋(jin)国(guo)国(guo)君家族的权力削弱，范氏(shi)(shi)、中行氏(shi)(shi)、智氏(shi)(shi)、赵氏(shi)(shi)、韩(han)氏(shi)(shi)、魏氏(shi)(shi)六(liu)个家族世(shi)代为晋(jin)卿，势力强大，想(xiang)策(ce)动内战，因(yin)此好长时(shi)间秦(qin)、晋(jin)两国(guo)没(mei)(mei)有打(da)(da)仗。三十(shi)一(yi)年（前(qian)506），吴王(wang)(wang)(wang)阖闾（ｈé ｌǘ，合(he)阳平吕）与(yu)伍子(zi)胥(xu)(xu)攻打(da)(da)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)国(guo)，楚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)逃(tao)(tao)往(wang)随地(di)，吴军(jun)(jun)(jun)于(yu)是(shi)(shi)进入郢都(dou)。楚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)国(guo)大夫申包(bao)胥(xu)(xu)来(lai)秦(qin)国(guo)告(gao)急求援(yuan)，一(yi)连七天不吃饭，日夜哭泣(qi)。于(yu)是(shi)(shi)秦(qin)国(guo)就派(pai)兵车五百辆去援(yuan)救(jiu)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)国(guo)，打(da)(da)败了吴国(guo)军(jun)(jun)(jun)队。吴军(jun)(jun)(jun)撤(che)走了，楚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)昭王(wang)(wang)(wang)才得以(yi)重(zhong)回(hui)郢都(dou)。哀(ai)公在位三十(shi)六(liu)年去世(shi)。太(tai)子(zi)名叫夷公，夷公早(zao)死，没(mei)(mei)能继位，夷公的儿(er)子(zi)继位，这(zhei)就是(shi)(shi)惠公。
惠公元年(nian)（前500），孔子(zi)(zi)代(dai)理鲁(lu)国(guo)国(guo)相的职务。五年(nian)（前496），晋(jin)卿(qing)中(zhong)行氏(shi)(shi)、范(fan)氏(shi)(shi)反(fan)叛晋(jin)国(guo)，晋(jin)君派智氏(shi)(shi)和(he)赵(zhao)简子(zi)(zi)讨伐他们，范(fan)氏(shi)(shi)、中(zhong)行氏(shi)(shi)逃(tao)到齐(qi)国(guo)。惠公在位十年(nian)去世，儿子(zi)(zi)悼公继位。
悼公二年(nian)(nian)（前489），齐(qi)国(guo)(guo)大臣田(tian)(tian)乞杀了他的(de)(de)国(guo)(guo)君(jun)孺子(zi)(zi)，立孺子(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)哥哥阳生(sheng)为君(jun)，这就是(shi)齐(qi)悼公。六年(nian)(nian)（前485），吴(wu)军打败(bai)齐(qi)军。齐(qi)国(guo)(guo)人杀了悼公，立他的(de)(de)儿(er)子(zi)(zi)简(jian)公为君(jun)。九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)（前482），晋定(ding)公与(yu)吴(wu)王夫(fu)差在黄池会盟(meng)，争(zheng)做盟(meng)主，最终是(shi)让吴(wu)王占了先。吴(wu)国(guo)(guo)强盛，欺凌中(zhong)原(yuan)各国(guo)(guo)。十二年(nian)(nian)（前479），齐(qi)国(guo)(guo)田(tian)(tian)常杀了齐(qi)简(jian)公，立他的(de)(de)弟弟平公为君(jun)，田(tian)(tian)常当了国(guo)(guo)相(xiang)。十三年(nian)(nian)（前478），楚国(guo)(guo)灭掉(diao)陈国(guo)(guo)。秦悼公在位十四(si)年(nian)(nian)去世，儿(er)子(zi)(zi)厉共公继位。孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)在悼公十二年(nian)(nian)去世。
厉共公二(er)年(nian)(nian)（前475），蜀人(ren)前来进献财(cai)物(wu)。十(shi)六年(nian)(nian)（前461），在黄河旁挖掘壕沟。派兵两万(wan)去攻打(da)大(da)荔国(guo)，攻占了大(da)荔王城(cheng)邑。二(er)十(shi)一年(nian)(nian)（前456），开(kai)始设置频(pin)阳县。晋国(guo)攻占了武(wu)城(cheng)。二(er)十(shi)四年(nian)(nian)（前453），晋国(guo)发(fa)生(sheng)内乱(luan)，智(zhi)伯被杀，把智(zhi)伯的领地分给赵(zhao)氏、韩氏、魏氏。二(er)十(shi)五(wu)年(nian)(nian)（前452），智(zhi)开(kai)带领邑人(ren)来投(tou)奔秦国(guo)。三(san)十(shi)三(san)年(nian)(nian)（前444），攻打(da)义渠戎族，俘虏(lu)了戎王。三(san)十(shi)四年(nian)(nian)（前443），发(fa)生(sheng)日食(shi)。厉共公去世，他的儿子躁公继位。
躁公(gong)二年(nian)（前441），南(nan)郑邑反叛。十三年(nian)（前430），义(yi)渠来攻打秦国，到了渭南(nan)。十四年(nian)（前429），躁公(gong)去(qu)世(shi)，他的(de)弟弟怀(huai)公(gong)继位。
怀(huai)(huai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)四(si)年（前425），庶长晁和(he)大(da)臣(chen)围攻(gong)怀(huai)(huai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，怀(huai)(huai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)自杀(sha)。怀(huai)(huai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)太子(zi)(zi)名叫昭子(zi)(zi)，死得(de)早，大(da)臣(chen)们(men)就(jiu)拥立(li)太子(zi)(zi)昭子(zi)(zi)的儿子(zi)(zi)为(wei)君，这(zhei)就(jiu)是(shi)灵公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。灵公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，是(shi)怀(huai)(huai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的孙子(zi)(zi)。
灵公(gong)(gong)六年（前419），晋国(guo)(guo)在(zai)(zai)少梁(liang)筑城，秦军(jun)攻(gong)打晋国(guo)(guo)。十三年（前412），秦国(guo)(guo)在(zai)(zai)籍姑(gu)筑城。灵公(gong)(gong)去世，儿(er)子(zi)(zi)献(xian)公(gong)(gong)没(mei)能继位，立子(zi)(zi)灵公(gong)(gong)的叔(shu)父(fu)悼子(zi)(zi)，这(zhei)就是简公(gong)(gong)。简公(gong)(gong)是昭子(zi)(zi)的弟(di)弟(di)，怀(huai)公(gong)(gong)的儿(er)子(zi)(zi)。
简公六年(nian)（前409），开始(shi)让官吏带(dai)剑。在洛水(shui)边挖了壕沟。在重(zhong)泉筑城。十六年(nian)（前399），简公去世，儿(er)子惠公继位。
惠公十(shi)二年（前388），儿子出子出生。十(shi)三年，攻打蜀(shu)国，攻占了南郑(zheng)。惠公去(qu)世，出子继位。
出(chu)子二年（前385），庶长改(gai)从河西迎接(jie)灵公的(de)儿子献公回(hui)国(guo)，立他(ta)(ta)为君。杀(sha)了出(chu)子和他(ta)(ta)的(de)母亲，把他(ta)(ta)们的(de)尸(shi)体沉入深渊。秦(qin)国(guo)在这(zhei)以(yi)前频繁更换君主(zhu)，君臣(chen)之间关系不(bu)协调，所(suo)以(yi)晋国(guo)的(de)力量(liang)又强起来，夺去了秦(qin)国(guo)河西的(de)土地。
献(xian)公(gong)元年(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)384），废止了(le)殉葬的(de)制度。二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)383），在栎(li)阳筑城。四(si)(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)正(zheng)月庚(geng)寅(yin)日(ri)，孝(xiao)公(gong)出(chu)生。十(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)374），周朝太(tai)史檐（ｄāｎ，担），拜见献(xian)公(gong)说：“周与(yu)秦本(ben)来(lai)是合在一(yi)起的(de)，后来(lai)秦分了(le)出(chu)去，分开五百(bai)年(nian)(nian)(nian)后又合在一(yi)起，合在一(yi)起十(shi)七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)后，将会有称霸(ba)统(tong)一(yi)天下的(de)人出(chu)现。”十(shi)六年(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)369），桃树冬天开了(le)花。十(shi)八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(前(qian)(qian)367），栎(li)阳上空下了(le)黄金(jin)雨。二(er)十(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)364），与(yu)魏(wei)国(guo)在石(shi)门交(jiao)(jiao)战(zhan)，杀了(le)魏(wei)兵六万人，天子送来(lai)绣有花纹的(de)礼服祝贺。二(er)十(shi)三年(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)362），与(yu)魏(wei)国(guo)在少梁交(jiao)(jiao)战(zhan)，俘虏了(le)魏(wei)将公(gong)孙痤。二(er)十(shi)四(si)(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)361），献(xian)公(gong)去世，儿子孝(xiao)公(gong)继(ji)位，这时孝(xiao)公(gong)已经二(er)十(shi)一(yi)岁了(le)。
孝(xiao)公(gong)元年（前361），黄河(he)和殽山(shan)以东有(you)六个强国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，秦(qin)(qin)孝(xiao)公(gong)与齐威王(wang)、楚宣王(wang)、魏(wei)惠王(wang)、燕悼侯(hou)(hou)、韩哀侯(hou)(hou)、赵成侯(hou)(hou)并立。淮河(he)、泗(si)水之间有(you)十多个小国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。楚国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、魏(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)与秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)接(jie)壤。魏(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)修筑(zhu)长城，从(cong)郑县(xian)筑(zhu)起(qi)，沿洛河(he)北上，北边据(ju)有(you)上郡之地(di)(di)。楚国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)从(cong)汉中(zhong)往南，据(ju)有(you)巴(ba)郡、黔中(zhong)。周王(wang)室衰(shuai)微，诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)用武(wu)力(li)相征(zheng)伐，彼此争杀吞并。秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)处偏僻(pi)的(de)(de)(de)雍州，不(bu)(bu)参加中(zhong)原(yuan)各国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)盟(meng)会(hui)，诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)们(men)(men)(men)象对待夷狄一(yi)样对待秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。孝(xiao)公(gong)于是广施恩德(de)，救济孤寡(gua)，招(zhao)募战士，明确(que)了(le)论功(gong)行赏的(de)(de)(de)法令，并向全国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)发布命(ming)令说：“从(cong)前，我们(men)(men)(men)缪(mou)公(gong)在(zai)(zai)岐山(shan)、雍邑之间，实行德(de)政、振兴武(wu)力(li)，在(zai)(zai)东边平定了(le)晋国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)内乱，疆(jiang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)达到黄河(he)边上；在(zai)(zai)西(xi)(xi)边称(cheng)霸于戎(rong)狄，拓展(zhan)疆(jiang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)达千里。天子赐予霸主(zhu)称(cheng)号(hao)。诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)各国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)都(dou)(dou)来祝(zhu)贺，给(ji)后世(shi)开(kai)创了(le)基业(ye)，盛(sheng)大(da)(da)辉煌。但(dan)是就在(zai)(zai)前一(yi)段厉(li)公(gong)、躁公(gong)、简公(gong)、出子的(de)(de)(de)时候(hou)，接(jie)连几(ji)世(shi)不(bu)(bu)安(an)宁，国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家内有(you)忧患，没有(you)空暇顾及国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外的(de)(de)(de)事，结果晋国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)攻夺了(le)我们(men)(men)(men)先王(wang)河(he)西(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)，诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)也都(dou)(dou)看(kan)不(bu)(bu)起(qi)秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，耻辱没有(you)比这更大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)了(le)。献公(gong)即位，安(an)定边境，迁都(dou)(dou)栎阳(yang)，并且想要东征(zheng)，收复缪(mou)公(gong)时的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)有(you)疆(jiang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)，重修缪(mou)公(gong)时的(de)(de)(de)政令。我缅怀先君(jun)的(de)(de)(de)遗志，心(xin)中(zhong)常常感(gan)到悲痛。宾(bin)客和群臣中(zhong)有(you)谁能献出高明的(de)(de)(de)计策(ce)，使秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)强盛(sheng)起(qi)来，我将让他做高官，分封给(ji)他土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)。”于是便发兵东进，围攻陕城，西(xi)(xi)进杀了(le)戎(rong)族的(de)(de)(de)獂（ｈｕáｎ，环）王(wang)。
卫鞅(yang)听说颁布了这个命令，就来到(dao)西方的秦国(guo)，通过景监求见孝公(gong)。
二(er)年（前360），周天子送来祭肉。
三(san)年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)359），卫(wei)(wei)鞅劝(quan)说(shuo)孝(xiao)(xiao)公(gong)(gong)实行(xing)变法，制订(ding)刑(xing)罚(fa)，在(zai)国内(nei)致力于农耕，对外(wai)鼓励(li)效死作战，给以各(ge)种奖罚(fa)。孝(xiao)(xiao)公(gong)(gong)认(ren)为这个办法很好(hao)。但甘龙、杜挚等人不同(tong)意(yi)，双方(fang)为此而争(zheng)辩起来。最后孝(xiao)(xiao)公(gong)(gong)采用卫(wei)(wei)鞅的新法，百(bai)姓对此抱(bao)怨(yuan)不休；过了(le)三(san)年(nian)(nian)，百(bai)姓反而觉得适应(ying)了(le)。于是孝(xiao)(xiao)公(gong)(gong)任命卫(wei)(wei)鞅担任左庶长(zhang)。此事(shi)记载在(zai)《商君(jun)列传》里。
七(qi)年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)355），孝公(gong)与(yu)魏惠王在杜(du)平会(hui)盟。八年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)354），秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)与(yu)魏国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)在元里交(jiao)战(zhan)，取得胜利。十年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)352），卫(wei)鞅任大良造，率(lv)兵包围了(le)(le)魏国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)安邑(yi)，使(shi)安邑(yi)归服了(le)(le)。十二年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)350），修造咸阳(yang)城，筑(zhu)起了(le)(le)公(gong)布(bu)法令的(de)(de)门阙(que)，秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)就迁都(dou)到咸阳(yang)。把各个小乡小村(cun)合并为大县(xian)(xian)，每县(xian)(xian)设县(xian)(xian)令一人，全国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)共(gong)有四十一个县(xian)(xian)。开辟田地，废(fei)除了(le)(le)井田制下的(de)(de)纵横交(jiao)错的(de)(de)田埂。这时秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)东边的(de)(de)地界已(yi)经越过了(le)(le)洛水。十四年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)348），开始制定(ding)新的(de)(de)赋税制度。十九年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)343），天(tian)子(zi)(zi)赐予霸(ba)主(zhu)称号。二十年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)342），诸侯都(dou)来祝贺。秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)派公(gong)子(zi)(zi)少官率(lv)领(ling)军队与(yu)诸侯在逢泽会(hui)盟，朝见天(tian)子(zi)(zi)。
二十一年(nian)（前341），齐国(guo)在马陵打(da)败魏国(guo)。
二十二年（前340），卫鞅攻(gong)打魏国(guo)，俘虏了魏公子卬（áｎｇ，昂(ang)）。秦(qin)孝(xiao)公封卫鞅为列侯，号(hao)为商君。
二十四年（前(qian)338），秦国(guo)与魏(wei)军在岸(an)门作(zuo)战，俘虏了魏(wei)国(guo)将军魏(wei)错。
秦孝(xiao)公去世，儿子(zi)(zi)惠文君继位。这一年，杀了(le)卫(wei)鞅(yang)。卫(wei)鞅(yang)刚在(zai)秦国(guo)施行(xing)新(xin)法(fa)(fa)(fa)时(shi)，法(fa)(fa)(fa)令(ling)行(xing)不(bu)通，太子(zi)(zi)触(chu)犯了(le)禁令(ling)。卫(wei)鞅(yang)说：“法(fa)(fa)(fa)令(ling)行(xing)不(bu)通，根源起(qi)自国(guo)君的亲族。国(guo)君果真(zhen)要实行(xing)新(xin)法(fa)(fa)(fa)，就(jiu)要从太子(zi)(zi)做起(qi)。太子(zi)(zi)不(bu)能受刺面的墨刑(xing)(xing)，就(jiu)让(rang)他的师傅代受墨刑(xing)(xing)。”从此，法(fa)(fa)(fa)令(ling)顺利(li)施行(xing)，秦国(guo)治理得很好。等到孝(xiao)公去世，太子(zi)(zi)登位，秦国(guo)的宗室(shi)大多怨恨(hen)卫(wei)鞅(yang)，卫(wei)鞅(yang)逃跑，于(yu)是定他有反叛之罪，最(zui)后(hou)处以五马分(fen)尸之刑(xing)(xing)，在(zai)都城示众。
惠文(wen)君元(yuan)年（前(qian)337），楚国(guo)、韩国(guo)、赵(zhao)国(guo)、蜀(shu)国(guo)派人(ren)来(lai)朝见。二年（前(qian)336），周(zhou)天(tian)子前(qian)来(lai)祝(zhu)贺。三年（前(qian)335），惠文(wen)君年满二十，举行冠礼。四年（前(qian)334），天(tian)子送来(lai)祭祀文(wen)王(wang)(wang)、武王(wang)(wang)的(de)祭肉(rou)。齐国(guo)、魏国(guo)称王(wang)(wang)。
五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)333），阴(yin)晋(jin)人(ren)犀首(shou)任(ren)大良造(zao)。六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)332），魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国把(ba)(ba)阴(yin)晋(jin)送给(ji)秦(qin)国，阴(yin)晋(jin)改名(ming)为宁秦(qin)。七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)331），公子卬与魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)作(zuo)战，俘虏了(le)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)将龙贾，杀了(le)八万人(ren)。八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)330），魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国把(ba)(ba)河(he)西之(zhi)地送给(ji)秦(qin)国。九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)329），秦(qin)军渡过黄河(he)，攻(gong)占(zhan)了(le)汾(fen)阴(yin)、皮氏(shi)。秦(qin)王(wang)与魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)在(zai)应邑会(hui)盟。秦(qin)军包围了(le)焦城，使焦城归降了(le)。十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)328），张(zhang)仪(yi)(yi)做(zuo)了(le)秦(qin)相。魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国把(ba)(ba)上(shang)郡十五县送给(ji)秦(qin)国。十一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)327），在(zai)义渠(qu)设县。把(ba)(ba)焦城、曲沃归还给(ji)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国，义渠(qu)国君(jun)称臣(chen)。把(ba)(ba)少梁改名(ming)为夏(xia)阳(yang)。十二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)326），效仿中原各国，初(chu)次举行十二月的腊祭(ji)。十三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)325），四月戊午(wu)日，魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)称王(wang)，即(ji)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)襄(xiang)王(wang)；韩君(jun)也称王(wang)，即(ji)韩宣(xuan)惠王(wang)。秦(qin)君(jun)派张(zhang)仪(yi)(yi)攻(gong)取陕县，把(ba)(ba)那里(li)的居民赶出去交给(ji)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国。
