●卷四
醢人掌四豆之实。朝事之豆,其实韭菹、醢,昌本、麋,菁菹、鹿,茆菹、麇。(,肉汁也。昌本,昌蒲根,切之四寸为菹。三赞亦醢也。作醢及赞者,必先膊乾其肉,乃後之,杂以梁麴及盐,渍以美酒,涂置<垂瓦>中百日则成矣。郑司农云:“麋,麋髓醢。或曰麋,酱也。有骨为,无骨为醢。菁菹,韭菹。”郑大夫读茆为茅。茅菹,茅初生。或曰茆,水草。杜子春读茆为卯。玄谓菁,蔓菁也。茆,凫葵也。凡菹醢皆以气味相成,其状未闻。
○韭,音(yin)久。菹,庄鱼反(fan)。,吐感反(fan),本(ben)又作(zuo){沈(shen)皿},或一音(yin)昌(chang)审反(fan)。,乃兮反(fan),又人齐(qi)反(fan)。菁,作(zuo)宁反(fan),又音(yin)精。茆(mao),音(yin)卯(mao),北(bei)人音(yin)柳(liu)。麇,京伦反(fan)。膊(bo),普博(bo)反(fan)。,仓卧反(fan)。,户谏反(fan),徐户反(fan)。蔓音(yin)万,又莫干反(fan),徐音(yin)蛮。)
[疏]“醢人”至“麇”
○释曰:言“四豆之实本又作者,豆与笾并设,节数与四笾同时,亦谓朝事馈食,加豆羞豆之实是也。言“朝事之豆”者,亦谓朝践节。云“其实韭菹醢”者,於豆内齑菹之类,菜肉通全物,若为菹,细切为齑。又不言菹者,皆是齑,则昌本之类是也。言“昌本”,本,根也,昌蒲根为齑。言“麇”者,以麋肉为醢,以其并骨为之则曰。菁菹、鹿赞、茆菹、麇为八豆,并后设之。
○注“肉”至“未闻”
○释曰(yue):言“肉汁(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe),者(zhe)以(yi)(yi)肉为(wei)(wei)之(zhi),汁(zhi)(zhi)即是(shi)肉汁(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“昌本(ben),昌蒲根”者(zhe),本(ben)训根。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“切之(zhi)四寸(cun)为(wei)(wei)菹(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)”者(zhe),但菹(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)四寸(cun)无正文,盖以(yi)(yi)一握(wo)为(wei)(wei)限,一握(wo)则(ze)四寸(cun)也(ye),即是(shi)全(quan)物若。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“作醢(hai)及”已(yi)下(xia)者(zhe),郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)以(yi)(yi)当时之(zhi)法(fa)解之(zhi)。案(an)《王制(zhi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“一为(wei)(wei)乾豆”。郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“谓(wei)腊之(zhi)以(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)祭祀豆实也(ye)。”脯(fu)非(fei)豆实,亦谓(wei)作醢(hai),始得在豆,与此先(xian)膊(bo)乾其肉义(yi)(yi)(yi)合。郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)司农(nong)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“麇,麋(mi)髓醢(hai)”,此义(yi)(yi)(yi)後(hou)(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)不(bu)从(cong)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“或曰(yue)麇,酱(jiang)也(ye)。有骨(gu)为(wei)(wei),无骨(gu)为(wei)(wei)醢(hai)”,後(hou)(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)从(cong)之(zhi)。又“菁菹(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu),韭(jiu)(jiu)菹(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)”者(zhe),以(yi)(yi)菁为(wei)(wei)韭(jiu)(jiu)菁,於(wu)义(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)可(ke),後(hou)(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)不(bu)从(cong)。若为(wei)(wei)菲(fei)字,菲(fei)则(ze)蔓菁,於(wu)义(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)是(shi)。後(hou)(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)不(bu)应(ying)破之(zhi),明本(ben)作韭(jiu)(jiu),不(bu)作菲(fei)也(ye)。“郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)大夫(fu)读茆(mao)为(wei)(wei)茅。茅菹(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu),茅初生”者(zhe),茅草非(fei)人可(ke)食(shi)之(zhi)物,不(bu)堪为(wei)(wei)菹(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)。“或曰(yue)茆(mao),水草”,後(hou)(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)从(cong)之(zhi)。“杜(du)子春读茆(mao)为(wei)(wei)卯”,於(wu)义(yi)(yi)(yi)亦是(shi)。“玄谓(wei)菁,蔓菁”者(zhe),破司农(nong)为(wei)(wei)韭(jiu)(jiu)菁。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“茆(mao),凫(fu)葵也(ye)”者(zhe),增成子春等义(yi)(yi)(yi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“凡菹(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)醢(hai)皆(jie)以(yi)(yi)气味(wei)相(xiang)成,其状未(wei)(wei)闻(wen)”者(zhe),经云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)韭(jiu)(jiu)菹(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)醢(hai)已(yi)下(xia),两两相(xiang)配者(zhe),皆(jie)是(shi)气味(wei)相(xiang)成,之(zhi)状不(bu)可(ke)知,故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)其状未(wei)(wei)闻(wen)。
馈食之豆,其实葵菹、蠃醢、脾析、[C231]醢,蜃、氐醢,豚拍、鱼醢。(蠃,蝓。蜃,大蛤。氐,蛾子。郑司农云“脾析,牛百叶也。[C231],蛤也”。郑大夫、杜子春皆以拍为膊,谓胁也。或曰豚拍,肩也。今河间名豚胁声如锻。
○蠃,力禾反(fan)(fan)。脾,婢支(zhi)反(fan)(fan),徐蒲(pu)隹反(fan)(fan)。析,星历(li)反(fan)(fan)。[C231],蒲(pu)加反(fan)(fan),徐薄(bo)鸡反(fan)(fan)。蜃,音(yin)(yin)市轸反(fan)(fan)。拍(pai),音(yin)(yin)博。,音(yin)(yin)移,又(you)音(yin)(yin)夷。蝓,音(yin)(yin)揄,又(you)音(yin)(yin)由。蛤(ha),音(yin)(yin)ト。蛾,音(yin)(yin)鱼绮反(fan)(fan)。膊,音(yin)(yin)博,下同。)
[疏]“馈食”至“鱼醢”
○释曰:言“馈食之豆”者,亦与馈食之笾同时而荐。“其实葵菹、蠃醢”者,此八豆之内,脾析、蜃、豚拍三者不言菹,皆齑也。
○注“蠃”至“锻”
○释(shi)曰:言“嬴,蝓。蜃,大蛤。氐,蛾子”,皆《尔雅》文(wen)。“郑司农云(yun),脾析,牛百叶(ye)也”者,无正文(wen)可破,故(gu)(gu)後郑从之(zhi)。云(yun)“[C231],蛤也”者,谓小蛤,亦於《鳖人》释(shi)讫。郑大夫、杜(du)子春皆以拍(pai)(pai)为膊,谓胁(xie)也者,此释(shi)经(jing)“豚(tun)(tun)拍(pai)(pai)”,谓豚(tun)(tun)胁(xie)也。云(yun)“或曰豚(tun)(tun)拍(pai)(pai),肩也”者,谓豚(tun)(tun)肩也。云(yun)“今(jin)河(he)间名豚(tun)(tun)胁(xie)声如锻(duan)”者,此子春等(deng)二(er)人虽(sui)复为豚(tun)(tun)肩解之(zhi),仍从前豚(tun)(tun)胁(xie)为义(yi),故(gu)(gu)云(yun)声如豚(tun)(tun)拍(pai)(pai)。
加豆之实,芹菹、兔醢、深蒲、醢、{治}菹、雁醢、笋菹、鱼醢。(芹,楚葵也。郑司农云:“深蒲,蒲入水深,故曰深蒲。或曰深蒲,桑耳。醢,肉酱也。{治},水中鱼衣。”故书雁或为鹑。杜子春云:“当为雁。”玄谓深蒲,蒲始生水中子。{治},箭萌。┺,竹萌。
○芹,音(yin)勤,徐又(you)音(yin)谨,《说文》作{艹近},云:“菜类,蒿也,音(yin)谨。”{治}音(yin)迨,《尔雅》作{治},同,司(si)农云:“水中(zhong)鱼衣也。”当(dang)徒来反(fan),沈云:“北人(ren)音(yin)秃改(gai)反(fan),又(you)文之反(fan)”,未知所出。┺,息尹(yin)反(fan)。,音(yin)若。)
[疏]“加豆”至“鱼醢”
○释曰:此加豆之实,亦与加笾之实同时设之。“深蒲醢”者,深蒲谓蒲入水深以为齑,醢与朝事之豆同。“{治}菹”者,谓以{治}箭萌为菹也。云“笋菹”者,谓竹萌为菹也。
○注“芹楚”至“竹萌”
○释(shi)曰:“芹,楚葵”,出《尔雅》。“郑司农(nong)云,深(shen)蒲(pu)(pu),蒲(pu)(pu)入水(shui)(shui)深(shen),故曰深(shen)蒲(pu)(pu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),史游《急(ji)就章》云:“蒲(pu)(pu),蔺席。”蒲(pu)(pu)只堪为(wei)(wei)(wei)席,不(bu)可为(wei)(wei)(wei)菹,故後郑不(bu)从(cong)(cong)。云“或曰深(shen)蒲(pu)(pu),桑耳(er)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),既(ji)名为(wei)(wei)(wei)蒲(pu)(pu),何得更(geng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)桑耳(er)?故後郑亦(yi)不(bu)从(cong)(cong)。云“{治(zhi)(zhi)},水(shui)(shui)中鱼衣”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此{治(zhi)(zhi)}字(zi)既(ji)下为(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi),非(fei)是水(shui)(shui)物,不(bu)得为(wei)(wei)(wei)鱼衣,故後郑不(bu)从(cong)(cong)。“玄(xuan)谓深(shen)蒲(pu)(pu),蒲(pu)(pu)始生水(shui)(shui)中子”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此後郑以(yi)时事(shi)而(er)知(zhi),破先郑也(ye)。云“{治(zhi)(zhi)},箭萌”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),一(yi)名筱者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)。“笋,竹萌”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),一(yi)名者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)。萌皆谓新生者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye),见今皆为(wei)(wei)(wei)菹。
羞豆之实,酏食、糁食。(郑司农云:“酏食,以酒酏为饼。糁食,菜饣束蒸。”玄谓酏,{衍食}也。《内则》曰:“取稻米举蚤溲之,小切狼蜀膏,以与稻米为{衍食}。”又曰:“糁,取牛羊豕之肉三如一,小切之,与稻米,稻米二肉一,合以为饵,煎之。”
○酏食(shi),音(yin)(yin)嗣,下同。糁(san),素感反(fan)(fan)(fan)。饣束,音(yin)(yin)速(su)。{衍(yan)食(shi)},之然(ran)反(fan)(fan)(fan)。蚤(zao),思柳反(fan)(fan)(fan),刘相早反(fan)(fan)(fan),徐相幼反(fan)(fan)(fan)。溲,所柳反(fan)(fan)(fan)。蜀,昌蜀反(fan)(fan)(fan),一音(yin)(yin)粟。)
[疏]“羞豆”至“糁食”
○释曰:此羞豆之实亦与羞笾之实同特设之。言“酏食”者,谓{衍食}与糁食为二豆。
○注“郑司”至“煎之”
○释曰:司农云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“酏(yi)(yi)(yi)食(shi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)酒酏(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)饼(bing)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),酏(yi)(yi)(yi),粥也(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)酒酏(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)饼(bing),若(ruo)今起胶饼(bing)。文(wen)无(wu)所出,故(gu)後郑(zheng)不从。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“糁(san)食(shi),菜(cai)饣(shi)束(shu)(shu)蒸”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),若(ruo)今煮菜(cai)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蒸菜(cai)也(ye)(ye)。亦(yi)文(wen)无(wu)所出,後郑(zheng)亦(yi)不从。“玄(xuan)谓(wei)酏(yi)(yi)(yi),{衍(yan)(yan)(yan)食(shi)}也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案(an)(an)《杂问志》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):《内则(ze)》{衍(yan)(yan)(yan)食(shi)}次(ci)糁(san),《周礼》酏(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)糁(san)。又(you)(you)酏(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)六(liu)饮中(zhong),不合在(zai)豆(dou)(dou)。且《内则(ze)》有(you)(you){衍(yan)(yan)(yan)食(shi)}无(wu)酏(yi)(yi)(yi),《周礼》有(you)(you)酏(yi)(yi)(yi)无(wu){衍(yan)(yan)(yan)食(shi)},明酏(yi)(yi)(yi)、{衍(yan)(yan)(yan)食(shi)}是(shi)一也(ye)(ye)。故(gu)破酏(yi)(yi)(yi)从{衍(yan)(yan)(yan)食(shi)}也(ye)(ye)。又(you)(you)引《内则(ze)》曰“取(qu)稻(dao)米举(ju)蚤(zao)(zao)溲(sou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案(an)(an)彼(bi)上注(zhu)(zhu),举(ju)犹皆也(ye)(ye)。蚤(zao)(zao)溲(sou),博异(yi)语(yu),谓(wei)取(qu)稻(dao)米皆叟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“小切狼蜀膏(gao)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),郑(zheng)彼(bi)注(zhu)(zhu):“狼蜀膏(gao),臆(yi)中(zhong)膏(gao)也(ye)(ye)。”云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“以(yi)(yi)(yi)与(yu)稻(dao)米为(wei){衍(yan)(yan)(yan)食(shi)}”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),彼(bi)郑(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“若(ruo)今膏(gao)<尸养(yang)>”。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“又(you)(you)曰糁(san),取(qu)牛羊豕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肉(rou)三如(ru)一”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),三肉(rou)等分(fen)(fen)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“小切之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)细切之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“与(yu)稻(dao)米,稻(dao)米二肉(rou)一”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)米二分(fen)(fen),肉(rou)一分(fen)(fen),合以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)饵煎(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。{衍(yan)(yan)(yan)食(shi)}糁(san)二者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)皆有(you)(you)肉(rou),《内则(ze)》文(wen),故(gu)不从先郑(zheng)。然则(ze)上有(you)(you)糗饵,彼(bi)饵无(wu)肉(rou)则(ze)入(ru)(ru)笾(bian)。此饵米肉(rou)俱有(you)(you),名之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)糁(san),即入(ru)(ru)豆(dou)(dou)。案(an)(an)《易·鼎卦(gua)》九(jiu)四:“鼎折足,覆(fu)公饣(shi)束(shu)(shu),其(qi)刑屋(wu)(wu)刂,凶。”郑(zheng)注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“糁(san)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)饣(shi)束(shu)(shu)。《震(zhen)》为(wei)竹(zhu)。竹(zhu)萌曰笋(sun)(sun)。笋(sun)(sun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),饣(shi)束(shu)(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)菜(cai)也(ye)(ye),是(shi)八(ba)(ba)珍(zhen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)食(shi)。臣(chen)下旷官,失君之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美道,当刑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於屋(wu)(wu)中(zhong)。”案(an)(an)上《膳夫》注(zhu)(zhu),八(ba)(ba)珍(zhen)取(qu)肝(gan),不取(qu)糁(san);郑(zheng)注(zhu)(zhu)《易》,糁(san)又(you)(you)入(ru)(ru)八(ba)(ba)珍(zhen)中(zhong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)糁(san)若(ruo)有(you)(you)菜(cai),则(ze)入(ru)(ru)八(ba)(ba)珍(zhen),不须肝(gan);若(ruo)糁(san)无(wu)菜(cai),则(ze)入(ru)(ru)羞(xiu)豆(dou)(dou),此文(wen)所引是(shi)也(ye)(ye)。八(ba)(ba)珍(zhen)则(ze)数肝(gan),故(gu)注(zhu)(zhu)不同(tong)。
