列(lie)传第七十 李琰之 祖莹 常景
李琰之(zhi),字景(jing)珍(zhen),小字默蠡,陇西狄道人(ren),司(si)空韶之(zhi)族弟。早(zao)有盛名,时人(ren)号(hao)曰神童。从父(fu)司(si)空冲雅所(suo)(suo)叹(tan)异,每(mei)曰:“兴吾宗者,其此兒乎?”恆资给所(suo)(suo)须,爱同己子(zi)。
弱冠举(ju)秀才,不行(xing)。曾(ceng)游河内北(bei)山,便欲(yu)有隐遁意。会彭(peng)城(cheng)王勰辟(pi)为(wei)行(xing)台(tai)参军(jun)(jun)(jun),苦相(xiang)敦引。寻为(wei)侍中李彪(biao)启兼(jian)著作(zuo)郎,修(xiu)撰国(guo)(guo)史。稍迁(qian)国(guo)(guo)子博士,领尚书仪曹(cao)郎中,转中书侍郎、司农少卿、黄门郎,修(xiu)国(guo)(guo)史。迁(qian)国(guo)(guo)子祭酒,转秘书监、兼(jian)七兵尚书。迁(qian)太常卿。孝庄初(chu),太尉(wei)元天(tian)穆北(bei)讨葛荣,以琰之兼(jian)御史中尉(wei),为(wei)北(bei)道军(jun)(jun)(jun)司。还,除征东将军(jun)(jun)(jun),仍兼(jian)太常。
出(chu)为卫将(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)(jun)、荆州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi)。顷(qing)之,兼(jian)尚(shang)书(shu)左(zuo)仆射、三荆二郢大行台。寻加散骑(qi)常侍(shi)。琰之虽以儒素自业,而(er)每(mei)语人言“吾家(jia)世将(jiang)(jiang)种”,自云犹有关(guan)西风气。及至州(zhou)后,大好射猎,以示威(wei)武。尔朱(zhu)兆入洛,南阳太守赵修延(yan)以琰之庄帝外戚,诬琰之规奔(ben)萧衍,袭州(zhou)城,遂被囚执,修延(yan)仍自行州(zhou)事。城内人斩(zhan)修延(yan),还推琰之厘州(zhou)任。出(chu)帝初,征兼(jian)侍(shi)中、车骑(qi)大将(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)(jun)、左(zuo)光(guang)禄(lu)大夫、仪同(tong)三司。永(yong)熙(xi)二年薨。赠侍(shi)中、骠(piao)骑(qi)大将(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)(jun)、司徒公、雍(yong)州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi),谥曰文简。
琰之(zhi)(zhi)少机警,善谈,经史百家无(wu)所(suo)不(bu)(bu)览,朝廷疑(yi)事(shi)多(duo)(duo)所(suo)访质(zhi)。每(mei)云(yun):“崔博(bo)(bo)而不(bu)(bu)精,刘精而不(bu)(bu)博(bo)(bo);我(wo)既精且博(bo)(bo),学兼(jian)二(er)子。”谓崔光、刘芳也。论者(zhe)许其博(bo)(bo),未许其精。当时物议,咸(xian)共宗(zong)之(zhi)(zhi),又自夸文(wen)章,从姨兄常景笑而不(bu)(bu)许。每(mei)休闲之(zhi)(zhi)际,恆闭门读书(shu),不(bu)(bu)交人(ren)事(shi)。尝(chang)谓人(ren)曰:“吾(wu)所(suo)以好读书(shu),不(bu)(bu)求身后之(zhi)(zhi)名,但(dan)异见异闻,心(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)愿,是以孜孜搜讨,欲(yu)罢不(bu)(bu)能。岂为声名劳七尺也?此乃(nai)天性,非为力强。”前后再居史职,无(wu)所(suo)编缉。安(an)丰王延明,博(bo)(bo)闻多(duo)(duo)识,每(mei)有疑(yi)滞,恆就琰之(zhi)(zhi)辨析,自以为不(bu)(bu)及也。
二子纲、惠,并从(cong)出帝入关。
祖莹,字元珍(zhen),范阳遒人也。曾祖敏,仕慕容垂为平原(yuan)太守(shou)。太祖定中山,赐(ci)爵安固子,拜(bai)尚书(shu)左丞。卒,赠并州刺史(shi)。祖嶷,字元达(da)。以(yi)从(cong)征(zheng)平原(yuan)功,进爵为侯,位(wei)冯翊太守(shou),赠幽州刺史(shi)。父季真,多识前言往行,位(wei)中书(shu)侍郎,卒于(yu)安远将军、钜(ju)鹿太守(shou)。
莹年八岁,能诵《诗》、《书(shu)(shu)》;十(shi)二,为(wei)(wei)中(zhong)书(shu)(shu)学生。好学耽书(shu)(shu),以昼继夜,父(fu)母恐(kong)(kong)其成疾,禁之不能止。常密于灰中(zhong)藏火(huo),驱逐僮(tong)仆,父(fu)母寝睡(shui)之后,燃火(huo)读书(shu)(shu),以衣被蔽塞(sai)窗(chuang)户,恐(kong)(kong)漏光明,为(wei)(wei)家人所觉(jue)。由是声誉甚盛,内外亲属呼为(wei)(wei)“圣小兒”。尤好属文,中(zhong)书(shu)(shu)监(jian)高允每(mei)叹曰(yue):“此(ci)子才器,非诸(zhu)生所及,终(zhong)当远至。”
时(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)书博(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)张天龙讲(jiang)《尚(shang)(shang)(shang)书》,选为都讲(jiang)。生(sheng)徒悉集(ji),莹(ying)(ying)夜读书劳倦(juan),不觉天晓。催讲(jiang)既切(qie),遂(sui)误(wu)持同房生(sheng)赵郡(jun)李孝怡《曲礼》卷(juan)上座(zuo)。博(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)严毅(yi),不敢还(hai)取,乃置《礼》于前,诵《尚(shang)(shang)(shang)书》三(san)篇,不遗一字。讲(jiang)罢,孝怡异之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),向博(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)说,举学尽惊。