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周礼注疏·卷三十七在线阅读

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●卷四

  条狼氏掌执鞭以趋辟。王出入则八人夹道,公则六人,侯伯则四人,子男则二人。(趋辟,趋而辟行人,若今卒辟车之为也。孔子曰:“富而可求,虽执鞭之士,吾亦为之。”言士之贱也。
  ○趋辟(pi)(pi),七(qi)须反(fan)(fan)(fan),下婢(bi)亦反(fan)(fan)(fan),又音避(bi),刘薄易反(fan)(fan)(fan),徐(xu)扶亦反(fan)(fan)(fan)。注“趋辟(pi)(pi)”、“辟(pi)(pi)行人(ren)”同。卒(zu),子忽反(fan)(fan)(fan),下“衍卒(zu)”同。辟(pi)(pi)车(che),必亦反(fan)(fan)(fan),又婢(bi)亦反(fan)(fan)(fan)。)

[疏]“条狼”至“二人”
  ○释曰:按《序言》“条狼氏,下士六人(ren)(ren)(ren),胥六人(ren)(ren)(ren),徒六十人(ren)(ren)(ren)”。今云(yun)天子八人(ren)(ren)(ren),少二人(ren)(ren)(ren)矣,盖取胥徒中(zhong)兼充也。

凡誓,执鞭以趋於前,且命之。誓仆右曰杀,誓驭曰车に,誓大夫曰敢不关,鞭五百,誓师曰三百,誓邦之大史曰杀,誓小史曰墨。(前,谓所誓众之行前也。有司读誓辞,则大言其刑以警所誓也。誓者,谓出军及将祭祀时也。出军之誓,誓左右及驭,则《书》之《甘誓》备矣。《郊特牲》说祭祀之誓曰:“卜之日,王立于泽,亲听誓命,受教谏之义也。”车に,谓车裂也。师,乐师也。大史、小史,主礼事者。郑司农云:“誓大夫曰敢不关,谓不关於君也。”玄谓大夫自受命以出,则其馀事莫不复请。
  ○に,户串(chuan)反(fan),一音环(huan)。大,音泰,注同。行(xing),户刚反(fan)。警,京领反(fan)。复(fu)请,刘(liu)上音服,下(xia)音情(qing)。)

[疏]“凡誓”至“曰墨”
  ○释曰:誓自有大官,若《月令》田猎,司徒北面以誓之。誓时此条狼氏则为之大言,使众闻知,故云“且命之”。“誓仆右”者,仆,大仆,与王同车,故《大仆职》云“军旅赞王鼓”,注云:“佐击其馀面。”通右与驭及王四乘也。右,谓勇力之士,在车右,备非常。誓驭,谓与王驭车者也。
  ○注“前谓”至“复请”
  ○释曰(yue):云“谓(wei)出(chu)(chu)军及将(jiang)祭(ji)祀(si)时(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),若且命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)以上,军旅祭(ji)祀(si),同有此(ci)(ci)事。仆右(you)四乘,校军旅时(shi)。师与(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)史小史,皆(jie)(jie)据祭(ji)祀(si)时(shi)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫敢不(bu)(bu)关,亦据祭(ji)祀(si)须(xu)(xu)关君(jun),是(shi)(shi)以郑(zheng)引(yin)《甘誓(shi)》证(zheng)军旅、引(yin)《郊特牲》证(zheng)祭(ji)祀(si)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云“《甘誓(shi)》备(bei)矣”者(zhe)(zhe),按《甘誓(shi)》云:“左不(bu)(bu)攻于左,汝(ru)不(bu)(bu)恭命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming),右(you)不(bu)(bu)攻于右(you),汝(ru)不(bu)(bu)恭命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming),驭非(fei)其(qi)马之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)正,汝(ru)不(bu)(bu)恭命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。用命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)赏于祖,弗用命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)戮(lu)于社,予则(ze)(ze)(ze)孥戮(lu)汝(ru)。”是(shi)(shi)其(qi)备(bei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《郊特牲》者(zhe)(zhe),王(wang)将(jiang)祭(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi),故(gu)云:“卜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日,王(wang)立(li)于泽(ze)”,谓(wei)在泽(ze)宫(gong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。泽(ze)宫(gong)者(zhe)(zhe),择(ze)士(shi)可与(yu)祭(ji)者(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宫(gong),亲自听(ting)有司(si)誓(shi)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming),此(ci)(ci)是(shi)(shi)受教(jiao)谏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云“车に谓(wei)车裂(lie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),《春秋左氏传》云“に观起於四境(jing)”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。师知(zhi)是(shi)(shi)乐(le)师者(zhe)(zhe),以其(qi)下有大(da)(da)(da)(da)史、小史,皆(jie)(jie)掌礼,礼乐(le)相埒,故(gu)知(zhi)师是(shi)(shi)乐(le)师。大(da)(da)(da)(da)师瞽(gu)人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)长也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郑(zheng)司(si)农(nong)云“誓(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫曰(yue)敢不(bu)(bu)关,谓(wei)不(bu)(bu)关於君(jun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”,此(ci)(ci)先(xian)郑(zheng)义未(wei)足,故(gu)後郑(zheng)增(zeng)成之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。“玄谓(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫自受命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)以出(chu)(chu),则(ze)(ze)(ze)其(qi)馀事莫(mo)不(bu)(bu)复(fu)请”,言此(ci)(ci)者(zhe)(zhe),欲见受命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)出(chu)(chu)征(zheng),困外(wai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事,将(jiang)军裁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),不(bu)(bu)须(xu)(xu)复(fu)请,除(chu)此(ci)(ci)以外(wai),其(qi)无不(bu)(bu)复(fu)请,皆(jie)(jie)须(xu)(xu)请於君(jun),乃得行事。是(shi)(shi)以襄公(gong)十九年秋七月辛(xin)卯,齐(qi)侯(hou)环(huan)卒(zu)(zu),晋士(shi)モ帅师侵齐(qi),至(zhi),闻(wen)齐(qi)侯(hou)卒(zu)(zu),乃还。《公(gong)羊(yang)传》曰(yue):“还者(zhe)(zhe)何(he)?善(shan)辞也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。何(he)善(shan)尔(er)?大(da)(da)(da)(da)其(qi)不(bu)(bu)伐丧(sang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)受命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)乎君(jun)而(er)伐齐(qi),则(ze)(ze)(ze)何(he)大(da)(da)(da)(da)乎其(qi)不(bu)(bu)伐丧(sang)?大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫以君(jun)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)出(chu)(chu),进退在大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”是(shi)(shi)其(qi)不(bu)(bu)复(fu)请君(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若《梁》,大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫虽在外(wai),犹(you)当复(fu)请于君(jun),不(bu)(bu)敢专(zhuan)(zhuan),故(gu)曰(yue):“还者(zhe)(zhe),事未(wei)毕(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辞也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。受命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)而(er)诛生,死无所加其(qi)怒,不(bu)(bu)伐丧(sang),善(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。善(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)则(ze)(ze)(ze)何(he)为未(wei)毕(bi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)?君(jun)不(bu)(bu)尸小事,臣不(bu)(bu)专(zhuan)(zhuan)大(da)(da)(da)(da)名,善(shan)则(ze)(ze)(ze)称(cheng)君(jun),过(guo)则(ze)(ze)(ze)称(cheng)已,则(ze)(ze)(ze)民作让矣。士(shi)モ外(wai)专(zhuan)(zhuan)君(jun)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming),故(gu)非(fei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。然则(ze)(ze)(ze)为士(shi)モ者(zhe)(zhe)宜奈何(he)?宜单帷而(er)归(gui)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)乎介(jie)。”是(shi)(shi)其(qi)虽在外(wai)不(bu)(bu)得专(zhuan)(zhuan)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

闾氏掌比国中宿互柝者与其国粥,而比其追胥者而赏罚之。(国中,城中也。粥,养也。国所游养,谓羡卒也。追,逐寇也。胥读为亻胥,故书“互”为“巨”。郑司农云:“宿谓宿卫也。巨当为互,谓行马,所以障互禁止人也。柝谓行夜击柝。”
  ○比(bi),毗志反,下同。宿(su),如(ru)字(zi),刘(liu)息就反。粥,音育(yu)。追,如(ru)字(zi),刘(liu)张类反。亻胥(xu),音胥(xu),又息吕(lv)反。)

[疏]“闾”至“罚之”
  ○释(shi)曰:云(yun)“掌比国(guo)(guo)(guo)中(zhong)宿互柝”者,互,谓(wei)行(xing)马,所以为(wei)遮(zhe)障,宿者所守(shou)卫。柝者,谓(wei)宿复击柝持更也。云(yun)“与其国(guo)(guo)(guo)粥”者,谓(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)粥养,未入正卒,且为(wei)羡卒者。云(yun)“而比其追胥”者,使(shi)此(ci)羡卒追而逐寇,胥为(wei)伺搏盗贼,二事也。

禁径逾者(zhe),与(yu)以兵(bing)革趋行者(zhe),与(yu)驰骋(cheng)於(wu)国中者(zhe)。(皆为其惑众。)

[疏]“禁径”至“中者”
  ○释曰:以其(qi)职(zhi)作闾(lv),当理门闾(lv),故(gu)禁此三者(zhe)也。

邦有故,则令(ling)(ling)守其(qi)闾互,唯(wei)执节者不(bu)几。(令(ling)(ling)者,令(ling)(ling)其(qi)闾内之闾胥里宰之属。)

[疏]注“令者”至“之属”
  ○释曰:“邦有故”,谓有寇戎、大丧、札丧皆(jie)是,恐有奸(jian)非,则命各遣守闾里(li)(li)巷门(men)。有执节公使者,不(bu)几诃也。但言闾,惟(wei)据乡内,注兼(jian)云里(li)(li)宰(zai)者,官名闾,以六(liu)乡为(wei)主(zhu),其实兼(jian)主(zhu)六(liu)遂(sui),故言里(li)(li)宰(zai)以包(bao)之也。

冥氏掌设弧张。(弧张,之属,所以扃绢禽兽。
  ○冥,音觅。,昌容反(fan),刘上凶反(fan)。,音浮。扃,亏荧反(fan)。绢,古犬反(fan),一(yi)音古县(xian)反(fan),《{羽是}氏》注同。)

[疏]注“弧张”至“禽兽”
  ○释曰:弧(hu),弓也,谓张弓以取猛兽。云“之(zhi)属(shu)”者,《诗》云:“雉(zhi)罹于,雉(zhi)罹于。”并是取禽(qin)兽之(zhi)物。言“之(zhi)属(shu)”,仍有兔之(zhi)等(deng),皆是扃绢禽(qin)兽者也。

为阱扌以攻猛兽,以灵鼓驱之。(灵鼓,六面鼓。驱之,使惊趋阱扌。
  ○驱,丘于反,後同。)

[疏]注“灵鼓”至“阱扌”
  ○释曰:知灵(ling)鼓六(liu)面(mian)者(zhe),以(yi)《鼓人(ren)》云“灵(ling)鼓,鼓祭社”,晋鼓、{卉(hui)鼓}等非(fei)祭社之(zhi)鼓,并(bing)两(liang)面(mian),路鼓祭宗庙(miao),故知加(jia)两(liang)面(mian)为(wei)四(si)面(mian),地(di)神(shen)尊於宗庙(miao),加(jia)两(liang)面(mian)为(wei)六(liu)面(mian),天尊於地(di)神(shen),加(jia)两(liang)面(mian)为(wei)八面(mian),以(yi)此差(cha)之(zhi),知灵(ling)鼓六(liu)面(mian)鼓也。

若得其兽,则献其皮、革、齿、须、备。(郑司农云:“须,直谓颐下须。备谓搔也。”
  ○搔,音爪。)

[疏]“若得”至“须备”
  ○释曰:猛兽(shou)有(you)不(bu)得之法,故云“若”,以不(bu)定之言也。若得猛兽(shou)之时,猛兽(shou)之肉(rou)不(bu)堪人啖(dan),故当献其皮革须(xu)备(bei)也。皮,谓若虎豹(bao)熊罴。革,谓无文章者(zhe),去毛而献之。齿即牙也。须(xu)备(bei),如先(xian)郑所说,虎豹(bao)有(you)须(xu)备(bei),献之以拟(ni)器物之用也。

庶氏掌除毒蛊,以攻说礻会之,嘉草攻之。(毒蛊,虫物而病害人者。《贼律》曰:“敢蛊人及教令者,弃市。”攻说,祈名,祈其神求去之也。嘉草,药物,其状未闻。攻之,谓熏之。郑司农云:“礻会,除也。”玄谓此礻会读如溃痈之溃。
  ○庶(shu),章(zhang)预反(fan)。毒蛊,音(yin)古。礻会,刘音(yin)溃(kui),户(hu)内反(fan)。[A061],音(yin)草,本亦作草。令,力(li)呈反(fan)。去,起(qi)吕反(fan)。熏(xun),许云(yun)反(fan)。)

[疏]“庶氏”至“攻之”
  ○释曰:“除毒蛊”,目言之。“攻说礻会之”,据去其神也。“嘉草攻之”,据去其身者也。
  ○注“毒蛊”至“之溃”
  ○释曰:云“攻说,祈名”者,《大(da)祝》六祈有类(lei)、造、[A061]、、攻、说,故知(zhi)也(ye)。先(xian)郑云“[A061],除也(ye)”,後(hou)郑增成(cheng)其义,溃痈之(zhi)溃,俗读也(ye)。

凡(fan)驱蛊,则令之(zhi)比之(zhi)。(使为之(zhi),又校(xiao)次之(zhi)。)

[疏]“凡驱”至“比之”
  ○释曰:云驱之(zhi)(zhi),止谓用嘉草熏(xun)之(zhi)(zhi)时,并使人驱之(zhi)(zhi)。既(ji)役人众(zhong),故(gu)须校比之(zhi)(zhi)。

穴氏掌攻(gong)蛰(zhe)(zhe)兽(shou),各以(yi)其(qi)物(wu)火之。(蛰(zhe)(zhe)兽(shou),熊罴(pi)之属(shu)冬藏者也。将攻(gong)之,必先烧其(qi)所食之物(wu)於其(qi)外(wai)以(yi)诱出之,乃可得之。)

[疏]注“蛰兽”至“得之”
  ○释曰:知(zhi)“熊罴(pi)之属”者,郑目验而知(zhi)。猛兽之蛰,惟(wei)有熊罴(pi)之属也。言以其物火之,明(ming)是烧(shao)其所食(shi)之物,诱之,使出穴外,乃可得也。

以时献其珍异皮革。

[疏]“以时”至“皮革”
  ○释曰(yue):谓熊罴之(zhi)皮革(ge)及熊蹯(fan)之(zhi)等(deng)。

{羽是}氏掌攻猛鸟,各以其物为媒而掎之。(猛鸟,鹰隼之属。置其所食之物於绢中,鸟来下则掎其脚。
  ○掎,居绮反,注(zhu)同(tong)。隼,息允反。)

[疏]注“猛鸟”至“其脚”
  ○释曰:云“各以其物(wu)为媒”者(zhe)(zhe),若今(jin)取鹰隼(sun)者(zhe)(zhe),以鸠鸽置於(wu)罗网之下以诱之。云“鹰隼(sun)之属”者(zhe)(zhe),《王制》云“鹰隼(sun)击,然(ran)後罗设”,《易》云“公用射隼(sun)於(wu)高墉之上”,隼(sun)即(ji)谓之鹘者(zhe)(zhe)也。

以时献其羽翮。(
  ○翮,户革反。)

柞氏掌攻草木及林麓。(林,人所养者。山足曰麓。
  ○柞(zuo),侧(ce)百反(fan)。麓,音鹿。)

[疏]注“林人”至“曰麓”
  ○释曰:此(ci)(ci)柞氏(shi)(shi)与氏(shi)(shi)治地(di),皆拟後年乃种(zhong)田(tian)。但下有(you)氏(shi)(shi)除草,此(ci)(ci)柞氏(shi)(shi)攻木(mu),兼云(yun)草者,以(yi)攻木(mu)之(zhi)处有(you)草,兼攻之(zhi),故(gu)云(yun)草也。云(yun)“林,人(ren)所(suo)养(yang)者”,若林衡所(suo)掌者,未必人(ren)所(suo)养(yang),此(ci)(ci)乃人(ren)所(suo)攻治,以(yi)拟种(zhong)殖,故(gu)知(zhi)此(ci)(ci)林麓(lu)(lu)(lu)人(ren)所(suo)养(yang)治者也。漆林之(zhi)征,亦此(ci)(ci)类也。“山足曰麓(lu)(lu)(lu)”,《尔雅》文。林麓(lu)(lu)(lu),谓麓(lu)(lu)(lu)上有(you)林者也。此(ci)(ci)掌攻,与下文为目(mu)也。

夏日至,令刊阳木而火之。冬日至,令剥阴木而水之。(刊剥互言耳,皆谓斫去次地之皮。生山南为阳木,生山北为阴木。火之水之,则使其肄不生。
  ○刊,若干反(fan)。去(qu),起吕反(fan)。肄,以四反(fan)。)

[疏]“夏日”至“水之”
  ○释曰:“夏日至”,谓五月夏至之日为之也。“令刊阳木而火之”,谓先刊削以去其皮,乃烧之。“冬日至”,谓十一月冬至之日为之,剥阴木而水之,亦谓剥去其皮乃水。此文与下文相兼乃足也。必以夏刊阳木,冬剥阴木者,夏至之日则阴生,冬至阳生,阳木得阴而鼓,阴木得阳而发,故须其时而刊剥之也。山虞取其坚刃,冬斩阳,夏斩阴。此欲死之,故夏阳木,冬阴木。
  ○注“刊剥”至“不生”
  ○释曰(yue):云(yun)“刊剥互言耳”者,谓削之(zhi)(zhi)亦剥,剥谓剥去其(qi)(qi)皮,亦削之(zhi)(zhi),故(gu)云(yun)互也。云(yun)“生(sheng)山(shan)南为阳(yang)木生(sheng)山(shan)北(bei)(bei)为阴木”者,《尔雅》云(yun):“山(shan)南曰(yue)阳(yang),山(shan)北(bei)(bei)曰(yue)阴。”云(yun)“火之(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)之(zhi)(zhi),则使(shi)其(qi)(qi)肄不生(sheng)”者,斩而复(fu)生(sheng)曰(yue)肄,若以水(shui)火,斩而不复(fu)重生(sheng),故(gu)云(yun)使(shi)其(qi)(qi)肄不生(sheng)也。

若欲(yu)其化(hua)也(ye),则(ze)春秋变其水(shui)火(huo)(huo)。(化(hua)犹(you)生也(ye),谓时以种(zhong)也(ye)。变其水(shui)火(huo)(huo)者,乃所火(huo)(huo)则(ze)水(shui)之,所水(shui)则(ze)火(huo)(huo)之,则(ze)其土(tu)和美。)

[疏]注“化犹”至“和美”
  ○释(shi)曰:此覆释(shi)上文(wen)(wen),此刊木,正欲种(zhong)田生(sheng),故云(yun)若(ruo)欲。使(shi)前(qian)(qian)刊木分之(zhi)(zhi)时,则(ze)当以(yi)(yi)春(chun)秋变其(qi)水火(huo)也。变之(zhi)(zhi)者,前(qian)(qian)文(wen)(wen)云(yun)夏日至(zhi)刊阳(yang)木火(huo)之(zhi)(zhi)者,至(zhi)秋以(yi)(yi)水渍之(zhi)(zhi)。前(qian)(qian)冬日至(zhi)剥阴木以(yi)(yi)水之(zhi)(zhi)者,至(zhi)後春(chun)以(yi)(yi)火(huo)烧之(zhi)(zhi)。如此,则(ze)地(di)和(he)美也。

凡攻木(mu)(mu)者,掌其政令。(除木(mu)(mu)有(you)时。)

[疏]注“除木有时”
  ○释(shi)曰:凡国家有欲攻(gong)木者(zhe),皆(jie)来取(qu)柞氏(shi)政(zheng)(zheng)令。所以取(qu)政(zheng)(zheng)令者(zhe),除(chu)木有时,如(ru)上冬夏(xia)者(zhe)也。

