列传(chuan)第九(jiu)十(shi)一(yi) 蠕蠕 匈奴宇文莫(mo)槐
蠕蠕,东胡(hu)之苗裔(yi)也(ye),姓(xing)郁久闾(lv)(lv)氏。始神(shen)元(yuan)之末,掠骑有得一奴,发始齐眉,忘(wang)本(ben)姓(xing)名,其(qi)(qi)主字之曰(yue)木(mu)(mu)骨(gu)闾(lv)(lv)。“木(mu)(mu)骨(gu)闾(lv)(lv)”者,首秃也(ye)。木(mu)(mu)骨(gu)闾(lv)(lv)与郁久闾(lv)(lv)声相近,故后子孙因以(yi)为氏。木(mu)(mu)骨(gu)闾(lv)(lv)既壮,免奴为骑卒。穆帝(di)时(shi),坐后期当斩,亡(wang)匿广漠溪谷间(jian),收合逋逃得百余(yu)人,依纯突邻(lin)部(bu)。木(mu)(mu)骨(gu)闾(lv)(lv)死,子车鹿(lu)会雄健,始有部(bu)众,自号(hao)柔然,而(er)役属于国。后世祖以(yi)其(qi)(qi)无知(zhi),状(zhuang)类于虫,故改(gai)其(qi)(qi)号(hao)为蠕蠕。
车鹿会既为部(bu)(bu)帅(shuai),岁贡马(ma)畜(chu)、貂豽皮,冬(dong)则(ze)徙(xi)度漠南,夏则(ze)还居(ju)(ju)漠北。车鹿会死,子(zi)吐奴(nu)傀立(li)。吐奴(nu)傀死,子(zi)跋(ba)(ba)(ba)提立(li),跋(ba)(ba)(ba)提死,子(zi)地粟袁(yuan)立(li)。地粟袁(yuan)死,其部(bu)(bu)分为二,地粟袁(yuan)长子(zi)匹(pi)候(hou)跋(ba)(ba)(ba)继父居(ju)(ju)东边,次(ci)子(zi)缊(yun)纥(he)提别居(ju)(ju)西边。及(ji)(ji)(ji)昭(zhao)成崩(beng),缊(yun)纥(he)提附(fu)卫(wei)辰而贰于(yu)我。登(deng)国(guo)中(zhong)讨之(zhi)蠕蠕移部(bu)(bu)遁(dun)走,追(zhui)之(zhi),及(ji)(ji)(ji)于(yu)大碛南床山(shan)下,大破之(zhi),虏(lu)其半部(bu)(bu)。匹(pi)候(hou)跋(ba)(ba)(ba)及(ji)(ji)(ji)部(bu)(bu)帅(shuai)屋击(ji)各(ge)收余(yu)落(luo)遁(dun)走,遣长孙(sun)嵩(song)(song)及(ji)(ji)(ji)长孙(sun)肥追(zhui)之(zhi),渡(du)碛。嵩(song)(song)至平(ping)望(wang)川,大破屋击(ji),禽(qin)之(zhi),斩以(yi)徇(xun)。肥至涿邪山(shan),及(ji)(ji)(ji)匹(pi)候(hou)跋(ba)(ba)(ba),跋(ba)(ba)(ba)举落(luo)请降(jiang)。获缊(yun)纥(he)提子(zi)曷多(duo)汗(han)及(ji)(ji)(ji)曷多(duo)汗(han)兄诘归之(zhi)、社仑(lun)、斛律等(deng)并宗党数百人,分配诸部(bu)(bu)。缊(yun)纥(he)提西遁(dun),将归卫(wei)辰,太(tai)祖追(zhui)之(zhi),至跋(ba)(ba)(ba)那山(shan),缊(yun)纥(he)提复降(jiang),太(tai)祖抚慰如(ru)旧(jiu)。
九年,曷多汗与(yu)社(she)仑(lun)(lun)率(lv)部众弃其(qi)父西(xi)走,长孙肥轻骑追(zhui)之(zhi)(zhi),至上郡跋(ba)(ba)(ba)那山,斩曷多汗,尽殪(yi)其(qi)众。社(she)仑(lun)(lun)与(yu)数百人奔匹(pi)(pi)候(hou)(hou)跋(ba)(ba)(ba),匹(pi)(pi)候(hou)(hou)跋(ba)(ba)(ba)处(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)南鄙,去其(qi)庭(ting)五(wu)百里,令其(qi)子(zi)四人监之(zhi)(zhi)。既(ji)(ji)而(er)社(she)仑(lun)(lun)率(lv)其(qi)私属执(zhi)匹(pi)(pi)候(hou)(hou)跋(ba)(ba)(ba)四子(zi)而(er)叛,袭(xi)匹(pi)(pi)候(hou)(hou)跋(ba)(ba)(ba)。诸(zhu)子(zi)收余众,亡依高车(che)斛律部。社(she)仑(lun)(lun)凶狡有权变,月余,乃(nai)释匹(pi)(pi)候(hou)(hou)跋(ba)(ba)(ba),归其(qi)诸(zhu)子(zi),欲聚而(er)歼(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)。密举兵袭(xi)匹(pi)(pi)候(hou)(hou)跋(ba)(ba)(ba),杀匹(pi)(pi)候(hou)(hou)跋(ba)(ba)(ba)。子(zi)启拔(ba)、吴颉等十五(wu)人归于太祖。社(she)仑(lun)(lun)既(ji)(ji)杀匹(pi)(pi)候(hou)(hou)跋(ba)(ba)(ba),惧王师讨之(zhi)(zhi),乃(nai)掠(lve)五(wu)原以西(xi)诸(zhu)部,北度(du)大(da)漠。太祖以拔(ba)、颉为安远将军(jun)(jun)、平(ping)侯。社(she)仑(lun)(lun)与(yu)姚兴和(he)亲(qin)。太祖遣材(cai)官将军(jun)(jun)和(he)突(tu)袭(xi)黜弗、素(su)古延(yan)诸(zhu)部,社(she)仑(lun)(lun)遣骑救(jiu)素(su)古延(yan),突(tu)逆击破之(zhi)(zhi)。
社(she)仑远(yuan)遁(dun)漠(mo)北,侵高车(che),深(shen)入其(qi)(qi)地(di),遂并(bing)诸部,凶(xiong)势(shi)益(yi)振(zhen)。北徙弱洛水(shui),始立军法(fa):千人(ren)为(wei)军,军置(zhi)将一人(ren),百(bai)人(ren)为(wei)幢,幢置(zhi)帅一人(ren);先(xian)登者赐以(yi)虏(lu)获,退懦者以(yi)石击首杀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),或临(lin)(lin)时捶(chui)挞。无(wu)文记,将帅以(yi)羊(yang)屎粗(cu)计兵数,后(hou)颇(po)知刻木为(wei)记。其(qi)(qi)西(xi)(xi)北有(you)匈奴(nu)余种,国尤富强(qiang),部帅曰拔(ba)也(ye)稽,举兵击社(she)仑,社(she)仑逆战于(yu)頞根(gen)河,大(da)破之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),后(hou)尽(jin)为(wei)社(she)仑所并(bing)。号(hao)(hao)为(wei)强(qiang)盛。随水(shui)草畜(chu)牧,其(qi)(qi)西(xi)(xi)则(ze)(ze)(ze)焉耆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di),东则(ze)(ze)(ze)朝鲜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di),北则(ze)(ze)(ze)渡(du)沙(sha)漠(mo),穷瀚海,南(nan)则(ze)(ze)(ze)临(lin)(lin)大(da)碛(qi)。其(qi)(qi)常所会庭(ting)则(ze)(ze)(ze)敦煌、张(zhang)掖之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)北。小国皆苦(ku)其(qi)(qi)寇抄,羁(ji)縻附(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),于(yu)是自号(hao)(hao)丘豆伐可汗(han)。“丘豆伐”犹(you)魏言驾(jia)驭开(kai)张(zhang)也(ye),“可汗(han)”犹(you)魏言皇帝(di)也(ye)。蠕(ru)蠕(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)俗,君(jun)及大(da)臣(chen)因其(qi)(qi)行(xing)能(neng)即为(wei)称号(hao)(hao),若(ruo)中(zhong)国立谥,既死之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),不(bu)复追称。太祖谓尚书崔玄伯曰:“蠕(ru)蠕(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren),昔来号(hao)(hao)为(wei)顽(wan)嚣(xiao),每来抄掠,驾(jia)牸牛(niu)奔(ben)遁(dun),驱犍(jian)牛(niu)随之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),牸牛(niu)伏不(bu)能(neng)前。异(yi)部人(ren)有(you)教其(qi)(qi)以(yi)犍(jian)牛(niu)易之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者,蠕(ru)蠕(ru)曰‘其(qi)(qi)母尚不(bu)能(neng)行(xing),而况(kuang)其(qi)(qi)子(zi)’,终于(yu)不(bu)易,遂为(wei)敌所虏(lu)。今社(she)仑学中(zhong)国,立法(fa)置(zhi)战陈,卒(zu)成(cheng)边(bian)害。道家言圣(sheng)人(ren)生,大(da)盗起,信矣。”
天(tian)兴五年(nian)(nian),社(she)仑(lun)(lun)闻太祖征姚兴,遂(sui)犯(fan)塞,入参(can)合陂,南(nan)至豺山及善无北泽。时(shi)遣常山王遵以万骑追(zhui)之,不及。天(tian)赐中,社(she)仑(lun)(lun)从弟(di)悦代、大(da)那(nei)(nei)等(deng)谋杀社(she)仑(lun)(lun)而立大(da)那(nei)(nei),发觉(jue),大(da)那(nei)(nei)等(deng)来奔。以大(da)那(nei)(nei)为(wei)冠军(jun)将军(jun)、西(xi)平侯,悦代为(wei)越骑校尉、易阳子。三(san)年(nian)(nian)夏,社(she)仑(lun)(lun)寇边,永兴元年(nian)(nian)冬,又犯(fan)塞。二年(nian)(nian),太宗讨之,社(she)仑(lun)(lun)遁走,道死(si)。其子度拔年(nian)(nian)少,未能御(yu)众,部落(luo)立社(she)仑(lun)(lun)弟(di)斛(hu)律,号蔼苦(ku)盖(gai)可汗,魏(wei)言姿(zi)质美好也。
斛(hu)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)北并贺术也骨国,东破譬历辰部落。三年,斛(hu)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)宗人(ren)悦侯咄触千等数百(bai)人(ren)来降。斛(hu)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)畏威自守,不敢南侵,北边安静。神瑞(rui)元年,与冯跋和(he)亲,跋聘(pin)斛(hu)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)女为(wei)妻(qi),将(jiang)为(wei)交婚。斛(hu)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)长兄子步(bu)鹿(lu)真谓(wei)斛(hu)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)曰:“女小远(yuan)适,忧思(si)生疾,可(ke)遣大臣树黎(li)(li)、勿(wu)地延等女为(wei)媵。”斛(hu)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)不许。步(bu)鹿(lu)真出(chu),谓(wei)树黎(li)(li)等曰:“斛(hu)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)欲令汝(ru)女为(wei)媵,远(yuan)至他(ta)国。”黎(li)(li)遂共结(jie)谋,令勇士夜(ye)就斛(hu)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)穹(qiong)庐(lu),候伺其出(chu)执之(zhi),与女俱嫔于和(he)龙。乃立步(bu)鹿(lu)真。
步鹿(lu)(lu)真立(li),委政树黎。初,高车(che)叱(chi)洛(luo)侯者叛其渠帅,导社仑破诸(zhu)部(bu)落,社仑德之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以为(wei)大人。步鹿(lu)(lu)真与社仑子(zi)社拔共至叱(chi)洛(luo)侯家,淫(yin)其少妻(qi)。妻(qi)告(gao)步鹿(lu)(lu)真,叱(chi)洛(luo)侯欲举大檀为(wei)主,遗大檀金马勒为(wei)信。步鹿(lu)(lu)真闻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),归发八千骑往围叱(chi)洛(luo)侯,叱(chi)洛(luo)侯焚(fen)其珍宝(bao),自(zi)刎而死,步鹿(lu)(lu)真遂掩大檀,大檀发军执(zhi)步鹿(lu)(lu)真及(ji)社拔,绞杀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),乃自(zi)立(li)。
