《尔雅注疏(shu)》卷(juan)六·释天第八
【疏】“释天第八”。○释曰：《河图括地象》云：“易有大极，是生两仪。两仪未分，其气混沌。清浊既分，伏者为天，偃者为地。”《释名》云：“天，显也。在上高显。”又云：“天，坦也。坦然高远。”《说文》云：“天，颠也。至高无上，从一大也。”《春秋说题辞》云：“天之言镇也，居高理下，为人经纪，故其字一大以镇之。”此天之名义也。天之为体，中包乎地，日月星辰属焉。然天地有高下之形，四时有升降之理，日月有运行之度，星辰有次舍之常，既曰释天，不得不略言其趣。故其形状之殊，凡有六等。一曰“盖天”，文见《周髀》，如盖在上。二曰“浑天”，形如弹丸，地在其中，天包其外，犹如鸡卵白之绕黄。杨雄、桓谭、张衡、蔡邕、陆绩、王肃、郑玄之徒，并所依用。三曰“宣夜”，旧说云殷代之制。其形体事义，无所出以言之。四曰“昕天”。昕读为轩，言天北高南下，若车之轩，是吴时姚信所说。五曰“穹天”，云穹隆在上，虞氏所说，不知其名也。六曰“安天”，是晋时虞喜所论。案郑注《考灵耀》云：“天者纯阳，清明无形，圣人则之，制玑玉衡以度其象。”如郑此言，则天是大虚，本无形体，但指诸星运转以为天耳。但诸星之转，从东而西，凡三百六十五日四分日之一，星复旧处。星既左转，日则右行，亦三百六十五日四分日之一，至旧星之处。即以一日之行而为一度，计二十八宿一周天，凡三百六十五度四分度之一，是天之一周之数也。天如弹九，围圜三百六十五度四分度之一。案《考灵耀》云：“一度二千九百三十二里千四百六十一分里之三百四十八。”周天百十万一千里者，是天圜周之里数也。以围三径一言之，则直径三千五万七千里，此为二十八宿所回直径之数也。然二十八宿之外，上下东西各有万五千里，是为四游之极，谓之四表。据四表之内并星宿内，总有三十八万七千里。然则天之中央上下正半之处，则一十九万三千五百里，地在於中，是地去天之数也。郑注《考灵耀》云：“地盖厚三万里。春分之时，地正当中。自此地渐渐而下，至夏至之时，地下万五千里，地之上畔与天中平。夏至之後，地渐渐向上。至秋分，地正当天之中央。自此地渐渐而上，至冬至，上游万五千里，地之下畔与天中平。自冬至後，地渐渐而下。此是地之升降於三万里之中，但浑天之体，虽绕於地，地则中央正平，天则北高南下，北极高於地三十六度。南极下於地三十六度，然则北极之下三十六度，常见不没；南极之上三十六度，常没不见。南极去北极一百二十一度馀。若逐曲计之，则一百八十一度馀。若以南北中半言之，谓之赤道，去南极九十一度馀，去北极亦九十一度馀。此是春秋分之日道。赤道之北二十四度，为夏至之日道，去北极六十七度也。赤道之南二十四度，为冬至之日道，去南极亦六十七度。”地有升降，星辰有四游。又郑注《考灵耀》云：“天旁日四表之中，冬南、夏北、春西、秋东，皆薄四表而止。地亦升降於天之中，冬至而下，夏至而上，二至上下，盖极地厚也。地与星辰俱有四游升降。四游者，自立春地与星辰西游，春分，西游之极。地虽西极，升降正中，从此渐渐而东，至春末复正。自立夏之後北游，夏至，北游之极。地则升降极下，至夏末复正。立秋之後东游，秋分，东游之极。地则升降正中，至秋末复正。立冬之後南游，冬至，南游之极，地则升降极上，至冬末复正。”此是地及星辰四游之义也。星辰亦随地升降，故郑注《考灵耀》云：“夏日道上与四表平，下去东井十二度为三万里，则是夏至之日，上极万五千里，星辰下极万五千里，故夏至之日，下至东井三万里也。”日有九道，故《考灵耀》云：“万世不失九道谋。”郑注引《河图》帝览嬉云：“黄道一，青道二，出黄道东；赤道二，出黄道南；白道二，出黄道西；黑道二，出黄道北。日春东从青道，夏南从赤道，秋西从白道，冬北从黑道。”立春，星辰西游，日则东游。春分，星辰西游之极，日东游之极，日与星辰相去三万里。立夏，星辰北游，日则南游。夏至，星辰北游之极，日南游之极，日与星辰相去三万里。以此推之，秋冬放此可知。计夏至之日，日在井星，当嵩高之上，以其南游之极，故在嵩高之南万五千里，所以夏至有尺五寸之景也。於时日又上极，星辰下极，故日下去东井三万里也。然郑四游之说，元出《周髀》之文，但二十八宿从东而左行，日从西而右行，一度逆沿二十八宿。案《汉书·律历志》云：“冬至之时，日在牵牛初度。春分之时，日在娄四度。夏至之时，日在东井三十一度。秋分之时，日在角十度。”若日在东井，则极长，八尺之表，尺五寸之景。若春分在娄，秋分在角，昼夜等，八尺之表，七尺五寸之景。冬至日在斗，则昼极短，八尺之表，一丈三尺之景。一丈三尺之中，去其一尺五寸，则馀有一丈一尺五寸之景，是冬夏往来之景也。凡於地，千里而差一寸，则夏至去冬至，体渐南渐下，相去十一万五千里。又《考灵耀》云：“正月假上八万里，假下一十万四千里。”所以有假上假下者，郑注《考灵耀》之意，以天去地十九万三千五百里。正月雨水之时，日在上，假於天八万里，下至地一十一万三千五百里。夏至之时，日上极与天表平也。後日渐向下。故郑注《考灵耀》云：“夏至日与表平，冬至之时，日下至於地八万里，上至於天十一万三千五百里也。”委曲具《考灵耀》注。凡二十八宿及诸星，皆循天左行，一日一夜一周天。一周天之外，更行一度，计一年三百六十五周天四分度之一。日月五星则右行，日一日一度，月一日一十三度十九分度之七，此相通之数也。今历象之说，则月一日至於四日行最疾，日行十四度馀；自五日至八日行次疾，日行十三度馀；自九日至十九日行则迟，日行十二度馀；自二十日至二十三日又小疾，日行十三度馀；自二十四日至於晦行又最疾，日行一十四度馀。此是月行之大率也。二十七日月行一周天，至二十九日︹半月又於日与日相会，乃为一月。故《考灵耀》云：“九百四十分为一日，二十九日与四百九十九分为月。”是一月二十九日之外，至第三十日分至四百九十九分。月及於日，计九百四十分，则四百七十为半，今四百九十九分是过半二十九分也。但月是阴精，日为阳精，故《周髀》云：“日犹火，月犹水，火则外光，水则含景，故月光生於日所照，魄生於日所蔽，当日则光盈，就日则明尽。”京房云：“月与星辰阴者也，有形无光，日照之乃有光。先师以为日似弹丸，月似镜体。或以为月亦似弹丸，日照处则明，不照处则ウ。”案《律历志》云：“二十八宿之度，角一十二度，亢九，氐十五，房五，心五，尾十八，箕十一：东方七十五度。斗二十六，牛八，女十二，虚十，危十七，营室十六，壁九：北方九十八度。奎十六，娄十二，胃十四，昴十一，毕十六，觜二，参九：西方八十度。井三十二，鬼四，柳十五，星七，张十八，翼十八，轸十七：南方一百一十二度。丑为星纪，初斗十二度，终婺女七度。子为玄枵，初婺女八度，终於危十五度。亥为И觜，初危十六度，终於奎四度。戌为降娄，初奎五度，终於胃六度。酉为大梁，初胃七度，终於毕十一度。申为实沈，初毕十二度，终於井十五度。未为鹑首，初井十六度，终於柳八度。午为鹑火，初柳九度，终於张十七度。巳为鹑尾，初张十八度终，於轸十一度。辰为寿星，初轸十二度，终於氐四度。卯为大火，初氐五度，终於尾九度。寅为析木，初尾十度，终於斗十一度。”五星者，东方岁星，南方荧惑，西方太白，北方辰星，中央镇星，其行之迟速俱在《律历志》，不更烦说。《元命包》云：“日之为言实也。月，阙也。”刘熙《释名》云：“日，实也。光明盛实。月，阙也。满则阙也。”《说题辞》云：“星，阳精之荣也。阳精为日，日分为星，故其字日下生也。”《释名》云：“星，散也。布散於天。”又云：“阴，荫也。气在内奥荫也。阳，扬也。阳气在外发扬。”此等是阴阳日月之名也。《祭法》：“黄帝正名百物。”其名盖黄帝而有也，或後人更有增足。其天高地下、日盈月阙，觜星度少、井斗度多，日月右行、星辰左转，四游升降之差、二仪运动之法，非由人事所作，皆是造化自然。先儒因自然遂以人事为义，或据理是实，或扌虚不经，既无正文可冯，今皆略而不录。
穹苍，苍天(tian)也(ye)。（天(tian)形(xing)穹隆(long)，其色苍苍，因名云。）春为(wei)(wei)苍天(tian)，（万(wan)物苍苍然(ran)生。）夏为(wei)(wei)昊天(tian)，（言(yan)气告(gao)旰。）秋为(wei)(wei)天(tian)，（犹(you)愍也(ye)，愍万(wan)物落(luo)。）冬为(wei)(wei)上(shang)天(tian)。（言(yan)时(shi)无事，在上(shang)临下而(er)已(yi)。）四时(shi)。
【疏】“穹(qiong)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)”至“四(si)时(shi)(shi)”。○释曰(yue)：此(ci)释四(si)时(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)名(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“穹(qiong)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)，苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《诗(shi)(shi)·大(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)·桑柔》云(yun)：“靡有(you)旅力，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)念穹(qiong)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)。”故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)此(ci)释之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。诗(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)因(yin)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)形(xing)穹(qiong)隆，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)色(se)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)穹(qiong)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)实则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)与下(xia)云(yun)“春(chun)(chun)为(wei)(wei)(wei)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)一，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)“穹(qiong)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)，苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”。郭(guo)(guo)云(yun)：“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)形(xing)穹(qiong)隆，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)色(se)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)，因(yin)名(ming)云(yun)”也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“春(chun)(chun)为(wei)(wei)(wei)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《诗(shi)(shi)·王(wang)风(feng)·黍离》云(yun)：“悠悠苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。”故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)此(ci)释之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。郭(guo)(guo)云(yun)“万(wan)(wan)(wan)物苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)然(ran)生(sheng)(sheng)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)春(chun)(chun)时(shi)(shi)万(wan)(wan)(wan)物苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)然(ran)生(sheng)(sheng)，春(chun)(chun)时(shi)(shi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)名(ming)曰(yue)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“夏(xia)(xia)(xia)为(wei)(wei)(wei)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《诗(shi)(shi)·雨无(wu)正(zheng)》云(yun)：“浩(hao)(hao)浩(hao)(hao)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。”故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)此(ci)释之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)元气(qi)(qi)(qi)博大(da)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貌(mao)。郭(guo)(guo)云(yun)“言(yan)(yan)(yan)气(qi)(qi)(qi)告旰(gan)(gan)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，告旰(gan)(gan)，日(ri)光(guang)出之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貌(mao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)畏日(ri)光(guang)明(ming)(ming)告旰(gan)(gan)，因(yin)名(ming)云(yun)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“秋(qiu)(qiu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《诗(shi)(shi)·大(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)·召》云(yun)“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)疾威”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类，，愍(min)(min)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)秋(qiu)(qiu)气(qi)(qi)(qi)肃杀，万(wan)(wan)(wan)物可(ke)愍(min)(min)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)曰(yue)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。郭(guo)(guo)云(yun)“犹愍(min)(min)也(ye)(ye)(ye)，愍(min)(min)万(wan)(wan)(wan)物落(luo)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，，愍(min)(min)。《诗(shi)(shi)序》文(wen)但彼愍(min)(min)作闵，音义同也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“冬(dong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《诗(shi)(shi)·小雅(ya)(ya)(ya)·信南(nan)山》云(yun)“上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)同云(yun)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类，言(yan)(yan)(yan)冬(dong)时(shi)(shi)无(wu)事，唯在(zai)(zai)於上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)曰(yue)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。郭(guo)(guo)云(yun)“言(yan)(yan)(yan)时(shi)(shi)无(wu)事，在(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)临(lin)下(xia)而(er)已(yi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)冬(dong)气(qi)(qi)(qi)闭藏(zang)，无(wu)他生(sheng)(sheng)杀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事，唯在(zai)(zai)於上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)、监於下(xia)而(er)已(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。案(an)《诗(shi)(shi)》传(chuan)(chuan)云(yun)：“苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)体(ti)言(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，尊(zun)(zun)而(er)君之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)皇(huang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)；元气(qi)(qi)(qi)广(guang)大(da)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)；仁覆(fu)(fu)闵下(xia)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)；自上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)降监，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)；据远视之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)然(ran)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。”毛公此(ci)传(chuan)(chuan)当(dang)(dang)有(you)成文(wen)，不知(zhi)出何书。李(li)巡云(yun)：“古诗(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)质，仰(yang)视天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)形(xing)穹(qiong)隆而(er)高，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)色(se)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)曰(yue)穹(qiong)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)。”是(shi)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)体(ti)言(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。皇(huang)，君也(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)尊(zun)(zun)而(er)君之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)皇(huang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，大(da)貌(mao)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)混元之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)气(qi)(qi)(qi)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)广(guang)大(da)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。，闵也(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)仁慈(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)恩覆(fu)(fu)闵在(zai)(zai)下(xia)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。从上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)而(er)下(xia)视万(wan)(wan)(wan)物，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。据人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)远而(er)视之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)色(se)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)然(ran)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。又(you)李(li)巡注(zhu)此(ci)云(yun)：“春(chun)(chun)万(wan)(wan)(wan)物始生(sheng)(sheng)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)色(se)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)曰(yue)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。夏(xia)(xia)(xia)万(wan)(wan)(wan)物盛(sheng)壮，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)气(qi)(qi)(qi)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)大(da)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)曰(yue)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。秋(qiu)(qiu)万(wan)(wan)(wan)物成孰，皆有(you)文(wen)章，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)曰(yue)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。冬(dong)阴气(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)，万(wan)(wan)(wan)物伏藏(zang)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)曰(yue)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。”案(an)此(ci)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)四(si)时(shi)(shi)异(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)名(ming)。《诗(shi)(shi)》传(chuan)(chuan)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)各(ge)用所(suo)(suo)宜(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，似相乖异(yi)。而(er)郑(zheng)(zheng)玄(xuan)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)和(he)(he)合(he)二说(shuo)(shuo)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)异(yi)义同号(hao)。今《尚(shang)书》欧(ou)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)说(shuo)(shuo)春(chun)(chun)曰(yue)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，夏(xia)(xia)(xia)曰(yue)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，秋(qiu)(qiu)曰(yue)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，冬(dong)曰(yue)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。《尔(er)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)》亦云(yun)。古《尚(shang)书》与《毛诗(shi)(shi)》同。谨案(an)：《尚(shang)书·尧典》羲和(he)(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)总敕以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)四(si)时(shi)(shi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)知(zhi)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)不独春(chun)(chun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。《左传(chuan)(chuan)》夏(xia)(xia)(xia)四(si)月，孔丘(qiu)(qiu)卒，称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)曰(yue)“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)不吊(diao)”，非(fei)秋(qiu)(qiu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。玄(xuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)闻也(ye)(ye)(ye)，《尔(er)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，孔子门(men)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)所(suo)(suo)作，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)释六艺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)，盖(gai)不误也(ye)(ye)(ye)。春(chun)(chun)气(qi)(qi)(qi)博施(shi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)广(guang)大(da)言(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。夏(xia)(xia)(xia)气(qi)(qi)(qi)高明(ming)(ming)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)远大(da)言(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。秋(qiu)(qiu)气(qi)(qi)(qi)或生(sheng)(sheng)或杀，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)闵下(xia)言(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。冬(dong)气(qi)(qi)(qi)闭藏(zang)而(er)清(qing)察(cha)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)监下(xia)言(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。皇(huang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，至尊(zun)(zun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)号(hao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。六艺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中，诸(zhu)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)情所(suo)(suo)求(qiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耳，非(fei)必於其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)时(shi)(shi)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。“浩(hao)(hao)浩(hao)(hao)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)”，求(qiu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)博施(shi)。“苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)”，求(qiu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)高明(ming)(ming)。“昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)不吊(diao)”，求(qiu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)杀当(dang)(dang)得其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)宜(yi)。“上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)同云(yun)”，求(qiu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)，当(dang)(dang)顺(shun)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)时(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)求(qiu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，犹人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)说(shuo)(shuo)事，各(ge)从其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)主耳。若(ruo)察(cha)於是(shi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)“尧命羲和(he)(he)，钦若(ruo)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)”、“孔丘(qiu)(qiu)卒，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)不吊(diao)”，无(wu)可(ke)怪耳。是(shi)郑(zheng)(zheng)和(he)(he)合(he)二说(shuo)(shuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事也(ye)(ye)(ye)。《尔(er)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)》春(chun)(chun)为(wei)(wei)(wei)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，夏(xia)(xia)(xia)为(wei)(wei)(wei)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。欧(ou)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)说(shuo)(shuo)春(chun)(chun)为(wei)(wei)(wei)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，夏(xia)(xia)(xia)为(wei)(wei)(wei)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。郑(zheng)(zheng)即言(yan)(yan)(yan)《尔(er)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)》不误，当(dang)(dang)从《尔(er)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)》，而(er)又(you)从欧(ou)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)说(shuo)(shuo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)春(chun)(chun)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，郑(zheng)(zheng)读(du)《尔(er)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)》与孙、郭(guo)(guo)本异(yi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)许慎既载(zai)今《尚(shang)书》说(shuo)(shuo)，即言(yan)(yan)(yan)《尔(er)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)》，亦云(yun)明(ming)(ming)见《尔(er)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)》，与欧(ou)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)说(shuo)(shuo)同，虽苍(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)有(you)春(chun)(chun)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)殊(shu)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)未知(zhi)孰是(shi)。要二说(shuo)(shuo)理相符合(he)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)(zheng)和(he)(he)而(er)释之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。○“四(si)时(shi)(shi)”。○释曰(yue)：此(ci)题(ti)(ti)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)事也(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)所(suo)(suo)陈，是(shi)四(si)时(shi)(shi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。题(ti)(ti)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)下(xia)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，若(ruo)周公践阼及(ji)《诗(shi)(shi)》篇章，句皆篇末题(ti)(ti)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)此(ci)亦尔(er)。《白(bai)虎(hu)通》云(yun)：“岁(sui)时(shi)(shi)何？谓(wei)春(chun)(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)冬(dong)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。时(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)期(qi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)，阴阳(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)消息之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)期(qi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”《乡饮酒义》云(yun)：“春(chun)(chun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)言(yan)(yan)(yan)蠢也(ye)(ye)(ye)，产万(wan)(wan)(wan)物者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)圣也(ye)(ye)(ye)。夏(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)言(yan)(yan)(yan)假也(ye)(ye)(ye)，养(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)长之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)假之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)仁也(ye)(ye)(ye)。秋(qiu)(qiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)言(yan)(yan)(yan){秋(qiu)(qiu)手}也(ye)(ye)(ye)，{秋(qiu)(qiu)手}之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，时(shi)(shi)察(cha)守义者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。冬(dong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)言(yan)(yan)(yan)中也(ye)(ye)(ye)，中者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)藏(zang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”
春为(wei)青阳(yang)，（气(qi)清(qing)而温阳(yang)。）夏为(wei)朱明(ming)，（气(qi)赤而光(guang)明(ming)。）秋为(wei)白(bai)藏，（气(qi)白(bai)而收藏。）冬(dong)为(wei)玄英。（气(qi)黑(hei)而清(qing)英。）四(si)(si)气(qi)和谓之(zhi)玉烛。（道(dao)光(guang)照。）春为(wei)发生，夏为(wei)长嬴，秋为(wei)收成，冬(dong)为(wei)安宁(ning)。（此亦(yi)四(si)(si)时(shi)之(zhi)别号。《尸子》皆以为(wei)大平祥风。）四(si)(si)时(shi)和为(wei)通正，（通平畅也。）谓之(zhi)景风。（所以致景风。）甘(gan)雨时(shi)降(jiang)，万(wan)物以嘉(jia)，（莫不善之(zhi)。）谓之(zhi)醴泉。（所以出醴泉。）祥。