凡祭祀,共荐羞之豆实,宾客、丧纪亦如之。为王及后、世子共其内羞。王举,则共醢六十瓮,以五齐、七醢、七菹、三实之。(齐当为齑。五齑,昌本、脾析、蜃、豚拍、深蒲也。七醢,、蠃、[C231]、氐、鱼、兔、雁醢。七菹,韭、菁、茆、葵、芹、{治}菹。三,麋、鹿、麇也。凡醯酱所和,细切为齑,全物若为菹。《少仪》曰:“麋鹿为菹,野豕为轩,皆而不切。麇为辟鸡,兔为宛脾,皆而切之。切葱若薤实之,醯以柔之。”由此言之,则齑菹之称,菜肉通。
○为王,于伪反(fan)(fan)。齐(qi),徐、刘子西(xi)反(fan)(fan),下同,沈才细反(fan)(fan)。,直(zhi)辄(zhe)反(fan)(fan)。少仪,时照反(fan)(fan)。轩,音(yin)献。皆,之(zhi)涉(she)反(fan)(fan),本(ben)或作聂,下同。辟,必(bi)亦反(fan)(fan),又音(yin)檗。宛,於阮反(fan)(fan),又音(yin)於月反(fan)(fan)。醯(xi),呼兮(xi)反(fan)(fan)。称,音(yin)尺证反(fan)(fan)。)
[疏]“凡祭”至“食之”
○释曰:“凡祭”至“内羞”,一与《笾人》同,上已释讫。“王举则共醢六十瓮”,此已下与《笾人》异,以其王举,不共笾实,唯有豆实。王举谓王日一举,鼎十有二,则醢人共醢六十瓮,以醢为主,其实有五齑七菹等。
○注“齐当”至“肉通”
○释曰(yue):“五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)齑(ji)(ji)(ji)”,昌本至深(shen)蒲(pu),此(ci)据豆内。不言(yan)菹(zu)(zu)者(zhe)(zhe)皆(jie)是齑(ji)(ji)(ji),以次数之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),有(you)(you)此(ci)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)而已(yi)。“七(qi)醢”,从醢至雁醢,加(jia)豆朝(chao)(chao)事(shi),醢有(you)(you)二,唯(wei)取一,则合此(ci)七(qi)也。“七(qi)菹(zu)(zu)”者(zhe)(zhe),亦从朝(chao)(chao)事(shi)至加(jia)豆已(yi)上(shang)(shang)有(you)(you)七(qi)。“三”者(zhe)(zhe),唯(wei)朝(chao)(chao)事(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)豆有(you)(you)此(ci)三。云“凡醯酱(jiang)所和(he)”者(zhe)(zhe),据此(ci),五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)齑(ji)(ji)(ji)、七(qi)菹(zu)(zu),皆(jie)须醯酱(jiang)所和(he),据醯人(ren)所掌(zhang),五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)齑(ji)(ji)(ji)、七(qi)菹(zu)(zu)是也。云“细切(qie)为(wei)齑(ji)(ji)(ji),全(quan)物若(ruo)为(wei)菹(zu)(zu)”者(zhe)(zhe),据上(shang)(shang)朝(chao)(chao)事(shi)馈(kui)食加(jia)豆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)内,有(you)(you)齑(ji)(ji)(ji)菹(zu)(zu)不同(tong),郑君(jun)欲引《少(shao)仪》为(wei)证,故(gu)先言(yan)此(ci)。云“《少(shao)仪》曰(yue)麋鹿为(wei)菹(zu)(zu),野豕为(wei)轩,皆(jie)而不切(qie)”者(zhe)(zhe),既言(yan)而不切(qie),则野豕为(wei)轩,亦菹(zu)(zu)类。云“麋为(wei)辟鸡,兔为(wei)宛脾,皆(jie)而切(qie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)谓(wei)报切(qie)节(jie)皆(jie)齑(ji)(ji)(ji)类。云“切(qie)葱若(ruo)薤(xie)实之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),醯以柔(rou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)杀其气。云“由此(ci)言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),则齑(ji)(ji)(ji)菹(zu)(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)称(cheng),菜(cai)肉(rou)通”者(zhe)(zhe),郑案(an)三豆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)内,七(qi)菹(zu)(zu)皆(jie)菜(cai)无(wu)肉(rou),五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)齑(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)内,菜(cai)肉(rou)相兼。若(ruo)据《少(shao)仪》,齑(ji)(ji)(ji)菹(zu)(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)称(cheng),菜(cai)肉(rou)通也。
宾客之礼,共醢(hai)五(wu)十瓮。(致饔饩时。)凡事,共醢(hai)。
[疏]“宾客”至“共醢”
○释曰:宾(bin)客谓五(wu)等诸(zhu)侯(hou)来朝也。天子致瓮(weng)(weng)饩(xi),与之(zhi)(zhi)醢(hai),故郑云“致饔饩(xi)时”也。案《掌(zhang)客》,上公(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)礼(li),醯醢(hai)百有(you)(you)二(er)十(shi)瓮(weng)(weng),侯(hou)伯百瓮(weng)(weng),子男八十(shi)瓮(weng)(weng)。此共醢(hai)五(wu)十(shi)瓮(weng)(weng),并醯人所(suo)共醯五(wu)十(shi)瓮(weng)(weng),共为(wei)百瓮(weng)(weng)。此据(ju)(ju)侯(hou)伯饔饩(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)礼(li),举中言之(zhi)(zhi),明兼有(you)(you)上公(gong)(gong)(gong)与子男。若然,上公(gong)(gong)(gong)百二(er)十(shi)瓮(weng)(weng),与王数(shu)同(tong)者(zhe),据(ju)(ju)二(er)王之(zhi)(zhi)後,王所(suo)尊敬者(zhe)而言。其(qi)同(tong)姓诸(zhu)侯(hou),唯鲁得与二(er)王後同(tong),其(qi)馀同(tong)姓,虽车服如上公(gong)(gong)(gong),从侯(hou)伯百瓮(weng)(weng)而已(yi)。又案《掌(zhang)客》,上公(gong)(gong)(gong)已(yi)下,并是诸(zhu)侯(hou)自相(xiang)待法(fa),天子待诸(zhu)侯(hou),亦与之(zhi)(zhi)同(tong)。又案《聘礼(li)》,待聘臣(chen)亦云醯醢(hai)百瓮(weng)(weng),得与诸(zhu)侯(hou)同(tong)者(zhe),彼别为(wei)臣(chen)礼(li),礼(li)有(you)(you)损之(zhi)(zhi)而益(yi),故子男之(zhi)(zhi)卿百瓮(weng)(weng),其(qi)数(shu)多於君。
醯人掌共五齐七菹,凡醯物。以共祭祀之齐菹,凡醯酱之物。宾客亦如之。(齐菹酱属醯人者,皆须醯成味。
○齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),子(zi)兮反(fan),下“之(zhi)(zhi)齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)”、“共齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)”、“酱齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)”皆同。)王举,则共齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)菹醯(xi)物(wu)六十(shi)瓮,其(qi)后(hou)及(ji)世(shi)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)酱齐(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)菹。宾客(ke)之(zhi)(zhi)礼,共醯(xi)五十(shi)瓮。凡(fan)事(shi),共醯(xi)。
[疏]“醯人”至“共醯”
○释曰(yue):云(yun)(yun)“掌(zhang)共(gong)(gong)五齐(qi)(qi)七菹(zu)(zu),凡(fan)醯(xi)(xi)(xi)物(wu)”者(zhe),此乃是(shi)醢(hai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)所掌(zhang)豆实(shi)今在此者(zhe),郑云(yun)(yun)“齐(qi)(qi)菹(zu)(zu)酱(jiang)(jiang)皆(jie)须醯(xi)(xi)(xi)成味”,故(gu)与醢(hai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)共(gong)(gong)掌(zhang)。云(yun)(yun)“以共(gong)(gong)祭祀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)齐(qi)(qi)菹(zu)(zu),凡(fan)醯(xi)(xi)(xi)酱(jiang)(jiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)”者(zhe),《醯(xi)(xi)(xi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)》连言酱(jiang)(jiang)者(zhe),并豆酱(jiang)(jiang)亦掌(zhang)。言“宾(bin)客(ke)亦如(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe),下(xia)经云(yun)(yun)宾(bin)客(ke)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼,据(ju)(ju)饔饩,此云(yun)(yun)宾(bin)客(ke),据(ju)(ju)飨食致之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)“王举,则(ze)共(gong)(gong)齐(qi)(qi)菹(zu)(zu)醯(xi)(xi)(xi)物(wu)六(liu)十(shi)瓮(weng)(weng)”者(zhe),并《醢(hai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)》六(liu)十(shi)瓮(weng)(weng)者(zhe),并《醢(hai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)》六(liu)十(shi)瓮(weng)(weng),即《膳夫(fu)》酱(jiang)(jiang)用百有二十(shi)瓮(weng)(weng)是(shi)也。云(yun)(yun)“共(gong)(gong)后(hou)及世子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)酱(jiang)(jiang)齐(qi)(qi)菹(zu)(zu)”者(zhe),案《醢(hai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)》共(gong)(gong)其内羞(xiu)不言齐(qi)(qi)菹(zu)(zu),此云(yun)(yun)齑菹(zu)(zu),以其与醢(hai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)共(gong)(gong)掌(zhang),齑菹(zu)(zu)须醯(xi)(xi)(xi),故(gu)就醯(xi)(xi)(xi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)为(wei)言。云(yun)(yun)“宾(bin)客(ke)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼,共(gong)(gong)醯(xi)(xi)(xi)五十(shi)瓮(weng)(weng)”者(zhe),与《醢(hai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)》五十(shi)瓮(weng)(weng),总共(gong)(gong)为(wei)百瓮(weng)(weng),亦据(ju)(ju)侯伯,举中(zhong)言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
盐(yan)人掌盐(yan)之政(zheng)令(ling),以共百(bai)事之盐(yan)。(政(zheng)令(ling),谓受入教所处置(zhi),求者所当(dang)得。)
[疏]注“政令”至“当得”
○释曰:“政令,谓受入(ru)教(jiao)所处置”者(zhe),谓四方盐(yan)来,盐(yan)有数种,处置不同,故云(yun)“受入(ru)教(jiao)所处置”也。
祭祀共其苦盐、散盐。(杜子春读苦为,谓出盐直用不氵柬治。郑司农云:“散盐,氵东治者。”玄谓散盐,鬻水为盐。
○苦,音,工户反,出注。散(san),悉但反,下同。氵柬,音练(lian),下同。齐,才(cai)细反。鬻,音煮。,音古。)
[疏]“祭祀”至“散盐”
○释曰:苦当为,,谓出於盐池,今之颗盐是也。散盐,煮水为之,出於东海。
○注“杜子”至“为盐”
○释曰:“杜子春读苦为”者(zhe),盐(yan)咸非(fei)苦,故破苦为,见今海傍出(chu)盐(yan)之处(chu)谓之。云“直用不(bu)氵(shui)柬(jian)治”者(zhe),对下经鬻是氵(shui)柬(jian)治者(zhe)也。“郑(zheng)司农(nong)云,散(san)盐(yan),氵(shui)柬(jian)治者(zhe)”,下经自有鬻盐(yan)是氵(shui)柬(jian)治,故後郑(zheng)不(bu)从。
宾客(ke),共其形盐(yan)、散盐(yan)。(形盐(yan),盐(yan)之似虎(hu)形。)
[疏]注“形盐”至“虎形”
○释(shi)(shi)曰:此形盐(yan),即《左氏(shi)传》盐(yan)虎形是也。《笾人》已释(shi)(shi)讫(qi)。
王之膳羞,共饴(yi)(yi)盐,后及(ji)世(shi)子亦(yi)如之。(饴(yi)(yi)盐,盐之恬者,今戎盐有焉。)
[疏]“饴盐”至“有焉”
○释曰:言“饴盐(yan)(yan)”,故(gu)云盐(yan)(yan)之恬(tian)者。云“今戎(rong)盐(yan)(yan)有(you)焉”者,即(ji)石盐(yan)(yan)是(shi)也。
凡齐事(shi),鬻以待(dai)戒令。(齐事(shi),和(he)五味之事(shi)。鬻盐,氵柬治之。)
[疏]注“齐事”至“治之”
○释曰(yue):言“齐(qi)事”者,谓若《食医》春多酸、夏多苦之(zhi)类是也(ye)。今(jin)氵(shui)柬治(zhi)以待戒令,则(ze)齐(qi)和之(zhi)。
幂人掌共巾幂。(共巾可以覆物。
○幂,莫历反(fan)。)
[疏]“幂人掌共巾幂”
○释曰:巾者,则下经“王巾皆黼”是也。幂者,则幂八尊之类是也。
○注“共巾可以覆物”
○释(shi)曰:据(ju)经巾(jin)、幂俱(ju)有,郑唯(wei)言其巾(jin)可以(yi)覆物,不(bu)言幂者(zhe),但幂唯(wei)祗覆物,其巾(jin)则兼以(yi)拭(shi)物,故(gu)特解巾(jin)可以(yi)覆物者(zhe)也。
祭(ji)祀,以(yi)疏(shu)布巾幂(mi)八(ba)尊,(以(yi)疏(shu)布者,天地之神尚(shang)质。)
[疏]“祭祀”至“八尊”
○释曰:祭天无灌,唯有五齐三酒,实於八尊。疏布者,大功布,为幂覆此八尊,故云疏布幂八尊。此据正尊而言。若五齐加明水,三酒加玄酒,则十六尊皆以疏布幂之也。
○注“以疏”至“尚质”
○释曰(yue):郑知(zhi)(zhi)此经祭(ji)(ji)祀是(shi)(shi)天(tian)地(di)之(zhi)神者,以其(qi)下经画布(bu)幂六彝(yi),是(shi)(shi)宗庙之(zhi)祭(ji)(ji)用(yong)六彝(yi),即知(zhi)(zhi)此疏(shu)(shu)布(bu)幂八尊。无,是(shi)(shi)天(tian)地(di)可知(zhi)(zhi)。又见《礼器》云:“大(da)路(lu)素而越席(xi),疏(shu)(shu)布(bu)幂。”彼皆据祭(ji)(ji)天(tian),则(ze)疏(shu)(shu)布(bu)是(shi)(shi)祭(ji)(ji)天(tian)地(di)可知(zhi)(zhi)。举天(tian)地(di)则(ze)四望、山川、社稷、林泽皆用(yong)疏(shu)(shu)布(bu),皆是(shi)(shi)尚质之(zhi)义(yi)也。
以画布巾幂六彝。(宗庙可以文。画者,画其云气与?
