《尔(er)雅注(zhu)疏》卷十(shi)·释兽第十(shi)八
【疏】“释兽第十八”。○释曰:《释鸟》云:“四足而毛谓之兽。”《说文》云:“兽,守备也。”此篇释其名状,故曰释兽。
麋:牡(mu),{鹿咎};牝(pin),{鹿辰(chen)};其(qi)子,<鹿天(tian)>;(《国语》曰(yue):“兽长は<鹿天(tian)>。”)其(qi)迹,躔。(脚所践处。)绝有(you)力,狄(di)。(○{鹿咎},音咎。{鹿辰(chen)},音辰(chen)。<鹿天(tian)>,於(wu)兆切。)
【疏】“麋牡(mu)”至“力狄(di)”。○释曰(yue):此释麋之(zhi)(zhi)种类也(ye)(ye)。《说文》云(yun)(yun):“鹿(lu)属也(ye)(ye)。冬至解其(qi)(qi)角。”《春秋·庄十七年》:“冬,多麋。”麋,总名(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)牡(mu)者名(ming)(ming){鹿(lu)咎},其(qi)(qi)牝者名(ming)(ming){鹿(lu)辰}。《诗·吉日(ri)》云(yun)(yun)“其(qi)(qi){鹿(lu)辰}孔有”是(shi)也(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)所生之(zhi)(zhi)子名(ming)(ming)<鹿(lu)天(tian)>。其(qi)(qi)脚迹所践之(zhi)(zhi)处名(ming)(ming)躔,其(qi)(qi)绝异壮大有力者名(ming)(ming)狄(di)也(ye)(ye)。○注“《国语》曰(yue):‘兽长麋<鹿(lu)天(tian)>。’”○释曰(yue):此《鲁语》文也(ye)(ye)。鲁“宣公夏滥于泗渊,里革断其(qi)(qi)罟而(er)弃之(zhi)(zhi),曰(yue):‘且夫山(shan)不(bu)槎蘖(nie),泽不(bu)伐夭,鱼禁鲲而(er),兽长は<鹿(lu)天(tian)>,鸟翼っ卵,虫舍(she)氐彖,蕃庶物也(ye)(ye),古之(zhi)(zhi)训也(ye)(ye)。今鱼方别孕,不(bu)教鱼长,又行网罟,贪无艺也(ye)(ye)。’”韦昭云(yun)(yun):“鹿(lu)子曰(yue)は,麋子曰(yue)<鹿(lu)天(tian)>。”是(shi)其(qi)(qi)事(shi)也(ye)(ye)。
鹿:牡(mu),ば;牝,;其子,は;其迹,速;绝有力(li),{鹿开}。(。○ば,音加。,於(wu)牛切。は,音迷。{鹿开},音坚。)
【疏】“鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)牡(mu)”至“力{鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)开(kai)}”。○释曰(yue):此辨鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)之种(zhong)类也。《说文》云:鹿(lu)(lu)(lu),解角(jiao)兽(shou)也。群萃善走者也。其(qi)(qi)牡(mu)名(ming)ば,其(qi)(qi)牝名(ming)。《诗·小雅》云:“鹿(lu)(lu)(lu){鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)吴}{鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)吴}。”其(qi)(qi)迹名(ming)速,绝有力者名(ming){鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)开(kai)}。
:牡(mu),{鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)吴};(《诗》曰:“鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu){鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)吴}{鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)吴}。”郑康成解即(ji)谓此也。但重言耳(er)。○,音君。{鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)吴},鱼矩切(qie)。)牝,{鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)栗(li)};其(qi)子,{鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)且};其(qi)迹(ji)解,绝有(you)力<豕开>。(○{鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)栗(li)},音栗(li)。{鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)且},音助。<豕开>,五(wu)见切(qie)。)
【疏】“牡{鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)吴}”至“力<豕开>”。○释(shi)曰(yue):此辨之种类也。《说文》云:“,{鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)章}也。”,其总名(ming)(ming)也。牡名(ming)(ming){鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)吴},牝名(ming)(ming){鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)栗(li)},其子名(ming)(ming){鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)且},其迹名(ming)(ming)解,绝有力名(ming)(ming)<豕开>。○注(zhu)“《诗》曰(yue)”至“言(yan)耳”。○释(shi)曰(yue):《诗·小雅·吉日》篇文。郑笺云:“,牡曰(yue){鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)吴}。{鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)吴}复{鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)吴},言(yan)多也。”是郑康成解即谓(wei)此也。云“但(dan)重言(yan)耳”者,谓(wei)再言(yan){鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)吴}也。
狼:牡,獾;牝(pin),狼;其子,犭(quan)敫;绝有力,迅。(○犭(quan)敫,音(yin)亦(yi)。)
【疏】“狼牡(mu)”至“力迅(xun)”。○释(shi)曰(yue):此辨狼之种类也。舍人(ren)曰(yue):“狼,牡(mu)名獾,牝(pin)名狼,其(qi)子名犭敫,绝有力者(zhe)名迅(xun)。”孙炎曰(yue):“迅(xun),疾(ji)也。”《诗·齐风(feng)》云(yun):“并驱从两(liang)狼兮。”陆机《疏》云(yun):“其(qi)鸣能小能大,善为小儿啼(ti)声,以诱人(ren)。去数(shu)十(shi)步,其(qi)猛健者(zhe),虽善用兵者(zhe)不能免也。其(qi)膏(gao)(gao)可煎和,其(qi)皮可为裘,故(gu)《礼记》‘狼蜀膏(gao)(gao)’,又曰(yue)‘君之右虎裘,厥左狼裘’是也。”
兔(tu)子,<娩(mian)生>;(俗呼曰<兔(tu)需>。)其迹,;绝有力,欣。(○<娩(mian)生>,芳(fang)万切(qie)。,音刚。)
【疏】“兔子(zi)(zi)(zi),<娩(mian)生>”至“力欣”。○释曰(yue):此辨(bian)兔之种(zhong)类也。崔豹(bao)《古今注》云:“兔有九孔(kong)。”《论衡》曰(yue):“兔舐豪而(er)孕,及其(qi)生子(zi)(zi)(zi),从口而(er)出,其(qi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)名<娩(mian)生>。”郭云:“俗呼曰(yue)<兔需>。”其(qi)迹名。《字林》云:“,兔道也。”绝有力名欣。
豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)子,猪。(今亦(yi)曰(yue)彘,江东呼,皆通名。)<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隋>,<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)贲(bi)>。(俗(su)呼小(xiao)<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)贲(bi)>猪为(wei)<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隋>子。○<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隋>,音(yin)(yin)伟。<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)贲(bi)>,音(yin)(yin)坟)。幺(yao),幼。(最(zui)後生者(zhe),俗(su)呼为(wei)幺(yao)豚。○幺(yao),音(yin)(yin)腰。)奏(zou)者(zhe)<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)р>。(今<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)р>猪,短头,皮理腠(cou)蹙。○奏(zou),音(yin)(yin)腠(cou)。<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)р>,音(yin)(yin)温。)豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生三<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)从(cong)>;二,师;一(yi),特。(猪生子常(chang)多,故别其(qi)少者(zhe)之名。○<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)从(cong)>,音(yin)(yin)宗。)所(suo)寝(qin),曾。(曾,其(qi)所(suo)卧蓐。○曾,音(yin)(yin)缯。)四(si)<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)>皆白(bai),<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亥>。(《诗(shi)》云:“有豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)白(bai)。”,蹄也。○<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)>,音(yin)(yin)滴。<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亥>,音(yin)(yin)垓。)其(qi)迹,刻(ke)。绝有力,<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)厄(e)>。(即(ji)豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)高五尺者(zhe)。○<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)厄(e)>,音(yin)(yin)厄(e)。)牝,。(《诗(shi)》云:“一(yi)发五。”○,音(yin)(yin)巴(ba)。)