氏掌杀草。春始生而萌之,夏日至而夷之,秋绳而芟之,冬日至而耜之。(故书“萌”作“薨”。杜子春云:“薨当为萌,谓耕反其萌牙,书亦或为萌。”玄谓萌之者,以兹其斫其生者。夷之以钩镰迫地芟之也,若今取茭矣。含实曰绳。芟其绳则实不成孰。耜之,以耜测冻土之。
  ○绳,音(yin)孕,以证(zheng)反,注同。芟(shan),所衔(xian)反。薨,音(yin)萌。兹其,音(yin)基,兹其Θ也。镰,音(yin)兼。茭,音(yin)交(jiao)。,初产反,刘则(ze)展反。)

[疏]注“故书”至“之”
  ○释曰:此氏所(suo)掌治地,从春(chun)(chun)(chun)至冬,亦一(yi)年(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)事,後(hou)年(nian)乃可种也(ye)。子(zi)春(chun)(chun)(chun)云(yun)“萌(meng)(meng)(meng),谓(wei)耕(geng)反(fan)其萌(meng)(meng)(meng)牙(ya)”。後(hou)郑不(bu)(bu)从者(zhe),此经(jing)云(yun)“杀草(cao)”,则(ze)是萌(meng)(meng)(meng)谓(wei)草(cao)始生出地之(zhi)(zhi)时,非是十一(yi)月草(cao)木萌(meng)(meng)(meng)动,其色(se)赤。十二月牙(ya),其色(se)白(bai),何得耕(geng)反(fan)其萌(meng)(meng)(meng)牙(ya)乎?以(yi)(yi)(yi)是不(bu)(bu)从子(zi)春(chun)(chun)(chun)之(zhi)(zhi)说(shuo)也(ye)。“玄谓(wei)萌(meng)(meng)(meng)之(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)兹其斫其生者(zhe)”,汉时兹其,即今之(zhi)(zhi)锄也(ye)。云(yun)“夷之(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)钩镰迫地芟(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)也(ye),若今取茭(jiao)矣”者(zhe),见今取茭(jiao)草(cao),亦於(wu)夏(xia)迫地取之(zhi)(zhi),故举为(wei)况也(ye)。云(yun)“含实(shi)曰绳”者(zhe),秋时草(cao)物含实(shi)也(ye)。云(yun)“耜(si)之(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)耜(si)测(ce)冻(dong)土(tu)(tu)之(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe),耜(si)广(guang)五(wu)寸(cun),谓(wei)耒头金。冬时地冻(dong),故以(yi)(yi)(yi)耜(si)附测(ce)冻(dong)土(tu)(tu)之(zhi)(zhi)。如(ru)此春(chun)(chun)(chun)种,则(ze)地和美。

若欲(yu)其(qi)化也,则以(yi)(yi)水(shui)火变之(zhi)。(谓以(yi)(yi)火烧(shao)其(qi)所(suo)芟萌之(zhi)草(cao),已而水(shui)之(zhi),则其(qi)土亦(yi)和(he)美(mei)矣。《月令》“季夏,烧(shao)行水(shui),利以(yi)(yi)杀草(cao),如以(yi)(yi)热汤”,是其(qi)一时(shi)著之(zhi)。)掌凡杀草(cao)之(zhi)政令。

{折石}蔟氏掌覆夭鸟之巢。(覆犹毁也。夭鸟,恶鸣之鸟,若。
  ○覆,旁服(fu)反(fan),注同。夭(yao),音(yin)(yin)妖,後“夭(yao)鸟”同。,于娇反(fan)。,音(yin)(yin)服(fu)。)

[疏]注“覆犹”至“”
  ○释曰:《礼记》云(yun)“无(wu)覆巢”者(zhe),谓非(fei)夭鸟(niao)者(zhe)也。此官覆毁夭鸟(niao)之(zhi)巢窠也。云(yun)“”者(zhe),之(zhi)与,二鸟(niao)俱是夜为恶鸣者(zhe)也。

以方书十日之号,十有二辰之号,十有二月之号,十有二岁之号,二十有八星之号,县其巢上,则去之。(方,版也。日,谓从甲至癸。辰,谓从子至亥。月,谓从И至荼。岁,谓从摄提格至赤奋若。星,谓从角至轸。夭鸟见此五者而去,其详未闻。
  ○县,音(yin)玄。И,徐、刘(liu)并子须反。荼(tu),刘(liu)、沈音(yin)馀,李音(yin)舒,又音(yin)徒(tu)。按《尔(er)雅》“正月为(wei)И”,即(ji)《离骚》所云(yun)(yun)“摄(she)提(ti)贞于孟陬”,皆侧留反,又子侯反,《尔(er)雅》文云(yun)(yun)“十二月为(wei)涂”音(yin)徒(tu),今注作难荼(tu)二字是(shi)假借耳,当依《尔(er)雅》读。从摄(she)提(ti)格至赤奋若(ruo),《尔(er)雅》曰:“太(tai)岁在(zai)寅(yin)曰摄(she)提(ti)格,在(zai)丑曰赤奋若(ruo)。”)

[疏]注“方版”至“未闻”
  ○释(shi)曰:云“日谓从(cong)甲(jia)至(zhi)癸”者,据十而(er)言,“辰谓从(cong)子至(zhi)亥”者,据十二支(zhi)而(er)说。“月(yue)(yue)(yue),谓从(cong)И至(zhi)荼。岁(sui),谓从(cong)摄(she)提(ti)格(ge)至(zhi)赤(chi)奋若(ruo)”者,彼《尔(er)雅·释(shi)天》文(wen)“太岁(sui)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)寅曰摄(she)提(ti)格(ge),在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)卯(mao)曰单(dan)阏,在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)辰曰执徐,在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)巳曰大荒落,在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)午(wu)曰敦,在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)未曰协洽,在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)申曰滩,在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)酉曰作噩,在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)成(cheng)曰阉茂,在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)亥曰大渊献,在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)子曰困(kun)敦,在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)丑曰赤(chi)奋若(ruo)”是也(ye)(ye)。又云“正月(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)陬,二月(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)知(zhi),三月(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)病(bing),四月(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)余,五月(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)皋(gao),六月(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)且,七(qi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)相,八月(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)壮,九月(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)玄,十月(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)阳,十一月(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)辜,十二月(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)涂”是也(ye)(ye)。“星谓从(cong)角至(zhi)轸”,右(you)旋(xuan)数之。

翦氏掌除蠹物,以攻攻之,以莽草熏之,(蠹物,穿食人器物者,虫鱼亦是也。攻,祈名。莽草,药物杀虫者,以熏之则死。故书“蠹”为“”。杜子春云:“当为蠹。”
  ○蠹(du),丁(ding)故(gu)反。攻,如字,刘音贡。,音咏(yong)。莽(mang)(mang),亡荡(dang)反,又莽(mang)(mang),草药名。,刘古毛反,本或作橐,他(ta)各反。)

[疏]“翦氏”至“熏之”
  ○释曰:“以攻攻之”,据祈去其神,故以六祈而言之;“以莽章熏之”,据去其身也。
  ○注“蠹物”至“为蠹”
  ○释曰:云(yun)“虫鱼亦(yi)是(shi)”者,除蠹(du)物穿食馀器物,至於蠹(du)鱼,惟见书(shu)内有白鱼及白蠹(du)食书(shu),故云(yun)亦(yi)是(shi)也(ye)。

凡庶蛊之事。(庶,除毒蛊者。蛊,蠹之类,或熏以莽草则去。
  ○庶(shu),章预(yu)反。)

[疏]注“庶除”至“则去”
  ○释曰:翦氏(shi)(shi)主除蠹物,其蛊(gu)(gu)毒自是庶氏(shi)(shi)。今此(ci)云“凡庶蛊(gu)(gu)”者,同类(lei)(lei)相兼,左右而(er)掌(zhang)之。故郑(zheng)云“庶,除毒蛊(gu)(gu)者。蛊(gu)(gu),蠹之类(lei)(lei),或熏(xun)以(yi)莽草(cao)则(ze)去”,此(ci)郑(zheng)解翦氏(shi)(shi)兼掌(zhang)蛊(gu)(gu)之意,以(yi)其翦氏(shi)(shi)有用莽草(cao)熏(xun)蠹,是以(yi)蛊(gu)(gu)毒亦使(shi)翦氏(shi)(shi)除之也。

赤氏掌除墙屋,以蜃炭攻之,以灰洒毒之。(洒,氵丽也。除墙屋者,除虫豸藏逃其中者。蜃,大蛤也。捣其炭以分之则走,淳之以洒之则死。故书“蜃”为“晨”。郑司农云:“晨当为蜃,书亦或为蜃。”
  ○蜃,市(shi)轸(zhen)反(fan)(fan)。洒,色买反(fan)(fan),刘(liu)霜寄(ji)反(fan)(fan)。豸(zhi),直氏(shi)反(fan)(fan)。分,蒲闷(men)反(fan)(fan)。淳,之纯(chun)反(fan)(fan)。)

[疏]“赤”至“毒之”
  ○释(shi)曰(yue):赤氏掌除(chu)虫豸自(zi)(zi)藏(zang)(zang)埋者(zhe),今不(bu)指其虫豸之名,直云“除(chu)墙屋(wu)”者(zhe),以(yi)其虫豸自(zi)(zi)埋藏(zang)(zang),人所(suo)不(bu)见,故不(bu)指虫而(er)以(yi)墙屋(wu)所(suo)藏(zang)(zang)之处而(er)已。《尔雅》“有足曰(yue)虫,无足曰(yue)豸”。藏(zang)(zang)逃之类,有此二(er)者(zhe)。淳即沃也(ye),谓洒(sa)沃以(yi)汁则死(si)也(ye)。“蜃炭”,地官掌蜃,以(yi)共蜃炭。蜃炭者(zhe),谓蜃灰是也(ye)。

凡隙屋,除其虫。(虫,肌求之属。
  ○,莫皆反(fan),刘莫拜反(fan)。,草夜反(fan)。肌,居其(qi)反(fan)。求,本或作求,音求,刘音俱。)

[疏]“凡隙”至“虫”
  ○释曰:《礼记》云“如驷之过隙”,隙谓孔穴也。埋藏之虫在屋孔穴之中,故以“隙屋”言之。
  ○注“虫”至“之属”
  ○释以(yi)隙肌求,皆(jie)是自之虫也。

蝈氏掌去{圭黾}黾,焚牡{艹鞠},以灰洒之,则死。(牡{艹鞠},{艹鞠}不华者。齐鲁之间谓{圭黾}为蝈。黾,耿黾也。蝈与耿黾尤怒鸣,为聒人耳去之。
  ○去,起(qi)吕(lv)反(fan),注去之同。{圭黾},户娲反(fan)。黾,莫幸反(fan)。牡,莫口反(fan)。{艹鞠},弓六(liu)反(fan)。为聒,于伪反(fan),下古(gu)活反(fan),衔枚(mei)氏放此。)

[疏]“蝈氏”至“则死”
  ○释曰:掌去{圭黾}黾,此文与下为目也。
  ○注“牡{艹鞠}”至“去之”
  ○释曰:云(yun)“牡{艹(cao)鞠(ju)},{艹(cao)鞠(ju)}不华者”,此(ci)则《月(yue)令·季秋》云(yun)“{艹(cao)鞠(ju)}有黄华”,是牝(pin){艹(cao)鞠(ju)}也。云(yun)“齐(qi)(qi)鲁之间谓{圭(gui)黾}为(wei)蝈(guo)者,官(guan)号蝈(guo)氏,及经(jing)无(wu)云(yun)蝈(guo),故郑以齐(qi)(qi)鲁之言(yan)为(wei)证,蛙(wa)为(wei)蝈(guo),故名蝈(guo)氏也。

以其烟被之,则凡水蛊无声。(杜子春云:假令风从东方来,则於水东面为烟,令烟西行,被之水上。
  ○被,皮义反,注同。令,力呈反,注同。)

[疏]“以其”至“无声”
  ○释曰:上文云“焚牡{艹鞠},洒(sa)之(zhi)则死”,此经云“以其烟(yan)”,明(ming)还用牡{艹鞠}之(zhi)烟(yan)被之(zhi)水上也(ye)。

壶涿氏掌除水虫,以炮土之鼓驱之,以焚石投之。(水虫,狐蜮之属。故书“炮”作“泡”。杜子春读炮为“苞有苦叶”之苞。玄谓燔之炮之炮,炮土之鼓,瓦鼓也。焚石投之,使惊去。
  ○炮,步交反,注“泡(pao)”、“苞”同。蜮,音(yin)或。燔,音(yin)烦。)

[疏]注“水虫”至“惊去”
  ○释曰:云(yun)(yun)“水虫,狐蜮之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属(shu)”者,蜮即短(duan)狐,一物,南方水中有之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),含沙射人则死(si)者也(ye)(ye)。言“之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属(shu)”者,水虫众矣,故(gu)云(yun)(yun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属(shu)以包之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。子(zi)春读(du)从(cong)《诗》“苞有苦叶”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“苞”者,取其声同耳(er),不(bu)取义也(ye)(ye)。“玄谓燔(fan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)炮(pao)(pao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)炮(pao)(pao)”者,亦读(du)从(cong)《诗》,此取炮(pao)(pao)烧(shao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义,故(gu)云(yun)(yun)“炮(pao)(pao)土(tu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鼓,瓦鼓也(ye)(ye)”。云(yun)(yun)“焚(fen)石投(tou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),使惊(jing)去(qu)”者,石之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)燔(fan)烧(shao),得(de)水作声,故(gu)惊(jing)去(qu)也(ye)(ye)。

若欲杀其神,则以牡辜午贯象齿而沈之,则其神死,渊为陵。(神,谓水神龙罔象。故书“辜”为“梓”,“午”为“五”。杜子春云:“梓当为辜,辜读为枯,枯,榆木名。书或为樗。”又云:“五贯当为午贯。”
  ○辜,刘音沽(gu),杜(du)读(du)为枯,刘亦音枯,案:如杜(du)义则音枯,山榆也。梓,音子,本或作辜。樗,丑居反(fan)。)

[疏]“若欲”至“为陵”
  ○释(shi)曰:云(yun)“以牡辜(gu)午贯象齿(chi)而沈(shen)之(zhi)”者(zhe),按(an)《仪礼·大射(she)(she)》云(yun)“若丹若墨,度尺而午”,彼物(wu),射(she)(she)者(zhe)所(suo)履(lv),记(ji)安足之(zhi)处,十(shi)(shi)字为(wei)之(zhi),今此亦然,神(shen)谓(wei)(wei)水神(shen),龙(long)罔象也。“辜(gu)读为(wei)枯,枯,榆木名”,以辜(gu)为(wei)穿孔(kong),以象牙从辜(gu)贯之(zhi)为(wei)十(shi)(shi)字,沈(shen)之(zhi)水中(zhong),则其(qi)神(shen)死,渊为(wei)陵,所(suo)谓(wei)(wei)“深谷为(wei)陵”是也。

庭氏掌射国中之夭鸟。若不见其鸟兽,则以救日之弓与救月之矢射之。(不见鸟兽,谓夜来鸣呼为怪者。兽,狐狼之属。郑司农云:“救日之弓,救月之矢,谓日月食所作弓矢。”玄谓日月之食,阴阳相胜之变也,於日食则射大阴,月食则射大阳与?
  ○射,食亦反(fan),下(xia)注同。呼(hu),唤故反(fan),下(xia)文(wen)“[A14B]呼(hu)”同。大(da),音泰,下(xia)文(wen)同。与(yu),音馀。)

[疏]“庭氏”至“射之”
  ○释曰:云“掌射国中之夭鸟”者,城郭之所,人聚之处不,宜有夭鸟,故去之。
  ○注“不见”至“阳与”
  ○释曰(yue):云“兽(shou),狼狐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属”,不(bu)言鸟者,上文注(zhu)已解也。“玄谓日(ri)月(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)食(shi)(shi),阴(yin)(yin)阳相胜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)变也”者,日(ri)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)食(shi)(shi),晦(hui)朔之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间,月(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)食(shi)(shi)惟在於望。日(ri)食(shi)(shi)是(shi)阴(yin)(yin)胜阳,月(yue)食(shi)(shi)是(shi)阳胜阴(yin)(yin),未至为灾,故云阴(yin)(yin)阳相胜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)变也。所以(yi)救日(ri)月(yue)用(yong)弓(gong)矢(shi)射(she)(she)(she)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者,郑以(yi)意(yi)推量。“日(ri)食(shi)(shi)则射(she)(she)(she)大阴(yin)(yin)”者,以(yi)阴(yin)(yin)侵阳,臣侵君之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象,故射(she)(she)(she)大阴(yin)(yin)是(shi)其常(chang),不(bu)足可疑(yi)。月(yue)食(shi)(shi)是(shi)阳侵阴(yin)(yin),君侵臣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象,阳侵阴(yin)(yin)非逆,既用(yong)弓(gong),不(bu)得(de)不(bu)射(she)(she)(she),若射(she)(she)(she)当(dang)射(she)(she)(she)大阳,以(yi)是(shi)为疑(yi),故云“月(yue)食(shi)(shi),则射(she)(she)(she)大阳与”以(yi)疑(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。

若神也,则以大阴之弓与枉矢射之。(神,谓非鸟兽之声,若或叫于宋大庙讠喜讠喜出出者。太阴之弓,救月之弓,枉矢救日之矢与?不言救月之弓与救日之矢者,互言之。救日用枉矢,则救月以恒矢可知也。
  ○讠喜,许其(qi)反。诎,刘音(yin)出,本亦(yi)作出。)

[疏]“若神”至“射之”
  ○释曰:“若神也”者,谓不见其身,直闻其声,非鸟兽之神耳,则以大阴救月之弓与救日枉矢射之。
  ○注“神谓”至“知也”
  ○释曰:郑(zheng)知(zhi)“神(shen)(shen),谓非鸟(niao)兽(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)声”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)宋(song)大庙(miao)有(you)(you)声,非鸟(niao)兽(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)声,既有(you)(you)声又(you)非鸟(niao)兽(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)声,故(gu)(gu)知(zhi)是(shi)(shi)神(shen)(shen)声,若(ruo)神(shen)(shen)降于莘(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类(lei)是(shi)(shi)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“若(ruo)或(huo)叫於宋(song)太(tai)庙(miao)讠(yan)喜(xi)讠(yan)喜(xi)出出者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)”,《左传》文(wen)(wen)(wen)。云(yun)(yun)“太(tai)阴(yin)救(jiu)(jiu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弓(gong)(gong),枉矢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)救(jiu)(jiu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)与(yu)(yu)(yu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),太(tai)阴(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弓(gong)(gong)为(wei)救(jiu)(jiu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弓(gong)(gong),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)与(yu)(yu)(yu),则(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)疑(yi)(yi),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)疑(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)其(qi)与(yu)(yu)(yu)经云(yun)(yun)“救(jiu)(jiu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弓(gong)(gong)”相对(dui),彼言(yan)(yan)(yan)救(jiu)(jiu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弓(gong)(gong),明(ming)(ming)此太(tai)阴(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弓(gong)(gong)是(shi)(shi)救(jiu)(jiu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弓(gong)(gong)可知(zhi)。若(ruo)然,上(shang)(shang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)“救(jiu)(jiu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”,则(ze)此枉矢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)救(jiu)(jiu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)可知(zhi)。而(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)(yan)“与(yu)(yu)(yu)”以(yi)疑(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),但救(jiu)(jiu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)与(yu)(yu)(yu)太(tai)阴(yin)相对(dui),故(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)疑(yi)(yi),上(shang)(shang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)救(jiu)(jiu)月(yue)(yue)(yue),此不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)太(tai)阳之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),直言(yan)(yan)(yan)枉矢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)矢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)名(ming)而(er)(er)已,故(gu)(gu)须疑(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)救(jiu)(jiu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弓(gong)(gong)与(yu)(yu)(yu)救(jiu)(jiu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)”,互(hu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),若(ruo)此文(wen)(wen)(wen)云(yun)(yun)救(jiu)(jiu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弓(gong)(gong)与(yu)(yu)(yu)救(jiu)(jiu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),为(wei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)自足,何暇须互(hu),既不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)须互(hu),则(ze)上(shang)(shang)下二文(wen)(wen)(wen)全不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)弓(gong)(gong)矢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)矣。是(shi)(shi)以(yi)互(hu)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)其(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen),欲见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)弓(gong)(gong)矢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)故(gu)(gu)也(ye)。互(hu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),上(shang)(shang)文(wen)(wen)(wen)云(yun)(yun)救(jiu)(jiu)日(ri)(ri)(ri),明(ming)(ming)太(tai)阴(yin)是(shi)(shi)救(jiu)(jiu)月(yue)(yue)(yue);此文(wen)(wen)(wen)救(jiu)(jiu)月(yue)(yue)(yue),是(shi)(shi)太(tai)阴(yin),则(ze)上(shang)(shang)文(wen)(wen)(wen)救(jiu)(jiu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)是(shi)(shi)太(tai)阳也(ye)。又(you)枉矢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)矢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)名(ming)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)救(jiu)(jiu),明(ming)(ming)有(you)(you)救(jiu)(jiu)名(ming),救(jiu)(jiu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)救(jiu)(jiu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)矢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)名(ming),明(ming)(ming)亦(yi)有(you)(you)名(ming),亦(yi)是(shi)(shi)互(hu)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“救(jiu)(jiu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)用枉矢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),则(ze)救(jiu)(jiu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)以(yi)恒(heng)(heng)矢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)可知(zhi)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)《司弓(gong)(gong)矢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)》枉矢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)最(zui)在前(qian),明(ming)(ming)救(jiu)(jiu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)矢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)当在枉矢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下,故(gu)(gu)知(zhi)救(jiu)(jiu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)用恒(heng)(heng)矢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)可知(zhi)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用庳(bi)矢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),以(yi)其(qi)庳(bi)矢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)弩所用故(gu)(gu)也(ye)。