大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)檀(tan)(tan)(tan)者,社仑(lun)季父仆浑之(zhi)子(zi),先(xian)统别(bie)部,镇于西界(jie),能得(de)众心,国人(ren)推(tui)戴之(zhi),号牟汗纥升盖可汗,魏言(yan)制胜也。斛律父子(zi)既至(zhi)龙(long),冯跋封为上谷侯(hou)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)檀(tan)(tan)(tan)率众南徙犯塞(sai),太宗亲讨(tao)之(zhi),大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)檀(tan)(tan)(tan)惧(ju)而(er)遁走。遣山阳侯(hou)奚(xi)斤等追之(zhi),遇寒雪,士(shi)众冻死堕指者十二三。及太宗崩,世(shi)(shi)祖(zu)即位,大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)檀(tan)(tan)(tan)闻而(er)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)喜(xi),始(shi)光元(yuan)年(nian)秋(qiu),乃(nai)寇云中。世(shi)(shi)祖(zu)亲讨(tao)之(zhi),三日(ri)二夜(ye)至(zhi)云中。大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)檀(tan)(tan)(tan)骑围世(shi)(shi)祖(zu)五(wu)十余(yu)重,骑逼马首(shou),相次(ci)(ci)如堵焉。士(shi)卒大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)惧(ju),世(shi)(shi)祖(zu)颜色自若,众情(qing)乃(nai)安。先(xian)是,大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)檀(tan)(tan)(tan)弟大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)那(nei)与社仑(lun)争国,败而(er)来奔(ben)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)檀(tan)(tan)(tan)以大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)那(nei)子(zi)于陟斤为部帅,军士(shi)射于陟斤杀之(zhi),大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)檀(tan)(tan)(tan)恐,乃(nai)还(hai)。二年(nian),世(shi)(shi)祖(zu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)举征之(zhi),东西五(wu)道并(bing)进:平阳王长(zhang)孙(sun)翰等从黑(hei)漠(mo),汝(ru)阴公长(zhang)孙(sun)道生从白黑(hei)两漠(mo)间(jian),车驾从中道,东平公娥清(qing)次(ci)(ci)西从栗园(yuan),宜(yi)城(cheng)王奚(xi)斤、将军安原(yuan)等西道从尔寒山。诸军至(zhi)漠(mo)南,舍辎重,轻骑赍十五(wu)日(ri)粮,绝(jue)漠(mo)讨(tao)之(zhi),大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)檀(tan)(tan)(tan)部落骇惊北(bei)走。神元(yuan)年(nian)八(ba)月(yue)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)檀(tan)(tan)(tan)遣子(zi)将骑万余(yu)人(ren)入塞(sai),杀掠边人(ren)而(er)走。附国高车追击破(po)之(zhi)。自广宁还(hai),追之(zhi)不及。
二年四(si)月,世(shi)(shi)(shi)祖(zu)练兵(bing)于(yu)南(nan)(nan)郊,将袭大(da)檀(tan)。公卿大(da)臣皆不(bu)愿行,术土张渊(yuan)、徐辩以天(tian)文说止世(shi)(shi)(shi)祖(zu),世(shi)(shi)(shi)祖(zu)从崔浩计(ji)而行。会(hui)江南(nan)(nan)使还(hai),称刘义隆欲犯(fan)河南(nan)(nan),谓(wei)行人(ren)曰:“汝疾还(hai)告魏(wei)主,归我河南(nan)(nan)地,即当罢兵(bing),不(bu)然尽我将士之力。”世(shi)(shi)(shi)祖(zu)闻(wen)而大(da)笑,告公卿曰:“龟(gui)鳖小竖,自救不(bu)暇(xia),何能为也。就使能来,若不(bu)先灭(mie)蠕蠕,便更坐待寇(kou)至(zhi),腹背受敌,非(fei)上策(ce)也。吾行决(jue)矣。”于(yu)是车(che)(che)驾出东(dong)道(dao)向(xiang)黑山(shan),平(ping)阳王长孙翰(han)从西(xi)(xi)(xi)道(dao)向(xiang)大(da)娥山(shan),同会(hui)贼庭。五(wu)月,次于(yu)沙漠南(nan)(nan),舍辎重轻袭之,至(zhi)栗(li)水,大(da)檀(tan)众西(xi)(xi)(xi)奔。弟(di)匹(pi)黎先典东(dong)落,将赴大(da)檀(tan),遇翰(han)军(jun)(jun)(jun),翰(han)纵骑击之,杀其(qi)大(da)人(ren)数(shu)百。大(da)檀(tan)闻(wen)之震(zhen)怖,将其(qi)族党,焚烧庐(lu)舍,绝(jue)迹(ji)西(xi)(xi)(xi)走,莫(mo)知所至(zhi)。于(yu)是国落四(si)散,窜(cuan)伏山(shan)谷,畜产布野,无人(ren)收视。世(shi)(shi)(shi)祖(zu)缘栗(li)水西(xi)(xi)(xi)行,过汉将窦(dou)宪故(gu)垒。六月,车(che)(che)驾次于(yu)免(mian)园水,去平(ping)城三(san)千(qian)七(qi)百里。分军(jun)(jun)(jun)搜(sou)讨(tao),东(dong)至(zhi)瀚海,西(xi)(xi)(xi)接张掖水,北(bei)(bei)渡燕然山(shan),东(dong)西(xi)(xi)(xi)五(wu)千(qian)余(yu)里,南(nan)(nan)北(bei)(bei)三(san)千(qian)里。高车(che)(che)诸部(bu)杀大(da)檀(tan)种类,前后(hou)归降三(san)十(shi)(shi)余(yu)万,俘(fu)获(huo)首虏及戎马百余(yu)万匹(pi)。八月,世(shi)(shi)(shi)祖(zu)闻(wen)东(dong)部(bu)高车(che)(che)屯已(yi)尼(ni)陂,人(ren)畜甚(shen)众,去官(guan)军(jun)(jun)(jun)千(qian)余(yu)里。遂遣左仆(pu)射(she)安原等往讨(tao)之。暨已(yi)尼(ni)陂,高车(che)(che)诸部(bu)望军(jun)(jun)(jun)降者数(shu)十(shi)(shi)万。
大(da)檀部落衰(shuai)弱,因发疾而(er)(er)死,子吴(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)提(ti)(ti)立(li),号敕连可汗(han),魏言神圣也(ye)。四(si)年(nian),遣(qian)使朝(chao)献(xian)。先是,北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)鄙候骑获(huo)吴(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)提(ti)(ti)南(nan)偏逻者二(er)十(shi)余(yu)人(ren),世祖赐之(zhi)(zhi)衣服,遣(qian)归(gui)。吴(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)提(ti)(ti)上(shang)下感德(de),故朝(chao)贡焉。世祖厚(hou)宾(bin)其(qi)(qi)(qi)使而(er)(er)遣(qian)之(zhi)(zhi)。延(yan)和三年(nian)二(er)月,以吴(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)提(ti)(ti)尚(shang)西(xi)海公(gong)主(zhu),又遣(qian)使人(ren)纳吴(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)提(ti)(ti)妹为(wei)夫人(ren),又进为(wei)左(zuo)昭仪。吴(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)提(ti)(ti)遣(qian)其(qi)(qi)(qi)兄秃鹿(lu)傀及(ji)(ji)左(zuo)右数百人(ren)来朝(chao),献(xian)马二(er)千匹(pi),世祖大(da)悦,班(ban)赐甚厚(hou)。至(zhi)(zhi)太延(yan)二(er)年(nian),乃绝和犯塞(sai)。四(si)年(nian),车(che)驾(jia)(jia)(jia)幸(xing)五(wu)(wu)原(yuan),遂(sui)征之(zhi)(zhi)。乐平王(wang)(wang)丕、河(he)东公(gong)贺多罗督(du)十(shi)五(wu)(wu)将出(chu)东道,永(yong)昌王(wang)(wang)健、宜都王(wang)(wang)穆(mu)寿(shou)督(du)十(shi)五(wu)(wu)将出(chu)西(xi)道,车(che)驾(jia)(jia)(jia)出(chu)中(zhong)道。至(zhi)(zhi)浚稽山(shan),分中(zhong)道复为(wei)二(er)道,陈留(liu)王(wang)(wang)崇从(cong)大(da)泽向(xiang)涿邪山(shan),车(che)驾(jia)(jia)(jia)从(cong)浚稽北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)向(xiang)天山(shan)。西(xi)登白阜,刻石(shi)(shi)记行,不见蠕(ru)蠕(ru)而(er)(er)还(hai)。时漠(mo)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)旱,无(wu)水草(cao),军马多死。五(wu)(wu)年(nian),车(che)驾(jia)(jia)(jia)西(xi)伐沮(ju)渠牧犍(jian),宜都王(wang)(wang)穆(mu)寿(shou)辅景穆(mu)居守(shou),长乐王(wang)(wang)嵇敬(jing)、建宁(ning)要王(wang)(wang)崇二(er)万人(ren)镇漠(mo)南(nan),以备蠕(ru)蠕(ru)。吴(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)提(ti)(ti)果犯塞(sai)寿(shou)素(su)不设备,贼至(zhi)(zhi)七介山(shan),京邑大(da)骇,争奔中(zhong)城。司空长孙(sun)道生(sheng)拒之(zhi)(zhi)于吐(tu)颓山(shan)。吴(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)提(ti)(ti)之(zhi)(zhi)寇(kou)也(ye),留(liu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)兄乞(qi)列(lie)归(gui)与北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)镇诸军相(xiang)守(shou),敬(jing)、崇等破乞(qi)列(lie)归(gui)于阴山(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei),获(huo)之(zhi)(zhi)。乞(qi)列(lie)归(gui)叹曰:“沮(ju)渠陷我也(ye)。”获(huo)其(qi)(qi)(qi)伯父他(ta)吾无(wu)鹿(lu)胡及(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)将帅五(wu)(wu)百人(ren),斩首万余(yu)级。吴(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)提(ti)(ti)闻而(er)(er)遁(dun)走,道生(sheng)追(zhui)之(zhi)(zhi),至(zhi)(zhi)于漠(mo)南(nan)而(er)(er)还(hai)。真君四(si)年(nian),车(che)驾(jia)(jia)(jia)幸(xing)漠(mo)南(nan),分四(si)道:乐安王(wang)(wang)范、建宁(ning)王(wang)(wang)崇各统十(shi)五(wu)(wu)将出(chu)东道,乐平王(wang)(wang)督(du)十(shi)五(wu)(wu)将出(chu)西(xi)道,车(che)驾(jia)(jia)(jia)出(chu)中(zhong)道,中(zhong)山(shan)王(wang)(wang)辰(chen)领十(shi)五(wu)(wu)将为(wei)中(zhong)军后继。车(che)驾(jia)(jia)(jia)至(zhi)(zhi)鹿(lu)浑谷(gu),与贼将遇(yu),吴(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)提(ti)(ti)遁(dun)走,追(zhui)至(zhi)(zhi)頞根河(he),击(ji)破之(zhi)(zhi)。车(che)驾(jia)(jia)(jia)至(zhi)(zhi)石(shi)(shi)水而(er)(er)还(hai)。五(wu)(wu)年(nian),复幸(xing)漠(mo)南(nan),欲(yu)袭(xi)吴(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)提(ti)(ti),吴(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)提(ti)(ti)远遁(dun),乃还(hai)。”