【疏】“豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)子(zi)”至(zhi)“牝”。○释曰(yue)(yue):此(ci)辨豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)种类(lei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)子(zi)名(ming)猪(zhu)。郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“今(jin)亦(yi)曰(yue)(yue)彘(zhi),江(jiang)东呼(hu),皆(jie)通名(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”《说(shuo)文》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“猪(zhu),豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)三毛居(ju)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。”《字(zi)林》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),後(hou)蹄(ti)废谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)彘(zhi)。”《小(xiao)(xiao)尔雅(ya)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“彘(zhi),猪(zhu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)子(zi)曰(yue)(yue)豚,大(da)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)开>。”《方言(yan)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“北燕朝(chao)鲜(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间(jian)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),关东西(xi)或(huo)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)彘(zhi),或(huo)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。南楚谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)子(zi)或(huo)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)豚,或(huo)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)奚>,音奚。吴(wu)扬之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间(jian)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)猪(zhu)子(zi)。”云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隋(sui)>,<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)贲>”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),舍人曰(yue)(yue):“<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隋(sui)>,一(yi)(yi)名(ming)<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)贲>。”郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“俗呼(hu)小(xiao)(xiao)<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)贲>猪(zhu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隋(sui)>子(zi)。”<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)贲>谓(wei)(wei)犍猪(zhu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“幺,幼”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)最(zui)後(hou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)名(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“最(zui)後(hou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),俗呼(hu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)幺豚。”云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“奏者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)р>”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)(wei)皮理(li)腠蹙(cu)(cu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)名(ming)<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)р>。郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“今(jin)<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)р>猪(zhu),短头,皮理(li)腠蹙(cu)(cu)。”云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)三,<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)从(cong)(cong)>;二,师;一(yi)(yi),特”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“猪(zhu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)子(zi)常(chang)多,故(gu)别(bie)其(qi)(qi)(qi)少者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)。”《诗·召(zhao)(zhao)南》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“一(yi)(yi)发五(wu)(wu)<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)从(cong)(cong)>。”郑笺云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)三曰(yue)(yue)<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)从(cong)(cong)>。”张逸问曰(yue)(yue):“豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)三曰(yue)(yue)<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)从(cong)(cong)>,不(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)母豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)?豚也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)?”答曰(yue)(yue):“豚也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),过三以(yi)(yi)(yi)往犹(you)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)从(cong)(cong)>,以(yi)(yi)(yi)自(zi)三以(yi)(yi)(yi)上更无名(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”故(gu)知(zhi)(zhi)过三亦(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)从(cong)(cong)>。其(qi)(qi)(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)子(zi)二者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)师,一(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)特。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“所寝(qin),曾”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“曾,其(qi)(qi)(qi)所卧蓐。”《方言(yan)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“其(qi)(qi)(qi)槛(jian)及蓐曰(yue)(yue)曾”是也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。