十(shi)(shi)四(si)年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)324），改为(wei)后元(yuan)(yuan)元(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(nian)。二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)323），张仪与(yu)齐(qi)(qi)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)和楚(chu)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)大(da)臣在(zai)啮（ｎｉè，聂）桑会(hui)盟。三(san)年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)322），韩(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、魏国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)太子前(qian)(qian)来(lai)朝见。张仪担任(ren)魏国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)相(xiang)。五(wu)年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)320），惠文(wen)王(wang)巡游到(dao)(dao)北河(he)。七年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)318），乐池(chi)作了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)秦(qin)相(xiang)。韩(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、赵(zhao)(zhao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、魏国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、燕国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、齐(qi)(qi)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)带领匈奴一起进攻(gong)(gong)(gong)秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)派庶长(zhang)(zhang)疾(ji)(ji)与(yu)他们(men)在(zai)修鱼交战，俘虏(lu)(lu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)韩(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)将(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)申差，打(da)(da)败赵(zhao)(zhao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)公子渴和韩(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)太子奂（ｈｕàｎ，换），杀(sha)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)八(ba)(ba)万(wan)二(er)(er)千人。八(ba)(ba)年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)317），张仪再次担任(ren)秦(qin)相(xiang)。九年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)316），司马错攻(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)(da)蜀(shu)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，灭掉了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)蜀(shu)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。攻(gong)(gong)(gong)占(zhan)(zhan)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)赵(zhao)(zhao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)中(zhong)都、西(xi)阳。十(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)315），韩(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)太子苍来(lai)作人质。攻(gong)(gong)(gong)占(zhan)(zhan)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)韩(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)石章。打(da)(da)败了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)赵(zhao)(zhao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)将(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)泥。攻(gong)(gong)(gong)占(zhan)(zhan)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)义渠的(de)二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)五(wu)座城(cheng)邑。十(shi)(shi)一年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)314），秦(qin)将(jiang)(jiang)樗（ｃｈū，初）里疾(ji)(ji)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)(da)魏国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)焦(jiao)城(cheng)，使焦(jiao)城(cheng)降(jiang)服(fu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。在(zai)岸门打(da)(da)败了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)韩(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)军(jun)，杀(sha)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)一万(wan)人，韩(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)将(jiang)(jiang)犀首逃跑。公子通被封为(wei)蜀(shu)侯。燕军(jun)把(ba)君位让给他的(de)大(da)臣子之。十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)313），秦(qin)王(wang)与(yu)梁王(wang)在(zai)临晋(jin)会(hui)盟。庶长(zhang)(zhang)疾(ji)(ji)进攻(gong)(gong)(gong)赵(zhao)(zhao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，俘虏(lu)(lu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)赵(zhao)(zhao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)将(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)庄。张仪任(ren)楚(chu)相(xiang)。十(shi)(shi)三(san)年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)312），庶长(zhang)(zhang)章在(zai)丹(dan)阳攻(gong)(gong)(gong)击楚(chu)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)军(jun)队，俘虏(lu)(lu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)楚(chu)将(jiang)(jiang)屈丐，杀(sha)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)八(ba)(ba)万(wan)人；又攻(gong)(gong)(gong)入楚(chu)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)汉(han)中(zhong)，夺取了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)六(liu)百(bai)里土地，设置了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)汉(han)中(zhong)郡。楚(chu)军(jun)包(bao)围(wei)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)朝国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)雍氏，秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)派遣庶长(zhang)(zhang)疾(ji)(ji)帮助韩(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)向东攻(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)(da)齐(qi)(qi)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，又派到(dao)(dao)满(man)帮助魏国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)(da)燕国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。十(shi)(shi)四(si)年(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)311），攻(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)(da)楚(chu)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，攻(gong)(gong)(gong)占(zhan)(zhan)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)召陵。戎族的(de)丹(dan)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、犂国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)向秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)称臣，蜀(shu)相(xiang)陈庄杀(sha)死蜀(shu)侯前(qian)(qian)来(lai)投降(jiang)。
惠王去世，儿子武王继位。韩国(guo)、魏国(guo)、齐国(guo)、楚(chu)国(guo)、赵国(guo)都归服秦(qin)国(guo)。
武(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)元年(nian)（前(qian)(qian)310），武(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)与(yu)魏(wei)惠(hui)王(wang)(wang)在(zai)临晋会盟。杀了(le)(le)(le)蜀相(xiang)陈庄。张(zhang)仪、魏(wei)章都离开(kai)秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)往东(dong)到魏(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)去(qu)了(le)(le)(le)。秦(qin)(qin)军攻打(da)义(yi)渠国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、丹国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、犂国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。二年(nian)（前(qian)(qian)309），开(kai)始设置丞相(xiang)，樗(chu)里疾(ji)、甘(gan)茂分别(bie)担任左(zuo)右(you)丞相(xiang)。张(zhang)仪死在(zai)魏(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。三年(nian)（前(qian)(qian)308），秦(qin)(qin)王(wang)(wang)与(yu)韩襄王(wang)(wang)在(zai)临晋城外会盟。南公揭(jie)去(qu)世，樗(chu)里疾(ji)担任韩相(xiang)。武(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)对甘(gan)茂说(shuo)：“我想(xiang)开(kai)一条哪(na)怕只能容(rong)车子(zi)通过(guo)的路，到达洛(luo)阳，看一看周王(wang)(wang)的都城，即使死了(le)(le)(le)也不(bu)遗憾了(le)(le)(le)。”那年(nian)秋天，派甘(gan)茂和庶长封攻打(da)宜阳。四(si)年(nian)（前(qian)(qian)307），攻占了(le)(le)(le)宜阳，杀了(le)(le)(le)六万人(ren)。渡过(guo)黄河，在(zai)武(wu)(wu)遂筑城。魏(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)太子(zi)来朝(chao)见(jian)。秦(qin)(qin)武(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)有力(li)(li)气，喜好角力(li)(li)，所以大力(li)(li)士任鄙、乌获、孟说(shuo)（ｙｕè，悦(yue)）都做(zuo)了(le)(le)(le)大官(guan)。武(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)说(shuo)孟说(shuo)举鼎比力(li)(li)气，折断(duan)了(le)(le)(le)膝盖骨(gu)。八月，武(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)去(qu)世；孟说(shuo)被灭族(zu)。武(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)娶(qu)魏(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)女(nv)子(zi)做(zuo)王(wang)(wang)后，没有生儿(er)子(zi)。武(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)死后，立了(le)(le)(le)他(ta)(ta)的异母弟(di)弟(di)，这(zhei)就是昭(zhao)(zhao)襄王(wang)(wang)。昭(zhao)(zhao)襄王(wang)(wang)的母亲是楚国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)，姓芈（ｍǐ，米），称为宣太后。武(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)死时，昭(zhao)(zhao)襄王(wang)(wang)在(zai)燕国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)做(zuo)人(ren)质，燕国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)送他(ta)(ta)回国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，他(ta)(ta)才得以继位。
昭(zhao)(zhao)襄(xiang)(xiang)王(wang)(wang)元年(nian)（前(qian)306），严(yan)君(jun)疾担(dan)任(ren)相(xiang)。甘茂离开秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)到魏(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)去(qu)了(le)(le)。二(er)年(nian)（前(qian)305），彗(hui)星(xing)(xing)(xing)出(chu)现。庶长(zhang)壮和(he)大臣、诸侯(hou)、公(gong)子造反，都被杀，牵连到惠文(wen)王(wang)(wang)后也(ye)不(bu)得善终。悼武王(wang)(wang)后离开秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)回(hui)(hui)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)了(le)(le)。三年(nian)（前(qian)304），昭(zhao)(zhao)襄(xiang)(xiang)王(wang)(wang)举行冠礼，与(yu)楚王(wang)(wang)在黄棘会盟，把(ba)上(shang)庸还(hai)(hai)给(ji)(ji)楚国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。四年(nian)（前(qian)303），攻(gong)(gong)(gong)占(zhan)了(le)(le)蒲阪(ban)。彗(hui)星(xing)(xing)(xing)出(chu)现。五(wu)年(nian)（前(qian)302），魏(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)来(lai)应(ying)亭(ting)朝见(jian)，秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)又把(ba)蒲阪(ban)交(jiao)还(hai)(hai)给(ji)(ji)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。六年(nian)（前(qian)301），蜀侯(hou)煇（ｈｕī，辉）反叛，司(si)马错平定(ding)了(le)(le)蜀国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。庶长(zhang)奂(huan)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)楚国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，杀了(le)(le)两万人。泾阳(yang)君(jun)被抵押在齐国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)做(zuo)人质。那(nei)一年(nian)发生了(le)(le)日食(shi)，白昼(zhou)有如黑夜一样(yang)昏暗。七年(nian)（前(qian)300），攻(gong)(gong)(gong)占(zhan)了(le)(le)新(xin)城(cheng)。樗里子去(qu)世。八年(nian)（前(qian)299），派(pai)将军芈戎攻(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)楚国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，攻(gong)(gong)(gong)战(zhan)了(le)(le)新(xin)市。齐国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)派(pai)章子，魏(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)派(pai)公(gong)孙喜(xi)，韩(han)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)派(pai)暴鸢（ｙｕāｎ，渊），一块(kuai)儿进攻(gong)(gong)(gong)楚国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的方城(cheng)，俘获唐眛。赵国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)破了(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)山国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，中(zhong)(zhong)山国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)君(jun)出(chu)逃(tao)，最后死在齐国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。魏(wei)(wei)(wei)公(gong)子劲、韩(han)公(gong)子长(zhang)被封为诸侯(hou)。九年(nian)（前(qian)298），孟(meng)尝君(jun)薛(xue)文(wen)来(lai)秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)当丞相(xiang)。庶长(zhang)奂(huan)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)楚国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，攻(gong)(gong)(gong)占(zhan)了(le)(le)八座城(cheng)，杀了(le)(le)楚将景快。十年(nian)（前(qian)297），楚怀王(wang)(wang)来(lai)秦(qin)(qin)朝见(jian)，秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)扣留(liu)(liu)了(le)(le)他。薛(xue)文(wen)因为金受在昭(zhao)(zhao)王(wang)(wang)面前(qian)说(shuo)了(le)(le)坏话，被免(mian)了(le)(le)相(xiang)职(zhi)。楼缓(huan)担(dan)任(ren)了(le)(le)丞相(xiang)。十一年(nian)（前(qian)296），齐国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、韩(han)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、魏(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、赵国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、宋国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、中(zhong)(zhong)山五(wu)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)共同攻(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，军队开到盐氏就退了(le)(le)回(hui)(hui)去(qu)。秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)送给(ji)(ji)韩(han)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、魏(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)黄河北边以及封陵的土地，与(yu)韩(han)、魏(wei)(wei)(wei)讲和(he)。这一年(nian)出(chu)现了(le)(le)彗(hui)星(xing)(xing)(xing)。楚怀王(wang)(wang)逃(tao)到赵国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，赵国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)不(bu)敢收(shou)留(liu)(liu)，又让他回(hui)(hui)到秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，不(bu)久他就死了(le)(le)，秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)把(ba)他送还(hai)(hai)给(ji)(ji)楚国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)安(an)葬(zang)。十二(er)年(nian)（前(qian)295），楼缓(huan)被罢免(mian)，穰（ｒáｎｇ，瓤）侯(hou)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)冉担(dan)任(ren)丞相(xiang)。秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)送给(ji)(ji)楚国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)五(wu)万石粮食(shi)。
十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)294），向寿(shou)进(jin)(jin)(jin)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)韩国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)占(zhan)(zhan)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)武始。左(zuo)更(geng)白(bai)(bai)起(qi)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)(da)新(xin)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。五(wu)大(da)(da)夫吕(lv)礼(li)出(chu)亡逃到(dao)(dao)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。任(ren)鄙担任(ren)汉(han)中郡(jun)守(shou)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)293），左(zuo)更(geng)白(bai)(bai)起(qi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)伊阙攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)击(ji)韩国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)和(he)(he)(he)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，杀了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)万(wan)人(ren)，俘虏了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)公孙喜，攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)克五(wu)座(zuo)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)292），大(da)(da)良造白(bai)(bai)起(qi)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)(da)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)占(zhan)(zhan)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)垣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，又(you)(you)还给(ji)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。进(jin)(jin)(jin)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)楚(chu)(chu)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)占(zhan)(zhan)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)宛城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)291），左(zuo)更(geng)错攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)占(zhan)(zhan)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)轵(zhi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和(he)(he)(he)邓城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)冉(ran)(ran)被(bei)(bei)免(mian)(mian)(mian)除丞(cheng)相(xiang)(xiang)职(zhi)务(wu)。把(ba)(ba)(ba)公子(zi)市（ｆú，伏）封(feng)(feng)(feng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)宛，公子(zi)悝（ｋｕī，亏）封(feng)(feng)(feng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)邓，魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)冉(ran)(ran)封(feng)(feng)(feng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)陶(tao)，他(ta)们都(dou)(dou)(dou)成了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)诸侯(hou)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)290），城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)来(lai)朝见(jian)(jian)，东(dong)周国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)也来(lai)朝见(jian)(jian)。秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)把(ba)(ba)(ba)垣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)改(gai)(gai)为(wei)蒲阪、皮氏。秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)到(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)宜阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)289），左(zuo)更(geng)错攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)(da)垣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、河雍(yong)，折断桥梁攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)占(zhan)(zhan)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)两(liang)(liang)地(di)(di)(di)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)288），秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)昭王(wang)(wang)(wang)称西帝(di)，齐闵王(wang)(wang)(wang)称东(dong)帝(di)，不(bu)久都(dou)(dou)(dou)又(you)(you)取消了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)帝(di)号(hao)。吕(lv)礼(li)回来(lai)自首。齐国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)破宋国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，宋王(wang)(wang)(wang)逃到(dao)(dao)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，死在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)温(wen)地(di)(di)(di)。任(ren)鄙去世。二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)287），秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)往(wang)(wang)汉(han)中，又(you)(you)到(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)上(shang)(shang)郡(jun)、北河。二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)286），左(zuo)更(geng)错进(jin)(jin)(jin)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)河内。魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)献(xian)出(chu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)安(an)邑。秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)赶走城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)居(ju)民(min)，然(ran)后(hou)招募秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)迁到(dao)(dao)河东(dong)地(di)(di)(di)区(qu)定居(ju)，并赐给(ji)爵位，又(you)(you)把(ba)(ba)(ba)被(bei)(bei)赦免(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)罪(zui)(zui)人(ren)迁到(dao)(dao)河东(dong)。