衔枚氏掌司嚣。(察ん让者,为其聒乱在朝者之言语。
  ○嚣(xiao),五羔反(fan)(fan),下同。ん,呼丸(wan)反(fan)(fan)。朝,直(zhi)遥反(fan)(fan),下同。)

[疏]注“察嚣”至“言语”
  ○释曰:以衔(xian)枚(mei)不(bu)得语,是止ん嚣(xiao)(xiao)之官,故掌司(si)察(cha)嚣(xiao)(xiao)ん之事(shi)。

国之大祭(ji)祀(si),令(ling)禁(jin)无嚣。(令(ling),令(ling)主祭(ji)祀(si)者。)

[疏]注“令令主祭祀者”
  ○释曰:“国之(zhi)大(da)祭祀”,谓天地宗庙(miao)。令主祭祀之(zhi)官,使(shi)禁止无得ん嚣,ん嚣则不敬(jing)鬼(gui)神故也(ye)。

军旅、田役,令(ling)衔枚。(为其言语以相误。)

[疏]注“为其”至“相误”
  ○释(shi)曰:军旅(lv)、田(tian)役二者,衔枚(mei)氏出令,使六军之士皆衔枚(mei),止(zhi)言语也。

禁[A14B]呼叹呜於国中者,行歌哭於国中之道宅。(为其惑众相感动,呜,吟也。
  ○[A14B],音叫。吟,鱼今反。)

[疏]注“为其”至“吟也”
  ○释曰:此经四事皆是在道(dao)为之(zhi)(zhi),为其惑众(zhong),释[A14B]呼歌也(ye)。相(xiang)感动,解叹(tan)呜(wu)(wu)(wu)与哭(ku)也(ye)。云“呜(wu)(wu)(wu),吟也(ye)”者,以呜(wu)(wu)(wu)与叹(tan)相(xiang)连(lian),则(ze)呜(wu)(wu)(wu)是叹(tan)之(zhi)(zhi)类,故知呜(wu)(wu)(wu)吟也(ye)。

伊耆氏掌国之大祭祀,共其杖咸,(咸读为函。老臣虽杖於朝,事鬼神尚敬,去之。有司以此函藏之,既事乃授之。
  ○函,音(yin)咸。去,起吕反。)

[疏]注“咸读”至“授之”
  ○释曰(yue):下二(er)文(wen)云授杖(zhang)(zhang),此经惟言其杖(zhang)(zhang)函,止(zhi)谓(wei)祭祀时,臣虽(sui)老,合杖(zhang)(zhang),但为祭祀尚(shang)敬,暂去之。去杖(zhang)(zhang)之时,共杖(zhang)(zhang)函盛(sheng)之。祭祀讫,还与老臣拄(zhu)之。老臣虽(sui)杖(zhang)(zhang)於(wu)朝(chao),事鬼神尚(shang)敬,去之,谓(wei)七(qi)十(shi)有德(de),君不许致仕(shi)者也(ye)。《王制》云“七(qi)十(shi)杖(zhang)(zhang)於(wu)国,八(ba)十(shi)杖(zhang)(zhang)於(wu)朝(chao)”,谓(wei)得致仕(shi)者,与此异也(ye)。

军旅,授有爵者杖。(别吏卒,且以扶尊者。将军杖钺。
  ○别(bie),彼烈反(fan)。卒,子(zi)忽反(fan)。杖(zhang),直(zhi)亮反(fan),又音(yin)丈(zhang)。钺,音(yin)越。)

[疏]注“别吏”至“杖钺”
  ○释曰:此(ci)谓(wei)在军(jun)(jun)之(zhi)时。有爵(jue),谓(wei)士(shi)(shi)以(yi)上。若然(ran),自伍长下(xia)士(shi)(shi)、两司马(ma)中士(shi)(shi)、卒(zu)帅上士(shi)(shi)、旅帅下(xia)大夫、师帅中大夫等并(bing)得杖(zhang)(zhang)。云(yun)“别吏卒(zu)”者,吏则命士(shi)(shi)以(yi)上,卒(zu),谓(wei)一(yi)乘车,步卒(zu)七(qi)十(shi)二人等,若然(ran),甲士(shi)(shi)三人,亦(yi)是(shi)民之(zhi)无爵(jue),亦(yi)与步卒(zu)同(tong)无杖(zhang)(zhang)也。知(zhi)“将(jiang)军(jun)(jun)杖(zhang)(zhang)钺”者,今文《泰誓》“师尚父左杖(zhang)(zhang)黄钺,右把白(bai)旄”,是(shi)将(jiang)军(jun)(jun)杖(zhang)(zhang)钺之(zhi)事也。

共王(wang)之齿杖(zhang)(zhang)。(王(wang)之所(suo)以(yi)(yi)赐老者(zhe)之杖(zhang)(zhang)。郑司农云:“谓年七(qi)十(shi)当以(yi)(yi)王(wang)命受(shou)杖(zhang)(zhang)者(zhe),今时亦命之为王(wang)杖(zhang)(zhang)。”玄谓《王(wang)制(zhi)》曰(yue):“五十(shi)杖(zhang)(zhang)於(wu)(wu)家,六十(shi)杖(zhang)(zhang)於(wu)(wu)乡,七(qi)十(shi)杖(zhang)(zhang)於(wu)(wu)国,八十(shi)杖(zhang)(zhang)於(wu)(wu)朝。”)

[疏]注“王之”至“於朝”
  ○释曰:既“共王(wang)(wang)之齿杖(zhang)”,明(ming)皆据(ju)王(wang)(wang)赐老者之杖(zhang)而(er)言,若不(bu)得王(wang)(wang)赐者,自拄之也。先郑惟据(ju)七十(shi),故(gu)後郑增成之,引《王(wang)(wang)制》为证也。

大行人掌大灾之礼及大客之仪,以亲诸侯。(大灾,要服以内诸侯。大客,谓其孤卿。
  ○要,於遥反,下文及注同。)

[疏]“大行”至“诸侯”
  ○释曰:此经与下经为目。大宾言礼亦有仪,大客言仪亦有礼。言礼,据其始为本;言仪,据威仪为先。云“以亲诸侯”者,《易》云“先王以建万国,亲诸侯”,则朝聘往来是也。
  ○注“大宾”至“孤卿”
  ○释曰(yue):言(yan)(yan)(yan)“要服(fu)(fu)以内诸侯(hou)”者,对(dui)要服(fu)(fu)已外为(wei)(wei)小(xiao)(xiao)宾,下文(wen)云(yun)“九州之(zhi)外,谓之(zhi)蕃国,世(shi)壹见”是也。云(yun)“大(da)客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),谓其(qi)孤(gu)(gu)卿(qing)”者,谓还是大(da)宾下孤(gu)(gu)卿(qing),对(dui)《小(xiao)(xiao)行人》所云(yun)“小(xiao)(xiao)客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)则受币听其(qi)辞”者为(wei)(wei)小(xiao)(xiao)客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)孤(gu)(gu)卿(qing)者,据大(da)国得(de)立孤(gu)(gu)一人,孤(gu)(gu)来聘(pin)(pin),侯(hou)伯已下无(wu)孤(gu)(gu),使(shi)(shi)卿(qing)来聘(pin)(pin)。不(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)大(da)夫士者,殷聘(pin)(pin)使(shi)(shi)卿(qing),时聘(pin)(pin)使(shi)(shi)大(da)夫,士虽不(bu)得(de)特聘(pin)(pin),为(wei)(wei)介来,亦(yi)入客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)中(zhong)。故下云(yun)“诸侯(hou)之(zhi)卿(qing),其(qi)礼各下其(qi)君二等,大(da)夫士亦(yi)如之(zhi)”。是皆得(de)为(wei)(wei)客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)。但据大(da)聘(pin)(pin),略据尊者而言(yan)(yan)(yan)也。此大(da)宾大(da)客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)尊卑异,故言(yan)(yan)(yan)“及”以殊之(zhi)。此宾客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)相对(dui)则别,散文(wen)则通。是以《大(da)司徒(tu)》云(yun)“大(da)宾客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),则令野道(dao)委积(ji)”,宾亦(yi)名客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)。《小(xiao)(xiao)司徒(tu)》云(yun)“小(xiao)(xiao)宾客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),令野道(dao)委”,则客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)亦(yi)名宾,是宾客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)通也。

春朝诸侯而图天下之事,秋觐以比邦国之功,夏宗以陈天下之谟,冬遇以协诸侯之虑,时会以发四方之禁,殷同以施天下之政。(此六事者,以王见诸侯为文。图、比、陈、协,皆考绩之言。王者春见诸侯则图其事之可否,秋见诸侯则比其功之高下,夏见诸侯则陈其谋之是非,冬见诸侯则合其虑之异同。六服以其朝岁,四时分来,更迭如此而彳扁。时会即时见也,无常期。诸侯有不顺服者,王将有征讨之事,则既朝,王命为坛於国外合,诸侯而发禁命事焉。禁,谓九伐之法。殷同即殷见也。王十二岁一巡守,若不巡守则殷同。殷同者,六服尽朝,既朝,王亦命为坛於国外,合诸侯而命其政。政谓邦国之九法。殷同,四方四时分来,岁终则彳扁矣。九伐九法皆在《司马职》。《司马法》曰:“春以礼朝诸侯,图同事。夏以礼宗诸侯,陈同谋。秋以礼觐诸侯,比同功。冬以礼遇诸侯,图同虑。时以礼会诸侯,施同政。殷以礼宗诸侯,发同禁。”
  ○朝,直遥反,後皆同(tong)。比,毗志反,注(zhu)同(tong)。春见,徐贤遍(bian)反,戚如字,夏秋冬放此。更,音(yin)庚(geng)。迭(die),直结反。彳(chi)扁,音(yin)遍(bian),下(xia)文注(zhu)皆同(tong)。时见,贤彳(chi)扁反,下(xia)“殷见”同(tong)。伐,如字,刘(liu)扶发反。)

[疏]“春朝”至“之政”
  ○释曰:此六者,诸侯朝觐天子,春秋冬夏、时会殷同,各自相对为文。春秋冬夏虽相对为文,及其受之处所,则春夏为阳,秋冬为阴,以类同处,是以郑注《曲礼》云:“春夏受挚於朝、受享於庙,生气,文也,故两处受之。秋冬一受之於庙,杀气,质也,故一处受之。至於时会、殷同,自在国外,为坛受之耳。”
  ○注“此六”至“同禁”
  ○释曰(yue)(yue):云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“此(ci)六(liu)(liu)事(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)王(wang)(wang)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)为文(wen)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)六(liu)(liu)事(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),有考(kao)绩(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi),故(gu)王(wang)(wang)下见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)为文(wen)。《大(da)(da)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)伯》无事(shi)(shi)相见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),故(gu)以(yi)(yi)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)王(wang)(wang)为文(wen),故(gu)言(yan)“春(chun)(chun)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)曰(yue)(yue)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao),夏(xia)(xia)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)曰(yue)(yue)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“图、比、陈(chen)、协(xie),皆(jie)(jie)考(kao)绩(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),事(shi)(shi)功(gong)谟虑(lv)禁政,是(shi)(shi)(shi)考(kao)校功(gong)绩(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)语,故(gu)知(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)考(kao)绩(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“春(chun)(chun)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)则(ze)(ze)(ze)图其(qi)(qi)事(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可否”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)事(shi)(shi)由春(chun)(chun)始,故(gu)图事(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“秋见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)则(ze)(ze)(ze)比其(qi)(qi)功(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)高(gao)下”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),秋时(shi)(shi)物成,故(gu)校比其(qi)(qi)功(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)高(gao)下,以(yi)(yi)行(xing)赏(shang)罚也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“夏(xia)(xia)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)陈(chen)其(qi)(qi)谋(mou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)非(fei)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),夏(xia)(xia)物盛大(da)(da),形体皆(jie)(jie)异,可分(fen)(fen)别,故(gu)陈(chen)天下诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)谋(mou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)非(fei)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“冬见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)则(ze)(ze)(ze)合其(qi)(qi)虑(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)异同(tong)(tong)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),冬物伏藏,故(gu)合其(qi)(qi)虑(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)异同(tong)(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)四(si)(si)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),皆(jie)(jie)因四(si)(si)时(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)为名也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“六(liu)(liu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui),四(si)(si)时(shi)(shi)分(fen)(fen)来(lai)(lai),更(geng)迭如(ru)此(ci)而(er)(er)(er)彳扁(bian)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)六(liu)(liu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)下文(wen)依服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)数来(lai)(lai)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao),则(ze)(ze)(ze)有不(bu)(bu)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。四(si)(si)时(shi)(shi)分(fen)(fen)来(lai)(lai)更(geng)迭而(er)(er)(er)彳扁(bian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),假(jia)令侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)年(nian)年(nian)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao),春(chun)(chun)东(dong)方(fang)来(lai)(lai),夏(xia)(xia)南(nan)(nan)方(fang)来(lai)(lai),秋西方(fang)来(lai)(lai),冬北(bei)(bei)方(fang)来(lai)(lai),甸(dian)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)二岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)一(yi)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),亦(yi)春(chun)(chun)东(dong)、夏(xia)(xia)南(nan)(nan)、秋西、冬北(bei)(bei),男服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)三岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)一(yi)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),当(dang)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)亦(yi)然,采(cai)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、卫服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、要服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)皆(jie)(jie)然,四(si)(si)方(fang)四(si)(si)分(fen)(fen),更(geng)互递代来(lai)(lai)而(er)(er)(er)彳扁(bian)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“时(shi)(shi)会即(ji)时(shi)(shi)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《大(da)(da)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)伯》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“时(shi)(shi)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)”,故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)即(ji)时(shi)(shi)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“无常(chang)期,诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)有不(bu)(bu)顺服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),王(wang)(wang)将有征讨(tao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi),则(ze)(ze)(ze)既(ji)(ji)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao),王(wang)(wang)命为坛(tan)(tan)於(wu)国外,合诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)而(er)(er)(er)发禁命事(shi)(shi)焉”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),无常(chang)期者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),假(jia)令一(yi)方(fang)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),或(huo)一(yi)国或(huo)五国谋(mou)叛不(bu)(bu)顺,王(wang)(wang)命馀(yu)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)并(bing)来(lai)(lai),并(bing)兵众而(er)(er)(er)至,一(yi)则(ze)(ze)(ze)自(zi)明(ming)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),二则(ze)(ze)(ze)助王(wang)(wang)讨(tao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)既(ji)(ji)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)有不(bu)(bu)当(dang)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),则(ze)(ze)(ze)就(jiu)国外坛(tan)(tan)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)而(er)(er)(er)已。是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)《司(si)仪》与(yu)《觐礼(li)(li)》有坛(tan)(tan)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa),若(ruo)(ruo)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)来(lai)(lai)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),次当(dang)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),则(ze)(ze)(ze)於(wu)国内依常(chang)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa),既(ji)(ji)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)乃(nai)向外就(jiu)坛(tan)(tan),行(xing)盟载之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)既(ji)(ji)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)。既(ji)(ji)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao),当(dang)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)王(wang)(wang)命为坛(tan)(tan)於(wu)国外,合诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)而(er)(er)(er)发禁命事(shi)(shi)焉者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《司(si)仪》所云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“禁,谓九(jiu)(jiu)伐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《大(da)(da)司(si)马》所云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)九(jiu)(jiu)伐是(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“殷(yin)(yin)(yin)同(tong)(tong)即(ji)殷(yin)(yin)(yin)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《大(da)(da)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)伯》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“殷(yin)(yin)(yin)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)曰(yue)(yue)同(tong)(tong)”,故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)即(ji)殷(yin)(yin)(yin)见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“王(wang)(wang)十(shi)二岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)一(yi)巡(xun)守(shou)(shou)(shou),若(ruo)(ruo)不(bu)(bu)巡(xun)守(shou)(shou)(shou)则(ze)(ze)(ze)殷(yin)(yin)(yin)同(tong)(tong)。殷(yin)(yin)(yin)同(tong)(tong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),六(liu)(liu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)尽(jin)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),郑必知(zhi)王(wang)(wang)不(bu)(bu)巡(xun)守(shou)(shou)(shou)即(ji)行(xing)殷(yin)(yin)(yin)同(tong)(tong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),下文(wen)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“十(shi)有二岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui),王(wang)(wang)巡(xun)守(shou)(shou)(shou)殷(yin)(yin)(yin)国”,殷(yin)(yin)(yin)国与(yu)巡(xun)守(shou)(shou)(shou)连(lian)文(wen),明(ming)同(tong)(tong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)十(shi)二岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)。若(ruo)(ruo)王(wang)(wang)巡(xun)守(shou)(shou)(shou),何(he)须殷(yin)(yin)(yin)同(tong)(tong),明(ming)不(bu)(bu)巡(xun)守(shou)(shou)(shou),乃(nai)殷(yin)(yin)(yin)同(tong)(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“既(ji)(ji)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao),王(wang)(wang)亦(yi)命为坛(tan)(tan)於(wu)国外,合诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)而(er)(er)(er)命其(qi)(qi)政”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)时(shi)(shi)六(liu)(liu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)尽(jin)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)於(wu)坛(tan)(tan),而(er)(er)(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)既(ji)(ji)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),是(shi)(shi)(shi)当(dang)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)在国朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao),既(ji)(ji)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)乃(nai)更(geng)於(wu)坛(tan)(tan)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao),如(ru)时(shi)(shi)会然。若(ruo)(ruo)然,十(shi)二年(nian)唯卫服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)非(fei)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui),则(ze)(ze)(ze)既(ji)(ji)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)、甸(dian)、男、采(cai)、要皆(jie)(jie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“殷(yin)(yin)(yin)同(tong)(tong),四(si)(si)方(fang)四(si)(si)时(shi)(shi)分(fen)(fen)来(lai)(lai),岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)终(zhong)则(ze)(ze)(ze)彳扁(bian)矣(yi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),春(chun)(chun)东(dong)方(fang)六(liu)(liu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)尽(jin)来(lai)(lai),夏(xia)(xia)南(nan)(nan)方(fang)六(liu)(liu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)尽(jin)来(lai)(lai),秋西方(fang)六(liu)(liu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)尽(jin)来(lai)(lai),冬北(bei)(bei)方(fang)六(liu)(liu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)尽(jin)来(lai)(lai),是(shi)(shi)(shi)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)终(zhong)则(ze)(ze)(ze)彳扁(bian)矣(yi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“九(jiu)(jiu)伐九(jiu)(jiu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)皆(jie)(jie)在《司(si)马职》”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),按(an)《大(da)(da)司(si)马》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“掌建邦(bang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)九(jiu)(jiu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa),以(yi)(yi)佐(zuo)王(wang)(wang)平邦(bang)国,制畿封国,以(yi)(yi)正(zheng)邦(bang)国”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。九(jiu)(jiu)伐者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),彼又云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“以(yi)(yi)九(jiu)(jiu)伐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)正(zheng)邦(bang)国,冯弱犯(fan)寡则(ze)(ze)(ze)眚之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“《司(si)马法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)》曰(yue)(yue)”以(yi)(yi)下,彼四(si)(si)时(shi)(shi)春(chun)(chun)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)事(shi)(shi),夏(xia)(xia)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)谋(mou),秋云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)功(gong),冬云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)虑(lv),与(yu)此(ci)同(tong)(tong),惟时(shi)(shi)会言(yan)施同(tong)(tong)政,殷(yin)(yin)(yin)同(tong)(tong)言(yan)发同(tong)(tong)禁,二者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)与(yu)此(ci)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),欲见(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)二者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)更(geng)互而(er)(er)(er)有,故(gu)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