【疏】“春为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)”至“醴(li)(li)(li)泉(quan)”。○释(shi)曰(yue)：此释(shi)太平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)(shi)，四(si)(si)(si)气(qi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)畅以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)致嘉(jia)(jia)祥之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“春为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)青(qing)(qing)阳”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)春之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)气(qi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)，则青(qing)(qing)而(er)(er)温(wen)阳也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“夏为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)朱明(ming)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)夏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)气(qi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)，则赤而(er)(er)光(guang)明(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“秋(qiu)(qiu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)白(bai)藏(zang)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)秋(qiu)(qiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)气(qi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)，则色白(bai)而(er)(er)收藏(zang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“冬(dong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)玄(xuan)英”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)冬(dong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)气(qi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)，则黑而(er)(er)清英也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“四(si)(si)(si)气(qi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)玉(yu)烛(zhu)”，注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)“道光(guang)照”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，道，言(yan)(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)四(si)(si)(si)时(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)气(qi)，温(wen)润明(ming)照，故曰(yue)玉(yu)烛(zhu)。李巡(xun)云(yun)：“人君德(de)(de)美如玉(yu)而(er)(er)明(ming)若(ruo)(ruo)烛(zhu)。”《聘义》云(yun)：“君子比德(de)(de)於(wu)玉(yu)焉。”是知人君若(ruo)(ruo)德(de)(de)辉(hui)动於(wu)内，则和(he)(he)(he)(he)气(qi)应於(wu)外，统而(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)玉(yu)烛(zhu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“春为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)发生(sheng)(sheng)、夏为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)长嬴、秋(qiu)(qiu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)收成、冬(dong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)安(an)宁(ning)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此亦(yi)(yi)四(si)(si)(si)时(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)别(bie)号也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“四(si)(si)(si)时(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)通(tong)(tong)正(zheng)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)上(shang)(shang)四(si)(si)(si)时(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功和(he)(he)(he)(he)，是为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)通(tong)(tong)畅平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)正(zheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)景(jing)风(feng)(feng)(feng)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)致景(jing)风(feng)(feng)(feng)，景(jing)风(feng)(feng)(feng)即和(he)(he)(he)(he)风(feng)(feng)(feng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“甘(gan)雨(yu)时(shi)(shi)(shi)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、万物以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)嘉(jia)(jia)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，嘉(jia)(jia)，善也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；甘(gan)雨(yu)即时(shi)(shi)(shi)雨(yu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。不(bu)(bu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)万物所(suo)(suo)苦，故曰(yue)甘(gan)。若(ruo)(ruo)《月令(ling)》苦雨(yu)数来，则非甘(gan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。甘(gan)雨(yu)既以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)时(shi)(shi)(shi)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，则万物莫不(bu)(bu)嘉(jia)(jia)善之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)醴(li)(li)(li)泉(quan)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)四(si)(si)(si)时(shi)(shi)(shi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)畅，亦(yi)(yi)所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)使地出(chu)醴(li)(li)(li)泉(quan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。醴(li)(li)(li)泉(quan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，水泉(quan)味甘(gan)如醴(li)(li)(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“祥”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，亦(yi)(yi)题上(shang)(shang)事(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。祥，吉也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，善也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)此上(shang)(shang)皆(jie)(jie)太平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)吉祥也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○注(zhu)(zhu)“此亦(yi)(yi)”至“祥风(feng)(feng)(feng)”。○释(shi)曰(yue)：云(yun)“此亦(yi)(yi)四(si)(si)(si)时(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)别(bie)号”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)与上(shang)(shang)青(qing)(qing)阳等(deng)同(tong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)四(si)(si)(si)时(shi)(shi)(shi)别(bie)号，故云(yun)亦(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。上(shang)(shang)据气(qi)而(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)(yan)，此据功为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)说。云(yun)“《尸(shi)(shi)子》皆(jie)(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)太平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)祥风(feng)(feng)(feng)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)《尸(shi)(shi)子·仁意》篇述太平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)云(yun)：“烛(zhu)於(wu)玉(yu)烛(zhu)，饮於(wu)醴(li)(li)(li)泉(quan)，畅於(wu)永风(feng)(feng)(feng)，春为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)青(qing)(qing)阳，夏为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)朱明(ming)，秋(qiu)(qiu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)白(bai)藏(zang)，冬(dong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)玄(xuan)英，四(si)(si)(si)气(qi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)正(zheng)光(guang)：此之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谓(wei)玉(yu)烛(zhu)。”甘(gan)雨(yu)时(shi)(shi)(shi)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，万物以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)嘉(jia)(jia)，高者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)少，下者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)多：此之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谓(wei)醴(li)(li)(li)泉(quan)。其风(feng)(feng)(feng)春为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)发生(sheng)(sheng)，夏为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)长嬴，秋(qiu)(qiu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)方(fang)盛，冬(dong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)安(an)静，四(si)(si)(si)气(qi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)通(tong)(tong)正(zheng)：此之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谓(wei)永风(feng)(feng)(feng)是也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”○注(zhu)(zhu)“所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)出(chu)醴(li)(li)(li)泉(quan)”。○释(shi)曰(yue)：案(an)(an)《援神(shen)契》云(yun)：“德(de)(de)及於(wu)天，斗(dou)极明(ming)，日月光(guang)，甘(gan)露(lu)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)；德(de)(de)至深泉(quan)，则黄(huang)龙见(jian)，醴(li)(li)(li)泉(quan)涌。”是言(yan)(yan)(yan)王者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)德(de)(de)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)召(zhao)和(he)(he)(he)(he)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)，则致景(jing)风(feng)(feng)(feng)醴(li)(li)(li)泉(quan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。案(an)(an)此经所(suo)(suo)释(shi)，即谓(wei)发生(sheng)(sheng)等(deng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)景(jing)风(feng)(feng)(feng)，时(shi)(shi)(shi)雨(yu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)醴(li)(li)(li)泉(quan)。而(er)(er)郭云(yun)所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)致景(jing)风(feng)(feng)(feng)、醴(li)(li)(li)泉(quan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)弘通(tong)(tong)其义也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
不熟(shu)为(wei)饥，（五不成。）蔬不熟(shu)为(wei)馑(jin)，（凡草(cao)菜可食(shi)者(zhe)，通名为(wei)蔬。）果(guo)不熟(shu)为(wei)荒，（果(guo)，木(mu)子。）仍(reng)饥为(wei)荐(jian)。（连(lian)岁不熟(shu)，《左传》曰：“今又荐(jian)饥。”○荐(jian)，贱。）灾。
【疏】“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)”至(zhi)“为(wei)(wei)荐(jian)”。○释曰(yue)：此释岁凶灾(zai)(zai)荒(huang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。谓(wei)(wei)五(wu)(wu)(wu)，黍、稷、麻、麦、豆也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。熟(shu)(shu)，成也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。五(wu)(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)成曰(yue)饥。郭云：“凡草菜可食(shi)者，通名蔬。”李巡曰(yue)：“可食(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)菜皆不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)熟(shu)(shu)为(wei)(wei)馑(jin)。”《周礼(li)·天(tian)官·大(da)宰职(zhi)》云：“以九职(zhi)任万民，八曰(yue)臣妾聚敛疏材(cai)。”郑玄(xuan)云：“疏材(cai)，百草根实可食(shi)者。”《小雅》云：“降(jiang)丧饥馑(jin)。”襄十四年(nian)《梁传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》曰(yue)：“一不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)升(sheng)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兼，二不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)升(sheng)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)饥，三不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)升(sheng)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)馑(jin)，四不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)升(sheng)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)康(kang)，五(wu)(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)升(sheng)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)饥，又(you)(you)(you)(you)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)侵。”彼以五(wu)(wu)(wu)熟(shu)(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多(duo)少立差等(deng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名，其(qi)实五(wu)(wu)(wu)者皆是饥也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。三不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)升(sheng)，於民乏困，盖(gai)与(yu)(yu)蔬不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)熟(shu)(shu)同，故俱名为(wei)(wei)馑(jin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。果，木子也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)成熟(shu)(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)岁名荒(huang)。仍(reng)，因也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。相因而饥，谓(wei)(wei)连(lian)岁不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)熟(shu)(shu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。僖十三年(nian)晋荐(jian)饥是也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云“灾(zai)(zai)”者，亦题上(shang)事(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。下(xia)皆仿此。○注“《左(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》曰(yue)：今又(you)(you)(you)(you)荐(jian)饥”。○释曰(yue)：此《晋语》文也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。左(zuo)丘明(ming)既(ji)作传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)以解《春秋(qiu)》，又(you)(you)(you)(you)采简牍以作《国语》，其(qi)文不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)主於经，故谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“外传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)”，俱是丘明(ming)所(suo)作，亦得云《左(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》曰(yue)。案(an)彼云：“晋饥，乞籴於秦。丕豹曰(yue)：晋君无礼(li)於君，莫不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知。往(wang)年(nian)有难，今又(you)(you)(you)(you)荐(jian)饥。己失(shi)人，又(you)(you)(you)(you)失(shi)天(tian)，其(qi)殃也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)多(duo)矣。君其(qi)伐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，勿与(yu)(yu)籴。”是其(qi)事(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
大岁在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)甲(jia)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)阏逢，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)乙(yi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)旃蒙，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)丙(bing)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)柔兆(zhao)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)丁曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)强圉，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)戊曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)著雍，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)已曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)屠维，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)庚曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上章，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)辛曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)重光，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)壬曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)玄，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)癸曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)昭阳。（阏，乌(wu)割切。著，直略切。重，直龙切。音亦。）岁阳。○大岁在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)寅曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)摄提格，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)卯(mao)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)单阏，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)辰(chen)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)执徐(xu)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)巳曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)大荒落，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)午曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)敦(dun)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)未(wei)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)协洽，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)申曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)滩，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)酉曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)作噩，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)戌(xu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)阉(yan)茂，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)亥曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)大渊献，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)子曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)困敦(dun)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)丑曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)赤奋若(ruo)。（音臧(zang)。洽，夹。，汤昆切。噩，五各切。阉(yan)音俺。敦(dun)，顿。）
【疏】“太(tai)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)在甲(jia)(jia)”至(zhi)“赤奋若(ruo)”。○释曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：此(ci)别太(tai)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)在日(ri)在辰(chen)(chen)之(zhi)名也(ye)。甲(jia)(jia)至(zhi)癸(gui)(gui)为十日(ri)，日(ri)为阳(yang)。寅至(zhi)丑为十二辰(chen)(chen)，辰(chen)(chen)为阴(yin)。案《汉书·律历志(zhi)》云(yun)：“乃以前历上元泰(tai)初四千六百二十七(qi)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)，至(zhi)於元封七(qi)年，复得(de)阏(yan)逢摄提格之(zhi)义。中(zhong)冬。”孟康曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“言(yan)复得(de)者，上元泰(tai)初时(shi)亦是(shi)阏(yan)逢之(zhi)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)。岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)在甲(jia)(jia)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)阏(yan)逢，在寅曰(yue)(yue)(yue)摄提格，此(ci)谓(wei)甲(jia)(jia)寅之(zhi)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)也(ye)。”然则乙卯之(zhi)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)旃蒙(meng)单(dan)阏(yan)，丙(bing)辰(chen)(chen)之(zhi)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)柔兆执徐，丁巳之(zhi)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)强圉大荒(huang)落，戊(wu)午之(zhi)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)著雍(yong)敦，已未(wei)之(zhi)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)屠维协洽，庚申之(zhi)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)上章滩，辛酉之(zhi)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)重光作噩(e)，壬戌之(zhi)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)玄阉茂(mao)，癸(gui)(gui)亥之(zhi)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)昭阳(yang)大渊献(xian)，甲(jia)(jia)子之(zhi)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)阏(yan)逢困敦，乙丑之(zhi)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)旃蒙(meng)赤奋若(ruo)。以此(ci)推之(zhi)，周(zhou)而复始可知。
载，岁(sui)也。夏曰岁(sui)，（取岁(sui)星行一次(ci)。）商(shang)曰祀，（取四时(shi)一终。）周曰年，（取禾一熟。）唐虞曰载。（取物终更始(shi)。）岁(sui)名(ming)。
【疏】“载(zai)(zai)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)也(ye)(ye)”至“曰(yue)(yue)载(zai)(zai)”。○释曰(yue)(yue)：别(bie)年(nian)(nian)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)之(zhi)名(ming)也(ye)(ye)。载(zai)(zai)即岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)也(ye)(ye)。《白虎通》云(yun)：“王者(zhe)(zhe)受(shou)(shou)命(ming)而改正朔(shuo)者(zhe)(zhe)，明易姓示不(bu)(bu)相(xiang)袭(xi)也(ye)(ye)。明受(shou)(shou)之(zhi)於(wu)(wu)天(tian)(tian)。不(bu)(bu)受(shou)(shou)之(zhi)於(wu)(wu)人。所以(yi)(yi)变(bian)(bian)易民(min)心，革其耳(er)目，以(yi)(yi)则(ze)(ze)(ze)化(hua)也(ye)(ye)。”然则(ze)(ze)(ze)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)名(ming)变(bian)(bian)易，理亦同此。故夏曰(yue)(yue)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)，取(qu)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)星行(xing)一次。《夏书》曰(yue)(yue)：“每(mei)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)孟春(chun)(chun)，遒人以(yi)(yi)木铎(duo)徇于路。”是(shi)也(ye)(ye)。商(shang)曰(yue)(yue)祀(si)(si)，取(qu)四(si)(si)(si)时(shi)一终。则(ze)(ze)(ze)以(yi)(yi)祀(si)(si)者(zhe)(zhe)嗣(si)也(ye)(ye)，取(qu)其兴(xing)来继(ji)往之(zhi)义(yi)。孙(sun)炎曰(yue)(yue)：“取(qu)四(si)(si)(si)时(shi)祭祀(si)(si)一讫。”《商(shang)书》曰(yue)(yue)：“惟元祀(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)有(you)二(er)(er)月乙丑，伊尹嗣(si)于先王。”是(shi)也(ye)(ye)。周曰(yue)(yue)年(nian)(nian)者(zhe)(zhe)，取(qu)禾一熟(shu)也(ye)(ye)。案(an)《说文(wen)》云(yun)：“年(nian)(nian)，熟(shu)也(ye)(ye)。从禾千声。《春(chun)(chun)秋》曰(yue)(yue)：大有(you)年(nian)(nian)。”然则(ze)(ze)(ze)年(nian)(nian)者(zhe)(zhe)禾熟(shu)之(zhi)名(ming)。每(mei)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)一熟(shu)，故以(yi)(yi)为岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)名(ming)。《左(zuo)传》曰(yue)(yue)：“卜年(nian)(nian)七(qi)百。”是(shi)也(ye)(ye)。唐虞(yu)曰(yue)(yue)载(zai)(zai)，载(zai)(zai)，始(shi)也(ye)(ye)。取(qu)物终更始(shi)。《尧典(dian)》曰(yue)(yue)：“朕在位七(qi)十(shi)(shi)载(zai)(zai)。”《舜典(dian)》曰(yue)(yue)：“五载(zai)(zai)一巡(xun)守。”是(shi)也(ye)(ye)。○注(zhu)“取(qu)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)星行(xing)一次”。○释曰(yue)(yue)：案(an)《律(lv)历(li)志》分二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)八宿(su)(su)为十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)次，晋灼(zhuo)注(zhu)《天(tian)(tian)文(wen)志》云(yun)：“太岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)在四(si)(si)(si)仲(zhong)则(ze)(ze)(ze)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)行(xing)三(san)宿(su)(su)，太岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)在四(si)(si)(si)孟、四(si)(si)(si)季则(ze)(ze)(ze)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)行(xing)二(er)(er)宿(su)(su)。二(er)(er)八十(shi)(shi)六(liu)，三(san)四(si)(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)，而行(xing)二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)八宿(su)(su)，十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)而周天(tian)(tian)。”是(shi)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)星年(nian)(nian)行(xing)一次也(ye)(ye)。
月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)在(zai)(zai)甲曰(yue)毕，在(zai)(zai)乙(yi)曰(yue)橘(ju)，在(zai)(zai)丙曰(yue)修，在(zai)(zai)丁曰(yue)圉，在(zai)(zai)戊曰(yue)厉，在(zai)(zai)已曰(yue)则，在(zai)(zai)庚曰(yue)窒，在(zai)(zai)辛曰(yue)塞(sai)，在(zai)(zai)壬(ren)曰(yue)终，在(zai)(zai)癸(gui)曰(yue)极。（窒，知(zhi)乙(yi)切(qie)。塞(sai)，先北切(qie)。）月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)阳。○正(zheng)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)陬(zou)，（《离骚》云：“摄提贞於(wu)孟陬(zou)。”）二(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)如，三月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei){穴(xue)丙}，四月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)余(yu)，五月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)皋，六(liu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)且(qie)，七月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)相，八(ba)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)壮，九月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)玄，（《国语》云：“至於(wu)玄月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)。”是也。○{穴(xue)丙}，孚柄(bing)切(qie)。且(qie)，子余(yu)切(qie)。相，息亮切(qie)。）十(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)阳，（纯阳用事，嫌於(wu)无阳，故以名云。）十(shi)(shi)一月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)辜，十(shi)(shi)二(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)涂。（皆(jie)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)之(zhi)别名，自岁阳至此，其事义(yi)皆(jie)所未详通(tong)者，故阙(que)而不论。○涂音徒。）月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)名。
【疏】“月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)在甲”至“月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)名(ming)”。○释曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：此辨以(yi)日配月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)也。设(she)若正月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)得(de)甲则(ze)(ze)(ze)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)毕(bi)陬(zou)(zou)，二(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)得(de)乙则(ze)(ze)(ze)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)橘如，三(san)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)得(de)丙(bing)则(ze)(ze)(ze)曰(yue)(yue)(yue){穴丙(bing)}，四月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)得(de)丁则(ze)(ze)(ze)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)圉余，五(wu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)得(de)戊则(ze)(ze)(ze)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)厉皋，六月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)得(de)已(yi)(yi)(yi)则(ze)(ze)(ze)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)毕(bi)且，七月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)得(de)庚(geng)则(ze)(ze)(ze)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)窒(zhi)相，八月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)得(de)辛则(ze)(ze)(ze)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)塞壮，九月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)得(de)壬(ren)则(ze)(ze)(ze)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)终玄(xuan)，十(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)得(de)癸则(ze)(ze)(ze)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)极阳(yang)(yang)(yang)，十(shi)(shi)(shi)一月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)得(de)甲则(ze)(ze)(ze)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)毕(bi)辜，十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)得(de)乙则(ze)(ze)(ze)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)橘涂，周而(er)(er)复始，亦(yi)可知也。若《史(shi)记·历书》云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)名(ming)毕(bi)聚也。”○注(zhu)(zhu)“离(li)骚”至“孟陬(zou)(zou)。○释曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：《离(li)骚》者(zhe)，屈原(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所作也。屈原(yuan)与楚同姓(xing)，仕怀王，为三(san)闾大夫。为大夫靳尚所谮毁见(jian)疏，乃作《离(li)骚》经(jing)。离(li)，别也。骚，愁也。言(yan)(yan)已(yi)(yi)(yi)放(fang)逐离(li)别，心中(zhong)愁思，犹(you)陈正道以(yi)讽谏君也。其(qi)经(jing)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“帝高阳(yang)(yang)(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)苗裔兮，朕皇考曰(yue)(yue)(yue)伯庸。摄提贞於孟陬(zou)(zou)兮，惟庚(geng)寅吾(wu)以(yi)降。”彼(bi)注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“言(yan)(yan)已(yi)(yi)(yi)生(sheng)得(de)阴(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)正中(zhong)。”是(shi)引(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)证(zheng)正月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)为陬(zou)(zou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义。○注(zhu)(zhu)“《国语(yu)》”至“是(shi)也”。○释曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：此《越语(yu)》文(wen)也。案彼(bi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“越王将伐(fa)吴，范(fan)蠡谏曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘王姑待之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。’至於玄(xuan)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，王召(zhao)范(fan)蠡而(er)(er)问焉。”彼(bi)注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“鲁哀公十(shi)(shi)(shi)六年九月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)也，至十(shi)(shi)(shi)七年三(san)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，越伐(fa)吴。”是(shi)也。引(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)证(zheng)九月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)为玄(xuan)也。○注(zhu)(zhu)“纯阴(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)”至“名(ming)云(yun)(yun)(yun)”。○释曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“纯阴(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)用事，嫌(xian)於无阳(yang)(yang)(yang)，故(gu)(gu)以(yi)名(ming)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“者(zhe)，以(yi)《易》言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，五(wu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)一阴(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)生(sheng)，十(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)纯坤(kun)用事，故(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“纯阴(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)用事”也。云(yun)(yun)(yun)嫌(xian)者(zhe)，君子爱阳(yang)(yang)(yang)而(er)(er)恶阴(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)，故(gu)(gu)以(yi)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)名(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。无阳(yang)(yang)(yang)而(er)(er)得(de)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)名(ming)者(zhe)，以(yi)分阴(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)分阳(yang)(yang)(yang)，迭用柔刚，十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)消息，见(jian)其(qi)用事耳。其(qi)实阴(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)常有(you)，《诗纬(wei)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“阳(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)酉仲，阴(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)生(sheng)戌仲。”是(shi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)兼有(you)阴(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)也。四月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)秀(xiu)，靡(mi)草死，岂(qi)无阴(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)乎？明阴(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)常兼有(you)也。《诗·小雅(ya)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“日月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)止。”是(shi)也。○注(zhu)(zhu)“皆月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)”至“不论”。○释曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：言(yan)(yan)正月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)为陬(zou)(zou)已(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)皆月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)别名(ming)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“自(zi)岁阳(yang)(yang)(yang)至此”者(zhe)，谓(wei)自(zi)阏(yan)逢以(yi)下(xia)也。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“其(qi)事义皆所未(wei)详通者(zhe)”，案李(li)巡、孙炎虽各有(you)其(qi)说，皆构虚不经(jing)，疑事无质，故(gu)(gu)阙而(er)(er)不论。