后高(gao)祖闻(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),召入,令(ling)诵五经章句,并陈大(da)义,帝(di)嗟(jie)赏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。莹(ying)(ying)出(chu)后,高(gao)祖戏卢昶曰:“昔流(liu)(liu)共工于幽州北裔之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地,那(nei)得忽(hu)有此子(zi)?”昶对曰:“当是(shi)才(cai)为世生(sheng)。”以(yi)才(cai)名拜太学博(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi),征署司徒、彭(peng)(peng)城(cheng)(cheng)王勰(xie)法(fa)曹行参军。高(gao)祖顾(gu)谓勰(xie)曰:“萧赜以(yi)王元(yuan)长(zhang)为子(zi)良法(fa)曹,今为汝用祖莹(ying)(ying),岂非伦匹也(ye)?”敕令(ling)掌勰(xie)书记。莹(ying)(ying)与(yu)陈郡(jun)袁(yuan)翻(fan)齐名秀出(chu),时(shi)人为之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)语(yu)曰:“京师楚楚袁(yuan)与(yu)祖,洛中(zhong)(zhong)翩(pian)翩(pian)祖与(yu)袁(yuan)。”再迁尚(shang)(shang)(shang)书三(san)公(gong)郎。尚(shang)(shang)(shang)书令(ling)王肃(su)(su)(su)曾(ceng)于省(sheng)中(zhong)(zhong)咏(yong)《悲(bei)(bei)(bei)平城(cheng)(cheng)》诗,云(yun)(yun)(yun):“悲(bei)(bei)(bei)平城(cheng)(cheng),驱马入云(yun)(yun)(yun)中(zhong)(zhong)。阴(yin)山常晦雪,荒松无(wu)罢风(feng)。”彭(peng)(peng)城(cheng)(cheng)王勰(xie)甚嗟(jie)其美,欲使肃(su)(su)(su)更咏(yong),乃失语(yu)云(yun)(yun)(yun):“王公(gong)吟咏(yong)情(qing)性,声(sheng)律殊佳(jia),可更为诵《悲(bei)(bei)(bei)彭(peng)(peng)城(cheng)(cheng)》诗。”肃(su)(su)(su)因(yin)戏勰(xie)云(yun)(yun)(yun):“何(he)意《悲(bei)(bei)(bei)平城(cheng)(cheng)》为《悲(bei)(bei)(bei)彭(peng)(peng)城(cheng)(cheng)》也(ye)?”勰(xie)有惭色。莹(ying)(ying)在座(zuo),即云(yun)(yun)(yun):“所有《悲(bei)(bei)(bei)彭(peng)(peng)城(cheng)(cheng)》,王公(gong)自未见耳。”肃(su)(su)(su)云(yun)(yun)(yun):“可为诵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”莹(ying)(ying)应声(sheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun):“悲(bei)(bei)(bei)彭(peng)(peng)城(cheng)(cheng),楚歌四面(mian)起。尸积石(shi)梁亭,血(xue)流(liu)(liu)睢水里。”肃(su)(su)(su)甚嗟(jie)赏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。勰(xie)亦大(da)悦,退谓莹(ying)(ying)曰:“即定是(shi)神口(kou)。今日若(ruo)不得卿,几为吴子(zi)所屈。”
为(wei)冀州(zhou)镇东府(fu)长史,以(yi)(yi)货贿事(shi)发,除名(ming)。后侍(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)崔光举(ju)为(wei)国(guo)子(zi)博(bo)士,仍领(ling)尚(shang)(shang)书(shu)左(zuo)户部。李(li)崇为(wei)都督(du)北(bei)讨,引莹为(wei)长吏。坐(zuo)截没(mei)军资(zi),除名(ming)。未几(ji),为(wei)散骑侍(shi)(shi)郎(lang)。孝昌中(zhong)(zhong),于(yu)广(guang)平(ping)王(wang)第掘得(de)古玉(yu)印(yin),敕(chi)召(zhao)莹与(yu)黄(huang)门侍(shi)(shi)郎(lang)李(li)琰之(zhi),令辨何世之(zhi)物。莹云(yun):“此(ci)是于(yu)阗国(guo)王(wang)晋(jin)太(tai)康中(zhong)(zhong)所献。”乃(nai)以(yi)(yi)墨涂(tu)字观之(zhi),果如莹言,时(shi)人称为(wei)博(bo)物。累(lei)迁国(guo)子(zi)祭酒,领(ling)给(ji)事(shi)黄(huang)门侍(shi)(shi)郎(lang),幽州(zhou)大中(zhong)(zhong)正,监起(qi)居事(shi),又监议事(shi)。元(yuan)颢入(ru)洛(luo),以(yi)(yi)莹为(wei)殿中(zhong)(zhong)尚(shang)(shang)书(shu)。庄帝(di)还宫,坐(zuo)为(wei)颢作诏罪(zui)状尔朱荣,免官。后除秘书(shu)监,中(zhong)(zhong)正如故。以(yi)(yi)参(can)议律历,赐爵(jue)容城县子(zi)。坐(zuo)事(shi)系于(yu)廷尉。前废帝(di)迁车骑将军。初(chu)(chu),庄帝(di)末,尔朱兆入(ru)洛(luo),军人焚烧(shao)乐署,钟石(shi)管(guan)弦(xian),略无存者。敕(chi)莹与(yu)录尚(shang)(shang)书(shu)事(shi)长孙稚(zhi)、侍(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)元(yuan)孚(fu)典造金石(shi)雅乐,三载乃(nai)就,事(shi)在《乐志》。迁车骑大将军。及(ji)出(chu)帝(di)登阼(zuo),莹以(yi)(yi)太(tai)常行礼,封文安县子(zi)。天平(ping)初(chu)(chu),将迁鄴(ye),齐献武王(wang)因召(zhao)莹议之(zhi)。以(yi)(yi)功迁仪同三司,进爵(jue)为(wei)伯。薨(hong),赠(zeng)尚(shang)(shang)书(shu)左(zuo)仆射、司徒公(gong)、冀州(zhou)刺史。