吴(wu)提死,子吐(tu)贺真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)立,号处可汗,魏言唯也。十年(nian)正月(yue),车(che)驾北(bei)伐,高昌王(wang)那(nei)出(chu)(chu)东道(dao),略阳王(wang)羯(jie)兒出(chu)(chu)西道(dao),车(che)驾与(yu)景(jing)穆(mu)自(zi)中道(dao)出(chu)(chu)涿(zhuo)邪(xie)山。吐(tu)贺真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)别(bie)部帅尔绵他(ta)拔等率千(qian)(qian)余家来(lai)降。是时,军(jun)(jun)行数(shu)(shu)千(qian)(qian)里,吐(tu)贺真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)新立,恐惧远(yuan)遁(dun)。九月(yue),车(che)贺北(bei)伐,高昌王(wang)那(nei)出(chu)(chu)东道(dao),略阳王(wang)羯(jie)兒出(chu)(chu)中道(dao),与(yu)诸军(jun)(jun)期(qi)会于地弗(fu)池(chi)。吐(tu)贺真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)悉国精(jing)锐(rui),军(jun)(jun)资甚盛,围(wei)那(nei)数(shu)(shu)十重,那(nei)掘长闱坚守(shou),相持(chi)数(shu)(shu)日(ri)。吐(tu)贺真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)数(shu)(shu)挑战,辄不利,以(yi)那(nei)众(zhong)少(shao)而固,疑大军(jun)(jun)将至,解围(wei)夜遁(dun)。那(nei)引军(jun)(jun)追之,九日(ri)九夜,吐(tu)贺真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)益(yi)惧,弃辎重,逾(yu)穹隆岭远(yuan)遁(dun)。那(nei)收其辎重,引军(jun)(jun)还,与(yu)车(che)驾会于广(guang)泽。略阳王(wang)羯(jie)兒尽收其人户畜(chu)产百余万。自(zi)是吐(tu)贺真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)遂单弱,远(yuan)窜,边(bian)疆息警矣。太(tai)安四年(nian),车(che)驾北(bei)征(zheng)(zheng),骑十万,车(che)十五(wu)万两,旌旗千(qian)(qian)里,遂渡大漠(mo)。吐(tu)贺真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)远(yuan)遁(dun),其莫(mo)弗(fu)乌朱驾颓率众(zhong)数(shu)(shu)千(qian)(qian)落(luo)来(lai)降,乃刊石记功而还。世祖(zu)征(zheng)(zheng)伐之后,意存(cun)休息,蠕蠕亦(yi)怖威北(bei)窜,不敢复(fu)南。
和平五年(nian)(nian),吐贺(he)真死,子予(yu)成立,号受罗部真可汗(han),魏言惠也(ye)(ye)。自(zi)称永康元年(nian)(nian),率部侵塞(sai),北(bei)镇游军(jun)大破其众(zhong)(zhong)。皇(huang)兴四年(nian)(nian),予(yu)成犯(fan)塞(sai),车驾北(bei)讨。京兆王子推、东(dong)阳公元丕(pi)督诸军(jun)出西道(dao),任城王云等(deng)(deng)督军(jun)出东(dong)道(dao),汝阴王赐、济(ji)南公罗乌拔督军(jun)为(wei)前锋,陇西王源贺(he)督诸军(jun)为(wei)后(hou)继(ji)。诸将(jiang)会车驾于女(nv)水之滨,显祖亲誓众(zhong)(zhong),诏诸将(jiang)曰:“用兵(bing)在奇不在众(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)(ye),卿等(deng)(deng)为(wei)朕力战,方(fang)略已(yi)在朕心。”乃选(xuan)精(jing)兵(bing)五千人(ren)挑战,多设奇兵(bing)以惑之。虏众(zhong)(zhong)奔溃,逐北(bei)三十余里,斩首五万(wan)级(ji),降者万(wan)余人(ren),戎(rong)马器械(xie)不可称计。旬有(you)九日(ri),往返六千余里,改女(nv)水曰武川,遂(sui)作《北(bei)征颂(song)》,刊石纪功。
延兴五(wu)年,予成求(qiu)通婚娉(ping),有司(si)以予成数犯边塞,请(qing)绝其(qi)使(shi),发兵讨之(zhi)。显祖曰(yue):“蠕(ru)蠕(ru)譬若禽兽(shou),贪而(er)(er)(er)亡义,朕要当以信诚待物,不(bu)可抑绝也。予成知(zhi)悔前非(fei),遣(qian)使(shi)请(qing)和(he),求(qiu)结(jie)姻援,安可孤其(qi)款(kuan)意?”乃诏报曰(yue):“所(suo)论婚事(shi)(shi),今始(shi)一反,寻(xun)览事(shi)(shi)理(li),未允厥中。夫(fu)男而(er)(er)(er)下女,爻(yao)象所(suo)明,初婚之(zhi)吉,敦崇礼娉(ping),君子所(suo)以重人伦之(zhi)本。不(bu)敬其(qi)初,令(ling)终难矣。”予成每怀(huai)谲(jue)诈(zha),终显祖世,更(geng)不(bu)求(qiu)婚。太和(he)元(yuan)年四月,遣(qian)莫何去汾(fen)比(bi)拔(ba)(ba)等(deng)来献良马(ma)、貂裘,比(bi)拔(ba)(ba)等(deng)称伏承天朝珍宝华(hua)丽甚(shen)积(ji),求(qiu)一观之(zhi)。乃敕有司(si)出(chu)御(yu)(yu)府珍玩(wan)金玉、文绣(xiu)器物,御(yu)(yu)厩(jiu)文马(ma)、奇(qi)禽、异兽(shou),及人间所(suo)宜用者列之(zhi)京(jing)肆,令(ling)其(qi)历(li)观焉。比(bi)拔(ba)(ba)见之(zhi),自(zi)相谓曰(yue):“大国(guo)富丽,一生所(suo)未见也。”二(er)年二(er)月,又遣(qian)比(bi)拔(ba)(ba)等(deng)朝贡(gong),寻(xun)复请(qing)婚焉。高祖志(zhi)存招纳,许之(zhi)。予成虽(sui)岁贡(gong)不(bu)绝,而(er)(er)(er)款(kuan)约不(bu)著,婚事(shi)(shi)亦停。
九(jiu)年(nian),予成死,子豆(dou)(dou)(dou)仑(lun)立,号伏古敦(dun)可汗,魏言恆(heng)也。自(zi)(zi)称(cheng)太平元年(nian)。豆(dou)(dou)(dou)仑(lun)性残暴(bao)好(hao)杀(sha),其臣(chen)侯(hou)医垔、石(shi)洛候数以(yi)忠言谏之,又劝与(yu)国(guo)通和,勿侵(qin)中(zhong)国(guo)。豆(dou)(dou)(dou)仑(lun)怒,诬石(shi)洛候谋反,杀(sha)之,夷其三族。十(shi)(shi)六年(nian)八月,高祖(zu)遣阳(yang)平王颐、左(zuo)射陆(lu)叡江为(wei)都督,领军(jun)斛律桓等(deng)十(shi)(shi)二将(jiang)七(qi)万(wan)骑(qi)讨豆(dou)(dou)(dou)仑(lun)。部内高车阿(a)伏至(zhi)罗率众十(shi)(shi)余(yu)万(wan)落(luo)西走,自(zi)(zi)立为(wei)主(zhu)。豆(dou)(dou)(dou)仑(lun)与(yu)叔父那盖(gai)(gai)为(wei)二道追之,豆(dou)(dou)(dou)仑(lun)出自(zi)(zi)浚稽山(shan)北而西,那盖(gai)(gai)出自(zi)(zi)金(jin)山(shan)。豆(dou)(dou)(dou)仑(lun)频为(wei)阿(a)伏至(zhi)罗所(suo)败,那盖(gai)(gai)累(lei)有(you)胜捷(jie)。国(guo)人咸以(yi)那盖(gai)(gai)为(wei)天所(suo)助,欲推那盖(gai)(gai)为(wei)主(zhu)。那盖(gai)(gai)不从,众强之,那盖(gai)(gai)曰:“我(wo)为(wei)臣(chen)不可,焉(yan)能为(wei)主(zhu)!”众乃杀(sha)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)仑(lun)母(mu)子,以(yi)尸(shi)示那盖(gai)(gai),那盖(gai)(gai)乃袭(xi)位。
那盖号候其(qi)仗代库者可(ke)汗,魏言悦乐(le)也。算称太安元年(nian)(nian)。那盖死,子伏图立(li),号他汗可(ke)汗,魏言绪也。自称始平元年(nian)(nian)。正始三年(nian)(nian),仗图遣使(shi)纥(he)奚勿(wu)(wu)六(liu)跋(ba)朝(chao)献(xian),请求通(tong)和(he)。世(shi)宗不报其(qi)使(shi),诏有(you)司敕勿(wu)(wu)六(liu)跋(ba)曰(yue):“蠕(ru)蠕(ru)远祖社仑(lun)是大魏叛臣(chen),往者包容,暂(zan)时通(tong)使(shi)。今(jin)蠕(ru)蠕(ru)衰微(wei),有(you)损(sun)畴日(ri),大魏之德,方隆周汉,跨据中原,指清(qing)八表(biao)。正以(yi)江南未(wei)平,权宽(kuan)北掠(lve),通(tong)和(he)之事,未(wei)容相许。若修籓(fan)礼,款诚昭著(zhu)者,当不孤(gu)尔也。”永平元年(nian)(nian),伏图又遣勿(wu)(wu)六(liu)跋(ba)奉函书一封(feng),并(bing)献(xian)貂裘,世(shi)宗不纳,依前(qian)喻遣。
伏图西(xi)征(zheng)(zheng)高车(che),为高车(che)王弥(mi)俄突所杀(sha)(sha),子丑奴(nu)立,号(hao)豆(dou)罗伏跋(ba)豆(dou)伐可汗(han),魏(wei)言彰制也。自称建昌元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)。永平四年(nian)(nian)(nian)九月,丑奴(nu)遣沙门洪宣(xuan)奉献珠像。延昌三年(nian)(nian)(nian)冬(dong),世宗遣骁骑将军马(ma)义舒(shu)使(shi)(shi)于(yu)丑奴(nu),未发而崩,事遂(sui)停(ting)寝(qin)。丑奴(nu)壮健(jian),善用兵。四年(nian)(nian)(nian),遣使(shi)(shi)俟斤尉比(bi)建朝贡。熙平元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian),西(xi)征(zheng)(zheng)高车(che)大破之,禽其王弥(mi)俄突,杀(sha)(sha)之,尽(jin)并(bing)叛者,国遂(sui)强盛。二年(nian)(nian)(nian),又遣俟斤尉比(bi)建、纥奚勿(wu)六跋(ba)、巩顾礼等朝贡。神龟(gui)元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)二月,肃宗临显阳殿,引顾礼等二十人于(yu)殿下,遣中书舍人徐(xu)纥宣(xuan)诏,让(rang)以蠕蠕籓礼不备之意。
初,豆仑(lun)之(zhi)(zhi)死(si)也,那盖为(wei)主,伏图纳豆仑(lun)之(zhi)(zhi)妻候吕(lv)陵氏,生丑(chou)(chou)奴(nu)(nu),阿那瑰等(deng)六人(ren)。丑(chou)(chou)奴(nu)(nu)立后(hou),忽(hu)亡一子,字祖(zu)惠(hui)(hui)(hui),求募不(bu)能(neng)得。有屋引副升(sheng)牟妻是豆浑地万,年二十(shi)许(xu),为(wei)医巫,假托神鬼(gui),先常(chang)为(wei)丑(chou)(chou)奴(nu)(nu)所(suo)信(xin)(xin),出入去来(lai),乃言(yan)(yan)(yan)此兒今在(zai)(zai)天(tian)上,我(wo)能(neng)呼得。丑(chou)(chou)奴(nu)(nu)母(mu)(mu)子欣悦,后(hou)岁(sui)(sui)仲秋,在(zai)(zai)大泽中施帐(zhang)屋,斋洁七日(ri),祈请(qing)天(tian)上。经一宿,祖(zu)惠(hui)(hui)(hui)忽(hu)在(zai)(zai)帐(zhang)中,自云恆在(zai)(zai)天(tian)上。丑(chou)(chou)奴(nu)(nu)母(mu)(mu)子抱之(zhi)(zhi)悲喜,大会国(guo)人(ren),号地万为(wei)圣(sheng)女,纳为(wei)可(ke)贺敦,授夫副升(sheng)牟爵位,赐牛马羊三千头。地万既挟左道,亦有姿色,丑(chou)(chou)奴(nu)(nu)甚加重爱(ai),信(xin)(xin)用(yong)其(qi)言(yan)(yan)(yan),乱其(qi)国(guo)政。如(ru)是积(ji)岁(sui)(sui),祖(zu)惠(hui)(hui)(hui)年长(zhang),其(qi)母(mu)(mu)问之(zhi)(zhi),神惠(hui)(hui)(hui)言(yan)(yan)(yan):“我(wo)恆在(zai)(zai)地万家,不(bu)尝上天(tian),上天(tian)者地万教(jiao)也。”其(qi)母(mu)(mu)具以(yi)状告丑(chou)(chou)奴(nu)(nu),丑(chou)(chou)奴(nu)(nu)言(yan)(yan)(yan):“地万悬鉴远事,不(bu)可(ke)不(bu)信(xin)(xin),勿用(yong)谗(chan)言(yan)(yan)(yan)也。”既而(er)地万恐惧,谮祖(zu)惠(hui)(hui)(hui)于(yu)丑(chou)(chou)奴(nu)(nu),丑(chou)(chou)奴(nu)(nu)阴(yin)杀(sha)之(zhi)(zhi)。
