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金史 列传第三十七 在线阅读

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金史 列传第三十七

  ○徒单(dan)镒 贾(jia)铉 孙(sun)铎 孙(sun)即康(kang) 李(li)革(ge)

徒(tu)单镒(yi)本名按出(chu),上京(jing)路速(su)速(su)保子(zi)猛(meng)安人(ren)。父乌辇(nian),北京(jing)副留守。镒(yi)颖悟(wu)绝伦(lun),甫(fu)七岁(sui),习女直(zhi)字(zi)。大(da)(da)定四年(nian),诏(zhao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)女直(zhi)字(zi)译书(shu)(shu)籍。五(wu)年(nian),翰(han)(han)林侍(shi)(shi)讲学(xue)(xue)士(shi)(shi)徒(tu)单子(zi)温(wen)进所译《贞观政要》、《白氏策林》等书(shu)(shu)。六年(nian),复进《史记》、《西汉(han)书(shu)(shu)》,诏(zhao)颁行之。选(xuan)(xuan)诸路学(xue)(xue)生三(san)十(shi)余人(ren),令(ling)编(bian)修(xiu)官(guan)温(wen)迪(di)罕(han)缔(di)达(da)教(jiao)(jiao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)古书(shu)(shu),习作(zuo)诗、策。镒(yi)在(zai)选(xuan)(xuan)中,最精(jing)诣,遂通契(qi)丹(dan)大(da)(da)小字(zi)及汉(han)字(zi),该习经(jing)史。久(jiu)之,枢密(mi)使(shi)完颜思敬请教(jiao)(jiao)女直(zhi)人(ren)举进士(shi)(shi),下尚书(shu)(shu)省议(yi)。奏曰:“初(chu)立女直(zhi)进士(shi)(shi)科(ke),且免乡、府两试(shi)(shi),其礼(li)部试(shi)(shi)、廷试(shi)(shi),止(zhi)对策一(yi)道(dao),限字(zi)五(wu)百以(yi)(yi)(yi)上成。在(zai)都(dou)设国(guo)子(zi)学(xue)(xue),诸路设府学(xue)(xue),并以(yi)(yi)(yi)新进士(shi)(shi)充教(jiao)(jiao)授(shou),士(shi)(shi)民子(zi)弟愿(yuan)学(xue)(xue)者听(ting)。岁(sui)久(jiu),学(xue)(xue)者当(dang)自众(zhong),即同(tong)汉(han)人(ren)进士(shi)(shi)三(san)年(nian)一(yi)试(shi)(shi)。”从之。十(shi)三(san)年(nian)八(ba)月(yue),诏(zhao)策女直(zhi)进士(shi)(shi),问以(yi)(yi)(yi)求贤为治之道(dao)。侍(shi)(shi)御史完颜蒲涅、太常博士(shi)(shi)李晏、应奉翰(han)(han)林文(wen)字(zi)阿不罕(han)德甫(fu)、移(yi)刺(ci)杰、中都(dou)路都(dou)转(zhuan)运副使(shi)奚釭考(kao)试(shi)(shi)镒(yi)等二十(shi)七人(ren)及第。镒(yi)授(shou)两官(guan),余授(shou)一(yi)官(guan),上三(san)人(ren)为中都(dou)路教(jiao)(jiao)授(shou),四名以(yi)(yi)(yi)下除各路教(jiao)(jiao)授(shou)。十(shi)五(wu)年(nian),诏(zhao)译诸经(jing),著作(zuo)佐郎温(wen)迪(di)罕(han)缔(di)达(da)、编(bian)修(xiu)官(guan)宗璧、尚书(shu)(shu)省译史阿鲁、吏部令(ling)史杨(yang)克(ke)忠译解,翰(han)(han)林修(xiu)撰移(yi)刺(ci)杰、应奉翰(han)(han)林文(wen)字(zi)移(yi)刺(ci)履讲究(jiu)其义。镒(yi)自中都(dou)路教(jiao)(jiao)授(shou)选(xuan)(xuan)为国(guo)子(zi)助教(jiao)(jiao)。左丞相纥石烈(lie)良(liang)弼尝到学(xue)(xue)中与镒(yi)谈论,深加礼(li)敬。丁母忧(you),起复国(guo)史院编(bian)修(xiu)官(guan)。