南风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)凯风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)，（《诗(shi)(shi)》曰：“凯风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)自南。”）东(dong)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谷风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)，（《诗(shi)(shi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“习(xi)习(xi)谷风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)。”）北(bei)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)凉风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)，（《诗(shi)(shi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“北(bei)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)其(qi)凉。”）西风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)泰(tai)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)。（《诗(shi)(shi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“泰(tai)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)有(you)隧(sui)。”）焚轮谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，（暴(bao)(bao)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)从(cong)上下。○，徒(tu)回(hui)切(qie)(qie)。）扶(fu)摇谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。（暴(bao)(bao)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)从(cong)下上。○，必遥(yao)切(qie)(qie)。）风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)与火(huo)为(wei)(wei)<广屯>，（<广屯>々，炽(chi)盛(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貌。○<广屯>，徒(tu)衮切(qie)(qie)。）回(hui)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)为(wei)(wei)飘。（旋(xuan)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。○飘音瓢。）○日出(chu)而(er)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)为(wei)(wei)暴(bao)(bao)，（《诗(shi)(shi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“终(zhong)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)且暴(bao)(bao)。”）风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)而(er)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)土(tu)为(wei)(wei)霾，（《诗(shi)(shi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“终(zhong)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)且霾。”○雨(yu)(yu)(yu)音预。）阴而(er)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)为(wei)(wei)а。（《诗(shi)(shi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“终(zhong)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)且а。”○а，於(wu)计切(qie)(qie)。）天(tian)气下地(di)不应(ying)曰{矛}，（言(yan)蒙昧。○应(ying)音Ζ。）地(di)气发天(tian)不应(ying)曰雾，雾谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)晦。（言(yan)晦冥。）くぐ谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)雩(yu)。くぐ，虹(hong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。（俗名为(wei)(wei)美人(ren)虹(hong)，江东(dong)呼(hu)雩(yu)。○く音帝。ぐ，丁孔切(qie)(qie)。雩(yu)，于句切(qie)(qie)。）为(wei)(wei)挈(qie)贰。（，雌(ci)虹(hong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)，见(jian)《离骚》。挈(qie)贰，其(qi)别(bie)名，见(jian)《尸子》。○挈(qie)，若结。）日为(wei)(wei)蔽云(yun)(yun)(yun)，（即(ji)晕气五彩覆日也(ye)(ye)(ye)。○，掩(yan)。）疾雷为(wei)(wei)霆霓，（雷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)急击(ji)者(zhe)谓(wei)(wei)霹雳。○霆，廷。霓，宜。）雨(yu)(yu)(yu){见(jian)}为(wei)(wei)霄雪。（《诗(shi)(shi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“如彼雨(yu)(yu)(yu)雪，先集维{见(jian)}。”{见(jian)}，水雪杂下者(zhe)，谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)消(xiao)雪。○{见(jian)}，醉见(jian)切(qie)(qie)。）暴(bao)(bao)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氵东(dong)，（今江东(dong)人(ren)呼(hu)夏月暴(bao)(bao)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)为(wei)(wei)氵东(dong)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)。《离骚》云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“令飘风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)兮先驱，使氵东(dong)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)兮洒尘。”是也(ye)(ye)(ye)。○氵东(dong)音东(dong)西之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)东(dong)。）小雨(yu)(yu)(yu)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，（《诗(shi)(shi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“益之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以。”○，墨。，木。）久(jiu)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)淫。（《左(zuo)传(chuan)》曰：“天(tian)作(zuo)淫雨(yu)(yu)(yu)。”）淫谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)霖(lin)。（雨(yu)(yu)(yu)自三日巳上为(wei)(wei)霖(lin)。）济谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)霁(ji)(ji)。（今南阳人(ren)呼(hu)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)止为(wei)(wei)霁(ji)(ji)。○济音荠。霁(ji)(ji)，徂计切(qie)(qie)。）风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)。
【疏】“南(nan)(nan)(nan)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)”至“风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)”。○释曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：此(ci)(ci)释风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《易》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)以(yi)动之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)以(yi)润之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”又(you)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“润之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)。”《洪(hong)范》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“月之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)从(cong)(cong)(cong)星则(ze)以(yi)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)。”然(ran)则(ze)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)相将(jiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物，故(gu)比类聚(ju)而(er)释之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“南(nan)(nan)(nan)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)凯(kai)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)”者(zhe)(zhe)，李(li)(li)(li)巡(xun)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“南(nan)(nan)(nan)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)长养万(wan)(wan)物，万(wan)(wan)物喜(xi)乐，故(gu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)凯(kai)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)。凯(kai)，乐也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”郭(guo)氏(shi)无(wu)说(shuo)，义或(huo)当(dang)然(ran)。《诗(shi)(shi)(shi)·邶(bei)(bei)(bei)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“凯(kai)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)自(zi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)。”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“东风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谷(gu)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)”者(zhe)(zhe)，孙(sun)炎(yan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“谷(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)，，生也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。谷(gu)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)者(zhe)(zhe)，生长之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”《诗(shi)(shi)(shi)·邶(bei)(bei)(bei)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“习习谷(gu)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)。”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“北风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)凉风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)”者(zhe)(zhe)，北风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)一(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)凉风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)，言(yan)(yan)北方寒凉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《月令(ling)(ling)(ling)》：“孟秋(qiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)月凉风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)至。”《诗(shi)(shi)(shi)·邶(bei)(bei)(bei)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“北风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)其凉。”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“西风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)泰(tai)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)”者(zhe)(zhe)，孙(sun)炎(yan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“西风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)成物，物丰泰(tai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”《诗(shi)(shi)(shi)·大(da)雅(ya)·桑柔(rou)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“泰(tai)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)有(you)隧。”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“焚轮谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)颓(tui)(tui)”者(zhe)(zhe)，李(li)(li)(li)巡(xun)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“焚轮，暴(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)从(cong)(cong)(cong)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)来降谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)颓(tui)(tui)。颓(tui)(tui)，下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”孙(sun)炎(yan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“回(hui)(hui)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)，从(cong)(cong)(cong)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)颓(tui)(tui)。”郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“暴(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)从(cong)(cong)(cong)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)。”与李(li)(li)(li)同(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《诗(shi)(shi)(shi)·小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“习习谷(gu)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)，维(wei)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)及(ji)(ji)颓(tui)(tui)。”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“扶(fu)摇谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)，李(li)(li)(li)巡(xun)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“扶(fu)摇，暴(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)从(cong)(cong)(cong)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)升(sheng)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)，故(gu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)。，上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”孙(sun)炎(yan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“回(hui)(hui)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)从(cong)(cong)(cong)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)。”郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“暴(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)从(cong)(cong)(cong)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)。”亦(yi)用李(li)(li)(li)说(shuo)。《庄(zhuang)(zhuang)子》说(shuo)鹏云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“抟(tuan)扶(fu)摇而(er)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)者(zhe)(zhe)九万(wan)(wan)里。”《月令(ling)(ling)(ling)》：“孟春(chun)行秋(qiu)令(ling)(ling)(ling)，则(ze)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)暴(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)总至。”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)与火为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)<广屯(tun)>”者(zhe)(zhe)，郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“<广屯(tun)>々，炽盛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貌(mao)。”言(yan)(yan)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)自(zi)火出(chu)，火因(yin)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)炽，而(er)有(you)大(da)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)者(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)<广屯(tun)>。○“回(hui)(hui)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)飘(piao)(piao)”者(zhe)(zhe)，郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“旋风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”李(li)(li)(li)巡(xun)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“一(yi)(yi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)飘(piao)(piao)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)，别二名(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”《诗(shi)(shi)(shi)·蓼莪》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“飘(piao)(piao)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)发(fa)发(fa)。”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“日(ri)出(chu)而(er)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)暴(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)”者(zhe)(zhe)，孙(sun)炎(yan)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“阴(yin)(yin)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)不(bu)兴而(er)大(da)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)暴(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)起(qi)。”然(ran)则(ze)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)暴(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)疾，故(gu)《诗(shi)(shi)(shi)·邶(bei)(bei)(bei)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“终风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)且暴(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。”毛传(chuan)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“暴(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，疾也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”○“风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)而(er)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)土为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)霾”者(zhe)(zhe)，孙(sun)炎(yan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“大(da)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)扬尘(chen)，土从(cong)(cong)(cong)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”《诗(shi)(shi)(shi)·邶(bei)(bei)(bei)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“终风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)且霾。”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“阴(yin)(yin)而(er)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)а”者(zhe)(zhe)，孙(sun)炎(yan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)а日(ri)光(guang)。”《诗(shi)(shi)(shi)·邶(bei)(bei)(bei)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“终风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)且а。”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“天(tian)气(qi)(qi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)地(di)不(bu)应(ying)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue){矛(mao)}”者(zhe)(zhe)，郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“言(yan)(yan)蒙(meng)(meng)昧。”《洪(hong)范》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue){矛(mao)}。”郑注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“{矛(mao)}声近蒙(meng)(meng)。”《诗(shi)(shi)(shi)》：“零雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)其蒙(meng)(meng)。”则(ze){矛(mao)}是(shi)(shi)天(tian)气(qi)(qi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)降，地(di)气(qi)(qi)不(bu)应(ying)而(er)蒙(meng)(meng)ウ也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“地(di)气(qi)(qi)发(fa)天(tian)不(bu)应(ying)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)雾(wu)(wu)，雾(wu)(wu)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)晦”者(zhe)(zhe)，郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“言(yan)(yan)晦冥(ming)。”《月令(ling)(ling)(ling)》：“仲冬行夏令(ling)(ling)(ling)，氛(fen)雾(wu)(wu)冥(ming)冥(ming)。”郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“霜露之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)气(qi)(qi)散相乱也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”然(ran)则(ze)地(di)气(qi)(qi)发(fa)而(er)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)天(tian)不(bu)应(ying)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，则(ze)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)氛(fen)雾(wu)(wu)。雾(wu)(wu)又(you)名(ming)(ming)(ming)晦。《春(chun)秋(qiu)》僖十(shi)五年：“已卯，晦震(zhen)夷伯(bo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庙。”《公羊》、《梁》皆云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“晦，冥(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”是(shi)(shi)矣(yi)。○“くぐ谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)雩(yu)。くぐ，虹(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)，郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“俗(su)名(ming)(ming)(ming)美人(ren)虹(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)，江东呼(hu)雩(yu)。”然(ran)则(ze)くぐ一(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)雩(yu)，一(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)虹(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)。《诗(shi)(shi)(shi)·风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“ぐ在东。”《月令(ling)(ling)(ling)》：“季春(chun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)月虹(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)始见。”《音(yin)(yin)义》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“虹(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)双出(chu)，色鲜盛者(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)雄(xiong)，雄(xiong)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)虹(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)。ウ者(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)雌(ci)(ci)，雌(ci)(ci)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)。”虹(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)是(shi)(shi)阴(yin)(yin)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)交会之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)气(qi)(qi)，纯(chun)阴(yin)(yin)纯(chun)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)则(ze)虹(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)不(bu)见。若云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)薄(bo)漏日(ri)，日(ri)照雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)滴(di)，则(ze)虹(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)生。く与音(yin)(yin)义同(tong)。○“为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)挈贰(er)(er)”者(zhe)(zhe)，，雌(ci)(ci)虹(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，一(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)挈贰(er)(er)。《说(shuo)文(wen)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“霓，屈虹(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)，青赤(chi)或(huo)白色，阴(yin)(yin)气(qi)(qi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“见《离骚》”者(zhe)(zhe)，即(ji)《天(tian)问》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)婴，胡为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)此(ci)(ci)堂？”及(ji)(ji)《远游》章云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“雌(ci)(ci)便(bian)以(yi)曾桡兮(xi)。”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。挈贰(er)(er)，其别名(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。文(wen)见《尸子》。○“日(ri)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蔽云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)”者(zhe)(zhe)，郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“即(ji)晕(yun)气(qi)(qi)五彩覆日(ri)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”然(ran)则(ze)晕(yun)气(qi)(qi)日(ri)名(ming)(ming)(ming)蔽云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)。《周礼(li)·春(chun)官》：“氐掌(zhang)十(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法。”郑司农云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)日(ri)光(guang)К。”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“疾雷(lei)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)霆霓”者(zhe)(zhe)，郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“雷(lei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)急击(ji)者(zhe)(zhe)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)霹(pi)雳(li)。”案(an)《说(shuo)文(wen)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“霆，雷(lei)馀声也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，铃(ling)铃(ling)所以(yi)捷出(chu)万(wan)(wan)物也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”又(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“震(zhen)，劈历(li)振物者(zhe)(zhe)。”然(ran)则(ze)疾雷(lei)一(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)霆霓，又(you)名(ming)(ming)(ming)震(zhen)。《春(chun)秋(qiu)》：“震(zhen)夷伯(bo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庙谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)劈历(li)破之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。