泾阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)被(bei)(bei)封(feng)(feng)(feng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)宛。二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)285），蒙武攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)(da)齐国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)河东(dong)设(she)置(zhi)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)九(jiu)个(ge)(ge)县。秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)与(yu)(yu)楚(chu)(chu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)宛城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)会(hui)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)，秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)与(yu)(yu)赵(zhao)王(wang)(wang)(wang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)中阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)会(hui)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)。二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)284），都(dou)(dou)(dou)尉(wei)斯离与(yu)(yu)韩国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、赵(zhao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)及燕国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)一(yi)起(qi)进(jin)(jin)(jin)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)齐国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)济水西岸打(da)(da)败(bai)齐军(jun)(jun)。秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)与(yu)(yu)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)宜阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)会(hui)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)，与(yu)(yu)韩王(wang)(wang)(wang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)新(xin)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)会(hui)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)。二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)283），秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)与(yu)(yu)楚(chu)(chu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)鄢城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)会(hui)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)，又(you)(you)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)穰(rang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)会(hui)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)。秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)取魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，一(yi)直(zhi)(zhi)打(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)都(dou)(dou)(dou)大(da)(da)梁，燕国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、赵(zhao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)援(yuan)救魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)军(jun)(jun)撤离。魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)冉(ran)(ran)被(bei)(bei)免(mian)(mian)(mian)去丞(cheng)相(xiang)(xiang)职(zhi)务(wu)。二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)282），秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)占(zhan)(zhan)赵(zhao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)两(liang)(liang)座(zuo)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)与(yu)(yu)韩王(wang)(wang)(wang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)新(xin)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)会(hui)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)，与(yu)(yu)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)新(xin)明邑会(hui)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)。二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)281），赦免(mian)(mian)(mian)罪(zui)(zui)人(ren)，把(ba)(ba)(ba)他(ta)们迁往(wang)(wang)穰(rang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。侯(hou)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)冉(ran)(ran)恢复丞(cheng)相(xiang)(xiang)职(zhi)位。二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)280），左(zuo)更(geng)错攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)(da)楚(chu)(chu)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。赦免(mian)(mian)(mian)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)罪(zui)(zui)犯(fan)并把(ba)(ba)(ba)他(ta)们迁往(wang)(wang)南阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)。白(bai)(bai)起(qi)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)(da)赵(zhao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，夺取代(dai)地(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)狼城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。又(you)(you)派司(si)马错从陇(long)西出(chu)发(fa)，通过蜀地(di)(di)(di)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)(da)楚(chu)(chu)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)黔(qian)中，攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)占(zhan)(zhan)下(xia)来(lai)。二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)279），大(da)(da)良造白(bai)(bai)起(qi)进(jin)(jin)(jin)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)楚(chu)(chu)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)占(zhan)(zhan)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)鄢城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、邓城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，赦免(mian)(mian)(mian)罪(zui)(zui)人(ren)迁往(wang)(wang)那里(li)。二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)278），大(da)(da)良造白(bai)(bai)起(qi)进(jin)(jin)(jin)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)楚(chu)(chu)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)占(zhan)(zhan)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)郢都(dou)(dou)(dou)，改(gai)(gai)为(wei)南郡(jun)，楚(chu)(chu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)逃跑(pao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。周君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)来(lai)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)。秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)与(yu)(yu)楚(chu)(chu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)襄陵(ling)会(hui)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)。白(bai)(bai)起(qi)被(bei)(bei)封(feng)(feng)(feng)为(wei)武安(an)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)277），蜀守(shou)张若(ruo)进(jin)(jin)(jin)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)楚(chu)(chu)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，夺取巫郡(jun)和(he)(he)(he)江(jiang)南，设(she)置(zhi)黔(qian)中郡(jun)。三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)276），白(bai)(bai)起(qi)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)(da)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)占(zhan)(zhan)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)两(liang)(liang)座(zuo)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。楚(chu)(chu)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)江(jiang)南反秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)。三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)275），丞(cheng)相(xiang)(xiang)穰(rang)侯(hou)进(jin)(jin)(jin)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，一(yi)直(zhi)(zhi)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)到(dao)(dao)大(da)(da)梁，打(da)(da)败(bai)暴鸢，杀了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)四(si)(si)万(wan)人(ren)，暴鸢逃跑(pao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)给(ji)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)三(san)(san)(san)个(ge)(ge)县请(qing)求讲(jiang)和(he)(he)(he)。三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)274），客(ke)卿胡阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)进(jin)(jin)(jin)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)卷城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、蔡(cai)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)、长社，都(dou)(dou)(dou)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)下(xia)来(lai)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)华(hua)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)(da)芒卯(mao)，打(da)(da)败(bai)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)他(ta)，杀了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)万(wan)人(ren)。魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)把(ba)(ba)(ba)南阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)送(song)给(ji)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)请(qing)求讲(jiang)和(he)(he)(he)。三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)273），秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)把(ba)(ba)(ba)上(shang)(shang)庸给(ji)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)韩国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)和(he)(he)(he)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，设(she)立(li)一(yi)个(ge)(ge)郡(jun)，让南阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)被(bei)(bei)免(mian)(mian)(mian)罪(zui)(zui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)臣民(min)迁往(wang)(wang)那里(li)居(ju)住。三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)272），帮助韩国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、楚(chu)(chu)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)(da)燕国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，开(kai)始设(she)置(zhi)南阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)郡(jun)。三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)271），客(ke)卿灶进(jin)(jin)(jin)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)齐国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)占(zhan)(zhan)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)刚、寿(shou)两(liang)(liang)地(di)(di)(di)，送(song)给(ji)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)穰(rang)侯(hou)。三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)269），中更(geng)胡阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)进(jin)(jin)(jin)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)赵(zhao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)阏（ｙāｎ，烟）与(yu)(yu)，没有攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)下(xia)。四(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)267），悼太(tai)子(zi)死在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，运回国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)葬在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)芷(zhi)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)。四(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)266）夏天，攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)(da)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)占(zhan)(zhan)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)邢(xing)丘、怀两(liang)(liang)地(di)(di)(di)。四(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)265），安(an)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)立(li)为(wei)太(tai)子(zi)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue)，宣太(tai)后(hou)去世，埋(mai)葬在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)芷(zhi)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)郦山。九(jiu)月(yue)(yue)，穰(rang)侯(hou)离开(kai)都(dou)(dou)(dou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)到(dao)(dao)陶(tao)地(di)(di)(di)去了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。四(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)264），武安(an)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)白(bai)(bai)起(qi)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)(da)韩国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)下(xia)九(jiu)座(zuo)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，杀了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)五(wu)万(wan)人(ren)。四(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)263），进(jin)(jin)(jin)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)韩国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)南阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)下(xia)来(lai)。四(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)262），五(wu)大(da)(da)夫贲(bi)（ｂēｎ，奔）攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)(da)韩国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)下(xia)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)座(zuo)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。叶阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)悝离开(kai)都(dou)(dou)(dou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)往(wang)(wang)封(feng)(feng)(feng)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，没有到(dao)(dao)那里(li)就死了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。四(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)260），秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)(da)韩国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)党，上(shang)(shang)党却(que)投降(jiang)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)赵(zhao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)因此去攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)(da)赵(zhao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，赵(zhao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)出(chu)兵反击(ji)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)军(jun)(jun)，两(liang)(liang)军(jun)(jun)相(xiang)(xiang)持(chi)不(bu)下(xia)。秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)派武安(an)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)白(bai)(bai)起(qi)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)击(ji)赵(zhao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)长平(ping)大(da)(da)败(bai)赵(zhao)军(jun)(jun)，四(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)多(duo)万(wan)降(jiang)卒全部被(bei)(bei)活埋(mai)。四(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)259）十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue)，韩国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)向秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)献(xian)出(chu)垣雍(yong)。秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)军(jun)(jun)分(fen)为(wei)三(san)(san)(san)部分(fen)：武安(an)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)率军(jun)(jun)回国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)；王(wang)(wang)(wang)龁（ｈé，和(he)(he)(he)）带(dai)兵攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)(da)赵(zhao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)皮牢(lao)，攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)下(xia)来(lai)；司(si)马梗率军(jun)(jun)向北，平(ping)定太(tai)原(yuan)，全部占(zhan)(zhan)领(ling)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)韩国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)党。正(zheng)月(yue)(yue)，军(jun)(jun)队停止战斗(dou)，驻(zhu)守(shou)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang)党。这年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue)，五(wu)大(da)(da)夫陵(ling)进(jin)(jin)(jin)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)赵(zhao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)邯郸。四(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)258）正(zheng)月(yue)(yue)，增(zeng)加(jia)兵力(li)帮助五(wu)大(da)(da)夫陵(ling)。陵(ling)作战不(bu)力(li)，被(bei)(bei)免(mian)(mian)(mian)职(zhi)，王(wang)(wang)(wang)龁替(ti)代(dai)他(ta)带(dai)兵。这年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue)，将军(jun)(jun)张唐(tang)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)(da)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，蔡(cai)尉(wei)把(ba)(ba)(ba)防守(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)盘丢了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，张唐(tang)回来(lai)就斩了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)他(ta)。五(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)257）十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue)，武安(an)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)白(bai)(bai)起(qi)犯(fan)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)罪(zui)(zui)，被(bei)(bei)免(mian)(mian)(mian)职(zhi)降(jiang)为(wei)士兵，贬谪到(dao)(dao)阴密。张唐(tang)进(jin)(jin)(jin)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)郑，攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)下(xia)来(lai)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)月(yue)(yue)，增(zeng)派军(jun)(jun)队驻(zhu)扎(zha)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)汾(fen)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)旁边。武安(an)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)白(bai)(bai)起(qi)有罪(zui)(zui)，自杀而死。王(wang)(wang)(wang)龁攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)(da)邯郸，没打(da)(da)下(xia)来(lai) ，撤军(jun)(jun)离去，返回投奔驻(zhu)扎(zha)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)汾(fen)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)旁的(de)(de)(de)(de)军(jun)(jun)队。两(liang)(liang)个(ge)(ge)月(yue)(yue)以后(hou)，攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)(da)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)军(jun)(jun)，杀了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)六(liu)(liu)千人(ren)，魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)军(jun)(jun)和(he)(he)(he)楚(chu)(chu)军(jun)(jun)落(luo)水漂流死在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)黄河中的(de)(de)(de)(de)有两(liang)(liang)万(wan)多(duo)人(ren)。又(you)(you)进(jin)(jin)(jin)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)汾(fen)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。接着又(you)(you)跟(gen)随张唐(tang)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)下(xia)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)宁新(xin)中，把(ba)(ba)(ba)宁新(xin)中改(gai)(gai)名(ming)为(wei)安(an)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)。开(kai)始修造蒲津(jin)桥。