时聘以结诸侯之好,殷ぽ以除邦国之慝,(此二事者,亦以王见诸侯之臣使来者为文也。时聘者,亦无常期,天子有事,诸侯使大夫来聘,亲以礼见之,礼而遣之,所以结其恩好也。天子无事则已。殷ぽ,谓一服朝之岁也。慝犹恶也。一服朝之岁,五服诸侯皆使卿以聘礼来ぽ天子,天子以礼见之,命以政禁之事,所以除其恶行。
  ○好,呼(hu)报(bao)反,注同。ぽ,通吊反。慝,吐(tu)得反。使来,色(se)吏(li)反。行,下孟反。)

[疏]注“此二”至“恶行”
  ○释曰(yue)(yue):云(yun)(yun)“此(ci)(ci)二(er)事(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)”,言(yan)“亦(yi)(yi)”,亦(yi)(yi)上诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)也。是“亦(yi)(yi)以(yi)王(wang)见(jian)(jian)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)之臣使(shi)来(lai)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)文”。此(ci)(ci)亦(yi)(yi),对《宗伯(bo)(bo)》。彼无(wu)考绩之事(shi)(shi)(shi),直相见(jian)(jian),故云(yun)(yun)“时聘(pin)(pin)(pin)曰(yue)(yue)问、殷ぽ曰(yue)(yue)视”,以(yi)见(jian)(jian)王(wang)为(wei)文。此(ci)(ci)有(you)好慝(ni)之事(shi)(shi)(shi),故以(yi)王(wang)下见(jian)(jian)为(wei)文。云(yun)(yun)“时聘(pin)(pin)(pin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),亦(yi)(yi)无(wu)常期”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),亦(yi)(yi)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)云(yun)(yun)时会也。云(yun)(yun)“天(tian)子(zi)有(you)事(shi)(shi)(shi),诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)使(shi)大(da)夫(fu)来(lai)聘(pin)(pin)(pin),亲以(yi)礼见(jian)(jian)之,礼而遣之,所以(yi)结恩好也”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)(ci)谓时会之年(nian),当方(fang)有(you)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)不(bu)顺服(fu),当方(fang)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)来(lai),馀方(fang)无(wu)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)不(bu)顺之事(shi)(shi)(shi),身不(bu)来(lai),即大(da)夫(fu)来(lai)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)天(tian)子(zi),亦(yi)(yi)有(you)兵至(zhi),助王(wang)讨(tao)逆。云(yun)(yun)“天(tian)子(zi)无(wu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)则已”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)(ci)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)事(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)有(you)事(shi)(shi)(shi),若王(wang)无(wu)事(shi)(shi)(shi),则不(bu)来(lai)也。“殷ぽ谓一服(fu)朝(chao)之岁也”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),按《宗伯(bo)(bo)》注(zhu)云(yun)(yun):“一服(fu)朝(chao),在元(yuan)年(nian)、七年(nian)、十一年(nian)。”以(yi)其朝(chao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)少,聘(pin)(pin)(pin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)多,故亦(yi)(yi)得称殷,殷,众(zhong)也。知亦(yi)(yi)“命以(yi)政禁(jin)之事(shi)(shi)(shi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)其言(yan)除邦国之慝(ni),大(da)司马(ma)九法九伐,平正邦国,所以(yi)除恶。既言(yan)除慝(ni),明(ming)亦(yi)(yi)命以(yi)政禁(jin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也。

间问以谕诸侯之志,归以交诸侯之福,贺庆以赞诸侯之喜,致礻会以补诸侯之灾。(此四者,王使臣於诸侯之礼也。间问者,间岁一问诸侯,谓存省之属。谕诸侯之志者,谕言语、谕书名其类也。交,或往或来者也。赞,助也。致礻会,凶礼之吊礼礻会礼也。补诸侯灾者,若《春秋》“澶渊之会,谋归宋财”。
  ○间,间厕之(zhi)间,注同。,上(shang)忍反。礻(shi)会,音会。澶,市然反。)

[疏]“间问”至“之灾”
  ○释曰:此经天子於诸侯之法,即下文云“王之所以抚邦国”已下是也。此云“之”者,以上二经已言诸侯见王之法,故先略言王施恩於诸侯之礼。
  ○注“此四”至“宋财”
  ○释曰:云(yun)“此(ci)(ci)四(si)者(zhe)(zhe),王(wang)(wang)使臣於(wu)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),对(dui)上是(shi)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)及臣见(jian)王(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li),故云(yun)此(ci)(ci)以(yi)(yi)对(dui)彼。“间问(wen)者(zhe)(zhe),间岁(sui)(sui)一问(wen)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),谓存(cun)省之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属(shu)”者(zhe)(zhe),按(an)下文(wen)云(yun)“岁(sui)(sui)彳(chi)扁(bian)存(cun),三岁(sui)(sui)彳(chi)扁(bian)ぽ,五岁(sui)(sui)彳(chi)扁(bian)省,七岁(sui)(sui)属(shu)象胥,九岁(sui)(sui)属(shu)瞽史,十(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)一岁(sui)(sui)达瑞节(jie)”,并是(shi)间岁(sui)(sui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi),故郑云(yun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属(shu)以(yi)(yi)包之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)“谕(yu)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志者(zhe)(zhe),谕(yu)言语、谕(yu)书名其类(lei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),彼仍有(you)(you)(you)(you)协(xie)辞(ci)命之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等,故云(yun)其类(lei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“交,或往或来(lai)者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),欲见(jian)臣有(you)(you)(you)(you)祭祀(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi),亦(yi)得(de)(de)归胙(zuo)於(wu)王(wang)(wang),故《玉藻》云(yun)“臣致(zhi)膳(shan)於(wu)君,有(you)(you)(you)(you)荤(hun)桃”,亦(yi)归胙(zuo)於(wu)王(wang)(wang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。按(an)《宗(zong)(zong)伯(bo)》云(yun),番(fan),本施同姓(xing),尊(zun)二(er)(er)(er)代(dai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)後,亦(yi)得(de)(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。故僖(xi)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)四(si)年(nian),“宋(song)成公(gong)如楚,还入郑,郑伯(bo)将享之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),问(wen)礼(li)於(wu)皇武(wu)子(zi)。对(dui)曰:‘宋(song),先(xian)代(dai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)後也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),於(wu)周为(wei)客,天(tian)子(zi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)事(shi)(shi)番(fan)焉(yan)(yan),有(you)(you)(you)(you)丧拜焉(yan)(yan)。’”僖(xi)九年(nian)“王(wang)(wang)使宰(zai)孔赐齐侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)胙(zuo),曰:‘天(tian)子(zi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)事(shi)(shi)于文(wen)武(wu),使孔赐伯(bo)舅胙(zuo)。’”注(zhu)云(yun)“周礼(li)番(fan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li),亲(qin)兄弟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)国,不(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)赐异姓(xing)。尊(zun)齐侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),客之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)若先(xian)代(dai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)後”,是(shi)其事(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)言,不(bu)(bu)言番(fan),文(wen)不(bu)(bu)具。云(yun)“致(zhi)礻(shi)会(hui),凶(xiong)礼(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)吊(diao)礼(li)礻(shi)会(hui)礼(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),按(an)《宗(zong)(zong)伯(bo)》云(yun)以(yi)(yi)礻(shi)会(hui)礼(li)哀国败,此(ci)(ci)灾亦(yi)云(yun)礻(shi)会(hui)者(zhe)(zhe),同是(shi)会(hui)合财货,故灾亦(yi)称礻(shi)会(hui)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“澶渊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)会(hui),谋(mou)归宋(song)财”者(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)(ci)事(shi)(shi)见(jian)襄公(gong)三十(shi)年(nian)《左氏传》,彼以(yi)(yi)宋(song)遭灾,诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)大夫(fu)(fu)谋(mou)归宋(song)财补不(bu)(bu)足,故取为(wei)证补灾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。按(an)《宗(zong)(zong)伯(bo)》“贺庆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)亲(qin)异姓(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)国”,此(ci)(ci)云(yun)“诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)”者(zhe)(zhe),欲见(jian)庶(shu)姓(xing)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)有(you)(you)(you)(you)恩(en)亦(yi)施及之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)故也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。按(an)《宗(zong)(zong)伯(bo)》嘉(jia)礼(li)有(you)(you)(you)(you)六,此(ci)(ci)惟(wei)施二(er)(er)(er)者(zhe)(zhe),但此(ci)(ci)二(er)(er)(er)者(zhe)(zhe)可施与(yu)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),其馀(yu)饮食(shi)、冠(guan)婚、飨燕,直制法行(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),非归与(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li),故不(bu)(bu)言也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若然(ran),彼《宗(zong)(zong)伯(bo)》凶(xiong)礼(li)有(you)(you)(you)(you)五,此(ci)(ci)唯言吊(diao)礼(li),馀(yu)四(si)者(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)言者(zhe)(zhe),行(xing)人(ren)唯主(zhu)吊(diao)法,馀(yu)礼(li)盖自有(you)(you)(you)(you)人(ren)主(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),故此(ci)(ci)不(bu)(bu)言也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。隐(yin)元年(nian)“宰(zai)亘(gen)来(lai)归惠公(gong)仲子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”,服氏云(yun):“亘(gen),天(tian)子(zi)宰(zai)夫(fu)(fu)。”是(shi)宰(zai)夫(fu)(fu)主(zhu)赙之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi),是(shi)其别主(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类(lei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

以(yi)九仪辨(bian)诸侯之(zhi)(zhi)命,等诸臣之(zhi)(zhi)爵;以(yi)同(tong)邦国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)礼,而待其宾客。(九仪,谓命者(zhe)五,公(gong)、侯、伯、子、男也(ye)。爵者(zhe)四,孤、卿、大夫、士也(ye)。)

[疏]“以九”至“宾客”
  ○释曰:此经与下为目,下文(wen)有五等(deng)(deng)诸侯(hou),次有孤执皮帛(bo),次诸侯(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)卿,下其君(jun)二等(deng)(deng),次有大夫士亦(yi)如(ru)之(zhi)(zhi),是列五等(deng)(deng)四命等(deng)(deng)爵(jue),故郑(zheng)云“命者五,公侯(hou)伯子男也,爵(jue)者四,孤卿大夫士也。

上公之礼,执桓圭九寸,缫藉九寸,冕服九章,建常九ヵ,樊缨九就,贰车九乘,介九人,礼九牢,其朝位,宾主之间九十步,立当车轵,摈者五人,庙中将币三享,王礼再而酢,飨礼九献,食礼九举,出入五积,三问三劳。诸侯之礼,执信圭七寸,缫藉七寸,冕服七章,建常七ヵ,樊缨七就,贰车七乘,介七人,礼七牢,朝位宾主之间七十步,立当前疾,摈者四人,庙中将币三享,王礼壹而酢,飨礼七献,食礼七举,出入四积,再问再劳。诸伯执躬圭,其他皆如诸侯之礼。诸子执璧五寸,缫藉五寸,冕服五章,建常五ヵ,樊缨五就,贰车五乘,介五人,礼五牢,朝位宾主之间五十步,立当车衡,摈者三人,庙中将币三享,王礼壹不酢,飨礼五献,食礼五举,出入三积,壹问壹劳。诸男执蒲璧,其他皆如诸子之礼。(缫藉,以五采韦衣板,若奠玉,则以藉之。冕服,著冕所服之衣也。九章者,自山龙以下。七章者,自华虫以下。五章者,自宗彝以下也。常,旌ヵ也。ヵ,其属参垂者也。樊缨,马饰也,以饰之,每一处五采备为一就。就,成也。贰,副也。介,辅已行礼者也。礼,大礼饔饩也。三牲备为一牢。朝位,谓大门外宾下车及王车出迎所立处也。王始立大门内,交摈三辞乃乘车而迎之,齐仆为之节。上公立当轵,侯伯立当疾,子男立当衡,王立当轸与?庙,受命祖之庙也。飨,设盛礼以饮宾也。问,问不恙也。劳,谓苦倦之也。皆有礼,以币致之。故书“”作“果”。郑司农云:“车轵,轵也。三享,三献也。读为灌。再灌,再饮公也。而酢,报饮王也。举,举乐也。出入五积,谓馈之刍米也。前疾,谓驷马车辕前胡下垂柱地者。”玄谓三享皆束帛加璧,庭实惟国所有。《朝士仪》曰:“奉国地所出重物而献之,明臣职也。”朝先享,不言朝者,朝正礼,不嫌有等也。王礼,王以郁鬯礼宾也。《郁人职》曰:“凡祭祀宾客之事,和郁鬯以实彝而陈之。”礼者使宗伯摄酌圭瓒而,王既拜送爵,又摄酌璋瓒而,后又拜送爵,是谓再。再宾乃酢王也。礼侯伯一而酢者,宾,宾酢王而已,后不也。礼子男一不酢者,宾而已,不酢王也。不酢之礼,《聘礼》礼宾是与?九举,举牲体九饭也。出入,谓从来讫去也。每积有牢礼米禾刍薪,凡数不同者,皆降杀。
  ○缫,音(yin)(yin)(yin)藻。藉(jie),在夜反(fan)(fan)(fan),下(xia)(xia)(xia)及(ji)注(zhu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。ヵ,音(yin)(yin)(yin)留,下(xia)(xia)(xia)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。樊(fan),畔于反(fan)(fan)(fan),下(xia)(xia)(xia)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。乘,绳证反(fan)(fan)(fan),下(xia)(xia)(xia)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。介,音(yin)(yin)(yin)界,下(xia)(xia)(xia)及(ji)注(zhu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。轵,之氏反(fan)(fan)(fan),或(huo)居(ju)氏反(fan)(fan)(fan)。摈,必(bi)刃反(fan)(fan)(fan),後皆同(tong)(tong)(tong)。,古乱反(fan)(fan)(fan)。酢,才洛反(fan)(fan)(fan)。食(shi)礼,音(yin)(yin)(yin)嗣,下(xia)(xia)(xia)及(ji)注(zhu)皆同(tong)(tong)(tong)。积,子赐反(fan)(fan)(fan),後皆同(tong)(tong)(tong)。劳,老(lao)报反(fan)(fan)(fan),下(xia)(xia)(xia)及(ji)注(zhu)并《小行人》、《司仪职》放此。信,音(yin)(yin)(yin)申,後“信圭(gui)”同(tong)(tong)(tong)。衣(yi)板,於既(ji)反(fan)(fan)(fan)。著,丁(ding)略反(fan)(fan)(fan)。属,章玉(yu)反(fan)(fan)(fan)。参,音(yin)(yin)(yin)衫。,居(ju)例(li)反(fan)(fan)(fan)。齐(qi),侧皆反(fan)(fan)(fan)。与,音(yin)(yin)(yin)馀,下(xia)(xia)(xia)“是与”、“步与”皆同(tong)(tong)(tong)。饮,於鸩反(fan)(fan)(fan),下(xia)(xia)(xia)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。恙,羊尚(shang)反(fan)(fan)(fan)。饣鬼,本(ben)又(you)作馈,来位反(fan)(fan)(fan),徐纪畏反(fan)(fan)(fan)。柱,张(zhang)矩反(fan)(fan)(fan)。饭,扶晚反(fan)(fan)(fan)。杀,色界反(fan)(fan)(fan)。)