○与,音馀。)
[疏]“以画”至“六彝”
○释曰:言“六彝”者,鸡彝、鸟彝、彝、黄彝、虎彝、隹彝。此六彝皆盛郁鬯,以画布幂之,故云画布幂六彝。此举六彝,对上经八尊无郁鬯,以言宗庙有郁鬯。其实天地亦有鬯之彝,用疏布,宗庙亦有八尊,亦用画布,互举以明义也。
○注“宗庙”至“气与”
○释(shi)曰:言“宗庙(miao)可(ke)以文(wen)”者(zhe),以其(qi)用画(hua)(hua)(hua)布(bu),对上疏(shu)布(bu)为质,故言宗庙(miao)可(ke)以文(wen)。云“画(hua)(hua)(hua)者(zhe),画(hua)(hua)(hua)其(qi)云气与”者(zhe),《三礼(li)》通(tong)例,所言画(hua)(hua)(hua)者(zhe),解画(hua)(hua)(hua)皆以为画(hua)(hua)(hua)云气,谓(wei)画(hua)(hua)(hua)为五(wu)色之云。俱无正(zheng)文(wen),故言“与”以疑之。
凡王巾,皆黼。(四饮三酒皆画黼。周尚武,其用文德则黻可。
○黼,音甫。)
[疏]“凡王巾皆黼”
○释曰:凡王之覆物之巾,皆用黼文覆之。言“凡”,非一。四饮三酒之外,笾豆俎簋之属皆用之。
○注“四饮”至“黻可”
○释曰(yue):言(yan)“四饮(yin)(yin)三酒(jiu)皆画黼(fu)(fu)”者(zhe),郑(zheng)据(ju)《酒(jiu)正》之文而(er)言(yan),其(qi)实(shi)酒(jiu)饮(yin)(yin)之外,巾皆用(yong)黼(fu)(fu)。黼(fu)(fu)者(zhe),白与黑(hei)作斧文,取今(jin)斧断(duan)割之义(yi)。云“周尚(shang)(shang)武(wu)”者(zhe),周以武(wu)得天下,故云尚(shang)(shang)武(wu),故用(yong)黼(fu)(fu)也。云“其(qi)用(yong)文德则(ze)黻可”者(zhe),谓若夏以揖让得天下,是文定(ding)天下,则(ze)当用(yong)黑(hei)与青(qing)谓之黻,两已相背(bei)也。若然,《易》云“汤(tang)武(wu)革命(ming)”,殷亦(yi)以武(wu)得天下,则(ze)亦(yi)用(yong)黼(fu)(fu)耳(er)。
宫人掌王之六寝之,(六寝者,路寝一,小寝五。《玉藻》曰:“朝,辨色始入。君日出而视朝。退路寝听政。使人视大夫,大夫退,然後小寝,释服。”是路寝以治事,小寝以时燕息焉。《春秋》书鲁庄公薨于路寝,僖公薨于小寝,是则人君非一寝明矣。
○,刘音修(xiu),本(ben)亦作修(xiu)。朝,且遥反。辨,如字,本(ben)又作别,彼列反。)
[疏]“宫人”至“之”
○释曰:案《守祧职》:“其庙则有司除之,其祧则守祧黝垩之。”郑注云:“除黝垩,互言之。”此虽不主,亦是扫除。
○注“六寝”至“明矣”
○释曰:云(yun)“六寝(qin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)寝(qin)一(yi),小寝(qin)五”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)寝(qin)制如明(ming)堂(tang)以听(ting)政(zheng)。路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu),大(da)也,人(ren)君(jun)所(suo)(suo)(suo)居皆曰路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)。又(you)引(yin)(yin)《玉藻》曰“朝(chao),辨(bian)色始入”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)(wei)群臣(chen)昧爽至(zhi)门(men)外,辨(bian)色始入应(ying)门(men)。云(yun)“君(jun)日(ri)出(chu)(chu)而视(shi)朝(chao)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),尊者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)体盘(pan),故日(ri)出(chu)(chu)始出(chu)(chu)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)门(men)而视(shi)朝(chao)。“退路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)寝(qin)听(ting)政(zheng)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)(wei)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)门(men)外朝(chao)罢,乃退路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)寝(qin)以听(ting)政(zheng)。云(yun)“使人(ren)视(shi)大(da)夫(fu)(fu),大(da)夫(fu)(fu)退,然後(hou)小寝(qin),释服”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),朝(chao)罢,君(jun)退路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)寝(qin)之(zhi)(zhi)时(shi),大(da)夫(fu)(fu)各乡治事之(zhi)(zhi)处(chu)。君(jun)使人(ren)视(shi)大(da)夫(fu)(fu),大(da)夫(fu)(fu)退还舍,君(jun)然後(hou)小寝(qin),释去朝(chao)服,服玄端。又(you)引(yin)(yin)《春秋》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《左氏》庄公三十(shi)(shi)二年(nian):“公薨(hong)于(yu)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)寝(qin),得其正”;僖公三十(shi)(shi)三年(nian)“公薨(hong)于(yu)小寝(qin)”,讥(ji)其即(ji)安。云(yun)“是则人(ren)君(jun)非一(yi)寝(qin)明(ming)矣(yi)”,言此者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),时(shi)有(you)不信(xin)《周礼》,故引(yin)(yin)诸文以证之(zhi)(zhi)。若然,所(suo)(suo)(suo)引(yin)(yin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)皆诸侯法(fa)。天(tian)子六寝(qin),则诸侯当三寝(qin),亦(yi)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)寝(qin)一(yi),燕寝(qin)一(yi),侧室一(yi),《内则》所(suo)(suo)(suo)云(yun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是也。
为其井,除其不蠲,去其恶臭。(井,漏井,所以受水潦。蠲犹也。《诗》云:“吉蠲为饣喜。”郑司农云:“,路厕也。”玄谓玄,谓ニ下之池,受畜水而流之者。
○,於建反,徐音偃。蠲(juan),音圭,又古玄反。去,起吕反。饣喜,大志反。ニ,力救反。畜,敕(chi)六反。)
[疏]“为其”至“恶臭”
○释曰:谓於宫中为漏井,以受秽。又为猪,使四边流水入焉。非二者,皆所以除其不蠲洁,又去其恶臭之物。
○注“井漏”至“之者”
○释(shi)曰:引(yin)《诗(shi)》云(yun)“吉蠲(juan)为饣喜”,案《秋官(guan)·蜡(la)氏》云(yun):“大祭祀,令州里除不(bu)蠲(juan)。”注(zhu)云(yun):“蠲(juan)读如‘吉圭(gui)惟饣喜’之(zhi)圭(gui)。圭(gui),也。”此云(yun)蠲(juan),彼注(zhu)云(yun)圭(gui),不(bu)同(tong)者,彼盖是三家《诗(shi)》,故(gu)与此不(bu)同(tong)。司农云(yun)“,路厕”後郑不(bu)从者,以其字与亲猪同(tong),故(gu)不(bu)从。後郑以为ニ下之(zhi)池,受畜(chu)水乃後流(liu)去之(zhi)。
共王之沐浴。(沐浴所以自洁清。
○清(qing)(qing),戚才性反,本亦作清(qing)(qing)。)
[疏]“共王之沐浴”
○释曰:宫人(ren)掌清之(zhi)事。沐用潘,浴用汤,亦是自(zi)清之(zhi)事。
凡寝(qin)中之(zhi)事(shi),扫除、执(zhi)烛(zhu)、共炉炭(tan),凡劳(lao)事(shi)。(劳(lao)事(shi),劳(lao)亵之(zhi)事(shi)。)四(si)方之(zhi)舍事(shi)亦如之(zhi)。(从王四(si)方及会同所舍。)
[疏]“四方”至“如之”
○释曰:为王巡守(shou)、征伐(fa)及会同所舍之(zhi)(zhi)处。言“亦如之(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe),亦如上掌凡劳亵之(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)。
掌舍掌王之会同之舍。设┕互再重。(故书互为柜。郑司农云:“┕,榱┕也。柜,受居溜水涑橐者也。”杜子春读为┕互,┕互谓行马。玄谓行马再重者,以周卫有外内列。
○┕,步(bu)礼反(fan)。互,户故反(fan)。重,直(zhi)龙反(fan),下同。柜,音矩,下同,徐胡故反(fan)。榱,音衰,戚疏关反(fan)。居(ju),举虑反(fan)。留,力救(jiu)反(fan)。涑(su),徐、刘色沟反(fan),戚色胄反(fan)。橐,当洛(luo)反(fan)。)
[疏]“掌舍”至“再重”
○释曰:言“掌王之会同之舍”者,王会同者,谓时见曰会,殷见曰同,皆为坛於国外,与诸侯相,见而命以致禁之事焉。王至坛所舍息也。云“设┕互再重”者,┕互谓行马。再重者,谓外内两重设之。
○注“故书”至“内列”
○释(shi)曰:掌舍掌闲卫,不掌净(jing)之(zhi)事。又行(xing)止之(zhi)处,未(wei)即(ji)有虫可涑。先郑玄依(yi)故书拒(ju),而(er)为溜水(shui)涑橐,又拒(ju)非必(bi)是(shi)受(shou)溜水(shui)之(zhi)物,於义未(wei)可,故後郑不从(cong),从(cong)子(zi)春为行(xing)马也。案(an)《虎贲氏》云“舍则守王闲”,注(zhu)云:“闲,┕互(hu)。”此(ci)┕互(hu)是(shi)周卫之(zhi)具耳(er)。此(ci)┕互(hu)所施,唯据下文车宫(gong)宫(gong)止宿而(er)言。其帷宫(gong)无宫(gong),暂(zan)止之(zhi)间,未(wei)必(bi)有此(ci)┕互(hu)也。
设车宫、辕门,(谓王行止宿阻险之处,备非常。次车以为藩,则仰车以其辕表门。
○藩,方元反。)
[疏]“设车宫辕门”
○释(shi)曰:郑云“王行止(zhi)宿阻险之处,备非(fei)常,次车(che)以(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)藩,则(ze)仰车(che)以(yi)(yi)其辕表(biao)(biao)门”,郑知(zhi)在险阻之处者(zhe),下文(wen)“为(wei)(wei)坛宫”,是平地有土(tu)可掘,则(ze)为(wei)(wei)宫。明(ming)此(ci)无土(tu)可以(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei),故知(zhi)此(ci)山间(jian)险阻,为(wei)(wei)此(ci)车(che)宫也。言仰车(che)以(yi)(yi)其辕表(biao)(biao)门者(zhe),谓仰两乘,车(che)辕相向(xiang)以(yi)(yi)表(biao)(biao)门,故名为(wei)(wei)辕门。
为坛宫,棘门。(谓王行止宿平地,筑坛,又委土起眉埒以为宫。郑司农云:“棘门,以戟为门。”杜子春云:“棘门或为材门。”
○,戚唯(wei)季反,刘欲鬼反,徐羊谁反,一音待果反,又时累反。埒,徐音劣。)
[疏]注“谓王”至“材门”
○释曰:知(zhi)王行(xing)止(zhi)宿平地者(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)下文(wen)二者(zhe)(zhe)非(fei)止(zhi)宿之事,唯有(you)此宫及上文(wen)车宫为(wei)(wei)止(zhi)宿,但险阻平地,二所不(bu)同,故知(zhi)是止(zhi)宿平地也(ye)(ye)。云“委土起眉埒”者(zhe)(zhe),止(zhi)宿之间(jian),不(bu)可筑(zhu)作(zuo)墙壁,宜掘地为(wei)(wei)宫。土在坑畔而高,则眉埒也(ye)(ye)。郑司农云“棘(ji)门,以(yi)(yi)戟为(wei)(wei)门”,知(zhi)棘(ji)是戟者(zhe)(zhe),见《左(zuo)氏》隐十一年,“郑欲伐(fa)许,授兵于大宫。子(zi)都与郑考叔争(zheng)车,子(zi)都扳棘(ji)以(yi)(yi)逐之”。故知(zhi)棘(ji)即(ji)戟也(ye)(ye)。杜子(zi)春(chun)云“棘(ji)门或(huo)为(wei)(wei)材(cai)门”者(zhe)(zhe),闵二年,卫文(wen)公(gong)居楚丘,国家新立,齐桓公(gong)共门材(cai),先令竖立门户。故知(zhi)棘(ji)门亦得为(wei)(wei)材(cai)门,即(ji)是以(yi)(yi)材(cai)木为(wei)(wei)门也(ye)(ye)。
为帷宫,设旌门(men)。(谓王行昼止(zhi),有所展肆若食(shi)息,张帷为宫,则树旌以表门(men)。)
[疏]注“谓王”至“表门”
○释曰:知“王(wang)行昼止(zhi),有(you)所(suo)展肆”者(zhe),见(jian)《下(xia)曲礼》云(yun)(yun)“君命大夫(fu)与(yu)士肆”。郑(zheng)云(yun)(yun):“肆,习也(ye)。”君有(you)命,大夫(fu)则(ze)与(yu)士展习其事。则(ze)此(ci)亦(yi)王(wang)与(yu)群臣昼止(zhi),有(you)所(suo)展习。云(yun)(yun)“若食息”者(zhe),非直有(you)展习,亦(yi)有(you)食息之(zhi)时,则(ze)张帷为(wei)宫,树立旌(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)旗以(yi)表门。案《司(si)常》云(yun)(yun):“会同宾客,置旌(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)门。”注引此(ci)《掌(zhang)舍》“为(wei)帷宫设旌(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)门”,则(ze)旌(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)门司(si)常置之(zhi),掌(zhang)舍主当(dang)之(zhi)。若然,则(ze)辕门之(zhi)等皆彼他官置之(zhi),掌(zhang)舍直主当(dang)取。其云(yun)(yun)旌(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)门,则(ze)《司(si)常》所(suo)云(yun)(yun)“析羽为(wei)旌(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)”者(zhe)也(ye)。
无宫(gong)则共人(ren)门(men)(men)。(谓王行有所逢遇,若(ruo)住游观(guan),陈列(lie)周卫,则立长(zhang)大之人(ren)以表门(men)(men)。)
[疏]注“谓王”至“表门”
○释曰(yue):郑知此(ci)是(shi)“王(wang)行有所逢遇”者(zhe),一则(ze)据上(shang)三者(zhe)见夜宿昼止讫(qi),今复云(yun)无宫(gong)共人门,是(shi)非(fei)常之事(shi)。二则(ze)云(yun)无宫(gong)及人门是(shi)暂驻之事(shi),非(fei)久停止,此(ci)知是(shi)有所逢遇。若有住游观(guan),陈列周卫,非(fei)如上(shang)三者(zhe)为宫(gong),则(ze)立长大之人以(yi)表(biao)门也(ye)。
凡舍事(shi),则掌之。(王行所舍止(zhi)。)
幕人掌帷幕幄绶之事。(王出宫则有是事。在旁曰帷,在上曰幕。幕或在地,展陈于上。帷幕皆以布为之。四合象宫室曰幄,王所居之帷也。郑司农云:“,平帐也。绶,组绶,所以系帷也。”玄谓,王在幕若幄中,坐上承尘。幄皆以缯为之。凡四物者以绶连系焉。
○幄,乌学反。,音(yin)亦(yi)。绶,音(yin)受。)
[疏]“幕人掌”至“之事”
○释曰:云掌王帷在傍施之,像土壁也。幕则帷上张之,像舍屋也。幄,帷幕之内设之。在,幄幕内之丞尘。绶者,绦也,以此绦系连帷幕。幕人掌此五者,王出宫,则送与掌次张之。
○注“王出”至“系焉”
○释(shi)曰(yue):言(yan)“在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)旁(pang)曰(yue)帷(wei)(wei)(wei),在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang)曰(yue)幕(mu)”,则帷(wei)(wei)(wei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)下,幕(mu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang),共为(wei)(wei)(wei)室。今之(zhi)设幕(mu),则无帷(wei)(wei)(wei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)下为(wei)(wei)(wei)异也。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“或在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)地展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)陈(chen)於上(shang)(shang)”者(zhe),案《聘(pin)礼(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun),管(guan)人布幕(mu),官陈(chen)币,史(shi)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)币,皆(jie)(jie)(jie)於幕(mu)上(shang)(shang)。《聘(pin)礼(li)》又(you)(you)宾(bin)入境,至(zhi)馆,皆(jie)(jie)(jie)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)币。是(shi)幕(mu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)地,展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)陈(chen)於上(shang)(shang)。又(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“帷(wei)(wei)(wei)幕(mu)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)以布为(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)”,知者(zhe),案《既夕礼(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)“明(ming)(ming)衣(yi)裳(shang)用(yong)(yong)幕(mu)布”,其(qi)帷(wei)(wei)(wei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)幕(mu)下,明(ming)(ming)亦用(yong)(yong)布,故知二者(zhe)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)用(yong)(yong)布。至(zhi)於覆棺(guan)之(zhi)幕(mu),则用(yong)(yong)缯(zeng),故《礼(li)记·檀弓》云(yun)(yun)(yun):“布幕(mu),卫也。绡幕(mu),鲁也。明(ming)(ming)天子(zi)亦用(yong)(yong)缯(zeng)覆棺(guan),不张设,故用(yong)(yong)缯(zeng)也。”云(yun)(yun)(yun)“四合象宫(gong)室曰(yue)幄(wo)(wo)”,知四合象宫(gong)室不上(shang)(shang)属,据(ju)帷(wei)(wei)(wei)幕(mu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)句者(zhe),见颜延(yan)之(zhi)《纂要(yao)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)“四合象宫(gong)曰(yue)幄(wo)(wo)”,故四合向下据(ju)幄(wo)(wo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)句也。郑司农云(yun)(yun)(yun)“,平帐”,後(hou)郑不从者(zhe),见下王丧(sang)张三重之(zhi)等(deng),皆(jie)(jie)(jie)据(ju)承尘。又(you)(you)幄(wo)(wo)已是(shi)帐,又(you)(you)言(yan),明(ming)(ming)非帐也。先郑又(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“绶,组(zu)绶,所以系帷(wei)(wei)(wei)”者(zhe),此语未足(zu),故後(hou)郑增(zeng)成其(qi)义(yi)。“玄谓,王在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)幕(mu)若(ruo)幄(wo)(wo)中(zhong)(zhong),坐(zuo)上(shang)(shang)承尘”者(zhe),云(yun)(yun)(yun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)幕(mu),谓下《掌(zhang)次》云(yun)(yun)(yun)“师田则张幕(mu),设重”,是(shi)王在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)幕(mu)设之(zhi)事。若(ruo)幄(wo)(wo)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)者(zhe),《掌(zhang)次》云(yun)(yun)(yun):“朝日(ri),祀五帝,则张大(da)次、小(xiao)次,设重。”次即幄(wo)(wo),是(shi)幄(wo)(wo)中(zhong)(zhong)坐(zuo)上(shang)(shang)有(you)(you)承尘也。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“幄(wo)(wo)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)以缯(zeng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)”者(zhe),以其(qi)布帷(wei)(wei)(wei)幕(mu)之(zhi)内。宜(yi)细密。又(you)(you)案《丧(sang)大(da)记》有(you)(you)素锦(jin)褚,褚即幄(wo)(wo)。彼丧(sang)用(yong)(yong)锦(jin),明(ming)(ming)此用(yong)(yong)缯(zeng)可知。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“凡四物者(zhe)以绶连系焉”者(zhe),此增(zeng)成先郑也。
凡朝觐、会同(tong)、军(jun)旅、田(tian)役、祭祀(si),共(gong)其帷(wei)幕幄(wo)绶。(共(gong)之者,掌次当以张。)
[疏]“凡朝”至“绶”
○释曰:此(ci)(ci)(ci)一经皆供(gong)与掌(zhang)次(ci),使(shi)张之。此(ci)(ci)(ci)云(yun)“朝觐(jin)、会(hui)同”,即《掌(zhang)次(ci)》云(yun)“诸侯朝觐(jin)、会(hui)同”是也。此(ci)(ci)(ci)云(yun)“军(jun)旅田役(yi)”,即《掌(zhang)次(ci)》云(yun)“师田”,彼师即此(ci)(ci)(ci)军(jun)旅,彼田即此(ci)(ci)(ci)田役(yi)是也。此(ci)(ci)(ci)云(yun)祭(ji)祀(si),即《掌(zhang)次(ci)》云(yun)“大旅及朝日(ri)祀(si)五帝(di)”是也。此(ci)(ci)(ci)数事,皆共帷幕(mu)幄绶与掌(zhang)次(ci),是以(yi)郑(zheng)云(yun)“共之者,掌(zhang)次(ci)当以(yi)张”也。
大丧,共帷(wei)幕绶。(为宾客饰也(ye)。帷(wei)以(yi)帷(wei)堂,或与幕张之於(wu)庭。在(zai)柩上。)
[疏]注“为宾”至“在柩上”