莹以(yi)文(wen)学见(jian)重,常语人云:“文(wen)章(zhang)须自出机杼,成一家风(feng)骨。何能共(gong)人同生(sheng)活也?”盖(gai)讥世人好偷窃他(ta)文(wen)以(yi)为己用。而莹之(zhi)笔札,亦无乏天才,但不能均(jun)调,玉石兼有,制(zhi)裁(cai)之(zhi)体,减于(yu)袁、常焉(yan)。性爽侠,有节气(qi),士有穷厄,以(yi)命归之(zhi),必见(jian)存拯,时亦以(yi)此多之(zhi)。其文(wen)集行于(yu)世。子(zi)珽,字孝征,袭。
常景,字永昌,河内人(ren)也(ye)。父文(wen)通,天水(shui)太守。景少聪敏,初(chu)读《论语》、《毛(mao)诗》,一(yi)受便览。及长,有才思,雅好文(wen)章。廷尉(wei)公孙良举为(wei)律博士,高(gao)祖亲得其名,既而(er)用之。后(hou)为(wei)门(men)下录事、太常博士。正始初(chu),诏(zhao)尚书(shu)、门(men)下于金墉中书(shu)外省考(kao)论律令,敕景参议。
世宗季(ji)舅(jiu)护军将军高显卒,其(qi)兄右仆射肇(zhao)(zhao)私托景(jing)及(ji)尚书邢峦、并(bing)州刺史高聪(cong)、通(tong)直郎徐纥各作碑铭,并(bing)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)呈御,世宗悉(xi)付侍中崔(cui)光(guang)简之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),光(guang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)景(jing)所(suo)(suo)造为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)最,乃奏曰:“常景(jing)名(ming)(ming)位乃处诸(zhu)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下,文(wen)出(chu)诸(zhu)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上。”遂(sui)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)景(jing)文(wen)刊石。肇(zhao)(zhao)尚平阳公主(zhu)(zhu),未几主(zhu)(zhu)薨,肇(zhao)(zhao)欲使公主(zhu)(zhu)家(jia)(jia)令(ling)(ling)居户制(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu),付学官议正施(shi)(shi)行。尚书又(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)访景(jing),景(jing)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)妇人(ren)无(wu)专国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li),家(jia)(jia)令(ling)(ling)不(bu)(bu)得有(you)纯臣(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义,乃执议曰:“丧(sang)(sang)纪之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本,实(shi)(shi)称物(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)情(qing);轻重所(suo)(suo)因,亦缘情(qing)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)。虽理(li)(li)(li)关盛衰,事经今古,而(er)制(zhi)(zhi)作之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本,降杀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宜,其(qi)实(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)焉。是故臣(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun),所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)资敬而(er)崇重;为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)母妻(qi),所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)从服(fu)(fu)而(er)制(zhi)(zhi)义。然(ran)而(er)诸(zhu)侯大(da)夫(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)者(zhe),谓其(qi)有(you)地土(tu),有(you)吏(li)属;无(wu)服(fu)(fu)文(wen)者(zhe),言其(qi)非世爵(jue)(jue)也(ye)(ye)。今王姬(ji)降适,虽加爵(jue)(jue)命(ming),事非君(jun)邑,理(li)(li)(li)异(yi)列土(tu)。何(he)者(zhe)?诸(zhu)王开(kai)国(guo),备(bei)立(li)(li)臣(chen)吏(li),生有(you)趋奉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勤,死尽致丧(sang)(sang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li);而(er)公主(zhu)(zhu)家(jia)(jia)令(ling)(ling),唯有(you)一(yi)(yi)人(ren),其(qi)丞已下,命(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属官,既(ji)无(wu)接事之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)仪,实(shi)(shi)阙为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)臣(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)体(ti)。