舍人曰(yue)(yue):“豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)所寝(qin)草名(ming)为(wei)(wei)(wei)曾。”某氏曰(yue)(yue):“临(lin)淮(huai)人谓(wei)(wei)野猪(zhu)所寝(qin)为(wei)(wei)(wei)曾。”李巡(xun)曰(yue)(yue):“猪(zhu)卧处名(ming)曾。”曾是所居(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)处。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“四<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)>皆(jie)白(bai),<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亥>”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)>,蹄(ti)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四蹄(ti)皆(jie)白(bai)名(ming)<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亥>。其(qi)(qi)(qi)迹(ji)名(ming)刻。绝(jue)有(you)(you)力名(ming)<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)厄>,即下篇(pian)“豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)高五(wu)(wu)尺(chi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“牝,”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)牝者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)名(ming)。○注(zhu)“《诗》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):‘有(you)(you)豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)白(bai)。’○释曰(yue)(yue):《小(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)·渐渐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)石》篇(pian)文也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。案《诗经》直云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“白(bai)”,不(bu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亥>”,则白(bai)不(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)几蹄(ti)白(bai)。而(er)(er)(er)郭(guo)氏引之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)《尔雅(ya)》主(zhu)谓(wei)(wei)释《诗》,《诗》中(zhong)言(yan)“豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)白(bai)”惟此(ci)而(er)(er)(er)巳,故(gu)知(zhi)(zhi)本以(yi)(yi)(yi)训(xun)此(ci)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郑笺以(yi)(yi)(yi)“<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亥>”为(wei)(wei)(wei)“骇(hai)(hai)”,骇(hai)(hai)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),躁疾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。骇(hai)(hai)与<豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亥>字(zi)异(yi)义(yi)同。○注(zhu)“《诗》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):‘一(yi)(yi)发五(wu)(wu)。’”○释曰(yue)(yue):《召(zhao)(zhao)南·驺虞(yu)(yu)》篇(pian)文也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。毛传云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“豕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)牝曰(yue)(yue)。虞(yu)(yu)人翼五(wu)(wu),以(yi)(yi)(yi)待公之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)发。”郑笺云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“君射一(yi)(yi)发而(er)(er)(er)翼五(wu)(wu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),战禽兽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)命(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。战之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),仁心之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至(zhi)。”是也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
虎窃毛谓(wei)之<戋虎>猫(mao)。(窃,浅(qian)也。《诗(shi)》曰(yue):“有(you)(you)猫(mao)有(you)(you)虎。”)
【疏】“虎(hu)(hu)(hu)窃毛谓之(zhi)<戋虎(hu)(hu)(hu)>猫(mao)”。○释(shi)曰(yue):窃,浅(qian)也(ye)。虎(hu)(hu)(hu)之(zhi)浅(qian)毛者,别名<戋虎(hu)(hu)(hu)>猫(mao)。○注(zhu)“《诗(shi)》曰(yue):‘有猫(mao)有虎(hu)(hu)(hu)。’”○释(shi)曰(yue):《诗(shi)·大雅·韩(han)弈》篇(pian)文(wen)也(ye)。
貘(mo)(mo),白(bai)豹(bao)(bao)。(似熊,小头庳脚,黑白(bai)驳(bo),能(neng)舐食铜铁及竹骨(gu)。骨(gu)节强直。中实少(shao)髓,皮辟湿,或曰豹(bao)(bao)白(bai)色者别名(ming)貘(mo)(mo)。○貘(mo)(mo),音(yin)陌。)
【疏】“貘,白(bai)(bai)豹(bao)(bao)”。○释(shi)曰(yue)(yue):貘,一名白(bai)(bai)豹(bao)(bao)。《字(zi)林》云(yun):“似熊而白(bai)(bai)黄,出蜀(shu)郡(jun)。”一曰(yue)(yue)白(bai)(bai)豹(bao)(bao)。郭云(yun):“熊,小头庳脚(jiao),黑白(bai)(bai),能舐(shi)食(shi)铜铁(tie)及竹(zhu)骨。骨节(jie)强直。中实少髓,皮辟湿,或曰(yue)(yue)豹(bao)(bao)白(bai)(bai)色者别名貘。”
,白虎。(汉宣帝(di)时,南郡获(huo)白虎,兽其皮、骨、爪(zhua)牙。○,音(yin)舍。)
【疏】“,白(bai)虎(hu)”。○释曰:白(bai)虎(hu)一名。汉宣(xuan)帝时(shi),南郡获白(bai)虎(hu),献其皮、骨、爪牙。
<虎(hu)(hu)(hu)>,黑虎(hu)(hu)(hu)。(晋永嘉四年,建平秭(zi)归(gui)县(xian)槛(jian)得之。状如(ru)小虎(hu)(hu)(hu)而黑,毛深者为班。《山海(hai)经》云:幽都(dou)山多(duo)玄虎(hu)(hu)(hu)、玄豹。○<虎(hu)(hu)(hu)>,式六切。)
【疏】“<虎(hu)(hu)>,黑(hei)(hei)虎(hu)(hu)”。○释曰:黑(hei)(hei)虎(hu)(hu),一名(ming)<虎(hu)(hu)>。郭(guo)云“晋永(yong)嘉四年,建(jian)平秭归县槛得之。状如小虎(hu)(hu)而黑(hei)(hei),毛深者(zhe)为班。《山海经》云:幽都(dou)山多玄(xuan)(xuan)虎(hu)(hu)、玄(xuan)(xuan)豹(bao)(bao)”者(zhe),案《海内经》云:“北海之内,有山,名(ming)曰幽都(dou)之山,黑(hei)(hei)水出焉。其上有玄(xuan)(xuan)鸟、玄(xuan)(xuan)蛇(she)、玄(xuan)(xuan)豹(bao)(bao)、玄(xuan)(xuan)虎(hu)(hu)。”是也。
<豸出(chu)>,无前足(zu)(zu)。(晋(jin)太康七年,召(zhao)陵扶(fu)夷县(xian)槛得一兽,似(si)狗,豹(bao)文(wen),有角(jiao),两足(zu)(zu),即此(ci)种类也(ye)。或(huo)说<豸出(chu)>似(si)虎而黑,无前两足(zu)(zu)。○<豸出(chu)>,女滑切。)
【疏】“<豸出(chu)>,无(wu)前(qian)足”。○释曰:《字林》云(yun):“兽(shou)无(wu)前(qian)足,似(si)虎而(er)(er)黑者名<豸出(chu)>。”郭(guo)云(yun):“晋大康七年,召陵扶(fu)夷县槛得一兽(shou),似(si)狗(gou),豹(bao)文,有(you)角,两脚(jiao),即此种类也。或说<豸出(chu)>似(si)虎而(er)(er)黑,无(wu)前(qian)两足。”
<鼠(shu)(shu)>,鼠(shu)(shu)身(shen)长(zhang)须而(er)贼,秦人谓之小驴。(<鼠(shu)(shu)>,似鼠(shu)(shu)而(er)马(ma)蹄,一(yi)岁(sui)千(qian)斤(jin),为物(wu)残贼。○<鼠(shu)(shu)>,古役切。)
【疏】“<鼠(shu)>,鼠(shu)身”至“小(xiao)驴”。○释(shi)曰:<鼠(shu)>,兽名(ming)也(ye)。身如(ru)鼠(shu),有长须(xu),而(er)(er)贼(zei)害於(wu)物,秦人呼为(wei)小(xiao)驴。郭云:“<鼠(shu)>,似鼠(shu)而(er)(er)马(ma)蹄,一(yi)岁千斤,为(wei)物残贼(zei)。”
