爱上海

 华语网 > 文言专题 > 文言文经典名著 > 正文

晋书 列传第六十二在线阅读

作者:佚名 文章来源:会员上传 请你点此纠错或发表评论

晋书(shu)--列传第六十二

文苑


  ○应贞 成公(gong)绥 左思 赵至 邹(zou)湛 枣据(ju) 褚陶 王沉 张(zhang)翰 庾阐 曹毗李充 袁宏 伏滔 罗含 顾恺之 郭澄之

夫文(wen)以化成(cheng),惟圣之(zhi)高义;行而不远(yuan),前史(shi)之(zhi)格言。是以温洛(luo)祯(zhen)图(tu),绿字符其(qi)丕业;苑山(shan)灵篆,金简成(cheng)其(qi)帝(di)载(zai)。既而书(shu)契之(zhi)道聿(yu)兴,钟石之(zhi)文(wen)逾广,移风俗于王化,崇(chong)孝(xiao)敬(jing)于人伦,经纬乾(qian)坤(kun),弥纶中外(wai),故知(zhi)文(wen)之(zhi)时义大哉远(yuan)矣!

洎姬历云季,歌(ge)颂滋繁,荀(xun)宋(song)之(zhi)流,导源自远(yuan),总金羁而齐骛(wu),扬(yang)玉轪(dai)而并驰,言泉(quan)会(hui)于(yu)九流,交律诣于(yu)六变。自时已(yi)降,轨躅同趋,西都贾(jia)马,耀灵蛇(she)于(yu)掌(zhang)握(wo),东汉班张,发(fa)雕龙于(yu)绨椠(qian),俱标称(cheng)首,咸推(tui)雄伯。逮乎当(dang)涂基(ji)命,文宗(zong)郁起,三祖叶(ye)其(qi)(qi)高韵,七(qi)子分(fen)其(qi)(qi)丽则,《翰林》总其(qi)(qi)菁(jing)华(hua),《典(dian)(dian)论》详其(qi)(qi)澡绚,彬蔚之(zhi)美,竞爽当(dang)年。独彼(bi)陈王,思风遒举(ju),备乎典(dian)(dian)奥,悬诸(zhu)日月。

及金行纂极,文雅斯盛,张载擅铭山(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)美(mei),陆机挺焚研之(zhi)(zhi)奇(qi),潘夏连辉,颉(jie)颃名辈,并综采繁缛,杼轴清英,穷广内之(zhi)(zhi)青编,缉平台之(zhi)(zhi)丽曲,嘉声茂迹,陈诸别传。至于(yu)吉甫、太冲,江(jiang)右之(zhi)(zhi)才杰(jie);曹毗、庾(yu)阐,中兴之(zhi)(zhi)时秀。信乃金相(xiang)玉润(run),林荟川冲,埒(lie)美(mei)前(qian)修,垂裕来叶。今撰其(qi)鸿笔(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)彦,著之(zhi)(zhi)《文苑》云。

应贞(zhen),字吉甫,汝南(nan)南(nan)顿人,魏侍中璩(qu)之子也(ye)。自(zi)汉至魏,世以(yi)文章显,轩(xuan)冕相袭,为(wei)郡盛(sheng)族。贞(zhen)善(shan)谈论,以(yi)才学称(cheng)。夏侯玄有盛(sheng)名,贞(zhen)诣玄,玄甚重之。举高第,频历显位。武帝为(wei)抚军(jun)(jun)大将(jiang)军(jun)(jun),以(yi)为(wei)参军(jun)(jun)。及践(jian)阼,迁给事中。帝于(yu)华林园(yuan)宴射,贞(zhen)赋诗最(zui)美。其辞曰:

悠(you)悠(you)太上,人之厥初。皇极(ji)肇建,彝伦攸敷。五(wu)德更运,应(ying)录(lu)受符。陶唐(tang)既谢,天历在虞。于时(shi)上帝,乃顾惟(wei)眷(juan)。光(guang)我晋祚,应(ying)期纳禅。位(wei)以龙飞,文以豹变。玄泽(ze)滂流,仁风潜(qian)扇。区内宅心(xin),方(fang)隅(yu)回面。天垂其(qi)象,地耀其(qi)文。凤鸣朝阳,龙翔(xiang)景云。嘉禾(he)重颖(ying),蓂(ming)荚载芬。率土(tu)咸宁,人胥悦欣。

恢恢皇度,穆穆圣容。言思其允,貌思其恭。在(zai)视斯(si)明。在(zai)听(ting)斯(si)聪。登庸以德,明试以功。其恭惟(wei)何?昧旦丕显。无义不(bu)经,无理(li)不(bu)践。行舍其华,言去其辩。游心至虚,同规易简。六府孔修,九有(you)来践。泽罔不(bu)被(bei),化莫(mo)不(bu)加。声教南暨(ji),西渐流沙(sha)。幽人(ren)肆险,远(yuan)国(guo)忘遐;越常重译,充牣皇家。峨峨列辟,赫(he)赫(he)武臣。内和五品,外威四宾。顺时(shi)贡职(zhi),入(ru)觐天(tian)人(ren)。备言锡命(ming),羽盖硃(zhu)轮。

贻宴好会,不常厥(jue)数。神心所(suo)授,不言而喻。于(yu)时肆射,弓矢斯具(ju)。发彼互的,有酒(jiu)斯饫。文武之道,厥(jue)猷未坠。在昔(xi)先(xian)王,射御兹器。示(shi)武惧(ju)荒,过则有失。凡厥(jue)群后,无(wu)懈(xie)于(yu)位。

初(chu)置太子中(zhong)庶子官,贞(zhen)与(yu)护军长史孔恂(xun)俱为(wei)之。后迁散骑(qi)常侍,以儒学与(yu)太尉荀顗撰(zhuan)定新礼,未施(shi)行。泰始(shi)五(wu)年卒,文集行于世。

弟纯(chun)。纯(chun)子(zi)绍,永嘉中,至黄门郎,为东海(hai)王越(yue)所害(hai)。纯(chun)弟秀,秀子(zi)詹,自(zi)有传。

成公绥(sui),字(zi)子安,东(dong)郡白马人(ren)也。幼而聪(cong)敏,博涉经传(chuan)。性寡(gua)欲,不营资(zi)产(chan),家贫(pin)岁饥,常晏(yan)如也。少有(you)(you)俊(jun)才,词赋甚(shen)丽(li),闲默自守,不求闻(wen)达。时(shi)有(you)(you)孝乌,每集(ji)其庐(lu)舍,绥(sui)谓有(you)(you)反哺之(zhi)德,以(yi)为(wei)祥禽,乃(nai)作赋美之(zhi),文(wen)多不载。又以(yi)“赋者贵能分(fen)赋物理,敷演(yan)无方,天地(di)之(zhi)盛,可(ke)以(yi)致思矣。历观(guan)古(gu)人(ren)未(wei)之(zhi)有(you)(you)赋,岂独以(yi)至丽(li)无文(wen),难以(yi)辞赞;不然,何其阙哉?”遂(sui)为(wei)《天地(di)赋》曰:

惟自然之初(chu)载兮(xi)(xi),道(dao)虚无而(er)玄清(qing),太素纷以(yi)(yi)溷淆兮(xi)(xi),始有(you)物而(er)混成,何元一之芒昧兮(xi)(xi),廓开(kai)辟而(er)著形(xing)。尔乃清(qing)浊剖分(fen),玄黄判离。太极既殊,是生两仪,星辰(chen)焕列,日月重(zhong)规,天动(dong)以(yi)(yi)尊,地静以(yi)(yi)卑,昏(hun)明迭照(zhao),或盈或亏,阴阳协(xie)气而(er)代谢,寒暑随(sui)时而(er)推移。三才(cai)殊性,五(wu)行(xing)异位,千(qian)变万化,繁(fan)育(yu)庶类(lei),授之以(yi)(yi)形(xing),禀之以(yi)(yi)气。色表文采,声有(you)音律,覆载无方(fang),流形(xing)品物。鼓(gu)以(yi)(yi)雷霆,润(run)以(yi)(yi)庆云,八风翱(ao)翔,六气氤(yin)氲。蚑行(xing)蠕动(dong),方(fang)聚类(lei)分(fen),鳞(lin)殊族别,羽毛(mao)异群(qun),各(ge)含(han)精(jing)而(er)熔冶,咸受范于陶钧,何滋育(yu)之罔极兮(xi)(xi),伟造化之至神(shen)!

若天(tian)悬象(xiang)成文(wen),列宿有章(zhang),三辰烛耀,五(wu)纬重光,河汉委蛇而(er)(er)(er)带天(tian),虹(hong)兒偃蹇于昊苍,望(wang)舒弥节(jie)于九道,义和正辔于中黄,众星回而(er)(er)(er)环(huan)极,招摇运而(er)(er)(er)指(zhi)方(fang),白(bai)兽(shou)峙(zhi)(zhi)据于参(can)伐,青龙垂尾于心(xin)房(fang),玄龟匿首于女(nv)虚,硃(zhu)鸟奋(fen)翼(yi)于注张,帝皇正坐于紫宫,辅臣列位于文(wen)昌,垣屏骆驿而(er)(er)(er)珠连(lian),三台(tai)差(cha)池而(er)(er)(er)雁翔,轩(xuan)辕华(hua)布而(er)(er)(er)曲列,摄提(ti)鼎峙(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)相望(wang)。若乃(nai)征瑞表祥,灾变呈异,交(jiao)会薄蚀,抱晕(yun)带珥,流逆犯历,谴悟(wu)象(xiang)事,蓬容著而(er)(er)(er)妖害生,老人形而(er)(er)(er)主受喜,天(tian)矢黄而(er)(er)(er)国吉(ji)祥,彗孛发而(er)(er)(er)世(shi)所忌(ji)。

尔乃旁观四极,俯察地理,川渎(du)浩(hao)汗而(er)分流,山岳磊(lei)落而(er)罗峙,沧(cang)海(hai)沆(hang)漭(mang)而(er)四周,悬圃隆(long)崇(chong)而(er)特(te)起(qi),昆吾(wu)嘉于(yu)(yu)(yu)南极,烛龙(long)曜(yao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)北址,扶桑高于(yu)(yu)(yu)万(wan)仞(ren),寻木长(zhang)于(yu)(yu)(yu)千里,昆仑(lun)镇于(yu)(yu)(yu)阴(yin)隅(yu),赤(chi)县(xian)据于(yu)(yu)(yu)辰巳。于(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)八十一域(yu),区分方(fang)(fang)别(bie);风乖俗异,险断(duan)阻(zu)绝,万(wan)国罗布,九州并(bing)列(lie)。青冀(ji)白壤,荆衡涂泥,海(hai)岱赤(chi)埴(zhi),华梁青黎,兗带河洛,扬有(you)江(jiang)淮(huai)。辩(bian)方(fang)(fang)正土,经略建邦(bang),王(wang)圻九服,列(lie)国一同,连(lian)城比邑,深池(chi)高墉,康(kang)衢交路,四达五通。东(dong)至阳谷,西极泰濛(meng),南暨(ji)丹砲(pao),北尽空同。遐(xia)方(fang)(fang)外(wai)区,绝域(yu)殊邻,人(ren)首蛇躯,乌翼龙(long)身,衣毛被(bei)羽,或(huo)介或(huo)鳞,栖林浮水(shui),若兽若人(ren),居于(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)荒之(zhi)外(wai),处于(yu)(yu)(yu)巨海(hai)之(zhi)滨(bin)。

于(yu)(yu)是六合混一而(er)同宅,宇宙结体而(er)括(kuo)囊,浑(hun)元(yuan)运流而(er)无穷,阴阳循度而(er)率常(chang),回(hui)动纠纷而(er)乾乾,天(tian)道(dao)不息(xi)而(er)自强(qiang)。统群生而(er)载育(yu),人托命于(yu)(yu)所系,尊太一于(yu)(yu)上皇,奉万神于(yu)(yu)五帝,故万物之(zhi)所宗,必(bi)敬天(tian)而(er)事(shi)地(di)。

若(ruo)乃共工赫怒(nu),天柱(zhu)摧折,东南(nan)俄(e)其既(ji)倾,西北豁而中(zhong)裂,断鰲足(zu)而续(xu)毁,炼玉石(shi)而补缺。岂斯事之(zhi)(zhi)有征,将言者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)虚设?何阴(yin)阳之(zhi)(zhi)难测,伟二(er)仪之(zhi)(zhi)奓阔!