世宗(zong)尝(chang)问(wen)太尉(wei)完(wan)颜守(shou)道曰:“徒单镒何如人也?”守(shou)道对曰:“有材力,可(ke)任政事。”上曰:“然,当(dang)以剧(ju)任处之。”又(you)曰:“镒容止温(wen)雅,其心平易。”久之,兼(jian)修起居注(zhu),累迁翰(han)林(lin)待(dai)制(zhi),兼(jian)右司员外郎。献《汉光武中兴赋(fu)》,世宗(zong)大悦曰:“不设此(ci)科,安(an)得(de)此(ci)人。”

章宗(zong)即位,迁(qian)左谏议大(da)夫(fu),兼(jian)吏部侍郎(lang)。明昌元年,为御史(shi)中丞。无(wu)何,拜参知(zhi)政(zheng)事,兼(jian)修(xiu)国史(shi)。镒言:“人生有(you)欲,不(bu)限以(yi)(yi)制,则侈心(xin)无(wu)极。今承平(ping)日久,当慎行(xing)此道,以(yi)(yi)为经久之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)治。”章宗(zong)锐意于治平(ping),镒上书(shu),其略曰:“臣(chen)窃观唐(tang)、虞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)书(shu),其臣(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)进言于君曰‘戒哉’,‘懋(mao)哉’,曰‘吁’,曰‘都’。既陈其戒,复导其美。君之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为治也(ye),必曰:‘稽于众,舍己(ji)从(cong)人’。既能(neng)听之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),又(you)能(neng)行(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),又(you)从(cong)而兴起之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。君臣(chen)上下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间相与(yu)如此。陛下(xia)继(ji)兴隆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)运(yun),抚太平(ping)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)基,诚宜稽古崇德,留(liu)意于此,无(wu)因物以(yi)(yi)好恶喜怒,无(wu)以(yi)(yi)好恶喜怒轻(qing)忽小善,不(bu)恤人言。夫(fu)上下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情(qing)(qing)有(you)通(tong)塞,天(tian)地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)运(yun)有(you)否泰。唐(tang)陆贽(zhi)尝陈隔塞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)九弊,上有(you)其六,下(xia)有(you)其三。陛下(xia)能(neng)慎其六,为臣(chen)子(zi)者敢(gan)不(bu)慎其三哉!上下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情(qing)(qing)既通(tong),则大(da)纲举而群目张(zhang)矣。”进尚书(shu)右丞,修(xiu)史(shi)如故。

三年(nian),罢为横海军节度使,改(gai)定武军节度使,知平(ping)阳府事(shi)。先(xian)是(shi),郑王永蹈(dao)判(pan)定武军,镐王永中判(pan)平(ping)阳府,相(xiang)继得罪,连引者众,上(shang)(shang)疑其有党,或命节度定武,继又知平(ping)阳焉(yan)。改(gai)西(xi)京(jing)留守。承(cheng)安三年(nian),改(gai)上(shang)(shang)京(jing)留守。五年(nian),上(shang)(shang)问宰臣:“徒单镒(yi)(yi)与宗(zong)浩孰优?”平(ping)章政事(shi)张万公(gong)(gong)对曰(yue)(yue):“皆才能之士,镒(yi)(yi)似优者。镒(yi)(yi)有执守,宗(zong)浩多(duo)数(shu)耳。”上(shang)(shang)曰(yue)(yue):“何谓多(duo)数(shu)?”万公(gong)(gong)曰(yue)(yue):“宗(zong)浩微似趋合。”上(shang)(shang)曰(yue)(yue):“卿言是(shi)也(ye)。”顷之,镒(yi)(yi)拜平(ping)章政事(shi),封济国公(gong)(gong)。