霹(pi)雳(li)，俗(su)字也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)霓为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)霄(xiao)雪”者(zhe)(zhe)，霓，水(shui)雪杂(za)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，因(yin)名(ming)(ming)(ming)霄(xiao)雪，霄(xiao)即(ji)消也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《诗(shi)(shi)(shi)·小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)·弁》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“如彼(bi)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)雪，先集维(wei)霰(xian)(xian)。”郑笺云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“将(jiang)大(da)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)雪，始必(bi)徵，温雪自(zi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，遇(yu)温气(qi)(qi)而(er)搏(bo)，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)霰(xian)(xian)。”案(an)《大(da)戴礼(li)》：曾子云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“阳(yang)(yang)(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)专气(qi)(qi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)霰(xian)(xian)，阴(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)专气(qi)(qi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)雹(bao)。盛阳(yang)(yang)(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)气(qi)(qi)在雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)则(ze)温暖，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)阴(yin)(yin)气(qi)(qi)薄(bo)而(er)胁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)相入(ru)(ru)，则(ze)搏(bo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)雹(bao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。盛阴(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)气(qi)(qi)在雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)则(ze)凝滞而(er)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)雪，阳(yang)(yang)(yang)气(qi)(qi)薄(bo)而(er)胁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)相入(ru)(ru)，则(ze)消散而(er)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，因(yin)水(shui)而(er)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)霰(xian)(xian)。”是(shi)(shi)霰(xian)(xian)由阳(yang)(yang)(yang)气(qi)(qi)所薄(bo)而(er)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。故(gu)郑言(yan)(yan)遇(yu)温气(qi)(qi)而(er)搏(bo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。{见}与霰(xian)(xian)音(yin)(yin)义同(tong)。○“暴(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氵(shui)(shui)东”者(zhe)(zhe)，暴(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)骤(zhou)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，一(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)氵(shui)(shui)东。郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“今江东人(ren)呼(hu)夏月暴(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)氵(shui)(shui)东雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)。《离骚》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：‘令(ling)(ling)(ling)飘(piao)(piao)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)兮(xi)先驱，使氵(shui)(shui)东雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)兮(xi)洒尘(chen)。’是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)《离骚·九歌·大(da)司命》文(wen)。案(an)彼(bi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“广开兮(xi)天(tian)门，纷吾乘(cheng)兮(xi)玄云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)。令(ling)(ling)(ling)飘(piao)(piao)风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)兮(xi)先驱，使氵(shui)(shui)东雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)兮(xi)洒尘(chen)。”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)一(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)。《小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)·信南(nan)(nan)(nan)山》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“益之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)。”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。李(li)(li)(li)巡(xun)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“冰雪俱下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)。”案(an)此(ci)(ci)文(wen)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)有(you)暴(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)久雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，於(wu)中间无(wu)雪事，而(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)冰雪俱下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，妄(wang)矣(yi)。○“久雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)淫(yin)”者(zhe)(zhe)，淫(yin)，过也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。久雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)过多(duo)，害於(wu)五稼，故(gu)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)淫(yin)。《月令(ling)(ling)(ling)》：“季春(chun)行秋(qiu)令(ling)(ling)(ling)，则(ze)天(tian)多(duo)沈阴(yin)(yin)，淫(yin)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)早降。”谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)久雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“《左(zuo)(zuo)传(chuan)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：天(tian)作淫(yin)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)”者(zhe)(zhe)，庄(zhuang)(zhuang)十(shi)一(yi)(yi)年传(chuan)文(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“淫(yin)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)霖(lin)”者(zhe)(zhe)，淫(yin)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)又(you)名(ming)(ming)(ming)霖(lin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)自(zi)三日(ri)已上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)霖(lin)”者(zhe)(zhe)，隐九年《左(zuo)(zuo)传(chuan)》文(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“济(ji)(ji)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)霁”者(zhe)(zhe)，济(ji)(ji)，止也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)止名(ming)(ming)(ming)霁。郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“今南(nan)(nan)(nan)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)人(ren)呼(hu)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)止为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)霁。”《书(shu)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)霁。”云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“风(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)”者(zhe)(zhe)，题上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)事也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
寿星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，角、亢(kang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。（数起角、亢(kang)，列(lie)宿之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)长，故(gu)曰寿。○亢(kang)音刚。）天(tian)根，氐也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。（角亢(kang)下(xia)系於氐，若木之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有根。○氐音低。）天(tian)驷，房(fang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。（龙(long)为(wei)天(tian)马，故(gu)房(fang)四(si)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)天(tian)驷。）大(da)辰，房(fang)、心(xin)、尾(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，（龙(long)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)明者，以(yi)(yi)为(wei)时(shi)候，故(gu)曰大(da)辰。）大(da)火(huo)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)辰。（大(da)火(huo)，星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，在中最明，故(gu)时(shi)候主焉。）析(xi)木谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)津(jin)(jin)，（即(ji)汉津(jin)(jin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○析(xi)，昔。）箕(ji)、斗(dou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间(jian)，汉津(jin)(jin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。（箕(ji)，龙(long)尾(wei)。斗(dou)，南(nan)斗(dou)，天(tian)汉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)津(jin)(jin)梁。）星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)纪，斗(dou)、牵(qian)牛也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。（牵(qian)牛、斗(dou)者，日月五星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所终始，故(gu)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)纪。）玄枵，虚(xu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。（虚(xu)在正(zheng)北，北方(fang)(fang)色黑(hei)。枵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言耗，耗亦(yi)虚(xu)意(yi)。○枵，许娇切(qie)。）颛顼(xu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)虚(xu)，虚(xu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。（颛顼(xu)水德，位在北方(fang)(fang)。○颛，专。顼(xu)，旭。）北陆(lu)，虚(xu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。（虚(xu)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名凡四(si)。○虚(xu)，墟。）营(ying)(ying)室(shi)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)。（定(ding)，正(zheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。作宫室(shi)皆(jie)以(yi)(yi)营(ying)(ying)室(shi)中为(wei)正(zheng)。○定(ding)，多(duo)佞切(qie)。）И觜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)口，营(ying)(ying)室(shi)、东壁也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。（营(ying)(ying)室(shi)、东壁，星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)四(si)方(fang)(fang)似口，因名云。○И，子余切(qie)。觜，咨。）降(jiang)娄(lou)，奎、娄(lou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。（奎为(wei)沟渎，故(gu)名降(jiang)。○降(jiang)，户(hu)江切(qie)。）大(da)梁，昴(mao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。西(xi)陆(lu)，昴(mao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。（昴(mao)，西(xi)方(fang)(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宿，别名旄头。）浊(zhuo)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)毕，（掩(yan)兔之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)毕，或呼(hu)为(wei)浊(zhuo)，因星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)形(xing)以(yi)(yi)名。）朱(zhu)(zhu)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)柳。（朱(zhu)(zhu)，朱(zhu)(zhu)鸟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)口。○朱(zhu)(zhu)，猪究(jiu)切(qie)。）柳，鹑(chun)(chun)火(huo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。（鹑(chun)(chun)，鸟名。火(huo)属南(nan)方(fang)(fang)。）北极谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)北辰，（北极，天(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中，以(yi)(yi)正(zheng)四(si)时(shi)。）何鼓谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)牵(qian)牛，（今荆(jing)楚(chu)人呼(hu)牵(qian)牛星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)为(wei)檐(yan)鼓。檐(yan)者何也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○何，胡(hu)可切(qie)。）明星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)启(qi)明。（太(tai)白星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。晨见东方(fang)(fang)为(wei)启(qi)明，昏见西(xi)方(fang)(fang)为(wei)太(tai)白。○启(qi)，启(qi)。）彗星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)为(wei)枪(qiang)，（亦(yi)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)孛(bei)，言其形(xing)孛(bei)孛(bei)似埽彗。○，初衔。枪(qiang)，初庚。）奔星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)为(wei)彳(chi)勺(shao)约。（流(liu)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。○彳(chi)勺(shao)，蒲握切(qie)。约音药。）星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)名。
【疏】“寿(shou)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)”至“星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)”。○释曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：此别星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。案《周(zhou)礼·保章(zhang)氏(shi)》“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)土辨九州之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地所(suo)封(feng)，封(feng)域皆(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)分星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)观妖祥”，郑(zheng)(zheng)玄(xuan)(xuan)注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)界则(ze)(ze)(ze)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)九州。诸国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)封(feng)域，於(wu)(wu)(wu)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)亦有(you)(you)(you)(you)分焉(yan)(yan)(yan)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)书(shu)亡矣。堪(kan)(kan)舆虽(sui)有(you)(you)(you)(you)郡(jun)国(guo)所(suo)入度(du)，非古数(shu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。今其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)存可(ke)言者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，十(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)纪(ji)，吴(wu)越也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。玄(xuan)(xuan)枵(xiao)(xiao)，齐(qi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。И訾，卫也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。降娄(lou)(lou)(lou)，鲁也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)梁(liang)，赵也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。实沈，晋也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。鹑(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)首，秦也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。鹑(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)火(huo)(huo)，周(zhou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。鹑(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)尾(wei)(wei)(wei)，楚(chu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。寿(shou)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，郑(zheng)(zheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)火(huo)(huo)，宋(song)(song)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。析(xi)木(mu)(mu)，燕也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”又(you)《汉书(shu)·律历志(zhi)》：东(dong)(dong)(dong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)：角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)、亢、氐(di)(di)(di)、房(fang)(fang)、心(xin)、尾(wei)(wei)(wei)、箕(ji)(ji)。北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)：斗(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)、牛、女(nv)、虚(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)、危、室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、壁。西(xi)(xi)(xi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)：奎(kui)、娄(lou)(lou)(lou)、胃(wei)、昴(mao)、毕(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)、觜、参。南(nan)(nan)(nan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)：井、鬼、柳(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)、星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、张(zhang)、翼、轸。宿(su)(su)(su)凡二(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)八(ba)。此经所(suo)释次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，惟有(you)(you)(you)(you)九宿(su)(su)(su)。惟十(shi)七者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《尔雅(ya)(ya)(ya)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)释六所(suo)载者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，所(suo)不(bu)载者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)阙焉(yan)(yan)(yan)。○“寿(shou)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)、亢也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，言寿(shou)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)值角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)、亢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宿(su)(su)(su)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“数(shu)起角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)、亢，列宿(su)(su)(su)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)寿(shou)。”《天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)文志(zhi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“东(dong)(dong)(dong)宫(gong)苍(cang)龙(long)(long)，左(zuo)(zuo)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，理；右角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，将。大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)王(wang)帝(di)坐廷。亢主宗(zong)庙”，是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)根，氐(di)(di)(di)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，氐(di)(di)(di)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)根。郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)亢下(xia)系於(wu)(wu)(wu)氐(di)(di)(di)，若木(mu)(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)根。”《国(guo)语》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)根见(jian)(jian)而(er)(er)(er)水(shui)涸。”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)驷，房(fang)(fang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，房(fang)(fang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)驷也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“龙(long)(long)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)马(ma)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)房(fang)(fang)驷星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)驷。”《天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)文志(zhi)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“房(fang)(fang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)府，曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)驷。”《国(guo)语》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“月(yue)(yue)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)驷。”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，房(fang)(fang)、心(xin)、尾(wei)(wei)(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，房(fang)(fang)、心(xin)、尾(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)总(zong)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，时(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“龙(long)(long)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)明(ming)(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)时(shi)(shi)候(hou)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)。”《春秋》昭十(shi)七年(nian)(nian)，“冬(dong)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)孛(bei)(bei)於(wu)(wu)(wu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)”。是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)火(huo)(huo)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)火(huo)(huo)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。李(li)(li)巡云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)火(huo)(huo)，苍(cang)龙(long)(long)宿(su)(su)(su)心(xin)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)候(hou)四(si)(si)时(shi)(shi)。”郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)火(huo)(huo)，心(xin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)最明(ming)(ming)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)时(shi)(shi)候(hou)主焉(yan)(yan)(yan)。”《左(zuo)(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“心(xin)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)火(huo)(huo)。”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“析(xi)木(mu)(mu)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)津(jin)(jin)，箕(ji)(ji)、斗(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间，汉津(jin)(jin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，析(xi)木(mu)(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)津(jin)(jin)，箕(ji)(ji)、斗(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孙(sun)炎(yan)(yan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“析(xi)别水(shui)木(mu)(mu)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)箕(ji)(ji)斗(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间，是(shi)(shi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)汉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)津(jin)(jin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”刘炫谓(wei)是(shi)(shi)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)汉即(ji)(ji)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)河(he)(he)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)河(he)(he)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)箕(ji)(ji)、斗(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)二(er)(er)(er)(er)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间，箕(ji)(ji)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)东(dong)(dong)(dong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)木(mu)(mu)位(wei)(wei)，斗(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)位(wei)(wei)，分析(xi)水(shui)木(mu)(mu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)箕(ji)(ji)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)隔(ge)，隔(ge)河(he)(he)须(xu)(xu)津(jin)(jin)梁(liang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)度(du)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)谓(wei)此次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)析(xi)木(mu)(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)津(jin)(jin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。不(bu)言析(xi)水(shui)而(er)(er)(er)言析(xi)木(mu)(mu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)自南(nan)(nan)(nan)而(er)(er)(er)尽北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)依此次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)而(er)(er)(er)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)析(xi)木(mu)(mu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“箕(ji)(ji)，龙(long)(long)尾(wei)(wei)(wei)；斗(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)，南(nan)(nan)(nan)斗(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)汉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)津(jin)(jin)梁(liang)。”以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)四(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)皆(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)七宿(su)(su)(su)，各成一(yi)(yi)(yi)形(xing)。东(dong)(dong)(dong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)成龙(long)(long)形(xing)，西(xi)(xi)(xi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)成虎(hu)形(xing)，皆(jie)南(nan)(nan)(nan)首而(er)(er)(er)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)尾(wei)(wei)(wei)；南(nan)(nan)(nan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)成鸟(niao)形(xing)，北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)成龟形(xing)，皆(jie)西(xi)(xi)(xi)首而(er)(er)(er)东(dong)(dong)(dong)尾(wei)(wei)(wei)。箕(ji)(ji)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)苍(cang)龙(long)(long)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)末，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)龙(long)(long)尾(wei)(wei)(wei)；斗(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)至南(nan)(nan)(nan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)即(ji)(ji)见(jian)(jian)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)南(nan)(nan)(nan)斗(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)。昭八(ba)年(nian)(nian)《左(zuo)(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“今在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)析(xi)木(mu)(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)津(jin)(jin)。”《国(guo)语》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“日在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)析(xi)木(mu)(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)津(jin)(jin)。”皆(jie)是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。案经典但有(you)(you)(you)(you)析(xi)木(mu)(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)津(jin)(jin)，无析(xi)木(mu)(mu)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)津(jin)(jin)。今定(ding)本有(you)(you)(you)(you)“谓(wei)”字，因(yin)注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“即(ji)(ji)汉津(jin)(jin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”，误(wu)矣。