原夫(fu)公主(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)贵所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)家(jia)(jia)令(ling)(ling)者(zhe),盖以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)主(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)内事脱须关外,理(li)(li)(li)无(wu)自达,必(bi)也(ye)(ye)因人(ren)。然(ran)则(ze)(ze)家(jia)(jia)令(ling)(ling)唯通(tong)内外之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)职(zhi),及(ji)典(dian)主(zhu)(zhu)家(jia)(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事耳(er),无(wu)关君(jun)臣(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li),名(ming)(ming)义之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分也(ye)(ye)。由(you)是推之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),家(jia)(jia)令(ling)(ling)不(bu)(bu)得为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)纯臣(chen),公主(zhu)(zhu)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)正君(jun)明矣。且女人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun),男(nan)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)臣(chen),古礼(li)所(suo)(suo)不(bu)(bu)载,先朝所(suo)(suo)未议。而(er)四门(men)博士裴道广、孙(sun)荣乂等(deng)(deng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)公主(zhu)(zhu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)家(jia)(jia)令(ling)(ling)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣(chen),制(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)斩,乖谬(miu)弥甚。又(you)张虚景(jing)、吾(wu)难羁等(deng)(deng),不(bu)(bu)推君(jun)臣(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分,不(bu)(bu)寻致服(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情(qing),犹(you)同其(qi)议,准母制(zhi)(zhi)齐,求(qiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)实(shi)(shi),理(li)(li)(li)未为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)允。窃谓公主(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)爵(jue)(jue),既(ji)非食菜(cai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun);家(jia)(jia)令(ling)(ling)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)官,又(you)无(wu)纯臣(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)式。若附如(ru)母,则(ze)(ze)情(qing)义罔施(shi)(shi);若准小(xiao)君(jun),则(ze)(ze)从服(fu)(fu)无(wu)据。案如(ru)经礼(li),事无(wu)成(cheng)文(wen);即之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)愚见,谓不(bu)(bu)应服(fu)(fu)。”朝廷从之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
景淹滞门(men)下,积岁不至显(xian)官,以蜀司马相(xiang)(xiang)如、王褒、严(yan)(yan)(yan)君平、扬子(zi)云等四(si)贤,皆有(you)高才(cai)(cai)(cai)而无(wu)(wu)重位,乃托意以赞(zan)(zan)之。其赞(zan)(zan)司马相(xiang)(xiang)如曰(yue)(yue):“长卿有(you)艳才(cai)(cai)(cai),直致不群(qun)性。郁若春(chun)烟举,皎(jiao)如秋月映。游梁(liang)虽好仁,仕汉常(chang)称(cheng)病。清(qing)(qing)贞(zhen)非我事,穷达委(wei)天(tian)命(ming)(ming)。”其赞(zan)(zan)王子(zi)渊曰(yue)(yue):“王子(zi)挺秀质,逸(yi)气干青云。明珠既绝俗(su),白(bai)鹄(hu)信惊群(qun)。才(cai)(cai)(cai)世苟不合,遇否途自分。空枉碧鸡命(ming)(ming),徒献金马文。”其赞(zan)(zan)严(yan)(yan)(yan)君平曰(yue)(yue):“严(yan)(yan)(yan)公体沉静,立志明霜雪。味道综微(wei)言,端(duan)蓍演妙说。才(cai)(cai)(cai)屈罗仲口,位结李强舌。素尚迈金贞(zhen),清(qing)(qing)标陵玉彻。”其赞(zan)(zan)扬子(zi)云曰(yue)(yue):“蜀江导清(qing)(qing)流,扬子(zi)挹余(yu)休。含光绝后(hou)彦,覃思(si)邈前修。世轻久不赏,玄谈物(wu)无(wu)(wu)求。当途谢权宠,置酒独闲游。”