淑妃李氏擅宠,兄弟恣横,朝臣往(wang)往(wang)出入其(qi)(qi)门。是时烈风(feng)昏(hun)噎连日,诏问变异(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)由。镒上(shang)疏略曰:“仁(ren)、义(yi)(yi)、礼(li)、智、信(xin)谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)五(wu)(wu)常,父义(yi)(yi)、母慈、兄友、弟敬、子孝(xiao)谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)五(wu)(wu)德。今五(wu)(wu)常不(bu)立(li),五(wu)(wu)德不(bu)兴,缙绅学古(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士(shi)弃礼(li)义(yi)(yi),忘廉耻,细民违(wei)道(dao)畔义(yi)(yi),迷(mi)不(bu)知返,背毁(hui)天常,骨内相(xiang)残,动伤和气,此非一朝一夕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)故(gu)也。今宜正薄俗,顺人(ren)(ren)心,父父子子夫(fu)夫(fu)妇妇,各(ge)得(de)其(qi)(qi)道(dao),然(ran)后和气普洽,福(fu)禄(lu)荐臻矣。”因论:“为(wei)(wei)政之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)术(shu),其(qi)(qi)急有二(er)。一曰正臣下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心。窃见群下(xia)不(bu)明礼(li)义(yi)(yi),趋利者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)众(zhong),何(he)以责小民之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)从化哉。其(qi)(qi)用人(ren)(ren)也,德器为(wei)(wei)上(shang),才(cai)美为(wei)(wei)下(xia),兼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)待(dai)以不(bu)次(ci),才(cai)下(xia)行美者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)次(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),虽有才(cai)能,行义(yi)(yi)无取者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),抑而(er)下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),则(ze)臣下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)趋向正矣。其(qi)(qi)二(er)曰导学者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志。教化之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行,兴于学校。今学者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)失其(qi)(qi)本(ben)真,经(jing)史雅(ya)奥,委(wei)而(er)不(bu)习,藻饰虚词(ci),钓取禄(lu)利,乞令取士(shi)兼问经(jing)史故(gu)实,使(shi)学者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)皆守经(jing)学,不(bu)惑(huo)于近(jin)(jin)习之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)靡,则(ze)善矣。”又曰:“凡(fan)天下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi),丛来者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)非一端,形(xing)似(si)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)非一体,法制不(bu)能尽,隐于近(jin)(jin)似(si),乃(nai)生(sheng)异(yi)论。孔(kong)子曰:‘义(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)天下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制也。’《记(ji)》曰:‘义(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)断(duan)(duan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节。’伏望陛下(xia)临制万(wan)机,事(shi)有异(yi)议,少(shao)凝圣虑,寻绎其(qi)(qi)端,则(ze)裁断(duan)(duan)有定,而(er)疑可辨矣。”镒言皆切时弊,上(shang)虽纳(na)其(qi)(qi)说,而(er)不(bu)能行。上(shang)问汉高(gao)帝、光(guang)(guang)武(wu)优(you)(you)劣。平章政事(shi)张(zhang)万(wan)公(gong)对曰:“高(gao)祖优(you)(you)甚。”镒曰:“光(guang)(guang)武(wu)再造汉业(ye),在位三十年,无沈湎(mian)冒色之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)。高(gao)祖惑(huo)戚姬,卒(zu)至于乱(luan)。由是言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),光(guang)(guang)武(wu)优(you)(you)。”上(shang)默然(ran)。镒盖以元妃李氏隆宠过盛,故(gu)微谏云。泰(tai)和四年,罢知咸(xian)平府。五(wu)(wu)年,改南京留守。六年,徙知河中府,兼陕西安抚使(shi)。

仆散揆行省(sheng)河(he)南(nan)、陕(shan)西,元帅(shuai)府(fu)(fu)虽受揆节制(zhi),实颛方(fang)面,上(shang)思用谋臣制(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi),由是升(sheng)宣抚(fu)使一(yi)品,镒改知京(jing)兆(zhao)(zhao)府(fu)(fu)事,充宣抚(fu)使,陕(shan)西元帅(shuai)府(fu)(fu)并受节制(zhi)。诏曰:“将(jiang)帅(shuai)虽武悍(han),久(jiu)历行阵,而宋人狡(jiao)狯,亦资算胜(sheng)。卿(qing)之(zhi)(zhi)智略,朕所深悉,且(qie)股(gu)肱旧臣,故(gu)有(you)此寄。宜以长刺御敌(di),厉兵抚(fu)民,称朕意焉。”镒言:“初置急递铺,本为转送文(wen)牒,今一(yi)切乘驿,非(fei)便。”上(shang)深然(ran)之(zhi)(zhi)。始置提控(kong)急递铺官(guan)。自中都至(zhi)真定(ding)、平阳置者(zhe),达(da)于(yu)京(jing)兆(zhao)(zhao)。京(jing)兆(zhao)(zhao)至(zhi)凤(feng)翔置者(zhe),达(da)于(yu)临洮。自真定(ding)至(zhi)彰(zhang)德置者(zhe),达(da)于(yu)南(nan)京(jing)。自南(nan)京(jing)分至(zhi)归德置者(zhe),达(da)于(yu)泗州(zhou)、寿(shou)州(zhou),分至(zhi)许州(zhou)置者(zhe),达(da)于(yu)邓州(zhou)。自中都至(zhi)沧州(zhou)置者(zhe),达(da)于(yu)益都府(fu)(fu)。自此邮达(da)无(wu)复滞焉。