坤厚德以载(zai)物,乾资(zi)始而至(zhi)大,俯尽(jin)鉴于有形(xing),仰蔽视于所盖,游万物而极思,故一言于天外。

绥雅好音律(lv),尝当暑(shu)承风而(er)啸,泠然成(cheng)曲,因(yin)为(wei)《啸赋》曰(yue):

逸群公子,体奇好(hao)异,敖世(shi)忘荣,绝(jue)弃人事,希高(gao)慕(mu)古,长想远思,将登(deng)箕山以抗节,浮(fu)沧海以游(you)志。于(yu)(yu)是(shi)延友(you)生,集(ji)同好(hao),精性命(ming)之(zhi)至(zhi)机,研道德(de)之(zhi)玄奥(ao),愍流俗之(zhi)未悟,独(du)超然(ran)(ran)而(er)先觉,狭世(shi)路之(zhi)厄亻辟(pi),仰天(tian)衢而(er)高(gao)蹈,邈跨俗而(er)遗身(shen),乃慷(kang)慨(kai)而(er)长啸。于(yu)(yu)时(shi)曜(yao)灵俄景,流光濛汜,逍遥携手,踌(chou)躇步趾,发(fa)妙声于(yu)(yu)丹脣,激(ji)哀音(yin)(yin)于(yu)(yu)皓齿,响抑扬(yang)而(er)潜转,气冲(chong)郁而(er)熛起,协黄宫于(yu)(yu)清角,杂商羽于(yu)(yu)流征,飘浮(fu)云(yun)于(yu)(yu)泰清,集(ji)长风(feng)于(yu)(yu)万里(li)。曲既(ji)终而(er)响绝(jue),余遗玩而(er)未已(yi),良自然(ran)(ran)之(zhi)至(zhi)音(yin)(yin),非(fei)丝(si)竹之(zhi)所拟。是(shi)故声不(bu)(bu)假器,用(yong)不(bu)(bu)借物,近取诸身(shen),役(yi)心(xin)御气。动脣有(you)曲,发(fa)口成音(yin)(yin),触类(lei)感物,因歌随吟。大而(er)不(bu)(bu)洿,细而(er)不(bu)(bu)沈,清激(ji)切于(yu)(yu)竽(yu)笙,优润和瑟琴,玄妙足以通神(shen)悟灵,精微足以穷幽测深,收激(ji)楚之(zhi)哀荒(huang),节北里(li)之(zhi)奢淫,济(ji)洪灾于(yu)(yu)炎旱,反亢阳(yang)于(yu)(yu)重(zhong)阴。引唱(chang)万变(bian),曲用(yong)无方,和乐怡怿,悲伤摧(cui)藏。时(shi)幽散而(er)将绝(jue),中(zhong)矫历而(er)慷(kang)慨(kai),徐婉约而(er)优游(you),纷繁骛而(er)激(ji)扬(yang)。情(qing)既(ji)思而(er)能(neng)反,心(xin)虽哀而(er)不(bu)(bu)伤。总(zong)八音(yin)(yin)之(zhi)至(zhi)和,固极乐而(er)无荒(huang)。

若(ruo)乃登(deng)高台(tai)以临远,披文轩而(er)(er)(er)(er)骋望,喟仰抃而(er)(er)(er)(er)抗首(shou),嘈(cao)长引(yin)而(er)(er)(er)(er)憀亮。或(huo)(huo)舒肆而(er)(er)(er)(er)自反(fan),或(huo)(huo)徘徊(huai)而(er)(er)(er)(er)复放,或(huo)(huo)冉(ran)弱而(er)(er)(er)(er)柔挠,右澎濞而(er)(er)(er)(er)奔壮。横郁(yu)呜(wu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)滔涸,列缭眺(tiao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)清昶。逸气奋(fen)涌,缤纷交错,烈(lie)烈(lie)飚扬(yang),啾啾响(xiang)作。奏胡马之(zhi)长思,回寒风乎北(bei)朔,又似鸿雁之(zhi)将(jiang)雏,群鸣(ming)号(hao)乎沙漠(mo)。故能因(yin)形创声(sheng),随(sui)事(shi)造曲,应物无穷,机发(fa)响(xiang)速,怫郁(yu)冲(chong)流(liu),参谭云(yun)属,若(ruo)离若(ruo)合,将(jiang)绝复续。飞廉鼓于(yu)幽隧,猛(meng)兽应于(yu)中谷;南箕动于(yu)穹苍,清飚振(zhen)于(yu)乔木(mu);散滞积而(er)(er)(er)(er)播扬(yang),荡(dang)埃霭之(zhi)溷浊,变阴阳于(yu)至和(he),移淫风之(zhi)秽俗(su)。

若乃游崇冈(gang),陵景山(shan),临岩侧,望流川,坐磐石,漱清泉(quan),藉皋兰之(zhi)猗靡,廕修(xiu)竹之(zhi)蝉蜎,乃吟咏而发叹(tan),声驿驿而响连,舒蓄思之(zhi)悱愤,奋久结(jie)之(zhi)缠绵,心涤荡而无累(lei),志离俗而飘(piao)然(ran)。

若夫假象金革,拟则(ze)陶匏,众声繁奏,若笳若箫;磞硠震隐,訇盖聊嘈(cao)。发(fa)徵则(ze)隆冬(dong)熙烝,骋羽则(ze)严霜夏凋,动商则(ze)秋霖(lin)春降,奏角则(ze)谷风鸣条。音(yin)均(jun)不恆,曲无定制,行(xing)而不流,止而不滞(zhi),随(sui)口吻而发(fa)扬,假芳气(qi)而远(yuan)逝,音(yin)要妙而流响,声激嚁而清厉。信(xin)自然之(zhi)极丽,羌殊(shu)尤而绝世(shi),越《韶(shao)》《夏》与《咸池》,何(he)徒取异乎《郑》《卫(wei)》!

于时(shi)绵驹结舌(she)而(er)丧精,王豹杜口而(er)失(shi)色,虞公辍(chuo)声而(er)止歌,宁(ning)子敛手而(er)叹(tan)息,钟期(qi)弃琴而(er)改听,尼父忘味而(er)不食,百兽率(lv)儛而(er)拤足,凤皇来仪而(er)拊(fu)翼。乃知长啸之奇(qi)妙,此音声之至极。

张华雅重绥(sui),每见其文,叹伏以为绝伦,荐之(zhi)太常,征为博士(shi)。历秘书郎(lang)(lang),转丞,迁中书郎(lang)(lang)。每与华受诏并为诗赋,又与贾充(chong)等参定法律。泰始九年卒,年四(si)十三(san),所著诗赋杂(za)笔十余卷行(xing)于世。

左(zuo)思(si)(si)(si)(si),字太(tai)冲,齐国临淄人(ren)(ren)(ren)也。其(qi)(qi)先齐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)公(gong)族有(you)(you)左(zuo)右公(gong)子(zi),因为(wei)(wei)氏焉。家(jia)世儒学(xue)。父雍,起小吏(li),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)能(neng)擢授殿中侍御史。思(si)(si)(si)(si)小学(xue)钟(zhong)、胡书(shu)及鼓琴(qin),并不(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng)。雍谓友人(ren)(ren)(ren)曰(yue)(yue):“思(si)(si)(si)(si)所晓解,不(bu)(bu)(bu)及我少时。”思(si)(si)(si)(si)遂感激勤学(xue),兼善阴阳之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)术。貌寝,口讷(ne),而(er)辞(ci)(ci)(ci)藻壮(zhuang)丽。不(bu)(bu)(bu)好交(jiao)游(you),惟以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)闲居为(wei)(wei)事。造(zao)《齐都赋(fu)(fu)(fu)》,一年乃(nai)成(cheng)。复欲(yu)(yu)赋(fu)(fu)(fu)三(san)(san)都,会妹芬入(ru)宫(gong),移(yi)家(jia)京(jing)师,乃(nai)诣著(zhu)(zhu)作(zuo)郎张(zhang)(zhang)载(zai)(zai),访岷(min)邛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事。遂构思(si)(si)(si)(si)十(shi)年,门庭籓(fan)溷(hun),皆(jie)著(zhu)(zhu)笔纸(zhi),遇得一句,即(ji)便(bian)疏(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。自(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)所见不(bu)(bu)(bu)博,求为(wei)(wei)秘书(shu)郎。及赋(fu)(fu)(fu)成(cheng),时人(ren)(ren)(ren)未之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)重。思(si)(si)(si)(si)自(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)作(zuo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)谢班张(zhang)(zhang),恐(kong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)废言,安定(ding)皇(huang)甫(fu)谧(mi)有(you)(you)高誉(yu),思(si)(si)(si)(si)造(zao)而(er)示(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。谧(mi)称(cheng)善,为(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)赋(fu)(fu)(fu)序(xu)。张(zhang)(zhang)载(zai)(zai)为(wei)(wei)注《魏都》,刘(liu)逵注《吴》《蜀》而(er)序(xu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)(yue):“观中古以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)来为(wei)(wei)赋(fu)(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)多(duo)矣,相(xiang)如(ru)《子(zi)虚(xu)》擅名于(yu)前,班固《两都》理胜其(qi)(qi)辞(ci)(ci)(ci),张(zhang)(zhang)衡(heng)《二京(jing)》文过其(qi)(qi)意。至若此(ci)赋(fu)(fu)(fu),拟(ni)议(yi)数家(jia),傅辞(ci)(ci)(ci)会义,抑(yi)多(duo)精致(zhi),非夫研核者(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)练其(qi)(qi)旨,非夫博物者(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)统其(qi)(qi)异。世咸(xian)贵(gui)(gui)远而(er)贱近(jin),莫(mo)肯(ken)用(yong)心(xin)于(yu)明(ming)物。斯(si)文吾有(you)(you)异焉,故(gu)聊以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)余思(si)(si)(si)(si)为(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)引诂,亦(yi)犹胡广之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)《官箴》,蔡邕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)《典(dian)(dian)引》也。”陈留卫权又为(wei)(wei)思(si)(si)(si)(si)赋(fu)(fu)(fu)作(zuo)《略解》,序(xu)曰(yue)(yue):“余观《三(san)(san)都》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)赋(fu)(fu)(fu),言不(bu)(bu)(bu)苟华(hua),必经典(dian)(dian)要,品(pin)物殊类,禀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)图籍;辞(ci)(ci)(ci)义瑰(gui)玮(wei),良可贵(gui)(gui)也。有(you)(you)晋征(zheng)士(shi)故(gu)太(tai)子(zi)中庶子(zi)安定(ding)皇(huang)甫(fu)谧(mi),西州(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)逸士(shi),耽籍乐道(dao),高尚其(qi)(qi)事,览(lan)斯(si)文而(er)慷慨,为(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)都序(xu)。中书(shu)著(zhu)(zhu)作(zuo)郎安平张(zhang)(zhang)载(zai)(zai)、中书(shu)郎济南(nan)刘(liu)逵,并以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)经学(xue)洽(qia)博,才章美茂,咸(xian)皆(jie)悦玩,为(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)训诂;其(qi)(qi)山川土域(yu),草(cao)木鸟兽(shou),奇怪珍异,佥皆(jie)研精所由,纷散(san)其(qi)(qi)义矣。余嘉其(qi)(qi)文,不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)默(mo)已,聊藉二子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)遗忘(wang),又为(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)《略解》,祗增烦重,览(lan)者(zhe)(zhe)阙焉。”自(zi)是之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后,盛(sheng)重于(yu)时,文多(duo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)载(zai)(zai)。司空(kong)张(zhang)(zhang)华(hua)见而(er)叹曰(yue)(yue):“班张(zhang)(zhang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流也。使读之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)尽而(er)有(you)(you)余,久而(er)更新(xin)。”于(yu)是豪贵(gui)(gui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)家(jia)竞相(xiang)传写,洛阳为(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)纸(zhi)贵(gui)(gui)。初,陆(lu)机入(ru)洛,欲(yu)(yu)为(wei)(wei)此(ci)赋(fu)(fu)(fu),闻思(si)(si)(si)(si)作(zuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),抚掌而(er)笑,与弟(di)云书(shu)曰(yue)(yue):“此(ci)间有(you)(you)伧父,欲(yu)(yu)作(zuo)《三(san)(san)都赋(fu)(fu)(fu)》,须其(qi)(qi)成(cheng),当以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)覆酒(jiu)甕耳。”及思(si)(si)(si)(si)赋(fu)(fu)(fu)出,机绝叹伏,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)加也,遂辍笔焉。

秘书(shu)监贾谧请讲《汉(han)书(shu)》,谧诛,退(tui)居(ju)宜春里(li),专意典籍(ji)。齐王(wang)冏(jiong)命为记室督,辞疾,不就。及张(zhang)方(fang)纵暴都邑,举家适冀(ji)州。数岁,以疾终。

赵至(zhi),字(zi)(zi)景(jing)真,代郡人(ren)也。寓(yu)居洛阳(yang)。缑氏令(ling)初到官(guan),至(zhi)年(nian)十三,与(yu)母同观。母曰:“汝(ru)先世本非微贱,世乱(luan)流离,遂(sui)为(wei)士伍耳。尔后(hou)能(neng)如(ru)此不(bu)?”至(zhi)感母言,诣(yi)师受业。闻父(fu)耕叱牛声,投书而泣(qi)。师怪问之(zhi)(zhi),至(zhi)曰:“我(wo)小未能(neng)荣养,使老父(fu)不(bu)免勤苦。”师甚异之(zhi)(zhi)。年(nian)十四,诣(yi)洛阳(yang),游(you)太(tai)(tai)学,遇(yu)(yu)嵇康(kang)于学写石经,徘徊视之(zhi)(zhi),不(bu)能(neng)去,而请问姓名(ming)。康(kang)曰:“年(nian)少何以(yi)问邪?”曰:“观君风器非常,所以(yi)问耳。”康(kang)异而告之(zhi)(zhi)。后(hou)乃亡到山阳(yang),求康(kang)不(bu)得而还。又将远(yuan)学,母禁之(zhi)(zhi),至(zhi)遂(sui)阳(yang)狂,走三五里,辄追得之(zhi)(zhi)。年(nian)十六,游(you)鄴,复与(yu)康(kang)相遇(yu)(yu),随(sui)康(kang)还山阳(yang),改名(ming)浚,字(zi)(zi)允(yun)元。康(kang)每曰:“卿头小而锐(rui),童子白(bai)黑分(fen)明,有白(bai)起之(zhi)(zhi)风矣。”及(ji)康(kang)卒,至(zhi)诣(yi)魏(wei)兴见太(tai)(tai)守张嗣宗(zong),甚被(bei)优遇(yu)(yu)。嗣宗(zong)迁江夏相,随(sui)到涢川,欲因入吴,而嗣宗(zong)卒,乃向(xiang)辽西(xi)而占户焉。

初,至与康兄子蕃友善,及将远适,乃与蕃书叙(xu)离,并(bing)陈其(qi)志曰:

昔李叟(sou)入秦,及关而(er)(er)(er)叹;梁(liang)生适越,登(deng)(deng)岳(yue)长(zhang)谣。夫以(yi)嘉遁(dun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)举,犹(you)怀恋恨,况乎不得已者哉!惟(wei)别之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后,离群独逝,背荣宴,辞伦好,经迥路,造沙漠。鸡鸣戒旦,则(ze)(ze)(ze)飘(piao)尔(er)晨征;日薄西山(shan),则(ze)(ze)(ze)马首靡托。寻(xun)历曲阻,则(ze)(ze)(ze)沈思纡(yu)结;登(deng)(deng)高远眺(tiao),则(ze)(ze)(ze)山(shan)川攸隔。或(huo)乃回风狂(kuang)厉,白日寝光,徙(xi)倚交(jiao)错(cuo),陵隰相望,徘徊九皋(gao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)内,慷慨重阜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)颠(dian),进无(wu)所由,退无(wu)所据,涉泽求(qiu)蹊,披榛觅(mi)路,啸(xiao)咏(yong)沟渠,良不可(ke)度。斯亦行路之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)艰难,然非吾心(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所惧(ju)也(ye)。至(zhi)若兰芷(zhi)倾顿,桂林移殖,根萌(meng)未(wei)树而(er)(er)(er)牙浅弦急,每恐风波潜(qian)骇,危(wei)机密(mi)发,此(ci)所以(yi)怵惕于(yu)长(zhang)衢也(ye)。又(you)北土之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)性,难以(yi)托根,投(tou)人(ren)夜光,鲜不按剑。今将(jiang)殖橘(ju)柚(you)于(yu)玄朔,蒂华藕于(yu)修(xiu)陵,表龙(long)章于(yu)裸壤,奏(zou)《韶(shao)》《武》于(yu)聋俗,固难以(yi)取贵(gui)矣(yi)(yi)。夫物不我贵(gui)则(ze)(ze)(ze)莫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)与,莫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)与则(ze)(ze)(ze)伤(shang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者至(zhi)矣(yi)(yi)。飘(piao)飖(yao)远游之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士,托身无(wu)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乡(xiang),总(zong)辔遐(xia)路,则(ze)(ze)(ze)有(you)前言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)难;悬鞍陋(lou)宇,则(ze)(ze)(ze)有(you)后虑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)戒;朝霞启(qi)晖,则(ze)(ze)(ze)身疲而(er)(er)(er)遄征;太阳戢(ji)曜,则(ze)(ze)(ze)情劬而(er)(er)(er)夕惕;肆目(mu)平隰,则(ze)(ze)(ze)寥廓而(er)(er)(er)无(wu)睹(du);极听修(xiu)原,则(ze)(ze)(ze)掩寂而(er)(er)(er)无(wu)闻。吁其(qi)悲矣(yi)(yi)!心(xin)伤(shang)瘁矣(yi)(yi)!然后知步骤(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士不足为贵(gui)也(ye)。

顾景中原,愤(fen)(fen)中云踊,哀物悼(dao)世,激情风厉。龙啸大野,兽睇六合(he),猛(meng)志纷纭,雄心四据。思蹑云梯,横奋八极,披艰扫秽,荡海夷(yi)岳,蹴昆仑使西倒(dao),蹋(ta)太山令东覆(fu),平涤九区,恢维宇宙,斯吾(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)鄙愿也。时不(bu)我与(yu),垂(chui)翼远逝,锋距靡加,六翮摧屈,自非(fei)知命,孰(shu)能不(bu)愤(fen)(fen)悒者哉!吾(wu)(wu)子殖根芳苑,濯(zhuo)秀(xiu)清流,晞叶华崖,飞藻(zao)云肆,俯(fu)据潜(qian)龙之(zhi)(zhi)渚(zhu),仰廕游凤(feng)之(zhi)(zhi)林(lin),荣曜眩其(qi)(qi)(qi)前,艳色饵(er)其(qi)(qi)(qi)后(hou),良畴交其(qi)(qi)(qi)左(zuo),声名驰(chi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)右,翱翔(xiang)伦党(dang)之(zhi)(zhi)间,弄姿帷房之(zhi)(zhi)裹,从容顾眄(mian),绰(chuo)有余裕,俯(fu)仰吟啸,自以为得志矣,岂能与(yu)吾(wu)(wu)曹同大丈夫之(zhi)(zhi)忧乐哉!

去矣(yi)嵇生,远(yuan)离隔矣(yi)!茕茕飘寄(ji),临(lin)沙漠矣(yi)!悠(you)悠(you)三(san)千,路难涉矣(yi)!携(xie)手(shou)之期,邈无日(ri)矣(yi)!思心(xin)弥结(jie),谁(shei)云释矣(yi)!无金玉尔音而有遐心(xin)。身虽胡越,意存断金。各敬尔仪,敦(dun)履璞(pu)沈(shen),繁华流荡,君子弗钦。临(lin)纸意结(jie),知复何云。

至身长七(qi)尺四寸(cun),论议精辩,有(you)从(cong)横才气。辽(liao)西举郡计(ji)吏,到(dao)洛,与父相(xiang)遇。时母已亡,父欲(yu)令(ling)其宦立,弗之(zhi)告(gao),仍戒以(yi)(yi)不(bu)归(gui),至乃还辽(liao)西。幽州三(san)辟部从(cong)事,断九(jiu)狱,见称精审。太(tai)康中,以(yi)(yi)良(liang)吏赴洛,方知母亡。初,至自(zi)耻(chi)士伍,欲(yu)以(yi)(yi)宦学立名,期于荣养。既(ji)而(er)其志不(bu)就,号愤恸哭,欧血(xue)而(er)卒(zu),时年(nian)三(san)十(shi)七(qi)。

邹湛,字润甫,南阳(yang)新野人也。父轨,魏左将军。湛少以(yi)才学(xue)知名,仕(shi)魏历(li)通(tong)事郎、太学(xue)博士(shi)。泰始初,转尚书郎、廷(ting)尉平、征南从(cong)事中(zhong)(zhong)郎,深(shen)为羊祜所器(qi)重。入为太子中(zhong)(zhong)庶子。太康(kang)中(zhong)(zhong),拜散骑常侍,出补渤海太守,转太傅杨骏(jun)长史,迁侍中(zhong)(zhong)。骏(jun)诛,以(yi)僚佐免官。寻(xun)起为散骑常侍、国子祭酒,转少府。元康(kang)末卒,所著诗及论事议二十五首(shou),为时所重。

初,湛尝梦(meng)见一人,自称(cheng)甄(zhen)舒(shu)仲,余无(wu)所(suo)言,如此(ci)非(fei)一。久之(zhi),乃悟(wu)曰(yue):“吾宅西有积(ji)土(tu)败瓦,其中必有死人。甄(zhen)舒(shu)仲者,予舍西土(tu)瓦中人也。”检之(zhi),果然,厚(hou)加敛葬。葬毕(bi),遂梦(meng)此(ci)人来谢。

子捷(jie),字太应,亦有文才(cai)。永康(kang)中,为散骑(qi)侍郎。及赵王(wang)伦篡逆,捷(jie)与陆机等俱作禅文。伦诛,坐(zuo)下廷尉,遇赦免。后为太傅参(can)军。永嘉(jia)末,卒。

枣据,字道彦,颍川长社(she)人也。本姓棘(ji),其先(xian)避(bi)仇(chou)改(gai)焉。父叔祎,魏钜鹿太守。据美容(rong)貌(mao),善文辞(ci)。弱冠,辟(pi)大将军府(fu),出为(wei)山阳(yang)令,有政绩。迁尚(shang)书郎,转(zhuan)右丞。贾(jia)充伐吴,请为(wei)从(cong)事(shi)中郎。军还,徙黄(huang)门侍郎、冀州(zhou)刺史、太子中庶子。太康中卒,时年五(wu)十(shi)余。所著(zhu)诗(shi)赋(fu)论(lun)四十(shi)五(wu)首,遇乱(luan)多亡失(shi)。

子(zi)腆(tian),字玄方,亦以(yi)文章(zhang)显。永嘉中为(wei)襄(xiang)城太守。弟嵩,字台产,才艺尤美,为(wei)太子(zi)中庶子(zi)、散(san)骑常侍,为(wei)石勒所(suo)杀。

褚陶,字季雅,吴郡钱(qian)塘(tang)人也。弱不(bu)好弄,少而聪慧,清淡闲默(mo),以(yi)坟典自(zi)娱。年(nian)十三,作《鸥(ou)鸟(niao)》、《水硙》二赋,见(jian)者(zhe)奇之(zhi)(zhi)。陶尝谓所(suo)亲曰(yue):“圣贤备在黄(huang)卷中(zhong),舍此(ci)何求!”州(zhou)郡辟,不(bu)就。吴平,召补尚书郎。张华见(jian)之(zhi)(zhi),谓陆机(ji)曰(yue):“君兄弟龙跃云(yun)津,顾彦(yan)先凤(feng)鸣(ming)朝阳,谓东南之(zhi)(zhi)宝(bao)已尽,不(bu)意复见(jian)褚生。”机(ji)曰(yue):“公但未睹(du)不(bu)鸣(ming)不(bu)跃者(zhe)耳。”华曰(yue):“故知(zhi)延(yan)州(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)德不(bu)孤,川(chuan)岳(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)宝(bao)不(bu)匮矣。”迁九真太守,转中(zhong)尉。年(nian)五(wu)十五(wu)卒。

王沉,字彦(yan)伯,高平人也。少有(you)俊才(cai),出(chu)于寒素,不(bu)能随(sui)俗(su)沈浮,为时(shi)豪所抑。仕郡(jun)文学掾,郁(yu)郁(yu)不(bu)得(de)志,乃作(zuo)《释时(shi)论》,其辞曰(yue):

东野丈(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)人(ren)观时以居,隐耕污腴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)墟。有冰(bing)氏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)者(zhe),出自(zi)(zi)冱寒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谷(gu),过而(er)(er)问涂。丈(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)人(ren)曰(yue)(yue):“子(zi)(zi)奚自(zi)(zi)?”曰(yue)(yue):“自(zi)(zi)涸阴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乡。”“奚适?”曰(yue)(yue):“欲(yu)适煌(huang)(huang)煌(huang)(huang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)堂。”丈(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)人(ren)曰(yue)(yue):“入煌(huang)(huang)煌(huang)(huang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)堂者(zhe),必有赫赫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)光。今子(zi)(zi)困于寒而(er)(er)欲(yu)求诸热(re),无得热(re)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方。”冰(bing)子(zi)(zi)瞿(ju)然曰(yue)(yue):“胡为其(qi)然也?”丈(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)人(ren)曰(yue)(yue):“融(rong)融(rong)者(zhe)皆趣热(re)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士(shi),其(qi)得炉(lu)冶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)门者(zhe),惟(wei)(wei)挟炭之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)。苟非斯人(ren),不如其(qi)已。”冰(bing)子(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue):“吾闻宗庙之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)不要华林之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)木,四门之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宾何必冠(guan)盖之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)族。前贤有解韦索而(er)(er)佩硃韨舍徒(tu)担而(er)(er)乘丹毂。由此言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),何恤而(er)(er)无禄!惟(wei)(wei)先(xian)生告我(wo)涂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)速(su)也。”

丈人曰:“呜呼!子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)闻得之(zhi)(zhi)若是(shi),不(bu)知时(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)在彼。吾(wu)将释子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。夫(fu)道(dao)(dao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)安危,时(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)险易(yi),才有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)所应,行有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)所适。英奇奋(fen)于(yu)从横之(zhi)(zhi)世,贤智显于(yu)霸(ba)王之(zhi)(zhi)初(chu),当(dang)厄难(nan)则骋权(quan)谲以(yi)(yi)良图(tu),值制作则展儒道(dao)(dao)以(yi)(yi)暢(chang)摅,是(shi)则衮龙出于(yu)缊褐,卿相起于(yu)匹夫(fu),故有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)朝贱而夕贵,先卷(juan)而后舒。。当(dang)斯时(shi)也,岂计(ji)门资之(zhi)(zhi)高(gao)卑(bei),论(lun)势位之(zhi)(zhi)轻重(zhong)乎!今则不(bu)然。上圣下明,时(shi)隆(long)道(dao)(dao)宁,群后逸豫,宴安守(shou)平。百辟君子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),奕世相生,公门有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)公,卿门有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)卿。指秃腐骨,不(bu)简蚩儜(neng)。多士丰于(yu)贵族,爵命不(bu)出闺庭(ting)。四门穆穆,绮(qi)襦是(shi)盈(ying),仍叔之(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),皆(jie)为(wei)(wei)老成。贱有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)常辱,贵有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)常荣,肉食继踵于(yu)华屋,疏饭袭迹于(yu)耨耕。谈名(ming)位者以(yi)(yi)谄媚附势,举高(gao)誉者因(yin)资而随(sui)形(xing)。至乃空嚣者以(yi)(yi)泓噌为(wei)(wei)雅量,琐慧(hui)者以(yi)(yi)浅利为(wei)(wei)枪枪,脢胎者以(yi)(yi)无检为(wei)(wei)弘旷(kuang),偻垢者以(yi)(yi)守(shou)意为(wei)(wei)坚(jian)贞。嘲哮者以(yi)(yi)粗发为(wei)(wei)高(gao)亮,韫蠢者以(yi)(yi)色厚为(wei)(wei)笃诚,痷婪者以(yi)(yi)博(bo)纳为(wei)(wei)通济,眂(shi)々者以(yi)(yi)难(nan)入为(wei)(wei)凝(ning)清(qing),拉(la)答者有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)沈(shen)重(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)誉,嗛(qian)闪者得清(qing)剿之(zhi)(zhi)声,呛(qiang)啍怯(qie)畏于(yu)谦让,阘(da)茸勇敢于(yu)饕诤(zheng)。斯皆(jie)寒素(su)之(zhi)(zhi)死病,荣达之(zhi)(zhi)嘉名(ming)。凡兹(zi)流也,视其用心,察(cha)其所安,责人必急,于(yu)己恆宽。德无厚而自(zi)贵,位未高(gao)而自(zi)尊,眼罔(wang)向而远视,鼻而刺(ci)天。忌恶君子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),悦媚小(xiao)人,敖蔑道(dao)(dao)素(su),慑吁权(quan)门。心以(yi)(yi)利倾,智以(yi)(yi)势惛,姻(yin)党相扇,毁(hui)誉交纷。当(dang)局迷(mi)于(yu)所受,听(ting)采惑于(yu)所闻。京邑翼翼,群士千(qian)亿(yi),奔集(ji)势门,求官(guan)买(mai)职,童仆窥其车乘,阍寺相其服(fu)饰,亲客阴参于(yu)靖(jing)室,疏宾徙倚于(yu)门侧。时(shi)因(yin)接见,矜历(li)容色,心怀内荏(ren),外诈刚直,谭道(dao)(dao)义谓之(zhi)(zhi)俗生,论(lun)政刑(xing)以(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)鄙极。高(gao)会曲(qu)宴,惟(wei)言迁除(chu)消息,官(guan)无大小(xiao),问是(shi)谁力。今以(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)孤寒,怀真抱素(su),志(zhi)陵云霄(xiao),偶景独步,直顺(shun)常道(dao)(dao),关津难(nan)渡,欲骋韩卢,时(shi)无狡(jiao)兔,众涂圮塞,投(tou)足何错(cuo)!”