[疏]“上公”至“之礼”
  ○释曰:此一经总列五等诸侯来朝天子,天子以礼迎待之法。云“上公之礼”至“三问三劳”,遍论上公之礼。但上公之礼一句,总与下为目。“执桓圭九寸,缫藉九寸”,此主行朝礼,於朝所执,其服则皮弁。若行三享,则执璧瑞。自“冕服九章”已下至“将币三享”,见行三享已前之事。自“王礼”已下至“三劳”,见王礼,注公之礼。云“执桓圭九寸”者,以桓楹为饰。“缫藉九寸”者,所以藉玉。“冕服九章”者,衮龙已下,衣五章,裳四章。“建常九ヵ”者,但对文,日月为常,交龙为,而云“常”者,常,总称,故号为常也。“樊缨九就”者,樊马腹带。缨,马鞅,以五采饰之而九成。“贰车九乘”者,按《觐礼记》云“偏驾不入王门”,郑云:“在傍与已同曰偏,同姓金路,异姓象路,四卫革路,蕃国本路。”此等不入王门,舍於馆,乘墨车龙以朝。彼据《觐礼》。觐礼天子不下堂而见诸侯,故诸侯不得申偏驾。今此春夏受贽在朝,无迎法,亦应偏驾不来。今行朝後,行三享在庙,天子亲迎,并申上服,明乘金路之等。若不申上车,何得有樊缨九就之等,以此知皆乘所得之车也。但贰车所饰无文,未知诸侯贰车得与上车同否?但数依命,九乘、七乘、五乘。“介九人”者,陈於大门外,宾北面时,介皆西北陈之也。“礼九牢”者,此谓饔饩大礼,朝享後乃陈於馆,以数有九,故进之与介同在上。“其朝位,宾主之间九十步”者,上公去门九十步,王未迎之时,在大门内与宾相去之数也。“立当车轵”者,轵,谓毂末。车辕北向,在西边,亦去大门九十步。公於车东,东西相望,当毂末。“摈者五人”者,大宗伯为上摈,小行人为承摈,啬夫为末摈,其馀二人是士。“庙中将币三享”者,此谓行朝礼在朝讫,乃行三享在庙,乃有此迎宾之法也。“王礼”者,此与下为目,则自此已下皆王礼耳。“再而酢”者,大宗伯代王宾,君不酌臣故也。次宗伯又代后宾。讫,宾以玉爵酢王。是再而酢也。“飨礼九献”者,谓後日王速宾,宾来就庙中行飨。飨者,亨大牢以饮宾,设几而不倚,爵盈而不饮。飨以训恭俭。九献者,王酌献宾,宾酢主人,主人酬宾,酬後更八献,是为九献。“食礼九举”者,亦享大牢以食宾,无酒,行食礼之时,九举牲体而食毕。“出入五积”者,谓在路供宾,来去皆五积,视飧牵,但牵牲布之於道。“三问”者,按《司仪》,诸公相为宾,云:“主国五积三问,皆三辞,拜受,皆旅摈。”注云:“间阔则问,行道则劳,其礼皆使卿大夫致之。”若然,天子於诸侯之礼,亦当使卿大夫问之,亦有礼以致之,所行三处,亦当与三劳同处也。“三劳”者,按《小行人》,逆劳於畿。按《觐礼》云:“至于郊,王使人皮弁用璧劳。”注云:“郊谓近郊。”其远郊劳无文,但近郊与畿,大小行人劳,则远郊劳,亦使大行人也。按《书传略说》云:“天子太子年十八,授孟侯。孟侯者,四方诸侯来朝,迎於郊。”或可远郊劳,使世子为之,是以《孝经》注亦云“世子郊迎”。郊迎,即郊劳也。彼虽据夏法,周亦然。诸侯之礼者,馀文云“诸侯”者兼五等,而此诸侯,惟据单侯也。其礼皆降上公二等。又自摈者已下,亦皆降杀。
  ○注“缫藉”至“降杀”
  ○释曰:云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“缫藉(jie)(jie),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)五采(cai)(cai)(cai)韦衣(yi)(yi)板”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),按(an)《聘(pin)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)记》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“公侯(hou)(hou)(hou)伯三(san)采(cai)(cai)(cai),朱、白、仓。子(zi)(zi)男(nan)(nan)(nan)二(er)采(cai)(cai)(cai),朱、绿。”《典(dian)瑞》天子(zi)(zi)乃(nai)五采(cai)(cai)(cai),此(ci)(ci)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)而言五采(cai)(cai)(cai)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)(ci)注(zhu)合三(san)采(cai)(cai)(cai)二(er)采(cai)(cai)(cai)而言五,非(fei)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)得有(you)(you)五采(cai)(cai)(cai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“若奠(dian)(dian)玉(yu)(yu),则(ze)(ze)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藉(jie)(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),按(an)《觐(jin)(jin)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》“侯(hou)(hou)(hou)氏(shi)入门(men)右,奠(dian)(dian)圭,再拜(bai)稽首”,此(ci)(ci)时(shi)奠(dian)(dian)玉(yu)(yu)则(ze)(ze)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藉(jie)(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。若然(ran),未奠(dian)(dian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi),於庙(miao)门(men)外,上(shang)介授时(shi),已有(you)(you)缫藉(jie)(jie)矣。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“冕(mian)服(fu)(fu)(fu),著(zhu)冕(mian)所(suo)(suo)服(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)衣(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),凡(fan)服(fu)(fu)(fu)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)冠冕(mian)表衣(yi)(yi),故(gu)(gu)(gu)言衣(yi)(yi)先(xian)言冕(mian)。郑(zheng)恐冕(mian)服(fu)(fu)(fu)是服(fu)(fu)(fu)此(ci)(ci)冕(mian),故(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)著(zhu)冕(mian)所(suo)(suo)服(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)衣(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“九(jiu)(jiu)章(zhang)(zhang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),自山(shan)龙以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下。七(qi)章(zhang)(zhang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),自华虫以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下。五章(zhang)(zhang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),自宗(zong)彝(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下”,已具於《司(si)服(fu)(fu)(fu)》。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“常,旌旗(qi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),郑(zheng)欲见常与(yu)(yu)(yu)旌旗(qi)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)总称,非(fei)日(ri)月为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)常者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“ヵ,其(qi)属(shu)参垂(chui)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《尔雅》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“帛纟(mi)(mi)参,练旒九(jiu)(jiu)”,正(zheng)(zheng)幅为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)纟(mi)(mi)参,谓(wei)(wei)(wei)旌旗(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)幅也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),其(qi)下属(shu)旒,故(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)属(shu)纟(mi)(mi)参垂(chui)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“樊缨,马饰(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)饰(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),每一(yi)(yi)(yi)处(chu)五采(cai)(cai)(cai)备为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)就。就,成也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)(ci)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)五采(cai)(cai)(cai)备,即(ji)《巾车(che)(che)》注(zhu)五采(cai)(cai)(cai),一(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)等(deng)(deng)(deng)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)用(yong)五采(cai)(cai)(cai),与(yu)(yu)(yu)缫藉(jie)(jie)异,似缫藉(jie)(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)绚(xuan)组(zu),亦(yi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)五采(cai)(cai)(cai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“三(san)牲备为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)牢”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《聘(pin)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》致饔饩云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“牛(niu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)、羊(yang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)、豕(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)牢”,故(gu)(gu)(gu)知也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“朝(chao)(chao)(chao)位(wei),谓(wei)(wei)(wei)大门(men)外宾(bin)(bin)(bin)下车(che)(che)及(ji)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)车(che)(che)出迎所(suo)(suo)立处(chu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),约(yue)《聘(pin)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》,在(zai)大门(men)外,去(qu)(qu)门(men)有(you)(you)立位(wei)、陈介之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)始立大门(men)内(nei)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),亦(yi)约(yue)《聘(pin)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》。《聘(pin)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》虽(sui)後亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)出迎,要陈摈(bin)(bin)介时(shi),主君(jun)在(zai)大门(men)内(nei)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)摈(bin)(bin)三(san)辞乃(nai)乘车(che)(che)而迎之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)与(yu)(yu)(yu)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)行(xing)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),与(yu)(yu)(yu)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)待(dai)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。按(an)《司(si)仪(yi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“诸(zhu)公相(xiang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宾(bin)(bin)(bin),及(ji)将(jiang)币(bi)(bi),交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)摈(bin)(bin)三(san)辞,车(che)(che)迎拜(bai)辱。”玄(xuan)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)“既三(san)辞,主君(jun)则(ze)(ze)乘车(che)(che),出大门(men)而迎宾(bin)(bin)(bin)”是也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。必知天子(zi)(zi)待(dai)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)敌礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),按(an)下文(wen)(wen),大国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)孤,继小国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)摈(bin)(bin),其(qi)他皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)视小国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun),则(ze)(ze)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)於天子(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)摈(bin)(bin)。交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)摈(bin)(bin)是敌礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。是以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《齐仆(pu)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“朝(chao)(chao)(chao)觐(jin)(jin)宗(zong)遇飨食(shi)(shi),皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)乘金路,其(qi)法(fa)仪(yi),各以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)车(che)(che)送(song)逆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节”,亦(yi)是敌礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),故(gu)(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)此(ci)(ci)即(ji)取(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)证也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言“王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)立当轸与(yu)(yu)(yu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),差约(yue)小向後为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)尊(zun),故(gu)(gu)(gu)疑云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“与(yu)(yu)(yu)”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“庙(miao),受(shou)(shou)命(ming)祖(zu)(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庙(miao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)(ci)约(yue)《觐(jin)(jin)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》。觐(jin)(jin)在(zai)文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)庙(miao),故(gu)(gu)(gu)《觐(jin)(jin)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“前(qian)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)受(shou)(shou)舍于朝(chao)(chao)(chao)”,注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“受(shou)(shou)舍,受(shou)(shou)次(ci)於文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)庙(miao)门(men)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外。”《聘(pin)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》受(shou)(shou)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)聘(pin)於先(xian)君(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祧,故(gu)(gu)(gu)知王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)受(shou)(shou)觐(jin)(jin)在(zai)受(shou)(shou)命(ming)祖(zu)(zu)庙(miao),在(zai)文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)庙(miao),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)武王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)庙(miao)可(ke)知,是於受(shou)(shou)命(ming)祖(zu)(zu)庙(miao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“享(xiang)(xiang),设盛礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)饮宾(bin)(bin)(bin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“盛礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)飨有(you)(you)食(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)酒,兼(jian)燕与(yu)(yu)(yu)食(shi)(shi),故(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)盛礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“问(wen)(wen),问(wen)(wen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)恙(yang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),恙(yang),忧(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),问(wen)(wen)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)得无忧(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)有(you)(you)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)币(bi)(bi)致之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),按(an)《聘(pin)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》劳(lao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)币(bi)(bi),《觐(jin)(jin)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》使人(ren)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)璧,璧则(ze)(ze)兼(jian)币(bi)(bi),是有(you)(you)币(bi)(bi)致之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。先(xian)郑(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju),举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)乐(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),按(an)襄(xiang)二(er)十(shi)(shi)六年《左氏(shi)传(chuan)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“将(jiang)刑,为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju),则(ze)(ze)彻(che)乐(le)(le)。”後郑(zheng)易之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)牲体”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),但此(ci)(ci)经食(shi)(shi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)九(jiu)(jiu)举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju),与(yu)(yu)(yu)飨礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)九(jiu)(jiu)献相(xiang)连(lian),故(gu)(gu)(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)食(shi)(shi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)九(jiu)(jiu)举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)牲体。其(qi)实(shi)(shi)举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)中可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)兼(jian)乐(le)(le),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)彼传(chuan)亦(yi)因举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)食(shi)(shi)而言也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。先(xian)郑(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“前(qian)疾,谓(wei)(wei)(wei)驷马车(che)(che)辕前(qian)胡(hu)下垂(chui)柱地”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)(wei)(wei)若《人(ren)》“深四尺七(qi)寸,轼前(qian)曲中”是也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“玄(xuan)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)享(xiang)(xiang)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)束(shu)帛加璧庭(ting)实(shi)(shi)惟国(guo)所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《聘(pin)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》与(yu)(yu)(yu)《觐(jin)(jin)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》,行(xing)享(xiang)(xiang)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)有(you)(you)庭(ting)实(shi)(shi),郑(zheng)又引《朝(chao)(chao)(chao)士仪(yi)》,为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)证贡国(guo)所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“朝(chao)(chao)(chao)先(xian)享(xiang)(xiang),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言朝(chao)(chao)(chao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),朝(chao)(chao)(chao)正(zheng)(zheng)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)嫌(xian)有(you)(you)等(deng)(deng)(deng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),按(an)《觐(jin)(jin)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》,行(xing)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)讫,乃(nai)行(xing)享(xiang)(xiang)。此(ci)(ci)经“冕(mian)服(fu)(fu)(fu)九(jiu)(jiu)章(zhang)(zhang)”以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下唯言享(xiang)(xiang),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)见朝(chao)(chao)(chao)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),故(gu)(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“朝(chao)(chao)(chao)正(zheng)(zheng)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)嫌(xian)有(you)(you)等(deng)(deng)(deng)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),朝(chao)(chao)(chao)属(shu)路门(men)外,正(zheng)(zheng)君(jun)臣尊(zun)卑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)嫌(xian)有(you)(you)九(jiu)(jiu)十(shi)(shi)、七(qi)十(shi)(shi)、五十(shi)(shi)步之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)差等(deng)(deng)(deng)相(xiang)迎之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa),故(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)嫌(xian)有(you)(you)等(deng)(deng)(deng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。既无等(deng)(deng)(deng),故(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。宗(zong)伯摄,正(zheng)(zheng)与(yu)(yu)(yu)后皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)同(tong)(tong)(tong)拜(bai)送(song)爵者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),恭(gong)敬之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)使人(ren)代也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)酢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),《聘(pin)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)是与(yu)(yu)(yu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《聘(pin)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)用(yong)醴(li)。子(zi)(zi)男(nan)(nan)(nan)虽(sui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)酢,与(yu)(yu)(yu)《聘(pin)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。子(zi)(zi)男(nan)(nan)(nan)用(yong)郁鬯,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)醴(li),则(ze)(ze)别。约(yue)同(tong)(tong)(tong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),故(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“与(yu)(yu)(yu)”以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)疑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“九(jiu)(jiu)举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju),举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)牲体九(jiu)(jiu)饭也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),见《特牲馈食(shi)(shi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》,尸食(shi)(shi)举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju),尸三(san)饭,佐食(shi)(shi)举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)肝,尸又三(san)饭,举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)骼及(ji)兽、鱼,公食(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju),文(wen)(wen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)具也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)日(ri)一(yi)(yi)(yi)举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju),亦(yi)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)牲体,故(gu)(gu)(gu)知生人(ren)食(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)法(fa),故(gu)(gu)(gu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“九(jiu)(jiu)举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju),举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)牲体”,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)乐(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“出入,从来(lai)(lai)讫去(qu)(qu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)(wei)(wei)从来(lai)(lai)时(shi)有(you)(you)积(ji)(ji),讫去(qu)(qu)亦(yi)有(you)(you)积(ji)(ji),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)从来(lai)(lai)讫去(qu)(qu)共五积(ji)(ji)。若然(ran),来(lai)(lai)去(qu)(qu)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)五积(ji)(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。知积(ji)(ji)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)有(you)(you)刍、薪、米、禾者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《掌客》积(ji)(ji)视飧牵,飧有(you)(you)米禾刍薪,明(ming)在(zai)道致积(ji)(ji)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)可(ke)知。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“凡(fan)数不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)降杀”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),五等(deng)(deng)(deng)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)等(deng)(deng)(deng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)依命(ming)数为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)差故(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

凡大国之孤,执皮帛以继小国之君,出入三积,不问,壹劳,朝位当车前,不交摈,庙中无相,以酒礼之。其他皆视小国之君。(此以君命来聘者也。孤尊,既聘享,更自以其贽见,执束帛而已,豹表之为饰。继小国之君,言次之也。朝聘之礼,每一国毕,乃前。不交摈者,不使介传辞交于王之摈,亲自对摈者也。庙中无相,介皆入门西上而立,不前相礼者,聘之介是与?以酒礼之,酒谓齐酒也,和之不用郁鬯耳。其他,谓贰车及介、牢礼、宾主之间、摈者、将币、酢、飨食之数。
  ○相,息亮反(fan),注同,李息丈反(fan)。挚,本又作贽,音至。见(jian)(jian),贤遍反(fan),下文“壹见(jian)(jian)”、“而(er)见(jian)(jian)之”、“朝见(jian)(jian)”皆(jie)同。传,直专(zhuan)反(fan)。齐(qi),才计反(fan)。)

[疏]“凡大”至“之君”
  ○释曰:按《典命》,上公之国,立孤一人,侯伯已下则无,故云“大国之孤”也。赵商问:“《大行人》职曰‘凡大国之孤执皮帛’,所尊众多,下云‘其他视小国之君’,以五为节。今此亦五。下云‘诸侯之卿各下其君二等以下’,注云:‘公使卿亦七,侯伯亦五,子男三。’不审大国孤五而卿七何?”答曰:“卿奉君命,七介。孤尊,更自特见,故五介。此有《聘礼》可参之,未之思邪?反怪此更张摈介。又继小国之君,非私觌也。”然则诸侯之大夫,以时接见天子,服む衰於天子,或可有私觌,结其恩好,但无文耳。赵商又问:“《大行人职》曰:‘孤出入三积。’此即与小国同,宜应视小国之君,何须特云三积,与例似错。”答曰:“三积者,卿亦然,非独孤也。故不在视小国之中。与例似错,何所据也?”然则一劳者,亦是卿亦然,故须见之。若然,牢礼卿亦五,视小国君五牢同,其馀则异。按《聘礼》,腥牢无鲜腊,醯醢百瓮,米百,禾四十车,薪刍倍禾。按《掌客》,饔饩五牢,米八十,醯醢八十瓮,米二十车,禾三十车,薪刍倍禾。有此别,故在视小国之君中。然则孤聘天子,既以聘使受礼,又自得礼,如是,孤法再重受礼矣也。
  ○注“此以”至“之数”
  ○释曰:云(yun)(yun)“此以(yi)君命(ming)(ming)来聘(pin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),畿(ji)外之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣,不(bu)(bu)(bu)因聘(pin),何以(yi)辄来?故知(zhi)“因君命(ming)(ming)来聘(pin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”。知(zhi)“孤(gu)尊,既聘(pin)享,更自(zi)以(yi)其贽(zhi)见(jian)(jian),执(zhi)束帛(bo)而(er)已”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),若行(xing)正聘(pin),则(ze)执(zhi)彖圭璋(zhang)八寸以(yi)行(xing)聘(pin),何得执(zhi)皮(pi)(pi)帛(bo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)?但侯伯(bo)已下(xia)臣来,直(zhi)行(xing)公使(shi)执(zhi)圭璋(zhang),无(wu)此更见(jian)(jian)法(fa)。以(yi)大国孤(gu)四命(ming)(ming),尊,故天子(zi)(zi)(zi)别见(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。按《宗伯(bo)》云(yun)(yun)“孤(gu)执(zhi)皮(pi)(pi)帛(bo)”,故云(yun)(yun)自(zi)以(yi)其贽(zhi)见(jian)(jian),执(zhi)皮(pi)(pi)帛(bo)而(er)已。云(yun)(yun)“豹(bao)皮(pi)(pi)表之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为饰”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《宗伯(bo)》注云(yun)(yun)“天子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)孤(gu),饰挚以(yi)虎皮(pi)(pi)。公之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)孤(gu),饰挚以(yi)豹(bao)皮(pi)(pi)”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“继小(xiao)国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君,言(yan)次之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓行(xing)礼(li)次在小(xiao)国君之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)後。云(yun)(yun)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)使(shi)介(jie)传(chuan)辞交於(wu)王之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)摈(bin)(bin)(bin)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),则(ze)诸侯行(xing)交摈(bin)(bin)(bin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),使(shi)介(jie)传(chuan)於(wu)王摈(bin)(bin)(bin),传(chuan)而(er)下(xia),又传(chuan)而(er)上是(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“亲自(zi)对摈(bin)(bin)(bin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),则(ze)《聘(pin)礼(li)》来在末介(jie)下(xia),东(dong)面,上摈(bin)(bin)(bin)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)至末摈(bin)(bin)(bin)下(xia),亲相与言(yan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“庙(miao)中(zhong)无(wu)相,介(jie)皆(jie)入(ru)门西上而(er)立(li),不(bu)(bu)(bu)前相礼(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),聘(pin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)介(jie)是(shi)与”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),按《聘(pin)礼(li)》,宾行(xing)聘(pin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时,摈(bin)(bin)(bin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)纳宾,宾入(ru)门左(zuo),介(jie)皆(jie)入(ru)门左(zuo),北(bei)面西上。注云(yun)(yun):“随宾入(ru)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),介(jie)无(wu)事,止於(wu)此。”是(shi)介(jie)入(ru)庙(miao)门西上,不(bu)(bu)(bu)相者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)是(shi)与者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),彼诸侯法(fa),约同天子(zi)(zi)(zi)礼(li),故云(yun)(yun)“与”以(yi)疑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“以(yi)酒(jiu)礼(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),酒(jiu)谓齐(qi)酒(jiu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),按《聘(pin)礼(li)》,礼(li)宾用(yong)醴(li)(li)齐(qi),明此亦(yi)(yi)(yi)用(yong)醴(li)(li)齐(qi)。对文,三酒(jiu)五齐(qi)别,通而(er)言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),齐(qi)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)明酒(jiu),故云(yun)(yun)齐(qi)酒(jiu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“其他,谓贰(er)车”至“之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)数”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此其他中(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)数,一(yi)唯上子(zi)(zi)(zi)男礼(li)中(zhong),即孤(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所用(yong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若然,子(zi)(zi)(zi)男用(yong)鬯,孤(gu)用(yong)醴(li)(li),今得入(ru)其他中(zhong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),据小(xiao)国君而(er)言(yan),以(yi)其孤(gu)用(yong)醴(li)(li)醴(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),不(bu)(bu)(bu)酢,子(zi)(zi)(zi)男亦(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)酢,亦(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)酢同。故举小(xiao)国君而(er)言(yan),不(bu)(bu)(bu)谓孤(gu)用(yong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

凡诸侯之卿,其礼各下其君二等以下,及其大夫士皆如之。(此亦以君命来聘者也,所下其君者,介与朝礼、宾主之间也。其馀则自以其爵。《聘义》曰:“上公七介,侯伯五介,子男三介”,是谓使卿之聘之数也。朝位,则上公七十步,侯伯五十步,子男三十步与?
  ○下,户嫁反,注同。)

[疏]注“此亦”至“步与”
  ○释曰:云(yun)(yun)“各(ge)下(xia)其(qi)君二(er)等(deng)(deng)”,则(ze)(ze)五(wu)(wu)(wu)等(deng)(deng)诸侯(hou)(hou)据上(shang)文三等(deng)(deng)命(ming)而言(yan)(yan),上(shang)公(gong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)九,侯(hou)(hou)伯以(yi)(yi)(yi)七,子(zi)男(nan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)。卿自各(ge)下(xia)其(qi)君二(er)等(deng)(deng),若(ruo)公(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卿以(yi)(yi)(yi)七,侯(hou)(hou)伯卿以(yi)(yi)(yi)五(wu)(wu)(wu),子(zi)男(nan)卿以(yi)(yi)(yi)三也。云(yun)(yun)“及其(qi)大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)士皆如(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe),大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)又(you)各(ge)自下(xia)卿二(er)等(deng)(deng)。士无聘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)介数,而言(yan)(yan)如(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe),士虽无介与(yu)步(bu)数,至於(wu)牢礼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)(deng),又(you)降杀大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)。《大(da)(da)行人》首云(yun)(yun)“以(yi)(yi)(yi)九仪”,注云(yun)(yun)“九仪,谓(wei)命(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)五(wu)(wu)(wu),爵者(zhe)(zhe)四(si)”。爵者(zhe)(zhe)四(si)中有士,故於(wu)此连言(yan)(yan)士。其(qi)於(wu)此经,介与(yu)步(bu)数则(ze)(ze)无士也。引《聘义(yi)》者(zhe)(zhe),唯卿各(ge)下(xia)其(qi)君二(er)等(deng)(deng),仍不见大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)下(xia)卿二(er)等(deng)(deng)。按《聘礼》云(yun)(yun):“小聘使大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu),其(qi)礼如(ru)为介,三介。”彼侯(hou)(hou)伯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)三介,则(ze)(ze)亦三十步(bu)。若(ruo)上(shang)公(gong)大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)五(wu)(wu)(wu)介五(wu)(wu)(wu)十步(bu),子(zi)男(nan)大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)一介一十步(bu)可知。郑不言(yan)(yan)者(zhe)(zhe),举卿则(ze)(ze)大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)见矣,故不言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也。