七(qi)年(nian),吴(wu)曦死,宋(song)安丙分(fen)兵(bing)出(chu)秦、陇间。十月(yue),诏镒出(chu)兵(bing)金、房以(yi)分(fen)掣宋(song)人(ren)梁(liang)、益、汉、沔兵(bing)势。镒遣行军都统斡勒叶(ye)禄瓦、副统把(ba)回(hui)海(hai)(hai)、完(wan)颜掴(guai)刺(ci)以(yi)步骑五千(qian)(qian)出(chu)商州(zhou)(zhou)。十一月(yue),叶(ye)禄瓦拔(ba)鹘岭(ling)(ling)关(guan),掴(guai)刺(ci)别(bie)将攻破(po)燕子(zi)关(guan)新道口(kou)(kou),回(hui)海(hai)(hai)取(qu)小(xiao)湖关(guan)敖仓,至(zhi)营口(kou)(kou)镇,破(po)宋(song)兵(bing)千(qian)(qian)余(yu)人(ren),追(zhui)至(zhi)上(shang)津县,斩首八百(bai)余(yu)级,遂(sui)取(qu)上(shang)津县。叶(ye)禄瓦破(po)宋(song)兵(bing)二千(qian)(qian)于(yu)平溪(xi),将趋金州(zhou)(zhou)。宋(song)王柟(nan)以(yi)书(shu)乞(qi)和,诏镒召叶(ye)禄瓦军退守鹘岭(ling)(ling)关(guan)。八年(nian)正月(yue),宋(song)安丙遣景(jing)统领由梅(mei)子(zi)溪(xi)、新道口(kou)(kou)、硃砂谷袭鹘岭(ling)(ling)关(guan),回(hui)海(hai)(hai),掴(guai)刺(ci)击走之,斩景(jing)统领于(yu)阵。是(shi)岁,罢兵(bing)。镒迁特进(jin),赐赉有差。改(gai)知真定府(fu)事。

大(da)安(an)初,加仪同(tong)三司(si),封濮国公。改东(dong)京留守(shou)(shou),过阙入(ru)(ru)见。卫绍王谓镒(yi)曰:“卿(qing)(qing)两朝旧德,欲用卿(qing)(qing)为相。太尉(wei)匡,卿(qing)(qing)之门人,朕不可屈卿(qing)(qing)下之。”迁开府仪同(tong)三司(si),佩金(jin)符,充辽东(dong)安(an)抚(fu)副使。三年,改上京留守(shou)(shou)。平章政(zheng)事独吉思忠败绩(ji)于会(hui)河堡,中(zhong)都(dou)戒严,镒(yi)曰:“事急矣。”乃选兵二万,遣同(tong)知乌古(gu)孙兀屯将之,入(ru)(ru)卫中(zhong)都(dou)。朝廷(ting)嘉(jia)之,征拜(bai)尚书右丞相,监修国史。

镒言:“自(zi)用兵(bing)以(yi)(yi)来,彼聚而行(xing)(xing),我散而守(shou),以(yi)(yi)聚攻散,其败必然。不(bu)若入(ru)保大(da)城,并力备(bei)御。昌(chang)、桓(huan)、抚三(san)(san)州素号富实,人皆勇健(jian),可(ke)以(yi)(yi)内徙,益(yi)我兵(bing)势,人畜(chu)货财,不(bu)至(zhi)(zhi)亡失(shi)。”平章政事移刺、参知(zhi)政事梁絪曰(yue):“如(ru)此是自(zi)蹙境土也。”卫(wei)绍(shao)王(wang)(wang)以(yi)(yi)责镒。镒复奏曰(yue):“辽东国家根(gen)本,距(ju)中都数千里(li),万一受兵(bing),州府顾望,必须报可(ke),误事多矣(yi)。可(ke)遣(qian)大(da)臣行(xing)(xing)省以(yi)(yi)镇之(zhi)。”卫(wei)绍(shao)王(wang)(wang)不(bu)悦曰(yue):“无故置行(xing)(xing)省,徒摇人心耳。”其后(hou)失(shi)昌(chang)、桓(huan)、抚三(san)(san)州,卫(wei)绍(shao)王(wang)(wang)乃(nai)大(da)悔曰(yue):“从丞相之(zhi)言,当不(bu)至(zhi)(zhi)此!”顷之(zhi),东京不(bu)守(shou),卫(wei)绍(shao)王(wang)(wang)自(zi)讼曰(yue):“我见丞相耻哉!”