○释(shi)曰(yue):云(yun)(yun)“为(wei)宾客饰”者(zhe),王(wang)(wang)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)而(er)有宾客者(zhe),谓若《顾命》成王(wang)(wang)丧(sang)(sang)(sang),诸(zhu)侯来朝而(er)遇国丧(sang)(sang)(sang),故(gu)(gu)《康王(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)命》云(yun)(yun):“毕公率东方诸(zhu)侯人应门(men)右,召公率西方诸(zhu)侯入应门(men)左。”并有二王(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)後(hou),皆是宾客,故(gu)(gu)为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)饰也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“帷(wei)以帷(wei)堂(tang)”者(zhe),谓若《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)大(da)记》及《士丧(sang)(sang)(sang)礼》始死帷(wei)堂(tang),小敛(lian)(lian)彻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),及殡在(zai)(zai)堂(tang),亦(yi)帷(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“或与幕(mu)张之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於庭(ting)”者(zhe),案《尚书(shu)·顾命》云(yun)(yun)“出缀(zhui)衣(yi)(yi)於庭(ting)”,郑(zheng)云(yun)(yun)“连缀(zhui)小敛(lian)(lian)大(da)敛(lian)(lian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)衣(yi)(yi)於庭(ting)中”。尔时在(zai)(zai)庭(ting),应设此(ci)帷(wei)幕(mu),无正(zheng)文,故(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)“或”也(ye)(ye)。有解者(zhe)云(yun)(yun)“为(wei)王(wang)(wang)袭在(zai)(zai)庭(ting),故(gu)(gu)有帷(wei)幕(mu)”。按《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)大(da)记》,诸(zhu)侯踊阼(zuo)(zuo)阶下,袭於序东,虽王(wang)(wang)礼,亦(yi)当哭踊在(zai)(zai)阼(zuo)(zuo)阶下,何因反(fan)来庭(ting)中袭乎(hu)?恐不可也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“在(zai)(zai)柩上”者(zhe),即《掌次》云(yun)(yun)“凡(fan)丧(sang)(sang)(sang),王(wang)(wang)则张三重”是也(ye)(ye)。
三公及卿大夫之(zhi)丧,共其。(唯士无,王有惠则赐之(zhi)。《檀弓(gong)》曰:“君於士有赐。”)
[疏]注“唯士”至“赐”
○释(shi)曰:《掌次(ci)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“诸侯再(zai)重,孤卿(qing)大夫(fu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)重”。则此(ci)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)三公不(bu)(bu)(bu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)诸侯与孤,《掌次(ci)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)诸侯与孤不(bu)(bu)(bu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)三公者(zhe)(zhe),三公即是诸侯,再(zai)重。此(ci)不(bu)(bu)(bu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)孤,孤与卿(qing)大夫(fu)同,不(bu)(bu)(bu)重。幕人(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)张,故略不(bu)(bu)(bu)言。郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)唯(wei)士无者(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)经及(ji)《掌次(ci)》俱不(bu)(bu)(bu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)士有(you),明无也。引《檀弓》者(zhe)(zhe),欲见有(you)赐则有(you),非常法。
掌次掌王次之法,以待张事。(法,大小丈尺。
○张(zhang)(zhang)事,刘音帐,戚如字,下“邦之张(zhang)(zhang)事”同(tong)。)
[疏]“掌次”至“张事”
○释曰:言“掌王次之法”者,次者,次则舍也。言次谓次止,言舍谓舍息。言“以待张事”者,王出宫,则幕人以帷与幕等送至停所,掌次则张之,故云以待张事。
○注“法大小丈尺”
○释曰(yue):言“法大小”者(zhe)(zhe),下文有(you)大次、小次是也。云“丈尺(chi)”者(zhe)(zhe),既言大小,当时应有(you)丈尺(chi)之数,但其未(wei)闻。
王大旅上帝,则张毡案,设皇邸。(大旅上帝,祭天於圆丘。国有故而祭亦曰旅。此以旅见祀也。张毡案,以毡为床於幄中。郑司农云:“皇,羽覆上。邸,後版也。”玄谓後版,屏风与?染羽象凤皇羽色以为之。
○邸,徐当礼反,一本作皇羽邸。版,徐音板。屏,薄刑反。)
[疏]“王大”至“皇邸”
○释曰:云“王大旅上帝”者,谓冬至祭天於圆丘。“则张毡案”者,案谓床也。床上著毡即谓之毡案。“设皇邸”者,邸谓以版为屏风,又以凤皇羽饰之。此谓王坐所置也。
○注“大旅”至“为之”
○释曰:大(da)(da)旅(lv)(lv)上(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di),祭天(tian)於圆丘,知(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),见(jian)(jian)下(xia)经别(bie)云(yun)(yun)(yun)祀五(wu)帝(di)(di),则知(zhi)此(ci)(ci)是(shi)昊天(tian)上(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di),即(ji)与(yu)《司(si)(si)服》及《宗(zong)(zong)伯(bo)》昊天(tian)上(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)一也(ye)(ye),即(ji)是(shi)《大(da)(da)司(si)(si)乐》冬至祭天(tian)於圆丘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“国(guo)有(you)(you)故(gu)而祭亦曰旅(lv)(lv)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案《大(da)(da)宗(zong)(zong)伯(bo)》“国(guo)有(you)(you)大(da)(da)故(gu),则旅(lv)(lv)上(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)及四望”,是(shi)国(guo)有(you)(you)故(gu)而祭谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旅(lv)(lv)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“此(ci)(ci)以(yi)旅(lv)(lv)见(jian)(jian)祀”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),但此(ci)(ci)下(xia)文(wen)五(wu)帝(di)(di)见(jian)(jian)正祀,其旅(lv)(lv)见(jian)(jian)於《大(da)(da)宗(zong)(zong)伯(bo)》。《大(da)(da)宗(zong)(zong)伯(bo)》昊天(tian)不(bu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)旅(lv)(lv),故(gu)此(ci)(ci)见(jian)(jian)。此(ci)(ci)文(wen)不(bu)言(yan)(yan)正祀,故(gu)郑以(yi)因旅(lv)(lv)见(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。欲见(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)故(gu)昊天(tian)亦旅(lv)(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)以(yi)旅(lv)(lv)见(jian)(jian)祀。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“张毡(zhan)案,以(yi)毡(zhan)为(wei)床於幄中(zhong)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),据郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)於幄中(zhong),则知(zhi)不(bu)徒设(she)毡(zhan)案皇(huang)(huang)邸而已(yi),明(ming)(ming)知(zhi)并有(you)(you)大(da)(da)次(ci)小(xiao)次(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)幄,与(yu)下(xia)祀五(wu)帝(di)(di)互见(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。司(si)(si)农(nong)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“皇(huang)(huang)羽(yu)覆(fu)上(shang)(shang)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),见(jian)(jian)经皇(huang)(huang)是(shi)凤(feng)皇(huang)(huang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)字(zi),故(gu)知(zhi)以(yi)皇(huang)(huang)羽(yu)覆(fu)邸上(shang)(shang)。“玄谓後(hou)版(ban),屏风与(yu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)(ci)增成(cheng)司(si)(si)农(nong)义。言(yan)(yan)後(hou)版(ban)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓为(wei)大(da)(da)方版(ban)於坐後(hou),昼为(wei)斧文(wen)。言(yan)(yan)屏风者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),据汉法况之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),无(wu)正文(wen),故(gu)言(yan)(yan)“与(yu)”以(yi)疑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“染(ran)羽(yu)象凤(feng)皇(huang)(huang)羽(yu)色以(yi)为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案《尚(shang)书·禹贡》“羽(yu)畎夏翟”,谓羽(yu)山(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谷(gu),贡夏翟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)羽(yu)。後(hou)世(shi)无(wu)夏翟,故(gu)《周礼》锺氏(shi)染(ran)鸟羽(yu),象凤(feng)皇(huang)(huang)色以(yi)为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),覆(fu)於版(ban)上(shang)(shang)。《明(ming)(ming)堂(tang)位》及《司(si)(si)几筵》皆云(yun)(yun)(yun)“黼(fu)”,此(ci)(ci)不(bu)在寝庙,无(wu),故(gu)不(bu)得云(yun)(yun)(yun)黼(fu),故(gu)别(bie)名皇(huang)(huang)邸。
朝日、祀五帝,则张大次、小次,设重重案。合诸侯亦如之。(朝日,春分拜日於东门之外。祀五帝於四郊。次谓幄也。大幄,初往所止居也。小幄,既接祭退俟之处。《祭义》曰:“周人祭日,以朝及ウ。”虽有强力,孰能支之,是以退俟与诸臣代有事焉。合诸侯於坛,王亦以时休息。重,复。重案,床重席也。郑司农云:“五帝,五色之帝。”
○朝,直遥反(fan),注“朝日”同(tong)。重,直龙反(fan),注下(xia)同(tong)。)
[疏]“朝日”至“如之”
○释曰:言“朝日”者,谓春分朝日。“祀五帝”者,谓四时迎气。“则张大次、小次”者,次谓幄帐也,大幄、小幄。但幄在幕中,既有幄,明有幄幕可知。“设重”者,谓於幄中设承尘。云“重案”者,案则床也。床言重,谓床上设重席。不言毡及皇邸,亦有可知。上毡案不言重席,亦有重席可知。互见为义。云“合诸侯亦如之”者,谓诸侯会同,亦设重重案,故云亦如之。
○注“朝日”至“之帝”
○释曰:知“朝日(ri),春分”者(zhe)(zhe),《祭(ji)(ji)义》云“祭(ji)(ji)日(ri)於(wu)(wu)东(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)”,故(gu)郑约用(yong)春分也(ye)(ye)。云“拜日(ri)於(wu)(wu)东(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)门(men)之(zhi)外(wai)”者(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)在(zai)东(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)郊(jiao)(jiao),《觐礼》文(wen)(wen)。云“祀五(wu)帝(di)(di)於(wu)(wu)四(si)郊(jiao)(jiao)”者(zhe)(zhe),案外(wai)宗伯“祀五(wu)帝(di)(di)於(wu)(wu)四(si)郊(jiao)(jiao)”是(shi)也(ye)(ye)。此(ci)谓(wei)四(si)时(shi)迎(ying)气(qi)。案《月令》,立(li)春於(wu)(wu)东(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)郊(jiao)(jiao),立(li)夏於(wu)(wu)南郊(jiao)(jiao),季夏於(wu)(wu)六月迎(ying)土气(qi),亦於(wu)(wu)南郊(jiao)(jiao),立(li)秋於(wu)(wu)西(xi)(xi)郊(jiao)(jiao),立(li)冬於(wu)(wu)北(bei)郊(jiao)(jiao),谓(wei)祭(ji)(ji)灵威仰之(zhi)属。云“次(ci)(ci)谓(wei)幄(wo)也(ye)(ye)。大(da)幄(wo),初往所止(zhi)居也(ye)(ye)。小幄(wo),既接(jie)祭(ji)(ji)退(tui)俟之(zhi)处(chu)”者(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)两次(ci)(ci)设幄(wo)者(zhe)(zhe),大(da)幄(wo),谓(wei)王(wang)(wang)侵晨至祭(ji)(ji)所,祭(ji)(ji)时(shi)未到,去坛之(zhi)外(wai)远(yuan)处(chu)设大(da)次(ci)(ci),王(wang)(wang)且止(zhi)居,故(gu)云大(da)幄(wo)初往所止(zhi)居也(ye)(ye)。接(jie)祭(ji)(ji)者(zhe)(zhe),与(yu)群臣交接(jie),相代而祭(ji)(ji),去坛宜近,置一(yi)小帷(wei),退(tui)俟之(zhi)处(chu)。云“《祭(ji)(ji)义》曰周人祭(ji)(ji)日(ri),以(yi)朝及ウ”,引此(ci)已下者(zhe)(zhe),欲(yu)见王(wang)(wang)与(yu)臣接(jie)祭(ji)(ji)之(zhi)时(shi),须有小幄(wo)也(ye)(ye)。言(yan)“孰能支之(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)一(yi)日(ri)之(zhi)间,虽有强力,谁能支持乎?云“合诸(zhu)侯於(wu)(wu)坛”者(zhe)(zhe),案《司(si)仪》,合诸(zhu)侯为坛三成是(shi)也(ye)(ye)。云“重(zhong),复”者(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)两重(zhong)为之(zhi)。云“重(zhong)案,床重(zhong)席”者(zhe)(zhe),案《司(si)几筵》“筵缫(sao)席,次(ci)(ci)席三重(zhong)”。此(ci)言(yan)重(zhong)席,亦当有此(ci)三重(zhong),重(zhong)不同。郑司(si)农云“五(wu)帝(di)(di),五(wu)色之(zhi)帝(di)(di)”者(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)东(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)方(fang)青帝(di)(di)灵威仰,南方(fang)赤帝(di)(di)赤奋若,中(zhong)央黄帝(di)(di)含枢纽(niu),西(xi)(xi)方(fang)白(bai)(bai)帝(di)(di)白(bai)(bai)招拒,北(bei)方(fang)黑(hei)帝(di)(di)汁光纪。并依(yi)《文(wen)(wen)耀(yao)钩(gou)》所说。
师田,则张幕,设重(zhong)(zhong)重(zhong)(zhong)案。(不张幄者(zhe),於(wu)是临誓众,王或回(hui)顾占察。)
[疏]“师田”至“重案”
○释曰:言“师田(tian)”者(zhe)(zhe),谓出师征伐及田(tian)猎(lie)。“则张(zhang)幕”者(zhe)(zhe),为王设坐。不言帷者(zhe)(zhe),亦(yi)有可(ke)知。“重、重案”者(zhe)(zhe),如(ru)上说。
诸侯朝觐会同,则张大次(ci)(ci)、小次(ci)(ci)。(大次(ci)(ci),亦初往所止居(ju)。小次(ci)(ci),即宫(gong)待事(shi)之处。)
[疏]“诸侯”至“小次”
○释曰(yue):此谓与(yu)诸(zhu)侯张(zhang)之,若四(si)时(shi)常朝在(zai)(zai)国内。今言(yan)(yan)朝觐会同(tong),为(wei)会同(tong)而(er)来,故在(zai)(zai)国外(wai),与(yu)《大(da)宰》大(da)朝觐会同(tong)一也。言(yan)(yan)“则张(zhang)大(da)次(ci)、小(xiao)(xiao)次(ci)也”者,亦如上文大(da)小(xiao)(xiao)次(ci),丈尺则减耳(er),故郑云(yun)“大(da)次(ci)亦初往所(suo)止居(ju),小(xiao)(xiao)次(ci)即宫(gong)(gong)待(dai)事之处”。郑云(yun)初往止居(ju)者,谓宫(gong)(gong)外(wai)也。即居(ju)者,应是(shi)宫(gong)(gong)内。言(yan)(yan)宫(gong)(gong),即《司仪(yi)》所(suo)云(yun)“宫(gong)(gong)方三(san)百(bai)步(bu),旷土为(wei)之”是(shi)也。言(yan)(yan)待(dai)事者,欲於幄中待(dai)事办否及府。
师田(tian),则(ze)张幕设案。(郑司农云:“师田(tian)谓诸(zhu)(zhu)侯相(xiang)与师田(tian)。”玄谓此掌次张之(zhi),诸(zhu)(zhu)侯从(cong)王而师田(tian)者。)
[疏]“师田”至“设案”
○释曰:文承上诸侯,谓诸侯从王师田,即张幕设案者也。不言重,则无重席,亦应有单席於床也。
○注“郑司”至“田者”
○释曰:後郑不从先郑者,以(yi)(yi)其天子掌(zhang)次(ci),不合与(yu)诸(zhu)侯(hou)国内(nei)张幕,故云(yun)“掌(zhang)次(ci)张之”,以(yi)(yi)明非诸(zhu)侯(hou)相(xiang)与(yu)师田也。此(ci)至(zhi)下所云(yun)次(ci)者,谓以(yi)(yi)缯为帷(wei)帐。案《聘(pin)礼记》所云(yun)次(ci),或以(yi)(yi)帷(wei),或及席,皆得,与(yu)此(ci)《掌(zhang)次(ci)》所云(yun)次(ci)别也。
孤(gu)卿有(you)邦事,则张(zhang)幕设(she)案。(有(you)邦事,谓以事从王(wang)(wang),若以王(wang)(wang)命出(chu)也。孤(gu),王(wang)(wang)之孤(gu)王(wang)(wang)人,副三公(gong)论道(dao)者(zhe)。不言(yan)公(gong),公(gong)如诸侯(hou)礼。从王(wang)(wang)祭祀(si)合诸侯(hou),张(zhang)大次(ci)(ci)小次(ci)(ci),师田亦张(zhang)幕设(she)案。)
[疏]“孤卿”至“设案”
○释曰:与上诸侯所设同。
○注“有邦”至“设案”
○释(shi)曰:言(yan)“有(you)邦事,谓以事从王(wang)(wang)(wang)”者(zhe),谓若上(shang)王(wang)(wang)(wang)大(da)旅上(shang)帝(di)、朝日、祀(si)五帝(di)、合诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯及师(shi)田等数事,王(wang)(wang)(wang)亲行(xing),则(ze)从王(wang)(wang)(wang)往也。云(yun)“若以王(wang)(wang)(wang)命(ming)出(chu)”者(zhe),若祭(ji)(ji)(ji)祀(si),则(ze)容王(wang)(wang)(wang)有(you)故(gu)不(bu)视,群臣摄之(zhi)。若诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯使臣时聘殷┹,王(wang)(wang)(wang)不(bu)亲行(xing),则(ze)於(wu)国外使群臣受之(zhi),是王(wang)(wang)(wang)命(ming)出(chu)也。云(yun)“孤(gu),王(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)孤(gu)三(san)(san)(san)人(ren),副(fu)三(san)(san)(san)公(gong)论(lun)道者(zhe)”,案《尚书·成王(wang)(wang)(wang)周(zhou)官(guan)》云(yun):“立大(da)师(shi)、大(da)傅、大(da)保(bao),兹惟(wei)三(san)(san)(san)公(gong),论(lun)道经邦,燮(xie)理阴(yin)阳。”又云(yun):“立少师(shi)、少傅、少保(bao),曰三(san)(san)(san)孤(gu)。贰公(gong)弘化,寅亮天(tian)地。”是副(fu)三(san)(san)(san)公(gong)论(lun)道者(zhe)也。云(yun)“不(bu)言(yan)公(gong),公(gong)如诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯礼”者(zhe),谓如上(shang)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯之(zhi)礼中,唯有(you)会同(tong)(tong)(tong)师(shi)田,无(wu)言(yan)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)祀(si),郑(zheng)云(yun)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)祀(si)者(zhe),王(wang)(wang)(wang)於(wu)会同(tong)(tong)(tong),与祭(ji)(ji)(ji)祀(si)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。云(yun)“亦如之(zhi)”,则(ze)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯从王(wang)(wang)(wang)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)祀(si),亦与会同(tong)(tong)(tong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。若然(ran),三(san)(san)(san)公(gong)从王(wang)(wang)(wang)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)祀(si),亦与从王(wang)(wang)(wang)会同(tong)(tong)(tong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)也。