熊虎丑(chou),其子,狗;绝有力,{鹿咸(xian)}。(律曰:捕虎一,购钱三(san)千,其狗半之。○{鹿咸(xian)},音(yin)岩。)
【疏】“熊虎丑”至“力{鹿(lu)咸}”。○释曰:丑,类也(ye)(ye)。熊虎之类,其(qi)子名(ming)狗(gou)(gou)。绝(jue)有力名(ming){鹿(lu)咸}。郭云:“律曰:捕虎一,购钱三(san)千,其(qi)狗(gou)(gou)半之。”此当时之律也(ye)(ye)。引之以(yi)证虎子名(ming)狗(gou)(gou)之义也(ye)(ye)。
子(zi),<豸(zhi)(zhi)隶(li)>。(今或(huo)呼<豸(zhi)(zhi)丕(pi)>。○<豸(zhi)(zhi)隶(li)>,音曳。)
【疏】“狸(li)子(zi),<豸隶>”。○释曰:《字林(lin)》云(yun):“,伏兽,似(si)ァ,其子(zi)名<豸隶>。”郭云(yun)“今或呼<豸丕>”者,《字林(lin)》云(yun):“<豸丕>也。”
<豸舟(zhou)>子,。(其雌者名<豸舟(zhou)>。今江东(dong)呼(hu)貉为<豸央><豸吏>。○<豸舟(zhou)>,乎各切。,音丸。)
【疏】“<豸(zhi)(zhi)舟>子,”。○释曰:《字(zi)林(lin)》云(yun):“<豸(zhi)(zhi)舟>似(si)狐,善(shan)睡,其(qi)子名。”郭云(yun):“其(qi)雌者名<豸(zhi)(zhi)舟>。今(jin)江东呼貉为<豸(zhi)(zhi)央><豸(zhi)(zhi)吏>。”《字(zi)林(lin)》云(yun):“<豸(zhi)(zhi)央>,类。<豸(zhi)(zhi)穴>,谓(wei)之<豸(zhi)(zhi)吏>。”《广雅》云(yun):“<豸(zhi)(zhi)吏>,<豸(zhi)(zhi)穴>也。”然则皆<豸(zhi)(zhi)舟>之通名也。
<豸(zhi)>子,<豸(zhi)娄(lou)>。(<豸(zhi)>豚也,一名獾。○<豸(zhi)>,音湍(tuan)。<豸(zhi)娄(lou)>,其(qi)禹切。)
【疏】“<豸(zhi)>子,<豸(zhi)娄(lou)>”。○释(shi)曰(yue):《字林(lin)》云(yun):“<豸(zhi)>兽似豕而肥。”其(qi)子名(ming)<豸(zhi)娄(lou)>。郭云(yun):“<豸(zhi)>豚也,一名(ming)獾(huan)。”
貔,白狐。其子,【A173】。(一名执夷,虎豹之属。○貔,音毗。【A173】,火卜切。)
【疏】“貔,白狐。其子,【A173】”。○释曰:《字林》云:“貔,豹属,一名白狐。其子名【A173】。”郭云(yun):“一名执夷,虎(hu)豹之属。”《诗·大(da)雅》云(yun):“献其貔(pi)皮。”陆机《疏》云(yun):“貔(pi)似虎(hu),或曰似熊。一名执夷,一名白狐。辽东人谓之白罴。”
麝父,足。(脚似有香。○父,音甫(fu)。)
【疏】“麝父,足(zu)”。○释曰:《字林》云(yun):“小鹿(lu)有香,其足(zu)似(si)獐(zhang),故云(yun)足(zu)。”郭云(yun):“脚(jiao)似(si)有香。”
豺,狗(gou)(gou)足。(脚似狗(gou)(gou)。)
【疏】“豺,狗足”。○释(shi)曰:《说文》云(yun):“豺,狼(lang)属,狗声。”郭云(yun):“脚似狗。”贪残之兽。《左传》云(yun):“戎狄豺狼(lang),不可厌也。”
ァ犭曼,似。(今山民呼(hu)ァ虎(hu)之大者(zhe)为ァ<豸干(gan)>。音岸。○ァ,音枢(shu)。犭曼,音万。)
【疏】“ァ犭曼(man)(man),似”。○释(shi)曰(yue):《字(zi)林(lin)》云(yun):“ァ似而大,一名犭曼(man)(man)。”郭云(yun):“今山(shan)民(min)呼ァ虎之(zhi)大者ァ<豸干>。”《字(zi)林(lin)》云(yun):“<豸干>,胡地野(ye)狗,似狐,黑(hei)喙,皆(jie)ァ之(zhi)类。”故(gu)又呼ァ<豸干>。
罴(pi)(pi),如熊,黄白文。(似熊而长(zhang)头高(gao)脚,猛(meng)憨多力,能拔(ba)树(shu)木,关西(xi)呼曰<豸>罴(pi)(pi)。)
【疏】“罴(pi),如熊(xiong)(xiong),黄(huang)(huang)白(bai)(bai)文”。○释曰(yue):舍人曰(yue):“罴(pi)如熊(xiong)(xiong),色黄(huang)(huang)白(bai)(bai)也。”郭(guo)云(yun)(yun):“似熊(xiong)(xiong)而长头高脚,猛憨多力,能拔树木,关西呼曰(yue)<豸>罴(pi)。”《诗(shi)·大雅·韩奕》云(yun)(yun):“赤(chi)豹黄(huang)(huang)罴(pi)。”陆机《疏》云(yun)(yun):“罴(pi)有(you)黄(huang)(huang)罴(pi),有(you)赤(chi)罴(pi),大於熊(xiong)(xiong)。其(qi)脂(zhi)如熊(xiong)(xiong),白(bai)(bai)而粗理,不(bu)如熊(xiong)(xiong)白(bai)(bai)美也。”
{鹿},大(da)羊。({鹿}羊似羊而大(da),角(jiao)圆锐,好在山(shan)崖间。○{鹿},音零。)
【疏】“{鹿},大(da)羊(yang)”。○释曰:羊(yang)之(zhi)大(da)者(zhe)名{鹿}。郭云(yun):“{鹿}羊(yang)似羊(yang)而大(da),角圆锐,好在山崖间。”陶注《本草(cao)》云(yun):今(jin)出建平、宜都诸蛮中及西域。多(duo)两角,有一角者(zhe)为胜。角甚多(duo)节,蹙(cu)蹙(cu)圆绕。别有山羊(yang)极(ji)长,唯一边(bian)有节,节亦疏大(da),而不(bu)入用。羌夷云(yun),只(zhi)此名{鹿}羊(yang)。
{鹿(lu)},大キ,牛尾,一(yi)角。(汉武帝郊雍,得一(yi)角兽,若キ然,谓之麟者(zhe),此是(shi)也。キ即獐(zhang)。○{鹿(lu)},音(yin)京。キ,音(yin)炮。)
【疏】“{鹿}大(da)”至“一(yi)角”。○释曰(yue):キ,獐(zhang)也(ye)(ye)。大(da)獐(zhang)牛尾、一(yi)角者名(ming){鹿}。即(ji)所(suo)谓麟也(ye)(ye)。郭云“汉武帝郊(jiao)雍,得一(yi)角兽,若キ然(ran)谓之麟者,此是也(ye)(ye)”者,《汉书·郊(jiao)祀(si)志》文也(ye)(ye)。キ,即(ji)獐(zhang)也(ye)(ye)。
{鹿(lu)旨},大,旄(mao)毛,狗(gou)足(zu)。(旄(mao)毛,犭(quan)农长(zhang)。○{鹿(lu)旨},音几。旄(mao),音帽。)
【疏】“{鹿旨(zhi)}大”至“狗足(zu)”。○释曰:亦(yi)獐也。旄毛,犭农长毛也。大獐毛长、狗足(zu)者,名{鹿旨(zhi)}。《山(shan)海(hai)经》云:女(nv)几山(shan),其(qi)兽多{鹿京}{鹿旨(zhi)}。
如(ru)小(xiao)熊,窃毛(mao)而(er)黄(huang)。(今建平山中有此兽(shou),状如(ru)熊而(er)小(xiao),毛(mao){鹿且}浅赤黄(huang)色,俗(su)呼为赤熊,即(ji)也。○,音(yin)颓。)
【疏】“如”至“而黄”。○释曰:窃,浅也。兽如小熊,浅毛而黄者名。郭云:“今建平山中有此兽,状如熊而小,毛{鹿且}浅赤黄色,俗呼为赤熊,即也。”
<豸(zhi)(zhi)契(qi)><豸(zhi)(zhi)俞(yu)>,类ァ,虎爪,食(shi)人,迅走。(迅,疾。○<豸(zhi)(zhi)契(qi)>,乌(wu)八切(qie)。<豸(zhi)(zhi)俞(yu)>,羊(yang)玉切(qie)。)
【疏】“<豸契><豸俞>”至“迅走”。○释曰(yue):迅,疾也。<豸契><豸俞>之兽(shou),其状(zhuang)类ァ而虎爪,食(shi)人(ren),疾走。《山海经》云:少(shao)咸山有兽(shou),“状(zhuang)如(ru)牛,而赤(chi)身、人(ren)面(mian)、马足(zu),名(ming)曰(yue){穴(xue)契}窳,其音(yin)如(ru)婴(ying)儿(er),食(shi)人(ren)。”其名(ming)与此(ci)(ci)同,其状(zhuang)与此(ci)(ci)错。
狻,如<戋(jian)虎(hu)>猫(mao),食虎(hu)豹。(即师子也(ye),出(chu)西域(yu)。汉顺帝时疏勒王(wang)来献{封牛}牛及(ji)师子。《穆天子传》曰(yue):“狻猊日(ri)走五百里。”)
【疏】“狻(suan)”至(zhi)“虎豹(bao)”。○释曰(yue)(yue)(yue):即师子(zi)也,出(chu)西域(yu)。其(qi)状如<戋虎>猫(mao),食(shi)虎豹(bao),善走者也。○注(zhu)(zhu)“汉顺(shun)帝(di)(di)”至(zhi)“百(bai)里(li)(li)”。○释曰(yue)(yue)(yue):云(yun)(yun)(yun)“汉顺(shun)帝(di)(di)时疏(shu)勒王来献{封(feng)牛(niu)(niu)(niu)}牛(niu)(niu)(niu)及师子(zi)”者,案《後汉·帝(di)(di)纪》云(yun)(yun)(yun):“孝顺(shun)帝(di)(di)讳保(bao),安帝(di)(di)之(zhi)子(zi)也。”阳嘉三年,“疏(shu)勒国献师子(zi)、{封(feng)牛(niu)(niu)(niu)}牛(niu)(niu)(niu)”。注(zhu)(zhu)引《东观(guan)记》曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“疏(shu)勒王盘遣使文时诣(yi)阙(que)献师子(zi),似虎,正黄,有(you)髯而彡,尾端茸毛(mao),大如斗。封(feng)牛(niu)(niu)(niu),其(qi)领上肉隆起,若封(feng)然,因以名之(zhi),即今之(zhi)峰牛(niu)(niu)(niu)。”是(shi)也。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“《穆(mu)天子(zi)传》曰(yue)(yue)(yue):‘狻(suan)猊(ni)(ni)日(ri)走五(wu)(wu)百(bai)里(li)(li)’”,案《穆(mu)天子(zi)传》云(yun)(yun)(yun)柏(bo)天曰(yue)(yue)(yue)“名兽使足,狻(suan)猊(ni)(ni)、野(ye)马走五(wu)(wu)百(bai)里(li)(li)”是(shi)也。
,如马(ma),一角;不(bu)角者(zhe)(zhe),骐(qi)。(元康八年,九真郡(jun)猎得一兽,大(da)如马(ma),一角,角如鹿(lu)茸(rong),此即也。今深山(shan)中人时或见之(zhi),亦(yi)有(you)无角者(zhe)(zhe)。○,胡圭切。)
【疏】“如”至(zhi)“者(zhe)(zhe)骐”。○释曰:,兽(shou)名(ming)也(ye)。状(zhuang)如马,一(yi)(yi)角。不(bu)角者(zhe)(zhe),名(ming)骐。郭云:“元康八年,九真郡猎得一(yi)(yi)兽(shou),大如马,一(yi)(yi)角,角如鹿茸,此(ci)即也(ye)。今深山中人时(shi)或见之,亦有(you)无(wu)角者(zhe)(zhe)。”