景(jing)(jing)在枢密十有余(yu)年,为侍中(zhong)崔(cui)光、卢昶、游肇、元晖尤所知赏。累迁积射将军(jun)、给事中(zhong)。延昌初(chu),东宫建,兼太子屯(tun)骑校尉,录事皆如故(gu)。其(qi)年受(shou)敕(chi)撰门下诏书(shu),凡四十卷。尚书(shu)元苌(chang)出为安西将军(jun)、雍(yong)州刺史,请景(jing)(jing)为司马,以(yi)景(jing)(jing)阶次不及,除录事参军(jun)、襄(xiang)威将军(jun),带(dai)长安令。甚有惠政,民吏称之。
先是,太常刘芳与景(jing)等撰(zhuan)朝(chao)令,未(wei)(wei)及(ji)班行。别典仪(yi)注,多所草创(chuang)。未(wei)(wei)成(cheng),芳卒,景(jing)纂成(cheng)其事(shi)。及(ji)世(shi)宗崩(beng),召景(jing)赴京(jing),还修仪(yi)注。拜谒(ye)者(zhe)仆射,加宁远将(jiang)军。又(you)以(yi)本(ben)官兼中书舍人(ren)。后授步兵校尉,仍舍人(ren)。又(you)敕撰(zhuan)太和之后朝(chao)仪(yi)已施行者(zhe),凡五十(shi)余(yu)卷。时(shi)灵(ling)太后诏(zhao)依汉世(shi)阴邓二后故(gu)事(shi),亲奉(feng)庙祀,与帝交献。景(jing)乃据正,以(yi)定仪(yi)注,朝(chao)廷(ting)是之。正光(guang)(guang)初,除(chu)龙骧将(jiang)军、中散(san)大夫,舍人(ren)如故(gu)。时(shi)肃宗行讲学之礼于国子(zi)寺,司徒崔光(guang)(guang)执经(jing),敕景(jing)与董(dong)绍(shao)、张彻、冯元(yuan)兴(xing)、王延业、郑(zheng)伯猷等俱为(wei)录义。事(shi)毕,又(you)行释(shi)奠之礼,并诏(zhao)百官作释(shi)奠诗(shi),时(shi)以(yi)景(jing)作为(wei)美。
是年九月,蠕蠕主阿那瑰归(gui)阙,朝廷(ting)疑其位(wei)次。高阳(yang)王雍访景,景曰:“昔咸宁中,南单(dan)于来朝,晋世处之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)王公、特进之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下。今日为班,宜在(zai)蕃王、仪同三司之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间。”雍从之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。朝廷(ting)典章,疑而不决,则时访景而行。
初,平(ping)齐之后,光禄大夫(fu)高聪(cong)徙于北京,中书监(jian)高允为之娉妻,给其资宅。聪(cong)后为允立碑,每云(yun):“吾以此文(wen)(wen)报德,足(zu)矣。”豫州刺史常(chang)绰以未尽其美。景尚允才器(qi),先为《遗(yi)德颂(song)》,司(si)徒崔光闻而观之,寻(xun)味(wei)良久,乃云(yun):“高光禄平(ping)日每矜其文(wen)(wen),自许报允之德,今见常(chang)生此《颂(song)》,高氏(shi)不得独擅其美也。”侍中崔光、安(an)丰(feng)王延(yan)明受诏议定服(fu)章,敕景参(can)修其事。寻(xun)进号冠(guan)军将军。
阿那瑰之还国也(ye),境上迁延,仍陈窘乏。遣(qian)尚(shang)书左丞元(yuan)孚奉(feng)诏振恤,阿那瑰执孚过(guo)柔玄,奔于(yu)漠(mo)北。遣(qian)尚(shang)书令李崇(chong)、御(yu)史中(zhong)尉兼右(you)仆(pu)射元(yuan)纂追讨,不及。乃令景出塞,经(jing)瓫山,临瀚(han)海,宣(xuan)敕勒众而(er)返。景经(jing)涉山水,怅然怀古(gu),乃拟刘(liu)琨《扶风歌》十(shi)二首。
进号征虏将(jiang)军。孝昌初,兼给事黄(huang)门侍(shi)郎。寻除(chu)左将(jiang)军、太府少卿,仍舍人。固(gu)辞少卿不(bu)拜,改授(shou)散骑常侍(shi),将(jiang)军如(ru)故。徐州刺(ci)史(shi)元法(fa)僧叛入萧(xiao)衍,衍遣(qian)其豫章王(wang)萧(xiao)综(zong)入据彭城。时安丰王(wang)延(yan)明为大都督(du)(du)(du)、大行台,率临(lin)淮王(wang)彧等众军讨之。既而萧(xiao)综(zong)降附,徐州清(qing)复,遣(qian)景兼尚书,持节驰与行台、都督(du)(du)(du)观机部(bu)分。景经洛汭,乃作(zuo)铭(ming)焉。是时,尚书令萧(xiao)宝夤,都督(du)(du)(du)崔延(yan)伯,都督(du)(du)(du)、北海王(wang)颢,都督(du)(du)(du)、车骑将(jiang)军元恆芝等并各出讨,诏(zhao)景诣军宣旨(zhi)劳问。还,以本(ben)将(jiang)军授(shou)徐州刺(ci)史(shi)。
杜洛(luo)(luo)周反(fan)于(yu)燕(yan)州(zhou)(zhou),仍(reng)以(yi)景(jing)(jing)兼尚书为(wei)(wei)行(xing)台(tai),与幽州(zhou)(zhou)都(dou)(dou)(dou)督(du)、平北将(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)(jun)元谭(tan)以(yi)御(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。景(jing)(jing)表求(qiu)勒幽州(zhou)(zhou)诸县悉(xi)入(ru)古城(cheng)(cheng),山(shan)路有(you)通贼(zei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)处(chu),权发(fa)兵(bing)夫,随宜置(zhi)戍(shu),以(yi)为(wei)(wei)防(fang)遏。