凡(fan)丧(sang),王则(ze)张三重,诸侯再重,孤卿大夫不重。(张,柩上承尘。)
[疏]“凡丧”至“不重”
○释曰:丧言“凡”者,以其王以下至孤卿大夫,兼有后及三夫人已下,故言凡以广之也。后与王同三重,世子、三夫人与诸侯再重,九嫔二十七世妇与孤卿大夫同不重,一而已。八十一御妻与士同,无,有赐乃得也。此诸侯,谓三公、王子、母弟。若畿外诸侯,掌次不张之。
○注“张柩上承尘”
○释(shi)曰:郑知,柩上(shang)承(cheng)尘,见上(shang)文皆在幄中为承(cheng)尘。此言丧,王(wang)则张三重,明是张於柩上(shang)也。
凡祭祀,张其旅幕,张尸次。(旅,众也。公卿以下即位所祭祀之门外以待事,为之张大幕。尸则有幄。郑司农云:“尸次,祭祀之尸所居更衣帐。”
○为,于伪反。)
[疏]“凡祭祀张其旅幕张尸次”
○释曰:祭祀言“凡”者,天地宗庙外内祭祀。皆有群臣助祭,其臣既多,不可人人独设,故张旅幕。旅,众也,谓众人共幕。诸祭皆有尸,尸尊,故别张尸次。
○注“旅众也公卿以下即位”至“衣帐”
○释(shi)曰(yue):郑云“公卿(qing)以(yi)(yi)下即位(wei)所(suo)祭祀之(zhi)门(men)外(wai)以(yi)(yi)待事”者,若宗庙(miao)自(zi)有(you)庙(miao)门(men)之(zhi)外(wai),若外(wai)神於(wu)郊,则亦有(you)宫之(zhi)门(men),门(men)外(wai)并有(you)立位(wei)。言(yan)(yan)“为之(zhi)张大幕”者,以(yi)(yi)其言(yan)(yan)旅,故知大幕也。司农云“更衣帐”者,未(wei)祭则常(chang)服,至祭所(suo),乃更去(qu)常(chang)服,服祭服也,故言(yan)(yan)更衣。
射则(ze)张耦(ou)次(ci)。(耦(ou),俱升(sheng)射者。次(ci)在洗东。《大射》口:“遂(sui)命三耦(ou)取弓矢于次(ci)。”)
[疏]“射则张耦次”
○释曰:天子大射六耦,在西郊。宾射亦六耦,在朝。燕射三耦,在寝。此六耦、三耦,据诸侯射者,若众耦则多,但无常数耳。
○注“耦俱”至“于次”
○释曰:“耦(ou)(ou)(ou),俱升射(she)(she)者(zhe)”,案(an)《大射(she)(she)》、《乡(xiang)射(she)(she)》,耦(ou)(ou)(ou)皆两两揖(yi)让,升自西阶,乡(xiang)两楹之(zhi)间(jian),履射(she)(she)物(wu),南(nan)面而射(she)(she)。射(she)(she)讫(qi),又两两揖(yi)让,降自西阶。云“次在洗东”者(zhe),《大射(she)(she)》文(wen)。又引“《大射(she)(she)》曰,遂命三(san)耦(ou)(ou)(ou)取弓(gong)矢于次”者(zhe),证次中(zhong)有弓(gong)矢,其耦(ou)(ou)(ou)立位,在次北(bei)西。而至射(she)(she),乃命三(san)耦(ou)(ou)(ou)入次取弓(gong)矢。引之(zhi)者(zhe),以天(tian)子(zi)之(zhi)次无(wu)文(wen),虽(sui)六耦(ou)(ou)(ou)不同,设次则与诸(zhu)侯同也。《仪礼·乡(xiang)射(she)(she)》乃是州长(zhang)射(she)(she)士礼,其中(zhong)兼有乡(xiang)大夫询(xun)众庶之(zhi)射(she)(she)。并(bing)无(wu)次,故(gu)堂西比耦(ou)(ou)(ou)也。
掌凡邦之张事。
大府掌九贡、九赋、九功之贰,以受其货贿之入,颁其货于受藏之府,颁其贿于受用之府。(九功谓九职也。受藏之府,若内府也。受用之府,若职内也。凡货贿皆藏以给用耳,良者以给王之用,其馀以给国之用。或言受藏,或言受用,又杂言货贿,皆互文。
○藏,才(cai)浪反,注“受藏”、“言(yan)受藏”同。)
[疏]“大府”至“之府”
○释曰:言“掌九贡、九赋之贰”者,大宰掌其正,此官掌其副贰者,以其物入大府故也。“九功之贰”者,谓九职之功,大宰以九职任之,成孰敛其税,则是九功也。亦大宰掌其正,物入大府,故亦掌其副贰也。云“以受其货贿之入”者,九贡谓诸侯九贡,自然有金玉曰货、布帛曰贿。九赋谓畿内之九赋,口率出泉。九职,如三农园圃之类。亦有不出货贿者,皆言受其货贿之入者,虽以泉为主,民欲得出货贿者则取之,以当邦赋之数,故《大宰》云“九赋敛财贿”,是其不要取泉也。“颁其货于受藏之府”者,言大府虽自有府,其物仍分置於众府。受藏之府者,郑云谓若内府是也。“颁其贿於受用之府”者,郑云谓若职内是也。
○注“九功”至“互文”
○释曰:“九(jiu)(jiu)功(gong)(gong)谓九(jiu)(jiu)职(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)九(jiu)(jiu)职(zhi)(zhi)任(ren)万民,谓任(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)有职(zhi)(zhi)事,故《大(da)宰》云(yun)(yun)(yun)九(jiu)(jiu)职(zhi)(zhi)。大(da)府(fu)(fu)敛货(huo)(huo)(huo)贿,据成功(gong)(gong)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi),故云(yun)(yun)(yun)九(jiu)(jiu)功(gong)(gong)。其(qi)(qi)本(ben)是一,故云(yun)(yun)(yun)九(jiu)(jiu)功(gong)(gong)九(jiu)(jiu)职(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“受(shou)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)之(zhi)(zhi)府(fu)(fu)若内(nei)(nei)(nei)府(fu)(fu)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)经(jing)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“颁其(qi)(qi)货(huo)(huo)(huo)于受(shou)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)之(zhi)(zhi)府(fu)(fu)”,金玉曰货(huo)(huo)(huo),物(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)善者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)之(zhi)(zhi)於内(nei)(nei)(nei)府(fu)(fu),近王,掌之(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)给(ji)王用(yong)(yong)(yong)故也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“受(shou)用(yong)(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)府(fu)(fu)若职(zhi)(zhi)内(nei)(nei)(nei)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),府(fu)(fu)不在内(nei)(nei)(nei),经(jing)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“颁其(qi)(qi)贿于受(shou)用(yong)(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)府(fu)(fu)”,贿贱於货(huo)(huo)(huo),故知入职(zhi)(zhi)内(nei)(nei)(nei),以(yi)(yi)给(ji)国家所(suo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“凡货(huo)(huo)(huo)贿皆(jie)(jie)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)以(yi)(yi)给(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)耳(er)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),郑欲以(yi)(yi)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)互文,货(huo)(huo)(huo)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)善物(wu),贿言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)贱物(wu)。其(qi)(qi)实皆(jie)(jie)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)皆(jie)(jie)用(yong)(yong)(yong),故言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)凡货(huo)(huo)(huo)贿皆(jie)(jie)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)以(yi)(yi)给(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)耳(er)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“良(liang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)给(ji)王之(zhi)(zhi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),覆解入内(nei)(nei)(nei)府(fu)(fu)意。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“其(qi)(qi)馀以(yi)(yi)给(ji)国之(zhi)(zhi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),覆解入职(zhi)(zhi)内(nei)(nei)(nei)意。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“或言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)受(shou)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang),或言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)受(shou)用(yong)(yong)(yong),又(you)杂言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)货(huo)(huo)(huo)贿,皆(jie)(jie)互文”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)受(shou)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)谓内(nei)(nei)(nei)府(fu)(fu),言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)受(shou)用(yong)(yong)(yong)谓职(zhi)(zhi)内(nei)(nei)(nei),皆(jie)(jie)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)以(yi)(yi)给(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)亦(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong),言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)亦(yi)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang),是互文也(ye)。杂言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)货(huo)(huo)(huo)贿者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)货(huo)(huo)(huo)兼(jian)有贿,言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)贿亦(yi)兼(jian)有货(huo)(huo)(huo),亦(yi)是互文。但(dan)二(er)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)善恶不同,故别言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)耳(er)。
凡(fan)官(guan)府都鄙之(zhi)吏及执事者,受(shou)财用焉。
[疏]“凡官”至“用焉”
○释曰:言“凡(fan)官(guan)(guan)(guan)府”者(zhe),谓(wei)王朝三(san)百六(liu)十官(guan)(guan)(guan)有(you)事(shi)须(xu)用官(guan)(guan)(guan)物(wu)者(zhe)。云“都鄙之吏(li)”者(zhe),谓(wei)三(san)等(deng)采(cai)地吏(li)、谓(wei)群臣等(deng)有(you)事(shi)须(xu)取官(guan)(guan)(guan)物(wu)者(zhe)。“及(ji)执事(shi)”者(zhe),谓(wei)为官(guan)(guan)(guan)执掌(zhang)之事(shi),须(xu)有(you)营造合用官(guan)(guan)(guan)物(wu)者(zhe)。皆来於大府处受财(cai)用焉。
凡颁财,以式法授之。关市之赋以待王之膳服,邦中之赋以待宾客,四郊之赋以待稍秣,家削之赋以待匪颁,邦甸之赋以待工事,邦县之赋以待币帛,邦都之赋以待祭祀,山泽之赋以待丧纪,币馀之赋以待赐予。(待犹给也。此九赋之财给九式者。膳服即羞服也。稍秣即刍秣也,谓之稍,稍用之物也。丧纪即丧荒也。赐予即好用也。郑司农云:“币馀,使者有馀来还也。”玄谓币馀,占卖国之斥币。
○秣,音末。好,呼(hu)报反(fan),下同。使,色吏反(fan)。斥,音尺(chi),徐蚩柘反(fan)。)
[疏]“凡颁”至“赐予”
○释曰:言“凡颁财”者,《大宰》云九赋敛财贿,九式用之。此大府颁与九式用之,但事相因,故二处别言九赋之物也。此所颁之财,即《大宰》敛财贿,一也。云“以式法授之”者,谓以旧法式多少授与九式,故云以式法授之。云“关市之赋以待王之膳服”者,自此已下,并与九式事同,但文有交错,与九赋不次。案九赋先邦中之赋,次四郊,次邦甸,次家稍,次邦县,次邦都,次关市,次山泽,次币馀;此先言关市,在邦中上,此家稍,又在邦甸上。所以次第不同者,见事起无常。
○注“待犹”至“斥币”
○释曰:云(yun)(yun)“待犹给也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)大(da)宰(zai)(zai)敛得(de)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)赋(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)财(cai),给九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)式(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用,待来(lai)则给之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)待犹给,非是训待为给。云(yun)(yun)“此(ci)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)赋(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)财(cai)给九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)式(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)”,以(yi)其(qi)此(ci)经九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)事(shi)与《大(da)宰(zai)(zai)》九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)式(shi)(shi)相(xiang)当,此(ci)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)赋(fu)(fu)又(you)(you)与大(da)宰(zai)(zai)《九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)赋(fu)(fu)》一也(ye),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)赋(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)财(cai)给九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)式(shi)(shi)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“膳(shan)服(fu),即(ji)羞服(fu)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)言膳(shan)服(fu),《大(da)宰(zai)(zai)》九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)式(shi)(shi)云(yun)(yun)羞服(fu),膳(shan)羞是一,故(gu)云(yun)(yun)膳(shan)服(fu)即(ji)羞服(fu)也(ye)。自此(ci)已下事(shi)与九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)式(shi)(shi)是一,但(dan)文有(you)(you)不(bu)同,皆(jie)就(jiu)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)式(shi)(shi)合(he)而解之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)“稍(shao)秣(mo)即(ji)刍(chu)秣(mo)”也(ye)。“谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)稍(shao),稍(shao)用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),彼(bi)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)式(shi)(shi)云(yun)(yun)刍(chu)秣(mo),此(ci)改刍(chu)为稍(shao),以(yi)其(qi)稍(shao)稍(shao)用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)故(gu)也(ye)。此(ci)云(yun)(yun)丧纪即(ji)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)式(shi)(shi)丧荒,一也(ye)。此(ci)云(yun)(yun)赐(ci)予即(ji)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)式(shi)(shi)好(hao)用,一也(ye)。“郑司(si)(si)农云(yun)(yun):币(bi)馀(yu)(yu)(yu),使者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)有(you)(you)馀(yu)(yu)(yu)来(lai)还(hai)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案《大(da)宰(zai)(zai)》司(si)(si)农注“币(bi)馀(yu)(yu)(yu),百工之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)馀(yu)(yu)(yu)”,与此(ci)注不(bu)同者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),盖是司(si)(si)农互(hu)举以(yi)相(xiang)足。後郑不(bu)从者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),聘使之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物,礼数有(you)(you)限(xian),何得(de)有(you)(you)馀(yu)(yu)(yu)来(lai)还(hai)?又(you)(you)且(qie)有(you)(you)馀(yu)(yu)(yu)来(lai)还(hai),何得(de)有(you)(you)赋(fu)(fu)?故(gu)後郑不(bu)从。“玄谓(wei)币(bi)馀(yu)(yu)(yu),占(zhan)卖国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)斥币(bi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),後郑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意,百官(guan)所用官(guan)物不(bu)尽归人(ren)职(zhi)币(bi),职(zhi)币(bi)得(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),不(bu)入本(ben)府,恐(kong)久(jiu)藏朽蠹(du),则有(you)(you)人(ren)占(zhan)卖,依国(guo)服(fu)出息(xi)。谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)斥币(bi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)指斥与人(ren),故(gu)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)斥币(bi)也(ye)。
凡(fan)邦国之贡(gong)以待吊用(yong)。(此九(jiu)贡(gong)之财(cai)所给也(ye)。给吊用(yong),给凶礼之五事。)凡(fan)万民之贡(gong)以充(chong)府(fu)库(ku),(此九(jiu)职之财(cai)。充(chong)犹足。)
[疏]“凡邦”至“府库”
○释曰:上文大府掌九贡、九赋、九功,受得三者之财,各各用之。上文九式已用九赋之财讫,故此云邦国之九贡以待给於吊用,下文“万民之贡以充府库”,即上九功也。
○注“此九贡”至“五事”
○释曰:云“给凶礼之五事”者,案《大宗伯》云:“凶礼,哀邦国之事。”下云有丧礼、荒礼、吊礼、礻会礼、恤礼,五礼皆须以财货哀之,故云给凶礼之五事。
○注“此九职”至“犹足”
○释曰(yue):知此万民之(zhi)(zhi)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)是九(jiu)(jiu)职者,案《大宰》云(yun)(yun)九(jiu)(jiu)职任万民,此上(shang)文(wen)(wen)又(you)云(yun)(yun)九(jiu)(jiu)功,此贡(gong)(gong)(gong)即是九(jiu)(jiu)职之(zhi)(zhi)功所(suo)税,故知此是九(jiu)(jiu)职之(zhi)(zhi)财也。案《大行人(ren)》,六(liu)服诸侯因朝所(suo)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)物,与(yu)《大宰》九(jiu)(jiu)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)岁之(zhi)(zhi)常贡(gong)(gong)(gong),虽曰(yue)时节不(bu)同(tong),贡(gong)(gong)(gong)物有异(yi),要(yao)六(liu)服之(zhi)(zhi)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)与(yu)九(jiu)(jiu)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)多同(tong),亦入(ru)(ru)吊用(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)数。又(you)且九(jiu)(jiu)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)言(yan)入(ru)(ru)吊用(yong),九(jiu)(jiu)赋言(yan)入(ru)(ru)九(jiu)(jiu)式(shi),有馀(yu)财亦入(ru)(ru)府库(ku),是以上(shang)文(wen)(wen)掌(zhang)九(jiu)(jiu)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)九(jiu)(jiu)赋,受其货贿,颁於受藏受用(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)府也。