正光初,丑奴(nu)母(mu)遣莫何(he)去汾李具(ju)列等(deng)绞(jiao)杀(sha)地万,丑奴(nu)怒(nu),欲诛具(ju)列等(deng)。又阿(a)至罗侵(qin)丑奴(nu),丑奴(nu)击之(zhi),军败。还,为母(mu)与其(qi)大臣所(suo)杀(sha),立丑奴(nu)弟阿(a)那(nei)瑰(gui)。立经十日,其(qi)族兄俟力(li)发(fa)示(shi)发(fa)率众(zhong)数万以伐阿(a)那(nei)瑰(gui),阿(a)那(nei)瑰(gui)战败,将(jiang)弟乙(yi)居伐轻骑南走归国。阿(a)那(nei)瑰(gui)母(mu)候吕陵(ling)氏及其(qi)二弟寻为示(shi)发(fa)所(suo)杀(sha),而阿(a)那(nei)瑰(gui)未之(zhi)知也。
九月(yue),阿(a)(a)(a)那(nei)瑰(gui)将至,肃宗(zong)遣(qian)兼侍(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)陆希道为使(shi)(shi)主(zhu),兼散骑常侍(shi)孟威为使(shi)(shi)副,迎劳近畿(ji);使(shi)(shi)司(si)空公(gong)(gong)、京兆王(wang)(wang)继(ji)至北中(zhong)(zhong),侍(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)崔光、黄门郎元纂在(zai)近郊,并申宴劳,引至门阙(que)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)。十月(yue),肃宗(zong)临(lin)(lin)显阳殿(dian),引从(cong)五(wu)品以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上清官(guan)、皇宗(zong)、籓(fan)国使(shi)(shi)客等列于(yu)(yu)殿(dian)庭(ting),王(wang)(wang)公(gong)(gong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)及(ji)阿(a)(a)(a)那(nei)瑰(gui)等入,就庭(ting)中(zhong)(zhong)北面。位(wei)定(ding),谒者引王(wang)(wang)公(gong)(gong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)升(sheng)殿(dian),阿(a)(a)(a)那(nei)瑰(gui)位(wei)于(yu)(yu)籓(fan)王(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia),又引将命(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)官(guan)阿(a)(a)(a)那(nei)瑰(gui)弟并二叔(shu)位(wei)于(yu)(yu)群(qun)官(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)。遣(qian)中(zhong)(zhong)书舍(she)(she)人(ren)曹道宣(xuan)诏(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)劳问,阿(a)(a)(a)那(nei)瑰(gui)启(qi)云:“陛(bi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)优隆,命(ming)(ming)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)弟叔(shu)等升(sheng)殿(dian)预会,但臣(chen)(chen)(chen)有(you)(you)(you)从(cong)兄,在(zai)北之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日(ri)(ri),官(guan)高于(yu)(yu)二叔(shu),乞(qi)命(ming)(ming)升(sheng)殿(dian)。”诏(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)听之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),乃(nai)(nai)位(wei)于(yu)(yu)阿(a)(a)(a)那(nei)瑰(gui)弟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia),二叔(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上。宴将罢(ba),阿(a)(a)(a)那(nei)瑰(gui)执(zhi)启(qi)立于(yu)(yu)座后,诏(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)遣(qian)舍(she)(she)人(ren)常景问所欲言(yan),阿(a)(a)(a)那(nei)瑰(gui)求(qiu)诣殿(dian)前,诏(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)引之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。阿(a)(a)(a)那(nei)瑰(gui)再拜跽曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“臣(chen)(chen)(chen)先(xian)世(shi)源由,出于(yu)(yu)大(da)魏。”诏(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“朕已具(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”阿(a)(a)(a)那(nei)瑰(gui)起而(er)言(yan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“臣(chen)(chen)(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)先(xian),逐草放牧,遂(sui)居(ju)漠北。”诏(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“卿(qing)言(yan)未(wei)(wei)尽,可具(ju)陈(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”阿(a)(a)(a)那(nei)瑰(gui)又言(yan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“臣(chen)(chen)(chen)先(xian)祖以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)来,世(shi)居(ju)北土,虽复隔越山津,而(er)乃(nai)(nai)心(xin)慕化;未(wei)(wei)能时(shi)(shi)宣(xuan)者,正以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)高车(che)悖逆(ni),臣(chen)(chen)(chen)国扰攘,不(bu)暇(xia)遣(qian)使(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)宣(xuan)远诚(cheng)。自顷年以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)前,渐(jian)定(ding)高车(che)。及(ji)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)兄为主(zhu),故(gu)遣(qian)巩顾(gu)礼等使(shi)(shi)来大(da)魏,实(shi)欲虔(qian)修籓(fan)礼,是以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)曹道芝北使(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日(ri)(ri),臣(chen)(chen)(chen)与(yu)主(zhu)兄即遣(qian)大(da)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)五(wu)人(ren)拜受(shou)诏(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)命(ming)(ming)。臣(chen)(chen)(chen)兄弟本心(xin)未(wei)(wei)及(ji)上彻。但高车(che)从(cong)而(er)侵暴,中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)奸(jian)臣(chen)(chen)(chen),因乱作逆(ni),杀臣(chen)(chen)(chen)兄,立臣(chen)(chen)(chen)为主(zhu)。裁过旬日(ri)(ri),臣(chen)(chen)(chen)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)陛(bi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)恩慈(ci)如天(tian),是故(gu)仓卒轻身投国,归命(ming)(ming)陛(bi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)。”诏(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“具(ju)卿(qing)所陈(chen),理犹(you)未(wei)(wei)尽,可更(geng)言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”阿(a)(a)(a)那(nei)瑰(gui)再拜受(shou)诏(zhao)(zhao)(zhao),起而(er)言(yan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“臣(chen)(chen)(chen)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)家难(nan)(nan),轻来投阙(que),老母(mu)(mu)在(zai)彼(bi),万里分张,本民臣(chen)(chen)(chen)民,皆已进散。陛(bi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)隆恩。有(you)(you)(you)过天(tian)地(di),求(qiu)乞(qi)兵(bing)(bing)马(ma),还向本国,诛翦叛逆(ni),收集亡散。陛(bi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)慈(ci)念,赐(ci)借兵(bing)(bing)马(ma)。老母(mu)(mu)若(ruo)在(zai),得生相(xiang)见,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)申母(mu)(mu)子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)恩;如其死也,即得报仇,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)雪大(da)耻。臣(chen)(chen)(chen)当统临(lin)(lin)余人(ren),奉事(shi)陛(bi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia),四时(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)贡,不(bu)敢(gan)阙(que)绝。陛(bi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)圣(sheng)颜难(nan)(nan)睹,敢(gan)有(you)(you)(you)披(pi)陈(chen),但所欲言(yan)者口不(bu)能尽言(yan),别有(you)(you)(you)辞启(qi),谨以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)仰呈,愿(yuan)垂昭(zhao)览。”仍以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)启(qi)付舍(she)(she)人(ren)常景,具(ju)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)奏(zou)闻。寻(xun)封阿(a)(a)(a)那(nei)瑰(gui)朔方郡公(gong)(gong)、蠕(ru)蠕(ru)王(wang)(wang),赐(ci)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)衣冕,加之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)轺盖,禄从(cong)、仪卫,同于(yu)(yu)戚(qi)籓(fan)。