原,如羊(yang)。(原羊(yang),似吴羊(yang)而大角,角椭(tuo),出西方(fang)。○原,音(yin)元(yuan)。)
【疏】“原(yuan),如(ru)羊”。○释曰:《字林(lin)》云:“野羊大(da)(da)角(jiao)者(zhe)也。”郭云:“原(yuan)羊,似吴羊而(er)大(da)(da)角(jiao),角(jiao)椭,出西(xi)方(fang)。”椭,谓(wei)狭而(er)长也。
{鹿(lu)(lu)吝},身,牛尾,一角(jiao)。(角(jiao)头有肉(rou)。《公羊传》曰:“有而(er)角(jiao)。”○{鹿(lu)(lu)吝},音邻。)
【疏】“{鹿吝(lin)},身,牛尾,一角(jiao)(jiao)”。○释曰:李巡(xun)曰:“{鹿吝(lin)},瑞应兽名。”孙炎(yan)曰:“灵兽也(ye)(ye)。”京房《易传》曰:“{鹿吝(lin)},身,牛尾,狼额,马(ma)蹄(ti),有(you)五(wu)彩,腹(fu)下黄(huang),高丈二。”《诗·周南》云(yun):“麟(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)之趾(zhi)。”毛传云(yun):“麟(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)信而(er)应礼,以足至者(zhe)也(ye)(ye)。”郑笺云(yun):“麟(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)角(jiao)(jiao)之末有(you)肉,示有(you)武而(er)不(bu)用。”陆机《疏(shu)》云(yun):“麟(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin),身,牛尾,马(ma)足,黄(huang)色,圆蹄(ti),一角(jiao)(jiao),角(jiao)(jiao)端(duan)有(you)肉。音(yin)中锺吕,行(xing)中规矩(ju)。游必择地,详而(er)後处。不(bu)履(lv)生虫,不(bu)践生草,不(bu)群(qun)居,不(bu)侣(lv)行(xing)。不(bu)入陷阱,不(bu)罹罗网。王者(zhe)至仁则出。”今并州界有(you)麟(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin),大小如鹿,非瑞应麟(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)也(ye)(ye)。故司马(ma)相如赋曰“射麋脚麟(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)”。谓此麟(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)也(ye)(ye)。○注(zhu)“《公羊传》曰:‘有(you)而(er)角(jiao)(jiao)。’”○释曰:案《春秋》哀(ai)十四(si)年春“西狩获麟(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)”。《公羊传》云(yun):“有(you)以告者(zhe),曰‘有(you)而(er)角(jiao)(jiao)者(zhe)’。孔(kong)子曰:‘孰(shu)为来(lai)哉(zai)(zai),孰(shu)为来(lai)哉(zai)(zai)!’”是其事也(ye)(ye)。
犹,如麂,善(shan)登木。(健上树。○麂,音几(ji)。)
【疏】“犹如麂(ji)(ji),善登木”。○释曰:《说文》云:“犹,<豸(zhi)矍>属”也。其状如麂(ji)(ji),为兽健(jian)捷,善能上树。
<豸聿(yu)>,毫。(毫毛长。○<豸聿(yu)>,音四。)
【疏】“<豸(zhi)聿(yu)>,毫”。○释曰(yue):,长(zhang)也。《广(guang)雅(ya)》云:“乾毛(mao)谓(wei)之毫。”言<豸(zhi)聿(yu)>兽体(ti)多长(zhang)毛(mao)。
ァ,似。(今ァ虎也。大如狗,文如。)
【疏】“ァ,似”。○释曰:ァ兽,其(qi)文(wen)似。郭(guo)云:“今ァ虎(hu)也。大如狗,文(wen)如。”
兕(si),似(si)牛。(一角,青色,重(zhong)千斤(jin)。)
【疏】“兕,似牛”。○释曰:郭云:“一角,青(qing)色,重(zhong)千斤。”《说文》云:“兕,如野牛,青(qing)毛(mao),其皮(pi)坚厚,可制铠。”《交州记(ji)》曰:“兕出九德,有一角,角长三尺馀,形如马鞭柄(bing)。”是也。
犀,似豕。(形似水牛,猪头(tou),大腹,Φ脚(jiao)。脚(jiao)有(you)三(san)蹄,黑色(se)。三(san)角,一(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)顶上,一(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)额(e)上,一(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)鼻(bi)(bi)上。鼻(bi)(bi)上者,即食角也。小而不椭(tuo),好食棘。亦有(you)一(yi)角者。○椭(tuo),音(yin)堕。)
【疏】“犀(xi),似豕”。○释(shi)曰(yue):郭云:“形似水牛,猪头(tou),大(da)腹,庳脚(jiao)。脚(jiao)有(you)(you)三蹄(ti),黑色。三角(jiao),一(yi)(yi)在顶上(shang),一(yi)(yi)在额上(shang),一(yi)(yi)在鼻上(shang)。鼻上(shang)者,即(ji)食角(jiao)也。小而(er)不椭(tuo)(音(yin)堕(duo)),好(hao)食棘。亦有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)角(jiao)者。”刘欣(xin)期(qi)《交州(zhou)记》曰(yue):“犀(xi)出九德(de),毛(mao)如豕,蹄(ti)有(you)(you)甲,头(tou)似马。”《吴录·地理志(zhi)》云:“武陵阮南县以南皆(jie)有(you)(you)犀(xi)。”
汇,毛(mao)刺。(今猬状似鼠。○汇,音(yin)谓。刺,音(yin)次。)
【疏】汇即猬也(ye),其(qi)毛(mao)如针(zhen)。郭云:“今猬状(zhuang)如鼠。”
狒(fei)狒(fei),如人,被(bei)发,迅走,食人。(枭羊也。《山(shan)海(hai)经(jing)》曰(yue):“其状如人,面长唇黑(hei),身有毛,反踵(zhong),见(jian)人则笑。交广及南(nan)康郡山(shan)中亦有此(ci)物(wu),大者长丈许。俗呼(hu)之(zhi)曰(yue)山(shan)都。”○狒(fei),音费。被(bei),之(zhi)备(bei)。)
【疏】“狒狒”至“食人”。○释曰(yue):狒狒,兽名,状如人,被发,疾走,食人。《山海(hai)(hai)经(jing)》谓(wei)之(zhi)枭羊。又(you)谓(wei)之(zhi)赣(音感)臣人。《周(zhou)书·王(wang)会》云(yun)(yun):“北方谓(wei)之(zhi)吐喽。”郭(guo)云(yun)(yun):“枭羊也(ye)。《山海(hai)(hai)经(jing)》曰(yue):‘其(qi)(qi)(qi)状如人,面(mian)长唇黑,身(shen)有(you)毛,反(fan)踵,见(jian)人则笑(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)。交广及南(nan)康(kang)郡山中亦(yi)(yi)有(you)此(ci)物,大者长丈许(xu)。俗呼之(zhi)曰(yue)山都。’”云(yun)(yun)“《山海(hai)(hai)经(jing)》曰(yue)”者,《海(hai)(hai)内南(nan)经(jing)》文也(ye)。案,彼(bi)文云(yun)(yun)枭羊,“在北胸之(zhi)西(xi),其(qi)(qi)(qi)状人面(mian)长唇,有(you)毛,反(fan)踵,见(jian)人笑(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)亦(yi)(yi)笑(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)。左(zuo)手操管”。又(you)《海(hai)(hai)内经(jing)》云(yun)(yun):“笑(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)则唇蔽其(qi)(qi)(qi)面(mian),因可(ke)逃也(ye)。”故郭(guo)《赞》云(yun)(yun):“狒狒怪萌(meng),被发操竹;获人则笑(xiao)(xiao)(xiao),唇蔽其(qi)(qi)(qi)目;终亦(yi)(yi)号兆,反(fan)为我戮(lu)。”是(shi)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“反(fan)踵”者,脚(jiao)跟(gen)反(fan)向也(ye)。《大传(chuan)》云(yun)(yun):“周(zhou)成王(wang)时州靡国(guo)献(xian)之(zhi)”也(ye)。
、狐、<豸>、<豸舟>丑,其足,蹯;(皆有掌蹯。○蹯,音烦。)其迹,【C041】。(【C041】,指头处。○【C041】,音钮。)
【疏】“狐”至“迹【C041】”。○释曰:《说文》云:“蹯,掌也。”此四兽之类皆有掌蹯。宣二年《左传》云“宰夫而熊蹯”,是其类也。其指头著地处,名【C041】。
蒙颂,猱(nao)状(zhuang)。(即蒙贵也。状(zhuang)如隹而小,紫黑色。可畜,健捕鼠,胜(sheng)於猫。九(jiu)真(zhen)、日(ri)南(nan)皆出(chu)之。猱(nao)亦猴(hou)之类。○猱(nao),奴(nu)刀切(qie)。)
【疏】“蒙颂,猱(nao)(nao)状(zhuang)(zhuang)”。○释曰(yue)(yue):蒙颂,一名蒙贵,状(zhuang)(zhuang)似猪猱(nao)(nao),故曰(yue)(yue)猱(nao)(nao)状(zhuang)(zhuang)。郭云:“即蒙贵也。状(zhuang)(zhuang)如隹而小,紫黑色。可畜,健捕鼠,胜於(wu)猫。九真(zhen)、日南皆出(chu)之,猱(nao)(nao)亦猴之类。”
猱、爰(yuan),善(shan)援。(便攀援。○爰(yuan),音袁。)
【疏】“猱、爰,善援”。○释曰:猱,一名爰,善攀援树枝。郭(guo)云“便攀援”者,便,谓便捷也。
<豸(zhi)矍>父(fu),善顾。(<豸(zhi)><豸(zhi)矍>也(ye),似猴而大(da),色(se)苍黑,能<豸(zhi)矍>持(chi)人,好顾盼。○<豸(zhi)矍>,音(yin)(yin)。父(fu),音(yin)(yin)甫。)
【疏】“<豸(zhi)(zhi)矍(jue)(jue)>父,善顾(gu)”。○释曰(yue):大爰也(ye)。能(neng)<豸(zhi)(zhi)矍(jue)(jue)>持人,又(you)善顾(gu)盼。因名。郭云(yun):“<豸(zhi)(zhi)><豸(zhi)(zhi)矍(jue)(jue)>也(ye),似猴而(er)大。色(se)苍黑(hei),能(neng)<豸(zhi)(zhi)矍(jue)(jue)>持人,好顾(gu)盼。”