于(yu)是冰子释(shi)然乃悟曰(yue):“富贵人之所欲,贫贱人之所恶。仆少长(zhang)于(yu)孔颜之门,久处(chu)于(yu)清(qing)寒之路(lu),不(bu)谓热(re)势(shi)自共遮锢。敬(jing)承明诲,服(fu)我(wo)(wo)初素,弹琴咏典,以(yi)保年(nian)祚。伯(bo)成(cheng)、延陵,高节可慕。丹毂灭族,吕霍(huo)哀(ai)吟,朝荣夕灭,旦飞暮沈。聃周道师,巢由德林。丰屋(wu)蔀(bu)家,《易》著(zhu)明箴。人薄位(wei)尊,积罚(fa)难任,三郤尸晋,宋华咎(jiu)深,投(tou)扃正幅,实获我(wo)(wo)心。”

是时王(wang)政陵迟,官才失(shi)实,君子多(duo)退而穷处(chu),遂终于里(li)闾。

元康(kang)初,松滋(zi)令吴郡(jun)蔡洪字叔开,有才名,作《孤奋论》,与《释时(shi)》意(yi)同,读(du)之者(zhe)莫不(bu)叹(tan)息焉。

张翰(han),字季鹰,吴郡(jun)吴人(ren)(ren)也。父俨(yan),吴大鸿胪。翰(han)有(you)清才,善属文,而(er)(er)纵任不(bu)拘,时(shi)人(ren)(ren)号为“江东步(bu)兵。”会稽贺循赴命入(ru)洛,经吴阊门,于船中弹琴。翰(han)初不(bu)相识,乃就循言(yan)谭,便大相钦悦。问循,知其(qi)(qi)入(ru)洛,翰(han)曰(yue):“吾(wu)亦有(you)事北(bei)京。”便同(tong)载(zai)即去(qu),而(er)(er)不(bu)告(gao)家人(ren)(ren)。齐王冏辟为大司马东曹掾(yuan)。冏时(shi)执权,翰(han)谓(wei)同(tong)郡(jun)顾荣(rong)曰(yue):“天下纷(fen)纷(fen),祸难未已。夫有(you)四海之名者,求退良难。吾(wu)本山(shan)(shan)林间人(ren)(ren),无望于时(shi)。子(zi)善以明防(fang)前(qian),以智虑后(hou)(hou)。”荣(rong)执其(qi)(qi)手,怆然曰(yue):“吾(wu)亦与(yu)子(zi)采南山(shan)(shan)蕨,饮三江水耳(er)。”翰(han)因见(jian)秋风起,乃思吴中菰菜、莼(chun)羹、鲈鱼脍,曰(yue):“人(ren)(ren)生贵(gui)(gui)得适(shi)志,何能羁宦(huan)数(shu)千里以要名爵乎!”遂命驾(jia)而(er)(er)归。著《首丘赋》,文多不(bu)载(zai)。俄而(er)(er)冏败,人(ren)(ren)皆谓(wei)之见(jian)机(ji)。然府以其(qi)(qi)辄去(qu),除吏名。翰(han)任心自适(shi),不(bu)求当世。或谓(wei)之曰(yue):“卿乃可纵适(shi)一时(shi),独不(bu)为身后(hou)(hou)名邪?”答(da)曰(yue):“使我有(you)身后(hou)(hou)名,不(bu)如即时(shi)一杯(bei)酒(jiu)。”时(shi)人(ren)(ren)贵(gui)(gui)其(qi)(qi)旷达。性至孝,遭母(mu)忧,哀毁过礼。年五十(shi)七卒。其(qi)(qi)文笔数(shu)十(shi)篇行于世。

庾阐(chan),字仲初,颍(ying)川鄢陵(ling)人也。祖辉(hui),安北长(zhang)史(shi)。父东,以勇力闻(wen)。武帝(di)(di)(di)时,有(you)西域健胡趫捷无敌,晋人莫敢与(yu)校。帝(di)(di)(di)募勇士,惟东应选,遂扑杀之,名震殊俗。阐(chan)好学,九岁能(neng)属(shu)文。少随舅孙(sun)氏过江。母随兄肇(zhao)为(wei)乐(le)安长(zhang)史(shi),在项城(cheng)。永嘉末,为(wei)石(shi)勒所陷,阐(chan)母亦没。阐(chan)不(bu)栉(zhi)沐(mu),不(bu)婚宦,绝酒肉(rou),垂二十年,乡亲(qin)称之。州(zhou)举秀(xiu)才,元帝(di)(di)(di)为(wei)晋王,辟之,皆(jie)不(bu)行。后为(wei)太宰、西阳王羕掾,累(lei)迁尚书郎。苏峻之难,阐(chan)出奔郗鉴,为(wei)司空参军。峻平,以功赐爵(jue)吉阳县男,拜彭城(cheng)内史(shi)。鉴复请(qing)为(wei)从事(shi)中郎。寻召为(wei)散骑侍(shi)郎,领(ling)大著作(zuo)。顷之,出补(bu)零陵(ling)太守,入湘(xiang)川,吊贾谊。其辞曰(yue):

中兴二十三载,余(yu)忝守衡南,鼓(gu)栧三江(jiang),路次巴陵,望君山(shan)而(er)过洞庭,涉(she)湘川而(er)观(guan)(guan)汨水(shui),临贾生(sheng)投书之(zhi)川,慨以永怀矣。及造长(zhang)沙,观(guan)(guan)其(qi)遗象(xiang),喟然有感,乃吊之(zhi)云。

伟哉兰(lan)生而(er)芳(fang),玉产而(er)洁,阳葩熙冰,寒松负雪,莫邪挺(ting)锷,天骥汗血,苟(gou)云(yun)其(qi)(qi)隽(juan),谁与(yu)比杰!是以(yi)高明倬(zhuo)茂,独发奇秀,道(dao)(dao)率(lv)天真,不议(yi)世疚(jiu),焕(huan)乎若(ruo)望舒耀(yao)景而(er)焯(zhuo)群星,矫乎若(ruo)翔鸾拊翼而(er)逸(yi)宇宙也(ye)。飞荣洛汭,擢(zhuo)颖山东(dong),质清浮磬,声若(ruo)孤桐,琅琅其(qi)(qi)璞,岩(yan)(yan)岩(yan)(yan)其(qi)(qi)峰,信道(dao)(dao)居(ju)正,而(er)以(yi)天下为公,方驾逸(yi)步,不以(yi)曲(qu)路(lu)期通。是以(yi)张高弘(hong)悲(bei)(bei),声激柱落,清唱(chang)未和,而(er)桑(sang)濮代(dai)作,虽(sui)(sui)有(you)惠音,莫过《韶(shao)》《濩》;虽(sui)(sui)有(you)腾鳞,终仆一壑。呜呼!大庭(ting)既(ji)邈,玄风悠(you)缅,皇道(dao)(dao)不以(yi)智隆,上德不以(yi)仁显(xian)。三(san)五亲誉(yu),其(qi)(qi)辄可仰而(er)标;霸功(gong)虽(sui)(sui)逸(yi),其(qi)(qi)涂可翼而(er)阐,悲(bei)(bei)矣先(xian)生,何命(ming)之蹇!怀宝(bao)如玉,而(er)生运之浅(qian)!

昔咎繇(zhou)谟虞,吕(lv)尚(shang)归(gui)昌,德协充符(fu),乃应帝(di)王。夷吾相桓,汉登萧(xiao)张(zhang);草庐三顾,臭若兰芳(fang)。是(shi)以(yi)道隐则(ze)(ze)蠖屈,数(shu)感则(ze)(ze)凤睹,若栖不择木,翔非九五,虽(sui)曰玉折(zhe),隽(juan)才何补!夫心非死(si)灰,智必存(cun)形(xing),形(xing)托(tuo)神用(yong),故能全(quan)生。奈何兰膏,扬芳(fang)汉庭(ting),摧(cui)景飚风,独丧(sang)厥明。悠悠太素,存(cun)亡一指,道来斯通,世往(wang)斯圮(pi)。吾哀其生,未见其死(si),敢不敬吊,寄之渌水。

后以疾(ji),征拜给(ji)事中,复领著(zhu)作。吴(wu)国内史虞潭为太伯立(li)碑,阐(chan)制其文(wen)。又作《扬都赋》,为世所重。年五十四(si)卒,谥曰贞,所著(zhu)诗赋铭(ming)颂十卷行(xing)于世。

子肃之,亦有文藻著称,历给事(shi)中、相(xiang)府(fu)记室、湘东太守。太元中卒。

曹毗(pi),字辅(fu)佐(zuo),谯国人(ren)也。高祖休(xiu),魏(wei)大司马。父识,右军(jun)(jun)将军(jun)(jun)。毗(pi)少(shao)好(hao)文(wen)(wen)籍,善属词赋。郡察孝廉,除(chu)郎中,蔡谟举为佐(zuo)著(zhu)作郎。父忧(you)去职。服阕,迁句章令(ling),征(zheng)拜太(tai)学博士(shi)。时桂阳张硕为神女杜兰香所降,毗(pi)因(yin)以(yi)二篇诗嘲之,并续兰香歌诗十篇,甚有(you)文(wen)(wen)彩。又著(zhu)《扬都赋》,亚于(yu)庾阐(chan)。累迁尚书郎、镇军(jun)(jun)大将军(jun)(jun)从事中郎、下邳太(tai)守。以(yi)名位不至,著(zhu)《对(dui)儒》以(yi)自释。其(qi)辞曰(yue):

或问曹(cao)子曰:“夫(fu)宝以(yi)(yi)含珍(zhen)为贵,士以(yi)(yi)藏器为峻,麟以(yi)(yi)绝迹(ji)标奇,松(song)以(yi)(yi)负霜称隽,是以(yi)(yi)兰(lan)生幽涧,玉辉(hui)于仞。故子州浮沧澜而龙(long)蟠,吴季(ji)忽万(wan)乘以(yi)(yi)解印,虞公(gong)潜崇(chong)岩以(yi)(yi)颐(yi)神,梁生适南越(yue)以(yi)(yi)保慎(shen),固能全真养和,夷迹(ji)洞润,陵冬扬芳,披(pi)雪独振也。

“今少子睎冥风,弱(ruo)挺秀(xiu)容,奇(qi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)幼龄(ling),翰披孺童。吐辞(ci)则(ze)藻落杨班(ban),抗心则(ze)志拟高鸿,味道则(ze)理贯庄(zhuang)肆,研(yan)妙(miao)则(ze)颖夺(duo)豪锋。固以(yi)(yi)(yi)腾(teng)广莫而(er)萋蒨,排素薄而(er)青葱(cong)者矣,何必以(yi)(yi)(yi)刑礼为己任,申韩为宏通!既登东观,染史笔;又据(ju)太(tai)学,理儒功(gong)。曾无玄韵(yun)淡(dan)泊,逸气虚洞,养采(cai)幽(you)翳,晦明(ming)蒙(meng)笼。不(bu)(bu)追(zhui)林栖之(zhi)迹,不(bu)(bu)希抱鳞之(zhi)龙,不(bu)(bu)营练真之(zhi)术,不(bu)(bu)慕内听(ting)之(zhi)聪。而(er)处(chu)泛位以(yi)(yi)(yi)核物,扇(shan)尘教以(yi)(yi)(yi)自(zi)濛,负(fu)盐车以(yi)(yi)(yi)显能,饰一己以(yi)(yi)(yi)求(qiu)恭(gong)。退(tui)不(bu)(bu)居漆园之(zhi)场,出不(bu)(bu)蹑(nie)曾城(cheng)之(zhi)冲,游不(bu)(bu)践绰约(yue)之(zhi)室,諆不(bu)(bu)希騄駬之(zhi)踪;徒以(yi)(yi)(yi)区区之(zhi)怀而(er)整名(ming)目之(zhi)典,覆蒉(kui)之(zhi)量(liang)而(er)塞北川之(zhi)洪(hong),检名(ming)实于俄顷之(zhi)间,定得失乎一管之(zhi)锋。

“子(zi)若(ruo)谓(wei)我果是(shi)邪(xie)?则(ze)是(shi)不必以(yi)(yi)(yi)合俗(su)。子(zi)若(ruo)云俗(su)果非邪(xie)?则(ze)俗(su)非不可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)苟从。俗(su)我纷以(yi)(yi)(yi)交争,利害浑而弥(mi)重,何异(yi)执朽辔以(yi)(yi)(yi)御逸(yi)驷,承劲风以(yi)(yi)(yi)握秋蓬,役(yi)恬性(xing)以(yi)(yi)(yi)充劳府,对群(qun)物以(yi)(yi)(yi)耦(ou)怨双者乎?子(zi)不闻(wen)乎终军之(zhi)颖,贾(jia)生(sheng)之(zhi)才,拔奇山(shan)东,玉(yu)映汉台,可(ke)谓(wei)响播(bo)六合,声骇婴孩,而见毁(hui)绛灌之(zhi)口,身(shen)离狼狈之(zhi)灾。由此(ci)言之(zhi),名(ming)为实宾,福萌祸胎,朝敷荣华,夕归(gui)尘埃,未若(ruo)澄虚心于玄圃,廕瑶林(lin)于蓬莱,绝世事而隽(juan)黄绮(qi),鼓沧川而浪龙鳃者矣。蒙窃惑焉。”

主人焕(huan)耳(er)而笑,欣然而言曰(yue):“夫两仪既辟,阴阳汗浩,五才(cai)迭用,化生(sheng)纷扰,万(wan)类云云,孰(shu)测其(qi)(qi)兆(zhao)!故不(bu)(bu)登阆(lang)风(feng),安以(yi)(yi)瞻殊目之(zhi)形?不(bu)(bu)步景宿,何以(yi)(yi)观(guan)恢廓之(zhi)表?是以(yi)(yi)迷粗者循(xun)一(yi)往之(zhi)智,狷介者守一(yi)方之(zhi)矫,岂知火林之(zhi)蔚炎柯,冰津之(zhi)擢(zhuo)阳草!故大(da)人达观(guan),任化昏晓,出不(bu)(bu)极劳,处不(bu)(bu)巢(chao)皓,在(zai)儒亦儒,在(zai)道(dao)(dao)亦道(dao)(dao),运屈则纡(yu)其(qi)(qi)清晖,时申则散其(qi)(qi)龙藻,此盖员动之(zhi)用舍,非寻常(chang)之(zhi)所宝也。