凡式(shi)贡(gong)之馀(yu)财以(yi)共玩(wan)好(hao)之用。(谓先给(ji)九式(shi)及吊用,足府(fu)库(ku)而有馀(yu)财,乃可(ke)以(yi)共玩(wan)好(hao),明玩(wan)好(hao)非治国之用。言式(shi)、言贡(gong)、互(hu)文。)
[疏]“凡式”至“之用”
○释曰:式谓九式,贡谓九贡及万民之贡。有馀财,以供玩好器物之用。
○注“谓先”至“互文”
○释(shi)曰:经言(yan)“馀财(cai)”,明知先给九(jiu)(jiu)式(shi)(shi)及(ji)吊用(yong),足府库之馀也(ye)。经言(yan)“式(shi)(shi)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)”者,式(shi)(shi)即上(shang)(shang)文(wen)九(jiu)(jiu)赋(fu)之财(cai),给九(jiu)(jiu)式(shi)(shi)之馀也(ye)。贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)即上(shang)(shang)文(wen)邦(bang)国之贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)及(ji)万民(min)之贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)也(ye)。“言(yan)式(shi)(shi)言(yan)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)互文(wen)”者,式(shi)(shi)谓九(jiu)(jiu)赋(fu),贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)谓九(jiu)(jiu)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)及(ji)万民(min)之贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。但(dan)赋(fu)言(yan)式(shi)(shi),据用(yong)而言(yan),其(qi)实(shi)亦有赋(fu),贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)据贡(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)上(shang)(shang)为名,亦有用(yong),故(gu)云互文(wen)也(ye)。
凡邦(bang)之赋(fu)(fu)用,取具焉(yan)。(赋(fu)(fu)用,用赋(fu)(fu)。)
[疏]“凡邦”至“具焉”
○释(shi)曰:上有九贡、九赋、九功,此特言(yan)赋,明兼(jian)有九贡九功,亦取具焉。
岁终,则(ze)以货贿之(zhi)入出会(hui)之(zhi)。
[疏]“岁终”至“会之”
○释曰:货(huo)贿之(zhi)人者,谓九(jiu)贡、九(jiu)赋、九(jiu)功入来至大(da)府(fu)。言出者,大(da)府(fu)以货(huo)贿分置(zhi)於众府(fu),及给九(jiu)式之(zhi)用(yong),亦是(shi)至岁终总会计之(zhi)。
玉府掌王之金玉、玩好、兵器,凡良货贿之藏。(良,善也。此物皆式贡之馀财所作。其不良,又有受而藏之者。
○好,呼报反(fan),及《内府》皆同(tong)。藏,才浪反(fan),注同(tong)。)
[疏]“玉府”至“之藏”
○释曰:云“掌王之金玉玩好兵器”者,言玉府以玉为主,玉外所有美物亦兼掌之。
○注“良善”至“之者”
○释(shi)曰:言“此(ci)物(wu)皆式(shi)贡(gong)之馀(yu)(yu)财所作(zuo)”者,案(an)上《大府》云(yun)“式(shi)贡(gong)之馀(yu)(yu)财以共玩好之用”,彼玩好之中兼有金玉、兵器,故知(zhi)式(shi)贡(gong)馀(yu)(yu)财也。云(yun)“其不良,又有受(shou)而藏之者”,即(ji)上《大府》云(yun)“受(shou)藏受(shou)用之府”是也。
共王之服玉、佩玉、珠玉。(佩玉者,王之所带者。《玉藻》曰:“君子於玉比德焉。天子佩白王而玄组绶。”《诗传》曰:“佩玉,上有葱衡,下有双璜、冲牙,珠以纳其间。”郑司农云:“服玉,冠饰十二玉。”
○,刘(liu)薄田反,徐音频,一音父宾反。)
[疏]注“佩玉”至“二玉”
○释曰:“佩(pei)(pei)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),王之(zhi)所带者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)”,谓(wei)(wei)佩(pei)(pei)於(wu)(wu)革带之(zhi)上者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)。“《玉(yu)(yu)(yu)藻》曰,君子(zi)(zi)於(wu)(wu)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)比德焉(yan)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《诗(shi)》云(yun)(yun)“言(yan)念君子(zi)(zi),温(wen)其(qi)如玉(yu)(yu)(yu)”,是(shi)比德於(wu)(wu)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)。引此者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),证王必服玉(yu)(yu)(yu)之(zhi)意。云(yun)(yun)“天子(zi)(zi)佩(pei)(pei)白玉(yu)(yu)(yu)而(er)玄(xuan)组(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)绶”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此亦《玉(yu)(yu)(yu)藻》文。所佩(pei)(pei)白玉(yu)(yu)(yu),谓(wei)(wei)衡(heng)(heng)、璜(huang)(huang)(huang)、琚、。玄(xuan)组(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)绶者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),用玄(xuan)组(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)绦(tao)穿(chuan)连衡(heng)(heng)璜(huang)(huang)(huang)等,使相承受。引“《诗(shi)传(chuan)》”曰,谓(wei)(wei)是(shi)《韩诗(shi)》。“佩(pei)(pei)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)上有(you)葱衡(heng)(heng)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),衡(heng)(heng),横(heng)也(ye),谓(wei)(wei)葱玉(yu)(yu)(yu)为横(heng)梁。“下有(you)双璜(huang)(huang)(huang),冲(chong)牙(ya)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)(wei)以(yi)组(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)悬於(wu)(wu)衡(heng)(heng)之(zhi)两头,两组(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)之(zhi)末皆(jie)有(you)半壁曰璜(huang)(huang)(huang),故(gu)曰只璜(huang)(huang)(huang)。又(you)以(yi)一组(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)悬於(wu)(wu)衡(heng)(heng)之(zhi)中央,於(wu)(wu)末著冲(chong)牙(ya),使前(qian)後(hou)触璜(huang)(huang)(huang),故(gu)言(yan)冲(chong)牙(ya)。案《毛诗(shi)传(chuan)》,衡(heng)(heng)璜(huang)(huang)(huang)之(zhi)外别有(you)琚。其(qi)琚所置,当於(wu)(wu)悬冲(chong)牙(ya)组(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)之(zhi)中央,又(you)以(yi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)组(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)穿(chuan)於(wu)(wu)琚之(zhi)内角,斜系(xi)於(wu)(wu)衡(heng)(heng)之(zhi)两头,於(wu)(wu)组(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)末系(xi)於(wu)(wu)璜(huang)(huang)(huang)。云(yun)(yun)“珠(zhu)以(yi)纳其(qi)间(jian)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),,奉也(ye)。珠(zhu)出於(wu)(wu)奉,故(gu)言(yan)珠(zhu)。纳其(qi)间(jian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),组(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)绳有(you)五(wu),皆(jie)穿(chuan)珠(zhu)於(wu)(wu)其(qi)间(jian),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)以(yi)纳其(qi)间(jian)。“郑司(si)农云(yun)(yun)服玉(yu)(yu)(yu),冠(guan)(guan)饰十(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案《弁师》掌五(wu)冕(mian)(mian)(mian),衮冕(mian)(mian)(mian)十(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)旒(liu)(liu),冕(mian)(mian)(mian)九(jiu)旒(liu)(liu),毳冕(mian)(mian)(mian)七(qi)旒(liu)(liu),冕(mian)(mian)(mian)五(wu)旒(liu)(liu),玄(xuan)冕(mian)(mian)(mian)三旒(liu)(liu),皆(jie)十(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)。冕(mian)(mian)(mian)则冠(guan)(guan)也(ye)。《弁师》又(you)有(you)皮弁、韦弁、冠(guan)(guan)弁,亦皆(jie)十(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)玉(yu)(yu)(yu),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)冠(guan)(guan)饰十(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)也(ye)。
王(wang)齐,则共食玉。(玉是(shi)阳(yang)精之纯者,食之以御水气。郑司(si)农云:“王(wang)齐当食玉屑。”)
[疏]“王齐则共食玉”
○释曰:谓王祭祀之前散齐七日,致齐三日,是时则共王所食玉屑。
○注“玉是”至“玉屑”
○释曰:知(zhi)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)阳精之(zhi)(zhi)纯者,但玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)声(sheng)清,清则(ze)属阳。又案《楚(chu)语(yu)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)“王孙圉与(yu)赵(zhao)简(jian)子言曰:玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)足以庇荫嘉,使无水(shui)旱之(zhi)(zhi)灾,则(ze)宝之(zhi)(zhi)。珠足以御火,则(ze)宝之(zhi)(zhi)”。服氏云(yun)(yun)(yun):“珠,水(shui)精,足以禁火。”如(ru)是(shi),则(ze)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)火精可(ke)知(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“食之(zhi)(zhi)以御水(shui)气”者,致齐(qi)时,居於路(lu)寝,思其(qi)(qi)笑语(yu),思其(qi)(qi)志意之(zhi)(zhi)类,恐起动(dong)多,故(gu)须玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)以御水(shui)气也(ye)。郑司农云(yun)(yun)(yun)“王齐(qi)当(dang)食玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)屑(xie)(xie)”者,其(qi)(qi)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)屑(xie)(xie)研之(zhi)(zhi)乃(nai)可(ke)食,故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)当(dang)食玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)屑(xie)(xie)也(ye)。
大丧,共含玉、复衣裳、角枕、角四。(角枕以枕尸。郑司农云:“复招魂也。衣裳生时服,招魂复魄于太庙,至四郊。角四,角匕也,以楔齿。《士丧礼》曰:“楔齿用角四。”四楔齿者,令可饭含。”玄复於四郊以绥。
○含(han),户暗反(fan)。枕尸,之鸩(zhen)反(fan)。楔,先结反(fan)。令(ling),力呈(cheng)反(fan)。饭,扶(fu)晚(wan)反(fan)。)
[疏]“大丧”至“角四”
○释曰:大丧谓王丧。“共含玉”者,含玉,璧形而小,以为口实。此不言赠玉、饭玉者,文不备。“复衣裳”者,王始死,招魂复魄之衣裳不在司服者,司服所掌,是寻常衣服,玉府所掌,皆王之美物。其衣服美者,亦玉府掌之。但所复衣裳用死者上服,故玉府供之。“角枕”者,所以枕尸。“角四”者,将以禊齿。
○注“角枕”至“以绥”
○释(shi)曰(yue):“郑(zheng)(zheng)司农云(yun)(yun)复(fu)(fu),招魂(hun)也”者(zhe),人之死者(zhe),魂(hun)气上归於(wu)天,形(xing)魄(po)仍在,欲招取(qu)其(qi)魂(hun),复(fu)(fu)於(wu)魄(po)内(nei),故(gu)《离(li)骚》有《招魂(hun)》篇。云(yun)(yun)“招魂(hun)复(fu)(fu)魄(po)于(yu)大庙,至四郊(jiao)”者(zhe),王有七庙及寝(qin)皆复(fu)(fu)焉,独言(yan)太庙,语虽不(bu)足,义犹可。又言(yan)至四郊(jiao),後郑(zheng)(zheng)不(bu)从之。云(yun)(yun)“角四,角匕也”者(zhe),案《既夕(xi)礼》“楔貌如轭,上两末”,状(zhuang)如枇杷(pa),拔屈中央楔齿(chi)。“玄谓复(fu)(fu)於(wu)四郊(jiao)以(yi)绥”者(zhe),案夏采云(yun)(yun):“以(yi)冕服复(fu)(fu)於(wu)太庙,以(yi)乘车建绥复(fu)(fu)於(wu)四郊(jiao)。”故(gu)郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)复(fu)(fu)於(wu)四郊(jiao)以(yi)绥。言(yan)此者(zhe),破先(xian)郑(zheng)(zheng)於(wu)四郊(jiao)亦(yi)以(yi)衣服。
掌王之燕衣服、衽、席、床、笫,凡亵器。(燕衣服者,巾絮、寝衣、袍衤之属,皆良货贿所成。笫,箦也。郑司农云:“衽席,单席也。亵器,清器,虎子之属。”
○衽(ren),而甚反,又而鸩反。笫,侧(ce)美(mei)反,徐侧(ce)敏反。衤,刘音泽,徐待各反。箦,音责。)
[疏]“掌王”至“亵器”
○释曰:言“掌王之燕衣服”者,谓燕寝中所有衣服之属。“衽席”者,亦燕寝中卧席。“床笫”者,谓燕寝中床箦也。“凡亵器”者,亦谓燕寝中,以燕字为目,衣服已下至亵器,皆是燕。
○注“燕衣”至“之属”
○释曰:云(yun)“燕(yan)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)服(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),巾絮(xu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案(an)(an)(an)《内则(ze)(ze)》“左佩(pei)纷”,纷即(ji)巾也。又(you)妇事舅姑,佩(pei)有(you)线纩,此絮(xu)则(ze)(ze)纩也。云(yun)“寝(qin)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《论语·乡党》云(yun)“必有(you)寝(qin)衣(yi)(yi)(yi),长一身有(you)半(ban)。”郑(zheng)注云(yun)“今之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卧(wo)被”是也。又(you)言“袍衤(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属(shu)(shu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案(an)(an)(an)《毛诗》云(yun),“岂(qi)曰无衣(yi)(yi)(yi),与子同袍”、“与子同衤(yi)”是也。言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属(shu)(shu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),寝(qin)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)内所言不尽,故言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属(shu)(shu)以(yi)广之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)“皆良货(huo)贿所成(cheng)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),见上文云(yun)“凡良货(huo)贿之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)藏(zang)”,故知(zhi)此良货(huo)贿所成(cheng)。郑(zheng)司农云(yun)“衽席(xi)(xi),单(dan)席(xi)(xi)也”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案(an)(an)(an)《曲礼》云(yun)“请衽何趾”,郑(zheng)注云(yun):“衽,卧(wo)席(xi)(xi)。”又(you)案(an)(an)(an)《斯(si)干(gan)》诗云(yun)“下莞上簟”,《内则(ze)(ze)》云(yun)“敛(lian)枕(zhen)箧、簟席(xi)(xi)、衤(yi)蜀器(qi)(qi)而藏(zang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”。司农云(yun)单(dan)席(xi)(xi),则(ze)(ze)卧(wo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)簟席(xi)(xi)。云(yun)“亵器(qi)(qi),清(qing)(qing)器(qi)(qi),虎子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属(shu)(shu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),既在燕(yan)寝(qin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)私亵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi),故知(zhi)清(qing)(qing)器(qi)(qi)虎子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属(shu)(shu)。案(an)(an)(an)《内竖》“及葬,执亵器(qi)(qi)以(yi)从(cong)遣车”,彼(bi)亵器(qi)(qi),振饰沐(mu)(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi),彼(bi)亵器(qi)(qi)与此注不同。彼(bi)从(cong)葬於死者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),不用清(qing)(qing)器(qi)(qi),故为沐(mu)(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)。
若合诸侯,则共珠、玉敦。(敦,类,珠玉以为饰。古者以盛血,以敦盛食。合诸侯者,必割牛耳,取其血,歃之以盟。珠以盛牛耳,尸盟者执之。故书珠为夷。郑司农云:“夷或为珠。玉敦,歃血玉器。”
○敦,音对(dui),徐丁(ding)雷反,注同。盛,音成,下(xia)同。歃(sha),色洽(qia)反,徐霜腊反。)
[疏]“若合”至“玉敦”
○释曰:“合诸侯”者,谓时见曰会,若《司仪》所云“为坛十有二寻,王与诸侯杀牲歃血而盟”,则供珠玉敦。
○注“敦”至“玉器”