邦畿方千里,其外方五百里谓之侯服,岁壹见,其贡祀物。又其外方五百里谓之甸服,二岁壹见,其贡嫔物。又其外方五百里谓之男服,三岁壹见,其贡器物。又其外方五百里谓之采服,四岁壹见,其贡服物。又其外方五百里谓之卫服,五岁壹见,其贡材物。又其外方五百里谓之要服,六岁壹见,其贡货物。(要服,蛮服也。此六服去王城三千五百里,相距方七千里,公侯伯子男封焉。其朝贡之岁,四方各四分趋四时而来,或朝春,或宗夏,或觐秋,或遇冬。祀贡者,牺牲之属。故书“嫔”作“频”。郑司农云:“嫔物,妇人所为物也。《尔雅》曰:‘嫔,妇也。’”玄谓嫔物,丝也。器物,尊彝之属。服物,玄纩也。材物,八材也。货物,龟贝也。
  ○嫔,婢人(ren)反(fan)。,敕之反(fan),刘(liu)猪履反(fan)。纩,音(yin)旷(kuang),徐、刘(liu)古旷(kuang)反(fan)。)

[疏]“邦畿云“货物”
  ○释曰:此一经,见九州诸侯依服数来朝天子,因朝即有贡物。此因朝而贡,与《大宰》“九贡”及下《小行人》“春入贡”者别。彼二者是岁之常贡也。
  ○注“要服”至“具也”
  ○释(shi)曰(yue):云“要服(fu),蛮服(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《职(zhi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)》云“蛮服(fu)”,要、蛮义一也(ye)(ye)(ye)。郑(zheng)计“七千(qian)里”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),欲见(jian)土广万里,中国(guo)七千(qian)里为九(jiu)州,有(you)此(ci)(ci)(ci)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)法。下云“九(jiu)州之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)(wai)谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蕃国(guo),以(yi)(yi)其所贵宝为挚”,无(wu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)法也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云“公(gong)侯(hou)(hou)伯子(zi)男封(feng)焉”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),对(dui)彼蕃国(guo)惟有(you)子(zi)男,无(wu)五(wu)(wu)等(deng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。按马氏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义,六(liu)服(fu)当面各四(si)(si)分(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),假(jia)令侯(hou)(hou)服(fu)四(si)(si)分(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),东(dong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)春,南(nan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)宗夏,西方(fang)(fang)(fang)觐(jin)秋,北(bei)方(fang)(fang)(fang)遇冬(dong)(dong)。南(nan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)侯(hou)(hou)服(fu)亦(yi)然(ran),西方(fang)(fang)(fang)、北(bei)方(fang)(fang)(fang)皆(jie)然(ran),甸服(fu)已(yi)外(wai)(wai)皆(jie)然(ran)。是(shi)以(yi)(yi)韩(han)侯(hou)(hou)是(shi)北(bei)方(fang)(fang)(fang)诸侯(hou)(hou),而(er)(er)言(yan)入觐(jin),以(yi)(yi)其在(zai)北(bei)方(fang)(fang)(fang),当方(fang)(fang)(fang)分(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)西畔,故(gu)云觐(jin)。郑(zheng)《答志》云:“朝(chao)(chao)(chao)觐(jin)四(si)(si)时(shi)通称,故(gu)觐(jin)礼亦(yi)云朝(chao)(chao)(chao)。”若(ruo)(ruo)然(ran),郑(zheng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)与(yu)(yu)马同(tong)。观此(ci)(ci)(ci)注似用(yong)马氏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),郑(zheng)既(ji)不(bu)(bu)(bu)与(yu)(yu)马同(tong),今所解(jie)云“四(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)(fang)各四(si)(si)分(fen)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓四(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)(fang)诸侯(hou)(hou)六(liu)服(fu),服(fu)各四(si)(si)分(fen),趋(qu)四(si)(si)时(shi)而(er)(er)来。或朝(chao)(chao)(chao)春,据(ju)(ju)王(wang)(wang)城(cheng)(cheng)东(dong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)。或宗夏,据(ju)(ju)王(wang)(wang)城(cheng)(cheng)南(nan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)。或觐(jin)秋,据(ju)(ju)王(wang)(wang)城(cheng)(cheng)西方(fang)(fang)(fang)。或遇冬(dong)(dong),据(ju)(ju)王(wang)(wang)城(cheng)(cheng)北(bei)方(fang)(fang)(fang)。《大(da)宰》“四(si)(si)曰(yue)币(bi)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)”,此(ci)(ci)(ci)中无(wu)币(bi)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),因(yin)(yin)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)而(er)(er)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),三享中已(yi)有(you)币(bi),故(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)别贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)币(bi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。《大(da)宰》岁(sui)岁(sui)常贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),此(ci)(ci)(ci)依服(fu)数(shu)来朝(chao)(chao)(chao),因(yin)(yin)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)而(er)(er)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),数(shu)既(ji)有(you)异,时(shi)又不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong),故(gu)彼此(ci)(ci)(ci)物(wu)(wu)数(shu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)类(lei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。玄谓“器物(wu)(wu)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)彝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),按《大(da)宰》云“器贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)”,先郑(zheng)以(yi)(yi)为宗庙之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器,後郑(zheng)易之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)为器贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)银(yin)铁、石磬、丹漆,不(bu)(bu)(bu)从(cong)先郑(zheng)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)云“器物(wu)(wu)”,後郑(zheng)以(yi)(yi)为尊(zun)(zun)(zun)彝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属,与(yu)(yu)彼先郑(zheng)同(tong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),彼是(shi)岁(sui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),不(bu)(bu)(bu)合有(you)成(cheng)器,故(gu)破(po)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)乃因(yin)(yin)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)而(er)(er)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),得贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)成(cheng)器,故(gu)为尊(zun)(zun)(zun)彝解(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。知(zhi)因(yin)(yin)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)得贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)成(cheng)器者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),见(jian)昭十五(wu)(wu)年六(liu)月(yue)(yue),大(da)子(zi)寿卒。秋八月(yue)(yue),穆(mu)后(hou)崩。十二月(yue)(yue),晋(jin)荀跞如(ru)周,葬(zang)穆(mu)后(hou),藉谈为介(jie)。以(yi)(yi)文伯宴,尊(zun)(zun)(zun)以(yi)(yi)鲁壶,王(wang)(wang)责之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)器。藉谈归,以(yi)(yi)告(gao)叔向。叔向曰(yue):“王(wang)(wang)其不(bu)(bu)(bu)终乎!王(wang)(wang)一岁(sui)而(er)(er)有(you)三年之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧(sang)二焉,於是(shi)乎以(yi)(yi)丧(sang)宾宴,又求彝器。”以(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)知(zhi)因(yin)(yin)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)得贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)成(cheng)器。云“材(cai)(cai)物(wu)(wu),八材(cai)(cai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),据(ju)(ju)《大(da)宰》云“饬化八材(cai)(cai)”也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云“货物(wu)(wu),龟(gui)贝(bei)(bei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),货是(shi)自(zi)然(ran)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu),故(gu)知(zhi)龟(gui)贝(bei)(bei)谓若(ruo)(ruo)《禹贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)》扬州纳锡、大(da)龟(gui)、厥篚(fei)(fei)、织贝(bei)(bei)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)注所贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)丝(si)(si),若(ruo)(ruo)青州盐、岱畎丝(si)(si),荆州厥篚(fei)(fei)玄之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类(lei)。

九州之外谓之蕃国,世壹见,各以其所贵宝为挚。(九州之外,夷服、镇服、蕃服也。《曲礼》曰:“其在东夷、北狄、西戎、南蛮,虽大曰子。”《春秋传》曰:“杞,伯也,以夷礼,故曰子。”然则九州之外,其君皆子男也。无朝贡之岁,以父死子立,及嗣王即位,乃一来耳。各以其所贵宝为挚,则蕃国之君无执玉瑞者,是以谓其君为小宾,臣为小客。所贵宝见传者,若犬戎献白狼、白鹿是也。其馀则《周书·王会》备焉。
  ○见传,上贤遍反(fan),下直恋反(fan),一音(yin)上如字,下直专反(fan)。)

[疏]注“九州”至“备焉”
  ○释曰(yue):云“九(jiu)州之(zhi)(zhi)外,夷(yi)服(fu)、镇服(fu)、蕃服(fu)也(ye)”者,此经(jing)总(zong)而言之(zhi)(zhi)皆曰(yue)蕃,分为三(san)服(fu),据《职方》而言也(ye)。云“《曲礼》曰(yue):在东夷(yi)、北狄(di)(di)(di)、西戎(rong)、南蛮,虽大(da)曰(yue)子”,并引《春秋》者,欲见(jian)蕃国之(zhi)(zhi)内,唯有(you)子男,无(wu)五等(deng)也(ye)。按僖二十七年(nian),“杞桓(huan)公(gong)来(lai)朝,用夷(yi)礼,故曰(yue)子”。用夷(yi)礼犹曰(yue)子,况(kuang)本在彼者也(ye)。按《书序》“武王(wang)(wang)(wang)既胜殷,巢伯(bo)来(lai)朝”,注云:“巢伯(bo),南方之(zhi)(zhi)国,世(shi)一(yi)见(jian)者。夷(yi)狄(di)(di)(di)得(de)(de)(de)称(cheng)伯(bo)者,彼殷之(zhi)(zhi)诸侯(hou),与周(zhou)异(yi)也(ye)。”云“父(fu)死(si)子立,及嗣王(wang)(wang)(wang)即(ji)位(wei)(wei),乃一(yi)来(lai)耳”者,此经(jing)世(shi)中含二,父(fu)死(si)子立,须(xu)得(de)(de)(de)受(shou)王(wang)(wang)(wang)命,故须(xu)来(lai),新(xin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)即(ji)位(wei)(wei)亦(yi)须(xu)来(lai)。故《明堂(tang)位(wei)(wei)》周(zhou)公(gong)朝诸侯(hou)于明堂(tang),四夷(yi)皆在四门之(zhi)(zhi)外。周(zhou)公(gong)摄位(wei)(wei),与新(xin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)同,况(kuang)成(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)新(xin)即(ji)位(wei)(wei)也(ye)。云“各以其所贵(gui)宝(bao)为挚(zhi),则蕃国之(zhi)(zhi)君无(wu)执(zhi)玉瑞者”,既以贵(gui)宝(bao)为挚(zhi),何得(de)(de)(de)有(you)别(bie)挚(zhi)乎?是以禹会诸侯(hou),执(zhi)玉帛(bo)者万国,唯谓中国耳。九(jiu)州为大(da)宾(bin)(bin)大(da)客,夷(yi)狄(di)(di)(di)为小(xiao)宾(bin)(bin)小(xiao)客。按《周(zhou)语》,穆(mu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)初伐犬戎(rong),祭公(gong)谋(mou)父(fu)谏,不(bu)听,遂往征(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi),得(de)(de)(de)四白鹿以归。引之(zhi)(zhi)者,见(jian)是夷(yi)狄(di)(di)(di)贵(gui)宝(bao),此穆(mu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)征(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)而得(de)(de)(de),非自来(lai)者,亦(yi)以此为贽(zhi)也(ye)。云“《周(zhou)书·王(wang)(wang)(wang)会》备焉”者,《王(wang)(wang)(wang)会》,是《书》之(zhi)(zhi)篇(pian)名,谓王(wang)(wang)(wang)会诸侯(hou),因有(you)献物多矣,故云备也(ye)。

王之所以抚邦国诸侯者:岁遍存;三岁遍ぽ;五岁遍省;七岁属象胥,谕言语,协辞命;九岁属瞽史,谕书名,听声音;十有一岁达瑞节,同度量,成牢礼,同数器,修法则;十有二岁王巡守殷国。(抚犹安也。存、ぽ、省者,王使臣於诸侯之礼,所谓间问也。岁者,巡守之明岁以为始也。属犹聚也。自五岁之後,遂间岁遍省也。七岁省而召其象胥,九岁省而召其瞽史,皆聚於天子之宫,教习之也。故书“协辞命”作“叶词命”。郑司农云:“象胥,译官也。叶当为协,词当为辞,书或为汁辞命。”玄谓“胥”读为“”。《王制》曰:“五方之民,言语不通,嗜{欲心}不同,达其志,通其{欲心}。东方曰寄,南方曰象,四方曰狄,北方曰译。”此官正为象者,周始有越重译而来献,是因通言语之官为象胥云。谓象之有才知者也。辞命,六辞之命也。瞽,乐师也。史,太史、小史也。书名,书之字也,古曰名,《聘礼》曰“百名以上”。至十一岁又遍省焉。度,丈尺也。量,豆区釜也。数器,铨衡也。法,八法也。则,八则也。达、同、成、,皆谓赍其法式,行至则齐等之也。成,平也,平其僭逾者也。王巡守,诸侯会者各以其时之方,《书》曰“遂觐东后”是也。其殷国,则四方四时分来如平时。
  ○属,徐、刘(liu)皆(jie)章束(shu)反(fan),下及注同。叶,音(yin)(yin)(yin)协。词,音(yin)(yin)(yin)辞(ci)。译,音(yin)(yin)(yin)亦。汁,之十(shi)反(fan),叶也(ye),又(you)音(yin)(yin)(yin)协。,思叙(xu)反(fan)。耆,市志反(fan)。{欲心(xin)},音(yin)(yin)(yin)欲,本(ben)多(duo)作(zuo)欲。,丁兮(xi)反(fan)。重,直龙反(fan)。知,音(yin)(yin)(yin)智。以上,时掌反(fan)。赍(ji),子(zi)兮(xi)反(fan)。)

[疏]“王之”至“殷国”
  ○释曰:此经并是王抚诸侯之事,对上经皆是诸侯上抚王室之事。
  ○注“抚犹”至“平时”
  ○释曰:云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“存、ぽ、省(sheng)者,王(wang)使臣於诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)”者,亦(yi)对上诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)朝王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“所(suo)诸(zhu)(zhu)间问也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者,即上文(wen)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“间问以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)谕诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志”者也(ye)(ye)(ye)。知岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)谓(wei)从(cong)巡(xun)守之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)明(ming)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)始者,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)巡(xun)守已(yi)(yi)就抚诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)讫,明(ming)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)後(hou)(hou)年为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)始也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“属犹聚也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者,《州(zhou)(zhou)长职》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“正(zheng)月(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)吉,各(ge)属其(qi)(qi)州(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)而读法”,故(gu)(gu)知属为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)聚也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“自(zi)五(wu)(wu)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)後(hou)(hou),遂(sui)间岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)遍省(sheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者,但(dan)经一岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)与三(san)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)、五(wu)(wu)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)存、ぽ、省(sheng),至七岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)、九岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)、十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)不(bu)(bu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)省(sheng)。不(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)者,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)五(wu)(wu)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)已(yi)(yi)言(yan)(yan)省(sheng),义可知,故(gu)(gu)直见其(qi)(qi)事意也(ye)(ye)(ye),是(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)郑(zheng)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)连省(sheng)而言(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)聚於天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宫(gong)(gong),教习之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者,既言(yan)(yan)属,明(ming)聚於天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宫(gong)(gong),若不(bu)(bu)聚于天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宫(gong)(gong),焉得(de)谕言(yan)(yan)语、谕书(shu)名(ming)、听音声之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)(deng)乎?明(ming)是(shi)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)聚于天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)宫(gong)(gong)教习之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。玄谓(wei)“胥”读为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“”者,欲取为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)才智之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意也(ye)(ye)(ye)。引《王(wang)制》曰“五(wu)(wu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)”者,谓(wei)四(si)(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)(fang)与中(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)言(yan)(yan)语不(bu)(bu)通,嗜{欲心}不(bu)(bu)同(tong),达其(qi)(qi)志,通其(qi)(qi){欲心},故(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“东方(fang)(fang)(fang)曰寄”已(yi)(yi)下,疏已(yi)(yi)具於《序官》。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“辞命(ming),六(liu)(liu)(liu)辞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)命(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)辞命(ming)连言(yan)(yan),明(ming)是(shi)大祝六(liu)(liu)(liu)辞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教命(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“瞽(gu)(gu),乐师也(ye)(ye)(ye)。史(shi),太史(shi)、小史(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者,乐师与大史(shi)、小史(shi)并(bing)是(shi)知天(tian)(tian)(tian)道者,故(gu)(gu)《国(guo)语》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“吾非(fei)瞽(gu)(gu)史(shi),焉知天(tian)(tian)(tian)道”。郑(zheng)上注瞽(gu)(gu)即大师是(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“书(shu)名(ming),书(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)字也(ye)(ye)(ye),古(gu)曰名(ming)”,引《聘(pin)礼(li)(li)记》者,证古(gu)曰名(ming),今世曰字。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“度(du),丈尺也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者,按《律历志》“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)黍中(zhong)(zhong)者,一黍为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一分(fen)(fen),九十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)黍,黄锺(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)长,十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)分(fen)(fen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)寸,十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)寸为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)尺,十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)尺为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)丈,十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)丈为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)引。千二(er)百黍为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei),合为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)合,十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)合为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)升,十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)升为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)斗(dou),十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)斗(dou)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)斛”,又云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“百黍为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)铢(zhu),二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)铢(zhu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)两(liang),十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)(liu)(liu)两(liang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)斤,三(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)斤为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)钧(jun)。四(si)(si)(si)钧(jun)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)石”,此直云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)丈尺,略(lve)言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“量,豆区釜(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者,据(ju)(ju)(ju)《左氏传》晏(yan)子(zi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“齐(qi)旧四(si)(si)(si)量,豆、区、釜(fu)(fu)、锺(zhong)(zhong)。四(si)(si)(si)升为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)豆,各(ge)自(zi)其(qi)(qi)四(si)(si)(si),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)登于釜(fu)(fu),釜(fu)(fu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)则(ze)锺(zhong)(zhong)。”锺(zhong)(zhong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)六(liu)(liu)(liu)斛四(si)(si)(si)斗(dou)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“数器(qi),铨衡也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者,即铢(zhu)两(liang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)(deng)是(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“法,八(ba)法也(ye)(ye)(ye)。则(ze),八(ba)则(ze)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者,据(ju)(ju)(ju)《大宰》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“八(ba)法治(zhi)官府,八(ba)则(ze)治(zhi)都(dou)鄙。”诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)国(guo)有(you)都(dou)鄙官府,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此法则(ze)治(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),故(gu)(gu)须(xu)帧.云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“达、同(tong)、成、,皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)谓(wei)赍其(qi)(qi)法式(shi)”者,经瑞节、度(du)量、牢(lao)礼(li)(li)、数器(qi),下至法则(ze)等(deng)(deng)八(ba)者,皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)法式(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)(deng),当豫治(zhi),使轻重大小方(fang)(fang)(fang)圆皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)正(zheng),然後(hou)(hou)将以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)齐(qi)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)器(qi)物,故(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“行至则(ze)齐(qi)等(deng)(deng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“平(ping)其(qi)(qi)僭(jian)逾者也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者,若牢(lao)礼(li)(li)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)侯(hou)伯子(zi)男卿大夫士(shi),依上文(wen)及《掌客》,多少皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)有(you)常,不(bu)(bu)得(de)僭(jian)上,故(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)平(ping)其(qi)(qi)僭(jian)逾也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“王(wang)巡(xun)守,诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)会(hui)者各(ge)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)时之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)”者,谓(wei)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)二(er)月(yue)(yue)东方(fang)(fang)(fang),五(wu)(wu)月(yue)(yue)南方(fang)(fang)(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)(deng)。据(ju)(ju)(ju)春(chun)而言(yan)(yan),故(gu)(gu)言(yan)(yan)《书(shu)》曰“遂(sui)觐(jin)东后(hou)”是(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。并(bing)据(ju)(ju)(ju)《虞书(shu)》及《王(wang)制》而言(yan)(yan),亦(yi)有(you)同(tong)度(du)量等(deng)(deng)事,故(gu)(gu)《虞书(shu)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“五(wu)(wu)礼(li)(li)五(wu)(wu)玉(yu)”并(bing)“协时月(yue)(yue)正(zheng)日”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)(deng)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“殷国(guo),则(ze)四(si)(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)(fang)四(si)(si)(si)时分(fen)(fen)来(lai)如(ru)平(ping)时”者,谓(wei)分(fen)(fen)四(si)(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)(fang),各(ge)遂(sui)春(chun)夏秋冬如(ru)平(ping)时。若六(liu)(liu)(liu)服尽(jin)来(lai),即与平(ping)时别也(ye)(ye)(ye)。