五十一(yi)年（前256），将(jiang)军摎（ｊｉū，纠(jiu)）进(jin)(jin)攻(gong)韩国(guo)(guo)(guo)，攻(gong)占了(le)阳城(cheng)、负(fu)黍，杀了(le)四万人(ren)。攻(gong)打赵国(guo)(guo)(guo)，攻(gong)占了(le)二十多(duo)个县，斩获首级九万。西周(zhou)君武公背叛秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)，和各(ge)诸侯订约联合率领天下的精锐部(bu)队出伊阙(que)进(jin)(jin)攻(gong)秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)，使(shi)得秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)与阳城(cheng)之(zhi)间(jian)的交通被阻断。秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)于是派将(jiang)军摎进(jin)(jin)攻(gong)西周(zhou)。西周(zhou)君跑到秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)来自首，叩头(tou)认罪，愿(yuan)意接受惩处，并全部(bu)献出他的三十六个城(cheng)邑和三万人(ren)口。秦(qin)(qin)王接受了(le)这(zhei)些城(cheng)邑和人(ren)口，让西周(zhou)君回西周(zhou)去(qu)了(le)。五十二年（前255），周(zhou)地(di)的民众向东(dong)方逃亡，周(zhou)朝的传国(guo)(guo)(guo)宝(bao)器(qi)九鼎运进(jin)(jin)了(le)秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)。周(zhou)朝从这(zhei)时候起(qi)就灭亡了(le)。
五(wu)(wu)十三年(nian)（前(qian)254），天下都来归服。魏国(guo)(guo)落在最(zui)后(hou)，秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)就派将军(jun)摎去讨伐魏国(guo)(guo)，攻(gong)占了(le)吴(wu)城(cheng)。韩王(wang)来朝见；魏王(wang)也把国(guo)(guo)家(jia)托付(fu)给秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)听从命(ming)令(ling)了(le)。五(wu)(wu)十四年(nian)（前(qian)253），秦(qin)(qin)王(wang)在雍城(cheng)南(nan)郊(jiao)祭(ji)祀上帝。五(wu)(wu)十六年(nian)（前(qian)251）秋天，昭襄(xiang)王(wang)去世，儿子孝文王(wang)登位(wei)。追尊生母唐(tang)八子为唐(tang)太后(hou)，与昭襄(xiang)王(wang)合(he)葬一处。韩王(wang)穿着孝服前(qian)来祭(ji)吊(diao)，其他(ta)诸(zhu)侯也都派他(ta)们的将相前(qian)来祭(ji)吊(diao)，料(liao)理丧事。
孝文王(wang)元年（前250），大赦罪人(ren)，论列表彰(zhang)先王(wang)的功臣，优待(dai)宗族亲属，毁(hui)掉王(wang)家的园囿。孝文王(wang)服(fu)丧期满(man)，十月己亥日登位(wei)，第三天辛丑日去世，儿(er)子庄(zhuang)襄王(wang)继位(wei)。
庄襄王元年（前249），大赦罪人，论列(lie)表彰(zhang)先(xian)王的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功臣(chen)，广施德(de)惠(hui)，厚待(dai)宗亲族属，对民众施以恩(en)泽。东(dong)周(zhou)(zhou)君(jun)与诸侯(hou)图谋(mou)反秦(qin)(qin)，秦(qin)(qin)襄王派(pai)相(xiang)国(guo)吕不韦(wei)前去讨伐(fa)，全部(bu)兼并了(le)东(dong)周(zhou)(zhou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土地(di)(di)。秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)没(mei)有断绝周(zhou)(zhou)朝(chao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祭祀，把(ba)阳人聚(ju)这块地(di)(di)盘赐(ci)给(ji)周(zhou)(zhou)君(jun)，让(rang)他来祭祀周(zhou)(zhou)朝(chao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祖先(xian)。秦(qin)(qin)王派(pai)蒙(meng)(meng)骜(ao)进(jin)(jin)攻(gong)韩(han)国(guo)，韩(han)国(guo)献出成皋(gao)、巩县。秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)国(guo)界伸(shen)展到大梁，开始设(she)置三(san)川(chuan)郡(jun)。二年（前248），秦(qin)(qin)王又(you)派(pai)蒙(meng)(meng)骜(ao)攻(gong)打(da)赵国(guo)，平定了(le)太原。三(san)年（前247），蒙(meng)(meng)骜(ao)进(jin)(jin)攻(gong)魏国(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高都、汲县，攻(gong)了(le)下来。蒙(meng)(meng)骜(ao)又(you)进(jin)(jin)攻(gong)赵国(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)榆(yu)次(ci)、新城(cheng)、狼孟，攻(gong)占了(le)三(san)十七座城(cheng)。四月间发生日食(shi)。王龁攻(gong)打(da)上党，开始设(she)置太原郡(jun)。魏将无忌率(lv)五国(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)军队反击秦(qin)(qin)军，秦(qin)(qin)军退到黄河以南(nan)。蒙(meng)(meng)骜(ao)打(da)了(le)败仗，解(jie)脱围困撤离了(le)。五月丙午(wu)日，庄襄王去世，儿子嬴政登(deng)位，这就是秦(qin)(qin)始皇帝。
秦王嬴政登(deng)位二(er)十六年才并吞了天下(xia)，设立(li)(li)三十六郡，号称始皇(huang)帝。始皇(huang)五十一(yi)岁(sui)去(qu)世，儿子胡(hu)亥登(deng)位，就是(shi)二(er)世皇(huang)帝。三年（前207），诸(zhu)(zhu)侯纷纷起(qi)来反(fan)叛秦朝(chao)，赵(zhao)高杀死二(er)世，拥立(li)(li)子婴(ying)为皇(huang)帝。子婴(ying)即位一(yi)个多月(yue)，诸(zhu)(zhu)侯杀了他，于(yu)是(shi)灭掉了秦朝(chao)。这些都(dou)记(ji)载在《始皇(huang)本记(ji)》中(zhong)。
太史公说(shuo)：“秦(qin)国的(de)祖(zu)先姓嬴。他的(de)后(hou)代分(fen)封各地，各自以(yi)所封国名作为姓氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，有徐氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、郯（ｔáｎ，谈(tan)）氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、莒（ｊǔ，举）氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、终黎氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、运奄氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、菟（ｔú，途）裘(qiu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、将梁(liang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、黄氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、江氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、修鱼(yu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、白冥氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、蜚(fei)廉(lian)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、秦(qin)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。而(er)秦(qin)国因为它的(de)祖(zu)先造父封在(zai)赵城，所以(yi)是赵氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。
【原文及注释】
秦之(zhi)(zhi)先(xian)，帝颛顼之(zhi)(zhi)苗裔孙(sun)曰(yue)女(nv)修。女(nv)修织，玄鸟陨卵①，女(nv)修吞(tun)之(zhi)(zhi)，生(sheng)子大(da)业(ye)。大(da)业(ye)取少(shao)典之(zhi)(zhi)子②，曰(yue)女(nv)华(hua)(hua)。女(nv)华(hua)(hua)生(sheng)大(da)费(fei)，与禹平水(shui)土。已成，帝锡玄圭③。禹受(shou)曰(yue)：“非予能成，亦大(da)费(fei)为辅(fu)。”帝舜(shun)曰(yue)：“咨尔(er)(er)(er)费(fei)④，赞禹功⑤，其赐尔(er)(er)(er)皂游⑥。尔(er)(er)(er)后(hou)嗣(si)将大(da)出⑦。”乃妻之(zhi)(zhi)姚姓(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)玉女(nv)。大(da)费(fei)拜受(shou)，佐舜(shun)调(diao)驯(xun)鸟兽(shou)，鸟兽(shou)多驯(xun)服(fu)，是为柏翳⑧。舜(shun)赐姓(xing)嬴氏。
①玄(xuan)鸟：燕(yan)子(zi)(zi)。玄(xuan)：黑色(se)。按：秦之祖(zu)先为吞燕(yan)卵所生的(de)传说，与《殷本纪》所记(ji)商之祖(zu)先的(de)传说类似。②取：同(tong)“娶”。子(zi)(zi)：指女儿(er)。③锡：赐，赐予。玄(xuan)圭(gui)：黑色(se)的(de)玉(yu)圭(gui)。舜赐玄(xuan)圭(gui)事(shi)见(jian)《夏本纪》。④咨：叹词。尔：你。⑤赞：帮(bang)助。⑥其：表示劝勉，可(ke)不译(yi)。皂游（ｌｉú，流）：旌旗(qi)上的(de)黑色(se)飘带(dai)。游，同(tong)“旒”。⑦后嗣：后代(dai)。出：显，指昌(chang)盛。⑧柏翳（ｙì，益）：即伯益。
大(da)费(fei)生子二人：一曰(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)廉(lian)(lian)，实鸟俗(su)氏；二曰(yue)(yue)(yue)若(ruo)木(mu)，实费(fei)氏。其玄(xuan)孙曰(yue)(yue)(yue)费(fei)昌，子孙或(huo)在中国(guo)①，或(huo)在夷狄。费(fei)昌当夏桀之时，去夏归商(shang)，为汤御②。以败桀于鸣条。大(da)廉(lian)(lian)玄(xuan)孙曰(yue)(yue)(yue)孟戏、中衍，鸟身(shen)人言。帝太戊闻而(er)卜之使(shi)御③，吉(ji)，遂致(zhi)使(shi)御而(er)妻(qi)之。自(zi)太戊以下(xia)，中衍之后，遂世有(you)功，以佐殷国(guo)，故嬴(ying)姓(xing)多(duo)显，遂为诸(zhu)侯。
①或(huo)：有(you)的。中国：指黄河流域中原(yuan)地区。②御：驾车(che)。③卜之使御：为让(rang)他们(men)驾车(che)这件事而进(jin)行占(zhan)卜。
其(qi)玄孙曰(yue)(yue)中潏①，在西(xi)(xi)戎，保西(xi)(xi)垂②。生(sheng)蜚(fei)(fei)廉(lian)。蜚(fei)(fei)廉(lian)生(sheng)恶(e)来。恶(e)来有(you)力(li)，蜚(fei)(fei)廉(lian)善走，父(fu)(fu)子(zi)俱以(yi)(yi)材力(li)事殷(yin)纣(zhou)(zhou)。周(zhou)(zhou)武王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)伐纣(zhou)(zhou)，并杀恶(e)来。是(shi)时蜚(fei)(fei)廉(lian)为纣(zhou)(zhou)石(shi)北方③，还，无所报(bao)，为坛霍太(tai)山(shan)而(er)报(bao)④，得(de)石(shi)棺，铭曰(yue)(yue)“帝令处父(fu)(fu)不与殷(yin)乱⑤，赐尔石(shi)棺以(yi)(yi)华氏⑥”。死，遂葬于(yu)霍太(tai)山(shan)。蜚(fei)(fei)廉(lian)复有(you)子(zi)曰(yue)(yue)季(ji)胜。季(ji)胜生(sheng)孟增。孟增幸于(yu)周(zhou)(zhou)成王(wang)⑦，是(shi)为宅皋(gao)狼⑧。皋(gao)狼生(sheng)衡父(fu)(fu)，衡父(fu)(fu)生(sheng)造父(fu)(fu)。造父(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)善御(yu)幸于(yu)周(zhou)(zhou)缪(mou)(mou)王(wang)⑨，得(de)骥、温骊、骅骝、騄耳之(zhi)(zhi)驷(si)⑩，西(xi)(xi)巡狩(11)，乐而(er)忘归(gui)。徐偃(yan)王(wang)作(zuo)乱，造父(fu)(fu)为缪(mou)(mou)王(wang)御(yu)，长驱归(gui)周(zhou)(zhou)，一日千(qian)里以(yi)(yi)救乱。缪(mou)(mou)王(wang)以(yi)(yi)赵(zhao)城封造父(fu)(fu)，造父(fu)(fu)族由此为赵(zhao)氏。自蜚(fei)(fei)廉(lian)生(sheng)季(ji)胜已下五世至造父(fu)(fu)(12)，别(bie)居赵(zhao)。赵(zhao)衰其(qi)后(hou)也。恶(e)来革(ge)者，蜚(fei)(fei)廉(lian)子(zi)也，蚤死(13)。有(you)子(zi)曰(yue)(yue)女防。女防生(sheng)旁皋(gao)，旁皋(gao)生(sheng)太(tai)几，太(tai)几生(sheng)大骆(luo)(luo)，大骆(luo)(luo)生(sheng)非子(zi)。以(yi)(yi)造父(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)宠，皆(jie)蒙赵(zhao)城(14)，姓赵(zhao)氏。
①中谲：《集解》引徐广曰(yue)：“一作‘仲滑(hua)’。”②垂：边境(jing)。③此句“石”或“使(shi)”字之误(wu)。《会注考(kao)证》引梁玉绳曰(yue)：“《水经(jing)·汾(fen)水注》述此事云‘飞(fei)廉(lian)先(xian)为(wei)纣(zhou)使(shi)北(bei)方’，《御览》引《史记》亦曰(yue)‘时飞(fei)廉(lian)为(wei)纣(zhou)使(shi)北(bei)方’，传写误(wu)使(shi)为(wei)石。”④为(wei)坛：筑祭(ji)坛。⑤铭：刻，这(zhei)里指石棺上刻着的(de)(de)字。帝(di)：天帝(di)。处(chu)父（ｆǔ，甫(fu)）：蜚廉(lian)的(de)(de)字。与(yu)：参(can)(can)加(jia)，参(can)(can)与(yu)。⑥华氏：使(shi)氏族显耀(yao)。华，显贵，显要。⑦幸：宠幸。⑧宅皋狼(lang)：名号。《正义》曰(yue)：“孟增居皋狼(lang)而生衡父。”皋狼(lang)，县(xian)(xian)名，在今山(shan)西(xi)离石县(xian)(xian)西(xi)北(bei)。⑨周(zhou)缪王(wang)：即周(zhou)穆王(wang)。⑩骥、温骊、骅骝、騄耳：都(dou)是良马名。驷：同驾一辆车的(de)(de)四匹马。(11)巡狩：帝(di)王(wang)巡察诸侯或地方官(guan)治理的(de)(de)地方叫巡狩。(12)已：同“以”。(13)蚤：通(tong)“早”。(14)蒙：受，承。
非(fei)子居犬丘，好马(ma)(ma)及畜(chu)，善养息之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)①。犬丘人言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)周孝(xiao)王(wang)(wang)，孝(xiao)王(wang)(wang)召使主(zhu)马(ma)(ma)于汧(qian)渭(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间②，马(ma)(ma)大(da)(da)蕃息③。孝(xiao)王(wang)(wang)欲以(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)骆适(shi)(shi)(shi)嗣④。申(shen)侯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)女为(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)骆妻(qi)，生子成为(wei)(wei)(wei)适(shi)(shi)(shi)。申(shen)侯乃言孝(xiao)王(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue)：“昔我先郦山之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)女⑤，为(wei)(wei)(wei)戎(rong)胥轩妻(qi)，生中潏，以(yi)(yi)亲(qin)故(gu)归周，保西垂，西垂以(yi)(yi)其(qi)故(gu)和(he)睦。今我复(fu)(fu)与大(da)(da)骆妻(qi)⑥，生适(shi)(shi)(shi)子成。申(shen)骆重(zhong)婚(hun)⑦，西戎(rong)皆服，所以(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)。王(wang)(wang)其(qi)图之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”于是孝(xiao)王(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue)：“昔伯翳为(wei)(wei)(wei)舜(shun)主(zhu)畜(chu)，畜(chu)多(duo)息，故(gu)有土(tu)，赐姓嬴。今其(qi)后世亦(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)朕息马(ma)(ma)，朕其(qi)分土(tu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)附庸⑧。”邑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)秦⑨，使复(fu)(fu)续嬴氏祀，号曰(yue)(yue)秦嬴。亦(yi)不废申(shen)侯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)女子为(wei)(wei)(wei)骆适(shi)(shi)(shi)者⑩，以(yi)(yi)和(he)西戎(rong)。
秦(qin)嬴生(sheng)秦(qin)侯(hou)。秦(qin)侯(hou)立(li)十(shi)年，卒。生(sheng)公伯。公伯立(li)三(san)年，卒。生(sheng)秦(qin)仲(zhong)。
①息：繁(fan)殖。②主：掌管，主管。③蕃(fan)息：繁(fan)殖。“蕃(fan)”“息”同义。④适嗣：即嫡子(zi)(zi)，正妻所生(sheng)的儿(er)子(zi)(zi)。按(an)：非子(zi)(zi)不(bu)是嫡子(zi)(zi)，本不(bu)能(neng)做继承人(ren)。⑤郦山(shan)之女(nv)(nv)(nv)：娘家(jia)住(zhu)郦山(shan)的女(nv)(nv)(nv)子(zi)(zi)。⑥与大骆(luo)妻：意思是把女(nv)(nv)(nv)儿(er)嫁给大骆(luo)为妻。⑦重婚：再次联(lian)姻。⑧附(fu)庸：附(fu)属于诸侯的小国(guo)。⑨邑(yi)之秦：赐(ci)他秦地做封(feng)邑(yi)。⑩申(shen)侯之女(nv)(nv)(nv)子(zi)(zi)：申(shen)侯女(nv)(nv)(nv)儿(er)的儿(er)子(zi)(zi)。
秦仲(zhong)(zhong)立(li)三年，周厉(li)王(wang)无道(dao)，诸侯或叛之(zhi)。西戎(rong)反王(wang)室，灭犬丘大骆(luo)之(zhi)族。周宣王(wang)即位，乃以秦仲(zhong)(zhong)为(wei)大夫，诛(zhu)西戎(rong)①。西戎(rong)杀秦仲(zhong)(zhong)。秦仲(zhong)(zhong)立(li)二十三年，死于戎(rong)。有子五(wu)人(ren)(ren)，其长(zhang)者曰庄(zhuang)公。周宣王(wang)乃召庄(zhuang)公昆弟五(wu)人(ren)(ren)②，与兵七千人(ren)(ren)，使伐西戎(rong)，破之(zhi)。于是复予秦仲(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)③，及其先(xian)大骆(luo)地(di)犬丘并有之(zhi)，为(wei)西垂(chui)大夫。
①诛：讨伐。②昆弟：兄(xiong)弟。③予：给(ji)，给(ji)与。
庄(zhuang)公(gong)居其故(gu)西(xi)(xi)犬(quan)(quan)(quan)丘(qiu)，生子(zi)三(san)人，其长男世(shi)父(fu)(fu)。世(shi)父(fu)(fu)曰：“戎杀我(wo)大(da)父(fu)(fu)仲①，我(wo)非(fei)杀戎王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)则不敢入(ru)邑②。”遂将击(ji)戎。让(rang)其弟(di)襄公(gong)。襄公(gong)为(wei)太子(zi)。庄(zhuang)公(gong)立(li)(li)(li)四(si)十四(si)年(nian)，卒(zu)，太子(zi)襄公(gong)代立(li)(li)(li)③。襄公(gong)元年(nian)，以(yi)女弟(di)缪嬴(ying)为(wei)丰(feng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)妻④。襄公(gong)二年(nian)，戎围犬(quan)(quan)(quan)丘(qiu)，（世(shi)父(fu)(fu)）世(shi)父(fu)(fu)击(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)，为(wei)戎人所虏。岁余，复归世(shi)父(fu)(fu)。七(qi)年(nian)春，周(zhou)(zhou)幽(you)(you)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)用褒(bao)姒(si)废(fei)太子(zi)⑤，立(li)(li)(li)褒(bao)姒(si)子(zi)为(wei)适，数欺诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)⑥，诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)叛之(zhi)(zhi)。西(xi)(xi)戎犬(quan)(quan)(quan)戎与(yu)申侯(hou)伐(fa)周(zhou)(zhou)，杀幽(you)(you)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)郦山(shan)下。而(er)秦襄公(gong)将兵救周(zhou)(zhou)，战甚力，有功。周(zhou)(zhou)避(bi)犬(quan)(quan)(quan)戎难，东徙雒(luo)邑，襄公(gong)以(yi)兵送周(zhou)(zhou)平(ping)(ping)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)⑦。平(ping)(ping)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)封(feng)襄公(gong)为(wei)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)，赐(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)岐以(yi)西(xi)(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)地。曰：“戎无道，侵夺我(wo)岐、丰(feng)之(zhi)(zhi)地，秦能(neng)功逐戎，即有其地。”与(yu)誓(shi)，封(feng)爵(jue)之(zhi)(zhi)⑧。襄公(gong)于(yu)是(shi)始国⑨，与(yu)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)通使(shi)聘享之(zhi)(zhi)礼⑩，乃用骝(liu)驹、黄牛、羝羊各三(san)(11)，祠上帝(di)西(xi)(xi)畤(12)。十二年(nian)，伐(fa)戎而(er)至岐，卒(zu)。生文公(gong)。
①大(da)父：祖父。②不(bu)敢：不(bu)应，不(bu)能。③代：接替，继(ji)任(ren)。④丰王：当是指(zhi)占据丰地(di)(di)(di)的(de)西(xi)戎(rong)之地(di)(di)(di)的(de)西(xi)戎(rong)之王。⑤用(yong)：因。⑥数欺诸(zhu)侯(hou)：具体所指(zhi)幽王数举烽火，戏弄诸(zhu)侯(hou)，取悦褒姒(si)事。详见《周本纪》。⑦以兵：率兵。⑧封爵(jue)之：赐给他封地(di)(di)(di)、授给他爵(jue)位。⑨国：指(zhi)使秦成(cheng)为(wei)(wei)诸(zhu)侯(hou)国。⑩聘享：聘问献(xian)纳。诸(zhu)侯(hou)之间通向(xiang)修好为(wei)(wei)聘，诸(zhu)侯(hou)向(xiang)天(tian)子献(xian)纳方(fang)物为(wei)(wei)享。(11)骝驹：黑(hei)鬃赤身的(de)小马。羝（ｄī，低）羊：公(gong)羊。(12)祠：祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)。西(xi)畤(zhi)：在西(xi)县所筑的(de)祭(ji)(ji)天(tian)地(di)(di)(di)之处。畤(zhi)，祭(ji)(ji)处，祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)天(tian)地(di)(di)(di)五(wu)帝的(de)祭(ji)(ji)坛。
