卷十六 高(gao)惠高(gao)后(hou)文功(gong)臣(chen)表第(di)四
自古帝王之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兴,曷尝不(bu)建辅弼(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣所(suo)与共成天(tian)功(gong)者乎!汉(han)兴自秦二(er)世元年(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)秋,楚陈之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)岁,初以(yi)(yi)沛(pei)公总帅雄俊,三(san)年(nian)(nian)然(ran)后西灭秦,立汉(han)王之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)号,五(wu)年(nian)(nian)东克项羽,即(ji)皇帝位(wei)。八载而天(tian)下乃平,始论(lun)功(gong)而定封。讫十(shi)二(er)年(nian)(nian),侯者百四十(shi)有(you)三(san)人(ren)。时大(da)城(cheng)名都民人(ren)散亡,户口可得而数裁什二(er)三(san),是以(yi)(yi)大(da)侯不(bu)过万(wan)家,小者五(wu)六百户。封爵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)誓曰(yue):“使(shi)黄河如带(dai),泰山若(ruo)厉,国以(yi)(yi)永存,爰及苗(miao)裔(yi)。”于是申以(yi)(yi)丹书之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)信,重(zhong)以(yi)(yi)白马之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盟,又(you)作十(shi)八侯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)次。高后二(er)年(nian)(nian),复诏丞相陈平尽差列侯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong),录(lu)弟下竟(jing),臧诸宗庙(miao),副(fu)在有(you)司(si)。始未尝不(bu)欲固根本,而枝(zhi)叶稍落也。
故(gu)(gu)逮文、景四五世(shi)间(jian),流民既归,户口亦息,列侯大者(zhe)至(zhi)三四万(wan)户,小(xiao)国自倍(bei),富厚如之(zhi)(zhi)。子(zi)孙骄逸,忘(wang)其(qi)(qi)先祖之(zhi)(zhi)艰(jian)难,多(duo)陷法禁,陨(yun)命亡(wang)国,或亡(wang)子(zi)孙。讫于孝(xiao)武(wu)后元之(zhi)(zhi)年,靡有(you)孑遗,耗矣。罔亦少密焉。故(gu)(gu)孝(xiao)宣皇帝愍而录之(zhi)(zhi),乃(nai)开庙臧(zang),览旧籍,诏令(ling)有(you)司求其(qi)(qi)子(zi)孙,咸出(chu)庸保(bao)之(zhi)(zhi)中,并(bing)受复除(chu),或加以(yi)金(jin)帛(bo),用章中兴(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)德。
降及孝成(cheng),复加恤问(wen),稍(shao)益衰微,不(bu)绝(jue)如线。善(shan)乎,杜业之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)纳说也!曰:“昔唐以(yi)万国致时(shi)雍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)政(zheng),虞、夏以(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多群后飨共(gong)己之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)治(zhi)。汤(tang)法三圣(sheng),殷氏太平(ping)。周封(feng)八(ba)百,重译来贺。是(shi)以(yi)内恕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun),乐继(ji)(ji)(ji)绝(jue)世(shi);隆名之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主(zhu)(zhu),安立亡国。至(zhi)于(yu)不(bu)及下车(che),德念深矣。成(cheng)王察(cha)牧野之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)克,顾群后之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勤,知其(qi)(qi)恩(en)结(jie)于(yu)民心(xin),功光于(yu)王府也,故(gu)追述先父之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志,录遗老之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)策,高其(qi)(qi)位,大(da)其(qi)(qi)+,爱敬饬(chi)尽(jin)(jin),命赐备厚。大(da)孝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)隆,于(yu)是(shi)为(wei)(wei)至(zhi)。至(zhi)其(qi)(qi)没也,世(shi)主(zhu)(zhu)叹其(qi)(qi)功,无民而(er)不(bu)思。所(suo)息之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)树且犹不(bu)伐,况其(qi)(qi)庙乎?是(shi)以(yi)燕、齐(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祀(si)与周并传,子(zi)继(ji)(ji)(ji)弟及,历载不(bu)堕。岂无刑辟(pi),繇祖之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)竭力,故(gu)支庶赖焉。迹汉(han)功臣,亦皆割(ge)符(fu)世(shi)爵,受山河之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)誓(shi),存以(yi)著(zhu)其(qi)(qi)号,亡以(yi)显其(qi)(qi)魂,赏(shang)亦不(bu)细矣。百余年间而(er)袭(xi)封(feng)者(zhe)尽(jin)(jin),或绝(jue)失姓(xing),或乏(fa)无主(zhu)(zhu),朽骨(gu)孤于(yu)墓(mu),苗裔流于(yu)道,生为(wei)(wei)愍隶,死为(wei)(wei)转(zhuan)尸。以(yi)往(wang)况今(jin),甚(shen)可(ke)悲伤。圣(sheng)朝怜闵,诏(zhao)求其(qi)(qi)后,四方忻忻,靡不(bu)归心(xin)。出(chu)入数年而(er)不(bu)省(sheng)察(cha),恐议者(zhe)不(bu)思大(da)义(yi),设言虚(xu)亡,则厚德掩(yan)息,遴柬布章,非所(suo)以(yi)视化(hua)劝后也。三人(ren)为(wei)(wei)众,虽难尽(jin)(jin)继(ji)(ji)(ji),宜从尤功。”于(yu)是(shi)成(cheng)帝复绍萧何(he)。
哀、平之世,增修曹参、周勃之属,得其宜矣。以缀续前记,究其本末,并序位次,尽于孝文,以昭元功之侯籍。
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