又以(yi)顷来差兵(bing),不尽(jin)强壮,今(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)三长(zhang),皆(jie)是豪门多丁为(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),今(jin)求(qiu)权发(fa)为(wei)(wei)兵(bing)。肃宗皆(jie)从之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。进号平北将(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)(jun)。别敕谭(tan)西(xi)至军(jun)(jun)都(dou)(dou)(dou)关,北从卢龙塞,据此二嶮(xian),以(yi)杜贼(zei)出入(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)路。又诏(zhao)(zhao)景(jing)(jing)山(shan)中险(xian)路之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)处(chu),悉(xi)令捍塞。景(jing)(jing)遣(qian)府录事参军(jun)(jun)裴(pei)智(zhi)成发(fa)范阳(yang)(yang)三长(zhang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兵(bing)以(yi)守(shou)白闰,都(dou)(dou)(dou)督(du)元谭(tan)据居(ju)庸下(xia)口。俄而(er)安州(zhou)(zhou)石离、冗城(cheng)(cheng)、斛盐三戍(shu)兵(bing)反(fan),结(jie)洛(luo)(luo)周,有(you)众二万余(yu)落,自(zi)松(song)岍赴贼(zei)。谭(tan)勒别将(jiang)(jiang)崔(cui)仲(zhong)(zhong)哲(zhe)等(deng)(deng)截军(jun)(jun)都(dou)(dou)(dou)关以(yi)待之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。仲(zhong)(zhong)哲(zhe)战没,洛(luo)(luo)周又自(zi)外应之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),腹背受(shou)敌,谭(tan)遂大(da)(da)败(bai),诸军(jun)(jun)夜散。诏(zhao)(zhao)以(yi)景(jing)(jing)所部别将(jiang)(jiang)李(li)琚为(wei)(wei)都(dou)(dou)(dou)督(du),代谭(tan)征下(xia)口,降景(jing)(jing)为(wei)(wei)后将(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)(jun),解(jie)州(zhou)(zhou)任,仍(reng)诏(zhao)(zhao)景(jing)(jing)为(wei)(wei)幽安玄等(deng)(deng)四州(zhou)(zhou)行(xing)台(tai)。贼(zei)既南(nan)出,钞掠(lve)蓟(ji)(ji)城(cheng)(cheng),景(jing)(jing)命统军(jun)(jun)梁仲(zhong)(zhong)礼率兵(bing)士邀(yao)击,破之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),获贼(zei)将(jiang)(jiang)御(yu)夷镇军(jun)(jun)主孙(sun)念恆。都(dou)(dou)(dou)督(du)李(li)琚为(wei)(wei)贼(zei)所攻,蓟(ji)(ji)城(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)北军(jun)(jun)败(bai)而(er)死(si)。率属城(cheng)(cheng)人御(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),贼(zei)不敢(gan)逼。洛(luo)(luo)周还据上谷。授景(jing)(jing)平北将(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)(jun)、光禄大(da)(da)夫,行(xing)台(tai)如故。洛(luo)(luo)周遣(qian)其都(dou)(dou)(dou)督(du)王曹纥真、马叱斤等(deng)(deng)率众蓟(ji)(ji)南(nan),以(yi)掠(lve)人谷,乃(nai)遇连雨,贼(zei)众疲劳。景(jing)(jing)与都(dou)(dou)(dou)督(du)于(yu)荣(rong)(rong)、刺史王延(yan)(yan)年(nian)置(zhi)兵(bing)粟国邀(yao)其走(zou)路。大(da)(da)败(bai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),斩曹纥真。洛(luo)(luo)周率众南(nan)趋范阳(yang)(yang),景(jing)(jing)与延(yan)(yan)年(nian)及(ji)荣(rong)(rong)复破之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。又遣(qian)别将(jiang)(jiang)重破之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)州(zhou)(zhou)西(xi)虎眼泉,擒斩及(ji)溺死(si)者(zhe)甚众。后洛(luo)(luo)周南(nan)围范阳(yang)(yang),城(cheng)(cheng)人翻(fan)降,执(zhi)刺史延(yan)(yan)年(nian)及(ji)景(jing)(jing)送于(yu)洛(luo)(luo)周。洛(luo)(luo)周寻(xun)为(wei)(wei)葛荣(rong)(rong)所吞,景(jing)(jing)又入(ru)荣(rong)(rong)。荣(rong)(rong)破,景(jing)(jing)得还朝。
永安初,诏复本(ben)官,兼黄(huang)门(men)侍(shi)郎,又摄著作,固辞不就(jiu)。二年,除中(zhong)军将(jiang)军、正黄(huang)门(men)。先(xian)是(shi),参议《正光壬子历》,至是(shi)赐爵高阳(yang)子。元(yuan)颢内逼,庄帝北巡,景与(yu)侍(shi)中(zhong)、大司马、安丰王延明在禁中(zhong)召诸亲宾,安慰京师。颢入洛(luo),景仍(reng)居本(ben)位。庄帝还宫,解黄(huang)门(men)。普泰初,除车骑将(jiang)军、右光禄(lu)大夫、秘书监。以(yi)预诏命之勤,封濮阳(yang)县子。后以(yi)例追。永熙二年,监议事(shi)。