十(shi)二(er)(er)(er)月,肃宗(zong)以(yi)阿那(nei)瑰(gui)(gui)国无定主,思还绥(sui)集,启请切(qie)至,诏议之(zhi)。时朝臣意有(you)同(tong)异,或言听还,或言不可。领(ling)(ling)军元乂为(wei)宰(zai)相,阿那(nei)瑰(gui)(gui)私(si)以(yi)金(jin)百(bai)斤货(huo)之(zhi),遂(sui)归北。二(er)(er)(er)年正月,阿那(nei)瑰(gui)(gui)等五(wu)(wu)(wu)十(shi)四人请辞,肃宗(zong)临西堂,引见阿那(nei)瑰(gui)(gui)及(ji)其伯叔兄弟五(wu)(wu)(wu)人,升阶赐(ci)坐,遣中(zhong)书舍人穆弼(bi)宣劳。阿那(nei)瑰(gui)(gui)等拜辞,诏赐(ci)阿那(nei)瑰(gui)(gui)细明光人马(ma)铠(kai)二(er)(er)(er)具,铁人马(ma)铠(kai)六(liu)具;露(lu)丝(si)银缠槊(shuo)二(er)(er)(er)张并(bing)(bing)(bing)白眊,赤漆(qi)槊(shuo)十(shi)张并(bing)(bing)(bing)白眊,黑(hei)(hei)漆(qi)槊(shuo)十(shi)张并(bing)(bing)(bing)幡;露(lu)丝(si)弓(gong)(gong)(gong)二(er)(er)(er)张并(bing)(bing)(bing)箭,朱(zhu)漆(qi)柘弓(gong)(gong)(gong)六(liu)张并(bing)(bing)(bing)箭,黑(hei)(hei)漆(qi)弓(gong)(gong)(gong)十(shi)张并(bing)(bing)(bing)箭;黑(hei)(hei)漆(qi)盾六(liu)幡并(bing)(bing)(bing)刀;赤漆(qi)鼓(gu)角二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)具;五(wu)(wu)(wu)色(se)锦被二(er)(er)(er)领(ling)(ling),黄绸被褥三十(shi)具;私(si)府绣袍一领(ling)(ling)并(bing)(bing)(bing)帽(mao)(mao),内者(zhe)绯纳袄一领(ling)(ling);绯袍二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)领(ling)(ling)并(bing)(bing)(bing)帽(mao)(mao),内者(zhe)杂人彩千段;绯纳小口袴(ku)褶(zhe)一具,内中(zhong)宛具;紫纳大口袴(ku)褶(zhe)一具,岗中(zhong)宛具;百(bai)子帐(zhang)十(shi)八(ba)具,黄布幕六(liu)张;新(xin)乾饭一百(bai)石,麦麨(chao)八(ba)石,榛(zhen)麨(chao)五(wu)(wu)(wu)石;铜乌(wu)錥四枚,柔铁乌(wu)錥二(er)(er)(er)枚,各受二(er)(er)(er)斛;黑(hei)(hei)漆(qi)竹(zhu)榼(ke)四枚,各受二(er)(er)(er)升;婢二(er)(er)(er)口;父草马(ma)五(wu)(wu)(wu)百(bai)匹,驼百(bai)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)头,牸牛一百(bai)头,羊(yang)五(wu)(wu)(wu)千口:朱(zhu)画盘(pan)器十(shi)合(he),粟二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)万(wan)石。至镇给之(zhi)。诏侍中(zhong)崔(cui)光、黄门(men)元纂郭外劳遣。
阿那(nei)瑰(gui)来(lai)奔之(zhi)后,其(qi)(qi)从父(fu)兄俟力发婆(po)罗(luo)(luo)(luo)门卒数(shu)万(wan)人(ren)(ren)入(ru)讨(tao)示发,破(po)之(zhi)。示发走奔地豆(dou)于(yu),为(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)所杀。推婆(po)罗(luo)(luo)(luo)门为(wei)(wei)主(zhu),号弥偶可(ke)(ke)社句可(ke)(ke)汗,魏言安(an)静也。时(shi)安(an)北将军、怀朔镇(zhen)(zhen)将杨(yang)钧表:“传闻彼人(ren)(ren)已立主(zhu),是阿那(nei)瑰(gui)同堂兄弟。夷人(ren)(ren)兽心,已相(xiang)(xiang)君(jun)长,恐未肯以杀兄之(zhi)人(ren)(ren),郊迎(ying)其(qi)(qi)弟。轻往虚反,徒损国(guo)威,自非广加兵众,无以送(song)其(qi)(qi)入(ru)北。”二(er)月(yue),肃宗诏(zhao)旧经蠕蠕使(shi)者牒云(yun)具仁(ren),往喻(yu)婆(po)罗(luo)(luo)(luo)门迎(ying)阿那(nei)瑰(gui)复籓之(zhi)意。婆(po)罗(luo)(luo)(luo)门殊自骄(jiao)慢,无逊(xun)避之(zhi)心,责具仁(ren)礼敬(jing),具仁(ren)执节不(bu)屈。婆(po)罗(luo)(luo)(luo)门遣大(da)官莫(mo)何去汾、俟斤丘升头(tou)六人(ren)(ren)将兵二(er)千随(sui)具仁(ren)迎(ying)阿那(nei)瑰(gui)。五月(yue),具仁(ren)还(hai)镇(zhen)(zhen),论彼事势。阿那(nei)瑰(gui)虑不(bu)敢入(ru),表求还(hai)京。会婆(po)罗(luo)(luo)(luo)门为(wei)(wei)高车所逐,率十(shi)(shi)部落诣(yi)凉州(zhou)归(gui)降,于(yu)是蠕蠕数(shu)万(wan)相(xiang)(xiang)率迎(ying)阿那(nei)瑰(gui)。七月(yue),阿那(nei)瑰(gui)启云(yun):“投化蠕蠕元退社、浑河旃等(deng)二(er)人(ren)(ren)以今(jin)月(yue)二(er)十(shi)(shi)六日(ri)到镇(zhen)(zhen),云(yun)国(guo)土(tu)大(da)乱,姓姓别(bie)住,迭相(xiang)(xiang)抄掠,当今(jin)北人(ren)(ren)鹄(hu)望待拯。今(jin)乞依前(qian)恩,赐(ci)给精兵一万(wan),还(hai)令督(du)率送(song)臣(chen)碛北,抚定(ding)荒人(ren)(ren),脱(tuo)蒙所请,事必克济。”诏(zhao)付尚书(shu)、门下博议。八月(yue),诏(zhao)兼散骑常(chang)侍王尊业(ye)驰驿宣旨慰阿那(nei)瑰(gui),并申赐(ci)赍。
九(jiu)月,蠕蠕后主俟匿伐来奔怀朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)镇,阿(a)那(nei)瑰兄也(ye),列称(cheng)(cheng)规望乞(qi)军,并(bing)请阿(a)那(nei)瑰。十(shi)月,录尚(shang)(shang)书事(shi)高阳王雍、尚(shang)(shang)书令李(li)(li)崇、侍(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)侯刚、尚(shang)(shang)书左仆射元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)钦、侍(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)乂、侍(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)安丰王延明、吏(li)部尚(shang)(shang)书元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)修义、尚(shang)(shang)书李(li)(li)彦(yan)、给(ji)事(shi)黄门(men)侍(shi)郎(lang)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)纂、给(ji)事(shi)黄门(men)侍(shi)郎(lang)张烈、给(ji)事(shi)黄门(men)侍(shi)卢同(tong)等(deng)奏曰:“窃(qie)闻汉立南、北(bei)(bei)单于(yu),晋(jin)(jin)有(you)东、西(xi)之(zhi)称(cheng)(cheng),皆所(suo)以相(xiang)维御(yu)难(nan),为国籓(fan)篱。今臣等(deng)参(can)议以为怀朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)镇北(bei)(bei)土名(ming)无结山吐若奚泉(quan),敦煌北(bei)(bei)西(xi)海(hai)郡(jun)即汉晋(jin)(jin)旧(jiu)障(zhang),二(er)(er)处宽平,原野弥沃(wo)。阿(a)那(nei)瑰宜(yi)置西(xi)吐若奚泉(quan),婆(po)(po)(po)罗门(men)宜(yi)置西(xi)海(hai)郡(jun),各(ge)令总率部落,收离聚散。其(qi)爵(jue)号(hao)及资给(ji)所(suo)须,唯恩(en)裁处。彼(bi)臣下之(zhi)官,任其(qi)旧(jiu)俗。阿(a)那(nei)瑰所(suo)居,既是(shi)境外,宜(yi)少(shao)优遣,以示威刑。请沃(wo)野、怀朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、武川镇各(ge)差二(er)(er)百(bai)人(ren),令当镇军主监率,给(ji)其(qi)粮(liang)仗,送至前(qian)所(suo),仍(reng)于(yu)彼(bi)为其(qi)造构,功就听还。诸于(yu)北(bei)(bei)来,在(zai)婆(po)(po)(po)罗门(men)前(qian)投化者,令州镇上佐(zuo)准程给(ji)粮(liang),送诣怀朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)阿(a)那(nei)瑰,镇与(yu)使人(ren)量给(ji)食(shi)禀。在(zai)京(jing)馆(guan)者任其(qi)去留。阿(a)那(nei)瑰草创,先无储积,请给(ji)朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)州麻子乾饭二(er)(er)千斛(hu),官驼运送。婆(po)(po)(po)罗门(men)居于(yu)西(xi)海(hai),既是(shi)境内,资卫不得同(tong)之(zhi)。阿(a)那(nei)瑰等(deng)新造籓(fan)屏,宜(yi)各(ge)遣使持节(jie)驰驿先诣慰喻,并(bing)委经略。”肃宗(zong)从之(zhi)。十(shi)二(er)(er)月,诏安西(xi)将(jiang)军、廷(ting)尉元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)洪超兼(jian)尚(shang)(shang)书行台,诣敦煌安置婆(po)(po)(po)罗门(men)。婆(po)(po)(po)罗门(men)寻与(yu)部众谋叛投嚈哒,嚈哒三妻,皆婆(po)(po)(po)罗门(men)姊妹(mei)也(ye)。仍(reng)为州军所(suo)讨,禽之(zhi)。
三(san)年十(shi)二(er)月(yue),阿(a)那(nei)瑰(gui)上(shang)表乞粟以为田(tian)种,诏(zhao)给万(wan)石。四年,阿(a)那(nei)瑰(gui)众大饥(ji),入塞寂抄(chao),肃宗(zong)诏(zhao)尚(shang)(shang)书左(zuo)丞(cheng)元孚兼行台尚(shang)(shang)书持(chi)(chi)节喻之。孚见(jian)阿(a)那(nei)瑰(gui),为其所执,以孚自随,驱(qu)掠(lve)良口(kou)二(er)千,公私驿马牛羊数十(shi)万(wan)北遁,谢孚放(fang)还。诏(zhao)骠骑大将(jiang)军、尚(shang)(shang)书令李崇(chong)等(deng)率骑十(shi)万(wan)讨之,出塞三(san)千余里,至瀚海,不及而还。俟匿(ni)伐(fa)至洛(luo)阳,肃宗(zong)临(lin)西堂,引见(jian)之。五年,婆罗门死于洛(luo)南之馆(guan),诏(zhao)赠使(shi)持(chi)(chi)节、镇(zhen)西将(jiang)军、秦州刺史、广(guang)牧(mu)公。
是岁,沃野镇人破六韩(han)拔陵(ling)反(fan),诸镇相应。孝昌元年春(chun),阿那(nei)(nei)(nei)瑰率众讨之,诏(zhao)遣牒(die)云(yun)具仁赉(lai)杂物劳赐阿那(nei)(nei)(nei)瑰,阿那(nei)(nei)(nei)瑰拜受诏(zhao)命,勒众十(shi)万,从武川(chuan)镇西(xi)向沃野,频(pin)战克捷。四月(yue)(yue),肃(su)宗(zong)又(you)遣兼通直散(san)骑常侍、中书舍人冯(feng)俊使阿那(nei)(nei)(nei)瑰,宣劳班赐有(you)差。阿那(nei)(nei)(nei)瑰部(bu)(bu)落既和,士马稍盛,乃号敕连头兵(bing)豆伐可(ke)汗,魏言把揽也(ye)。十(shi)月(yue)(yue),阿那(nei)(nei)(nei)瑰复遣郁久闾弥(mi)娥等朝(chao)贡。三年四月(yue)(yue),阿那(nei)(nei)(nei)瑰遣使人巩凤景等朝(chao)贡,及(ji)还,肃(su)宗(zong)诏(zhao)之曰:“北镇群(qun)狄,为(wei)逆不息,蠕(ru)(ru)蠕(ru)(ru)主(zhu)(zhu)为(wei)国(guo)立忠,助(zhu)加诛讨,言念(nian)诚心,无忘寝食。今知(zhi)停在朔垂,与尔朱荣(rong)邻(lin)接,其(qi)严(yan)勒部(bu)(bu)曲,勿相暴掠。又(you)近得蠕(ru)(ru)蠕(ru)(ru)主(zhu)(zhu)启,更欲为(wei)国(guo)东讨。但(dan)蠕(ru)(ru)蠕(ru)(ru)主(zhu)(zhu)世居北漠,不宜炎(yan)夏,今可(ke)且(qie)停,听待后(hou)敕。”盖朝(chao)廷虑其(qi)反(fan)复也(ye)。此后(hou)频(pin)使朝(chao)贡。