术虎高琪驻兵缙山(shan),甚得人(ren)心,士(shi)乐为(wei)用。至宁(ning)元年,尚书左丞完颜纲将行省于缙山(shan),镒谓纲曰(yue)(yue):“行省不(bu)必自往(wang),不(bu)若益兵为(wei)便。”纲不(bu)听,且行,镒遣人(ren)止之曰(yue)(yue):“高琪之功,即行省之功也。”亦(yi)不(bu)听。纲至缙山(shan),遂败(bai)绩焉。

顷之(zhi)(zhi),镒(yi)坠马(ma)伤(shang)足在(zai)告,闻胡(hu)(hu)沙(sha)(sha)虎(hu)难作,命驾(jia)将入(ru)省。或告之(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue):“省府相幕(mu)皆以军士守之(zhi)(zhi),不可入(ru)矣(yi)(yi)。”少顷,兵士索(suo)人(ren)于(yu)闾(lv)巷,镒(yi)乃还第(di)。胡(hu)(hu)沙(sha)(sha)虎(hu)意不可测,方(fang)犹豫,不能自定(ding),乃诣(yi)镒(yi)问疾(ji),从(cong)(cong)人(ren)望也。镒(yi)从(cong)(cong)容谓之(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue):“翼王,章(zhang)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)之(zhi)(zhi)兄,显宗(zong)(zong)(zong)长子(zi),众望所(suo)属(shu),元帅(shuai)(shuai)决策立之(zhi)(zhi),万世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)功也。”胡(hu)(hu)沙(sha)(sha)虎(hu)默然而去,乃迎(ying)宣宗(zong)(zong)(zong)于(yu)彰德。胡(hu)(hu)沙(sha)(sha)虎(hu)既杀徒单南(nan)平,欲执(zhi)其弟(di)知真(zhen)定(ding)府事(shi)铭(ming),镒(yi)说(shuo)之(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue):“车驾(jia)道出真(zhen)定(ding),镐王家在(zai)威州(zhou),河(he)北人(ren)心易摇,徒单铭(ming)有变,朝廷危矣(yi)(yi)。不如与(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)金牌,奉迎(ying)车驾(jia),铭(ming)必感元帅(shuai)(shuai)之(zhi)(zhi)恩。”胡(hu)(hu)沙(sha)(sha)虎(hu)从(cong)(cong)之(zhi)(zhi)。至宁、贞祐之(zhi)(zhi)际,转败为功,惟镒(yi)是赖焉。

宣宗(zong)即位,进拜(bai)左丞相,封广平郡王,授中都路(lu)迭(die)鲁都世袭猛安(an)蒲鲁吉必剌(la)谋克。镒(yi)尚有足疾,诏侍朝无拜(bai)。明(ming)年,镒(yi)建议和亲。言事者请罢(ba)按(an)察司。镒(yi)曰:“今(jin)郡县(xian)多残毁,正须按(an)察司抚集,不可罢(ba)。”遂止。宣宗(zong)将幸南京(jing),镒(yi)曰:“銮辂一动,北路(lu)皆不守矣(yi)。今(jin)已(yi)讲和,聚兵积粟,固守京(jing)师,策(ce)之(zhi)(zhi)上也。南京(jing)四面(mian)受兵。辽东根本之(zhi)(zhi)地,依山负海,其险足恃,备御一面(mian),以为后图(tu),策(ce)之(zhi)(zhi)次也。”不从(cong)。是岁,薨。诏赙赠从(cong)优(you)厚。

镒明(ming)敏方(fang)正(zheng),学问该贯,一时名士,皆出其(qi)门(men),多至卿相。尝(chang)叹文士委顿,虽(sui)巧拙不(bu)同(tong),要以仁义(yi)道德为(wei)本,乃著(zhu)《学之急》、《道之要》二篇(pian)。太学诸生刻之于(yu)石(shi)。有《弘道集》六(liu)卷。

贾铉(xuan),字鼎臣,博州(zhou)博平人。性纯厚,好学(xue)问。中大定十三年进士,调滕州(zhou)军事(shi)(shi)判官、单州(zhou)司(si)候,补(bu)尚书省令(ling)史。章宗为右(you)丞(cheng)相,深器(qi)重之(zhi),除陕西东路(lu)转(zhuan)运(yun)副使。入为刑部主事(shi)(shi),迁(qian)监(jian)察御史。迁(qian)侍御史,改右(you)司(si)谏。上疏(shu)论(lun)边戍利害,上嘉纳之(zhi),迁(qian)左谏议大夫兼工(gong)部侍郎,与党怀英(ying)同刊修《辽史》。