○“星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)纪(ji)，斗(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)、牵(qian)牛也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)纪(ji)，斗(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)、牛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“牵(qian)牛、斗(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，日月(yue)(yue)五(wu)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)终始，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)纪(ji)。”《左(zuo)(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“岁在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)纪(ji)。”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“玄(xuan)(xuan)枵(xiao)(xiao)，虚(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，玄(xuan)(xuan)枵(xiao)(xiao)，虚(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“虚(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)，北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)色黑(hei)。枵(xiao)(xiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言毛(mao)(mao)，毛(mao)(mao)亦虚(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)意(yi)。”然则(ze)(ze)(ze)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)色黑(hei)而(er)(er)(er)虚(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)毛(mao)(mao)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)玄(xuan)(xuan)枵(xiao)(xiao)。案襄(xiang)二(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)八(ba)年(nian)(nian)《左(zuo)(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“春，无冰(bing)。梓慎曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘今兹宋(song)(song)、郑(zheng)(zheng)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)饥乎！’岁在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)纪(ji)而(er)(er)(er)淫(yin)於(wu)(wu)(wu)玄(xuan)(xuan)枵(xiao)(xiao)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)时(shi)(shi)，阴不(bu)堪(kan)(kan)阳。蛇乘(cheng)龙(long)(long)；龙(long)(long)，宋(song)(song)、郑(zheng)(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。宋(song)(song)郑(zheng)(zheng)必饥。玄(xuan)(xuan)枵(xiao)(xiao)，虚(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)中(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。枵(xiao)(xiao)，毛(mao)(mao)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。土虚(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)而(er)(er)(er)民毛(mao)(mao)，不(bu)饥何(he)(he)(he)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)？”颛(zhuan)顼(xu)(xu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)虚(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“颛(zhuan)顼(xu)(xu)水(shui)德，位(wei)(wei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)。”然则(ze)(ze)(ze)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)三(san)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)玄(xuan)(xuan)枵(xiao)(xiao)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)，玄(xuan)(xuan)枵(xiao)(xiao)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)有(you)(you)(you)(you)三(san)宿(su)(su)(su)，又(you)虚(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)水(shui)位(wei)(wei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)，颛(zhuan)顼(xu)(xu)居(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)谓(wei)玄(xuan)(xuan)枵(xiao)(xiao)虚(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)颛(zhuan)顼(xu)(xu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)虚(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。昭十(shi)年(nian)(nian)《左(zuo)(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“郑(zheng)(zheng)礻(shi)卑灶言於(wu)(wu)(wu)子产曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘今兹岁在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)颛(zhuan)顼(xu)(xu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)虚(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)。’”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)陆(lu)(lu)，虚(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，虚(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)又(you)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)陆(lu)(lu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孙(sun)炎(yan)(yan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“陆(lu)(lu)，中(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宿(su)(su)(su)，虚(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”昭四(si)(si)年(nian)(nian)《左(zuo)(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“古者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)日在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)陆(lu)(lu)而(er)(er)(er)藏冰(bing)。”杜注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“陆(lu)(lu)，道(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”陆(lu)(lu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)道(dao)皆(jie)无正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)训，各以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)意(yi)耳。要以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)虚(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)中(zhong)(zhong)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)宿(su)(su)(su)，是(shi)(shi)日行(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)陆(lu)(lu)。郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“虚(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)凡四(si)(si)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，玄(xuan)(xuan)枵(xiao)(xiao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，虚(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，颛(zhuan)顼(xu)(xu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)虚(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)陆(lu)(lu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“营(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，营(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)定(ding)。郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“定(ding)，正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。作(zuo)宫(gong)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)皆(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)营(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)。”《诗·风(feng)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“定(ding)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)中(zhong)(zhong)，作(zuo)于(yu)(yu)楚(chu)宫(gong)。”郑(zheng)(zheng)笺云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“定(ding)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)昏中(zhong)(zhong)而(er)(er)(er)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，於(wu)(wu)(wu)是(shi)(shi)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)营(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)制(zhi)宫(gong)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)营(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。”“И訾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)口(kou)，营(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、东(dong)(dong)(dong)壁也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，И訾，室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、壁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。壁居(ju)南(nan)(nan)(nan)则(ze)(ze)(ze)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)东(dong)(dong)(dong)。孙(sun)炎(yan)(yan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“И訾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)叹则(ze)(ze)(ze)口(kou)开方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)，营(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、东(dong)(dong)(dong)壁，四(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)似(si)(si)口(kou)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)因(yin)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“营(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、东(dong)(dong)(dong)壁，星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)四(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)似(si)(si)口(kou)，因(yin)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)。”由其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)营(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)与(yu)东(dong)(dong)(dong)壁相成，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)得正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)四(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)。襄(xiang)三(san)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)《左(zuo)(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“岁在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)И訾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)口(kou)。”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“降娄(lou)(lou)(lou)，奎(kui)、娄(lou)(lou)(lou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，降娄(lou)(lou)(lou)，奎(kui)、娄(lou)(lou)(lou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孙(sun)炎(yan)(yan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“降，下(xia)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。奎(kui)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)沟(gou)(gou)渎，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)称(cheng)降也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“奎(kui)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)沟(gou)(gou)渎，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)降”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《汉书(shu)·天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)文志(zhi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“奎(kui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)封(feng)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)沟(gou)(gou)渎。”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。案襄(xiang)三(san)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)《左(zuo)(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“郑(zheng)(zheng)公(gong)孙(sun)挥(hui)与(yu)礻(shi)卑灶晨(chen)过伯有(you)(you)(you)(you)氏(shi)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)门上生莠。子羽(yu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)莠犹在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)乎？’於(wu)(wu)(wu)是(shi)(shi)岁在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)降娄(lou)(lou)(lou)，降娄(lou)(lou)(lou)中(zhong)(zhong)而(er)(er)(er)旦，礻(shi)卑灶指之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘犹可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)终岁，岁不(bu)及(ji)(ji)此次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。’已及(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)亡也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，岁在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)И觜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)口(kou)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)明(ming)(ming)年(nian)(nian)乃及(ji)(ji)降娄(lou)(lou)(lou)。”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)梁(liang)，昴(mao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。西(xi)(xi)(xi)陆(lu)(lu)，昴(mao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)梁(liang)，昴(mao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。昴(mao)，西(xi)(xi)(xi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宿(su)(su)(su)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，昴(mao)又(you)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)陆(lu)(lu)。昭四(si)(si)年(nian)(nian)《左(zuo)(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“古者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)日在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)陆(lu)(lu)而(er)(er)(er)藏冰(bing)，西(xi)(xi)(xi)陆(lu)(lu)朝觌而(er)(er)(er)出(chu)(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”又(you)十(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)传(chuan)(chuan)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“岁及(ji)(ji)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)梁(liang)，蔡复楚(chu)凶(xiong)。”是(shi)(shi)昴(mao)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)凡三(san)。郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“昴(mao)，西(xi)(xi)(xi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宿(su)(su)(su)，别名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)旄头”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)文志(zhi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“昴(mao)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)旄头，胡星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”是(shi)(shi)矣。○“浊(zhuo)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)毕(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，毕(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)，西(xi)(xi)(xi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宿(su)(su)(su)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)浊(zhuo)。郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“掩兔(tu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)毕(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)，或(huo)(huo)呼为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)浊(zhuo)，因(yin)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)形(xing)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。”《诗·小(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“有(you)(you)(you)(you)扌求天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)毕(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)。”毛(mao)(mao)传(chuan)(chuan)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“扌求，毕(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)貌。毕(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)掩兔(tu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”《特牲馈食礼》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“宗(zong)人(ren)(ren)执毕(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)。”郑(zheng)(zheng)注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“毕(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)，状(zhuang)如(ru)(ru)叉盖，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)似(si)(si)毕(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)取名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)焉(yan)(yan)(yan)。”然则(ze)(ze)(ze)掩兔(tu)、祭器(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)毕(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)，俱(ju)象(xiang)毕(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。但掩兔(tu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)毕(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)，施网为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)异(yi)尔。○“朱(zhu)(zhu)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)柳(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)。柳(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，鹑(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)火(huo)(huo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，柳(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，南(nan)(nan)(nan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宿(su)(su)(su)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。南(nan)(nan)(nan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)七宿(su)(su)(su)，共(gong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)朱(zhu)(zhu)鸟(niao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)形(xing)，柳(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)朱(zhu)(zhu)鸟(niao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)口(kou)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)朱(zhu)(zhu)。朱(zhu)(zhu)即(ji)(ji)朱(zhu)(zhu)鸟(niao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)口(kou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。鹑(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)火(huo)(huo)，柳(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。鹑(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)即(ji)(ji)朱(zhu)(zhu)鸟(niao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。火(huo)(huo)属南(nan)(nan)(nan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)行(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，因(yin)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鹑(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)火(huo)(huo)。襄(xiang)九年(nian)(nian)《左(zuo)(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“晋侯问於(wu)(wu)(wu)士(shi)弱曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘吾闻(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)：宋(song)(song)灾，於(wu)(wu)(wu)是(shi)(shi)乎知(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)道(dao)。何(he)(he)(he)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)？’对曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘古之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)火(huo)(huo)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，或(huo)(huo)食於(wu)(wu)(wu)心(xin)，或(huo)(huo)食於(wu)(wu)(wu)朱(zhu)(zhu)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)出(chu)(chu)内火(huo)(huo)。是(shi)(shi)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)朱(zhu)(zhu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鹑(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)火(huo)(huo)，心(xin)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)火(huo)(huo)。’”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)极(ji)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，极(ji)，中(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，时(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。居(ju)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)，人(ren)(ren)望之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)，因(yin)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)极(ji)。斗(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)杓所(suo)建(jian)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)四(si)(si)时(shi)(shi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)。《论语》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)政以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)德，譬如(ru)(ru)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)。”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“何(he)(he)(he)鼓谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)牵(qian)牛”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，李(li)(li)巡云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“何(he)(he)(he)鼓、牵(qian)牛皆(jie)二(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)八(ba)宿(su)(su)(su)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”孙(sun)炎(yan)(yan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“何(he)(he)(he)鼓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旗，十(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)牵(qian)牛北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。或(huo)(huo)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)何(he)(he)(he)鼓，亦名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)牵(qian)牛。”如(ru)(ru)此文，则(ze)(ze)(ze)牵(qian)牛、何(he)(he)(he)鼓一(yi)(yi)(yi)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。如(ru)(ru)李(li)(li)巡、孙(sun)炎(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)二(er)(er)(er)(er)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。今不(bu)知(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)同(tong)异(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。案《汉书(shu)·天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)文志(zhi)》：“牵(qian)牛为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)牺(xi)牲，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)河(he)(he)鼓。河(he)(he)鼓大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，上将；左(zuo)(zuo)，左(zuo)(zuo)将；右，右将。”亦以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)牵(qian)牛、河(he)(he)鼓为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)(er)(er)(er)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“今荆楚(chu)人(ren)(ren)呼牵(qian)牛星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)檐鼓，檐者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)荷也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”顺经为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)说，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)时(shi)(shi)验(yan)而(er)(er)(er)言也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“明(ming)(ming)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)启(qi)明(ming)(ming)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，孙(sun)炎(yan)(yan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“明(ming)(ming)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)白也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。出(chu)(chu)东(dong)(dong)(dong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)，高(gao)三(san)舍(she)，今曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)明(ming)(ming)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。昏出(chu)(chu)西(xi)(xi)(xi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)，高(gao)三(san)舍(she)，今曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)太(tai)白。”郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“太(tai)白星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。晨(chen)见(jian)(jian)东(dong)(dong)(dong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)启(qi)明(ming)(ming)，昏见(jian)(jian)西(xi)(xi)(xi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)太(tai)白。”然则(ze)(ze)(ze)启(qi)明(ming)(ming)是(shi)(shi)太(tai)白矣。《诗·小(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“东(dong)(dong)(dong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)启(qi)明(ming)(ming)，西(xi)(xi)(xi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)庚(geng)。”长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)庚(geng)不(bu)知(zhi)是(shi)(shi)何(he)(he)(he)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。或(huo)(huo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)出(chu)(chu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)东(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)(xi)而(er)(er)(er)异(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，或(huo)(huo)二(er)(er)(er)(er)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)别星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，未能审也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“彗星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)枪(qiang)(qiang)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，彗星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)枪(qiang)(qiang)。《汉书(shu)·天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)文志(zhi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“岁星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)赢而(er)(er)(er)东(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)(nan)，《石氏(shi)》见(jian)(jian)彗星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，《甘(gan)氏(shi)》不(bu)出(chu)(chu)三(san)月(yue)(yue)乃生彗，本类星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，末类彗，长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)二(er)(er)(er)(er)丈。赢东(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)，《石氏(shi)》见(jian)(jian)觉星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，《甘(gan)氏(shi)》不(bu)出(chu)(chu)三(san)月(yue)(yue)乃生天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，本类星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，末锐(rui)，长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)四(si)(si)尺。缩西(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)，《石氏(shi)》见(jian)(jian)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)，如(ru)(ru)牛，《甘(gan)氏(shi)》不(bu)出(chu)(chu)三(san)月(yue)(yue)乃生天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)枪(qiang)(qiang)，左(zuo)(zuo)右锐(rui)，长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)数(shu)丈。缩西(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)，《石氏(shi)》见(jian)(jian)枪(qiang)(qiang)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)，如(ru)(ru)马(ma)，《甘(gan)氏(shi)》不(bu)出(chu)(chu)三(san)月(yue)(yue)乃生天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，本类星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，末锐(rui)，长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)数(shu)丈。《石氏(shi)》、枪(qiang)(qiang)、、彗异(yi)状(zhuang)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)殃一(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”郭(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“亦谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)孛(bei)(bei)，言其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)形(xing)孛(bei)(bei)孛(bei)(bei)似(si)(si)埽彗。”《春秋左(zuo)(zuo)氏(shi)传(chuan)(chuan)》：“昭十(shi)七年(nian)(nian)冬(dong)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)孛(bei)(bei)于(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，西(xi)(xi)(xi)及(ji)(ji)汉。申(shen)须(xu)(xu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘彗，所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)除(chu)旧(jiu)布新也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。’”《公(gong)羊传(chuan)(chuan)》：“孛(bei)(bei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)何(he)(he)(he)？彗星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”彗谓(wei)帚(zhou)(zhou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，言其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)状(zhuang)似(si)(si)埽帚(zhou)(zhou)，光芒孛(bei)(bei)孛(bei)(bei)然。妖变之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，非常所(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)言孛(bei)(bei)，又(you)言彗也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“奔(ben)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)彳勺约(yue)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，奔(ben)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)即(ji)(ji)流(liu)星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)亻(ren)勺约(yue)。“星(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)”，题上事也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
春祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)祠(ci)，（祠(ci)之(zhi)言食。）夏祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)礻(shi)(shi)勺(shao)，（新菜可氵(shui)勺(shao)。）秋(qiu)(qiu)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)尝，（尝新。）冬祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)蒸。（进品物(wu)也(ye)(ye)。）祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)天曰(yue)(yue)(yue)燔(fan)柴(chai)，（既(ji)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，积薪烧之(zhi)。○燔(fan)音烦。）祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)瘗(yi)。（既(ji)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，埋(mai)藏之(zhi)。）祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)山(shan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)县，（或或县，置之(zhi)於(wu)山(shan)。《山(shan)海(hai)经》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“县以吉玉(yu)。”是也(ye)(ye)。○，居委反。县，玄。）祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)川曰(yue)(yue)(yue)浮(fu)沈(shen)。（投(tou)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水中，或浮(fu)或沈(shen)。）祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)星(xing)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)布，（布散(san)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)於(wu)地(di)。）祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)风曰(yue)(yue)(yue)磔(zhe)。（今俗当大道中磔(zhe)狗，云以止风。此(ci)其象。○磔(zhe)音责。）是类(lei)是礻(shi)(shi)马(ma)，师(shi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)也(ye)(ye)。（师(shi)出征(zheng)伐(fa)，类(lei)於(wu)上帝，礻(shi)(shi)马(ma)於(wu)所(suo)征(zheng)之(zhi)地(di)。○类(lei)，类(lei)。礻(shi)(shi)马(ma)，骂。）既(ji)伯既(ji)祷，马(ma)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)也(ye)(ye)。（伯，祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)马(ma)祖也(ye)(ye)。将用马(ma)力，必先祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)其先。），大祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)也(ye)(ye)。（五年一(yi)大祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。○，大计切。）绎(yi)，又祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)也(ye)(ye)。（祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)明日，寻绎(yi)复祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。）周(zhou)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)绎(yi)，（《春秋(qiu)(qiu)经》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“壬午(wu)犹绎(yi)。”）商曰(yue)(yue)(yue)肜，（《书》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“高宗肜日。”）夏曰(yue)(yue)(yue)复胙。（未(wei)见(jian)义所(suo)出。○胙音祚(zuo)。）祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)名。
【疏】“春(chun)(chun)(chun)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)”至“祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)”。○释曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：此(ci)(ci)别(bie)四时(shi)(shi)(shi)及(ji)三代诸祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“春(chun)(chun)(chun)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)祠(ci)(ci)(ci)，夏(xia)(xia)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)礻(shi)(shi)勺(shao)(shao)，秋(qiu)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)尝(chang)，冬祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)蒸”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)四时(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郭(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“祠(ci)(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)食。礻(shi)(shi)勺(shao)(shao)，新菜可(ke)氵(shui)勺(shao)(shao)。尝(chang)，尝(chang)新。蒸，进品物(wu)(wu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”此(ci)(ci)皆(jie)周礼也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。殷(yin)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)则礻(shi)(shi)勺(shao)(shao)、、蒸、尝(chang)，《王(wang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)》文(wen)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。至周公(gong)(gong)则去夏(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)春(chun)(chun)(chun)礻(shi)(shi)龠(yue)当之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，更名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)春(chun)(chun)(chun)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)祠(ci)(ci)(ci)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)《志(zhi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“《王(wang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)》记先王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)度。宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)庙(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，春(chun)(chun)(chun)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)礻(shi)(shi)龠(yue)，夏(xia)(xia)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，秋(qiu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)尝(chang)，冬曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)蒸。为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)夏(xia)(xia)，於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)秋(qiu)，於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)冬。周公(gong)(gong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼，乃改(gai)(gai)夏(xia)(xia)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)礻(shi)(shi)龠(yue)，又(you)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。”《祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)义》注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“周以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)殷(yin)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，更名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)春(chun)(chun)(chun)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)祠(ci)(ci)(ci)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)祠(ci)(ci)(ci)、礻(shi)(shi)龠(yue)、蒸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，周公(gong)(gong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)改(gai)(gai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”若然，《诗(shi)·小(xiao)(xiao)雅》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“礻(shi)(shi)龠(yue)、祠(ci)(ci)(ci)、蒸、尝(chang)，于(yu)公(gong)(gong)先王(wang)。”此(ci)(ci)文(wen)王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗(shi)，所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)已得有(you)(you)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼所(suo)(suo)改(gai)(gai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。然王(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)因(yin)革，与世而(er)(er)(er)迁，事虽制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼大(da)(da)(da)定，要(yao)亦(yi)(yi)所(suo)(suo)改(gai)(gai)有(you)(you)渐。《易》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“不(bu)(bu)如(ru)西(xi)邻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礻(shi)(shi)龠(yue)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。”郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)注(zhu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)夏(xia)(xia)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。则文(wen)王(wang)时(shi)(shi)(shi)已改(gai)(gai)言(yan)(yan)周公(gong)(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，据制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼大(da)(da)(da)定言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耳(er)。○“祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)天(tian)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)燔(fan)柴(chai)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)天(tian)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)燔(fan)柴(chai)。《祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)法(fa)(fa)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“燔(fan)柴(chai)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泰坛，祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)天(tian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”郭(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“既祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，积(ji)薪烧之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”《大(da)(da)(da)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)伯(bo)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)祀(si)祀(si)昊(hao)天(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)帝，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)实柴(chai)祀(si)日(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)星(xing)(xing)辰，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)燎祀(si)司中(zhong)(zhong)、司命(ming)、<风>师(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、雨师(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。”郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)烟。周人(ren)尚臭(chou)(chou)，烟，气之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臭(chou)(chou)闻者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。，积(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《诗(shi)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘或(huo)(huo)(huo)朴，薪之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。’三祀(si)皆(jie)积(ji)柴(chai)，实牲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)体焉。或(huo)(huo)(huo)有(you)(you)玉帛(bo)燔(fan)燎而(er)(er)(er)升烟，所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)报阳也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”然则祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)天(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼，积(ji)柴(chai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)实牲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)体玉帛(bo)而(er)(er)(er)燔(fan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，使(shi)烟气之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臭(chou)(chou)上(shang)(shang)(shang)达於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)天(tian)，因(yin)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)“祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)天(tian)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)燔(fan)柴(chai)”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)瘗(yi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)瘗(yi)。《祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)法(fa)(fa)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“瘗(yi)埋(mai)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泰圻(qi)，祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”然则祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)神州地(di)(di)(di)(di)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)北(bei)郊(jiao)，瘗(yi)缯埋(mai)牲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，因(yin)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)瘗(yi)。李巡曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)玉埋(mai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)中(zhong)(zhong)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)瘗(yi)。”孙炎曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“瘗(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)翳也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。既祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，翳藏(zang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)中(zhong)(zhong)。”○“祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)山曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)县(xian)(xian)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，县(xian)(xian)，祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)山之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)埋(mai)藏(zang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。《大(da)(da)(da)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)伯(bo)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)沈(shen)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)山林川泽(ze)。”郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)山林曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)埋(mai)。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。县(xian)(xian)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)县(xian)(xian)其(qi)(qi)牲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)币於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)山林中(zhong)(zhong)，因(yin)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)山曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)县(xian)(xian)。郭(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“或(huo)(huo)(huo)或(huo)(huo)(huo)县(xian)(xian)，置之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)山。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。又(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“《山海(hai)经(jing)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘县(xian)(xian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)吉(ji)玉’是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)《中(zhong)(zhong)山经(jing)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“历儿冢也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)祠(ci)(ci)(ci)祀(si)毛大(da)(da)(da)牢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)具(ju)，县(xian)(xian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)吉(ji)玉。”彼注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“县(xian)(xian)，祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)山之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)川曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)浮沈(shen)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，浮沈(shen)，祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)川之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郭(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“投祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水中(zhong)(zhong)，或(huo)(huo)(huo)浮或(huo)(huo)(huo)沈(shen)。”《大(da)(da)(da)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)伯(bo)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)沈(shen)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)山林川泽(ze)。”郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)川泽(ze)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)沈(shen)，顺其(qi)(qi)性之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)含藏(zang)。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)星(xing)(xing)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)布(bu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，李巡曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)星(xing)(xing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)布(bu)露地(di)(di)(di)(di)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)布(bu)。”孙炎曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“既祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，布(bu)散(san)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)，似星(xing)(xing)布(bu)列也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”郭(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“布(bu)散(san)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)。”○“祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)风曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)磔”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，磔谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)披磔牲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)体，象(xiang)风之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)散(san)物(wu)(wu)，因(yin)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)。郭(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“今(jin)俗当大(da)(da)(da)道中(zhong)(zhong)磔狗，云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)止(zhi)风。此(ci)(ci)其(qi)(qi)象(xiang)。”○“是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)类(lei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)礻(shi)(shi)马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)，师(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，“是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)类(lei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)礻(shi)(shi)马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)”，《诗(shi)·大(da)(da)(da)雅·皇矣》篇文(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；“师(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”，作(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)解诗(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，言(yan)(yan)用(yong)(yong)师(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)出(chu)(chu)征之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郭(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“师(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)出(chu)(chu)征伐，类(lei)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)帝，礻(shi)(shi)马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)(suo)征之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《王(wang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“天(tian)子(zi)将出(chu)(chu)征，类(lei)乎上(shang)(shang)(shang)帝，礻(shi)(shi)马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)(suo)征之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)类(lei)乎上(shang)(shang)(shang)帝，则类(lei)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)天(tian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)天(tian)而(er)(er)(er)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类(lei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《尚书》夏(xia)(xia)侯(hou)欧阳说，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)事类(lei)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，在(zai)南方，就南郊(jiao)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。《春(chun)(chun)(chun)官(guan)·肆师(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)》注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“类(lei)礼，依郊(jiao)祀(si)而(er)(er)(er)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)《尚书》说为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)义也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。礻(shi)(shi)马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，其(qi)(qi)神不(bu)(bu)明(ming)。《肆师(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“凡四时(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)田猎，祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)表(biao)(biao)貉(he)，则为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)位。”注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“貉(he)，师(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)立表(biao)(biao)处为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)师(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)造军法(fa)(fa)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，祷(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)气势(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)增(zeng)倍(bei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)神盖蚩(chi)尢，或(huo)(huo)(huo)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)黄(huang)帝。”又(you)《甸祝》“掌四时(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)田，表(biao)(biao)貉(he)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祝号”。杜子(zi)春(chun)(chun)(chun)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“貉(he)，兵祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。田以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)讲武(wu)治兵，故(gu)(gu)(gu)有(you)(you)兵祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。习(xi)兵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼，故(gu)(gu)(gu)貉(he)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祷(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)气势(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)十百(bai)而(er)(er)(er)多获。”由此(ci)(ci)二注(zhu)言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，则礻(shi)(shi)马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)造兵为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)军法(fa)(fa)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)表(biao)(biao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。