建义初,孝庄诏(zhao)曰:“夫勋高者(zhe)(zhe)赏重(zhong),德厚(hou)者(zhe)(zhe)名(ming)隆(long),蠕蠕主阿那(nei)瑰(gui)镇卫北落,御(yu)侮朔(shuo)表(biao),遂使阴(yin)山息警,弱水无(wu)(wu)尘,刊(kan)迹(ji)狼(lang)山,铭(ming)功(gong)瀚海,至(zhi)诚既笃,勋绪莫(mo)酬(chou)。故宜标(biao)以(yi)(yi)殊礼(li),何容(rong)格以(yi)(yi)常(chang)式。自今以(yi)(yi)后,赞拜(bai)不(bu)言(yan)名(ming),上(shang)书(shu)不(bu)称(cheng)臣。”太昌元(yuan)年六月,阿那(nei)瑰(gui)遣(qian)(qian)乌句(ju)兰(lan)树什伐等朝(chao)贡(gong),并为(wei)长子请尚公(gong)(gong)主。永熙(xi)二年四月,出帝(di)(di)诏(zhao)以(yi)(yi)范阳(yang)王(wang)诲(hui)之(zhi)长女(nv)琅邪(xie)公(gong)(gong)主许(xu)之(zhi),未及婚,帝(di)(di)入关。齐献(xian)武(wu)王(wang)遣(qian)(qian)使说之(zhi),阿那(nei)瑰(gui)遣(qian)(qian)使朝(chao)贡(gong),求婚。献(xian)武(wu)王(wang)方招四远,以(yi)(yi)常(chang)山王(wang)妹乐安公(gong)(gong)主许(xu)之(zhi),改为(wei)兰(lan)陵(ling)公(gong)(gong)主。瑰(gui)遣(qian)(qian)奉马千匹(pi)为(wei)娉礼(li),迎公(gong)(gong)主,诏(zhao)宗正元(yuan)寿送公(gong)(gong)主往北。自是朝(chao)贡(gong)相寻。瑰(gui)以(yi)(yi)齐献(xian)武(wu)王(wang)威德日(ri)盛,请致爱女(nv)于王(wang),静帝(di)(di)诏(zhao)王(wang)纳之(zhi)。自此塞外(wai)无(wu)(wu)尘矣。
匈奴宇文莫(mo)槐,出于(yu)辽东(dong)塞外,其先南单于(yu)远(yuan)属也,世为东(dong)部大人(ren)。其语与(yu)鲜(xian)卑(bei)颇异。人(ren)皆剪发而(er)留其顶上,以为首(shou)饰(shi),长(zhang)过数寸则截短之(zhi)。妇女披(pi)长(zhang)襦及足,而(er)无裳焉。秋收鸟头为毒药,以射禽兽。
莫槐虐用其(qi)(qi)民,为(wei)部人(ren)所杀(sha),更(geng)立(li)(li)其(qi)(qi)弟(di)普拨为(wei)大(da)人(ren)。普拨死(si),子(zi)丘不(bu)勤立(li)(li),尚平文女。丘不(bu)勤死(si),子(zi)莫廆(hui)(hui)立(li)(li),本(ben)名犯太祖讳,莫廆(hui)(hui)遣弟(di)屈(qu)云攻(gong)(gong)慕(mu)容廆(hui)(hui),廆(hui)(hui)击破(po)之(zhi)(zhi);又遣别部素(su)延(yan)(yan)(yan)伐慕(mu)容廆(hui)(hui)于(yu)(yu)棘(ji)城,复为(wei)慕(mu)容廆(hui)(hui)所破(po)。时莫廆(hui)(hui)部众(zhong)(zhong)强盛,自(zi)(zi)称(cheng)单于(yu)(yu),塞外诸(zhu)部咸畏惮(dan)之(zhi)(zhi)。莫廆(hui)(hui)死(si),子(zi)逊昵(ni)(ni)延(yan)(yan)(yan)立(li)(li),率(lv)众(zhong)(zhong)攻(gong)(gong)慕(mu)容廆(hui)(hui)于(yu)(yu)棘(ji)城。廆(hui)(hui)子(zi)翰先戍于(yu)(yu)外,逊昵(ni)(ni)延(yan)(yan)(yan)谓其(qi)(qi)众(zhong)(zhong)曰(yue):“翰素(su)果勇(yong),必为(wei)人(ren)患(huan),宜(yi)先取之(zhi)(zhi),城不(bu)足忧(you)也(ye)(ye)。”乃分骑数千袭翰。翰闻之(zhi)(zhi),使人(ren)诈为(wei)段末波(bo)使者,逆谓逊昵(ni)(ni)延(yan)(yan)(yan)曰(yue):“翰数为(wei)吾(wu)患(huan),久思除之(zhi)(zhi),今闻来讨,甚善,戒严相待(dai),宜(yi)兼路早赴(fu)。”朝设伏待(dai)之(zhi)(zhi),逊昵(ni)(ni)延(yan)(yan)(yan)以为(wei)信然,长驱不(bu)备,至于(yu)(yu)伏所,为(wei)翰所虏。翰驰使告廆(hui)(hui),乘胜(sheng)遂进,及(ji)晨(chen)而至。廆(hui)(hui)亦尽锐应之(zhi)(zhi)。逊昵(ni)(ni)延(yan)(yan)(yan)见(jian)而方严,率(lv)众(zhong)(zhong)逆战,前(qian)锋(feng)始交,而翰已入(ru)其(qi)(qi)营(ying),纵火燎之(zhi)(zhi),众(zhong)(zhong)乃大(da)溃,逊昵(ni)(ni)延(yan)(yan)(yan)单马奔(ben)还,悉(xi)俘(fu)其(qi)(qi)众(zhong)(zhong)。逊昵(ni)(ni)延(yan)(yan)(yan)父子(zi)世雄漠北,又先得玉玺三(san)纽,自(zi)(zi)言为(wei)天所相,每自(zi)(zi)夸大(da)。及(ji)此败也(ye)(ye),乃卑辞厚币,遣使朝献于(yu)(yu)昭帝(di),帝(di)嘉(jia)之(zhi)(zhi),以女妻焉。
逊昵延死(si)(si),子(zi)乞(qi)得(de)龟立,复(fu)伐慕容(rong)廆(hui),廆(hui)拒之。惠帝三年(nian),乞(qi)得(de)龟屯(tun)保(bao)浇水,固垒不战,遣其(qi)兄悉跋堆袭廆(hui)子(zi)仁(ren)于柏林,仁(ren)逆击,斩悉跋堆。廆(hui)又攻(gong)乞(qi)得(de)龟克之,乞(qi)得(de)龟单(dan)骑夜(ye)奔,悉虏(lu)其(qi)众(zhong)。乘(cheng)胜长驱,入(ru)其(qi)国城,收资财亿(yi)计(ji),徙部民数(shu)万户以归。先(xian)是,海出大龟,枯死(si)(si)于平郭,至是而乞(qi)得(de)龟败。
别部人逸豆归(gui)杀乞得(de)龟而自立,与慕容晃(huang)相攻击,遣其国相莫(mo)浑伐(fa)晃(huang),而莫(mo)浑荒(huang)酒纵猎,为晃(huang)所(suo)破(po),死者万余人。建(jian)国八(ba)年(nian),晃(huang)伐(fa)逸豆归(gui),逸豆归(gui)拒之,为晃(huang)所(suo)败,杀其骁将涉(she)亦干。逸豆归(gui)远遁漠北(bei),遂奔高(gao)丽。晃(huang)徙其部众五千余落(luo)于昌黎,自此散灭矣。
徒(tu)何段(duan)就(jiu)(jiu)六眷(juan),本出于(yu)(yu)辽西。其(qi)(qi)伯祖(zu)日(ri)陆眷(juan),因(yin)乱(luan)被(bei)卖为渔(yu)(yu)阳乌(wu)丸太(tai)库(ku)辱官(guan)家奴。诸大人集会(hui)幽(you)州,皆持唾(tuo)壶(hu),唯(wei)库(ku)辱官(guan)独无,乃(nai)唾(tuo)日(ri)陆眷(juan)口中(zhong)(zhong)。日(ri)陆眷(juan)因(yin)咽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),西向拜天(tian)曰:“愿便主(zhu)君之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)智慧(hui)禄相(xiang)尽移入我腹中(zhong)(zhong)。”其(qi)(qi)后渔(yu)(yu)阳大饥,库(ku)辱官(guan)以(yi)日(ri)陆眷(juan)为健,使将之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诣辽西逐食,招诱亡叛(pan),遂至强盛(sheng)。日(ri)陆眷(juan)死,弟乞(qi)珍代立。乞(qi)珍死,子务(wu)目(mu)尘代立,即就(jiu)(jiu)六眷(juan)父也,据有辽西之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di),而臣于(yu)(yu)晋。其(qi)(qi)所(suo)统三万(wan)余家,控(kong)弦上马四(si)五万(wan)骑。晋穆帝时,幽(you)州刺(ci)史王浚以(yi)段(duan)氏数(shu)为己用,深德之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),乃(nai)表封务(wu)目(mu)尘为辽西公,假大单于(yu)(yu)印绶(shou)。浚使务(wu)目(mu)尘率万(wan)余骑伐石勒于(yu)(yu)常山封龙山下(xia),大破之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
务目尘死,就(jiu)(jiu)六眷立。就(jiu)(jiu)六眷与弟匹磾、从弟末波等率(lv)五万(wan)余骑围石勒(le)于襄国(guo)。勒(le)登(deng)城望之(zhi),见将士皆释(shi)仗寝卧,无警备(bei)之(zhi)意(yi),勒(le)因其懈怠(dai),选募勇健,穿城突(tu)出,直冲末波,生禽之(zhi)。置之(zhi)座上,与饮(yin)宴尽欢,约(yue)为父(fu)(fu)子,盟誓而遣之(zhi)。末波既得免(mian),就(jiu)(jiu)六眷等遂摄军而还,不复(fu)报浚,归(gui)于辽西。自此以后,末波常不敢(gan)南向(xiang)溲(sou)焉,人问(wen)其故,末波曰:“吾(wu)父(fu)(fu)在南。”其感(gan)勒(le)不害(hai)己也如(ru)此。
就六眷死,其(qi)子(zi)幼弱,匹(pi)磾(di)(di)与刘(liu)琨(kun)(kun)世子(zi)群奔(ben)丧。匹(pi)磾(di)(di)阴卷甲而往,欲(yu)杀(sha)其(qi)从叔羽鳞及末(mo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)而夺其(qi)国。末(mo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)等(deng)知之(zhi),遣军逆击(ji),匹(pi)磾(di)(di)、刘(liu)群为末(mo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)所获。匹(pi)磾(di)(di)走还蓟,惧琨(kun)(kun)禽己,请(qing)琨(kun)(kun)宴(yan)会,因执(zhi)而害之(zhi)。匹(pi)磾(di)(di)既(ji)杀(sha)刘(liu)琨(kun)(kun),与羽鳞、末(mo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)自相攻击(ji),部(bu)众(zhong)乖(guai)离(li)。欲(yu)拥其(qi)众(zhong)徙(xi)保上谷,阻军都(dou)之(zhi)险,以拒末(mo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)等(deng)。平(ping)文帝闻之(zhi),阴严精骑将(jiang)击(ji)之(zhi)。匹(pi)磾(di)(di)恐(kong)惧,南奔(ben)乐陵。后石(shi)勒遣石(shi)虎击(ji)段文鸯于(yu)(yu)乐陵,破之(zhi),生擒(qin)文鸯。匹(pi)磾(di)(di)遂率(lv)其(qi)属及诸坞壁降(jiang)于(yu)(yu)石(shi)勒。
末(mo)波(bo)自称幽州刺史(shi),屯辽(liao)(liao)西。末(mo)波(bo)死,国(guo)人立(li)日(ri)陆眷弟护(hu)辽(liao)(liao)为主,烈(lie)帝时(shi),假护(hu)辽(liao)(liao)骠(piao)骑大将军(jun)、幽州刺史(shi)、大单于、北(bei)平公(gong),弟郁兰抚军(jun)将军(jun)、冀州刺史(shi)、渤海公(gong)。建国(guo)元年,石(shi)虎(hu)征(zheng)护(hu)辽(liao)(liao)于辽(liao)(liao)西,护(hu)辽(liao)(liao)奔平冈(gang)山,遂投慕容晃,晃杀之(zhi)(zhi)。郁兰奔石(shi)虎(hu),以所徙鲜(xian)卑五千(qian)人配之(zhi)(zhi),使屯令支(zhi)。郁兰死,子龛(kan)代之(zhi)(zhi)。及冉(ran)闵之(zhi)(zhi)乱(luan),龛(kan)率(lv)众南移,遂据(ju)齐(qi)地。慕容俊(jun)使弟玄恭帅众伐龛(kan)于广(guang)固,执龛(kan)送之(zhi)(zhi)蓟,俊(jun)毒其目而杀之(zhi)(zhi),坑其徒三千(qian)余人。
高(gao)(gao)车(che),盖古(gu)赤狄(di)之余(yu)种也,初号为狄(di)历,北方(fang)以(yi)(yi)为敕勒,诸(zhu)夏以(yi)(yi)为高(gao)(gao)车(che)、丁零(ling)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)语略与匈奴同而(er)时有小异(yi),或(huo)云其(qi)(qi)(qi)先匈奴之甥也。其(qi)(qi)(qi)种有狄(di)氏(shi)(shi)、表纥氏(shi)(shi)、斛律氏(shi)(shi)、解批氏(shi)(shi)、护骨(gu)氏(shi)(shi)、异(yi)奇斤(jin)氏(shi)(shi)。俗云匈奴单于(yu)生二女(nv),姿(zi)容甚美,国人皆(jie)以(yi)(yi)为神。单于(yu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“吾有此(ci)女(nv),安可配人,将以(yi)(yi)与天(tian)。”乃(nai)(nai)于(yu)国北无人之地,筑高(gao)(gao)台(tai),置二女(nv)其(qi)(qi)(qi)上,曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“请天(tian)自迎之。”经三年,其(qi)(qi)(qi)母欲(yu)迎之,单于(yu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“不可,未彻之间(jian)耳(er)。”复一(yi)年,乃(nai)(nai)有一(yi)老(lao)狼(lang)昼夜守台(tai)嗥(hao)呼(hu),因穿(chuan)台(tai)下(xia)(xia)为空穴,经时不去。其(qi)(qi)(qi)小女(nv)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“吾父处我于(yu)此(ci),欲(yu)以(yi)(yi)与天(tian),而(er)今狼(lang)来,或(huo)是神物,天(tian)使之然。”将下(xia)(xia)就之。其(qi)(qi)(qi)姊大惊曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“此(ci)是畜生,无乃(nai)(nai)辱(ru)父母也!”妹不从,下(xia)(xia)为狼(lang)妻而(er)产子(zi),后遂滋繁成国,故其(qi)(qi)(qi)人好引声长歌,又似狼(lang)嗥(hao)。