文(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元年(nian)(nian)(nian)，居西(xi)垂宫。三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)，文(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)以(yi)兵七(qi)百人东(dong)猎。四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)，至汧渭之(zhi)(zhi)会①。曰(yue)：“昔周(zhou)邑我(wo)先秦嬴(ying)于此，后卒(zu)获为(wei)诸侯。”乃(nai)卜居之(zhi)(zhi)，占曰(yue)吉，即营邑之(zhi)(zhi)②。十(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)，初(chu)为(wei)鄜畤③，用三(san)牢④。十(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)，初(chu)有(you)史以(yi)纪事(shi)⑤，民(min)多化者。十(shi)(shi)(shi)六年(nian)(nian)(nian)，文(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)以(yi)兵伐戎(rong)，戎(rong)败走。于是(shi)文(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)遂收周(zhou)余民(min)有(you)之(zhi)(zhi)，地至岐，岐以(yi)东(dong)献之(zhi)(zhi)周(zhou)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)九年(nian)(nian)(nian)，得(de)陈宝⑥。二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)，法初(chu)有(you)三(san)族之(zhi)(zhi)罪⑦。二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)，伐南山(shan)大梓，丰大特⑧。四(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)八年(nian)(nian)(nian)，文(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)太子(zi)卒(zu)，赐(ci)谥为(wei)竫(jing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。竫(jing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)长子(zi)为(wei)太子(zi)，是(shi)文(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)孙也(ye)。五十(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)，文(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)卒(zu)。葬西(xi)山(shan)。竫(jing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)立，是(shi)为(wei)宁公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。
①会(hui)：会(hui)合处。②营邑(yi)：营造城邑(yi)。③鄜(fu)（ｆū，夫(fu)）畤：在鄜(fu)县所(suo)筑的祭天地之(zhi)处。④三(san)牢(lao)：指牛(niu)、羊、猪。牢(lao)，祭祀(si)用的牺(xi)牲。⑤史：史官。⑥陈宝：传说中的一(yi)(yi)块异石(shi)。《索隐》引(yin)《汉书·郊祀(si)志》云(yun)(yun)：“文(wen)公(gong)获(huo)若石(shi)云(yun)(yun)，于(yu)陈仓北阪城祠(ci)之(zhi)，其神(shen)来，若雄雉，其声(sheng)殷(yin)殷(yin)云(yun)(yun)，野鸡夜鸣，以一(yi)(yi)牢(lao)祠(ci)之(zhi)，号曰陈宝。”又引(yin)苏林(lin)云(yun)(yun)：“质如石(shi)，似肝。”⑦三(san)族(zu)：所(suo)指说法不(bu)(bu)一(yi)(yi)。《集解》引(yin)张晏曰：“父母、兄弟、妻(qi)子(zi)也(ye)。”又引(yin)如淳曰：“父族(zu)、母族(zu)、妻(qi)族(zu)也(ye)。”⑧“伐南(nan)山”二(er)句：丰，丰水。特(te)，公(gong)牛(niu)。这是(shi)一(yi)(yi)个(ge)传说。《正义》引(yin)《括(kuo)地志》云(yun)(yun)：“大(da)梓(zi)树(shu)(shu)在岐州陈仓县南(nan)十(shi)里仓山上。《录异传》云(yun)(yun)：‘秦文(wen)公(gong)时(shi)，雍(yong)南(nan)山有(you)大(da)梓(zi)树(shu)(shu)，文(wen)公(gong)伐之(zhi)，辄有(you)大(da)风雨，树(shu)(shu)生合不(bu)(bu)断(duan)。时(shi)有(you)一(yi)(yi)人病，夜往山中，闻有(you)鬼语树(shu)(shu)神(shen)曰：“秦若使人被发(fa)，以朱(zhu)丝绕树(shu)(shu)伐汝(ru)，汝(ru)得(de)不(bu)(bu)困(kun)耶？”树(shu)(shu)神(shen)无(wu)言。明日(ri)，病人语闻，公(gong)如其言伐树(shu)(shu)，断(duan)，中有(you)一(yi)(yi)青牛(niu)出，走入丰水中，使骑击之(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)胜。有(you)骑堕地复上，发(fa)解，牛(niu)畏之(zhi)，入不(bu)(bu)出，胡置发(fa)头。汉、魏、晋因之(zhi)。武都(dou)郡之(zhi)怒特(te)祠(ci)，是(shi)大(da)梓(zi)牛(niu)神(shen)也(ye)。’”又《会(hui)注考证(zheng)》云(yun)(yun)：“大(da)梓(zi)、丰、大(da)特(te)，盖戎名(ming)。”
宁公(gong)(gong)二年，公(gong)(gong)徙居平(ping)阳。遣兵伐(fa)荡(dang)社(she)(she)①。三(san)(san)(san)年，与亳战(zhan)，亳王(wang)奔(ben)戎，遂灭(mie)荡(dang)社(she)(she)。四年，鲁公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)翚弑其君(jun)隐公(gong)(gong)。十二年，伐(fa)荡(dang)氏，取(qu)之。宁公(gong)(gong)生十岁立，立十二年卒，葬西山(shan)。生子(zi)(zi)三(san)(san)(san)人，长男武公(gong)(gong)为太(tai)子(zi)(zi)。武公(gong)(gong)弟德公(gong)(gong)同母，鲁姬子(zi)(zi)生出子(zi)(zi)②。宁公(gong)(gong)卒，大(da)庶长弗忌、威垒、三(san)(san)(san)父(fu)废太(tai)子(zi)(zi)而立出子(zi)(zi)为君(jun)③。出子(zi)(zi)六(liu)年，三(san)(san)(san)父(fu)等复共令(ling)人贼杀出子(zi)(zi)④。出子(zi)(zi)生五岁立，立六(liu)年卒。三(san)(san)(san)父(fu)等乃复立故(gu)太(tai)子(zi)(zi)武公(gong)(gong)。
①荡(dang)社：《索(suo)隐(yin)》：“西戎之(zhi)君号(hao)曰(yue)亳（ｂó，勃(bo)）王，盖成汤(tang)之(zhi)胤（后(hou)裔）。其邑(yi)曰(yue)荡(dang)社。”②今(jin)据(ju)《会注考证》引林柏桐说以(yi)(yi)“鲁(lu)姬子生出子”为句。鲁(lu)姬子是宁(ning)公之(zhi)妾(qie)。③威垒：《会注考证》引冈白驹曰(yue)：“大(da)庶长、威垒，官(guan)(guan)名；弗忌、三父(fu)，人名。”《新证》云：“威垒，疑官(guan)(guan)名，冈伯驹之(zhi)说是也。”今(jin)据(ju)以(yi)(yi)标点、翻译。④贼杀(sha)(sha)：刺杀(sha)(sha)，杀(sha)(sha)害。
武公(gong)元年(nian)，伐彭(peng)戏氏，至于华山下(xia)，居(ju)平(ping)阳封宫(gong)。三年(nian)，诛三父等而(er)夷三族，以其杀出(chu)子也。郑高渠眯杀其君(jun)昭公(gong)。十年(nian)，伐邽、冀戎(rong)，初(chu)县之(zhi)①。十一年(nian)，初(chu)县杜、郑。灭小虢。
①县：置县，设立县。
十三(san)年，齐(qi)人管(guan)至(zhi)父、连称等杀(sha)其君襄公(gong)而(er)(er)立(li)(li)公(gong)孙(sun)无(wu)知(zhi)。晋(jin)灭霍、魏、耿。齐(qi)雍廪杀(sha)无(wu)知(zhi)、管(guan)至(zhi)父等而(er)(er)立(li)(li)齐(qi)桓公(gong)。齐(qi)、晋(jin)为强国。
十九年，晋曲沃(wo)始为晋侯。齐桓公伯于鄄①。
二十年，武公卒，葬雍平阳。初以人从(cong)死②，从(cong)死者(zhe)六十六人。有子一人，名曰(yue)白。白不立(li)，封(feng)平阳。立(li)其弟德公。
①伯（ｂà，霸(ba)）：同“霸(ba)”。②从死(si)：殉(xun)葬。
德(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)元年，初(chu)居雍(yong)城大郑宫。以牺三百牢祠鄜(fu)畤。卜居雍(yong)。后子(zi)孙饮马于河①。梁伯(bo)、芮(rui)伯(bo)来(lai)朝。二年，初(chu)伏②，以狗御蛊③。德(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)生(sheng)三十(shi)三岁而立(li)，立(li)二年卒。生(sheng)子(zi)三人，长子(zi)宣公(gong)(gong)(gong)，中子(zi)成(cheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)，少子(zi)穆公(gong)(gong)(gong)。长子(zi)宣公(gong)(gong)(gong)立(li)。
宣公元年(nian)(nian)(nian)，卫、燕伐周，出惠王(wang)④，立王(wang)子(zi)穨。三年(nian)(nian)(nian)，郑伯、虢叔杀子(zi)穨而入惠王(wang)⑤。四年(nian)(nian)(nian)作密畤与(yu)晋战(zhan)河(he)阳，胜(sheng)之。十(shi)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)，宣公卒，生(sheng)子(zi)九人，莫立⑥，立其弟成公。
成公(gong)元年(nian)，梁伯、芮伯来朝(chao)。齐桓(huan)公(gong)伐山戎，次于孤(gu)竹⑦。
成公立四年卒。子七人，莫(mo)立，立其(qi)弟缪公。
①“后子(zi)孙”句：这是(shi)占(zhan)卜(bu)之辞，即占(zhan)卜(bu)的(de)(de)结果(guo)。后世(shi)子(zi)孙可以到黄河边上去饮(yin)马，暗示秦国势力将(jiang)日益强盛(sheng)，国土将(jiang)从雍(yong)扩展到黄河。②初伏(fu)(fu)：开始规(gui)定伏(fu)(fu)日，即把暑天(tian)分为三伏(fu)(fu)。《正义》：“六(liu)月三伏(fu)(fu)之节，起秦德公为之，故云初伏(fu)(fu)。伏(fu)(fu)者，隐伏(fu)(fu)避盛(sheng)暑也(ye)。”③以狗(gou)(gou)御蛊(gu)（ｇǔ，古）：杀(sha)狗(gou)(gou)以祛除热毒(du)邪气。蛊(gu)，本(ben)指(zhi)毒(du)虫，这里指(zhi)伤人的(de)(de)热毒(du)邪气。《正义》：“蛊(gu)者，热毒(du)邪气，为害伤人，故磔（ｚｈé，折。分裂祭牲(sheng)）狗(gou)(gou)以御之。”④出(chu)(chu)：使(shi)出(chu)(chu)京(jing)(jing)城，即赶出(chu)(chu)京(jing)(jing)城的(de)(de)意(yi)思。⑤入(ru)：使(shi)入(ru)京(jing)(jing)城，就是(shi)使(shi)返回京(jing)(jing)城的(de)(de)意(yi)思。⑥莫：没(mei)有人，没(mei)有哪一个。⑦次：临时驻扎和住(zhu)宿。
缪公(gong)任好元年，自将伐(fa)茅津(jin)，胜之(zhi)。四年，迎妇于晋①，晋太子申生姊(zi)也。其岁(sui)，齐桓公(gong)伐(fa)楚，至邵(shao)陵。
五(wu)年(nian)(nian)，晋献公灭虞(yu)(yu)、虢②，虏虞(yu)(yu)君与(yu)其(qi)(qi)大夫百(bai)里(li)(li)傒(xi)(xi)(xi)，以(yi)(yi)璧(bi)马赂于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)虞(yu)(yu)故也③。既虏百(bai)里(li)(li)傒(xi)(xi)(xi)，以(yi)(yi)为秦(qin)缪公夫人媵(ying)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)秦(qin)④。百(bai)里(li)(li)傒(xi)(xi)(xi)亡(wang)秦(qin)走宛⑤，楚(chu)鄙人执之(zhi)(zhi)⑥。缪公闻百(bai)里(li)(li)傒(xi)(xi)(xi)贤，欲(yu)(yu)重赎之(zhi)(zhi)，恐楚(chu)人不(bu)(bu)(bu)与(yu)，乃使(shi)人谓(wei)楚(chu)曰(yue)(yue)：“吾(wu)媵(ying)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)百(bai)里(li)(li)傒(xi)(xi)(xi)在(zai)焉，请以(yi)(yi)五(wu)羖羊(yang)皮(pi)赎之(zhi)(zhi)⑦。”楚(chu)人遂(sui)许与(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)。当是时，百(bai)里(li)(li)傒(xi)(xi)(xi)年(nian)(nian)已(yi)七十(shi)余。缪公释其(qi)(qi)囚⑧，与(yu)语国(guo)事。谢曰(yue)(yue)：“臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)亡(wang)国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，何足(zu)问！”缪公曰(yue)(yue)：“虞(yu)(yu)君不(bu)(bu)(bu)用子，故亡(wang)，非子罪(zui)也⑨。”固问，语三日，缪公大说，授之(zhi)(zhi)国(guo)政，号曰(yue)(yue)五(wu)羖大夫。百(bai)里(li)(li)傒(xi)(xi)(xi)让(rang)曰(yue)(yue)：“臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)友蹇叔(shu)(shu)(shu)，蹇叔(shu)(shu)(shu)贤而世莫(mo)知(zhi)。臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)常游困于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)齐而乞(qi)食人⑩，蹇叔(shu)(shu)(shu)收臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)。臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)因(yin)而欲(yu)(yu)事齐君无知(zhi)，蹇叔(shu)(shu)(shu)止臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)得脱齐难，遂(sui)之(zhi)(zhi)周(zhou)。周(zhou)王子穨好牛，臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)以(yi)(yi)养牛干之(zhi)(zhi)。及(ji)穨欲(yu)(yu)用臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，蹇叔(shu)(shu)(shu)止臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)去，得不(bu)(bu)(bu)诛(zhu)(13)。事虞(yu)(yu)君，蹇叔(shu)(shu)(shu)止臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)。臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)知(zhi)虞(yu)(yu)君不(bu)(bu)(bu)用臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)诚(cheng)私利禄爵，且留。再(zai)用其(qi)(qi)言(14)，得脱；一不(bu)(bu)(bu)用，及(ji)虞(yu)(yu)君难：是以(yi)(yi)知(zhi)其(qi)(qi)贤。”于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是缪公使(shi)人厚币(bi)迎(ying)蹇叔(shu)(shu)(shu)(15)，以(yi)(yi)为上大夫。
①迎（旧读ｙìｎｇ，映(ying)）：迎亲。②晋(jin)(jin)献公(gong)灭虞、虢：公(gong)元前655年，晋(jin)(jin)向(xiang)虞国借(jie)道伐(fa)虢，虞君(jun)不(bu)听大(da)夫(fu)公(gong)之奇有劝阻(zu)，借(jie)道给晋(jin)(jin)，晋(jin)(jin)灭虢后，在回(hui)师经过虞国时(shi)，灭了虞国。事见《左传·僖公(gong)五(wu)年》及《晋(jin)(jin)世家》。③赂(lu)：赠送（财物）。④媵（ｙìｎｇ，映(ying)）：古诸侯女(nv)儿出嫁(jia)(jia)时(shi)随(sui)嫁(jia)(jia)或(huo)陪(pei)嫁(jia)(jia)的人。⑤亡：逃亡。⑥鄙：边境。⑦羖（ｇǔ，古）羊：黑(hei)色(se)的公(gong)羊。⑧释：放(fang)开，解除。囚：监禁(jin)，禁(jin)锢(gu)。⑨子(zi)：对人的尊称，相当于您，多指(zhi)男子(zi)。⑩常：通“尝”，曾(ceng)经。游：外(wai)出求(qiu)学，求(qiu)官。齐(qi)难：指(zhi)雍禀匀无(wu)知(zhi)、管至父等(deng)而(er)立齐(qi)桓公(gong)事。干：求(qiu)，指(zhi)求(qiu)取禄(lu)位。(13)得(de)不(bu)诛(zhu)：能(neng)不(bu)被杀掉(diao)。指(zhi)在郑伯(bo)、虢叔杀王子(zi)颓而(er)入惠王时(shi)幸(xing)免于难。(14)再：两次。(15)厚币(bi)：重币(bi)，厚礼(li)。币(bi)，用作礼(li)物的玉、马、皮、帛等(deng)。
秋，缪公自将伐(fa)晋(jin)，战于(yu)河曲(qu)。晋(jin)骊姬(ji)作(zuo)乱①，太(tai)子申(shen)生死新城，重耳、夷(yi)吾(wu)出奔(ben)。
①骊姬(ji)(ji)作(zuo)乱：指骊姬(ji)(ji)害死太子申生(sheng)，迫(po)使公子重(zhong)耳(er)、夷吾出(chu)走。事详《晋世家》及《左传(chuan)·僖(xi)公四(si)年》、《僖(xi)公五(wu)年》。
九年，齐桓公会(hui)诸侯于(yu)葵(kui)丘①。
①会：会盟，盟誓。
晋(jin)献公卒。立(li)骊(li)姬子(zi)奚齐，其臣里克杀(sha)(sha)奚齐。荀息立(li)卓子(zi)，克又杀(sha)(sha)卓子(zi)及(ji)荀息。夷(yi)吾(wu)(wu)使人请(qing)(qing)秦，求入晋(jin)①。于是缪公许之，使百里傒(xi)将兵送夷(yi)吾(wu)(wu)。夷(yi)吾(wu)(wu)谓曰(yue)：“诚(cheng)得立(li)，请(qing)(qing)割晋(jin)之河西八城与(yu)秦。”及(ji)至，已立(li)，而(er)(er)使丕(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)郑(zheng)谢秦②，背约不(bu)与(yu)河西城，而(er)(er)杀(sha)(sha)里克。丕(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)郑(zheng)闻(wen)之，恐，因与(yu)缪公谋曰(yue)：“晋(jin)人不(bu)欲夷(yi)吾(wu)(wu)，实欲重耳。今背秦约而(er)(er)杀(sha)(sha)里克，皆(jie)吕(lv)甥、郤(xi)(xi)芮之计也。愿君(jun)以利(li)急召(zhao)吕(lv)、郤(xi)(xi)，吕(lv)、郤(xi)(xi)至，则更入重耳便。”缪公许之，使人与(yu)丕(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)郑(zheng)归，召(zhao)吕(lv)、郤(xi)(xi)吕(lv)、郤(xi)(xi)等疑丕(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)郑(zheng)有(you)间③，乃(nai)言夷(yi)吾(wu)(wu)杀(sha)(sha)丕(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)郑(zheng)。丕(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)郑(zheng)子(zi)丕(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)豹奔秦，说缪公曰(yue)：“晋(jin)君(jun)无道(dao)，百姓不(bu)亲，可(ke)伐也。”缪公曰(yue)：“百姓苟不(bu)便，何故(gu)能诛其大(da)(da)臣？能诛其大(da)(da)臣，此(ci)其调也④。”不(bu)听，而(er)(er)阴(yin)用(yong)豹⑤。
①求入晋：请求秦派兵送他(ta)回晋国(guo)即位。②谢：道歉。③间：离间，这里(li)指诈谋。④调(diao)：协(xie)调(diao)。⑤阴用豹(bao)(bao)(bao)：暗中(zhong)任用丕豹(bao)(bao)(bao)。这是说缪公不公开听丕豹(bao)(bao)(bao)之计，却(que)暗中(zhong)重用他(ta)，目(mu)的是使晋国(guo)放松警惕(ti)。
十二年，齐管仲、隰(xi)朋死。
晋旱，来(lai)请粟。丕豹说缪公勿与①，因(yin)其饥而伐之(zhi)(zhi)②。缪公问公孙支(zhi)，支(zhi)曰：“饥穰(rang)更事耳③，不可不与。”问百里傒，傒曰：“夷吾得罪于君(jun)，其百姓何(he)罪？”于是用百里傒、公孙支(zhi)言，卒与之(zhi)(zhi)粟。以船漕车(che)转④，自雍(yong)相望至(zhi)绛(jiang)。
①说：劝说，说服。②因：趁(chen)。饥(ji)(ji)：饥(ji)(ji)荒(huang)，年成不好(hao)。③穰：丰收。更事(shi)：交替出现的(de)事(shi)。④漕：水运。
十四年，秦(qin)(qin)(qin)饥，请(qing)粟于晋(jin)(jin)。晋(jin)(jin)君(jun)(jun)(jun)谋之群臣。虢射曰(yue)(yue)：“因其饥伐之，可(ke)有大功。”晋(jin)(jin)君(jun)(jun)(jun)从(cong)之。十五(wu)年，兴兵将攻(gong)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)。缪(mou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)发(fa)兵，使丕豹将，自往击之。九月壬戌，与晋(jin)(jin)惠公(gong)(gong)(gong)夷吾(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)合战于韩地(di)。晋(jin)(jin)君(jun)(jun)(jun)弃其军①，与秦(qin)(qin)(qin)争利(li)，还而马(ma)②。缪(mou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)与麾(hui)下驰追(zhui)之③，不能得(de)晋(jin)(jin)君(jun)(jun)(jun)，反(fan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)晋(jin)(jin)军所围(wei)。晋(jin)(jin)击缪(mou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)，缪(mou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)伤。于是岐下食(shi)善(shan)马(ma)者(zhe)三(san)百(bai)人(ren)驰冒(mao)晋(jin)(jin)军④，晋(jin)(jin)军解围(wei)，遂脱缪(mou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)而反(fan)生得(de)晋(jin)(jin)君(jun)(jun)(jun)。初，缪(mou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)亡善(shan)马(ma)⑤，岐下野人(ren)共得(de)而食(shi)之者(zhe)三(san)百(bai)余人(ren)⑥，吏逐得(de)，欲法(fa)之⑦。缪(mou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)曰(yue)(yue)：“君(jun)(jun)(jun)子不以(yi)(yi)畜产害人(ren)⑧。吾(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)闻食(shi)善(shan)马(ma)肉不饮酒(jiu)，伤人(ren)。”乃(nai)(nai)皆(jie)赐(ci)酒(jiu)而赦之。三(san)百(bai)人(ren)者(zhe)闻秦(qin)(qin)(qin)击晋(jin)(jin)，皆(jie)求从(cong)，从(cong)而见缪(mou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)窘，亦皆(jie)推锋争死⑨，以(yi)(yi)报食(shi)马(ma)之德。于是缪(mou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)虏晋(jin)(jin)君(jun)(jun)(jun)以(yi)(yi)归(gui)，令(ling)于国，“齐宿⑩，吾(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)将以(yi)(yi)晋(jin)(jin)君(jun)(jun)(jun)祠(ci)上帝(di)”。周天子闻之，曰(yue)(yue)“晋(jin)(jin)我(wo)同(tong)姓(11)”，为(wei)(wei)(wei)请(qing)晋(jin)(jin)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(12)。夷吾(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)姊(zi)亦为(wei)(wei)(wei)缪(mou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)夫人(ren)，夫人(ren)闻之，乃(nai)(nai)衰绖跣(13)，曰(yue)(yue)：“妾(qie)兄弟(di)不能相救(jiu)，以(yi)(yi)辱君(jun)(jun)(jun)命(14)。”缪(mou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)曰(yue)(yue)：“我(wo)得(de)晋(jin)(jin)君(jun)(jun)(jun)以(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)功，今天子为(wei)(wei)(wei)请(qing)(15)，夫人(ren)是忧(16)。”乃(nai)(nai)与晋(jin)(jin)君(jun)(jun)(jun)盟，许归(gui)之，更舍(she)(she)上舍(she)(she)(17)，而馈之七牢(18)。十一月，归(gui)晋(jin)(jin)君(jun)(jun)(jun)夷吾(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，夷吾(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)献其河(he)西(xi)地(di)，使太子圉为(wei)(wei)(wei)质于秦(qin)(qin)(qin)(19)。秦(qin)(qin)(qin)妻子圉以(yi)(yi)宗女(20)。是时秦(qin)(qin)(qin)地(di)东至河(he)。
①弃其军：指(zhi)甩(shuai)下(xia)部队独(du)自向前(qian)冲。②还(hai)（ｘｕáｎ，旋）：通“旋”。（ｚｈì，志）：马负重难(nan)行的样(yang)子。《索隐(yin)》：“，谓马重而(er)陷(xian)之(zhi)于(yu)泥。”③麾(hui)下(xia)：部下(xia)。④冒：不顾险恶(e)。⑤亡：丢失。⑥野人(ren)：乡下(xia)人(ren)。食(shi)善马事见(jian)《吕(lv)氏(shi)春(chun)秋·爱(ai)士篇》。⑦法(fa)之(zhi)：法(fa)办(ban)他(ta)们。⑧畜产：牲(sheng)畜。⑨推：举。锋：指(zhi)兵刃。争死(si)：争着(zhe)为(wei)(wei)缪公而(er)献身(shen)。⑩齐（ｚｈāｉ，斋）宿(su)：斋戒(jie)独(du)宿(su)。齐，通“斋”。同(tong)姓(xing)：周与晋(jin)同(tong)为(wei)(wei)姬姓(xing)。为(wei)(wei)（ｗèｉ，畏），因(yin)此。请晋(jin)君(jun)(jun)：为(wei)(wei)晋(jin)君(jun)(jun)请，替晋(jin)君(jun)(jun)求情。(13)衰(shuai)（ｃｕī，崔）绖（ｄｉé，迭）：泛(fan)指(zhi)丧(sang)服。衰(shuai)，古(gu)(gu)代(dai)用粗麻布制成的毛边的丧(sang)服。绖，古(gu)(gu)代(dai)服丧(sang)期间结在头上(shang)或腰间的葛麻布带(dai)。跣(xian)（ｘｉǎｎ，显）：赤脚。(14)辱君(jun)(jun)命：意(yi)思是让您(nin)下(xia)命令是使您(nin)受屈辱了。(15)为(wei)(wei)请：等于(yu)说“为(wei)(wei)之(zhi)而(er)请”，替他(ta)求情。(16)是忧(you)：等于(yu)说“忧(you)是”，为(wei)(wei)这事忧(you)虑。(17)更(geng)舍(she)：改住(zhu)。上(shang)舍(she)：上(shang)等房舍(she)。(18)馈(kui)（ｋｕì，溃）：赠送食(shi)物。七牢(lao)：牛、羊、猪(zhu)各(ge)一(yi)头叫做(zuo)一(yi)牢(lao)。七牢(lao)是指(zhi)规格(ge)很高的饮食(shi)。 (19)为(wei)(wei)质：做(zuo)抵押。(20)妻：嫁给。宗(zong)女(nv)：同(tong)宗(zong)族(zu)的女(nv)儿。
十八(ba)年(nian)，齐桓公卒。二(er)十年(nian)，秦(qin)灭梁、芮。
二十二年，晋(jin)(jin)公(gong)子(zi)(zi)圉(yu)(yu)闻(wen)晋(jin)(jin)君(jun)病①，曰：“梁，我(wo)母家也(ye)，而(er)(er)秦(qin)灭之(zhi)。我(wo)兄(xiong)弟多，即君(jun)百(bai)岁后②，秦(qin)必留我(wo)，而(er)(er)晋(jin)(jin)轻，亦(yi)更立他子(zi)(zi)。”子(zi)(zi)圉(yu)(yu)乃(nai)亡归晋(jin)(jin)。二十三年，晋(jin)(jin)惠(hui)公(gong)卒，子(zi)(zi)圉(yu)(yu)立为君(jun)。秦(qin)怨圉(yu)(yu)亡去，乃(nai)迎晋(jin)(jin)公(gong)子(zi)(zi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)耳(er)于楚，而(er)(er)妻(qi)(qi)以子(zi)(zi)圉(yu)(yu)妻(qi)(qi)。重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)耳(er)初(chu)谢，后乃(nai)受。缪(mou)公(gong)益礼厚遇之(zhi)③。二十四年春，秦(qin)使(shi)人*晋(jin)(jin)大臣(chen)，欲入重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)耳(er)。晋(jin)(jin)许之(zhi)，于是使(shi)人送重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)耳(er)。二月，重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)耳(er)立为晋(jin)(jin)君(jun)，是为文公(gong)。文公(gong)使(shi)人杀子(zi)(zi)圉(yu)(yu)。子(zi)(zi)圉(yu)(yu)是为怀公(gong)。