威夷,长脊而泥。(泥,少才力。)
【疏】“威夷,长脊而泥(ni)(ni)”。○释曰:泥(ni)(ni),弱也。威夷之兽,长脊而劣弱,少(shao)才(cai)力也。
{鹿咎}、ば,短ㄕ。(ㄕ,项。)
【疏】“{鹿咎(jiu)}、ば,短(duan)ㄕ”。○释曰:ㄕ,项也。{鹿咎(jiu)}、ば之兽,皆短(duan)项。
【QRDP】,有力。(出西海,大秦国有养者,似狗,多力,犭广恶。○【QRDP】,音铉。)
【疏】“【QRDP】,有力”。○释曰:【QRDP】,似(si)大(da)之兽名(ming)也。郭云:“出西海,大(da)秦国有养者,似(si)狗,多力(li),犭广恶。”
,迅头(tou)。(今(jin)建平山中(zhong)有,大如狗,似猴。黄黑色,多髯(ran)鬣,好奋迅其头(tou),能举石摘人(ren)。<豸矍>类也。○,音据。)
【疏】“,迅(xun)(xun)头(tou)”。○释曰:,似(si)猴之兽(shou)也。好奋迅(xun)(xun)其头(tou),故(gu)曰迅(xun)(xun)头(tou)。郭云:“今建平山中有,大如狗(gou),似(si)猴。黄黑色,多髯鬣,奋迅(xun)(xun)其头(tou),能举石(shi)摘人。<豸矍(jue)>类也。”
隹,鼻而(er)长(zhang)尾(wei)。(隹,似(si)(si)猴而(er)大。黄黑(hei)色,尾(wei)长(zhang)数尺,似(si)(si)獭,尾(wei)末有岐。鼻露向上,雨即(ji)自(zi)县於树,以尾(wei)塞鼻,或以两指(zhi)。江东人亦取(qu)养之。为物健捷(jie)。○隹,音诔(lei)。)
【疏】“隹(zhui),鼻而(er)长尾(wei)”。○释曰:隹(zhui),亦猴类之(zhi)(zhi)兽,鼻而(er)尾(wei)长大。《山海经》曰:“鬲(li)山多猿隹(zhui)。”是也。郭云(yun):“隹(zhui),似猴而(er)大,黄黑色,尾(wei)长数尺,似獭,尾(wei)末有岐。鼻露向上(shang),雨即自县於树,以尾(wei)塞(sai)鼻,或(huo)以两指(zhi)。江东人亦取养之(zhi)(zhi)。为物健捷。”
时,善乘(cheng)领(ling)。(好登(deng)山峰。○乘(cheng),音承(cheng)。)
【疏】“时(shi),善乘领”。○释曰:好登山峰之一兽也。
猩猩,小而好(hao)啼。(《山(shan)海经》曰:“人面豕身,能言(yan)语。”今交(jiao)趾封(feng)县出猩猩,状如(ru)獾犭屯(tun),声似小儿啼。)
【疏】“猩(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)猩(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),小而好啼”。○释曰(yue)(yue):能言兽也。《曲礼》曰(yue)(yue):“猩(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)猩(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能言。”《周(zhou)书(shu)·王会》曰(yue)(yue):“都郭犭(quan)(quan)生(sheng)犭(quan)(quan)生(sheng),欺羽犭(quan)(quan)生(sheng)犭(quan)(quan)生(sheng),若(ruo)黄(huang)狗,人(ren)面(mian)能言。”郭云:“《山海(hai)经》曰(yue)(yue):‘人(ren)面(mian)豕(shi)身,能言语。’今(jin)交趾(zhi)封县出猩(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)猩(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),状(zhuang)如獾犭(quan)(quan)屯,声似小儿啼。”云“《山海(hai)经》”者,《海(hai)内南(nan)经》文也。
阙氵(shui)曳(ye)多(duo)狃(niu)。(说(shuo)者云(yun)“脚饶指”。未详。○阙,其越(yue)切(qie)。狃(niu),音钮。)
【疏】“阙(que)氵(shui)曳多狃”。○释曰:旧(jiu)说以为阙(que)泄兽名,其脚(jiao)多狃。狃,指(zhi)也(ye)。然(ran)其形(xing),所未详闻。
寓属。
【疏】“寓属”。○释曰:寓,寄也(ye)。言此(ci)上兽属多寄寓木上,故题云“寓属”。
鼢鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),(地中(zhong)行者(zhe)(zhe)。○鼢,音(yin)(yin)愤。)<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)兼>鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。(以颊里(li)藏食(shi)。○<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)兼>,故忝(tian)切。)鼷鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),(有螫毒者(zhe)(zhe)。○鼷,音(yin)(yin)奚。)<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)>鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),(《夏小(xiao)正》曰:“<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)>鼬(you)则(ze)穴(xue)。”○<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)>,音(yin)(yin)斯。)鼬(you)鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),(今鼬(you)似,赤黄(huang)色(se),大(da)(da)尾,啖鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),江东呼(hu)(hu)为(wei)<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)生>。音(yin)(yin)牲。○鼬(you),音(yin)(yin)佑。)鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),(小(xiao)<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)青>也,亦名<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)从>。○,音(yin)(yin)劬。)<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)寺>鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),(未详(xiang)。)<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)犬(quan)>鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),(《山海(hai)经》说兽云:“状如<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)犬(quan)>鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。”然形则(ze)未详(xiang)。○<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)寺>,音(yin)(yin)时。<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)犬(quan)>,音(yin)(yin)吠。)鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),(形大(da)(da)如鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),头似兔(tu),尾有毛(mao),青黄(huang)色(se),在田中(zhong)食(shi)粟豆。关(guan)西呼(hu)(hu)为(wei)鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),见《广雅》。音(yin)(yin)瞿。○,音(yin)(yin)石。)<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)文>鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冬>鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),(皆未详(xiang)。○<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)文>,音(yin)(yin)问。<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冬>,音(yin)(yin)终(zhong)。)豹文<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)廷>鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),(鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)文彩如豹者(zhe)(zhe)。汉武帝(di)时得此鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),孝廉郎终(zhong)军(jun)知之,赐(ci)绢百匹。○<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)廷>,音(yin)(yin)廷。)<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)贝>鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。(今江东山中(zhong)有<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)贝>鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),状如鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)而大(da)(da),苍(cang)色(se),在树木上(shang)。音(yin)(yin)巫觋。○<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)贝>,南见切。)鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)属。