无(wu)都统大帅,当种各有君长,为性(xing)粗猛,党类同(tong)(tong)心,至于(yu)(yu)寇难,翕然(ran)相依。斗(dou)无(wu)行陈,头(tou)别冲突,乍出(chu)乍入(ru),不(bu)能坚战(zhan)。其(qi)俗蹲踞(ju)亵黩,无(wu)所(suo)忌避(bi)。婚姻用牛马纳以为荣。结言既(ji)定(ding),男(nan)党营(ying)车阑(lan)马,令女(nv)党恣取(qu)(qu),上马袒乘出(chu)阑(lan),马主立(li)于(yu)(yu)阑(lan)外,振(zhen)手(shou)惊马,不(bu)坠者(zhe)即取(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi),坠则(ze)更取(qu)(qu),数满乃止。俗无(wu)谷,不(bu)作(zuo)酒,迎妇(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)日,男(nan)女(nv)相将(jiang),持(chi)马酪熟肉节解,主人延宾亦(yi)无(wu)行位,穹庐(lu)前丛坐,饮宴(yan)终日,复留(liu)其(qi)宿(su)。明日,将(jiang)妇(fu)归,既(ji)而(er)(er)(er)将(jiang)夫党还入(ru)其(qi)家马群,极(ji)取(qu)(qu)良马。父母兄弟虽惜,终无(wu)言者(zhe)。颇讳(hui)取(qu)(qu)寡妇(fu)而(er)(er)(er)优怜之(zhi)(zhi)。其(qi)畜产自记识,虽阑(lan)纵在野,终无(wu)妄取(qu)(qu)。俗不(bu)清(qing)洁。喜致震霆,每震则(ze)叫呼射天而(er)(er)(er)弃之(zhi)(zhi)移去(qu)。至来岁秋,马肥,复相率候于(yu)(yu)震所(suo),埋(mai)羚羊(yang)(yang),燃火,拔(ba)刀,女(nv)巫祝说(shuo),似(si)如中(zhong)国祓除,而(er)(er)(er)群队(dui)驰马旋(xuan)绕(rao),百币乃止。人持(chi)一束柳桋,回竖之(zhi)(zhi),以乳酪灌焉(yan)。妇(fu)人以皮(pi)裹(guo)羊(yang)(yang)骸(hai),戴之(zhi)(zhi)首上,萦屈发鬓而(er)(er)(er)缀(zhui)之(zhi)(zhi),有似(si)轩(xuan)冕。其(qi)死(si)(si)亡葬送,掘地(di)作(zuo)坎,坐尸于(yu)(yu)中(zhong),张臂引(yin)弓,佩刀挟槊(shuo),无(wu)异于(yu)(yu)生,而(er)(er)(er)露(lu)坎不(bu)掩。时有震死(si)(si)及疫疠,则(ze)为之(zhi)(zhi)祈福(fu)。若安(an)全无(wu)佗,则(ze)为报赛。多杀杂畜,烧骨以燎,走马绕(rao)旋(xuan),多者(zhe)数百币,男(nan)女(nv)无(wu)小大皆集会,平吉(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)人则(ze)歌舞作(zuo)乐(le),死(si)(si)丧(sang)之(zhi)(zhi)家则(ze)悲(bei)吟(yin)哭泣。其(qi)迁徙随水草,衣皮(pi)食肉,牛羊(yang)(yang)畜产尽与蠕蠕同(tong)(tong),唯车轮高大,辐数至多。
后徙于(yu)鹿浑海西北百(bai)余(yu)(yu)里,部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)强(qiang)大,常与蠕蠕为(wei)敌,亦每侵盗于(yu)国(guo)家。太(tai)祖(zu)亲(qin)袭(xi)之,大破其(qi)(qi)诸部(bu)(bu)。后太(tai)祖(zu)复度(du)弱洛水(shui),西行至鹿浑海,停驾简轻骑(qi),西北行百(bai)余(yu)(yu)里,袭(xi)破之,虏(lu)获生口马(ma)(ma)牛羊二(er)十余(yu)(yu)万。复讨其(qi)(qi)余(yu)(yu)种于(yu)狼(lang)山,大破之。车(che)驾巡幸,分命诸将(jiang)为(wei)东西二(er)道,太(tai)祖(zu)亲(qin)勒六军(jun)(jun)从(cong)中(zhong)道,自(zi)驳髯水(shui)西北,徇略共(gong)部(bu)(bu),诸军(jun)(jun)同(tong)时云(yun)合,破其(qi)(qi)杂种三十余(yu)(yu)落(luo)(luo)。卫王仪别督将(jiang)从(cong)西北绝漠(mo)千(qian)余(yu)(yu)里,复破其(qi)(qi)遗迸七部(bu)(bu)。于(yu)是高(gao)车(che)大惧,诸部(bu)(bu)震(zhen)骇。太(tai)祖(zu)自(zi)牛川南引,大校猎,以(yi)高(gao)车(che)为(wei)围,骑(qi)徒遮(zhe)列,周(zhou)七百(bai)余(yu)(yu)里,聚杂兽于(yu)其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)。因驱(qu)至平(ping)城(cheng),即以(yi)高(gao)车(che)众起鹿苑,南因台阴,北距长城(cheng),东包白(bai)登,属(shu)之西山。寻而(er)高(gao)车(che)侄利(li)曷莫弗(fu)敕力犍(jian)率其(qi)(qi)九百(bai)余(yu)(yu)落(luo)(luo)内(nei)附,拜敕力犍(jian)为(wei)扬威将(jiang)军(jun)(jun),置司(si)马(ma)(ma)、参军(jun)(jun),赐谷二(er)万斛。后高(gao)车(che)解批莫弗(fu)幡豆建复率其(qi)(qi)部(bu)(bu)三十余(yu)(yu)落(luo)(luo)内(nei)附,亦拜为(wei)威远(yuan)将(jiang)军(jun)(jun),置司(si)马(ma)(ma)、参军(jun)(jun),赐衣服(fu),岁(sui)给廪食(shi)。
蠕蠕社仑(lun)破败之后,收拾(shi)部落,转(zhuan)徙广漠之北,侵入(ru)高(gao)车之地。斛律(lv)部部帅(shuai)倍侯(hou)利(li)患之,曰(yue)(yue):“社仑(lun)新(xin)集,兵贫马少,易(yi)与耳。”乃举众掩(yan)击,入(ru)其(qi)(qi)国(guo)(guo)落。高(gao)车昧利(li),不(bu)顾(gu)后患,分其(qi)(qi)庐(lu)室,妻其(qi)(qi)妇女,安息寝卧不(bu)起。社仑(lun)登高(gao)望见,乃招集亡散得千(qian)人,晨(chen)掩(yan)杀(sha)之,。走而(er)脱者十二(er)三。倍侯(hou)利(li)遂来(lai)奔,赐(ci)爵孟都公。倍侯(hou)利(li)质直勇健过人,奋戈陷陈,有(you)异于众。北方之人畏婴(ying)兒啼者,语曰(yue)(yue)“倍侯(hou)利(li)来(lai)”,便(bian)止。处女歌(ge)谣云:“求良夫,当如倍侯(hou)。”其(qi)(qi)服(fu)众如此。善用五十蓍筮(shi)吉凶,每(mei)中,故得亲幸,赏赐(ci)丰(feng)厚(hou),命(ming)其(qi)(qi)少子曷堂内侍。及倍侯(hou)利(li)卒,太祖悼(dao)惜(xi),葬以国(guo)(guo)礼,谥曰(yue)(yue)忠壮王(wang)。后诏将军伊谓(wei)帅(shuai)二(er)万骑北袭高(gao)车余种(zhong)袁纥、乌频,破之。太祖时(shi),分散诸(zhu)部,唯(wei)高(gao)车以类粗(cu)犷(guang),不(bu)任使役(yi),故得别为部落。
后世(shi)祖征(zheng)蠕(ru)(ru)蠕(ru)(ru),破之而(er)还,至(zhi)(zhi)漠(mo)南(nan),闻高(gao)(gao)车(che)(che)(che)(che)东(dong)部在已尼(ni)陂,人畜甚(shen)众,去官军千余(yu)里(li),将遣左(zuo)仆(pu)射安原等(deng)讨之。司(si)徒长孙翰、尚书令刘洁等(deng)谏,世(shi)祖不(bu)听,乃遣原等(deng)并发(fa)新附高(gao)(gao)车(che)(che)(che)(che)合万骑(qi),至(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)已尼(ni)陂,高(gao)(gao)车(che)(che)(che)(che)诸(zhu)部望军而(er)降者(zhe)数(shu)十万落,获(huo)马(ma)牛(niu)羊(yang)亦(yi)百余(yu)万,皆徙置漠(mo)南(nan)千里(li)之地(di)。乘高(gao)(gao)车(che)(che)(che)(che),逐水草,畜牧(mu)蕃息,数(shu)年(nian)之后,渐知(zhi)粒食(shi),岁致献贡(gong),由是国家(jia)马(ma)及牛(niu)羊(yang)遂至(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)贱,氈皮委积。高(gao)(gao)宗时,五部高(gao)(gao)车(che)(che)(che)(che)合聚祭天,众至(zhi)(zhi)数(shu)万。大(da)会,走(zou)马(ma)杀牲,游(you)绕歌(ge)吟忻忻,其俗称(cheng)自前世(shi)以来无盛于(yu)此。会车(che)(che)(che)(che)驾临幸,莫不(bu)忻悦。后高(gao)(gao)祖召高(gao)(gao)车(che)(che)(che)(che)之众随车(che)(che)(che)(che)驾南(nan)讨,高(gao)(gao)车(che)(che)(che)(che)不(bu)愿南(nan)行,遂推表纥树(shu)(shu)者(zhe)为主(zhu),相率(lv)北(bei)叛,游(you)践金(jin)陵,都督(du)宇文福追讨,大(da)败而(er)还。又(you)诏平北(bei)将军、江阳王继为都督(du)讨之,继先遣人慰劳(lao)树(shu)(shu)者(zhe)。树(shu)(shu)者(zhe)入蠕(ru)(ru)蠕(ru)(ru),寻悔,相率(lv)而(er)降。
高(gao)车之族(zu),又有十(shi)二姓:一(yi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)泣伏(fu)(fu)(fu)利(li)氏(shi)(shi)(shi),二曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)吐(tu)卢氏(shi)(shi)(shi),三曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)乙(yi)旃氏(shi)(shi)(shi),四曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)大连氏(shi)(shi)(shi),五曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)窟贺氏(shi)(shi)(shi),六曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)达(da)薄(bo)干氏(shi)(shi)(shi),七曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)阿(a)仑(lun)氏(shi)(shi)(shi),八曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)莫允氏(shi)(shi)(shi),九曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)俟分(fen)氏(shi)(shi)(shi),十(shi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)副伏(fu)(fu)(fu)罗(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)(shi),十(shi)一(yi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)乞袁氏(shi)(shi)(shi),十(shi)二曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)右叔沛(pei)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)。先是副伏(fu)(fu)(fu)罗(luo)(luo)(luo)部(bu)为(wei)蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)所役(yi)属,豆(dou)仑(lun)之世(shi),蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)乱离,国(guo)部(bu)分(fen)散,副伏(fu)(fu)(fu)罗(luo)(luo)(luo)阿(a)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罗(luo)(luo)(luo)与从(cong)弟穷奇(qi)(qi)俱(ju)统领高(gao)车之众十(shi)余(yu)万落。太和(he)十(shi)一(yi)年(nian),豆(dou)仑(lun)犯塞,阿(a)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罗(luo)(luo)(luo)等固谏不(bu)从(cong),怒,率(lv)所部(bu)之众西(xi)叛(pan),至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前部(bu)西(xi)北(bei),自立为(wei)王,国(guo)人号之曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“侯(hou)娄匐勒”,犹(you)魏(wei)言大天(tian)子也(ye)。