①子圉（ｙǔ，语）的(de)母(mu)亲是梁伯(bo)的(de)女儿。②即：如果。百岁后：死的(de)委婉说法。③遇：待。
其(qi)秋，周襄(xiang)王(wang)弟带(dai)以翟伐王(wang)，王(wang)出居郑①。二(er)十(shi)(shi)五年，周王(wang)使人告难于晋(jin)(jin)、秦(qin)②。秦(qin)缪(mou)公(gong)(gong)将(jiang)兵助晋(jin)(jin)文(wen)公(gong)(gong)入(ru)襄(xiang)王(wang)，杀(sha)王(wang)弟带(dai)。二(er)十(shi)(shi)八年，晋(jin)(jin)文(wen)公(gong)(gong)败楚(chu)于城濮。三(san)十(shi)(shi)年，缪(mou)公(gong)(gong)助晋(jin)(jin)文(wen)公(gong)(gong)围郑。郑使人言缪(mou)公(gong)(gong)曰：“亡郑厚晋(jin)(jin)③，于晋(jin)(jin)而得矣，而秦(qin)未(wei)有利。晋(jin)(jin)之强，秦(qin)之忧也(ye)。”缪(mou)公(gong)(gong)乃(nai)罢(ba)兵归。晋(jin)(jin)亦罢(ba)。三(san)十(shi)(shi)二(er)年冬，晋(jin)(jin)文(wen)公(gong)(gong)卒(zu)。
①王出(chu)居(ju)郑(zheng)：事(shi)详见《周(zhou)本纪》。②人：指郑(zheng)大(da)夫烛之武。事(shi)详《左传·僖(xi)公三十年(nian)》。③厚晋(jin)(jin)：使晋(jin)(jin)厚，意思是(shi)加强(qiang)了晋(jin)(jin)国的(de)实力。
郑(zheng)(zheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)有(you)卖(mai)郑(zheng)(zheng)于秦曰(yue)①：“我主其(qi)城门(men)，郑(zheng)(zheng)可(ke)袭也(ye)(ye)。”缪公(gong)问蹇叔(shu)(shu)、百(bai)里(li)(li)(li)傒，对(dui)曰(yue)：“径数国(guo)千(qian)里(li)(li)(li)而袭人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)②，希(xi)有(you)得利者③。且人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)卖(mai)郑(zheng)(zheng)，庸知我国(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)有(you)以我情(qing)告(gao)郑(zheng)(zheng)者乎(hu)④？不(bu)(bu)可(ke)。”缪公(gong)曰(yue)：“子(zi)不(bu)(bu)知也(ye)(ye)，吾(wu)(wu)已决(jue)矣(yi)。”遂发(fa)兵(bing)，使(shi)百(bai)里(li)(li)(li)傒子(zi)孟明(ming)视，蹇叔(shu)(shu)子(zi)西乞(qi)术及(ji)白(bai)乙(yi)丙将(jiang)(jiang)兵(bing)。行日，百(bai)里(li)(li)(li)傒、蹇叔(shu)(shu)二(er)(er)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)哭(ku)之(zhi)。缪公(gong)闻(wen)，怒曰(yue)：“孤(gu)发(fa)兵(bing)而子(zi)沮(ju)哭(ku)吾(wu)(wu)军(jun)⑤，何也(ye)(ye)？”二(er)(er)老(lao)(lao)曰(yue)：“臣非(fei)敢沮(ju)君(jun)军(jun)。军(jun)行、臣子(zi)与(yu)往；臣老(lao)(lao)，迟还恐(kong)(kong)不(bu)(bu)相(xiang)见(jian)，故(gu)哭(ku)耳。”二(er)(er)老(lao)(lao)退(tui)，谓(wei)其(qi)子(zi)曰(yue)：‘汝军(jun)即(ji)败(bai)，必(bi)于殽阨矣(yi)。”三(san)十三(san)年(nian)春，秦兵(bing)遂东，更(geng)晋地⑥，过周(zhou)北门(men)。周(zhou)王孙(sun)满曰(yue)：“秦师无礼，不(bu)(bu)败(bai)何待⑦！”兵(bing)至(zhi)滑，郑(zheng)(zheng)贩(fan)卖(mai)贾(jia)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)弦高(gao)⑧，持(chi)十二(er)(er)牛(niu)将(jiang)(jiang)卖(mai)之(zhi)周(zhou)，见(jian)秦兵(bing)，恐(kong)(kong)死虏，因(yin)献(xian)其(qi)牛(niu)，曰(yue)：“闻(wen)大国(guo)将(jiang)(jiang)诛郑(zheng)(zheng)，郑(zheng)(zheng)君(jun)谨修守御备，使(shi)臣以牛(niu)十二(er)(er)劳军(jun)士。”秦三(san)将(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)相(xiang)谓(wei)曰(yue)：“将(jiang)(jiang)袭郑(zheng)(zheng)，郑(zheng)(zheng)今(jin)已觉(jue)之(zhi)，往无及(ji)已⑨。”灭滑。滑，晋之(zhi)边(bian)邑(yi)也(ye)(ye)。
①卖郑(zheng)于秦者(zhe)：《郑(zheng)世家》记载(zai)是(shi)郑(zheng)司(si)城缯贺。而《左传·僖公三(san)(san)(san)(san)十二年(nian)》记载(zai)是(shi)戌守郑(zheng)国的秦大夫杞(qi)子。②径：经过，穿行。③希：同“稀(xi)”，少。④庸(yong)：何，怎么(me)。⑤沮（ｊǔ，举）：阻止。⑥更：经过。⑦“周(zhou)王孙(sun)满(man)曰(yue)(yue)”三(san)(san)(san)(san)句：《左传·僖公三(san)(san)(san)(san)十三(san)(san)(san)(san)年(nian)》云：“秦师过周(zhou)北门(men)(men)，左右免胄（指摘下头盔）而下，超乘(cheng)（下车立即又跳上(shang)车）者(zhe)三(san)(san)(san)(san)百乘(cheng)。王孙(sun)满(man)尚幼，观之，言(yan)于王曰(yue)(yue)：‘秦师轻而无礼，必(bi)败。”杜(du)预注云：“王城北门(men)(men)也。谓过天子门(men)(men)不卷甲束(shu)兵。超乘(cheng)，示勇也。”⑧贾（ｇǔ，古）人(ren)：商(shang)人(ren)。⑨已(yi)：语(yu)气词(ci)，同“矣”。
当是时，晋(jin)文(wen)公丧尚未葬(zang)。太子(zi)襄(xiang)公怒曰：“秦(qin)(qin)侮我孤，因丧破(po)我滑①。”遂(sui)墨衰(shuai)绖②，发兵遮秦(qin)(qin)兵于殽，击之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，大破(po)秦(qin)(qin)军，无一人得(de)脱者。虏秦(qin)(qin)三(san)(san)将以(yi)归。文(wen)公夫人③，秦(qin)(qin)女也，为秦(qin)(qin)三(san)(san)囚将请曰：“缪公之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)怨此三(san)(san)人入于骨髓，愿令此三(san)(san)人归，令我君(jun)得(de)自(zi)快烹之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)④。”晋(jin)君(jun)许(xu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，归秦(qin)(qin)三(san)(san)将。三(san)(san)将至，缪公素(su)服(fu)郊迎⑤，向三(san)(san)人哭曰：“孤以(yi)不用百里傒、蹇叔言(yan)以(yi)辱三(san)(san)子(zi)，三(san)(san)子(zi)何罪乎？子(zi)其悉心雪耻⑥，毋怠。”遂(sui)复三(san)(san)人官(guan)秩如故⑦，愈益厚之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
①我(wo)滑：据《史记(ji)》上文(wen)，滑乃晋(jin)边(bian)邑；据《左传(chuan)》，滑乃晋(jin)的同姓与国(guo)(guo)。②墨衰绖：染黑丧(sang)服。此时(shi)襄公(gong)(gong)居丧(sang)，应穿丧(sang)服，但(dan)丧(sang)服是白(bai)色的，不利(li)行军作战，所以染成黑色。③文(wen)公(gong)(gong)夫人：文(wen)嬴(ying)，晋(jin)文(wen)公(gong)(gong)在秦时(shi)缪(mou)公(gong)(gong)所妻(qi)之秦国(guo)(guo)宗(zong)女(nv)，晋(jin)襄公(gong)(gong)之嫡(di)母(mu)。④快：痛快。⑤素服：穿白(bai)色丧(sang)服。⑥悉心(xin)：全心(xin)，尽心(xin)。⑦官秩：官爵与俸禄。
三十(shi)四年(nian)，楚太子(zi)商臣弑其(qi)父成王代立(li)。
缪公于(yu)是复使孟明视等将兵(bing)(bing)伐(fa)晋，战于(yu)彭衙。秦不利，引(yin)兵(bing)(bing)归(gui)。
戎(rong)(rong)(rong)王(wang)(wang)使(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)(you)余(yu)于(yu)秦(qin)①。由(you)(you)(you)余(yu)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)先晋人(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)，亡入戎(rong)(rong)(rong)，能晋言②。闻缪(mou)(mou)公(gong)贤，故使(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)(you)余(yu)观(guan)秦(qin)。秦(qin)缪(mou)(mou)公(gong)示以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)宫(gong)室、积(ji)聚。由(you)(you)(you)余(yu)曰(yue)：“使(shi)(shi)鬼为之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，则劳神矣(yi)③。使(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)为之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，亦(yi)苦民矣(yi)。”缪(mou)(mou)公(gong)怪之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，问曰(yue)：“中国(guo)(guo)(guo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)诗(shi)书礼乐法度为政(zheng)，然(ran)(ran)尚时乱(luan)④，今戎(rong)(rong)(rong)夷无此，何(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为治，不亦(yi)难(nan)乎？”由(you)(you)(you)余(yu)笑曰(yue)：“此乃中国(guo)(guo)(guo)所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)乱(luan)也(ye)(ye)。夫自上(shang)(shang)圣(sheng)黄帝(di)作为礼乐法度，身以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)先之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)⑤，仅(jin)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)小治。及其(qi)(qi)(qi)后(hou)世，日以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)骄淫(yin)。阻法度之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)威⑥，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)责(ze)督于(yu)下⑦，下罢(ba)极则以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)仁义怨望于(yu)上(shang)(shang)⑧，上(shang)(shang)下交(jiao)争怨而(er)相篡弑，至(zhi)于(yu)灭宗，皆以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此类也(ye)(ye)。夫戎(rong)(rong)(rong)夷不然(ran)(ran)。上(shang)(shang)含淳(chun)德以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)遇其(qi)(qi)(qi)下，下怀忠信以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)事其(qi)(qi)(qi)上(shang)(shang)，一国(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)政(zheng)犹一身之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)治，不知所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)治⑨，此真圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)治也(ye)(ye)。”于(yu)是缪(mou)(mou)公(gong)退(tui)而(er)问内(nei)史廖(liao)曰(yue)：“孤闻邻(lin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)有圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)，敌(di)国(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)忧也(ye)(ye)。今由(you)(you)(you)余(yu)贤，寡人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)害(hai)，将奈之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)何(he)？”内(nei)史廖(liao)曰(yue)：“戎(rong)(rong)(rong)王(wang)(wang)处辟匿(ni)⑩，未闻中国(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)声(11)。君试(shi)遗其(qi)(qi)(qi)女(nv)乐(12)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)辰其(qi)(qi)(qi)志(13)；为由(you)(you)(you)余(yu)请，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)疏(shu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)间(jian)(14)；留而(er)莫遣，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)失其(qi)(qi)(qi)期。戎(rong)(rong)(rong)王(wang)(wang)怪之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，必疑由(you)(you)(you)余(yu)。君臣有间(jian)，乃可(ke)虏(lu)也(ye)(ye)。且戎(rong)(rong)(rong)王(wang)(wang)好乐，必怠于(yu)政(zheng)。”缪(mou)(mou)公(gong)曰(yue)：“善。”因与由(you)(you)(you)余(yu)曲(qu)席(xi)而(er)坐(15)，传器而(er)食，问其(qi)(qi)(qi)地形与其(qi)(qi)(qi)兵势尽察，而(er)后(hou)令内(nei)史廖(liao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)女(nv)乐二八(ba)遗戎(rong)(rong)(rong)王(wang)(wang)。戎(rong)(rong)(rong)王(wang)(wang)受而(er)说(shuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(16)，终年不还(17)。于(yu)是秦(qin)乃归由(you)(you)(you)余(yu)。由(you)(you)(you)余(yu)数谏(jian)不听，缪(mou)(mou)公(gong)又数使(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)间(jian)要由(you)(you)(you)余(yu)(18)，由(you)(you)(you)余(yu)遂去(qu)降秦(qin)。缪(mou)(mou)公(gong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)客礼礼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，问伐戎(rong)(rong)(rong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)形。
①使(shi)由余(yu)：“派由余(yu)出使(shi)。②能(neng)晋言：能(neng)说(shuo)晋国话（晋方言）。③“使(shi)鬼(gui)”二(er)句(ju)：这(zhei)些宫室积蓄，如果是叫鬼(gui)神(shen)建造，就会使(shi)鬼(gui)神(shen)感到劳(lao)累。下二(er)句(ju)仿此。④时：时常(chang)，常(chang)常(chang)。⑤身以(yi)先(xian)之：等于说(shuo)“以(yi)身先(xian)之”，意思是亲(qin)自(zi)带(dai)头去(qu)实行。⑥阻：恃，凭(ping)仗。⑦责督：要求和(he)监督。⑧罢极：疲惫。罢，通(tong)“疲”。极，也是疲的意思。怨望：怨恨。“怨”“望”同义。⑨所以(yi)治(zhi)：治(zhi)理的方法。⑩辟匿：指偏(pian)僻(pi)之地。(11)声(sheng)：指音乐。(12)遗（ｗèｉ，畏）：赠送。女乐：歌舞伎女。(13)夺其(qi)志：意思是改变他的心志。(14)疏(shu)其(qi)间：使(shi)他们的间隔(ge)加大。即使(shi)他们相互(hu)疏(shu)远(yuan)的意思。(15)曲(qu)席：连席，座席相连接。(16)说(shuo)（ｙｕè，悦）：同“悦”。(17)不还：《韩非子(zi)·十过》作“不迁”，下有“牛马半死”一句(ju)。译文参用《韩非子(zi)》。(18)间：暗中，秘密。要：通(tong)“邀(yao)”，邀(yao)请。
三十六年，缪(mou)公复(fu)益厚孟明等，使将兵(bing)伐(fa)晋(jin)，渡河(he)焚(fen)船①，大败晋(jin)人，取王官(guan)及鄗，以报(bao)殽之(zhi)役(yi)②。晋(jin)人皆城守不(bu)敢(gan)出③。于(yu)是(shi)缪(mou)公乃自茅津渡河(he)，封(feng)殽中(zhong)尸④，为发丧(sang)，哭之(zhi)三日(ri)。乃誓于(yu)军曰(yue)：“嗟(jie)士卒！听(ting)无，余(yu)誓告汝(ru)。古(gu)之(zhi)人谋黄发番番⑤，则无所过：“以申思(si)不(bu)用蹇叔、百里傒之(zhi)谋⑥，故作此誓，令后世以记(ji)余(yu)过。君(jun)子闻之(zhi)，皆为垂(chui)涕⑦，曰(yue)：“嗟(jie)乎！秦缪(mou)公之(zhi)与人周(zhou)也⑧，卒得孟明之(zhi)庆。”
①焚船(chuan)：即(ji)破釜沉舟的(de)(de)意思，表示(shi)死战的(de)(de)决心。②报：报复(fu)，报仇。③城守：在(zai)城墙上守卫(wei)。④封：筑坟，给坟添(tian)土。⑤黄发(fa)(fa)番(fan)（ｐó，婆(po)）番(fan)：指老年人(ren)。黄发(fa)(fa)，老年人(ren)的(de)(de)头发(fa)(fa)白了以后还会变黄，故用黄发(fa)(fa)借指年纪(ji)很老的(de)(de)人(ren)。番(fan)番(fan)，白发(fa)(fa)苍苍的(de)(de)样子(zi)。番(fan)，通“皤”⑥申(shen)(shen)思：反复(fu)思考。申(shen)(shen)，重复(fu)⑦垂涕(ti)：落泪(lei)。涕(ti)，眼泪(lei)⑧与：帮助。
三(san)(san)十(shi)七(qi)年(nian)，秦用(yong)由余谋伐戎(rong)王，益(yi)国十(shi)二，开地千(qian)里(li)，遂霸西戎(rong)。天子使召(zhao)公(gong)(gong)过贺(he)缪(mou)公(gong)(gong)以(yi)金(jin)鼓①。三(san)(san)十(shi)九年(nian)，缪(mou)公(gong)(gong)卒(zu)，葬雍(yong)。从(cong)死者百七(qi)十(shi)七(qi)人(ren)，秦之(zhi)(zhi)良臣(chen)子舆(yu)氏三(san)(san)人(ren)名曰(yue)奄息、仲(zhong)行、鍼虎，亦在从(cong)死之(zhi)(zhi)中。秦人(ren)哀之(zhi)(zhi)②，为作歌《黄鸟》之(zhi)(zhi)诗③。君之(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)：“秦缪(mou)公(gong)(gong)广(guang)地益(yi)国，东(dong)服强晋④，西霸戎(rong)夷，然不为诸侯盟主，亦宜哉。死而(er)弃民，收其(qi)良臣(chen)而(er)从(cong)死。且先王崩⑤，尚(shang)犹遗(yi)德(de)垂法⑥，况夺之(zhi)(zhi)善人(ren)良臣(chen)百姓所哀者乎⑦？是以(yi)知秦不能(neng)复东(dong)征也(ye)。”缪(mou)公(gong)(gong)子四十(shi)人(ren)，其(qi)太子代立(li)，是为康公(gong)(gong)。
①金(jin)鼓：古代军(jun)队中(zhong)用(yong)以指挥发信号的(de)用(yong)具。金(jin)，指金(jin)属(shu)制成的(de)钲，鸣(ming)金(jin)表示止(zhi)兵；鼓是战鼓，擂鼓表示进击。②哀：同情。③《黄鸟》之诗(shi)：“见《诗(shi)经·秦风》。④服强晋：使强大的(de)晋国服从。⑤先王(wang)：指古有德(de)之王(wang)。⑥遗德(de)垂法(fa)：留下来(lai)的(de)道德(de)和法(fa)度。垂，流传(chuan)，留下。⑦之：那。
康公(gong)(gong)元年(nian)(nian)。往(wang)岁缪公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)卒(zu)，晋(jin)襄公(gong)(gong)亦(yi)卒(zu)；襄公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)弟名雍(yong)，秦(qin)(qin)(qin)出也①，在秦(qin)(qin)(qin)。晋(jin)赵盾欲立(li)之(zhi)，使(shi)随会(hui)(hui)(hui)来迎雍(yong)，秦(qin)(qin)(qin)以兵送至令狐(hu)。晋(jin)立(li)襄公(gong)(gong)子而反(fan)(fan)击(ji)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)师，秦(qin)(qin)(qin)师败，随会(hui)(hui)(hui)来奔。二(er)年(nian)(nian)，秦(qin)(qin)(qin)伐(fa)晋(jin)，取(qu)武城(cheng)，报令狐(hu)之(zhi)役(yi)。四年(nian)(nian)，晋(jin)伐(fa)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)，取(qu)少梁。六年(nian)(nian)，秦(qin)(qin)(qin)伐(fa)晋(jin)，取(qu)羁马。战于河曲，大败晋(jin)军。晋(jin)人患随会(hui)(hui)(hui)在秦(qin)(qin)(qin)为(wei)乱②，乃使(shi)魏雠余详反(fan)(fan)③，合谋会(hui)(hui)(hui)，诈(zha)而得会(hui)(hui)(hui)，会(hui)(hui)(hui)遂归晋(jin)。康公(gong)(gong)立(li)十二(er)年(nian)(nian)卒(zu)，子共公(gong)(gong)立(li)。
①秦(qin)出(chu)：指秦(qin)女所生。②患：忧虑，担心。③详（ｙáｎｇ，佯）：通“佯”假装。
共公(gong)二年(nian)，晋(jin)赵穿弑(shi)其君灵公(gong)。三年(nian)，楚庄王强(qiang)，北兵(bing)至(zhi)雒，问(wen)周(zhou)鼎①。共公(gong)立五年(nian)卒，子桓公(gong)立。
①问周鼎：指图谋夺取周王朝的政(zheng)权。周鼎，相传禹收天下之金铸成(cheng)九鼎，象(xiang)征(zheng)天下九州，后成(cheng)为象(xiang)征(zheng)国家政(zheng)权的传国之宝。商(shang)(shang)汤迁之于商(shang)(shang)邑，周武王迁之于洛邑。
桓公(gong)三年(nian)(nian)，晋(jin)(jin)败我一将(jiang)①。十(shi)年(nian)(nian)，楚(chu)庄王服(fu)郑，北(bei)败晋(jin)(jin)兵于河上，当是(shi)之时(shi)，楚(chu)霸，为会盟合诸(zhu)侯。二(er)十(shi)四(si)年(nian)(nian)，晋(jin)(jin)厉(li)公(gong)初立(li)，与秦(qin)(qin)桓公(gong)夹河而(er)盟。归而(er)秦(qin)(qin)倍盟②，与翟合谋击晋(jin)(jin)。二(er)十(shi)六年(nian)(nian)，晋(jin)(jin)率诸(zhu)侯伐秦(qin)(qin)，秦(qin)(qin)军败走，追至泾而(er)还(hai)。桓公(gong)立(li)二(er)十(shi)七年(nian)(nian)卒，子景公(gong)立(li)。
①一将：据《晋世家》记(ji)载，这一年晋俘虏(lu)了秦将赤。②倍：同“背(bei)”，背(bei)弃。
景公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)，晋(jin)栾(luan)书弑(shi)其君(jun)厉公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。十五年(nian)(nian)(nian)，救郑，败晋(jin)兵于栎。是时晋(jin)悼公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)为盟(meng)主。十八年(nian)(nian)(nian)，晋(jin)悼公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)强，数(shu)会(hui)(hui)诸侯，率以伐(fa)秦(qin)(qin)，败秦(qin)(qin)军(jun)。秦(qin)(qin)军(jun)走(zou)，晋(jin)兵追之。遂渡泾，至棫林(lin)而还。二十七年(nian)(nian)(nian)，景公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)如晋(jin)，与(yu)平(ping)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)盟(meng)，已而背之。三十六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)，楚公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)围弑(shi)其君(jun)而自(zi)立(li)，是为灵(ling)王(wang)。景公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)母(mu)弟(di)后子(zi)鍼有(you)宠，景公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)母(mu)弟(di)富(fu)①，或谮之②，恐诛(zhu)，乃奔晋(jin)，车重千乘③。晋(jin)平(ping)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)曰(yue)：“后子(zi)富(fu)如此，何以自(zi)亡？”对(dui)曰(yue)：“秦(qin)(qin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)无(wu)道，畏(wei)诛(zhu)，欲待其后世乃归④。”三十九年(nian)(nian)(nian)，楚灵(ling)王(wang)强，会(hui)(hui)诸侯于申，为盟(meng)主，杀齐庆(qing)封(feng)。景公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)立(li)四十年(nian)(nian)(nian)卒，子(zi)哀(ai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)立(li)。后子(zi)复来归秦(qin)(qin)。
①景(jing)(jing)公(gong)母弟富(fu)：《会(hui)注考证》云：“枫、三、南本(ben)无‘景(jing)(jing)公(gong)母弟’四字。”②谮（ｚèｎ，去声怎）：说坏话(hua)诬陷(xian)别人(ren)。③车重：辎(zi)(zi)重，辎(zi)(zi)重车。④后(hou)世：后(hou)嗣，后(hou)代(dai)。
哀公(gong)八年，楚公(gong)子(zi)弃疾(ji)弑灵王(wang)而自立(li)(li)，是为平(ping)王(wang)。十(shi)一(yi)年，楚平(ping)王(wang)来求秦(qin)女为太子(zi)建(jian)妻(qi)。至国，女好而自娶之。十(shi)五(wu)年，楚平(ping)王(wang)欲诛(zhu)建(jian)，建(jian)亡；伍(wu)子(zi)胥(xu)奔吴(wu)。晋(jin)(jin)公(gong)室卑而六卿强①，欲内相攻，是以久秦(qin)晋(jin)(jin)不(bu)(bu)相攻。三(san)十(shi)一(yi)年，吴(wu)王(wang)阖闾与伍(wu)子(zi)胥(xu)伐楚，楚王(wang)亡奔随，吴(wu)遂入郢(ying)。楚大夫申(shen)包胥(xu)来告急②，七(qi)日(ri)不(bu)(bu)食，日(ri)夜(ye)哭泣(qi)。于是秦(qin)乃发五(wu)百乘救楚，败吴(wu)师(shi)。吴(wu)师(shi)归(gui)，楚昭王(wang)乃得复入郢(ying)。哀公(gong)立(li)(li)三(san)十(shi)六年卒。太子(zi)夷(yi)公(gong)，夷(yi)公(gong)蚤(zao)死，不(bu)(bu)得立(li)(li)，立(li)(li)夷(yi)公(gong)子(zi)，是为惠公(gong)。
①公(gong)室：指(zhi)诸侯家族(zu)。六卿：晋(jin)国(guo)有(you)范氏(shi)(shi)、中行氏(shi)(shi)、智氏(shi)(shi)、赵(zhao)氏(shi)(shi)、韩(han)氏(shi)(shi)、魏氏(shi)(shi)六个家族(zu)，世代(dai)为(wei)卿，称六卿。②申包胥为(wei)求救兵，立(li)倚秦庭(ting)墙哭七日七夜。事见《左传·定公(gong)四年》。