景自(zi)少及老,恆(heng)居(ju)事(shi)任(ren)。清(qing)俭自(zi)守,不(bu)营产业(ye),至(zhi)于衣食(shi),取济而(er)已(yi)。耽好(hao)经史(shi),爱玩文词,若遇新异之书,殷勤(qin)求访,或复质买(mai),不(bu)问价之贵贱,必以得(de)(de)为期(qi)。友人刁(diao)整每谓曰(yue)(yue):“卿清(qing)德自(zi)居(ju),不(bu)事(shi)家业(ye),虽俭约可尚(shang),将何以自(zi)济也?吾恐挚太常方(fang)餧于柏谷耳。”遂与(yu)卫将军羊深矜其所乏,乃率刁(diao)双、司马(ma)彦邕、李谐、毕祖彦、毕义显等各出钱千文而(er)为买(mai)马(ma)焉(yan)。天平初,迁鄴,景匹马(ma)从(cong)驾(jia)。是时诏下(xia)三日(ri),户四(si)(si)十万狼狈(bei)就(jiu)道,收百官马(ma),尚(shang)书丞郎已(yi)下(xia)非陪从(cong)者尽乘驴。齐献武(wu)王(wang)以景清(qing)贫,特给(ji)车牛四(si)(si)乘,妻孥方(fang)得(de)(de)达鄴。后除仪同三司,仍本(ben)将军。武(wu)定六年(nian)(nian),以老疾去官。诏曰(yue)(yue):“几杖为礼(li),安(an)车致养,敬齿尊贤(xian),其来尚(shang)矣。景艺业(ye)该通,文史(shi)渊洽,历事(shi)三京,年(nian)(nian)弥五纪,朝章言(yan)归,禄俸无余,家徒(tu)壁立(li),宜从(cong)哀(ai)恤,以旌元老。可特给(ji)右光禄事(shi)力,终其身(shen)。”八年(nian)(nian)薨。
景善与人交,终始(shi)若(ruo)一,其(qi)游处者,皆服其(qi)深远之(zhi)度(du),未(wei)曾见其(qi)矜吝之(zhi)心。好饮酒,澹于(yu)荣利,自得怀抱,不事(shi)权门(men)。性(xing)和厚恭慎。每读书,见韦(wei)弦之(zhi)事(shi),深薄之(zhi)危,乃图古昔可(ke)以鉴戒,指事(shi)为(wei)象,赞而(er)述之(zhi),曰(yue):
《周雅》云:“谓天盖高(gao),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)敢(gan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)跼;谓地盖厚(hou),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)敢(gan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)蹐。”有(you)朝隐大(da)夫(fu)监戒斯文,乃惕焉而(er)(er)惧曰:“夫(fu)道丧则(ze)(ze)世倾,利重则(ze)(ze)身轻(qing)。是(shi)(shi)故(gu)(gu)乘和体逊,式铭方册,防(fang)微(wei)慎独,载象丹青。信哉(zai)辞(ci)人之(zhi)赋,文晦而(er)(er)理明。仰瞻高(gao)天,听卑视谛;俯测厚(hou)地,岳峻川渟。谁其戴之(zhi),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)私不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)畏;谁其践之(zhi),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)陷(xian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)坠(zhui)。故(gu)(gu)善(shan)恶是(shi)(shi)征,物(wu)罔同(tong)异。论亢(kang)匪久,人咸(xian)敬(jing)忌。嗟乎(hu)(hu)!唯地厚(hou)矣,尚亦兢兢。浩浩名位,孰识(shi)其亲?搏之(zhi)弗(fu)得(de),聆之(zhi)无(wu)闻。故(gu)(gu)有(you)戒于(yu)显而(er)(er)急(ji)乎(hu)(hu)微(wei)。好(hao)爵是(shi)(shi)冒,声奢是(shi)(shi)基。身陷(xian)于(yu)禄(lu)利,言溺于(yu)是(shi)(shi)非(fei)。或求欲而(er)(er)未厌,或知(zhi)足(zu)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)辞(ci)。是(shi)(shi)故(gu)(gu)位高(gao)而(er)(er)势(shi)愈(yu)迫,正立而(er)(er)邪愈(yu)欺。安有(you)位极(ji)而(er)(er)危(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)萃(cui),邪荣(rong)而(er)(er)正不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)凋(diao)?故(gu)(gu)悔多(duo)于(yu)地厚(hou),祸(huo)甚(shen)于(yu)天高(gao)。夫(fu)悔未结,谁肯曲躬?夫(fu)祸(huo)未加,谁肯累足(zu)?固机发而(er)(er)后思(si)图,车覆(fu)而(er)(er)后改(gai)躅。改(gai)之(zhi)无(wu)及,故(gu)(gu)狡兔失(shi)穴;思(si)之(zhi)在后,故(gu)(gu)逆鳞(lin)易触(chu)。