穷奇(qi)(qi)号“候(hou)倍”,犹(you)魏(wei)言储主也(ye)。二人和(he)穆,分(fen)部(bu)而(er)立,阿(a)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罗(luo)(luo)(luo)居北(bei),穷奇(qi)(qi)在南。豆(dou)仑(lun)追讨之,频为(wei)阿(a)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罗(luo)(luo)(luo)所败(bai),乃引(yin)众东徙。十(shi)四年(nian),阿(a)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罗(luo)(luo)(luo)遣(qian)商(shang)胡越者至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)京师,以二箭奉(feng)贡(gong),云:“蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)为(wei)天(tian)子之贼,臣谏之不(bu)从(cong),遂(sui)叛(pan)来至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)此(ci)而(er)自竖(shu)立。当为(wei)天(tian)子讨除蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)。”高(gao)祖未之信(xin)也(ye),遣(qian)使(shi)者于提往观虚(xu)实。阿(a)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罗(luo)(luo)(luo)与穷奇(qi)(qi)遣(qian)使(shi)者薄(bo)颉随于提来朝,贡(gong)其方物。诏员外(wai)散骑侍(shi)郎可足浑长(zhang)(zhang)生夏(xia)与于提使(shi)高(gao)车,各赐绣袴褶一(yi)具,杂彩百匹(pi)。穷奇(qi)(qi)后为(wei)嚈哒所杀(sha),虏其子弥(mi)俄(e)突等,其众分(fen)散,或(huo)来奔附,或(huo)投蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)。诏遣(qian)宣威将(jiang)军、羽林监(jian)孟(meng)威抚纳(na)降(jiang)人,置之高(gao)平镇(zhen)。阿(a)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罗(luo)(luo)(luo)长(zhang)(zhang)子蒸阿(a)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罗(luo)(luo)(luo)余(yu)妻,谋(mou)害阿(a)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罗(luo)(luo)(luo),阿(a)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罗(luo)(luo)(luo)杀(sha)之。
阿伏至罗又(you)残(can)暴,大失众(zhong)心(xin),众(zhong)共杀(sha)之(zhi),立其(qi)宗(zong)人跋(ba)利延(yan)为主。岁余,嚈哒(da)伐高车,将纳弥(mi)(mi)俄突(tu),国人杀(sha)跋(ba)利延(yan),迎(ying)弥(mi)(mi)俄突(tu)而立之(zhi)。弥(mi)(mi)俄突(tu)既(ji)立,复遣(qian)朝贡(gong),又(you)奉表献金(jin)方一(yi)、银方一(yi)、金(jin)杖二、马七匹(pi)(pi)、驼十头。诏使者慕容坦赐弥(mi)(mi)俄突(tu)杂彩(cai)六(liu)十匹(pi)(pi)。世宗(zong)诏之(zhi)曰:“卿远据沙外,频申(shen)诚(cheng)款,览(lan)揖(yi)忠志,特所钦嘉(jia)。蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)、嚈哒(da)、吐谷浑所以交通者,皆路(lu)由高昌(chang),掎(ji)角相接。今高昌(chang)内附,遣(qian)使迎(ying)引,蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)往来路(lu)绝,奸势。不得妄令群小敢有陵(ling)犯,拥(yong)塞(sai)王(wang)人,罪在不赦(she)。”弥(mi)(mi)俄突(tu)寻与蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)主伏图(tu)战于(yu)(yu)蒲类海(hai)北(bei),为伏图(tu)所败(bai),西走(zou)三百余里。伏图(tu)次(ci)于(yu)(yu)伊吾(wu)(wu)北(bei)山。先是,高昌(chang)王(wang)曲嘉(jia)表求(qiu)内徙,世宗(zong)遣(qian)孟(meng)威迎(ying)之(zhi),至伊吾(wu)(wu),蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)见威军,怖而遁走(zou)。弥(mi)(mi)俄突(tu)闻其(qi)离骇,追击大破(po)之(zhi),杀(sha)伏图(tu)于(yu)(yu)蒲类海(hai)北(bei),割其(qi)发,送于(yu)(yu)孟(meng)威。又(you)遣(qian)使献龙马五匹(pi)(pi)、金(jin)银貂皮(pi)及诸方物(wu)(wu),诏东城子于(yu)(yu)亮报之(zhi),赐乐(le)器一(yi)部,乐(le)工八十人,赤绸十匹(pi)(pi),杂彩(cai)六(liu)十匹(pi)(pi)。弥(mi)(mi)俄突(tu)遣(qian)其(qi)莫何去汾(fen)屋引叱贺真(zhen)贡(gong)其(qi)方物(wu)(wu)。
肃宗(zong)初(chu),弥俄突与(yu)(yu)蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)主丑奴战(zhan)败(bai)(bai)被(bei)擒,丑奴系其两脚于弩马之上,顿曳杀(sha)之,漆其头(tou)为(wei)(wei)饮器。其部(bu)众悉入(ru)嚈哒(da)。经数年,嚈哒(da)听(ting)弥俄突弟(di)伊(yi)(yi)(yi)匐(fu)(fu)(fu)还国。伊(yi)(yi)(yi)匐(fu)(fu)(fu)既复(fu)国,遣使(shi)(shi)奉表,于是诏(zhao)遣使(shi)(shi)者谷楷等拜为(wei)(wei)镇(zhen)西将军、西海郡开国公、高车(che)王。伊(yi)(yi)(yi)匐(fu)(fu)(fu)复(fu)大破蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru),蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)王婆罗门走投凉州。正光(guang)中(zhong),伊(yi)(yi)(yi)匐(fu)(fu)(fu)遣使(shi)(shi)朝贡,因乞朱画步挽(wan)一乘并幔(man)褥(ru),鞦(qiu)必一副(fu),伞扇各一枚(mei),青曲盖(gai)五枚(mei),赤漆扇五枚(mei),鼓角(jiao)十枚(mei)。诏(zhao)给之。伊(yi)(yi)(yi)匐(fu)(fu)(fu)后与(yu)(yu)蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)战(zhan),败(bai)(bai)归,其弟(di)越(yue)居(ju)杀(sha)伊(yi)(yi)(yi)匐(fu)(fu)(fu)自立。天平中(zhong),越(yue)居(ju)复(fu)为(wei)(wei)蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)所(suo)破,伊(yi)(yi)(yi)匐(fu)(fu)(fu)子(zi)比(bi)适(shi)复(fu)杀(sha)越(yue)居(ju)而(er)自立。兴(xing)和(he)中(zhong),比(bi)适(shi)又为(wei)(wei)蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)所(suo)破。越(yue)居(ju)子(zi)去(qu)宾自蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)蠕(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)来奔,齐(qi)献武王欲招纳(na)远人,上言封去(qu)宾为(wei)(wei)高车(che)王,拜安北将军、肆州刺史。既而(er)病死。
初,太祖(zu)时,有吐突邻(lin)部,在(zai)女水上,常与(yu)解(jie)和部相为脣(chun)齿(chi),不供职事(shi)。登国三(san)年(nian),太祖(zu)亲西征,渡弱洛水,复西行(xing)趣其国,至女水上,讨解(jie)如(ru)部落(luo)破之。明年(nian)春,尽略(lve)徙其部落(luo)畜产而还。
又有纥(he)突(tu)邻,与纥(he)奚世同部(bu)落,而各有大人(ren)长帅(shuai),拥集种(zhong)类(lei),常为寇于(yu)意(yi)辛山(shan)。登国五年,太(tai)祖(zu)勒众亲(qin)讨(tao)焉,慕容驎率师来(lai)会,大破之。纥(he)突(tu)邻大人(ren)屋地鞬、纥(he)奚大人(ren)库寒(han)等(deng)皆举部(bu)归降。皇始二年,车驾伐中(zhong)山(shan),军于(yu)柏肆,慕容宝夜来(lai)攻(gong)营,军人(ren)惊走还于(yu)国,路由并州,遂反,将(jiang)攻(gong)晋阳,并州刺史(shi)元延讨(tao)平之。纥(he)突(tu)邻部(bu)帅(shuai)匿物(wu)尼(ni)、纥(he)奚部(bu)帅(shuai)叱奴根等(deng)复(fu)聚党反于(yu)阴(yin)馆,南(nan)安公(gong)元顺讨(tao)之不克,死者数千人(ren)。太(tai)祖(zu)闻之,遣安远将(jiang)军庾岳还讨(tao)匿物(wu)尼(ni)等(deng),皆殄之。”
又(you)有侯(hou)吕邻(lin)部(bu),众万余(yu)口,常依险畜(chu)牧。登国中,其大人叱伐为寇于苦水河。八年(nian)夏,太(tai)祖大破之,并禽其别帅焉古延等。
薛干部,常屯聚于三城之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间。及(ji)灭卫(wei)辰(chen)后(hou),其部帅太(tai)悉(xi)(xi)伏(fu)(fu)望(wang)军归顺(shun),太(tai)祖(zu)抚(fu)安之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。车(che)(che)驾还(hai),卫(wei)辰(chen)子屈(qu)丐(gai)奔其部。太(tai)祖(zu)闻(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),使(shi)使(shi)诏太(tai)悉(xi)(xi)仗执送(song)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。太(tai)悉(xi)(xi)伏(fu)(fu)出屈(qu)丐(gai)以示使(shi)者曰:“今(jin)穷而见投,宁与(yu)俱亡,何忍(ren)送(song)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”遂不遣。太(tai)祖(zu)大(da)怒(nu),车(che)(che)驾亲(qin)讨之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。会太(tai)悉(xi)(xi)伏(fu)(fu)先出击曹覆寅,官军乘虚,遂屠(tu)其城,获太(tai)悉(xi)(xi)伏(fu)(fu)妻子珍宝,徙(xi)其人(ren)而还(hai)。太(tai)悉(xi)(xi)伏(fu)(fu)来赴不及(ji),遂奔姚兴,未几亡归岭北。上郡以西诸鲜(xian)卑、杂胡闻(wen)(wen)而皆(jie)应之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。天赐五年,屈(qu)丐(gai)尽劫(jie)掠总服之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。及(ji)平统万,薛干种(zhong)类皆(jie)得为(wei)编户矣。
而率屯山(shan)鲜卑别种(zhong)破多兰部世传主部落,至木易(yi)(yi)干(gan)有武力壮勇(yong),劫掠(lve)左(zuo)右(you),西及金城,东(dong)侵安定,数年间诸(zhu)种(zhong)患之(zhi)。天(tian)兴四(si)年,遣(qian)常(chang)山(shan)王遵(zun)讨(tao)之(zhi)于高(gao)平,木易(yi)(yi)干(gan)将数千骑弃国遁走,尽徙其人于京师(shi)。余种(zhong)分迸(beng),其后为赫连屈(qu)丐(gai)所灭。
又黜弗、素古延(yan)等(deng)诸部,富而不恭,天兴五年,材官将军和突率六千骑袭而获之。
又越勒倍(bei)泥部(bu),永兴五年,转(zhuan)牧(mu)跋那山(shan)西。七月,遣奚斤讨破之,徙其人而还(hai)。
史臣曰:周之猃狁,汉之匈奴,其作害中国固亦久矣。魏晋之世,种族瓜分,去来沙漠之陲。窥扰鄣塞之际,犹皆东胡之余绪,冒顿之枝叶。至如蠕蠕者,匈奴之裔,根本莫寻,逃形集丑;自小为大,风驰乌赴,倏来忽往,代京由之屡骇,戎车所以不宁。是故魏氏祖宗扬威曜武,驱其畜产,收其部落,剪之穷发之野,逐之无人之乡,岂好肆兵极锐,凶器不戢,盖亦急病除恶,事不得已而然也。
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