凡诸侯之王事,辨其位,正其等,协其礼,宾而见之。(王事,以王之事来也。《诗》云:“莫敢不来王。”《孟子》曰:“诸侯有王。”
  ○宾,刘云“应言摈”,《小行人职》同。)

[疏]“凡诸”至“见之”
  ○释曰:“王事”,谓诸侯朝王之事。“辨其位”,谓九十、七十、五十步之位。“正其等”,谓尊卑之等,谓冕服、旌旗、贰车之类,皆有等级。“协其礼”,谓牢礼飨燕积膳之礼,以此礼宾敬而见之也。
  ○注“王事”至“有王”
  ○释曰:引《诗(shi)》、《孟子》皆谓王是(shi)朝(chao)王之(zhi)事也。

若有大丧,则相诸侯之礼。(诏相,左右教告之也。
  ○相,息亮反,注同。)

[疏]注“诏相”至“之也”
  ○释曰:大丧言(yan)“若(ruo)”,见有(you)(you)(you)非(fei)常(chang)之(zhi)祸,诸(zhu)侯(hou)谓天子斩,其(qi)有(you)(you)(you)哭位、周旋、擗踊、进退,皆有(you)(you)(you)礼(li)法。“左右”,助也(ye),须(xu)有(you)(you)(you)助而告教(jiao)之(zhi)也(ye)。

若有四方之(zhi)大事,则受其(qi)(qi)币(bi),听其(qi)(qi)辞。(四方之(zhi)大事,谓(wei)国有兵寇,诸(zhu)侯(hou)来(lai)告(gao)急者。礼动不虚,皆有贽币(bi),以(yi)崇敬也(ye)。受之(zhi),以(yi)其(qi)(qi)事入(ru)告(gao)王也(ye)。《聘(pin)礼》曰:“若有言,则以(yi)束(shu)帛如享礼。”)

[疏]注“四方”至“享礼”
  ○释曰:云“四方(fang)之大事,谓(wei)国有兵寇(kou)(kou)”者,除兵寇(kou)(kou)之外(wai),诸侯当国自为大事者,非天子之急,不即告(gao)(gao)王,故知惟(wei)兵寇(kou)(kou)耳。引《聘礼》者,彼虽是诸侯自相告(gao)(gao),告(gao)(gao)天子亦然,故引为证也。彼注云“《春秋》臧(zang)孙(sun)辰(chen)告(gao)(gao)籴(di)于齐,公子遂如楚乞(qi)师,晋侯使韩(han)穿来言汶阳之田”,皆是也。

凡(fan)诸(zhu)侯之邦交,岁相(xiang)问(wen)也(ye)(ye),殷(yin)(yin)相(xiang)聘也(ye)(ye),世(shi)相(xiang)朝(chao)也(ye)(ye)。(小聘曰问(wen)。殷(yin)(yin),中也(ye)(ye)。久无事,又於殷(yin)(yin)朝(chao)者及而相(xiang)聘也(ye)(ye)。父死子(zi)(zi)(zi)立(li)曰世(shi),凡(fan)君即(ji)位,大(da)国朝(chao)焉(yan),小国聘焉(yan)。此皆(jie)所以习礼考义、正刑一(yi)德以尊天子(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye),必择(ze)有道之国而就之。郑(zheng)司农说殷(yin)(yin)聘以《春秋(qiu)传》曰“孟僖子(zi)(zi)(zi)如齐殷(yin)(yin)聘,是也(ye)(ye)”。)

[疏]注“小聘”至“是也”
  ○释曰(yue)(yue):言“诸侯(hou)邦交”,谓(wei)同方(fang)岳者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)往(wang)一(yi)来为交,谓(wei)己(ji)(ji)是(shi)(shi)小(xiao)(xiao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)朝大(da)(da)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),己(ji)(ji)是(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)小(xiao)(xiao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。若(ruo)敌国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),则两君(jun)自相往(wang)来。故司仪有诸公(gong)(gong)诸侯(hou)皆(jie)(jie)言相为宾(bin)是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)。但春(chun)秋之(zhi)世(shi)(shi)有越方(fang)岳相聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),是(shi)(shi)以(yi)秦使术来聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin),吴使札来聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin),时国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)数(shu)(shu)少,故然(ran),非正法也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“小(xiao)(xiao)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)曰(yue)(yue)问”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)礼(li)》文,故彼云(yun)“小(xiao)(xiao)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)曰(yue)(yue)问,不享”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)。大(da)(da)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)使卿(qing),小(xiao)(xiao)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)使大(da)(da)夫也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“殷(yin)(yin),中(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)(ye)。久(jiu)无(wu)事,又於(wu)殷(yin)(yin)朝者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)及而相聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)义》、《王(wang)制》皆(jie)(jie)云(yun)“三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)一(yi)大(da)(da)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)”,此(ci)(ci)不言三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian),而云(yun)殷(yin)(yin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),欲见中(zhong)(zhong)间(jian)久(jiu)无(wu)事,及殷(yin)(yin)朝者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)来及,亦相聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin),故云(yun)殷(yin)(yin),不云(yun)三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)也(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)然(ran),《聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)义》与(yu)《王(wang)制》皆(jie)(jie)云(yun)“比年(nian)(nian)(nian)一(yi)小(xiao)(xiao)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)”,此(ci)(ci)云(yun)“岁相问”,不云(yun)比年(nian)(nian)(nian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),取岁岁之(zhi)义也(ye)(ye)。“世(shi)(shi)相朝”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)父(fu)死子(zi)立曰(yue)(yue)世(shi)(shi),是(shi)(shi)继世(shi)(shi)之(zhi)义也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“凡君(jun)即(ji)位,大(da)(da)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)朝焉(yan),小(xiao)(xiao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)焉(yan)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《左氏传》文,按(an)(an)文元年(nian)(nian)(nian),公(gong)(gong)孙敖如齐(qi)(qi),《传》曰(yue)(yue):“凡君(jun)即(ji)位,卿(qing)出并聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)。”谓(wei)已卿(qing)往(wang)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)他,他卿(qing)来聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)己(ji)(ji),是(shi)(shi)总语也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)大(da)(da)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)朝焉(yan),己(ji)(ji)是(shi)(shi)小(xiao)(xiao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),己(ji)(ji)往(wang)朝大(da)(da)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。小(xiao)(xiao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)焉(yan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),己(ji)(ji)是(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),使聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)小(xiao)(xiao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。云(yun)“此(ci)(ci)皆(jie)(jie)所(suo)以(yi)习礼(li)考义、正刑一(yi)德以(yi)尊(zun)天子(zi)也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《礼(li)记(ji)》文。云(yun)“必择有道(dao)之(zhi)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)而就之(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)差择有道(dao)之(zhi)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),亦先(xian)从近始,故云(yun)“亲仁善邻,国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)宝也(ye)(ye)”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)。先(xian)郑(zheng)“说殷(yin)(yin)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)以(yi)《春(chun)秋传》”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),按(an)(an)《左氏》昭(zhao)公(gong)(gong)九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)传曰(yue)(yue):“孟(meng)僖子(zi)如齐(qi)(qi)殷(yin)(yin)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin),礼(li)也(ye)(ye)。”按(an)(an)服彼注云(yun):“殷(yin)(yin),中(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)(ye)。自襄二十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)叔老聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)於(wu)齐(qi)(qi),至今积(ji)二十(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)齐(qi)(qi),故中(zhong)(zhong)复盛聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)。”与(yu)此(ci)(ci)中(zhong)(zhong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)数(shu)(shu)不相当。引之(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),年(nian)(nian)(nian)虽差远,用礼(li)则同,故引为证也(ye)(ye)。

小行人掌邦国宾客之礼籍,以待四方之使者。(礼籍,名位尊卑之书。使者,诸侯之臣使来者也。
  ○使(shi)(shi),色吏反,注同。後“使(shi)(shi)者”、“使(shi)(shi)”、“使(shi)(shi)之(zhi)四方”、“竹(zhu)使(shi)(shi)”、“使(shi)(shi)臣”皆同。)

[疏]注“礼籍”至“者也”
  ○释曰:大行人待诸侯身,小行人待诸侯之使(shi)者(zhe)。其邦之礼(li)籍,则(ze)诸侯及臣皆在(zai)焉(yan)。云(yun)“礼(li)籍,名位(wei)尊(zun)卑之书”者(zhe),名位(wei)尊(zun)卑,以(yi)解礼(li)也,之书,以(yi)解籍也。云(yun)“使(shi)者(zhe),诸侯之臣使(shi)来者(zhe)也”者(zhe),即时(shi)聘殷(yin)ぽ是(shi)也。

令诸侯春入(ru)贡(gong),秋献(xian)功,王亲受之(zhi)(zhi),各以其(qi)国之(zhi)(zhi)籍礼之(zhi)(zhi)。(贡(gong),六服(fu)所贡(gong)也。功,考(kao)绩之(zhi)(zhi)功也。秋献(xian)之(zhi)(zhi),若今计文(wen)书断(duan)於九月,其(qi)旧(jiu)法。)

[疏]注“贡六”至“旧法”
  ○释曰:此(ci)云(yun)“贡”,即《大宰》九贡,是(shi)岁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常(chang)贡也。必(bi)(bi)使春入者,其所贡之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物,并诸(zhu)侯(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)国(guo)出税(shui)於民,民税(shui)既得(de),乃(nai)大国(guo)贡半,次国(guo)三之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi),小国(guo)国(guo)四之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi),皆市取美物,必(bi)(bi)经冬至春,乃(nai)可入王,以是(shi)令春入之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也。“秋献功”者,物皆秋成,诸(zhu)侯(hou)亦法秋,故秋献之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)“各(ge)(ge)以其国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)籍(ji)礼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者,即上所掌礼籍(ji)尊卑多少不同,故云(yun)各(ge)(ge)以其籍(ji)也。云(yun)“六服(fu)所贡”,对九州外之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)三服(fu)无此(ci)贡也。

凡诸侯入王,则逆劳(lao)于畿(ji)。(郑司(si)农云:“入王,朝(chao)於王也(ye)。”故《春秋传》曰(yue)“宋公不王”,又曰(yue)“诸侯有王,王有巡守”。)

[疏]注“郑司”至“巡守”
  ○释曰:隐九年,宋(song)公(gong)不(bu)王,不(bu)宗觐于王。郑伯为王左卿(qing)士(shi),以王命讨之,伐宋(song)也(ye)(ye)。庄二十三年夏(xia),公(gong)如齐观社(she),非(fei)礼。曹刿谏曰:“不(bu)可。诸侯(hou)有(you)王。”注云“有(you)王,朝於王”,“王有(you)巡守,非(fei)是君(jun)不(bu)举矣”是也(ye)(ye)。

及(ji)郊劳、视(shi)馆、将币,为承(cheng)而(er)摈。(视(shi)馆,致(zhi)馆也。承(cheng)犹丞也。王使劳宾(bin)於(wu)郊,致(zhi)馆於(wu)宾(bin),至将币,使宗伯为上摈,皆为之(zhi)丞而(er)摈之(zhi)。)

[疏]“及”至“而摈”
  ○释曰:此经三事,皆为丞而摈之。
  ○注“视”至“摈之”
  ○释曰:云(yun)“视(shi)馆(guan),致馆(guan)也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),《聘礼(li)》及下《司仪》皆(jie)云(yun)致馆(guan),故(gu)同之(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)视(shi)者(zhe)(zhe),使(shi)卿大(da)(da)夫(fu)往(wang)视(shi),观其可否(fou)。云(yun)致者(zhe)(zhe),致使(shi)有之(zhi)。云(yun)“王(wang)(wang)使(shi)劳(lao)视(shi)於(wu)郊”者(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)王(wang)(wang)使(shi)大(da)(da)行人(ren)劳(lao)於(wu)郊也(ye)(ye)。“至(zhi)将币(bi)”者(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)至(zhi)庙(miao)将币(bi)三(san)享。云(yun)“使(shi)宗(zong)伯(bo)(bo)为(wei)(wei)上摈(bin)”者(zhe)(zhe),惟谓(wei)将币(bi)时,大(da)(da)宗(zong)伯(bo)(bo)为(wei)(wei)上摈(bin)。於(wu)郊劳(lao)及视(shi)馆(guan)二者(zhe)(zhe),不使(shi)大(da)(da)宗(zong)伯(bo)(bo)为(wei)(wei)上摈(bin)者(zhe)(zhe),以其使(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)或大(da)(da)行人(ren),官保何(he)得使(shi)大(da)(da)宗(zong)伯(bo)(bo)为(wei)(wei)摈(bin)也(ye)(ye)。当别遣(qian)馀官为(wei)(wei)上摈(bin),小(xiao)行人(ren)为(wei)(wei)承摈(bin)。而(er)言宗(zong)伯(bo)(bo)为(wei)(wei)上摈(bin)者(zhe)(zhe),取《宗(zong)伯(bo)(bo)》成文,为(wei)(wei)将币(bi)而(er)言也(ye)(ye)。

凡四方之使者,大客则摈,小客则受其币而听其辞。(摈者,摈而见之王,使得亲言也。受其币者,受之以入告其所为来之事。
  ○为,去声。)

[疏]“凡四”至“其辞”
  ○释曰:云“凡四方之使者”,此文与下为目,则於大小客而言也。“大客则摈”者,大客,则《大行人》云“大客之仪”,一也。彼郑云:“大宾,要服以内诸侯,大客谓其孤卿。”则此大客为要服以内诸侯之使臣也,小客谓蕃国诸侯之使臣也。
  ○注“摈者”至“之事”
  ○释曰:云“摈者(zhe),摈而(er)见(jian)(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi),王(wang)使(shi)得亲言(yan)也”者(zhe),则时(shi)聘殷ぽ之(zhi)(zhi)时(shi),行(xing)旅摈入见(jian)(jian)(jian)王(wang),王(wang)与使(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)亲言(yan)也。云“受其币者(zhe),受之(zhi)(zhi)以入告其所为(wei)来之(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)”者(zhe),蕃国诸侯(hou)虽(sui)子男(nan),皆是(shi)中国之(zhi)(zhi)人,郑义,此(ci)皆在朝之(zhi)(zhi)卿大夫有过,放之(zhi)(zhi)於四(si)夷(yi)为(wei)诸侯(hou),卿为(wei)子,大夫为(wei)男(nan),是(shi)以世一见(jian)(jian)(jian)。来时(shi),王(wang)亲见(jian)(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)。蕃国之(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)臣本是(shi)夷(yi)人,不能行(xing)礼,故(gu)直听其辞而(er)已(yi)。

使四方,协九仪(yi)。宾(bin)客之(zhi)(zhi)礼(li),朝、觐、宗、遇(yu)、会、同(tong),君之(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)也(ye)。存、ぽ、省、聘(pin)、问(wen),臣之(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)也(ye)。(,之(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)。协,合也(ye)。)

[疏]“使”至“礼也”
  ○释曰:自此已下至“之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)”,皆是小(xiao)行(xing)人(ren)使(shi)四(si)方(fang)(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事。此言“使(shi)四(si)方(fang)(fang)”,与下为目,使(shi)四(si)方(fang)(fang),向诸(zhu)侯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)国(guo),所(suo)至之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)国(guo),则合九等之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)仪。九仪,则上《大行(xing)人(ren)》“九仪”,命者五,爵(jue)者四(si)是也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“宾(bin)(bin)客之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)”者,宾(bin)(bin)据命者五,客据爵(jue)者四(si),此称宾(bin)(bin)客之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)例,非通称也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“朝觐宗遇会同(tong),君(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)也(ye)”者,此即诸(zhu)侯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宾(bin)(bin),故云(yun)(yun)(yun)君(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“存(cun)ぽ省聘问(wen),臣(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)也(ye)”者,存(cun)ぽ省三(san)者,天(tian)子使(shi)臣(chen)抚邦国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)。聘问(wen)二者,是诸(zhu)侯使(shi)臣(chen)行(xing)聘时聘殷ぽ问(wen)天(tian)子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)。其礼(li)(li)已备(bei)於(wu)上,小(xiao)行(xing)人(ren)略(lve)言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)。

达(da)天下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)六节(jie)(jie):山国(guo)用(yong)虎(hu)节(jie)(jie),土国(guo)用(yong)人(ren)节(jie)(jie),泽国(guo)用(yong)龙(long)(long)节(jie)(jie),皆以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)金为之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。道(dao)路用(yong)旌节(jie)(jie),门(men)关(guan)(guan)用(yong)符节(jie)(jie),都(dou)鄙用(yong)管节(jie)(jie),皆以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)竹为之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。(此谓邦(bang)(bang)(bang)国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节(jie)(jie)也(ye)(ye)。达(da)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe),使(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)四(si)方,亦皆赍法式以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)齐(qi)等之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。诸侯使(shi)臣行ぽ聘(pin),则以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)金节(jie)(jie)授之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为行道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)信也(ye)(ye)。虎(hu)、人(ren)、龙(long)(long)者(zhe),自其国(guo)象也(ye)(ye)。道(dao)路,谓乡(xiang)(xiang)遂大夫也(ye)(ye)。都(dou)鄙者(zhe),公之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)弟(di)及(ji)卿(qing)大夫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)采地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)吏也(ye)(ye)。凡邦(bang)(bang)(bang)国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民远出至他邦(bang)(bang)(bang),他邦(bang)(bang)(bang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民苦来入(ru),由国(guo)门(men)者(zhe),门(men)人(ren)为之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节(jie)(jie)。由关(guan)(guan)者(zhe),关(guan)(guan)人(ren)为之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节(jie)(jie)。其以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)徵(zhi)令及(ji)家徙(xi),乡(xiang)(xiang)遂大夫及(ji)采地吏为之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节(jie)(jie)。皆使(shi)人(ren)执(zhi)节(jie)(jie)将之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)达(da)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亦有(you)(you)期以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)反节(jie)(jie)。管节(jie)(jie),如(ru)今之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)竹使(shi)符也(ye)(ye)。其有(you)(you)商者(zhe),通之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)符节(jie)(jie),如(ru)门(men)关(guan)(guan)。门(men)关(guan)(guan)者(zhe)与市(shi)联(lian)事,节(jie)(jie)可同也(ye)(ye),亦所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)异(yi)於畿内也(ye)(ye)。凡节(jie)(jie),有(you)(you)天子(zi)法式,存於国(guo)。)