“今三明(ming)互照,二气载宣,玄教夕凝(ning),朗风(feng)晨鲜,道(dao)(dao)以才暢,化随理全。故(gu)五典克明(ming)于(yu)百揆(kui),虞音齐响于(yu)五弦,安期解(jie)褐于(yu)秀(xiu)林,渔(yu)父摆钩于(yu)长川。如斯(si)则化无不融(rong),道(dao)(dao)无不延,风(feng)澄于(yu)俗,波清于(yu)川。方将舞(wu)黄(huang)虬于(yu)庆云,招仪(yi)凤于(yu)灵(ling)山,流玉醴乎华闼,秀(xiu)硃草(cao)于(yu)庭前(qian)。何(he)有违理之患,累(lei)真之嫌(xian)!子徒知辩其(qi)说而(er)未测其(qi)源(yuan),明(ming)朝(chao)菌不可逾晦朔,蟪蛄无以观(guan)大(da)年,固非管翰之所述,聊(liao)敬对以终篇。”

累迁至光禄勋(xun),卒(zu)。凡所著文(wen)笔(bi)十五卷(juan),传于世。

李充,字弘(hong)度,江夏人。父矩(ju),江州刺史。充少孤,其父墓(mu)中柏(bo)树尝为盗贼所斫(zhuo),充手刃之(zhi)(zhi),由是知名。善楷书,妙(miao)参钟(zhong)索,世咸重之(zhi)(zhi)。辟丞(cheng)相王导掾,转记(ji)室参军。幼好(hao)刑名之(zhi)(zhi)学,深(shen)抑(yi)虚(xu)浮之(zhi)(zhi)士,尝著《学箴》,称:

《老子》云(yun):“绝(jue)(jue)仁弃义(yi)(yi)(yi),家复孝慈(ci)。”岂仁义(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道绝(jue)(jue),然后李慈(ci)乃生哉?盖患乎(hu)情仁义(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe)寡(gua)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)利仁义(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe)众也(ye)。道德(de)丧而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)仁义(yi)(yi)(yi)彰,仁义(yi)(yi)(yi)彰而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)名利作,礼(li)教(jiao)(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弊,直在(zai)兹也(ye)。先王以(yi)(yi)(yi)道德(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不行(xing),故以(yi)(yi)(yi)仁义(yi)(yi)(yi)化之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),行(xing)仁义(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不笃,故以(yi)(yi)(yi)礼(li)律检之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi);检之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弥繁,而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)伪亦(yi)愈(yu)广,老庄是乃明无(wu)为之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)益,塞争欲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)门(men)。夫极(ji)灵智之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妙(miao)、总会通(tong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和者(zhe),莫(mo)尚乎(hu)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人。革一代(dai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弘(hong)制,垂千载之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)遗风,则(ze)(ze)(ze)非圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)不立(li)。然则(ze)(ze)(ze)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)世(shi),吐言(yan)则(ze)(ze)(ze)为训辞(ci)(ci),莅事则(ze)(ze)(ze)为物轨,运(yun)通(tong)则(ze)(ze)(ze)与时隆,理丧则(ze)(ze)(ze)与世(shi)弊矣。是以(yi)(yi)(yi)大为之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)论以(yi)(yi)(yi)标其(qi)旨。物必(bi)有宗,事必(bi)有主,寄责(ze)于圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)遗累乎(hu)陈迹(ji)也(ye)。故化之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)绝(jue)(jue)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)弃智,镇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)无(wu)名之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)朴(po)。圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)教(jiao)(jiao)救其(qi)末,老庄明其(qi)本(ben),本(ben)末之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)殊而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)为教(jiao)(jiao)一也(ye)。人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)迷也(ye),其(qi)日(ri)久矣!见形者(zhe)众,及(ji)道者(zhe)鲜(xian),不觌(di)千仞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)门(men)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)遂适物之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)迹(ji),逐迹(ji)逾(yu)笃,离本(ben)逾(yu)远,遂使华端与薄俗俱兴(xing),妙(miao)绪与淳风并(bing)绝(jue)(jue),所以(yi)(yi)(yi)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人长潜而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)迹(ji)未尝灭(mie)矣。惧后进惑其(qi)如此,将(jiang)越礼(li)弃学而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)希无(wu)为之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)风,见义(yi)(yi)(yi)教(jiao)(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)杀而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不观其(qi)隆矣,略言(yan)所怀,以(yi)(yi)(yi)补其(qi)阙。引道家之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弘(hong)旨,会世(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)适当,义(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)违本(ben),言(yan)不流放,庶(shu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)祛困(kun)蒙之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蔽,悟一往(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)惑乎(hu)!其(qi)辞(ci)(ci)曰(yue):

芒芒太初(chu),悠(you)悠(you)鸿荒,蚩蚩万类,与道(dao)兼忘。圣(sheng)迹未显(xian),贤(xian)名(ming)不(bu)(bu)彰(zhang),怡此鼓腹,率我(wo)猖狂。资生既广,群涂思通,暗实师明,匪(fei)予(yu)求蒙,遗(yi)己济物(wu)而(er)(er)天下为公。大庭唱基(ji),义(yi)(yi)农宏赞,六位时成(cheng),离晖大观(guan),泽(ze)洽雨濡,化流风散,比屋同(tong)尘而(er)(er)人(ren)(ren)罔(wang)僭(jian)乱(luan)。爰(yuan)暨中古,哲王胥承(cheng),质文代作,礼(li)统迭兴(xing),事藉用以繁,化因阻而(er)(er)凝(ning),动(dong)非性扰,静岂神(shen)澄(cheng)!名(ming)之(zhi)攸彰(zhang),道(dao)之(zhi)攸废,乃(nai)损(sun)(sun)所隆(long),乃(nai)崇所替,刑作由(you)于德衰,三(san)辟兴(xing)乎(hu)叔世(shi),既敦既诱,乃(nai)矫(jiao)乃(nai)厉。敦亦(yi)既备,矫(jiao)亦(yi)既深,雕(diao)琢生文,抑扬成(cheng)音,群能骋技,众巧竭心,野无(wu)陆马,山无(wu)散林。风罔(wang)不(bu)(bu)动(dong),化罔(wang)不(bu)(bu)移,人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)失(shi)德,反正作奇。乃(nai)放欲以越礼(li),不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)希竞之(zhi)为病,违彼(bi)夷涂而(er)(er)遵此险径。狡兔陵冈,游鱼遁川,至赜深妙,大象幽玄(xuan),弃饵收罝(ju)而(er)(er)责功蹄筌,先统丧归(gui)而(er)(er)寄旨忘言。政异征辞,拔本塞源,遁迹永日(ri),寻(xun)响穷(qiong)年,刻意(yi)离性而(er)(er)失(shi)其(qi)自然。世(shi)有(you)(you)险夷,运(yun)有(you)(you)通圮,损(sun)(sun)益适(shi)时,升降(jiang)惟(wei)理。道(dao)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)以一日(ri)废,亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)以一朝拟,礼(li)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)以千(qian)载(zai)制,亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)以当年止。非仁无(wu)以长物(wu),非义(yi)(yi)无(wu)以齐耻,仁义(yi)(yi)固不(bu)(bu)可(ke)远(yuan),去其(qi)害仁义(yi)(yi)者而(er)(er)己。力行犹惧不(bu)(bu)逮,希企(qi)邈以远(yuan)矣。室(shi)有(you)(you)善言,应在千(qian)里,况乎(hu)行止复(fu)礼(li)克己。风人(ren)(ren)司(si)箴,敬贻君子(zi)。

征北(bei)将(jiang)军(jun)(jun)褚(chu)裒又引(yin)为参军(jun)(jun),充(chong)以(yi)家(jia)贫,苦求外出,裒将(jiang)许之(zhi)为县,试问(wen)之(zhi),充(chong)曰:“穷(qiong)猿投林(lin),岂暇(xia)择木!”乃除县令,遭母忧(you)。服阕,为大著(zhu)作(zuo)郎(lang)。

于(yu)时典籍混乱,充删(shan)除烦重(zhong),以类相(xiang)从(cong),分作四(si)部,甚有条贯(guan),秘阁以为永制(zhi)。累迁中书侍郎,卒(zu)官。充注《尚书》及《周易旨》六篇、《释(shi)庄论》上下二篇、诗赋(fu)表(biao)颂等杂文二百四(si)十首,行于(yu)世(shi)。

子颙,亦有(you)文义,多所述作,郡举孝廉。

充从(cong)兄式,以平隐著称,善楷隶(li)。中兴初(chu),仕至侍中。

袁宏(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong),字彦伯(bo),侍中(zhong)猷之孙(sun)也。父勖,临汝令(ling)。宏(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)有逸(yi)才,文(wen)章绝美(mei),曾为(wei)(wei)咏史诗,是其风情所寄。少(shao)孤(gu)贫,以运租自业。谢尚时(shi)镇(zhen)牛渚,秋夜(ye)乘月(yue),率尔与(yu)左右微服泛江。会宏(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)在舫中(zhong)讽咏,声既(ji)清会,辞又(you)藻拔,遂驻听久之,遣问(wen)焉。答(da)云:“是袁临汝郎诵诗。”即(ji)其咏史之作(zuo)也。尚倾率有胜致,即(ji)迎升舟,与(yu)之谭论(lun),申旦不(bu)(bu)寐,自此(ci)(ci)名(ming)誉(yu)日茂。尚为(wei)(wei)安西(xi)将军、豫州刺史,引宏(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)参其军事。累迁(qian)大司马桓温府记室(shi)。温重其文(wen)笔,专综书记。后为(wei)(wei)《东(dong)征赋(fu)》,赋(fu)末列(lie)称(cheng)过(guo)江诸(zhu)名(ming)德,而(er)独(du)不(bu)(bu)载(zai)桓彝。时(shi)伏滔(tao)先(xian)在温府,又(you)与(yu)宏(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)善,苦(ku)谏之。宏(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)笑而(er)不(bu)(bu)答(da)。温知之甚(shen)忿(fen),而(er)惮宏(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)一时(shi)文(wen)宗,不(bu)(bu)欲令(ling)人显问(wen)。后游青山饮(yin)归,命宏(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)同载(zai),众为(wei)(wei)之惧。行数里,问(wen)宏(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)云:“闻君(jun)(jun)作(zuo)《东(dong)征赋(fu)》,多称(cheng)先(xian)贤,何(he)(he)故不(bu)(bu)及家(jia)君(jun)(jun)?”宏(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)答(da)曰(yue)(yue):“尊公(gong)称(cheng)谓非(fei)下官敢专,既(ji)未(wei)遑启,不(bu)(bu)敢显之耳。”温疑不(bu)(bu)实,乃(nai)曰(yue)(yue):“君(jun)(jun)欲为(wei)(wei)何(he)(he)辞?”宏(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)即(ji)答(da)云:“风鉴散朗,或(huo)(huo)搜(sou)或(huo)(huo)引,身虽(sui)可亡,道不(bu)(bu)可陨(yun),宣城之节,信(xin)义为(wei)(wei)允也。”温泫(xuan)然而(er)止(zhi)。宏(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)赋(fu)又(you)不(bu)(bu)及陶(tao)侃,侃子胡(hu)奴(nu)尝于(yu)曲(qu)室(shi)抽刃问(wen)宏(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)曰(yue)(yue):“家(jia)君(jun)(jun)勋迹如此(ci)(ci),君(jun)(jun)赋(fu)云何(he)(he)相忽?”宏(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)窘(jiong)急,答(da)曰(yue)(yue):“我已盛述(shu)尊公(gong),何(he)(he)乃(nai)言无(wu)?”因曰(yue)(yue):“精金百汰,在割能断,功以济(ji)时(shi),职思静乱,长沙之勋,为(wei)(wei)史所赞。”胡(hu)奴(nu)乃(nai)止(zhi)。

后为《三国名臣颂》曰:

夫(fu)(fu)百姓不(bu)(bu)(bu)能自牧,故立(li)君(jun)以治(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi);明(ming)君(jun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能独治(zhi),则(ze)(ze)为臣以佐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。然则(ze)(ze)三(san)(san)五(wu)迭隆,历代(dai)承基(ji),揖让之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)与(yu)(yu)干戈(ge),文德之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)与(yu)(yu)武(wu)功,莫(mo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)宗(zong)匠陶钧(jun)而(er)(er)(er)(er)群才(cai)缉熙(xi),元首经略(lve)而(er)(er)(er)(er)股肱肆力。虽(sui)遭(zao)罹不(bu)(bu)(bu)同,迹有(you)(you)优劣(lie),至(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)体分(fen)冥固,道(dao)契不(bu)(bu)(bu)坠,风美所扇(shan),训革千(qian)载(zai),其揆一(yi)(yi)也。故二(er)八(ba)升(sheng)而(er)(er)(er)(er)唐(tang)朝盛(sheng),伊吕用(yong)而(er)(er)(er)(er)汤(tang)武(wu)宁,三(san)(san)贤(xian)进而(er)(er)(er)(er)小白兴,五(wu)臣显而(er)(er)(er)(er)重耳霸。中(zhong)古(gu)(gu)陵迟,斯道(dao)替矣(yi)。居上者(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)以至(zhi)(zhi)公理物,为下者(zhe)必(bi)(bi)以私路(lu)期荣(rong),御(yu)员者(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)以信诚(cheng)率(lv)众,执方(fang)者(zhe)必(bi)(bi)以权谋自显。于(yu)是(shi)君(jun)臣离而(er)(er)(er)(er)名教薄,世多乱(luan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)时(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)治(zhi),故蘧宁以之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卷舒,柳下以之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)三(san)(san)黜,接舆(yu)以之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)歌(ge),鲁连以之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)赴海。衰世之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong),保持名节(jie),君(jun)臣相(xiang)体,若合符契,则(ze)(ze)燕昭(zhao)、乐(le)毅古(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流矣(yi)。夫(fu)(fu)未遇(yu)(yu)伯乐(le),则(ze)(ze)千(qian)载(zai)无一(yi)(yi)骥;时(shi)值龙颜(yan),则(ze)(ze)当年控三(san)(san)杰,汉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)得(de)贤(xian),于(yu)斯为贵。高祖(zu)虽(sui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)以道(dao)胜御(yu)物,群下得(de)尽其忠(zhong);萧曹虽(sui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)以三(san)(san)代(dai)事(shi)主,百姓不(bu)(bu)(bu)失(shi)其业。静乱(luan)庇人,抑亦其次(ci)。夫(fu)(fu)时(shi)方(fang)颠沛,则(ze)(ze)显不(bu)(bu)(bu)如隐;万(wan)物思治(zhi),则(ze)(ze)默不(bu)(bu)(bu)如语(yu)。是(shi)以古(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)子不(bu)(bu)(bu)患(huan)弘道(dao)难,患(huan)遭(zao)时(shi)难;遭(zao)时(shi)匪难,遇(yu)(yu)君(jun)难。故有(you)(you)道(dao)无时(shi),孟(meng)子所以咨嗟;有(you)(you)时(shi)无君(jun),贾生所以垂泣。夫(fu)(fu)万(wan)岁一(yi)(yi)期,有(you)(you)生之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)通(tong)涂;千(qian)载(zai)一(yi)(yi)遇(yu)(yu),贤(xian)智之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)嘉会。遇(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能无欣,丧之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)何(he)能无慨(kai)。古(gu)(gu)人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言,信有(you)(you)情哉!余以暇日常览《国志》,考(kao)其君(jun)臣,比(bi)其行(xing)事(shi),虽(sui)道(dao)谢先代(dai),亦异世一(yi)(yi)时(shi)也。