惠(hui)公元年(nian)(nian)(nian)，孔子行(xing)鲁相事(shi)。五年(nian)(nian)(nian)，晋卿中(zhong)行(xing)、范(fan)氏(shi)反晋，晋使智氏(shi)、赵简子攻之，范(fan)、中(zhong)行(xing)氏(shi)亡奔齐。惠(hui)公立十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)卒，子悼公立。
悼(dao)(dao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)二(er)年(nian)，齐(qi)(qi)臣田乞弑其(qi)君孺子(zi)，立(li)(li)其(qi)兄阳(yang)生，是为悼(dao)(dao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。六年(nian)，吴败齐(qi)(qi)师(shi)。齐(qi)(qi)人(ren)弑悼(dao)(dao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，立(li)(li)其(qi)子(zi)简(jian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。九年(nian)，晋定公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)与吴王夫差盟，争(zheng)长于黄池，卒先吴①。吴强，陵中国(guo)②。十二(er)年(nian)，齐(qi)(qi)田常(chang)弑简(jian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，立(li)(li)其(qi)弟平公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，常(chang)相之。十三年(nian)，楚灭陈。秦(qin)悼(dao)(dao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)立(li)(li)十四年(nian)卒。子(zi)厉共(gong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)立(li)(li)。孔(kong)子(zi)以悼(dao)(dao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)十二(er)年(nian)卒③。
①先吴(wu)：让吴(wu)占先了(le)。②陵：欺压。③以：于，在(zai)。
厉共(gong)(gong)公二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)，蜀人(ren)来赂。十六年(nian)(nian)，堑河旁①。以兵二(er)(er)万伐大荔(li)，取(qu)其王城。二(er)(er)十一(yi)年(nian)(nian)，初县频阳(yang)。晋(jin)取(qu)武成(cheng)。二(er)(er)十四(si)年(nian)(nian)，晋(jin)乱，杀智伯②，分(fen)其国与(yu)赵、韩、魏。二(er)(er)十五年(nian)(nian)，智开与(yu)邑人(ren)来奔。三十三年(nian)(nian)，伐义渠，虏其王。三十四(si)年(nian)(nian)，日食(shi)。厉共(gong)(gong)公卒(zu)，子(zi)躁公立。
①堑(qian)：壕沟。这里是挖壕沟的意(yi)思。②杀智伯，韩、赵、魏三家(jia)分晋，列(lie)为诸侯，为战国的开始。事(shi)在公元前403年，《左传》记(ji)事(shi)至此(ci)为止。
躁(zao)公二(er)年，南郑反(fan)。十三年，义渠来伐(fa)，至渭南。十四(si)年，躁(zao)公卒，立(li)其弟(di)怀公。
怀(huai)(huai)公(gong)四年，庶(shu)长晁(chao)与大臣围怀(huai)(huai)公(gong)，怀(huai)(huai)公(gong)自杀。怀(huai)(huai)公(gong)太子曰昭(zhao)子，蚤死，大臣乃(nai)立(li)太子昭(zhao)子之(zhi)子，是为灵(ling)公(gong)。灵(ling)公(gong)，怀(huai)(huai)公(gong)孙也。
灵(ling)公六(liu)年(nian)，晋城少梁①，秦击之。十三年(nian)，城籍姑。灵(ling)公卒，子(zi)献(xian)公不得立，立灵(ling)公季父(fu)悼子(zi)，是为简公。简公，昭(zhao)子(zi)之弟而怀公子(zi)也。
①城少梁(liang)：在(zai)少梁(liang)筑城。
简公六年，令吏初带剑①。堑洛。城重泉。十六年卒(zu)，子惠公立。
①带(dai)剑：《正义》：“春(chun)秋官吏(li)各得带(dai)剑。”带(dai)剑是表(biao)示威仪。
惠公十二年，子出子生。十三年，伐(fa)蜀，取南(nan)郑。惠公卒，出子立。
出子(zi)二年，庶长(zhang)改迎灵(ling)公之(zhi)子(zi)献公于河西而立之(zhi)。杀出子(zi)及其母，沈之(zhi)渊旁。秦(qin)以往者数易(yi)君(jun)，君(jun)臣乖(guai)乱(luan)①，故(gu)晋(jin)复(fu)强，夺秦(qin)河西地。
①乖乱(luan)：混乱(luan)，不协调。
献公(gong)元年(nian)(nian)，止从死。二年(nian)(nian)，城(cheng)栎阳。四年(nian)(nian)正月庚(geng)寅，孝公(gong)生。十(shi)(shi)一年(nian)(nian)，周(zhou)太史儋见献公(gong)曰：“周(zhou)故与(yu)(yu)秦国合(he)而别，别五百岁(sui)(sui)复合(he)，合(he)（七(qi)）十(shi)(shi)七(qi)岁(sui)(sui)而霸王出(chu)①。”十(shi)(shi)六年(nian)(nian)，桃冬花(hua)②。十(shi)(shi)八年(nian)(nian)，雨金(jin)栎阳③。二十(shi)(shi)一年(nian)(nian)，与(yu)(yu)晋战(zhan)于石门，斩首六万，天子(zi)贺以黼黻(fu)④。二十(shi)(shi)三年(nian)(nian)，与(yu)(yu)魏晋战(zhan)少梁⑤，虏其将公(gong)孙痤。二十(shi)(shi)四年(nian)(nian)，献公(gong)卒(zu)，子(zi)孝公(gong)立，年(nian)(nian)已二十(shi)(shi)一岁(sui)(sui)矣。
①“周故与”三句：这是太史(shi)儋（ｄāｎ，丹）所说的一段预言(yan)吉凶祸(huo)福的谶（ｃｈèｎ，趁）语，在《史(shi)记(ji)》中(zhong)曾四次出现，不可信。详见(jian)《周本纪》烈(lie)王(wang)二年注。
②冬(dong)花：冬(dong)天开花。③雨金(jin)：天上落(luo)金(jin)，古人以为是吉兆。④黼黻（ｆǔ ｆú，斧福）：古绣(xiu)有花纹(wen)的(de)礼(li)服。黼，黑白相间如斧形的(de)花纹(wen)。黻，黑青相间如形的(de)花纹(wen)。⑤魏(wei)晋(jin)(jin)：即魏(wei)。秦献(xian)公九年（前(qian)376），韩、赵(zhao)、魏(wei)三家全部(bu)瓜(gua)分(fen)晋(jin)(jin)地，废晋(jin)(jin)静公，晋(jin)(jin)亡。因魏(wei)国本是晋(jin)(jin)的(de)一部(bu)分(fen)，所以称之为魏(wei)晋(jin)(jin)。
孝(xiao)公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)年(nian)，河山以(yi)东强国(guo)(guo)六(liu)①，与齐威(wei)、楚宣、魏惠(hui)、燕(yan)悼(dao)、韩(han)哀、赵成侯(hou)并(bing)。淮(huai)泗(si)之间，小国(guo)(guo)十(shi)余②。楚、魏与秦(qin)(qin)接(jie)界(jie)。魏筑长城(cheng)，自(zi)郑滨洛(luo)以(yi)北③，有(you)上郡。楚自(zi)汉中(zhong)(zhong)，南(nan)有(you)巴、黔中(zhong)(zhong)。周室微(wei)，诸侯(hou)力政④，争相并(bing)。秦(qin)(qin)僻在雍州，不与中(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)诸侯(hou)之会(hui)盟，夷(yi)翟(zhai)遇之⑤。孝(xiao)公(gong)(gong)于(yu)是布(bu)惠(hui)，振孤(gu)寡⑥，招战士，明功赏(shang)。下令国(guo)(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)曰：“昔我缪(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)自(zi)岐雍之间，修德行武(wu)，东平晋乱，以(yi)河为界(jie)，西霸戎翟(zhai)，广(guang)地千里，天子致伯，诸侯(hou)毕贺，为后世开业，甚光美。会(hui)往(wang)者(zhe)厉、躁、简公(gong)(gong)、出(chu)子之不宁，国(guo)(guo)家内忧，未(wei)遑外事⑦，三(san)晋攻夺我先君(jun)河西地，诸侯(hou)卑秦(qin)(qin)⑧，丑莫大焉⑨。献公(gong)(gong)即位、镇抚(fu)边境，徙治栎阳，且欲(yu)东伐(fa)，复缪(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)之故地，修缪(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)之政令。寡人思(si)念先君(jun)之意(yi)，常痛(tong)于(yu)心。宾客群臣(chen)有(you)能出(chu)奇计强秦(qin)(qin)者(zhe)⑩，吾且尊官(guan)，与之分土(tu)。”于(yu)是乃(nai)出(chu)兵(bing)东围陕城(cheng)，西斩戎之獂王。
①河山(shan)：黄河与殽山(shan)。②小(xiao)国(guo)(guo)十余：指鲁、宋、卫、邾、腾、薛等国(guo)(guo)。③滨洛以北：沿(yan)洛水(shui)往北。④力(li)政：以武力(li)相征伐。政：通“征”。⑤夷翟（ｄí，狄）遇之：像对(dui)待夷狄一样对(dui)待秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)。翟，通“狄”。⑥振：同(tong)“赈”，救济。⑦未遑(huang)（ｈｕáｎｇ，皇）：无(wu)暇顾(gu)及。遑(huang)，闲暇。⑧卑秦(qin)：轻视秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)。⑨丑：耻(chi)。⑩强(qiang)秦(qin)：使秦(qin)强(qiang)盛。尊官：提高他的官职(zhi)。分土：指赐给封地(di)。分，颁。
卫鞅闻是令下，西入(ru)秦，因景(jing)监求见(jian)孝(xiao)公①。
①因(yin)：通过。景(jing)监(jian)：名(ming)叫景(jing)的(de)宦官。监(jian)，宦官。
二年，天子致胙①。
三年，卫鞅说孝公变法(fa)修刑，内(nei)务耕(geng)稼，外劝(quan)战死之赏罚(fa)②，孝公善(shan)之③。甘龙、杜(du)挚等弗然(ran)④，相与(yu)争之⑤。卒用鞅法(fa)，百姓(xing)苦之；居三年，百姓(xing)便(bian)之⑥。乃(nai)拜鞅为左庶长。其事(shi)在《商君》语中(zhong)⑦。
①致胙（ｚｕò，作）：送来祭肉。胙：祭肉。②劝：鼓励，勉励。③善(shan)：以为(wei)善(shan)，认(ren)(ren)为(wei)好。④弗然(ran)：不以为(wei)然(ran)。认(ren)(ren)为(wei)不对。⑤争(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)：为(wei)此而争(zheng)辩。⑥便(bian)之(zhi)(zhi)：以之(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)便(bian)，认(ren)(ren)为(wei)它合适。⑦“其事”句：是说这(zhei)件事记载于《商君列传》中。
七(qi)年(nian)，与魏(wei)惠王会(hui)杜(du)平。八(ba)年(nian)，与魏(wei)战元里，有功。十(shi)年(nian)，卫(wei)鞅为大良造，将兵围(wei)魏(wei)安邑，降之①。十(shi)二年(nian)，作为咸(xian)阳，筑冀阙②，秦徙都之。并诸小乡聚③，集为大县(xian)，县(xian)一令，四(si)十(shi)一县(xian)。为田开(kai)阡陌④。东地渡洛⑤。十(shi)四(si)年(nian)，初为赋⑥。十(shi)九年(nian)，天子致伯。二十(shi)年(nian)，诸侯毕贺。秦使公子少官率师会(hui)诸侯逢泽，朝(chao)天子。
①降之：使安邑(yi)降服。②冀(ji)阙(que)：也叫(jiao)象(xiang)魏、象(xiang)阙(que)，古代(dai)廷外公布法令的门阙(que)。③乡聚(ju)：乡邑(yi)和村落。乡，一万二千户为乡。聚(ju)，村落。
④“为田(tian)”句：意思是(shi)说(shuo)开辟农田(tian)，废(fei)除井田(tian)制度下的(de)纵(zong)横交错的(de)田(tian)埂。
⑤东地渡洛(luo)：东部(bu)地界过(guo)了洛(luo)水。⑥初为赋：开(kai)始制定新(xin)的赋税制度。
二十一(yi)年，齐败魏马陵。
二(er)(er)十二(er)(er)年，卫鞅击魏，虏魏公子卬。封鞅为列侯，号商君。
二十四年，与晋战雁(yan)门①，虏其将魏错(cuo)。
孝公卒(zu)，子惠文君(jun)立。是岁(sui)，诛卫鞅(yang)(yang)。鞅(yang)(yang)之初为(wei)(wei)秦(qin)(qin)施(shi)法(fa)，法(fa)不行(xing)，太(tai)子犯禁(jin)。鞅(yang)(yang)曰：“法(fa)之不行(xing)，自于贵戚②。君(jun)必欲行(xing)法(fa)，先(xian)于太(tai)子。太(tai)子不可黥③，黥其(qi)傅师。”于是法(fa)大用，秦(qin)(qin)人(ren)治。及孝公卒(zu)，太(tai)子立，宗室多(duo)怨鞅(yang)(yang)，鞅(yang)(yang)亡，因以为(wei)(wei)反，而卒(zu)车裂以徇秦(qin)(qin)国④。
①晋：指魏(wei)。雁(yan)门：据《索隐》考(kao)证，“雁(yan)”恐为“岸(an)”之(zhi)误。②贵戚(qi)：与(yu)国君同姓的亲(qin)属(shu)。③黥：墨刑，以刀(dao)刻面涂墨。④车裂(lie)：也叫磔(zhe)（ｚｈé，折），古代酷刑之(zhi)一，把犯(fan)人绑在几辆车上，拖裂(lie)肢(zhi)体。徇：示众。
惠文君元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)，楚、韩(han)、赵(zhao)、蜀(shu)人来朝(chao)。二年(nian)(nian)，天(tian)子(zi)贺。三(san)年(nian)(nian)，王冠①。四年(nian)(nian)，天(tian)子(zi)致文武胙。齐、魏为王。
五年(nian)(nian)，阴(yin)晋(jin)人犀(xi)首为(wei)(wei)大良造。六年(nian)(nian)，魏纳阴(yin)晋(jin)，阴(yin)晋(jin)更名(ming)宁秦②。七年(nian)(nian)，公子卬与魏战，虏(lu)其将龙贾(jia)，斩首八万。八年(nian)(nian)，魏纳河西地(di)。九年(nian)(nian)，渡河，取汾阴(yin)、皮氏。与魏王(wang)会应。围焦，降之。十(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)，张(zhang)(zhang)仪相秦。魏纳上郡十(shi)(shi)五县(xian)。十(shi)(shi)一年(nian)(nian)，县(xian)义渠。归(gui)魏焦、曲沃③。义渠君为(wei)(wei)臣。更名(ming)少梁曰夏(xia)阳(yang)。十(shi)(shi)二年(nian)(nian)，初腊④。十(shi)(shi)三年(nian)(nian)四月(yue)戊(wu)午，魏君为(wei)(wei)王(wang)⑤，韩亦为(wei)(wei)王(wang)⑥。使张(zhang)(zhang)仪伐取陕(shan)，出其人与魏。
①冠(guan)：古(gu)代贵族子弟(di)年满二(er)(er)十岁行(xing)加冠(guan)仪(yi)式，表示已成年。②更(geng)名：改名。③归：归还。④初腊(la)：初次举(ju)(ju)行(xing)腊(la)祭。腊(la)，古(gu)代阴历十二(er)(er)月举(ju)(ju)行(xing)的一种祭祀，本为(wei)中原地区的风俗，此时秦国开始效仿之，故云“初腊(la)”。⑤魏君(jun)：《正义(yi)》以为(wei)指魏襄王。又(you)梁玉绳以为(wei)“魏君(jun)”为(wei)“秦君(jun)”之误。（见《会注考证(zheng)》引）⑥ 韩亦为(wei)王：指韩宣惠王。
十(shi)(shi)四年(nian)，更为元年(nian)①。二(er)年(nian)，张(zhang)(zhang)仪与齐、楚(chu)(chu)大臣(chen)(chen)会啮桑。三年(nian)，韩(han)(han)、魏(wei)(wei)太(tai)子来(lai)朝。张(zhang)(zhang)仪相(xiang)魏(wei)(wei)。五年(nian)，王(wang)(wang)游至北河。七年(nian)，乐池(chi)相(xiang)秦(qin)(qin)。韩(han)(han)、赵、魏(wei)(wei)、燕、齐帅匈奴共攻(gong)秦(qin)(qin)。秦(qin)(qin)使庶长疾(ji)与战修鱼，虏其将申差(cha)，败赵公子渴(ke)、韩(han)(han)太(tai)子奂，斩(zhan)首八(ba)万(wan)二(er)千。八(ba)年(nian)，张(zhang)(zhang)仪复相(xiang)秦(qin)(qin)。九(jiu)年(nian)，司马错伐蜀(shu)(shu)，灭(mie)之。伐取赵中都、西阳。十(shi)(shi)年(nian)，韩(han)(han)太(tai)子苍来(lai)质。伐取韩(han)(han)石章(zhang)。伐败赵将泥。伐取义渠二(er)十(shi)(shi)五城。十(shi)(shi)一年(nian)，里(li)疾(ji)攻(gong)魏(wei)(wei)焦，降(jiang)之。败韩(han)(han)岸门，斩(zhan)首万(wan)，其将犀(xi)首走。公子通封于(yu)蜀(shu)(shu)。燕君让其臣(chen)(chen)子之②。十(shi)(shi)二(er)年(nian)，王(wang)(wang)与梁王(wang)(wang)会临晋(jin)。庶长疾(ji)攻(gong)赵，虏赵将庄。张(zhang)(zhang)仪相(xiang)楚(chu)(chu)。十(shi)(shi)三年(nian)，庶长章(zhang)击楚(chu)(chu)于(yu)丹阳，虏其将屈丐(gai)，斩(zhan)首八(ba)万(wan)；又(you)攻(gong)楚(chu)(chu)汉中，取地六百里(li)，置汉中郡。楚(chu)(chu)围雍(yong)氏，秦(qin)(qin)使庶长疾(ji)助韩(han)(han)而东(dong)攻(gong)齐，到满助魏(wei)(wei)攻(gong)燕。十(shi)(shi)四年(nian)，伐楚(chu)(chu)，取召陵(ling)。丹、犁臣(chen)(chen)③，蜀(shu)(shu)相(xiang)壮杀蜀(shu)(shu)侯来(lai)降(jiang)④。
惠王(wang)卒(zu)，子武王(wang)立。韩、魏、齐(qi)、楚(chu)、越(yue)皆宾(bin)从⑤。
①元(yuan)年：指(zhi)后(hou)元(yuan)元(yuan)年（前324）。②让：指(zhi)让位。事(shi)详《燕召公(gong)世(shi)家》。③丹、犁(li)：戎族的两支，属(shu)西南(nan)夷。④“蜀(shu)(shu)(shu)相(xiang)壮(zhuang)”句：《张仪列(lie)传》及《战国策(ce)·秦策(ce)》记载，司马错伐(fa)蜀(shu)(shu)(shu)后(hou)，蜀(shu)(shu)(shu)王(wang)改称蜀(shu)(shu)(shu)侯，以(yi)陈(chen)庄为蜀(shu)(shu)(shu)相(xiang)。据此，这里“蜀(shu)(shu)(shu)相(xiang)壮(zhuang)”即陈(chen)庄，“蜀(shu)(shu)(shu)侯”当(dang)是原(yuan)蜀(shu)(shu)(shu)王(wang)或(huo)蜀(shu)(shu)(shu)王(wang)之子。（参用《会(hui)注考证》说）⑤越：《集解(jie)》引徐(xu)广曰(yue)：“一作赵。”宾从(cong)：归服。
武(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)元年，与(yu)魏(wei)惠(hui)王(wang)(wang)会临晋。诛蜀(shu)相壮。张仪、魏(wei)章皆东出之(zhi)魏(wei)。伐(fa)义(yi)渠、丹、犁。二年，初置丞相，里(li)疾、甘茂(mao)为左右(you)丞相。张仪死(si)于魏(wei)。三(san)年，与(yu)韩(han)襄(xiang)王(wang)(wang)会临晋外。南(nan)公揭(jie)卒，里(li)疾相韩(han)。武(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)谓甘茂(mao)曰：“寡人欲容车通三(san)川(chuan)①，窥周室，死(si)不恨矣②。”其秋，使甘茂(mao)、庶长封伐(fa)宜(yi)阳。四年，拔宜(yi)阳，斩首六(liu)万。涉河，城武(wu)(wu)(wu)遂。魏(wei)太子(zi)来朝(chao)。武(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)有力(li)好(hao)戏，力(li)士任鄙(bi)、乌获、孟说(shuo)皆至大官。王(wang)(wang)与(yu)孟说(shuo)举鼎，绝膑③。八(ba)月，武(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)死(si)。族孟说(shuo)④。武(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)取(qu)魏(wei)女为后(hou)，无子(zi)。立异母弟(di)，是为昭(zhao)(zhao)襄(xiang)王(wang)(wang)。昭(zhao)(zhao)襄(xiang)母楚人，姓芈氏，号宣太后(hou)。武(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)死(si)时，昭(zhao)(zhao)襄(xiang)王(wang)(wang)为质(zhi)于燕，燕人送归，得立。
①容(rong)(rong)车(che)(che)通三(san)(san)川(chuan)：《战国策·秦(qin)策》无“容(rong)(rong)”字。又(you)《会注考证》引安井衡曰：“车(che)(che)通三(san)(san)川(chuan)者，欲容(rong)(rong)车(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)广，通三(san)(san)川(chuan)之(zhi)(zhi)路也，不必须广。”据此，则“容(rong)(rong)车(che)(che)”指(zhi)能(neng)容(rong)(rong)车(che)(che)通过的(de)窄(zhai)路。三(san)(san)川(chuan)，三(san)(san)川(chuan)郡(jun)(jun)，当时属(shu)韩国，境内(nei)有河、洛、伊(yi)三(san)(san)条河流(liu)，故名三(san)(san)川(chuan)。东、西周(zhou)(zhou)在三(san)(san)川(chuan)郡(jun)(jun)中，所以这里“三(san)(san)川(chuan)”实际是指(zhi)周(zhou)(zhou)都洛阳，所以下(xia)句说(shuo)“窥周(zhou)(zhou)室”。②恨：遗憾。③膑：膝盖骨。④族(zu)：灭族(zu)，满门(men)抄斩。
昭襄王元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)，严君(jun)疾为(wei)相(xiang)。甘茂出之(zhi)魏(wei)。二年(nian)(nian)，慧(hui)星(xing)(xing)见。庶(shu)长(zhang)壮与(yu)大(da)臣、诸(zhu)侯(hou)、公子(zi)为(wei)逆，皆诛，及(ji)惠(hui)文(wen)后皆不得良死①。悼武王后出归魏(wei)。三年(nian)(nian)，王冠。与(yu)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)王会黄棘、与(yu)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)上庸②。四(si)年(nian)(nian)，取蒲(pu)阪。慧(hui)星(xing)(xing)见。五(wu)年(nian)(nian)，魏(wei)王来(lai)朝应亭，复与(yu)魏(wei)蒲(pu)阪。六年(nian)(nian)，蜀侯(hou)辉反③，司马(ma)错定蜀。庶(shu)长(zhang)奂(huan)伐(fa)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)，斩(zhan)首(shou)二万。泾(jing)阳(yang)君(jun)质于齐(qi)。日食，昼晦。七年(nian)(nian)，拔(ba)新城(cheng)。里子(zi)卒。八(ba)年(nian)(nian)，使将军(jun)芈(mi)戎攻(gong)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)，取新市(shi)。齐(qi)使章子(zi)，魏(wei)使公孙喜，韩(han)使暴鸢共攻(gong)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)方城(cheng)，取唐眛(mei)。赵(zhao)(zhao)破中山(shan)，其(qi)君(jun)亡，竟死齐(qi)。魏(wei)公子(zi)劲(jing)、韩(han)公子(zi)长(zhang)为(wei)诸(zhu)侯(hou)④。九年(nian)(nian)，孟尝君(jun)薛(xue)文(wen)来(lai)相(xiang)秦(qin)。奂(huan)攻(gong)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)，取八(ba)城(cheng)，杀(sha)其(qi)将景快。十(shi)年(nian)(nian)，楚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)怀(huai)王入朝秦(qin)，秦(qin)留之(zhi)。薛(xue)文(wen)以金受(shou)免(mian)⑤。楼(lou)缓(huan)为(wei)丞相(xiang)。十(shi)一年(nian)(nian)，齐(qi)、韩(han)、魏(wei)、赵(zhao)(zhao)、宋、中山(shan)五(wu)国共攻(gong)秦(qin)⑥，至(zhi)盐氏而(er)还。秦(qin)与(yu)韩(han)、魏(wei)河北及(ji)封陵以和。慧(hui)星(xing)(xing)见。楚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)怀(huai)王走之(zhi)赵(zhao)(zhao)，赵(zhao)(zhao)不受(shou)，还之(zhi)秦(qin)，即死，归葬。十(shi)二年(nian)(nian)，楼(lou)缓(huan)免(mian)，穰侯(hou)魏(wei)冉为(wei)相(xiang)。予(yu)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)粟(su)五(wu)万石。
①及：连及，牵连。良死：好死，善终。②与(yu)：给(ji)，这里(li)是(shi)归还的意思。③蜀侯(hou)(hou)(hou)辉（ｈｕī，辉）反(fan)：《索(suo)隐(yin)》：“《华阳国志》曰：‘秦(qin)(qin)(qin)封王(wang)子辉为(wei)蜀侯(hou)(hou)(hou)祭，蜀侯(hou)(hou)(hou)祭，归胙(zuo)于王(wang)，后母(mu)疾之(zhi)，加毒以(yi)(yi)进，王(wang)大怒，使(shi)司马错赐辉剑。’此(ci)辉不同也。”④为(wei)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)：指受到魏、韩(han)的分(fen)封。《索(suo)隐(yin)》：“别封之(zhi)邑，比之(zhi)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)，犹商君、赵长安君然。”⑤以(yi)(yi)金(jin)受免：《正义》以(yi)(yi)为(wei)“金(jin)受”是(shi)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)丞相(xiang)之(zhi)姓名。《会注考(kao)证》引方(fang)苞、张文虎说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，以(yi)(yi)为(wei)“金(jin)受”或为(wei)“受金(jin)”之(zhi)倒。又引梁(liang)玉绳曰：“考(kao)《孟(meng)尝(chang)君传》：秦(qin)(qin)(qin)昭(zhao)(zhao)王(wang)以(yi)(yi)为(wei)相(xiang)。人(ren)或说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)昭(zhao)(zhao)王(wang)曰：“孟(meng)尝(chang)君相(xiang)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)，必先齐而(er)后秦(qin)(qin)(qin)，秦(qin)(qin)(qin)其危(wei)矣。”于是(shi)昭(zhao)(zhao)王(wang)乃止(zhi)囚孟(meng)尝(chang)君。’疑金(jin)受是(shi)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)昭(zhao)(zhao)王(wang)之(zhi)人(ren)。”今姑从梁(liang)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)。⑥中(zhong)山：《正义》：“盖(gai)中(zhong)山此(ci)时(shi)属赵，故云五(wu)国也。”一说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)：当为(wei)衍(yan)文。