【疏】“鼢(fen)(fen)鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)”至“<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)贝(bei)>鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)”。○释(shi)曰(yue):此别(bie)鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)属(shu)(shu)(shu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“鼢(fen)(fen)鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),郭(guo)(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“地中行者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。”《说(shuo)(shuo)文(wen)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“地中行鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),伯劳(lao)所作(zuo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”《广雅》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“鼹鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”《方言》名(ming)“犁鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)”,即此鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。谓(wei)起(qi)地若(ruo)耕,因(yin)名(ming)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)兼>鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《大(da)(da)戴(dai)礼》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“田(tian)鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)兼>鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)兼>是(shi)颊(jia)里藏食之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming),鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)若(ruo)此者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),因(yin)名(ming)<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)兼>鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“鼷(xi)鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),李巡曰(yue):“<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)青(qing)>鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。”郭(guo)(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“有(you)(you)(you)螫毒(du)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。”盖如今(jin)鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)狼(lang)。《春秋·成(cheng)七年》“食郊牛伯”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。《博物(wu)志》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)最小(xiao)(xiao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),或谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耳鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。”何休亦云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“鼷(xi)鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)中之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)微者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。”云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)>鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),似(si)鼬之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。郭(guo)(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“《夏小(xiao)(xiao)正》曰(yue)‘<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)>鼬则穴(xue)’”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),在九(jiu)月(yue)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“鼬鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《字林》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“如鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),赤黄而(er)文(wen)。”郭(guo)(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“今(jin)鼬似(si),赤黄色,大(da)(da)尾,啖鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),江(jiang)东(dong)呼为<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)生(sheng)(sheng)>。”即《庄子》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“骐(qi)骥骅骝,捕鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)不(bu)如<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)生(sheng)(sheng)>”是(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)青(qing)>小(xiao)(xiao)鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。本云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“一名(ming)鼷(xi)鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)”。郭(guo)(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“小(xiao)(xiao)<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)青(qing)>也(ye)(ye)(ye),亦名(ming)<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)从>。”云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),孙(sun)炎(yan)曰(yue):“五技(ji)鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。”许(xu)慎(shen)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)五技(ji):能(neng)飞(fei)不(bu)能(neng)上(shang)(shang)屋,能(neng)游不(bu)能(neng)渡(du)谷(gu),能(neng)缘不(bu)能(neng)穷木,能(neng)走(zou)不(bu)能(neng)先人(ren)(ren),能(neng)穴(xue)不(bu)能(neng)覆(fu)身(shen)。”此之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谓(wei)五技(ji)。蔡邕以(yi)(yi)此为蝼蛄。郭(guo)(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“形大(da)(da)如鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),头(tou)似(si)兔,尾有(you)(you)(you)毛(mao),青(qing)黄色,好(hao)在田(tian)中食粟(su)豆,关西呼为<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)勺>鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),见《广雅》。”<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)勺>(音雀),今(jin)本作(zuo),误也(ye)(ye)(ye)。案(an)《诗(shi)·魏风》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“硕鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)硕鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。”