礻(shi)(shi)马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)，《周礼》作(zuo)貉(he)，貉(he)又(you)或(huo)(huo)(huo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)貊字，古今(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)异也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。貉(he)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)百(bai)，祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祀(si)此(ci)(ci)神，求(qiu)获百(bai)倍(bei)。○“既伯(bo)既祷(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)，马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，“既伯(bo)既祷(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)”，《诗(shi)·小(xiao)(xiao)雅·吉(ji)日(ri)(ri)(ri)》篇文(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；“马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”，作(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)释诗(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。毛传云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“伯(bo)，马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)祖(zu)(zu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。重(zhong)物(wu)(wu)慎(shen)微，将用(yong)(yong)马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)力(li)，必(bi)先为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祷(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)其(qi)(qi)祖(zu)(zu)。祷(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)，祷(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)获也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”郭(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“伯(bo)，祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)祖(zu)(zu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。将用(yong)(yong)马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)力(li)，必(bi)先祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)先”。知(zhi)伯(bo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)祖(zu)(zu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)而(er)(er)(er)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)知(zhi)马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)祖(zu)(zu)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)伯(bo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，伯(bo)，长也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)祖(zu)(zu)始(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)长也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)注(zhu)《周礼》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)祖(zu)(zu)，天(tian)驷(si)(si)房也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”彼注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“龙为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)房四星(xing)(xing)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)天(tian)驷(si)(si)。”马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)，国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)用(yong)(yong)，王(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)重(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)《夏(xia)(xia)官(guan)·校人(ren)》：“春(chun)(chun)(chun)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)祖(zu)(zu)”，“夏(xia)(xia)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)先牧(mu)(mu)”，“秋(qiu)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)社”，“冬祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)步(bu)”。注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)祖(zu)(zu)，天(tian)驷(si)(si)。”上(shang)(shang)(shang)文(wen)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)天(tian)驷(si)(si)。“先牧(mu)(mu)，始(shi)养马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。”“马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)社，始(shi)乘马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。”“马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)步(bu)，神为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)灾害马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。”既四时(shi)(shi)(shi)各(ge)有(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)祖(zu)(zu)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)春(chun)(chun)(chun)，其(qi)(qi)常也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，而(er)(er)(er)将用(yong)(yong)马(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)力(li)，则又(you)用(yong)(yong)彼礼以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)祷(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。○“，大(da)(da)(da)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，经(jing)传之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)称(cheng)非(fei)一，其(qi)(qi)义各(ge)殊。《论语》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“自既灌(guan)”及(ji)《春(chun)(chun)(chun)秋(qiu)》“于(yu)太庙(miao)”，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)庙(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《丧服(fu)小(xiao)(xiao)记》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“王(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)其(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)自出(chu)(chu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”及(ji)《大(da)(da)(da)传》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“礼，不(bu)(bu)王(wang)不(bu)(bu)”，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)感生(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)帝於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)南郊(jiao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)法(fa)(fa)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“周人(ren)喾(ku)而(er)(er)(er)郊(jiao)稷。”谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)昊(hao)天(tian)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)圜丘也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)比(bi)馀处为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)总得称(cheng)。宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)庙(miao)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，，谛也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，言(yan)(yan)使(shi)昭穆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)次审谛而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)乱也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)天(tian)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，亦(yi)(yi)言(yan)(yan)使(shi)典(dian)礼审谛也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郭(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“五(wu)年一大(da)(da)(da)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，出(chu)(chu)《礼纬》文(wen)。知(zhi)非(fei)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)天(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)文(wen)下云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“绎(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，又(you)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)庙(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，知(zhi)此(ci)(ci)亦(yi)(yi)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)庙(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。○“绎(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，又(you)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，又(you)，复(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；绎(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，复(fu)(fu)(fu)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郭(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)明(ming)日(ri)(ri)(ri)，寻(xun)绎(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)复(fu)(fu)(fu)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。”《公(gong)(gong)羊传》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“绎(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)何(he)？祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)明(ming)日(ri)(ri)(ri)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”《梁传》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“绎(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旦(dan)日(ri)(ri)(ri)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)享(xiang)宾也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”天(tian)子(zi)诸侯(hou)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)绎(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，少牢馈(kui)食大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宾尸(shi)(shi)，与祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)同(tong)(tong)日(ri)(ri)(ri)。若然，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亦(yi)(yi)与宾尸(shi)(shi)事不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)矣。而(er)(er)(er)《诗(shi)·颂·丝衣》序云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“绎(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)宾尸(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，绎(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼，主为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宾事此(ci)(ci)尸(shi)(shi)。但(dan)天(tian)子(zi)诸侯(hou)礼大(da)(da)(da)，异日(ri)(ri)(ri)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，别(bie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)立名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)绎(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，言(yan)(yan)其(qi)(qi)寻(xun)绎(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)昨日(ri)(ri)(ri)。卿大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)礼小(xiao)(xiao)，同(tong)(tong)日(ri)(ri)(ri)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)别(bie)立名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，直指其(qi)(qi)事谓(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宾尸(shi)(shi)耳(er)。”此(ci)(ci)序言(yan)(yan)绎(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)此(ci)(ci)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，宾尸(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事，故(gu)(gu)(gu)特详(xiang)其(qi)(qi)文(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。然又(you)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，三代各(ge)异。周名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)绎(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，商名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)肜(rong)，夏(xia)(xia)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)复(fu)(fu)(fu)胙。郭(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“《春(chun)(chun)(chun)秋(qiu)》经(jing)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：壬午犹绎(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，宣八年经(jing)文(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。又(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“《书》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：高宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)肜(rong)日(ri)(ri)(ri)”，《商书》篇也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孙炎云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“肜(rong)日(ri)(ri)(ri)，相寻(xun)不(bu)(bu)绝(jue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”“曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)复(fu)(fu)(fu)胙”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，郭(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“未(wei)见(jian)义所(suo)(suo)出(chu)(chu)。”以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)夏(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)典(dian)训无言(yan)(yan)复(fu)(fu)(fu)胙名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)未(wei)见(jian)义所(suo)(suo)出(chu)(chu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《诗(shi)》传及(ji)《诗(shi)》笺(jian)亦(yi)(yi)无此(ci)(ci)一句，说者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)，胙是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)肉(rou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旦(dan)日(ri)(ri)(ri)，复(fu)(fu)(fu)陈(chen)其(qi)(qi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)肉(rou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)宾尸(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。未(wei)知(zhi)然不(bu)(bu)。“祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)题上(shang)(shang)(shang)事也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
春猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，（搜索(suo)取(qu)不任者。○音(yin)搜。）夏猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)苗(miao)，（为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)苗(miao)稼除(chu)害。）秋猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，（顺杀气(qi)也(ye)(ye)。○，息浅切。）冬猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)狩。（得兽(shou)取(qu)之无(wu)所(suo)择。○狩，羊又反(fan)。）宵田(tian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)獠(liao)，（《管子》曰：“獠(liao)猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)毕(bi)弋。”今江东亦(yi)呼猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)獠(liao)，音(yin)辽。或(huo)曰即今夜猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)载炉照也(ye)(ye)。）火(huo)田(tian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)狩。（放火(huo)烧草猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)，亦(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)狩。）乃立冢(zhong)土，戎(rong)丑攸行。（冢(zhong)土，大社(she)。戎(rong)丑，大众(zhong)。）起大事，动大众(zhong)，必先有事乎(hu)社(she)，而(er)後出谓之宜(yi)(yi)。（有事祭(ji)也(ye)(ye)。《周(zhou)官》所(suo)谓“宜(yi)(yi)乎(hu)社(she)”。）振旅(lv)(lv)阗(tian)(tian)阗(tian)(tian)。（振旅(lv)(lv)，整(zheng)众(zhong)。阗(tian)(tian)阗(tian)(tian)，群行声。○阗(tian)(tian)音(yin)田(tian)。）出为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)治兵，尚威武也(ye)(ye)。（幼贱在前(qian)，贵勇力(li)。）入(ru)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)振旅(lv)(lv)，反(fan)尊卑也(ye)(ye)。（尊老在前(qian)，复常(chang)仪也(ye)(ye)。）讲武。
【疏】“春(chun)猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)”至(zhi)“讲(jiang)武”。○释曰(yue)(yue)：此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)说(shuo)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)习武之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“春(chun)猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，夏(xia)猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)苗(miao)，秋(qiu)(qiu)猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，冬(dong)(dong)猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)狩(shou)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)四时(shi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郭云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“，搜索(suo)取(qu)(qu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)任(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。苗(miao)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)苗(miao)稼(jia)除害。，顺(shun)杀(sha)(sha)(sha)气也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。狩(shou)，得兽取(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)无(wu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)择。”隐(yin)五年(nian)(nian)《左(zuo)(zuo)传(chuan)》文与此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)同(tong)。杜(du)注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“索(suo)择取(qu)(qu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)孕者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。苗(miao)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)苗(miao)除害也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。，杀(sha)(sha)(sha)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)杀(sha)(sha)(sha)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)名(ming)(ming)，顺(shun)秋(qiu)(qiu)气也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。狩(shou)，围守(shou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，冬(dong)(dong)物毕成(cheng)，获则取(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，无(wu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)择也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”《周礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)·大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)司马职》：中(zhong)春(chun)，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)振(zhen)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，遂以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。中(zhong)夏(xia)，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)茇(ba)舍，遂以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)苗(miao)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。中(zhong)秋(qiu)(qiu)，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兵(bing)，遂以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。中(zhong)冬(dong)(dong)，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)阅，遂以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)狩(shou)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。其(qi)(qi)名(ming)(ming)亦(yi)与此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)同(tong)。郑玄解苗(miao)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)与此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)小异(yi)。言(yan)择取(qu)(qu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)孕任(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，若(ruo)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)苗(miao)去(qu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)秀实者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，孙(sun)炎(yan)亦(yi)然。桓(huan)四年(nian)(nian)《公(gong)羊传(chuan)》曰(yue)(yue)：“春(chun)曰(yue)(yue)苗(miao)，秋(qiu)(qiu)曰(yue)(yue)，冬(dong)(dong)曰(yue)(yue)狩(shou)。”三(san)名(ming)(ming)既与《礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》异(yi)，又(you)复(fu)夏(xia)时(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。《梁传(chuan)》曰(yue)(yue)：“四时(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，皆(jie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宗庙之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。春(chun)曰(yue)(yue)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)、夏(xia)曰(yue)(yue)苗(miao)、秋(qiu)(qiu)曰(yue)(yue)、冬(dong)(dong)曰(yue)(yue)狩(shou)。”皆(jie)与《礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》异(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，良由微言(yan)既绝，曲辨妄生。左(zuo)(zuo)丘明亲(qin)受圣师(shi)，《尔(er)雅》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)或云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)子夏(xia)所(suo)(suo)(suo)作(zuo)(zuo)，故(gu)二(er)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)与《礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》合(he)。汉代古学不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)行(xing)，明帝集(ji)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)学士作(zuo)(zuo)《白虎(hu)通义(yi)(yi)》，因《梁》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，其(qi)(qi)说(shuo)曰(yue)(yue)：“王(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)何(he)(he)(he)？为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)苗(miao)除害，上以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)共宗庙，下以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)简(jian)集(ji)士众(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。春(chun)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)何(he)(he)(he)？春(chun)岁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本，举本名(ming)(ming)而言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。夏(xia)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)苗(miao)何(he)(he)(he)？择去(qu)怀(huai)任(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。秋(qiu)(qiu)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)何(he)(he)(he)？索(suo)肥(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。冬(dong)(dong)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)狩(shou)何(he)(he)(he)？守(shou)地而取(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。四时(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)总名(ming)(ming)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)何(he)(he)(he)？为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)除害也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”案苗(miao)非怀(huai)任(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)，何(he)(he)(he)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“择去(qu)怀(huai)任(ren)”？秋(qiu)(qiu)兽尽皆(jie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)瘦，何(he)(he)(he)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“索(suo)取(qu)(qu)肥(fei)”？虽(sui)名(ming)(ming)《通义(yi)(yi)》，义(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)通也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)先儒(ru)皆(jie)依《周礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》、《左(zuo)(zuo)传(chuan)》、《尔(er)雅》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文而为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)说(shuo)，其(qi)(qi)名(ming)(ming)亦(yi)有(you)意焉(yan)。虽(sui)复(fu)春(chun)猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)，获则取(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能择取(qu)(qu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)孕。夏(xia)猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)所(suo)(suo)(suo)取(qu)(qu)无(wu)多，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)苗(miao)除害。为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)因时(shi)异(yi)而变文耳。谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，蔡邕《月(yue)令章句》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，捷取(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”○“宵(xiao)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)獠(liao)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，宵(xiao)，夜(ye)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。夜(ye)猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)名(ming)(ming)獠(liao)。郭云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“《管(guan)子》曰(yue)(yue)：獠(liao)猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)毕弋”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案《管(guan)子·四称》篇(pian)：“管(guan)仲对桓(huan)公(gong)曰(yue)(yue)：昔者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)无(wu)道之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君，诛其(qi)(qi)良臣，敖其(qi)(qi)妇女(nv)，獠(liao)猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)毕弋，暴遇(yu)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)父(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。又(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“今江东亦(yi)呼(hu)猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)獠(liao)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)时(shi)验而言(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“或曰(yue)(yue)即今夜(ye)猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)载炉照也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，亦(yi)得为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)义(yi)(yi)，故(gu)复(fu)引之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。