○释曰(yue)(yue):言“敦(dun)(dun)(dun),类”者(zhe)(zhe),按《明(ming)堂位》有虞氏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)两敦(dun)(dun)(dun),郑玄云(yun)(yun)“制(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)异同未闻”。此(ci)云(yun)(yun)类者(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)经云(yun)(yun)玉(yu)(yu)敦(dun)(dun)(dun),与(yu)珠(zhu)(zhu)相(xiang)将之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)类。其制(zhi)犹(you)自未闻也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“珠(zhu)(zhu)玉(yu)(yu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)饰”者(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)敦(dun)(dun)(dun)应以(yi)(yi)(yi)木为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),将珠(zhu)(zhu)玉(yu)(yu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)饰耳(er)。云(yun)(yun)“古者(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)(yi)盛(sheng)血,以(yi)(yi)(yi)敦(dun)(dun)(dun)盛(sheng)食”者(zhe)(zhe),案(an)《特牲(sheng)》、《少牢》皆敦(dun)(dun)(dun)盛(sheng)黍(shu)稷(ji),以(yi)(yi)(yi)盛(sheng)血虽无(wu)文,郊血及(ji)血以(yi)(yi)(yi)告(gao)杀,当(dang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)盛(sheng)血也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“合诸侯者(zhe)(zhe),必割牛(niu)耳(er),取(qu)其血,歃(sha)(sha)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)。珠(zhu)(zhu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)盛(sheng)牛(niu)耳(er)”者(zhe)(zhe),祭祀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时有黍(shu)稷(ji),故(gu)敦(dun)(dun)(dun)中盛(sheng)黍(shu)稷(ji)。今盟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)无(wu)黍(shu)稷(ji),敦(dun)(dun)(dun)中宜(yi)盛(sheng)血,牛(niu)耳(er)宜(yi)在(zai)。云(yun)(yun)“尸盟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)者(zhe)(zhe)执之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe),案(an)《左氏》哀(ai)公(gong)(gong)十(shi)七年,“公(gong)(gong)会齐侯,盟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)于蒙。孟武伯问(wen)於(wu)高柴曰(yue)(yue):‘诸侯盟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng),谁(shei)执牛(niu)耳(er)?’季(ji)羔曰(yue)(yue):‘曾(ceng)阝衍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)役(yi),吴(wu)公(gong)(gong)子姑曹(cao)发阳之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)役(yi),卫石。’武伯曰(yue)(yue):‘然(ran)则彘(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。’”注(zhu)云(yun)(yun):“彘(zhi)(zhi),武伯名也(ye)(ye)(ye)。鲁於(wu)齐为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)小国(guo),故(gu)曰(yue)(yue)彘(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)小国(guo)执牛(niu)耳(er)。尸犹(you)主(zhu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。小国(guo)主(zhu)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng),故(gu)使执牛(niu)耳(er)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。知(zhi)此(ci)珠(zhu)(zhu)玉(yu)(yu)敦(dun)(dun)(dun)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)而(er)设者(zhe)(zhe),案(an)《戎右(you)》云(yun)(yun):“盟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)则以(yi)(yi)(yi)玉(yu)(yu)敦(dun)(dun)(dun)辟盟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng),遂役(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),替牛(niu)耳(er),桃。”彼注(zhu)云(yun)(yun):“役(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe),传敦(dun)(dun)(dun)血授当(dang)歃(sha)(sha)者(zhe)(zhe),割牛(niu)耳(er)取(qu)血,助(zhu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。及(ji)血在(zai)敦(dun)(dun)(dun)中,以(yi)(yi)(yi)桃沸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)知(zhi)珠(zhu)(zhu)玉(yu)(yu)敦(dun)(dun)(dun)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)而(er)设。若然(ran),执牛(niu)耳(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)小国(guo)尸盟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。若以(yi)(yi)(yi)歃(sha)(sha)血,则大国(guo)在(zai)先(xian),故(gu)哀(ai)公(gong)(gong)十(shi)七年吴(wu)晋(jin)争先(xian),《国(guo)语》曰(yue)(yue):“吴(wu)公(gong)(gong)先(xian)歃(sha)(sha),晋(jin)亚之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”既言争先(xian),是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)知(zhi)大国(guo)当(dang)在(zai)先(xian)。若诸侯相(xiang)与(yu)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng),则大国(guo)戎右(you)执牛(niu)耳(er)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。
凡王之献金玉、兵器、文织、良货贿之物,受而藏之。(谓百工为王所作,可以献遗诸侯。古者致物於人,尊之则曰献,通行曰馈。《春秋》曰“齐侯来献戎捷”,尊鲁也。文织,画及绣锦。
○织(zhi),音志,一音至,又(you)如字。为,于伪反(fan)。遗(yi),唯季(ji)反(fan),下同。)
[疏]“凡王”至“藏之”
○释曰:言“凡王之献金玉”者,谓金玉已下皆是拟王献遗诸侯,故云“受而藏之”。
○注“谓百”至“绣锦”
○释(shi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):云(yun)(yun)(yun)“谓百(bai)工(gong)为(wei)王(wang)所(suo)作”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓金玉(yu)(yu)已(yi)下(xia),皆是(shi)百(bai)工(gong)为(wei)王(wang)所(suo)作者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),可以(yi)献(xian)(xian)(xian)遗诸侯(hou)(hou)(hou)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“古者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)致物於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)人,尊(zun)(zun)之(zhi)(zhi)则(ze)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)献(xian)(xian)(xian)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),若(ruo)正法,上(shang)(shang)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)下(xia)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)赐,下(xia)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)上(shang)(shang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)献(xian)(xian)(xian)。若(ruo)尊(zun)(zun)敬前人,虽上(shang)(shang)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)下(xia)亦曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)献(xian)(xian)(xian),是(shi)以(yi)天子(zi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)诸侯(hou)(hou)(hou)云(yun)(yun)(yun)献(xian)(xian)(xian)。案《月(yue)令》“后妃献(xian)(xian)(xian)茧”,郑注“谓献(xian)(xian)(xian)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)后妃”。知(zhi)此王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)献(xian)(xian)(xian)金玉(yu)(yu)非(fei)(fei)是(shi)献(xian)(xian)(xian)金玉(yu)(yu)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案下(xia)《内府职》,“凡四(si)(si)方之(zhi)(zhi)币(bi)献(xian)(xian)(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)金玉(yu)(yu)”,彼(bi)是(shi)诸侯(hou)(hou)(hou)献(xian)(xian)(xian)王(wang),入内府藏之(zhi)(zhi),不(bu)得(de)(de)在此,故(gu)(gu)知(zhi)金玉(yu)(yu)是(shi)“献(xian)(xian)(xian)遗诸侯(hou)(hou)(hou)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)。况诸侯(hou)(hou)(hou)中(zhong)兼有二(er)王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)後。二(er)王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)後,王(wang)所(suo)尊(zun)(zun)敬,自(zi)然称(cheng)(cheng)献(xian)(xian)(xian)也(ye)。若(ruo)王(wang)肃(su)(su)之(zhi)(zhi)义,取(qu)《家语》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“吾闻之(zhi)(zhi),君(jun)(jun)取(qu)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)臣(chen)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)取(qu),与於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)君(jun)(jun)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)赐。臣(chen)取(qu)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)君(jun)(jun)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)假(jia),与於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)君(jun)(jun)谓之(zhi)(zhi)献(xian)(xian)(xian)。”以(yi)此难(nan)郑君(jun)(jun)。郑君(jun)(jun)弟子(zi)马昭(zhao)之(zhi)(zhi)等难(nan)王(wang)肃(su)(su):“《礼记》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)‘尸饮五,君(jun)(jun)洗玉(yu)(yu)爵献(xian)(xian)(xian)’。卿况诸侯(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)有二(er)王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)後,何得(de)(de)不(bu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)献(xian)(xian)(xian)也(ye)?”云(yun)(yun)(yun)“通(tong)(tong)行(xing)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)馈(kui)(kui)(kui)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),言(yan)通(tong)(tong)行(xing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),上(shang)(shang)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)下(xia),下(xia)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)上(shang)(shang),及平(ping)敌相(xiang)(xiang)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),皆可云(yun)(yun)(yun)馈(kui)(kui)(kui)。康子(zi)馈(kui)(kui)(kui)药,阳货馈(kui)(kui)(kui)孔子(zi)豚,皆是(shi)上(shang)(shang)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)下(xia)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)馈(kui)(kui)(kui)。《膳夫职》云(yun)(yun)(yun)“王(wang)馈(kui)(kui)(kui)用六”,及《少牢》、《特牲》称(cheng)(cheng)馈(kui)(kui)(kui)食(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)礼,并是(shi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)尊(zun)(zun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)馈(kui)(kui)(kui)。朋(peng)友之(zhi)(zhi)馈(kui)(kui)(kui),虽车马不(bu)拜,是(shi)平(ping)敌相(xiang)(xiang)馈(kui)(kui)(kui)。故(gu)(gu)郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)通(tong)(tong)行(xing)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)馈(kui)(kui)(kui)。“《春秋》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)齐(qi)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)来(lai)献(xian)(xian)(xian)戎捷,尊(zun)(zun)鲁(lu)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案庄(zhuang)公三十一年《公羊》云(yun)(yun)(yun):“齐(qi)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)来(lai)献(xian)(xian)(xian)戎捷。齐(qi),大(da)国(guo)也(ye),曷(he)为(wei)亲来(lai)献(xian)(xian)(xian)戎捷?威(wei)我也(ye)。”《左(zuo)传(chuan)》云(yun)(yun)(yun):“非(fei)(fei)礼也(ye)。凡诸侯(hou)(hou)(hou)有四(si)(si)夷之(zhi)(zhi)功,则(ze)献(xian)(xian)(xian)于王(wang)。中(zhong)国(guo)则(ze)否。”《梁(liang)》云(yun)(yun)(yun):“齐(qi)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)来(lai)献(xian)(xian)(xian)捷者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),内齐(qi)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)也(ye)。”注云(yun)(yun)(yun):“泰(tai)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)齐(qi)桓,内救(jiu)中(zhong)国(guo),外攘夷狄,亲倚之(zhi)(zhi)情,不(bu)以(yi)齐(qi)为(wei)异国(guo),故(gu)(gu)不(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)使,若(ruo)同二(er)国(guo)也(ye)。然《三传(chuan)》皆不(bu)解献(xian)(xian)(xian)义,今郑引者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)齐(qi)大(da)于鲁(lu),言(yan)来(lai)献(xian)(xian)(xian),明尊(zun)(zun)之(zhi)(zhi)则(ze)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)献(xian)(xian)(xian),未(wei)必要卑者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)尊(zun)(zun)乃得(de)(de)言(yan)献(xian)(xian)(xian)。
凡王(wang)之好赐,共其货贿。
[疏]“凡王”至“货贿”
○释(shi)曰:此(ci)谓王於群臣有恩好,因(yin)燕饮而赐之货贿者也。
内(nei)府掌受九贡九赋九功之货贿、良兵、良器(qi),以待邦之大(da)用。(大(da)用,朝觐(jin)之颁赐(ci)。)
[疏]“内府”至“大用”
○释曰:“掌受九贡九赋九功”者,此九贡以下而言受,即是《大府》所云“九贡已下颁之於受藏之府”是也。案彼注云“受藏之府若内府也”,则此九贡等由大府而来,内府皆受藏之也。云“良兵、良器”者,此是冬官百工所作,亦由大府而来。良兵谓弓矢殳矛戈戟五兵之良者,良器谓车乘及礼乐器之善者。云“以待邦之大用”者,谓诸侯来朝觐,所颁赐者也。
○注“大用”至“颁赐”
○释曰:掌给(ji)九式及(ji)吊(diao)用,是(shi)大府所给(ji)也,玩好之(zhi)用,玉府所给(ji)也。此又言(yan)以待邦之(zhi)大用,明是(shi)朝觐颁(ban)赐可知。
凡四方之币献之金玉、齿革、兵器,凡良货贿入焉。(诸侯朝聘所献国珍。)
[疏]“凡四”至“入焉”
○释曰:云“凡四方之币献”者,谓四方诸侯来朝觐,及遣卿大夫来聘问,将币三享,贡献珍异,有此金玉及齿革之等。金者,谓若《禹贡》“惟金三品”之类。玉者,谓若《禹贡》“球琳琅”之类。齿谓若象牙之类,革谓若犀皮之类。兵器者,《禹贡》无贡兵器之法,此周时有之。凡良货贿,其不良者入於职内,给国之用,此良者入内府,以给王之用。
○注“诸侯”至“国珍”
○释曰:“诸(zhu)侯朝(chao)聘所献国珍”者,《觐礼》所云(yun)“一马(ma)卓(zhuo)上,九马(ma)随之(zhi),龟金竹箭,分为三(san)享”是也(ye)。诸(zhu)侯遣臣聘所献国珍者,谓若《聘礼》束帛(bo)加璧,庭实乘皮之(zhi)等是也(ye)。此因朝(chao)聘而贡(gong),先入於(wu)掌货贿,入其要於(wu)大府(fu),乃(nai)始(shi)通之(zhi)於(wu)内府(fu)也(ye)。
凡四方使者,共其所受之物而奉之。(王所以遗诸侯者。
○使,所吏反。)
[疏]“凡”至“奉之”
○释曰:言“凡四方使”者,谓使公卿大夫聘问诸侯,若《大行人》所云“间问省ぽ”之等。“共其所受之物”,谓使者受将行之物,则内府奉而与之。
○注“王所”至“侯者”
○释(shi)曰:即(ji)上王之(zhi)(zhi)献金玉兵器已下是也,彼据(ju)藏(zang)之(zhi)(zhi),此据(ju)用之(zhi)(zhi)。
凡王及冢宰之好赐予,则共之。(冢宰待四方宾客之小治,或有所善,亦赐予之。
○治,直吏反(fan)。)
[疏]注“冢宰”至“予之”
○释(shi)曰:云“冢宰待四(si)方宾(bin)客之(zhi)小(xiao)治”者,《大宰职》文云,大事决(jue)于(yu)王,小(xiao)事则冢宰专平之(zhi)。以其冢宰贰王治事,或有所善,亦得赐(ci)予之(zhi)。云“所善”,释(shi)经中(zhong)“好”也。
外府掌邦布之入出,以共百物,而待邦之用,凡有法者。(布,泉也。布读为宣布之布。其藏曰泉,其行曰布,取名於水泉,其流行无不遍。入出,谓受之复出之。共百物者,或作之,或买之。待犹给也。有法,百官之公用也。泉始盖一品,周景王铸大泉而有二品。後数变易,不复识本制。至汉,惟有五铢久行。王莽改货而异作,泉布多至十品,今存於民间多者,有货布、大泉、货泉。货布长二寸五分,广寸,首长八分有奇,广八分;其圜好径二分半,足枝长八分,其右文曰货,左文曰布,重二十五铢,直货泉二十五。大泉径一寸二分,重十二铢,文曰大泉,直十五货泉。货泉径一寸,重五铢,右文曰货。左文曰泉,直一也。
○遍,古遍字,下(xia)同。复,扶又反,徐音(yin)服。数,音(yin)朔。奇,纪宜反。枝字一音(yin)奇。)
[疏]“外府”至“法者”
○释曰:云“掌邦布之入出”者,邦,国也。布,泉也。谓国之所有泉皆来入外府,是其邦布之入也;国之用泉者皆外府出与之,是邦布之出也,故总云邦布之入出。此言与下为目。云“以共百物”者,谓共国家器物之泉也。“而待邦之用”者,谓国家非常所用,亦出泉与之也。“凡有法者”,谓在朝官府依常法用之者,亦出泉与之。
○注“布泉”至“一也”