[疏]“达天”至“为之”
  ○释曰:此经亦是四方之事。言“达天下之六节”者,据诸侯国而言。《掌节》所云,据畿内也。虎节、人节、龙节三者,据诸侯使臣出聘所执。旌节、符节、管节三者,据在国所用。
  ○注“此谓”至“於国”
  ○释曰:云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“此(ci)(ci)谓(wei)邦(bang)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),对掌(zhang)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)所(suo)(suo)(suo)掌(zhang)者(zhe)(zhe)兼主(zhu)(zhu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“达(da)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe),使(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)四方,亦(yi)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)赍法式以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)齐(qi)等(deng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),亦(yi)如(ru)(ru)上(shang)大(da)行(xing)人(ren)达(da)瑞(rui)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng),使(shi)(shi)赍法式往就齐(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯使(shi)(shi)臣(chen)(chen)行(xing)ぽ聘(pin),则以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)金(jin)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)授(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe),知(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)使(shi)(shi)臣(chen)(chen)行(xing)所(suo)(suo)(suo)执者(zhe)(zhe),见《掌(zhang)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“凡(fan)邦(bang)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),山(shan)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)虎节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)”,故(gu)知(zhi)(zhi)此(ci)(ci)亦(yi)使(shi)(shi)臣(chen)(chen)所(suo)(suo)(suo)执也(ye)(ye)(ye)。诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯身行(xing)不须(xu)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其尊著(zhu),故(gu)不须(xu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。按《掌(zhang)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“守(shou)邦(bang)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)者(zhe)(zhe)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)玉(yu)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)”,注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“谓(wei)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯於(wu)(wu)其国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)王(wang)(wang)(wang)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制,如(ru)(ru)玉(yu)为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)命数为(wei)大(da)小。”此(ci)(ci)不达(da)玉(yu)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)者(zhe)(zhe),文(wen)略耳。亦(yi)达(da)可(ke)(ke)知(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“道路谓(wei)乡遂(sui)大(da)夫(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),按《掌(zhang)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)》注变乡遂(sui)言(yan)(yan)道路者(zhe)(zhe),容(rong)公邑大(da)夫(fu)及小都(dou)(dou)大(da)都(dou)(dou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)吏(li)。今此(ci)(ci)旌节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),何知(zhi)(zhi)不亦(yi)容(rong)都(dou)(dou)鄙(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)吏(li),而(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)都(dou)(dou)鄙(bi)(bi)吏(li)在(zai)管(guan)(guan)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)者(zhe)(zhe),彼都(dou)(dou)鄙(bi)(bi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)角(jiao)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),文(wen)在(zai)上(shang),当(dang)直是(shi)都(dou)(dou)鄙(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主(zhu)(zhu)。此(ci)(ci)都(dou)(dou)鄙(bi)(bi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)管(guan)(guan)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),最在(zai)下,明都(dou)(dou)鄙(bi)(bi)吏(li)在(zai)其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。若然,邦(bang)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),都(dou)(dou)鄙(bi)(bi)主(zhu)(zhu)及吏(li)同(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)管(guan)(guan)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)矣(yi)。知(zhi)(zhi)公之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子孙亦(yi)有采地者(zhe)(zhe),见《礼运》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯有国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)处(chu)其子孙”,故(gu)知(zhi)(zhi)亦(yi)如(ru)(ru)王(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子弟以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)亲疏食采也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“凡(fan)邦(bang)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)远出至他(ta)(ta)邦(bang),他(ta)(ta)邦(bang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)若来(lai)人(ren),由国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)门(men)者(zhe)(zhe),门(men)人(ren)为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),由关者(zhe)(zhe),关人(ren)为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)”者(zhe)(zhe),《司关》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“堂(tang)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)货(huo)(huo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)联门(men)市”,故(gu)知(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)由之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)处(chu),皆(jie)(jie)(jie)得授(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“其以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)徵(zhi)令及家徙(xi),乡遂(sui)大(da)夫(fu)及采地吏(li)为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)”者(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其皆(jie)(jie)(jie)主(zhu)(zhu)民(min)(min),故(gu)授(shou)民(min)(min)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“皆(jie)(jie)(jie)使(shi)(shi)人(ren)执节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)将之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)达(da)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe),《比长》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“邦(bang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)徙(xi)於(wu)(wu)郊,则从而(er)授(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”明皆(jie)(jie)(jie)将送使(shi)(shi)达(da)前(qian)所(suo)(suo)(suo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“管(guan)(guan)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),如(ru)(ru)今之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)竹使(shi)(shi)符(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),《汉文(wen)本纪》文(wen)帝六年(nian)九月,“初(chu)与郡国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)守(shou)相为(wei)铜虎符(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、竹使(shi)(shi)符(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)”。应劭曰“竹使(shi)(shi)符(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),皆(jie)(jie)(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)竹箭五枚,长五寸,镌刻篆书第一至第五”是(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“其有商者(zhe)(zhe),通之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)符(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),如(ru)(ru)门(men)关。门(men)关者(zhe)(zhe)与市联事,节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)可(ke)(ke)同(tong)(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),《掌(zhang)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“货(huo)(huo)贿(hui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)玺(xi)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),门(men)关用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)符(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)”,各(ge)别。《司关》既(ji)言(yan)(yan)“掌(zhang)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)货(huo)(huo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)联门(men)市”,门(men)市节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)既(ji)相联,此(ci)(ci)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)无货(huo)(huo)贿(hui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)玺(xi)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),明同(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)符(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)可(ke)(ke)知(zhi)(zhi),故(gu)为(wei)此(ci)(ci)解也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“亦(yi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)异(yi)(yi)於(wu)(wu)畿内也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),畿内,货(huo)(huo)贿(hui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)玺(xi)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),门(men)关用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)符(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),畿外同(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)符(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),是(shi)异(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“凡(fan)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),有天(tian)子法式,存於(wu)(wu)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)”者(zhe)(zhe),虽无正文(wen),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)意量,王(wang)(wang)(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)颁(ban)度量於(wu)(wu)天(tian)下,其节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)瑞(rui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng),皆(jie)(jie)(jie)是(shi)法式,故(gu)知(zhi)(zhi)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)有瑞(rui)节(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)法式也(ye)(ye)(ye)。

成六瑞:王用圭,公用桓圭,侯用信圭,伯用躬圭,子用璧,男用蒲璧。(成,平也。瑞,信也。皆朝见所执以为信。
  ○,刘吐电反(fan),按王执(zhi)镇圭,宜(yi)作镇音。)

[疏]“成六”至“蒲璧”
  ○释曰:此亦(yi)通四(si)方。若然(ran),诸侯(hou)国无镇圭,因(yin)言之(zhi)。六(liu)瑞,玉人所造(zao)。典瑞之(zhi)令(ling),小行人直平知得失而已。不言达六(liu)瑞者(zhe),诸侯(hou)受命(ming)已得之(zhi),不令(ling)别作法(fa)式以齐,故不言达也。

合六币:圭以马,璋以皮,璧以帛,琮以锦,琥以绣,璜以黼。此六物者,以和诸侯之好故。(合,同也。六币,所以享也。五等诸侯享天子用璧,享后用琮,其大各如其瑞,皆有庭实,以马若皮。皮,虎豹皮也。用圭璋者,二王之後也。二王後尊,故享用圭璋而特之。《礼器》曰“圭璋特”,义亦通於此。其於诸侯,亦用璧琮耳。子男於诸侯,则享用琥璜,下其瑞也。凡二王後、诸侯相享之玉,大小各降其瑞一等。及使卿大夫ぽ聘,亦如之。
  ○琮(cong),才(cai)宗反。琥,音虎。璜(huang),音黄。好,呼报反。)

[疏]“合六”至“好故”
  ○释曰:此亦小行人至诸侯之国也。此六者之中,有圭以马,璋以皮,二者本非币,云“六币”者,二者虽非币帛,以用之当币处,故总号为币也。此六言合,以两两相配,配合之义,故言合也。
  ○注“合同”至“如之”
  ○释曰(yue)(yue)(yue):云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“合(he)同(tong)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),配合(he)即是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和同(tong)故(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“六币(bi),所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),对(dui)上文(wen)六者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)时所(suo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“五(wu)等(deng)(deng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)天子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)璧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi),享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后用(yong)(yong)(yong)琮(cong)(cong),其(qi)(qi)(qi)大(da)各(ge)(ge)如(ru)其(qi)(qi)(qi)瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)”,《玉(yu)人(ren)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“璧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)琮(cong)(cong)九(jiu)寸(cun)(cun)(cun),诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)天子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)”,注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),献(xian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)礼(li),享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)君(jun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)璧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi),享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)夫(fu)人(ren)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)琮(cong)(cong)。”引(yin)此(ci)(ci)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),欲明(ming)(ming)君(jun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)琮(cong)(cong),故(gu)《觐(jin)(jin)礼(li)》享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)天子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“束(shu)帛(bo)加璧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)”,是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)施于天子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。不(bu)(bu)言享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后,文(wen)不(bu)(bu)具。言九(jiu)寸(cun)(cun)(cun),据(ju)上公(gong)(gong)而(er)言。明(ming)(ming)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)伯(bo)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)男(nan)皆(jie)(jie)如(ru)瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)。知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)男(nan)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)天子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)亦(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)璧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)琮(cong)(cong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《觐(jin)(jin)礼(li)》总称“侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)氏(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)璧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)”,明(ming)(ming)五(wu)等(deng)(deng)同(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“皆(jie)(jie)有(you)庭(ting)实(shi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)马若(ruo)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),按(an)《觐(jin)(jin)礼(li)》“三享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)皆(jie)(jie)束(shu)帛(bo)加璧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi),庭(ting)实(shi)惟(wei)国所(suo)有(you),奉束(shu)帛(bo),匹马卓上,九(jiu)马随之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),中(zhong)庭(ting)西(xi)上”,是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)马也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)礼(li)》“奉束(shu)帛(bo)加璧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),庭(ting)实(shi)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)则(ze)(ze)摄之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”,是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)礼(li)记(ji)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)“皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)马相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)间可”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi),虎豹(bao)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《郊(jiao)特牲》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“处(chu)豹(bao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi),示服(fu)猛(meng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”,是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)时所(suo)用(yong)(yong)(yong),故(gu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“用(yong)(yong)(yong)圭(gui)(gui)璋(zhang)(zhang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),二王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)後(hou)(hou)(hou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),二王(wang)後(hou)(hou)(hou)尊(zun),故(gu)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)圭(gui)(gui)璋(zhang)(zhang)而(er)特之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),按(an)《玉(yu)人(ren)》“璧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)琮(cong)(cong)九(jiu)寸(cun)(cun)(cun),诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)天子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)”。言九(jiu)寸(cun)(cun)(cun),则(ze)(ze)上公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li),上公(gong)(gong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)璧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)琮(cong)(cong),则(ze)(ze)圭(gui)(gui)璋(zhang)(zhang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二王(wang)後(hou)(hou)(hou)明(ming)(ming)矣(yi)。言而(er)特之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),惟(wei)有(you)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)马,无(wu)束(shu)帛(bo)可加,故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)特。如(ru)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)马不(bu)(bu)上堂,陈於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)庭(ting),则(ze)(ze)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)马之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外,别有(you)庭(ting)实(shi)可知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。“其(qi)(qi)(qi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),亦(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)璧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)琮(cong)(cong)”,知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),见(jian)《玉(yu)人(ren)职(zhi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“彖(tuan)琮(cong)(cong)八(ba)(ba)(ba)寸(cun)(cun)(cun),诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)夫(fu)人(ren)”,明(ming)(ming)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)君(jun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)璧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)琮(cong)(cong)八(ba)(ba)(ba)寸(cun)(cun)(cun),是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)下(xia)(xia)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)天子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)。如(ru)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),明(ming)(ming)二王(wang)後(hou)(hou)(hou)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),不(bu)(bu)可同(tong)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)天子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)圭(gui)(gui)璋(zhang)(zhang),则(ze)(ze)用(yong)(yong)(yong)璧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)琮(cong)(cong)可知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。言是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)两公(gong)(gong)自(zi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)朝(chao)(chao)(chao),二王(wang)後(hou)(hou)(hou)称公(gong)(gong),是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)还同(tong)二王(wang)後(hou)(hou)(hou)可知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。引(yin)《礼(li)器》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),彼圭(gui)(gui)璋(zhang)(zhang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),据(ju)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)时所(suo)行,无(wu)束(shu)帛(bo),可知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)圭(gui)(gui)璋(zhang)(zhang)特之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“亦(yi)(yi)通於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)此(ci)(ci)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),彼朝(chao)(chao)(chao)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圭(gui)(gui)特,亦(yi)(yi)通此(ci)(ci)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)圭(gui)(gui)璋(zhang)(zhang),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)亦(yi)(yi)通於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)此(ci)(ci)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)男(nan)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)琥(hu)(hu)璜(huang),下(xia)(xia)其(qi)(qi)(qi)瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《觐(jin)(jin)礼(li)》,子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)男(nan)已入侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)氏(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)璧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)琮(cong)(cong)中(zhong),则(ze)(ze)此(ci)(ci)琥(hu)(hu)璜(huang)不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)何用(yong)(yong)(yong)。二王(wang)後(hou)(hou)(hou)自(zi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),退(tui)入璧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)琮(cong)(cong),则(ze)(ze)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)男(nan)自(zi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),退(tui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)琥(hu)(hu)璜(huang)可知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。且子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)男(nan)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)时用(yong)(yong)(yong)璧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi),自(zi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)等(deng)(deng),故(gu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)琥(hu)(hu)璜(huang)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“凡二王(wang)後(hou)(hou)(hou)、诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)玉(yu),大(da)小各(ge)(ge)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)其(qi)(qi)(qi)瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)等(deng)(deng)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《玉(yu)人(ren)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“彖(tuan)琮(cong)(cong)八(ba)(ba)(ba)寸(cun)(cun)(cun),诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)夫(fu)人(ren)。”礼(li)重无(wu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)八(ba)(ba)(ba)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法,明(ming)(ming)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)上公(gong)(gong)九(jiu)寸(cun)(cun)(cun),降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)等(deng)(deng)至(zhi)八(ba)(ba)(ba)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)。上公(gong)(gong)既降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun),则(ze)(ze)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)伯(bo)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)男(nan)各(ge)(ge)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)等(deng)(deng)可知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。二王(wang)後(hou)(hou)(hou)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)朝(chao)(chao)(chao),敌,无(wu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)尊(zun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法,明(ming)(ming)亦(yi)(yi)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun),见(jian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)男(nan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),虽(sui)退(tui)入琥(hu)(hu)璜(huang),亦(yi)(yi)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)可知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。若(ruo)然(ran),知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)五(wu)等(deng)(deng)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)自(zi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)朝(chao)(chao)(chao),圭(gui)(gui)璋(zhang)(zhang)亦(yi)(yi)如(ru)其(qi)(qi)(qi)命数,其(qi)(qi)(qi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)璧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)琮(cong)(cong)等(deng)(deng),则(ze)(ze)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)。知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《玉(yu)人(ren)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“璧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)琮(cong)(cong)八(ba)(ba)(ba)寸(cun)(cun)(cun),诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)夫(fu)人(ren)。”据(ju)上公(gong)(gong)会,不(bu)(bu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)圭(gui)(gui)璋(zhang)(zhang)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)所(suo)执者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),明(ming)(ming)圭(gui)(gui)璋(zhang)(zhang)自(zi)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)天子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)所(suo)执。故(gu)《聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)礼(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)天子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),圭(gui)(gui)与缫皆(jie)(jie)九(jiu)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)”,上公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)玉(yu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“问诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),朱绿缫八(ba)(ba)(ba)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)”,注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)天子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)朝(chao)(chao)(chao),於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)问,记(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)文(wen)互相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)备。”以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)上公(gong)(gong)为然(ran),侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)伯(bo)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)男(nan)可知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“及使卿大(da)夫(fu)ぽ聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin),亦(yi)(yi)如(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”,直言ぽ聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)亦(yi)(yi)如(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),不(bu)(bu)分别享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)与聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin),则(ze)(ze)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)皆(jie)(jie)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun),同(tong),故(gu)《玉(yu)人(ren)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“缘圭(gui)(gui)璋(zhang)(zhang)八(ba)(ba)(ba)寸(cun)(cun)(cun),璧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)琮(cong)(cong)八(ba)(ba)(ba)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)ぽ聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)。”此(ci)(ci)据(ju)上公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣圭(gui)(gui)璋(zhang)(zhang)璧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)琮(cong)(cong)皆(jie)(jie)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)等(deng)(deng),其(qi)(qi)(qi)馀俟伯(bo)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)男(nan)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)明(ming)(ming)矣(yi)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)男(nan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),不(bu)(bu)得过(guo)君(jun),用(yong)(yong)(yong)琥(hu)(hu)璜(huang)可知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。

若国札丧,则令赙补之;若国凶荒,则令周委之;若国师役,则令槁礻会之;若国有福事,则令庆贺之;若国有祸,则令哀吊之。凡此五物者,治其事故。(故书“赙”作“传”,“稿”为“”。郑司农云:“赙补之,谓赙丧家,补助其不足也。若今时一室二尸,则官与之棺也。当为槁,谓稿师也。”玄谓师役者,国有兵寇以匮病者也。使邻国合会财货以与之。《春秋》定五年夏,“归粟於蔡”是也。《宗伯职》曰:“以礻会礼哀围败。”祸,水火。
  ○槁,苦(ku)报反。礻会,音会。,古老反。)

[疏]“若国”至“事故”
  ○释曰:此(ci)(ci)一经(jing),据(ju)上下文皆据(ju)诸侯国(guo)。此(ci)(ci)文虽皆单(dan)言国(guo),亦据(ju)诸侯而言。按《宗伯(bo)(bo)(bo)》云“以(yi)(yi)丧礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)哀(ai)死(si)亡”此(ci)(ci)云“国(guo)札丧则(ze)令赙补之(zhi)”不(bu)(bu)(bu)同者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),彼据(ju)吊葬致哀(ai),此(ci)(ci)据(ju)设财物补其(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足,相(xiang)(xiang)包(bao)乃(nai)贝也(ye)。又此(ci)(ci)“国(guo)凶(xiong)荒则(ze)令周(zhou)委(wei)之(zhi)”,《宗伯(bo)(bo)(bo)》云“以(yi)(yi)荒礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)哀(ai)凶(xiong)札”,不(bu)(bu)(bu)同者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),言哀(ai)凶(xiong)札者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),自(zi)贬损,故《曲礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》云“岁凶(xiong),年不(bu)(bu)(bu)登,君膳不(bu)(bu)(bu)祭肺”之(zhi)类是(shi)也(ye)。此(ci)(ci)云周(zhou)委(wei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),令他人(ren)以(yi)(yi)财周(zhou)委(wei)之(zhi),亦相(xiang)(xiang)包(bao)乃(nai)成也(ye)。《宗伯(bo)(bo)(bo)》嘉礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)归(gui)番(fan),此(ci)(ci)不(bu)(bu)(bu)见(jian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),诸侯无自(zi)相(xiang)(xiang)归(gui)番(fan)法故也(ye)。但(dan)凶(xiong)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)有(you)五,惟(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)见(jian)恤礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),以(yi)(yi)义差(cha)之(zhi),当於(wu)师役中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)兼(jian)之(zhi)。嘉礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)有(you)六,此(ci)(ci)惟(wei)言贺庆一者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),其(qi)饮食(shi)、冠昏、宾射、飨燕之(zhi)法,皆当国(guo)自(zi)行,非是(shi)相(xiang)(xiang)交通(tong)之(zhi)物,故此(ci)(ci)不(bu)(bu)(bu)言之(zhi)。其(qi)吉礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)、牢礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)、宾礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)并(bing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)言者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),天子颁之(zhi),非所以(yi)(yi)通(tong)行之(zhi)事,故不(bu)(bu)(bu)言也(ye)。但(dan)此(ci)(ci)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)札丧在丧礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),《宗伯(bo)(bo)(bo)》荒札荒礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),欲(yu)见(jian)札而复(fu)荒,则(ze)与荒札同科(ke),若(ruo)札而不(bu)(bu)(bu)荒,自(zi)从丧礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)也(ye)。注“《春秋(qiu)》定(ding)五年夏,归(gui)粟於(wu)蔡”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),按定(ding)四年秋(qiu),楚人(ren)围蔡,故五年归(gui)其(qi)粟。

及其万民之利害为一书,其礼俗政事教治刑禁之逆顺为一书,其悖逆暴乱作慝犹犯令者为一书,其札丧凶荒厄贫为一书,其康乐和亲安平为一书。凡此物者,每国辨异之,以反命于王,以周知天下之故。(慝,恶也。犹,图也。
  ○治,直吏(li)反。乐,音洛。)

[疏]“及其”至“之故”
  ○释(shi)曰:此(ci)总陈(chen)小行人使四方(fang),所(suo)采(cai)风俗善恶之(zhi)事。各各条(tiao)录,别为一(yi)书,以(yi)(yi)报上也。此(ci)五者,上二条(tiao),条(tiao)别善恶俱(ju)有(you),故(gu)利害逆(ni)顺并言(yan)。“其(qi)悖逆(ni)”一(yi)条(tiao),专陈(chen)奸寇之(zhi)事。“其(qi)札丧”一(yi)条(tiao),专陈(chen)凶(xiong)祸之(zhi)事。“其(qi)康乐(le)”一(yi)条(tiao),专陈(chen)安泰之(zhi)事。是方(fang)以(yi)(yi)类聚,物以(yi)(yi)群分者也。

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