文若怀独见之照,而(er)(er)有救世(shi)之心(xin),论(lun)时则人方(fang)涂炭,计能则莫出魏武,故(gu)委图(tu)霸朝,豫谋世(shi)事。举才(cai)不(bu)以标(biao)鉴(jian),故(gu)人亡(wang)而(er)(er)后显(xian);筹画不(bu)以要功,故(gu)事至(zhi)而(er)(er)后定。虽(sui)亡(wang)身明顺,识亦(yi)高矣。

董卓之乱,神(shen)器迁逼(bi),公达慨(kai)然,志(zhi)在致(zhi)命。由斯而谭,故以大存(cun)名节。至如身为汉隶(li)而迹入魏幕,源(yuan)流(liu)趣舍,抑(yi)亦文若(ruo)之谓。所以存(cun)亡殊(shu)致(zhi),始终不(bu)同,将以文若(ruo)既明(ming)且哲(zhe),名教有寄(ji)乎!夫仁义不(bu)可不(bu)明(ming),时宗举其致(zhi);生理不(bu)可不(bu)全,故达识(shi)摄其契。相与(yu)弘道,岂(qi)不(bu)远哉!

崔生高朗,折而不(bu)挠,所(suo)以策(ce)名魏武、执笏霸(ba)朝者(zhe)(zhe),盖(gai)以汉主当阳,魏后北面者(zhe)(zhe)哉(zai)!若乃一旦(dan)进玺,君臣易位,则崔生所(suo)以不(bu)与,魏氏所(suo)以不(bu)容。夫江(jiang)湖所(suo)以济舟(zhou),亦所(suo)以覆(fu)舟(zhou);仁义所(suo)以全身(shen),亦所(suo)以亡身(shen)。然而先贤玉摧于(yu)前(qian),来哲攘袂于(yu)后,岂天怀(huai)发(fa)中,而名教束物(wu)者(zhe)(zhe)乎!

孔明盘桓,俟时(shi)而动,遐想(xiang)管乐,远明风流(liu),治国以礼,人无(wu)怨声,刑罚不(bu)滥(lan),没有余泣,虽古之(zhi)遗爱,何以加兹!及其临终(zhong)顾托(tuo),受遗作相,刘后授(shou)之(zhi)无(wu)疑心(xin),武(wu)侯(hou)受之(zhi)无(wu)惧色,继(ji)体(ti)纳之(zhi)无(wu)贰情,百姓信之(zhi)无(wu)异辞,君臣之(zhi)际,良可咏矣!

公瑾卓尔,逸(yi)志(zhi)不群,总(zong)角料主,则(ze)素(su)契于伯符;晚(wan)节曜(yao)奇,则(ze)三分(fen)于赤壁(bi)。惜其龄促(cu),志(zhi)未可量。

子布(bu)佐策(ce),致(zhi)延誉之(zhi)美,辍(chuo)哭止哀(ai),有翼(yi)戴之(zhi)功,神(shen)情所涉,岂徒謇(jian)谔而已哉!然杜门不用,登坛(tan)受(shou)讥(ji)。夫一人之(zhi)身(shen)所照未异,而用舍之(zhi)间俄有不同,况沈迹沟(gou)壑,遇与(yu)不遇者(zhe)乎!

夫诗颂(song)之作,有(you)自来(lai)矣。或以(yi)吟咏情性,或以(yi)纪德显功,虽(sui)大(da)指同归,所托或乖。若夫出处有(you)道,名(ming)体(ti)不(bu)滞(zhi),风轨(gui)德音,为(wei)世(shi)作范,不(bu)可废也(ye)。复缀序所怀,以(yi)为(wei)之赞曰:

火德既微(wei),运缠大过。洪飚扇海(hai),二溟扬波(bo)。虬兽虽惊,风(feng)云(yun)未和。潜鱼择川,高鸟候柯。赫赫三雄,并回乾(qian)轴。竞收杞梓,争(zheng)采松(song)竹。凤不及栖,龙(long)不暇伏。谷无幽兰,岭无停菊(ju)。

英(ying)英(ying)文(wen)若,灵鉴洞照。应变知微,颐奇赏要。日月在躬,隐(yin)之弥曜。文(wen)明(ming)英(ying)心,赞(zan)之愈妙。沧海横流,玉石(shi)俱碎。达人兼善(shan),废己存爱。谋(mou)解时纷,功济宇内。始救生灵,终明(ming)风概(gai)。

公(gong)达(da)潜朗,思同蓍(shi)蔡。运用无方,动(dong)摄(she)群会(hui)。爰(yuan)初发(fa)迹,遘此颠沛(pei)。神情玄定(ding),处之弥泰。愔愔幕(mu)裹,算无不经亹癖(pi)通(tong)韵,迹不暂停。虽怀尺璧,顾哂连城。智(zhi)能(neng)极物,愚足全(quan)生(sheng)。

郎中(zhong)温雅(ya),器识(shi)纯(chun)素(su)。贞而(er)不谅,通(tong)而(er)能固。恂(xun)恂(xun)德心(xin),汪(wang)汪(wang)轨度。志成弱冠,道敷(fu)岁暮。仁者必勇(yong),德亦(yi)有言(yan)。虽(sui)遇(yu)履(lv)尾,神(shen)气恬然。行不修饰,名(ming)节(jie)无愆(qian)。操不激(ji)切,素(su)风愈(yu)鲜。

邈(miao)哉崔生,体(ti)正心直(zhi)。天(tian)骨疏朗,墙岸高(gao)嶷(yi)。忠存轨迹,义形风色。思树芳兰,翦除(chu)荆(jing)棘。人恶其(qi)上,世不(bu)容哲。琅(lang)琅(lang)先(xian)生,雅(ya)杖名节。虽遇尘务,犹震霜雪。运极道(dao)消,碎(sui)此明(ming)月。

景山恢诞,韵(yun)与道合。形器不(bu)(bu)存,方寸海纳。和而不(bu)(bu)同,通而不(bu)(bu)杂。遇醉忘(wang)辞,在醒贻答。

长文(wen)通雅(ya),义格终始。思戴元首(shou),拟伊(yi)同耻。人未(wei)知(zhi)德,惧若在己。嘉谋肆庭(ting),谠言(yan)盈耳(er)。玉生虽(sui)(sui)丽,光不逾把。德积虽(sui)(sui)微(wei),道暎天下(xia)。

邈(miao)哉太初,宇量高雅。器范自然。标准无假(jia)。全身(shen)由直,迹洿必伪。处死匪(fei)(fei)难,理存(cun)则(ze)易(yi)。万物波荡,孰任其(qi)累!六合徒广(guang),容身(shen)靡(mi)寄。君(jun)亲自然,匪(fei)(fei)由名教。爱敬既同,情(qing)礼兼到。

烈烈王(wang)生(sheng),知(zhi)死不(bu)挠。求仁不(bu)远,期在(zai)忠存。

玄伯(bo)刚简(jian),大存名体。志(zhi)在高构(gou),增堂(tang)及陛。端委兽门,正(zheng)言弥启。临(lin)危致命,尽其心礼。

堂(tang)堂(tang)孔明,基宇宏邈。器同(tong)生灵,独禀先觉。标榜风(feng)流,远明管乐。初(chu)九龙盘,雅志弥确。百六道丧,干戈迭用。苟非命世,孰扫雰雺!宗子思宁,薄言(yan)解(jie)控。释褐(he)中林,郁为时(shi)栋。

士元弘长(zhang),雅(ya)性(xing)内(nei)融(rong)。崇善(shan)爱物(wu),观始知终。丧乱备(bei)矣(yi)。胜涂(tu)未隆。先(xian)生标之,振起清风。绸缪哲后,无妄(wang)惟时。夙夜匪懈(xie),义在缉(ji)熙。三(san)略既陈,霸业已基(ji)。

公(gong)琰殖根,不(bu)忘中(zhong)正。岂曰模拟,实在(zai)雅性(xing)。亦既羁(ji)勒,负荷时命(ming)。推贤恭(gong)己,久而可(ke)敬(jing)。

公衡冲达,秉志渊(yuan)塞。媚兹一人,临(lin)难不(bu)惑。畴昔不(bu)造,假(jia)翮邻国。进能徽音,退不(bu)失德(de)。六合纷纭(yun),人心将变。鸟择高梧(wu),臣(chen)须顾眄。

公瑾英达,朗心(xin)独见。披草(cao)求(qiu)君,定交一面。桓(huan)桓(huan)魏(wei)武,外托霸迹(ji)。志掩衡霍,恃战忘敌。卓卓若人,曜奇赤(chi)壁。三(san)光(guang)参分(fen),宇宙(zhou)暂隔。

子布擅名,遭(zao)世(shi)方扰。抚翼桑梓,息肩江表。王(wang)略威(wei)夷(yi),吴(wu)魏同宝(bao)。遂(sui)赞(zan)宏谟,匡(kuang)此霸道(dao)。桓王(wang)之薨,大业未纯。把臂(bei)托(tuo)孤,惟贤与亲(qin)。轰哭止哀,临(lin)难忘身。成(cheng)此南面,实(shi)由老臣。才为世(shi)生,世(shi)亦须(xu)才。得(de)而能(neng)任,贵(gui)在(zai)无猜。

昂昂子敬,拔迹草莱。荷檐(yan)吐奇,乃构云台(tai)。

子瑜都(dou)长,体性纯懿。谏(jian)而(er)不犯,正而(er)不毅。将命公庭,退(tui)忘私位。岂无鹡鸰,固慎(shen)名器。

伯言謇(jian)謇(jian),以(yi)道佐(zuo)世(shi)。出能勤功,入(ru)亦献替。谋宁社稷(ji),妥纷挫锐(rui)。正以(yi)招疑,忠而获戾。

元叹邈远,神(shen)和形(xing)检。如彼白珪(gui),质无尘点。立行以(yi)恆,匡主以(yi)渐。清不增洁(jie),浊不加染。

仲翔高亮,性不(bu)和物。好是(shi)不(bu)群(qun),折而不(bu)屈。屡摧逆鳞,直道受黜。叹过孙阳(yang),放同贾屈。

莘莘众贤,千载(zai)一遇。整辔高衢(qu),骧首(shou)天路。仰揖玄流,俯弘时(shi)务(wu)。名节(jie)殊(shu)涂,雅致同趣(qu)。日月丽天,瞻之不(bu)坠。仁(ren)义在躬(gong),用(yong)之不(bu)匮(kui)。尚想遐风(feng),载(zai)揖载(zai)味。后生击(ji)节(jie),懦夫增气。

从桓(huan)温(wen)北征,作《北征赋》,皆其文之高者。尝与(yu)王珣、伏滔同在温(wen)坐,温(wen)令滔读其《北征赋》,至(zhi)“闻(wen)所传(chuan)于(yu)相(xiang)传(chuan),云获(huo)麟于(yu)此(ci)野(ye),诞(dan)灵物以(yi)瑞德,奚授(shou)体(ti)于(yu)虞(yu)者!疚尼父之洞泣,似(si)实恸而(er)非(fei)假。岂(qi)一性(xing)之足(zu)伤(shang)(shang),乃致(zhi)伤(shang)(shang)于(yu)天下(xia)(xia)”,其本至(zhi)此(ci)便改韵。珣云:“此(ci)赋方传(chuan)千载,无容率耳。今于(yu)‘天下(xia)(xia)’之后,移韵徙事,然(ran)于(yu)写送之致(zhi),似(si)为未尽。”滔云:“得益写韵一句,或为小胜。”温(wen)曰:“卿思益之。”宏(hong)应声答曰:“感不绝(jue)于(yu)余心,愬流风而(er)独写。”珣诵(song)味久之,谓滔曰:“当(dang)今文章之美(mei),故当(dang)共推此(ci)生。”

性强正亮(liang)直(zhi),虽被(bei)温(wen)(wen)礼遇,至于辩论,每不(bu)阿屈,故(gu)荣任不(bu)至。与(yu)伏滔同在温(wen)(wen)府,府中呼为“袁伏”。宏心耻之,每叹(tan)曰:“公之厚恩(en)未优国士,而与(yu)滔比肩,何(he)辱之甚。”

谢安常赏其(qi)机对辩(bian)速。后安为扬州刺史,宏自吏部(bu)郎出为东阳(yang)郡,乃祖(zu)道于冶亭。时(shi)贤皆集,安欲以(yi)卒(zu)迫试之,临别执其(qi)手,顾就左右取(qu)一(yi)扇而授(shou)之曰(yue):“聊以(yi)赠行。”宏应声(sheng)答曰(yue):“辄(zhe)当奉扬仁风,慰彼黎(li)庶。”时(shi)人叹(tan)其(qi)率而能要焉。