君子(zi)则不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)然。体舒则怀卷,视(shi)溺则思济。原夫人之(zhi)度,邈于(yu)(yu)无(wu)(wu)阶之(zhi)天;势位之(zhi)危,深于(yu)(yu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)测之(zhi)地(di)。饵厚(hou)而(er)(er)躬不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)竞(jing),爵(jue)降而(er)(er)心不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)系(xi)。守(shou)善于(yu)(yu)已成(cheng),惧愆于(yu)(yu)未败(bai)。虽盈而(er)(er)戒冲,通而(er)(er)虑滞。以知(zhi)命为遐龄,以乐(le)天为大惠(hui);以戢智而(er)(er)从时,以怀愚而(er)(er)游世。曲躬焉(yan),累足焉(yan)。苟(gou)行之(zhi)昼已决矣,犹夜则思其计。诵之(zhi)口(kou)亦明矣,故心必赏其契。故能不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)诱,而(er)(er)弭谤于(yu)(yu)群小(xiao);无(wu)(wu)毁无(wu)(wu)誉,而(er)(er)贻信于(yu)(yu)上帝。托身(shen)与(yu)金(jin)石(shi)俱坚,立名与(yu)天壤相敝。嚣竞(jing)无(wu)(wu)侵,优(you)游独逝。夫如(ru)是,故绮阁金(jin)门,可安其宅;锦衣玉食(shi),可颐其形(xing)。柳下三黜,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)愠其色;子(zi)文三陟,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)喜(xi)其情。
而(er)惑(huo)者见居高可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)持势,欲(yu)(yu)乘(cheng)高以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)据荣;见直道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)修己,欲(yu)(yu)专(zhuan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)邀(yao)声(sheng)。夫去声(sheng),然(ran)后声(sheng)可(ke)立(li),岂矜道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)宣?虑危然(ran)后安可(ke)固,岂假道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)全?是以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)君子鉴恃道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)不(bu)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)流声(sheng),故去声(sheng)而(er)怀道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao);鉴专(zhuan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)不(bu)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)守(shou)势,故去势以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)崇道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)。何(he)者?履(lv)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)虽(sui)高,不(bu)得(de)无(wu)亢;求声(sheng)虽(sui)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao),不(bu)得(de)无(wu)悔。然(ran)则声(sheng)奢繁则实(shi)俭凋(diao),功业进则身(shen)(shen)迹退(tui)。如此,则精灵遂越,骄侈自(zi)亲。情(qing)(qing)与(yu)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)绝,事(shi)与(yu)势邻。方欲(yu)(yu)役(yi)思以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)持势,乘(cheng)势以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)求津。故利(li)欲(yu)(yu)诱其情(qing)(qing),祸(huo)难(nan)(nan)婴(ying)其身(shen)(shen)。利(li)欲(yu)(yu)交(jiao)(jiao),则幽明(ming)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)变(bian);祸(huo)难(nan)(nan)构,则智(zhi)术无(wu)所(suo)陈。若然(ran)者,虽(sui)縻爵帝(di)扃,焉得(de)而(er)宁之(zhi)(zhi)?虽(sui)结佩皇庭,焉得(de)而(er)荣之(zhi)(zhi)?故身(shen)(shen)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)未(wei)究,而(er)崇邪(xie)之(zhi)(zhi)径已形;成功未(wei)立(li),而(er)修正(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)术已生。福禄交(jiao)(jiao)蹇于(yu)人事(shi),屯(tun)难(nan)(nan)顿萃于(yu)时情(qing)(qing)。忠介剖(pou)心于(yu)白(bai)日,耿(geng)节沉骨于(yu)幽灵。因斯愚智(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)机(ji),倚伏(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)系,全亡之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)依,其在(zai)逊顺而(er)已哉。呜呼(hu)(hu)鉴之(zhi)(zhi)!呜呼(hu)(hu)鉴之(zhi)(zhi)!
景所著述数百篇(pian),见行(xing)于世,删正(zheng)晋司空(kong)张(zhang)华(hua)《博(bo)物志》及撰《儒林(lin)》、《列女传》各数十篇(pian)云。
长子昶,少学识,有文才。早(zao)卒。
昶弟(di)彪(biao)之(zhi)。永(yong)安中,司空(kong)行参军。
史臣曰:琰之好学博闻,郁为邦彦。祖莹干能艺用,实曰时良。常景以文义见宗,著美当代。览其遗稿,可称尚哉。
更多有关魏书 二十四史 的资料