十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，向寿(shou)伐(fa)(fa)韩(han)(han)，取(qu)(qu)武(wu)(wu)始。左更(geng)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)新(xin)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。五(wu)(wu)(wu)大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)礼出(chu)亡奔魏(wei)(wei)(wei)。任(ren)(ren)鄙为(wei)(wei)(wei)汉中守。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，左更(geng)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)韩(han)(han)、魏(wei)(wei)(wei)于伊阙，斩(zhan)首(shou)二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)万，虏公(gong)孙喜，拔(ba)(ba)五(wu)(wu)(wu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，大(da)(da)良造(zao)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)，取(qu)(qu)垣(yuan)(yuan)，复予之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)，取(qu)(qu)宛(wan)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，左更(geng)错(cuo)取(qu)(qu)轵及邓(deng)。冉(ran)(ran)免(mian)(mian)。封(feng)公(gong)子(zi)(zi)市宛(wan)，公(gong)子(zi)(zi)悝(kui)邓(deng)，魏(wei)(wei)(wei)冉(ran)(ran)陶，为(wei)(wei)(wei)诸侯(hou)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)阳(yang)(yang)君(jun)(jun)入(ru)朝(chao)，及东(dong)(dong)周君(jun)(jun)来朝(chao)。秦(qin)(qin)(qin)以(yi)垣(yuan)(yuan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)蒲阪、皮氏(shi)①。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宜阳(yang)(yang)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，错(cuo)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)垣(yuan)(yuan)、河(he)(he)雍②，决(jue)桥取(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)西(xi)帝，齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)东(dong)(dong)帝，皆(jie)复去之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。吕礼来自归(gui)③。齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)破(po)宋，宋王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)在魏(wei)(wei)(wei)，死温(wen)。任(ren)(ren)鄙卒(zu)(zu)。二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)汉中，又之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上郡(jun)、北(bei)河(he)(he)。二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，错(cuo)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)河(he)(he)内。魏(wei)(wei)(wei)献安(an)(an)(an)(an)邑(yi)，秦(qin)(qin)(qin)出(chu)其(qi)人，募徙河(he)(he)东(dong)(dong)赐爵，赦(she)罪(zui)(zui)人迁(qian)(qian)(qian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。泾(jing)阳(yang)(yang)君(jun)(jun)封(feng)宛(wan)。二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，蒙武(wu)(wu)伐(fa)(fa)齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。河(he)(he)东(dong)(dong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)九(jiu)县，与(yu)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)会(hui)宛(wan)。与(yu)赵(zhao)(zhao)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)会(hui)中阳(yang)(yang)。二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，尉斯离(li)与(yu)三(san)(san)(san)晋、燕伐(fa)(fa)齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，破(po)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)济西(xi)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)与(yu)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)会(hui)宜阳(yang)(yang)，与(yu)韩(han)(han)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)会(hui)新(xin)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，与(yu)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)会(hui)鄢(yan)，又会(hui)穰(rang)。秦(qin)(qin)(qin)取(qu)(qu)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)安(an)(an)(an)(an)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，至(zhi)大(da)(da)梁(liang)，燕、赵(zhao)(zhao)救(jiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，秦(qin)(qin)(qin)军去。魏(wei)(wei)(wei)冉(ran)(ran)免(mian)(mian)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，拔(ba)(ba)赵(zhao)(zhao)二(er)(er)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。与(yu)韩(han)(han)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)会(hui)新(xin)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，与(yu)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)会(hui)新(xin)明邑(yi)。二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，赦(she)罪(zui)(zui)人迁(qian)(qian)(qian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)穰(rang)。侯(hou)冉(ran)(ran)复相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，错(cuo)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)。赦(she)罪(zui)(zui)人迁(qian)(qian)(qian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)南(nan)阳(yang)(yang)。白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)赵(zhao)(zhao)，取(qu)(qu)代(dai)光(guang)狼城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。又使司(si)马错(cuo)发(fa)(fa)陇西(xi)，因蜀攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)黔中，拔(ba)(ba)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，大(da)(da)良造(zao)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)，取(qu)(qu)鄢(yan)、邓(deng)，赦(she)罪(zui)(zui)人迁(qian)(qian)(qian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，大(da)(da)良造(zao)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)，取(qu)(qu)郢(ying)为(wei)(wei)(wei)南(nan)郡(jun)④，楚(chu)(chu)(chu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)走。周君(jun)(jun)来。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)与(yu)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)会(hui)襄陵(ling)(ling)。白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)武(wu)(wu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)君(jun)(jun)。三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，蜀守若伐(fa)(fa)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)，取(qu)(qu)巫(wu)郡(jun)，及江(jiang)南(nan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)黔中郡(jun)。三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)伐(fa)(fa)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)，取(qu)(qu)两(liang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。楚(chu)(chu)(chu)人反我江(jiang)南(nan)。三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)穰(rang)侯(hou)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)，至(zhi)大(da)(da)梁(liang)，破(po)暴鸢，斩(zhan)首(shou)四(si)万，鸢走，魏(wei)(wei)(wei)入(ru)三(san)(san)(san)县请和。三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，客卿胡（伤）[阳(yang)(yang)]攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)卷(juan)、蔡阳(yang)(yang)、长社(she)，取(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。击芒(mang)卯华阳(yang)(yang)，破(po)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，斩(zhan)首(shou)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)万。魏(wei)(wei)(wei)入(ru)南(nan)阳(yang)(yang)以(yi)和。三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，秦(qin)(qin)(qin)与(yu)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)、韩(han)(han)上庸地(di)为(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)郡(jun)，南(nan)阳(yang)(yang)免(mian)(mian)臣迁(qian)(qian)(qian)居之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)⑤。三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，佐韩(han)(han)、魏(wei)(wei)(wei)、楚(chu)(chu)(chu)伐(fa)(fa)燕⑥。初置南(nan)阳(yang)(yang)郡(jun)。三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，客卿灶攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，取(qu)(qu)刚(gang)、寿(shou)，予穰(rang)侯(hou)。三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，中更(geng)胡（伤）[阳(yang)(yang)]攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)赵(zhao)(zhao)阏与(yu)，不能取(qu)(qu)。四(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，悼太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)死魏(wei)(wei)(wei)，归(gui)葬(zang)芷(zhi)(zhi)阳(yang)(yang)。四(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)夏，攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)，取(qu)(qu)邢丘、怀。四(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，安(an)(an)(an)(an)国君(jun)(jun)为(wei)(wei)(wei)太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue)，宣太(tai)(tai)后(hou)薨(hong)，葬(zang)芷(zhi)(zhi)阳(yang)(yang)郦山。九(jiu)月(yue)(yue)，穰(rang)侯(hou)出(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)陶。四(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，武(wu)(wu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)君(jun)(jun)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)韩(han)(han)，拔(ba)(ba)九(jiu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，斩(zhan)首(shou)五(wu)(wu)(wu)万。四(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)韩(han)(han)南(nan)（郡(jun)）[阳(yang)(yang)]，取(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。四(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，五(wu)(wu)(wu)大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)贲攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)韩(han)(han)，取(qu)(qu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。叶阳(yang)(yang)君(jun)(jun)悝(kui)出(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)国，未至(zhi)而死。四(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，秦(qin)(qin)(qin)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)韩(han)(han)上党(dang)(dang)，上党(dang)(dang)降(jiang)赵(zhao)(zhao)，秦(qin)(qin)(qin)因攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)赵(zhao)(zhao)，赵(zhao)(zhao)发(fa)(fa)兵(bing)击秦(qin)(qin)(qin)，相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)距。秦(qin)(qin)(qin)使武(wu)(wu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)君(jun)(jun)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)击，大(da)(da)破(po)赵(zhao)(zhao)于长平，四(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)万尽(jin)杀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。四(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue)，韩(han)(han)献垣(yuan)(yuan)雍。秦(qin)(qin)(qin)军分为(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)(san)(san)军。武(wu)(wu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)君(jun)(jun)归(gui)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)龁(he)将伐(fa)(fa)赵(zhao)(zhao)武(wu)(wu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)、皮牢，拔(ba)(ba)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。司(si)马梗北(bei)定太(tai)(tai)原，尽(jin)有韩(han)(han)上党(dang)(dang)。正(zheng)月(yue)(yue)，兵(bing)罢，复守上党(dang)(dang)。其(qi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue)，五(wu)(wu)(wu)大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)陵(ling)(ling)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)赵(zhao)(zhao)邯郸(dan)。四(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)正(zheng)月(yue)(yue)，益发(fa)(fa)卒(zu)(zu)佐陵(ling)(ling)。陵(ling)(ling)战不善，免(mian)(mian)，王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)龁(he)代(dai)将。其(qi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue)，将军张(zhang)唐攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)蔡尉捐弗守⑦，还(hai)斩(zhan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。五(wu)(wu)(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue)，武(wu)(wu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)君(jun)(jun)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有罪(zui)(zui)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)士伍⑧，迁(qian)(qian)(qian)阴密(mi)。张(zhang)唐攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)郑(zheng)⑨，拔(ba)(ba)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)，益发(fa)(fa)卒(zu)(zu)军汾城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)旁。武(wu)(wu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)君(jun)(jun)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有罪(zui)(zui)，死。龁(he)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)邯郸(dan)，不拔(ba)(ba)，去，还(hai)奔汾军。二(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)余(yu)⑩，攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)晋军(11)，斩(zhan)首(shou)六千，晋楚(chu)(chu)(chu)流死河(he)(he)二(er)(er)万人(12)。攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)汾城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，即从唐拔(ba)(ba)宁(ning)新(xin)中，宁(ning)新(xin)中更(geng)名安(an)(an)(an)(an)阳(yang)(yang)。初作河(he)(he)桥(13)。
①为：《索引(yin)》以(yi)为是(shi)“易(yi)”字之误。②攻垣：《正义》：“盖蒲阪(ban)、皮氏又归魏(wei)，魏(wei)复以(yi)为垣，今重(zhong)攻取之也。”③归：投案自首。④取郢(ying)为南郡(jun)：夺取楚(chu)(chu)都郢(ying)，沦为秦的南郡(jun)。⑤“秦与魏(wei)、韩”句：此(ci)句语意(yi)不顺，疑(yi)有(you)脱(tuo)误。免臣，指(zhi)被赦免罪过(guo)的臣民。⑥佐(zuo)韩、魏(wei)、楚(chu)(chu)伐(fa)燕(yan)：梁(liang)玉绳据(ju)《战国策》以(yi)为此(ci)次伐(fa)燕(yan)的是(shi)齐(qi)、韩、魏(wei)三国，燕(yan)使(shi)(shi)太子请救(jiu)(jiu)于楚(chu)(chu)，楚(chu)(chu)王使(shi)(shi)景(jing)阳(yang)救(jiu)(jiu)之。《史记(ji)》记(ji)载有(you)误。（见《会(hui)(hui)注考证》引(yin)）⑦捐：弃，丢(diu)失。⑧为士伍：意(yi)思是(shi)剥夺官爵，降为士兵(bing)。士伍，指(zhi)士兵(bing)。古代(dai)军(jun)队(dui)以(yi)五(wu)人(ren)为伍。⑨郑：梁(liang)玉绳《史记(ji)志疑(yi)》：“疑(yi)是(shi)‘鄚’字之讹，赵地(di)讹。”⑩二月余：指(zhi)其后两(liang)个多月。(11)晋(jin)军(jun)：指(zhi)魏(wei)军(jun)。(12)“晋(jin)、楚(chu)(chu)流死(si)河”句：《会(hui)(hui)注考证》云：古钞本“河”下有(you)“者”字。又引(yin)梁(liang)玉绳云：楚(chu)(chu)即救(jiu)(jiu)赵邯郸之楚(chu)(chu)军(jun)，因秦伐(fa)魏(wei)，楚(chu)(chu)军(jun)转(zhuan)而(er)又去(qu)救(jiu)(jiu)魏(wei)。(13)河桥：即蒲津桥。
五(wu)十一年(nian)，将(jiang)(jiang)军摎(liao)攻韩，取(qu)阳城、负黍(shu)，斩首四万(wan)。攻赵，取(qu)二十余县，首虏九万(wan)①。西周(zhou)君(jun)(jun)背秦，与诸(zhu)侯(hou)约从，将(jiang)(jiang)天下锐兵出伊(yi)阙攻秦，令秦毋得(de)通阳城。于是秦使将(jiang)(jiang)军摎(liao)攻西周(zhou)。西周(zhou)君(jun)(jun)走(zou)来(lai)自归，顿首受罪，尽(jin)献(xian)其(qi)邑(yi)三十六城，口(kou)三万(wan)②。秦王(wang)受献(xian)，归其(qi)君(jun)(jun)于周(zhou)。五(wu)十二年(nian)，周(zhou)民东亡，其(qi)器九鼎(ding)入(ru)秦。周(zhou)初亡。
①首(shou)虏：所获敌人的首(shou)级(ji)。②口：指人口。
五十三年(nian)，天下(xia)来宾①。魏后(hou)(hou)，秦使摎(liao)伐魏，取吴(wu)城。韩(han)王(wang)(wang)入朝，魏委国听令②。五十四年(nian)，王(wang)(wang)郊见上帝于雍③。五十六(liu)年(nian)秋，昭襄王(wang)(wang)卒，子孝文王(wang)(wang)立。尊唐八(ba)子为唐太后(hou)(hou)，而合其(qi)葬于先(xian)王(wang)(wang)。韩(han)王(wang)(wang)衰绖(die)入吊祠④，诸侯(hou)皆(jie)使其(qi)将相来吊祠，视丧事(shi)⑤。
①宾：服从，归顾(gu)。②委：托付。③郊(jiao)(jiao)：在(zai)国都南郊(jiao)(jiao)祭天。④吊祠：吊唁(yan)祭祀。⑤视：料理，治理。
孝文王(wang)(wang)元年，赦罪人，修先王(wang)(wang)功臣①，褒厚亲戚②，弛苑囿③。孝文王(wang)(wang)除丧④，十(shi)月(yue)己亥即位，三日辛丑(chou)卒，子庄(zhuang)襄王(wang)(wang)立(li)。
①修：推举，论列(lie)。②褒厚：厚待，优待。③弛：废，毁。
④除丧：除去丧服(fu)，即(ji)服(fu)丧期(qi)满。
庄襄王(wang)(wang)元年(nian)，大赦罪(zui)人，修先王(wang)(wang)功臣(chen)，施(shi)德厚骨肉而(er)布惠于(yu)(yu)民①。东周君(jun)(jun)与诸侯谋秦(qin)，秦(qin)使相国吕不韦(wei)诛之，尽入(ru)其(qi)(qi)国。秦(qin)不绝(jue)其(qi)(qi)祀(si)，以阳(yang)人地(di)赐周君(jun)(jun)②，奉其(qi)(qi)祭祀(si)。使蒙骜(ao)(ao)伐(fa)韩，韩献成皋、巩。秦(qin)界至大梁，初置三(san)川郡。二(er)年(nian)，使蒙骜(ao)(ao)攻赵，定太(tai)原。三(san)年(nian)，蒙骜(ao)(ao)攻魏高都、汲，拔(ba)之。攻赵榆次、新(xin)城、狼孟，取三(san)十七(qi)城。四月(yue)日食。（四年(nian)）王(wang)(wang)龁攻上党。初置太(tai)原郡。魏将无忌(ji)率五国兵击秦(qin)，秦(qin)却于(yu)(yu)河外。蒙骜(ao)(ao)败，解而(er)去。五月(yue)丙午，庄襄王(wang)(wang)卒，子政立，是为(wei)秦(qin)始皇帝。
①骨肉：指至(zhi)亲。②阳(yang)人：即阳(yang)人聚。地名。
秦(qin)王政立二(er)十六年，初并天(tian)下(xia)为三十六郡，号为始皇帝(di)。始皇帝(di)五十一年而崩①，子(zi)胡亥立，是为二(er)世皇帝(di)。三年，诸侯(hou)并起叛秦(qin)，赵高杀(sha)二(er)世，立子(zi)婴。子(zi)婴立月余，诸侯(hou)诛(zhu)之，遂灭秦(qin)②。其(qi)语在《始皇本纪》中③。
①五(wu)十一年(nian)(nian)(nian)而(er)崩：《会注(zhu)考证》引张(zhang)文虎(hu)曰(yue)：“疑本作(zuo)‘年(nian)(nian)(nian)五(wu)十而(er)崩’，衍‘一’字，又误倒耳。”译文依此。②遂灭(mie)秦：《索隐》：“秦自(zi)襄公至(zhi)(zhi)二(er)世(shi)(shi)，凡六百(bai)一十七岁。”《秦始皇本纪(ji)(ji)》：“襄公至(zhi)(zhi)二(er)世(shi)(shi)，六百(bai)一十岁。”《会注(zhu)考证》引张(zhang)文虎(hu)曰(yue)：“秦襄元年(nian)(nian)(nian)甲子至(zhi)(zhi)二(er)世(shi)(shi)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)甲午，凡五(wu)百(bai)七十一年(nian)(nian)(nian)。《索隐》‘六’当作(zuo)‘五(wu)’，‘一’‘七’二(er)字当互(hu)易(yi)。”③“其语(yu)”句：是说详细情况记载于《秦始皇本纪(ji)(ji)》中。
太史公曰：秦(qin)之先(xian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)嬴姓。其(qi)后分封，以国为(wei)(wei)(wei)姓，有徐(xu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、郯(tan)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、莒氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、终黎氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、运(yun)奄氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、菟裘氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、将梁氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、黄氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、江氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、修鱼氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、白(bai)冥氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、蜚廉氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、秦(qin)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)①。然秦(qin)以其(qi)先(xian)造父(fu)封赵城(cheng)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)赵氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)②。
①终黎氏：《集解》引徐广曰：“《世本》作‘钟离’。”②赵氏：秦为嬴姓，以赵为氏。上古时，姓氏有别，姓为族号，氏为姓的分支。战国以后，人们以氏为姓，姓、氏逐渐合一。
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