○释曰(yue):“布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu),泉(quan)(quan)(quan)也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),此言(yan)(yan)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu),《地官·泉(quan)(quan)(quan)府》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)泉(quan)(quan)(quan),是(shi)(shi)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)一(yi)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)读(du)为(wei)(wei)宣(xuan)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)之(zhi)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)”者(zhe)(zhe),此读(du)如秋(qiu)官布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)宪,彼布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)宣(xuan)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)之(zhi)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu),此布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)亦是(shi)(shi)宣(xuan)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu),故读(du)从(cong)之(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“其藏(zang)曰(yue)泉(quan)(quan)(quan),其行(xing)(xing)曰(yue)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)”者(zhe)(zhe),此郑欲解泉(quan)(quan)(quan)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)一(yi)物(wu)(wu)两名(ming)之(zhi)意。《地官·泉(quan)(quan)(quan)府》不言(yan)(yan)外(wai),不言(yan)(yan)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu),据其所(suo)藏(zang)为(wei)(wei)名(ming)。此官言(yan)(yan)外(wai)、言(yan)(yan)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu),取名(ming)於(wu)(wu)其流行(xing)(xing)於(wu)(wu)外(wai)为(wei)(wei)称,故郑即(ji)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“取名(ming)於(wu)(wu)水泉(quan)(quan)(quan),其流行(xing)(xing)无不遍(bian)”。无不遍(bian)即(ji)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)之(zhi)义(yi)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“共百物(wu)(wu)者(zhe)(zhe),或(huo)(huo)作(zuo)之(zhi),或(huo)(huo)买之(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe),或(huo)(huo)作(zuo)之(zhi)谓(wei)出物(wu)(wu)使百工所(suo)营作(zuo),或(huo)(huo)买之(zhi)以(yi)充国用也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“泉(quan)(quan)(quan)始盖(gai)一(yi)品(pin)(pin)”者(zhe)(zhe),即(ji)此经(jing)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“周景(jing)(jing)王”已下,并(bing)《汉书·食货(huo)(huo)志》文(wen)(wen)。案彼周景(jing)(jing)王时患泉(quan)(quan)(quan)轻,将更(geng)(geng)铸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)大(da)(da)(da)泉(quan)(quan)(quan),单穆公曰(yue):“不可(ke)。”王不听,铸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)大(da)(da)(da)泉(quan)(quan)(quan),文(wen)(wen)曰(yue)“宝货(huo)(huo)”。汉兴(xing),为(wei)(wei)秦泉(quan)(quan)(quan)重,难用,更(geng)(geng)令民铸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)榆荚(jia)钱(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。至(zhi)(zhi)孝文(wen)(wen),有(you)司言(yan)(yan)榆荚(jia)三铢轻,易奸(jian)诈,请铸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)铢。至(zhi)(zhi)王莽(mang)居摄,变(bian)汉制(zhi),更(geng)(geng)造(zao)(zao)大(da)(da)(da)泉(quan)(quan)(quan),径(jing)寸二分,重一(yi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二铢,文(wen)(wen)曰(yue)“大(da)(da)(da)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)”,直(zhi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。又(you)造(zao)(zao)契(qi)刀(dao)(dao),形(xing)如钱(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian),直(zhi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)百。又(you)造(zao)(zao)错(cuo)刀(dao)(dao),以(yi)黄金(jin)错(cuo)其文(wen)(wen)曰(yue)“一(yi)刀(dao)(dao)”,直(zhi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)千(qian)。与(yu)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)铢钱(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)凡(fan)四品(pin)(pin),并(bing)行(xing)(xing)。至(zhi)(zhi)莽(mang)即(ji)真,罢(ba)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)铢钱(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian),异作(zuo)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu),多(duo)(duo)至(zhi)(zhi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin),其中(zhong)有(you)大(da)(da)(da)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、次布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、弟(di)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、壮布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、中(zhong)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、差布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、厚布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、幼布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、公布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、小布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu),是(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)货(huo)(huo)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)也(ye)(ye)。其泉(quan)(quan)(quan)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)者(zhe)(zhe),莽(mang)居摄、作(zuo)大(da)(da)(da)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)、错(cuo)刀(dao)(dao)、契(qi)刀(dao)(dao);即(ji)真,作(zuo)小钱(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)、幺钱(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)、幼钱(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)、中(zhong)钱(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)、壮钱(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian);天凤年(nian),更(geng)(geng)造(zao)(zao)货(huo)(huo)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)与(yu)货(huo)(huo)钱(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)为(wei)(wei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)。莽(mang)以(yi)刘(liu)有(you)金(jin)刀(dao)(dao),罢(ba)契(qi)刀(dao)(dao)、错(cuo)刀(dao)(dao)。若然,郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)後(hou)数变(bian)易,不复(fu)识旧本制(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe),据秦汉至(zhi)(zhi)莽(mang)已前而言(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“唯有(you)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)铢久(jiu)行(xing)(xing)”者(zhe)(zhe),从(cong)汉孝文(wen)(wen)作(zuo)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)铢钱(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian),至(zhi)(zhi)莽(mang),世数既多(duo)(duo),故云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)久(jiu)行(xing)(xing)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“今存於(wu)(wu)民间(jian)多(duo)(duo)者(zhe)(zhe),有(you)货(huo)(huo)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)(da)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)”已下者(zhe)(zhe),是(shi)(shi)从(cong)莽(mang)至(zhi)(zhi)汉末郑君(jun)时,见行(xing)(xing)此三者(zhe)(zhe),故云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)今存於(wu)(wu)民间(jian)也(ye)(ye)。案彼文(wen)(wen),其货(huo)(huo)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)直(zhi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)长二寸五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)分,广(guang)(guang)寸,首长八(ba)分,圜好(hao)径(jing)二分,无“有(you)奇(qi)广(guang)(guang)八(ba)分半(ban),足枝长八(ba)分”等十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)字(zi)。今郑言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe),此并(bing)郑言(yan)(yan)目所(suo)觌见,以(yi)义(yi)增之(zhi)耳。又(you)案彼大(da)(da)(da)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)直(zhi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),不云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)言(yan)(yan)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)者(zhe)(zhe),亦误(wu),当从(cong)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)正也(ye)(ye)。且王莽(mang)之(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)泉(quan)(quan)(quan),盖(gai)与(yu)景(jing)(jing)王所(suo)铸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)大(da)(da)(da)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)亦异也(ye)(ye)。
共王及后、世子之衣服之用。凡祭祀、宾客、丧纪、会同、军旅,共其财用之币赍,赐予之财用。(赍,行道之财用也。《聘礼》曰:“问几月之赍。”郑司农云:“赍或为资,今礼家定赍作资。”玄谓赍、资同耳。其字以齐次为声,从贝变易,古字亦多或。
○赍,音咨(zi),注同(tong),一音祖系(xi)反(fan)。几,徐举(ju)岂(qi)反(fan)。)
[疏]“共王”至“财用”
○释曰:从王至军旅,所须财用,皆外府供其泉也。云币赍之财用,谓王使公卿已下,聘问诸侯之行道所用,则曰币赍。云“赐予之财用”者,谓王於群臣有所恩好,赐予之也。
○注“赍行”至“多或”
○释(shi)曰(yue):“问几(ji)月(yue)之赍(ji)”者,案(an)《聘(pin)礼(li)记》“使者既受行(xing)出,遂见宰,问几(ji)月(yue)之资(zi)”。注云(yun):“资(zi),行(xing)用也。古者君臣谋(mou)密草创,未(wei)知(zhi)所之远(yuan)近,问行(xing)用,常(chang)知(zhi)多少而已(yi)。”是其问几(ji)月(yue)之资(zi)。郑司农云(yun)“赍(ji)或(huo)为资(zi),今(jin)礼(li)家定(ding)赍(ji)作(zuo)资(zi)”者,赍(ji)、资(zi)义一,何得言礼(li)家定(ding)作(zuo)资(zi)?故後郑不从。赍(ji)资(zi)两字直是齐(qi)次为声,从贝变易耳。
凡邦之小用,皆(jie)受焉。(皆(jie)来受。)
[疏]“凡邦”至“受焉”
○释曰:但外府所(suo)纳(na)泉布(bu),所(suo)积(ji)既(ji)少,有小用(yong)则给(ji)之,若大用(yong)即取馀府。
岁终,则会,唯王(wang)及(ji)后之服不会。
[疏]“岁终”至“不会”
○释曰:言王及后(hou)不会,以衣服(fu)异於(wu)膳羞与(yu)所加(jia)禽兽,故通世(shi)子可以会之也。
司会掌邦之六典、八法、八则之贰,以逆邦国都鄙官府之治。(逆受而钩考之。
○会(hui),古外反,下同。治,直(zhi)吏反,注(zhu)同。)
[疏]“司会”至“之治”
○释曰(yue):云“掌六(liu)典(dian)八法(fa)(fa)八则之(zhi)(zhi)贰”者,案《大宰》云“六(liu)典(dian)治(zhi)(zhi)邦国(guo),八法(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)官府,八则治(zhi)(zhi)都鄙”,但司(si)会是钩考之(zhi)(zhi)官,还以(yi)六(liu)典(dian)逆邦国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)治(zhi)(zhi),八法(fa)(fa)逆官府之(zhi)(zhi)治(zhi)(zhi),八则逆都鄙之(zhi)(zhi)治(zhi)(zhi)。逆皆谓钩考,知得失。
以(yi)(yi)(yi)九贡之(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)致邦国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)财(cai)用(yong),以(yi)(yi)(yi)九赋之(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)令田野之(zhi)(zhi)财(cai)用(yong),以(yi)(yi)(yi)九功之(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)令民职之(zhi)(zhi)财(cai)用(yong),以(yi)(yi)(yi)九式之(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)均节邦之(zhi)(zhi)财(cai)用(yong)。掌国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)官府(fu)、郊(jiao)(jiao)野、县都(dou)之(zhi)(zhi)百(bai)物财(cai)用(yong),凡在书(shu)契(qi)版图(tu)者之(zhi)(zhi)贰,以(yi)(yi)(yi)逆群吏之(zhi)(zhi)治,而听其会(hui)计(ji)。(郊(jiao)(jiao),四郊(jiao)(jiao),去国(guo)(guo)百(bai)里。野,甸稍也(ye)。甸去国(guo)(guo)二百(bai)里,稍三百(bai)里,县四百(bai)里,都(dou)五百(bai)里。书(shu)谓(wei)簿书(shu)。契(qi),其最凡也(ye)。版,户(hu)籍也(ye)。图(tu),土地形象,田地广狭。)
[疏]“以九”至“会计”
○释曰:言“以九贡之法致邦国之财用”者,九贡即是《大宰》九贡,其所贡之物出於诸侯邦国。言之财用,谓诸侯於其民什一取之。既取得民物,大国贡半,次国三之一,小国四之一。所贡之物,皆市取土毛,贡於天子,则《禹贡》所云“厥篚厥贡”是也,故云致邦国之财用。此即《小行人》云“春令入贡”,是谓岁之常贡。《大行人》因朝而贡者,所贡无常,不应使司会致之。云“以九赋之法令田野之财用”,此九赋即《大宰》所云“九赋敛财贿”是也。言法者,谓口率出钱多少,有其定法。令田野之财用者,九赋之内,惟有关市、币馀,国中非田野,自外四郊、邦甸、家稍、邦县、邦都、山泽,尽是田野,据多言之,故言令田野之财用。云“以九功之法令民职之财用”者,九功即是《大宰》九职之功所税。言之法者,亦是税法什一为常。言令民职之财用者,以其九职任万民,使之出税,故云令民职之财用。云“以九式均节邦之财用”者,九式所以用九赋,使均平有节,故云均节邦之财用。云“掌国之官府”者,案《大宰》九赋一曰邦中,二曰四郊,此不言邦中而言官府者,以官府在邦中,故举官府以表邦中。其实官府不出赋也。云“郊野、县都之百物财用”者,以其民之出赋,不必皆使出泉,以百物当之亦得,故《大宰》云“九赋敛财贿”,则此百物、财用一也。但九式用九赋,大宰均节而用之,此司会主钩考,故亦言之矣。“凡在书契版图者之贰者”,此书契版图,下文司书掌其正,此司会主钩考,故掌其副贰。云“以逆群吏之治”者,群吏谓朝廷官府下及群都县都群臣之治,皆逆而钩考之。云“而听其会计”者,谓群吏以会计文书送於司会者,司会皆听断之。
○注“郊四”至“广狭”
○释(shi)曰(yue):此九(jiu)式用九(jiu)赋,故(gu)以(yi)郊(jiao)(jiao)野已下依(yi)此《大宰(zai)》九(jiu)赋次(ci)第(di)以(yi)释(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。彼(bi)九(jiu)赋一曰(yue)邦中之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)赋当此官府,此郊(jiao)(jiao)当彼(bi)四(si)郊(jiao)(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)赋,据远郊(jiao)(jiao)言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)去国百里。“郊(jiao)(jiao)外曰(yue)野”,大总之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言,故(gu)此野当彼(bi)三(san)曰(yue)邦,甸去国二(er)百里,又当彼(bi)四(si)曰(yue)家稍,故(gu)郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)“甸去国二(er)百里,稍三(san)百里”也(ye)。此经县(xian)当彼(bi)五曰(yue)邦县(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)赋,故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“县(xian)四(si)百里”。此经都(dou)即彼(bi)六曰(yue)邦都(dou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)赋,故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“都(dou)五百里”。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“书(shu)(shu)(shu)谓簿书(shu)(shu)(shu)”者(zhe),汉(han)时以(yi)簿书(shu)(shu)(shu)记事,至(zhi)於馀物(wu)记事,亦谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)簿书(shu)(shu)(shu),故(gu)举汉(han)法而言也(ye)。“契(qi),其最(zui)凡也(ye)”者(zhe),此之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)书(shu)(shu)(shu)契(qi),即《小宰(zai)》八(ba)成(cheng)取予以(yi)书(shu)(shu)(shu)契(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类。最(zui)凡,谓计(ji)要之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多少(shao)(shao)以(yi)为契(qi)要。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“版,户籍也(ye)”者(zhe),汉(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)户籍,皆以(yi)版书(shu)(shu)(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),故(gu)以(yi)汉(han)法况。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“图,土地(di)形象,田(tian)地(di)广狭(xia)”者(zhe),下《司(si)书(shu)(shu)(shu)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)“土地(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)图有(you)其形象”,即是民之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)田(tian)地(di)广狭(xia)多少(shao)(shao),皆在於图也(ye)。
以参互[A064]日成,以月要[A064]月成,以岁会[A064]岁成。(参互谓司书之要贰,与职内之入,职岁之出。故书互为巨。杜子春读为参互。
○[A064],音考(kao)。)
[疏]“以参”至“岁成”
○释曰:“以参互考日成”者,司会钩考之官,以司书之等,相参交互,考一日之成。一日之中计文书也。“以月要考月成”者,月计曰要,亦与诸职参互,考一月成事文书也。“以岁会考岁成”者,岁计曰会,以一岁之会计考当岁成事文书。
○注“参互”至“为参互”
○释曰:言“参互谓司书之要贰”者,案(an)《司书职》云(yun):“凡(fan)税敛掌(zhang)事(shi)者受法(fa)焉,及(ji)事(shi)成则入要贰焉。”又(you)案(an)《职内》云(yun)“掌(zhang)邦之赋(fu)入”。又(you)案(an)《职岁》云(yun)“掌(zhang)邦之赋(fu)出(chu)”。云(yun)参互钩(gou)考,明知有此(ci)三官,出(chu)内事(shi)共钩(gou)考之。
以(yi)(yi)周知四国之(zhi)治(zhi),以(yi)(yi)诏王(wang)及冢(zhong)宰废置(zhi)。(周犹(you)遍也。言四国者,本逆邦国之(zhi)治(zhi),亦钩(gou)考以(yi)(yi)告。)
[疏]“以周”至“废置”
○释曰:周,遍也。四国谓四方诸侯之国。遍知诸侯之治者,以是钩考之官,须知诸侯得失,以此治职文书,以诏王及冢宰,有功者升进而置之,有罪者黜退以废之。所诏告及冢宰者,以其冢宰者副贰王之治事,故并告之。
○注“周犹”至“以告”
○释曰:言“四国者(zhe),本逆邦(bang)国之(zhi)(zhi)治(zhi)”者(zhe),案上云“掌邦(bang)之(zhi)(zhi)六典(dian),以(yi)逆邦(bang)国之(zhi)(zhi)治(zhi)”,逆即钩考(kao)也,故(gu)云“亦钩考(kao)以(yi)告”也。