宏(hong)见汉时(shi)傅(fu)毅作(zuo)《显宗颂(song)》,辞甚(shen)典雅,乃(nai)作(zuo)颂(song)九章,颂(song)简文之德,上之于孝武。

太元(yuan)初,卒(zu)于(yu)东阳,时年四十九。撰《后汉纪(ji)》三(san)十卷及《竹(zhu)林名士传》三(san)卷、诗赋诔表等杂文(wen)凡三(san)百首,传于(yu)世。

三(san)子(zi)(zi):长(zhang)超子(zi)(zi),次成子(zi)(zi),次明(ming)子(zi)(zi)。明(ming)子(zi)(zi)有父风,最(zui)知名,官至临(lin)贺(he)太(tai)守(shou)。

伏滔,字玄度(du),平昌安丘人(ren)也。有才(cai)(cai)学(xue),少知名。州举秀才(cai)(cai),辟别(bie)驾,皆(jie)不(bu)就。大司(si)马(ma)桓温引为(wei)参军,深加礼接,每宴集之所(suo),必命滔同游。从温伐袁(yuan)真(zhen),至寿(shou)阳,以淮南屡叛,著论二(er)篇,名曰《正淮》。其上篇曰:

淮(huai)南者(zhe),三代扬(yang)州(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)分也。当(dang)春秋时,吴、楚(chu)(chu)、陈、蔡之(zhi)(zhi)与地。战国之(zhi)(zhi)末,楚(chu)(chu)全(quan)有之(zhi)(zhi),而考烈(lie)王都焉。秦并天下,建立郡(jun)县(xian),是为九江(jiang)。刘项之(zhi)(zhi)际,号曰东楚(chu)(chu)。爰自战国至于晋之(zhi)(zhi)中兴,六百(bai)有余年,保(bao)淮(huai)南者(zhe)九姓,称(cheng)兵者(zhe)十(shi)一人,皆亡不旋踵,祸(huo)溢于世,而终莫(mo)戒焉。其(qi)天时欤,地势欤,人事欤?何丧乱(luan)之(zhi)(zhi)若是也!试商(shang)较而论之(zhi)(zhi)。

夫悬象著(zhu)明,而(er)(er)(er)(er)休征表于(yu)(yu)(yu)列宿;山(shan)河衿带(dai),而(er)(er)(er)(er)地(di)险彰(zhang)于(yu)(yu)(yu)丘陵;治(zhi)乱(luan)推移,而(er)(er)(er)(er)兴亡(wang)见(jian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)人事。由此而(er)(er)(er)(er)观,则(ze)兼(jian)也(ye)必矣。昔(xi)妖星出于(yu)(yu)(yu)东南(nan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)弱楚以(yi)亡(wang),飞孛横于(yu)(yu)(yu)天(tian)(tian)汉而(er)(er)(er)(er)刘安(an)诛(zhu)绝,近则(ze)火星晨见(jian)而(er)(er)(er)(er)王凌首谋,长(zhang)彗宵暎而(er)(er)(er)(er)毋丘袭乱(luan)。斯则(ze)表乎(hu)天(tian)(tian)时也(ye)。彼寿(shou)阳(yang)者,南(nan)引(yin)荆汝(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)利,东连(lian)三吴之(zhi)(zhi)富;北接(jie)梁宋,平(ping)涂不过七日;西援陈许,水陆(lu)不出千里;外有江湖之(zhi)(zhi)阻,内保淮(huai)肥之(zhi)(zhi)固。龙泉(quan)之(zhi)(zhi)陂,良畴万顷,舒六(liu)之(zhi)(zhi)贡,利尽蛮越,金石皮革之(zhi)(zhi)具萃焉,苞木(mu)箭竹之(zhi)(zhi)族生焉,山(shan)湖薮泽之(zhi)(zhi)隈,水旱之(zhi)(zhi)所不害(hai),土产草滋(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)实,荒年之(zhi)(zhi)所取给。此则(ze)系乎(hu)地(di)利乎(hu)也(ye)。其俗尚气力而(er)(er)(er)(er)多勇(yong)悍,其人习战争而(er)(er)(er)(er)贵诈伪,豪右并(bing)兼(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)门,十室(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)七;藏甲挟剑之(zhi)(zhi)家(jia),比屋而(er)(er)(er)(er)发。然(ran)而(er)(er)(er)(er)仁义之(zhi)(zhi)化不渐,刑(xing)法之(zhi)(zhi)令不及,所以(yi)屡多亡(wang)国也(ye)。

昔考烈以衰弱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)楚屡(lv)迁其(qi)都,外迫(po)强秦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)威,内遘(gou)阳申之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祸(huo),逃死劫杀,三世(shi)(shi)而(er)灭。黥布以三雄(xiong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)选,功成(cheng)(cheng)垓下,淮(huai)(huai)阴既囚,梁越受戮(lu),嫌结震主之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)威,虑生(sheng)同体之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祸(huo),遂谋图全之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)计,庶几后亡(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)福,众溃于一(yi)战,身(shen)(shen)脂于汉斧。刘(liu)长支庶,奄王(wang)(wang)大国,承丧乱(luan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)余(yu),御(yu)新(xin)化之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)俗(su),无德(de)而(er)宠(chong),欲(yu)极祸(huo)发。王(wang)(wang)安内怀先(xian)父之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)憾,外眩(xuan)奸臣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)说(shuo),招引宾客,沈溺数术,藉二(er)(er)世(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)资,恃(shi)戈(ge)甲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盛,屈强江(jiang)淮(huai)(huai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang),西向而(er)图宗(zong)国,言未绝(jue)(jue)口(kou),身(shen)(shen)嗣俱灭。李(li)宪因亡(wang)新(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)余(yu),袁术当(dang)衰汉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)末,负力幸乱(luan),遂生(sheng)僭(jian)(jian)逆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)计,建号九江(jiang),称制(zhi)下邑,狼(lang)狈奔亡(wang),倾城(cheng)受戮(lu)。及至彦云(yun)、仲恭、公休之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徒(tu),或(huo)(huo)凭宿名,或(huo)(huo)怙前(qian)功,握兵淮(huai)(huai)楚,力制(zhi)东夏,属当(dang)多难之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)世(shi)(shi),仍值废兴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)会,谋非所议(yi),相系祸(huo)败(bai)。祖(zu)约(yue)助逆,身(shen)(shen)亡(wang)家族。彼十乱(luan)者,成(cheng)(cheng)乎人事者也(ye)。然(ran)则侵弱昏(hun)迷,以至绝(jue)(jue)灭,亡(wang)楚当(dang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。恃(shi)强畏逼,遂谋叛(pan)乱(luan),黥布有焉。二(er)(er)王(wang)(wang)遘(gou)逆,宠(chong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)过也(ye)。公路僭(jian)(jian)伪,乘衅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盗也(ye)。二(er)(er)将以图功首(shou)难,士(shi)少以骄矜乐祸(huo)。本其(qi)所因,考其(qi)成(cheng)(cheng)迹,皆宠(chong)盛祸(huo)淫(yin),福过灾生(sheng),而(er)制(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不渐(jian),积(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有由也(ye)。

其下篇曰:

昔(xi)高祖(zu)之(zhi)诛黥(qing)布也(ye),撮(cuo)三策之(zhi)要(yao),驰赦过之(zhi)书,乘(cheng)人(ren)主之(zhi)威以除逆(ni)节之(zhi)虏,然犹决战陈(chen)都,暴尸横野(ye),仅乃(nai)克之(zhi),害(hai)亦深矣(yi)(yi)!长(zhang)安之(zhi)谋,虽兵(bing)未(wei)交(jiao)于(yu)(yu)山东,祸未(wei)遍于(yu)(yu)天下,而(er)驰说之(zhi)士与阖境之(zhi)人(ren)幽囚诛放(fang)者,亦已众(zhong)矣(yi)(yi)。光武连兵(bing)于(yu)(yu)肥舒,魏(wei)祖(zu)驰马于(yu)(yu)蕲苦(ku),而(er)庐九之(zhi)间流(liu)溺兵(bing)凶者十而(er)七八焉(yan)。夫(fu)王凌(ling)面缚(fu),得之(zhi)于(yu)(yu)砎石(shi);仲恭接刃,成之(zhi)于(yu)(yu)后觉也(ye)。而(er)高祖(zu)以之(zhi)宵(xiao)征,世宗以之(zhi)发(fa)疾,岂(qi)不勤哉!文皇挟万乘(cheng)之(zhi)威,杖伊周(zhou)之(zhi)权,内举(ju)京(jing)畿之(zhi)众(zhong),外征四海之(zhi)锐,云合雨集(ji),推(tui)锋(feng)以临淮浦,而(er)诞钦晏然,方(fang)婴城(cheng)自(zi)固,凭轼(shi)以观王师。于(yu)(yu)是筑长(zhang)围(wei),起棼橹,高壁连堑,负戈击(ji)柝以守之(zhi)。自(zi)夏(xia)及春,而(er)后始知亡焉(yan)。然则(ze)屠城(cheng)之(zhi)祸,其可极言乎?约之(zhi)出(chu)奔,淮左为墟,悲夫(fu)!

信哉鲁哀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan),夫生乎深宫,长于膏梁(liang),忧惧不切于身,荣(rong)辱不交于前(qian)(qian),则其(qi)仁义之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本浅(qian)矣(yi)。奉以(yi)(yi)(yi)南(nan)面之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)尊,藉以(yi)(yi)(yi)列城之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)富,宅(zhai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)险之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)居,养(yang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)众强之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盛,而(er)无德以(yi)(yi)(yi)临之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),无制(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)节之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),则厌溢(yi)乐(le)祸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)生矣(yi)。夫以(yi)(yi)(yi)昏主御奸臣(chen),利甲资坚(jian)(jian)城,伪(wei)令(ling)行于封(feng)内,邪惠结于人心(xin),乘间(jian)幸济之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)说(shuo)日(ri)交于侧,猾诈(zha)锢(gu)咎之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)群各驰(chi)于前(qian)(qian),见利如(ru)归,安(an)在其(qi)不为乱乎!况(kuang)乘旧宠,挟前(qian)(qian)功(gong),畏逼惧亡,以(yi)(yi)(yi)谋(mou)图(tu)身之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)举(ju)者,望其(qi)俯首(shou)就羁(ji),不亦迂哉!《易》称“履霜坚(jian)(jian)冰,驯(xun)致之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道,”盖言(yan)渐也。呜呼!斯所以(yi)(yi)(yi)乱臣(chen)贼子亡国覆家(jia)累世而(er)不绝者欤!

昔(xi)先(xian)生之(zhi)宰天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)也,选于有(you)德,访之(zhi)三吏,正其(qi)分位,明(ming)其(qi)等级,画之(zhi)封(feng)疆,宣(xuan)之(zhi)政(zheng)令(ling),上下(xia)(xia)有(you)序(xu),无僭差之(zhi)嫌,四人(ren)安(an)业,无并兼(jian)之(zhi)国。三载考陟,功罪不(bu)得逃其(qi)迹,九伐时修,刑(xing)赏无所(suo)(suo)谬其(qi)实。令(ling)之(zhi)有(you)渐,轨之(zhi)有(you)度(du),宠之(zhi)有(you)节,权(quan)不(bu)外授(shou),威不(bu)下(xia)(xia)黩,所(suo)(suo)以杜其(qi)萌际,重其(qi)名器,深根固本,传之(zhi)百世(shi)。虽时有(you)盛衰,弱者(zhe)无所(suo)(suo)惧其(qi)亡;道有(you)兴废,强者(zhe)不(bu)得资其(qi)弊。夫(fu)如是(shi),将使天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)从风,穆(mu)然轨道,庆自一人(ren),惠流万国,安(an)有(you)向时之(zhi)患(huan)哉!

寿阳平,以功封闻(wen)喜县(xian)侯,除永世令(ling)。温薨,征西将(jiang)军桓豁引(yin)为参军,领华容令(ling)。太元中,拜著作郎,专掌国(guo)史,领本(ben)州大(da)中正。孝武帝尝会(hui)于西堂,滔(tao)豫坐(zuo),还,下车先(xian)呼子系(xi)之(zhi)谓(wei)曰:“百人(ren)高(gao)会(hui),天子先(xian)问伏滔(tao)在坐(zuo)不,此故未易(yi)得。为人(ren)作父如此,定何如也?”迁游击将(jiang)军,著作如故。卒官。