陆机《疏》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“今(jin)河东(dong)有(you)(you)(you)大(da)(da)鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),能(neng)人(ren)(ren)立,交前两脚於(wu)颈上(shang)(shang)。号舞(wu),善鸣。食人(ren)(ren)禾苗(miao),人(ren)(ren)逐则走(zou)入树空中,亦有(you)(you)(you)技(ji)。或谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)雀鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。”案(an),此与郭(guo)(guo)氏(shi)(shi)所说(shuo)(shuo)同。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“豹文(wen)<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)廷>鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),郭(guo)(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)文(wen)彩如豹者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。汉武帝时(shi)得此鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),孝廉郎终军(jun)(jun)知之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),赐绢百匹”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案(an)《汉书》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):终军(jun)(jun),字子云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun),济南人(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。少好(hao)学(xue),以(yi)(yi)辩博能(neng)属(shu)(shu)(shu)文(wen)。初入关,弃而(er)去(qu)。至长安上(shang)(shang)书,拜为谒(ye)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)给(ji)事中。使南越,为吕(lv)嘉所杀。死时(shi)年二十(shi)馀(yu),故世号之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)终童。武帝尝得豹文(wen)鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),终军(jun)(jun)以(yi)(yi)《尔雅》辨其名(ming),故受赐也(ye)(ye)(ye)。“<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)贝(bei)>鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)贝(bei)>,鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)名(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。郭(guo)(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“今(jin)江(jiang)东(dong)山中有(you)(you)(you)<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)贝(bei)>鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),状如鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)而(er)大(da)(da),苍(cang)色,在树木上(shang)(shang)。”○注(zhu)“《山海经》说(shuo)(shuo)兽云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):‘状如<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)犬>鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。’”○释(shi)曰(yue):案(an)《中山经》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“倚帝山,其上(shang)(shang)多玉,下多金。有(you)(you)(you)兽焉,状如<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)犬>鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),白(bai)喙(hui),名(ming)狙如,见则其国有(you)(you)(you)大(da)(da)兵。”是(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。“鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)属(shu)(shu)(shu)。”○释(shi)曰(yue):言此上(shang)(shang)皆鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属(shu)(shu)(shu)类也(ye)(ye)(ye)。鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),小(xiao)(xiao)兽也(ye)(ye)(ye)。亦四(si)足而(er)毛(mao),故於(wu)此释(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。案(an)《字林》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)兼>鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),即鼢(fen)(fen)鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”今(jin)郭(guo)(guo)氏(shi)(shi)分为二。又《说(shuo)(shuo)文(wen)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“<鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冬>,豹文(wen)鼠(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”今(jin)郭(guo)(guo)氏(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)豹文(wen)下属(shu)(shu)(shu),未知孰是(shi)。故略(lve)言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
牛曰<齿(chi)台>,(食之已(yi)久复出(chu)嚼(jiao)之也。○<齿(chi)台>,丑之切。)羊曰<齿(chi)世>,(今江(jiang)东呼<齿(chi)台>为<齿(chi)世>。音漏氵(shui)曳(ye)。)麋(mi)鹿曰<齿(chi)益>。(江(jiang)东名咽曰<齿(chi)益>。<齿(chi)益>者,<齿(chi)可>食之所在,依名云(yun)。○<齿(chi)益>,音益。)鸟曰裹(guo),(咽中裹(guo)食处。)寓(yu)鼠(shu)曰兼(jian)。(颊裹(guo)贮(zhu)食处。寓(yu),谓猴之类(lei)寄寓(yu)木(mu)上。)<齿(chi)益>属。
【疏】“牛曰<齿台>”至“<齿益>属(shu)”。○释曰:此别鸟、兽嚼(jiao)(jiao)食(shi)(shi)之(zhi)名(ming)也(ye)(ye)。牛名(ming)曰<齿台>。郭(guo)云(yun):“食(shi)(shi)之(zhi)已久,复(fu)出嚼(jiao)(jiao)之(zhi)。”羊(yang)名(ming)曰<齿世>。郭(guo)云(yun):“今(jin)江(jiang)东呼<齿台>为<齿世>。”麋鹿名(ming)曰<齿益>。郭(guo)云(yun):“江(jiang)东名(ming)咽(yan)为<齿益>。<齿益>者,<齿可>食(shi)(shi)之(zhi)所在,依名(ming)云(yun)。”鸟名(ming)曰嗉。郭(guo)云(yun):“咽(yan)中裹食(shi)(shi)处。”即上篇“其长,嗉”也(ye)(ye)。寓木之(zhi)兽及鼠皆曰兼。郭(guo)云(yun):“颊裹贮食(shi)(shi)处。寓,谓(wei)猴之(zhi)类寄(ji)寓木上。”此属(shu)皆咽(yan)中藏食(shi)(shi),复(fu)出嚼(jiao)(jiao)之(zhi)。故(gu)题云(yun)“<齿益>属(shu)”。
兽曰(yue)衅(xin),(自奋迅动(dong)作。○衅(xin),许刃(ren)切。)人曰(yue)挢(jiao),(频伸夭挢(jiao)。○挢(jiao),纪(ji)小切。)鱼曰(yue)须,(鼓鳃须息。)鸟(niao)曰(yue)。(张(zhang)两(liang)翅,皆气体所须。○,古阒切。)须属。
【疏】“兽曰衅”至“须(xu)属(shu)”。○释曰:此辨人(ren)、鱼(yu)(yu)、鸟(niao)、兽气体所须(xu)之(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)。兽之(zhi)(zhi)自奋迅动作名(ming)(ming)(ming)衅。人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)罢倦(juan),频(pin)伸夭挢(jiao)、舒展屈折名(ming)(ming)(ming)挢(jiao)。鱼(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)鼓动两颊,若人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)欠(qian)须(xu)导其(qi)气息者(zhe)名(ming)(ming)(ming)须(xu)。鸟(niao)之(zhi)(zhi)张两翅,然摇动者(zhe)名(ming)(ming)(ming)。此皆气倦(juan)体罢所须(xu)若此。故题云(yun)“须(xu)属(shu)”也(ye)。
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