○“火(huo)(huo)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)狩(shou)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，郭云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“放(fang)火(huo)(huo)烧草猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)，故(gu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)狩(shou)。”言(yan)与冬(dong)(dong)猎(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)同(tong)名(ming)(ming)，故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)亦(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。李巡、孙(sun)炎(yan)皆(jie)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“放(fang)火(huo)(huo)烧草，守(shou)其(qi)(qi)下风。”《周礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)·罗(luo)(luo)氏》“蜡则作(zuo)(zuo)罗(luo)(luo)襦”。郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“襦，细密(mi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罗(luo)(luo)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)时(shi)蛰者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)毕矣(yi)，可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)罗(luo)(luo)罔围取(qu)(qu)禽也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。今俗放(fang)火(huo)(huo)张罗(luo)(luo)，其(qi)(qi)遗教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)。”《礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)记·王(wang)制》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“昆虫未蛰，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)火(huo)(huo)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。”则是(shi)(shi)己蛰，得火(huo)(huo)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“乃立冢土(tu)，戎(rong)丑攸(you)(you)行(xing)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《诗·大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅·绵》篇(pian)文也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郭云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“冢土(tu)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)社(she)(she)(she)(she)。戎(rong)丑，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)众(zhong)(zhong)。”《郊(jiao)特(te)牲》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“社(she)(she)(she)(she)所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)神(shen)地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”《礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)运》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“命降於(wu)(wu)社(she)(she)(she)(she)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谓(wei)(wei)ゾ地。”是(shi)(shi)社(she)(she)(she)(she)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)土(tu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。冢诂为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)，土(tu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)社(she)(she)(she)(she)主(zhu)，故(gu)知“冢土(tu)、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)社(she)(she)(she)(she)”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《释诂》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“戎(rong)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。丑，众(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“戎(rong)丑，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)众(zhong)(zhong)”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“起(qi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)事(shi)，动(dong)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)众(zhong)(zhong)，必(bi)先有(you)事(shi)乎(hu)(hu)社(she)(she)(she)(she)，而後(hou)出(chu)(chu)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宜(yi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)作(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)既引《诗》文於(wu)(wu)上，然後(hou)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)辞(ci)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)释之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孙(sun)炎(yan)曰(yue)(yue)：“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)事(shi)，兵(bing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。有(you)事(shi)，祭(ji)(ji)(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。宜(yi)，求(qiu)见使也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)文本解“戎(rong)丑攸(you)(you)行(xing)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意，言(yan)国(guo)(guo)家起(qi)发军旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)事(shi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)兴动(dong)其(qi)(qi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)众(zhong)(zhong)，必(bi)先有(you)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)祀於(wu)(wu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)社(she)(she)(she)(she)，而後(hou)出(chu)(chu)行(xing)，其(qi)(qi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宜(yi)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)师(shi)行(xing)必(bi)须(xu)宜(yi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)告社(she)(she)(she)(she)，故(gu)言(yan)“戎(rong)丑攸(you)(you)行(xing)”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。成(cheng)十三(san)年(nian)(nian)《左(zuo)(zuo)传(chuan)》曰(yue)(yue)：“国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)事(shi)，在(zai)(zai)祀与戎(rong)。”故(gu)兵(bing)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)事(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《春(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)》昭十五年(nian)(nian)：“有(you)事(shi)於(wu)(wu)武宫。”《杂记》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“有(you)事(shi)於(wu)(wu)上帝。”皆(jie)是(shi)(shi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)事(shi)，故(gu)谓(wei)(wei)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)事(shi)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)兵(bing)凶战危，虑有(you)负败，祭(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)求(qiu)其(qi)(qi)福宜(yi)，故(gu)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宜(yi)。《王(wang)制》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“天(tian)子将出(chu)(chu)，宜(yi)乎(hu)(hu)社(she)(she)(she)(she)。”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郭云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“《周官(guan)》所(suo)(suo)(suo)谓(wei)(wei)‘宜(yi)乎(hu)(hu)社(she)(she)(she)(she)’”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《春(chun)官(guan)·大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)祝(zhu)职》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“出(chu)(chu)师(shi)宜(yi)于(yu)社(she)(she)(she)(she)，造于(yu)祖。”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“振(zhen)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)阗(tian)(tian)阗(tian)(tian)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《诗·小雅·采芑》篇(pian)文也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郑笺云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“至(zhi)战止(zhi)将归，又(you)振(zhen)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)伐鼓阗(tian)(tian)阗(tian)(tian)然。振(zhen)犹止(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，众(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”郭云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“振(zhen)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，整(zheng)众(zhong)(zhong)。阗(tian)(tian)阗(tian)(tian)，群(qun)行(xing)声也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”“出(chu)(chu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兵(bing)，尚威武也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。入为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)振(zhen)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，反尊(zun)卑也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)亦(yi)作(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)释上《诗》文也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。古者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)春(chun)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)振(zhen)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，秋(qiu)(qiu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兵(bing)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)戎(rong)是(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)事(shi)，又(you)三(san)年(nian)(nian)一(yi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)。隐(yin)五年(nian)(nian)《左(zuo)(zuo)传(chuan)》曰(yue)(yue)：“三(san)年(nian)(nian)而治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兵(bing)，入而振(zhen)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)。”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。征伐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)，出(chu)(chu)军至(zhi)对陈，用治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兵(bing)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)；战止(zhi)至(zhi)还(hai)归，用振(zhen)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)法。名(ming)(ming)异(yi)而礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)同(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)出(chu)(chu)当用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兵(bing)事(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)名(ming)(ming)；入则休息，故(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)整(zheng)众(zhong)(zhong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)名(ming)(ming)。其(qi)(qi)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兵(bing)振(zhen)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)，《周礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》、《左(zuo)(zuo)传(chuan)》、《梁》与此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)皆(jie)同(tong)，惟《公(gong)羊》以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兵(bing)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)祠兵(bing)。其(qi)(qi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)：治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兵(bing)则幼贱在(zai)(zai)前(qian)，振(zhen)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)则尊(zun)老(lao)在(zai)(zai)前(qian)。郭云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“幼贱在(zai)(zai)前(qian)，贵勇力(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。尊(zun)老(lao)在(zai)(zai)前(qian)，复(fu)常(chang)仪也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”“讲(jiang)武”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，题上事(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，言(yan)皆(jie)所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)讲(jiang)习武事(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
素锦绸杠，（以白地锦韬旗之(zhi)竿(gan)(gan)。○杠为江。）帛(bo)纟(mi)参(can)，（，帛(bo)绛(jiang)也。纟(mi)参(can)，旒(liu)(liu)(liu)所著。○音勋。纟(mi)参(can)音衫。）素升龙于纟(mi)参(can)，（画(hua)(hua)(hua)白龙於(wu)纟(mi)参(can)，令上向。）练旒(liu)(liu)(liu)九，（练，绛(jiang)练也。）饰(shi)以组，（用綦组饰(shi)旒(liu)(liu)(liu)之(zhi)边(bian)。）维以缕(lv)。（用朱缕(lv)维连(lian)持之(zhi)，不欲令曳地。《周(zhou)礼(li)(li)》曰(yue)：“六人维王之(zhi)大常(chang)。”是(shi)也。）缁(zi)广充幅(fu)(fu)长(zhang)(zhang)寻曰(yue)，（帛(bo)全(quan)幅(fu)(fu)长(zhang)(zhang)八(ba)尺。○广，上旷，长(zhang)(zhang)，直亮(liang)。）继曰(yue)旆(pei)，（帛(bo)续(xu)末，为燕尾者。义见(jian)《诗》。○音兆(zhao)。）注旄首曰(yue)旌(jing)，（载(zai)旄於(wu)竿(gan)(gan)头(tou)，如今之(zhi)幢，亦有旒(liu)(liu)(liu)。）有铃曰(yue)，（县铃於(wu)竿(gan)(gan)头(tou)，画(hua)(hua)(hua)蛟龙於(wu)旒(liu)(liu)(liu)。）错革鸟(niao)曰(yue)，（此谓合剥鸟(niao)皮毛置之(zhi)竿(gan)(gan)头(tou)。即《礼(li)(li)记》云(yun)载(zai)鸿及鸣鸢(yuan)。○，馀(yu)。）因章曰(yue)旃。（以帛(bo)练为旒(liu)(liu)(liu)，因其文章，不复画(hua)(hua)(hua)之(zhi)。《周(zhou)礼(li)(li)》云(yun)：“通(tong)帛(bo)为旃。”）旌(jing)。
【疏】“素锦(jin)”至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“旌(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)”。○释曰(yue)：此(ci)(ci)别旌(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)异名(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“素锦(jin)绸(chou)杠”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，自此(ci)(ci)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“维以(yi)(yi)(yi)缕(lv)”，说之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。绸(chou)，韬也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，杠，竿(gan)(gan)(gan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。先以(yi)(yi)(yi)白地(di)(di)锦(jin)韬之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)竿(gan)(gan)(gan)，《礼(li)记(ji)》所(suo)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)绸(chou)练(lian)(lian)设(she)夏也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)以(yi)(yi)(yi)帛(bo)(bo)著於(wu)(wu)(wu)素锦(jin)名(ming)(ming)纟(mi)(mi)(mi)参，纟(mi)(mi)(mi)参即众(zhong)(zhong)旒(liu)所(suo)著者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。升，上(shang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。又(you)(you)画(hua)(hua)白龙(long)於(wu)(wu)(wu)纟(mi)(mi)(mi)参，令上(shang)向。又(you)(you)练(lian)(lian)绛帛(bo)(bo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)旒(liu)九以(yi)(yi)(yi)著於(wu)(wu)(wu)纟(mi)(mi)(mi)参。饰旒(liu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)边，用綦(qi)组；维持其(qi)旒(liu)，使不(bu)曳地(di)(di)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)朱缕(lv)。《诗(shi)·风》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“素丝纰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”郑(zheng)笺云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“素丝者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)缕(lv)以(yi)(yi)(yi)缝纰旌(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)旗(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旒(liu)纟(mi)(mi)(mi)参，或以(yi)(yi)(yi)维持之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”郭(guo)(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“《周(zhou)(zhou)礼(li)》曰(yue)：六人维王之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)常(chang)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《夏官·节服氏职(zhi)》文(wen)(wen)。後郑(zheng)注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“维之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)缕(lv)，王旌(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)十二旒(liu)，两两以(yi)(yi)(yi)缕(lv)缀连，旁(pang)三人持之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。礼(li)：天(tian)子(zi)旌(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)曳地(di)(di)。郑(zheng)司(si)农云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：维持之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《广(guang)雅》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“天(tian)子(zi)杠高(gao)九仞(ren)，诸侯(hou)(hou)七仞(ren)，大(da)夫五(wu)仞(ren)。天(tian)子(zi)十二ヵ，至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)；诸侯(hou)(hou)九ヵ，至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)轸；卿(qing)(qing)大(da)夫七ヵ，至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)轵；士(shi)三ヵ，至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肩。”○“辎广(guang)充幅长寻曰(yue)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，缁，黑(hei)色(se)(se)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)黑(hei)色(se)(se)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)帛(bo)(bo)，广(guang)全(quan)幅，长八尺，属於(wu)(wu)(wu)杠，名(ming)(ming)。又(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)帛(bo)(bo)继续末为(wei)(wei)(wei)燕尾(wei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，名(ming)(ming)旆(pei)。郭(guo)(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“义见《诗(shi)》”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《小(xiao)雅·六月》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“白旆(pei)央央。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“注(zhu)旄(mao)首(shou)曰(yue)旌(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，李巡(xun)曰(yue)：“旄(mao)牛尾(wei)著竿(gan)(gan)(gan)首(shou)。”孙(sun)炎(yan)曰(yue)：“析(xi)五(wu)采羽注(zhu)旄(mao)上(shang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，其(qi)下亦有(you)(you)旒(liu)纟(mi)(mi)(mi)参。”郭(guo)(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“载(zai)(zai)(zai)旄(mao)於(wu)(wu)(wu)竿(gan)(gan)(gan)头(tou)，如(ru)今之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)幢，亦有(you)(you)旒(liu)。”如(ru)是(shi)(shi)(shi)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)竿(gan)(gan)(gan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)首(shou)有(you)(you)毛(mao)有(you)(you)羽也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)《周(zhou)(zhou)礼(li)·序官》“夏采”注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“夏采，夏翟(zhai)羽色(se)(se)。《禹贡(gong)》徐州贡(gong)夏翟(zhai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)羽，有(you)(you)虞氏以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)绥。後世(shi)或无(wu)，故(gu)染鸟(niao)羽象而(er)用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)夏采。”其(qi)职(zhi)注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“绥以(yi)(yi)(yi)毛(mao)牛尾(wei)为(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，绥於(wu)(wu)(wu)幢上(shang)，所(suo)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)注(zhu)旄(mao)於(wu)(wu)(wu)竿(gan)(gan)(gan)首(shou)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”○“有(you)(you)铃(ling)曰(yue)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，郭(guo)(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“县铃(ling)於(wu)(wu)(wu)竿(gan)(gan)(gan)头(tou)，画(hua)(hua)交(jiao)龙(long)於(wu)(wu)(wu)旒(liu)。”《司(si)常(chang)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“交(jiao)龙(long)为(wei)(wei)(wei)。”又(you)(you)曰(yue)：“诸侯(hou)(hou)建(jian)。”然(ran)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)画(hua)(hua)二龙(long)於(wu)(wu)(wu)上(shang)，一(yi)(yi)升一(yi)(yi)降相(xiang)交(jiao)。又(you)(you)县铃(ling)於(wu)(wu)(wu)竿(gan)(gan)(gan)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)诸侯(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)建(jian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《诗(shi)·小(xiao)雅》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“央央。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。○“错(cuo)革(ge)鸟(niao)曰(yue)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，孙(sun)炎(yan)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“错(cuo)，置(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。革(ge)，急(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。画(hua)(hua)急(ji)疾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鸟(niao)於(wu)(wu)(wu)纟(mi)(mi)(mi)参也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”郑(zheng)志答张逸亦云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“画(hua)(hua)急(ji)疾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鸟(niao)隼。”以(yi)(yi)(yi)《司(si)常(chang)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“鸟(niao)隼为(wei)(wei)(wei)。”《诗(shi)·小(xiao)雅》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“织(zhi)文(wen)(wen)鸟(niao)章”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郭(guo)(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“此(ci)(ci)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)合(he)剥鸟(niao)皮(pi)(pi)毛(mao)置(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)竿(gan)(gan)(gan)头(tou)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，意与(yu)孙(sun)、郑(zheng)少(shao)异。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“即《礼(li)记(ji)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)载(zai)(zai)(zai)鸿及鸣(ming)鸢(yuan)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案《曲礼(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“前(qian)(qian)有(you)(you)水(shui)(shui)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)载(zai)(zai)(zai)青旌(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)。前(qian)(qian)有(you)(you)尘埃，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)载(zai)(zai)(zai)鸣(ming)鸢(yuan)。前(qian)(qian)有(you)(you)车骑，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)载(zai)(zai)(zai)飞鸿。前(qian)(qian)有(you)(you)士(shi)师，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)载(zai)(zai)(zai)虎皮(pi)(pi)。前(qian)(qian)有(you)(you){手}兽(shou)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)载(zai)(zai)(zai)貔貅。”郑(zheng)注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“载(zai)(zai)(zai)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)举於(wu)(wu)(wu)旌(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)首(shou)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)警(jing)众(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。礼(li)：君行(xing)师从(cong)，卿(qing)(qing)行(xing)旅从(cong)。前(qian)(qian)驱举此(ci)(ci)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)士(shi)众(zhong)(zhong)知，所(suo)有(you)(you)所(suo)举，各以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)类象。青，青雀(que)水(shui)(shui)鸟(niao)。鸢(yuan)鸣(ming)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)将风。鸿取(qu)(qu)飞有(you)(you)行(xing)列也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。士(shi)师谓(wei)(wei)(wei)兵众(zhong)(zhong)，虎取(qu)(qu)其(qi)有(you)(you)威勇(yong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。貔貅亦{手}兽(shou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”○“因章曰(yue)旃(zhan)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，孙(sun)炎(yan)曰(yue)：“因其(qi)缯色(se)(se)以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)旗(qi)章，不(bu)画(hua)(hua)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《司(si)常(chang)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“通(tong)帛(bo)(bo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)旃(zhan)。”郑(zheng)注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“通(tong)帛(bo)(bo)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)赤，从(cong)周(zhou)(zhou)正色(se)(se)，而(er)饰。”郭(guo)(guo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“以(yi)(yi)(yi)帛(bo)(bo)练(lian)(lian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)旒(liu)，因其(qi)文(wen)(wen)章，不(bu)复画(hua)(hua)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。《周(zhou)(zhou)礼(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：通(tong)帛(bo)(bo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)旃(zhan)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)因其(qi)文(wen)(wen)章，与(yu)《周(zhou)(zhou)礼(li)》通(tong)用绛帛(bo)(bo)，随义立名(ming)(ming)，其(qi)实一(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，故(gu)引(yin)为(wei)(wei)(wei)证(zheng)。○“旌(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，九旗(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)虽(sui)异，旌(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)为(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)总称，故(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)题之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。案祭名(ming)(ming)、讲(jiang)武(wu)、旌(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，俱非天(tian)类，而(er)亦在此(ci)(ci)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)皆王者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)大(da)事。又(you)(you)祭名(ming)(ming)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)天(tian)曰(yue)燔柴，讲(jiang)武(wu)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)类於(wu)(wu)(wu)上(shang)帝，旌(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)日月为(wei)(wei)(wei)常(chang)。他篇不(bu)可(ke)摄，故(gu)系(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)《释天(tian)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
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