子系之,亦有文才,历黄门郎、侍(shi)中、尚(shang)书、光禄大夫。

罗含(han)(han)(han)(han),字君(jun)章(zhang)(zhang),桂阳(yang)耒阳(yang)人也。曾祖彦,临(lin)海太(tai)守(shou)。父绥,荥(ying)阳(yang)太(tai)守(shou)。含(han)(han)(han)(han)幼孤,为(wei)(wei)叔母硃氏所(suo)养。少(shao)有(you)志尚(shang),尝(chang)昼(zhou)卧,梦一(yi)鸟文(wen)彩(cai)异常,飞入口中(zhong),因惊起说之(zhi)。硃氏曰:“鸟有(you)文(wen)彩(cai),汝后(hou)(hou)必有(you)文(wen)章(zhang)(zhang)。”自此(ci)(ci)后(hou)(hou)藻思日新(xin)(xin)(xin)。弱冠,州(zhou)三辟,不(bu)就。含(han)(han)(han)(han)父尝(chang)宰新(xin)(xin)(xin)淦,新(xin)(xin)(xin)淦人杨羡后(hou)(hou)为(wei)(wei)含(han)(han)(han)(han)州(zhou)将,引含(han)(han)(han)(han)为(wei)(wei)主(zhu)簿(bu),含(han)(han)(han)(han)傲然(ran)不(bu)顾,羡招致不(bu)已,辞不(bu)获而(er)(er)(er)就焉。及(ji)羡去职,含(han)(han)(han)(han)送之(zhi)到(dao)县。新(xin)(xin)(xin)淦人以含(han)(han)(han)(han)旧宰之(zhi)子,咸致赂遗,含(han)(han)(han)(han)难违而(er)(er)(er)受之(zhi)。及(ji)归(gui),悉封(feng)置而(er)(er)(er)去。由是远近推服焉。后(hou)(hou)为(wei)(wei)郡(jun)功曹,刺史庾(yu)亮以为(wei)(wei)部江夏从(cong)事。太(tai)守(shou)谢尚(shang)与含(han)(han)(han)(han)为(wei)(wei)方外之(zhi)好,乃(nai)称曰:“罗君(jun)章(zhang)(zhang)可谓(wei)湘中(zhong)之(zhi)琳(lin)琅。”寻(xun)转州(zhou)主(zhu)簿(bu)。后(hou)(hou)桓温(wen)临(lin)州(zhou),又补征(zheng)西参(can)军。温(wen)尝(chang)使含(han)(han)(han)(han)诣尚(shang),有(you)所(suo)检劾(he)。含(han)(han)(han)(han)至(zhi),不(bu)问郡(jun)事,与尚(shang)累日酣饮而(er)(er)(er)还。温(wen)问所(suo)劾(he)事,含(han)(han)(han)(han)曰:“公谓(wei)尚(shang)何如(ru)人?”温(wen)曰:“胜我(wo)也。”含(han)(han)(han)(han)曰:“岂有(you)胜公而(er)(er)(er)行非邪!故一(yi)无所(suo)问。”温(wen)奇(qi)其(qi)意而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)责焉。转州(zhou)别驾。以廨(xie)舍喧扰,于城(cheng)西池小洲上立茅屋(wu),伐(fa)木为(wei)(wei)材,织苇为(wei)(wei)席而(er)(er)(er)居,布衣蔬食(shi),晏如(ru)也。温(wen)尝(chang)与僚属宴(yan)会,含(han)(han)(han)(han)后(hou)(hou)至(zhi)。温(wen)问众坐曰:“此(ci)(ci)何如(ru)人?”或曰:“可谓(wei)荆楚(chu)之(zhi)材。”温(wen)曰:“此(ci)(ci)自江左(zuo)之(zhi)秀,岂惟荆楚(chu)而(er)(er)(er)已。”征(zheng)为(wei)(wei)尚(shang)书郎(lang)。温(wen)雅重其(qi)才,又表转征(zheng)西户(hu)曹参(can)军。俄(e)迁宜都(dou)太(tai)守(shou)。及(ji)温(wen)封(feng)南(nan)郡(jun)公,引为(wei)(wei)郎(lang)中(zhong)令。寻(xun)征(zheng)正员(yuan)郎(lang),累迁散骑常侍、侍中(zhong),仍(reng)转廷尉、长沙(sha)相。年(nian)老致仕,加中(zhong)散大(da)夫,门施行马。初,含(han)(han)(han)(han)在官(guan)舍,有(you)一(yi)白(bai)雀妻集堂宇,及(ji)致仕还家(jia),阶庭忽兰菊丛生,以为(wei)(wei)德行之(zhi)感焉。年(nian)七(qi)十七(qi)卒,所(suo)著文(wen)章(zhang)(zhang)行于世。

顾恺之,字长康,晋陵无锡人(ren)也。父悦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),尚书(shu)左丞。恺(kai)(kai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)博(bo)学有(you)才气,尝为(wei)《筝赋》成,谓人(ren)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“吾赋之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)比嵇康琴,不赏者(zhe)必以后出相遗,深(shen)识(shi)者(zhe)亦(yi)当以高奇(qi)见(jian)(jian)贵。”桓(huan)(huan)温(wen)引(yin)为(wei)大司马(ma)参(can)军,甚(shen)见(jian)(jian)亲(qin)昵。温(wen)薨后,恺(kai)(kai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)拜温(wen)墓,赋诗云(yun)(yun):“山崩溟海竭,鱼鸟将何依!”或问之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“卿凭重桓(huan)(huan)公乃尔,哭状(zhuang)其(qi)可见(jian)(jian)乎?”答(da)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“声(sheng)如震雷(lei)破山,泪如倾河注(zhu)海。”恺(kai)(kai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)好(hao)谐(xie)谑,人(ren)多爱狎之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。后为(wei)殷仲堪(kan)(kan)(kan)参(can)军,亦(yi)深(shen)被(bei)眷接(jie)。仲堪(kan)(kan)(kan)在荆州,恺(kai)(kai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)尝因(yin)假还,仲堪(kan)(kan)(kan)特(te)以布帆(fan)借之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),至(zhi)破冢,遭风(feng)大败(bai)。恺(kai)(kai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)与仲堪(kan)(kan)(kan)笺曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“地名破冢,真破冢而(er)出。行人(ren)安(an)稳(wen),布帆(fan)无恙(yang)。”还至(zhi)荆州,人(ren)问以会稽(ji)山川之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)状(zhuang)。恺(kai)(kai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)云(yun)(yun):“千岩竞秀,万壑争流。草木蒙笼,若云(yun)(yun)兴(xing)霞蔚。”桓(huan)(huan)玄(xuan)时与恺(kai)(kai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)同在仲堪(kan)(kan)(kan)坐,共作(zuo)了语(yu)。恺(kai)(kai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)先曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“火烧平原无遗燎(liao)。”玄(xuan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“白布缠(chan)根树旒旐。”仲堪(kan)(kan)(kan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“投(tou)鱼深(shen)泉放(fang)飞鸟。”复作(zuo)危语(yu)。玄(xuan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“矛头淅米剑头炊。”仲堪(kan)(kan)(kan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“百岁老翁(weng)攀枯枝。”有(you)一参(can)军云(yun)(yun):“盲人(ren)骑瞎(xia)马(ma)临深(shen)池。”仲堪(kan)(kan)(kan)眇目,惊曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“此(ci)太(tai)逼(bi)人(ren)!”因(yin)罢。恺(kai)(kai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)每(mei)食甘蔗,恆自尾(wei)至(zhi)本。人(ren)或怪之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),云(yun)(yun):“渐入佳境(jing)。”

尤善(shan)丹青,图(tu)写特妙(miao),谢安(an)深重之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以为(wei)(wei)有苍生以来未之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有也。恺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)每画(hua)(hua)(hua)人成,或数年不(bu)(bu)点目精。人问其(qi)故,答(da)曰:“四(si)体妍蚩,本无(wu)阙(que)少于妙(miao)处,传神写照,正(zheng)在阿堵中(zhong)。”尝悦一邻女(nv),挑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弗(fu)从(cong),乃(nai)图(tu)其(qi)形于壁(bi),以棘针钉(ding)其(qi)心(xin),女(nv)遂(sui)患心(xin)痛。恺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)因致(zhi)其(qi)情,女(nv)从(cong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),遂(sui)密去针而愈。恺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)每重嵇康四(si)言诗,因为(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)图(tu),恆云(yun)(yun):“手挥五弦(xian)易,目送(song)归鸿难(nan)。”每写起人形,妙(miao)绝于时(shi)。尝图(tu)裴楷象(xiang),颊上加三毛,观者(zhe)(zhe)觉神明(ming)殊胜。又为(wei)(wei)谢鲲象(xiang),在石岩里(li),云(yun)(yun):“此子(zi)宜置丘(qiu)壑中(zhong)。”欲图(tu)殷(yin)仲堪(kan)(kan),仲堪(kan)(kan)有目病,固辞。恺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰:“明(ming)府正(zheng)为(wei)(wei)眼耳,若明(ming)点瞳子(zi),飞白拂上,使如轻(qing)云(yun)(yun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蔽(bi)月,岂(qi)不(bu)(bu)美(mei)乎!”仲堪(kan)(kan)乃(nai)从(cong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。恺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)尝以一厨画(hua)(hua)(hua)糊题其(qi)前,寄桓玄(xuan),皆其(qi)深所(suo)珍惜者(zhe)(zhe)。玄(xuan)乃(nai)发其(qi)厨后,窃取(qu)画(hua)(hua)(hua),而缄(jian)闭(bi)如旧以还之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),绐云(yun)(yun)未开。恺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)见封题如初,但(dan)失其(qi)画(hua)(hua)(hua),直云(yun)(yun)妙(miao)画(hua)(hua)(hua)通灵,变化而去,亦(yi)犹(you)人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)登仙,了无(wu)怪色。

恺(kai)(kai)(kai)之(zhi)(zhi)矜伐过实(shi),少(shao)年因(yin)相(xiang)称誉(yu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)戏弄。又为(wei)(wei)吟(yin)咏,自(zi)谓得先贤风制。或请(qing)其作(zuo)洛生咏,答曰:“何至作(zuo)老(lao)婢声!”义(yi)熙初,为(wei)(wei)散骑常侍,与谢瞻(zhan)连(lian)省,夜于月下长咏,瞻(zhan)每遥赞之(zhi)(zhi),恺(kai)(kai)(kai)之(zhi)(zhi)弥自(zi)力忘倦。瞻(zhan)将眠,令人代己(ji),恺(kai)(kai)(kai)之(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)觉有异,遂申旦(dan)而止。尤信小术(shu),以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)求之(zhi)(zhi)必得。桓玄尝以(yi)(yi)(yi)一柳叶(ye)绐之(zhi)(zhi)曰:“此(ci)蝉所(suo)翳叶(ye)也,取以(yi)(yi)(yi)自(zi)蔽,人不(bu)(bu)见己(ji)。”恺(kai)(kai)(kai)之(zhi)(zhi)喜,引叶(ye)自(zi)蔽,玄就(jiu)溺焉,恺(kai)(kai)(kai)之(zhi)(zhi)信其不(bu)(bu)见己(ji)也,甚以(yi)(yi)(yi)珍(zhen)之(zhi)(zhi)。

初,恺之(zhi)在桓温(wen)府(fu),常(chang)云:“恺之(zhi)体(ti)中痴(chi)黠(xia)各半,合(he)而(er)论之(zhi),正(zheng)得平耳。”故(gu)俗传恺之(zhi)有三绝:才(cai)绝,画绝,痴(chi)绝。年六(liu)十二,卒于(yu)官,所著(zhu)文集及《启蒙记》行于(yu)世。

郭澄之(zhi),字(zi)仲(zhong)静,太原阳曲(qu)人(ren)也。少有(you)才思,机敏兼人(ren)。调补尚书郎,出为南(nan)康(kang)相。值(zhi)卢(lu)循作逆,流(liu)离仅(jin)得还都。刘裕引为相国参军。从裕北伐,既(ji)克长(zhang)安(an),裕意更欲西(xi)伐,集僚属议之(zhi),多(duo)不(bu)同。次问澄之(zhi),澄之(zhi)不(bu)答,西(xi)向诵王粲诗曰:“南(nan)登霸陵岸,回首望长(zhang)安(an)。”裕便意定,谓(wei)澄之(zhi)曰:“当(dang)与卿共登霸陵岸耳。”因(yin)还。

澄之(zhi)位至(zhi)裕相国从事中郎,封(feng)南(nan)丰侯,卒于官,所著文集行于世。

史臣(chen)曰:夫赏(shang)好生(sheng)于情,刚(gang)柔本于性,情之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所适,发乎咏歌,而(er)(er)感召无象,风律殊制(zhi)。至于应(ying)贞宴(yan)射之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文,极形言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美,华(hua)林群藻罕或畴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。子安幼(you)标明敏(min),少蓄清(qing)思,怀(huai)天地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)寥廓,赋辞人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所遗,特构新情,岂(qi)常(chang)均(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所企!太冲含(han)豪历载,以(yi)赋《三都》,士安见(jian)(jian)而(er)(er)称善,平原睹而(er)(er)韬翰,匪惟高(gao)步(bu)当年,故以(yi)腾华(hua)终(zhong)古。邹(zou)湛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)持论,枣据之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)缘情,实(shi)南阳之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人杰,盖颍川之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)秀(xiu)。季(ji)雅(ya)摛属(shu)遒迈,夙备成德(de),称为泉岱(dai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)珍(zhen),固其然矣。彦伯未(wei)能(neng)混迹光尘(chen),而(er)(er)屈乎卑位,《释时(shi)(shi)》宏论,亦足见(jian)(jian)其志耳。季(ji)鹰纵(zong)诞一时(shi)(shi),不(bu)邀(yao)名爵,《黄(huang)花》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)什,浚发神府。仲初之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文,风流(liu)可(ke)尚,擢(zhuo)秀(xiu)士林,《扬都》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美,尤重时(shi)(shi)彦。曹毗沈研(yan)秘籍(ji),踠足下僚(liao),绮靡降神之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歌,朗(lang)暢《对儒(ru)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)论。李充之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)《学箴》,信清(qing)壮也(ye)。袁宏《东征》、《名臣(chen)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo),抑潘(pan)陆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亚。玄度学艺优瞻,笔削擅奇,降帝问于西堂,故其荣观也(ye)。君章耀湘中之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宝,挺荆(jing)楚之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)材,梦(meng)鸟发乎精诚,岂(qi)独(du)日者之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蛟凤!长(zhang)康(kang)矜能(neng)过实(shi),谭谐取容(rong),而(er)(er)才(cai)多逸气,故有三绝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)目。仲静机思通(tong)敏(min),延誉清(qing)流(liu),德(de)舆西伐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)计(ji),取定于微指者矣。

赞曰:爻彖垂法,宫征(zheng)流(liu)音(yin)。美哉群彦,扬蕤翰林(lin)。俱谐振玉,各擅锵(qiang)金。子(zi)安、太冲(chong),遒文绮(qi)烂(lan)。袁、庾、充、恺,缛藻(zao)霞焕(huan)。架(jia)彼辞人(ren),共(gong)超清(qing)贯(guan)。

【晋书目录】

更多有关晋书 二十四史 的资料
请你点此纠错或发表评论 文章录入:09ping    责任编辑:Gaoge 
随机推荐
�Ϻ���ǧ�����Ϻ�,�Ϻ���ǧ��Ʒ��,�Ϻ���ǧ���Ϻ�Ʒ����,����������,����ɣ����ҹ�Ϻ���̳,ҹ�Ϻ�������̳,�Ϻ�419��̳���Ϻ�,���Ϻ�ͬ�ǽ�����̳,���Ϻ�Ʒ�� ����