铉上(shang)(shang)书(shu)曰:“亲民(min)(min)之官(guan),任情(qing)立威,所用决杖(zhang),分径长(zhang)短不(bu)如(ru)(ru)(ru)法式(shi),甚者(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)铁刃置(zhi)于杖(zhang)端,因而致死。间者(zhe)(zhe)阴阳愆戾,和气不(bu)通(tong),未必不(bu)由(you)此也。愿下州郡申明旧章(zhang),检(jian)量封记,按(an)察(cha)官(guan)其(qi)检(jian)察(cha)不(bu)如(ru)(ru)(ru)法者(zhe)(zhe),具以(yi)(yi)名闻。内庭(ting)敕断,亦(yi)依已定程式(shi)。”制(zhi)可(ke)。复上(shang)(shang)书(shu)论山(shan)(shan)东采茶事(shi),其(qi)大概(gai)以(yi)(yi)为“茶树(shu)随(sui)山(shan)(shan)皆(jie)有(you)(you),一切(qie)护(hu)逻,已夺(duo)民(min)(min)利,因而以(yi)(yi)拣茶树(shu)执诬(wu)小民(min)(min),吓取货赂,宜严(yan)禁止。仍(reng)令(ling)按(an)察(cha)司约束。”上(shang)(shang)从(cong)之。承安四年,迁(qian)礼部(bu)尚(shang)书(shu),谏议如(ru)(ru)(ru)故。是时有(you)(you)诏,凡奉敕商量照勘公(gong)事(shi)皆(jie)期日闻奏。铉言:“若(ruo)如(ru)(ru)(ru)此,恐官(guan)吏迫于限期,姑(gu)务苟简,反害(hai)事(shi)体。况簿书(shu)自有(you)(you)常程,御史台(tai)治(zhi)其(qi)稽缓,如(ru)(ru)(ru)事(shi)有(you)(you)应密,三月(yue)未绝(jue)者(zhe)(zhe),令(ling)具次第(di)以(yi)(yi)闻。下尚(shang)书(shu)省(sheng)议。如(ru)(ru)(ru)省(sheng)部(bu)可(ke)即定夺(duo)者(zhe)(zhe),须三月(yue)拟奏,如(ru)(ru)(ru)取会(hui)案牍卒难补勘者(zhe)(zhe),先具次第(di)奏知(zhi),更(geng)限一月(yue)结绝(jue),违者(zhe)(zhe)准稽缓制(zhi)书(shu)罪之。”

上议置相,欲用(yong)铉(xuan),宰臣荐(jian)孙即康。张万公曰(yue):“即康及第(di)在铉(xuan)前(qian)。”上曰(yue):“用(yong)相安问榜次?朕(zhen)意(yi)以(yi)为(wei)贾铉(xuan)才可(ke)用(yong)也。”然竟(jing)用(yong)即康焉。

泰和(he)二年(nian),兴陵崇妃薨,上(shang)欲成服苑中,行(xing)(xing)登门送(song)丧之礼(li)(li),以(yi)(yi)问铉(xuan),铉(xuan)对曰:“故宋尝行(xing)(xing)此(ci)礼(li)(li),古无是(shi)也。”遂已。改刑(xing)部尚书。泰和(he)三年(nian),拜参知政事(shi)。亳(bo)州医(yi)者孙(sun)士明辄用黄(huang)纸大书“敕赐神针先(xian)生(sheng)”等十(shi)二字,及于纸尾年(nian)月(yue)间(jian)摹(mo)作宝(bao)样硃(zhu)篆(zhuan)青龙二字,以(yi)(yi)诳惑市人。有司捕治款伏。值赦(she),大理(li)寺议宜准伪造(zao)御宝(bao),虽遇(yu)赦(she)不应原。已奏(zou)(zou)(zou)可矣。铉(xuan)奏(zou)(zou)(zou):“天子有八(ba)宝(bao),其文各(ge)异,若伪造(zao),不限用泥及黄(huang)蜡。今用笔描成青龙二字,既非八(ba)宝(bao)文,论以(yi)(yi)伪造(zao)御宝(bao),非本法意(yi)。”上(shang)悟,遂以(yi)(yi)赦(she)原。明日,上(shang)谓大臣曰:“已行(xing)(xing)之事(shi),贾铉(xuan)犹执奏(zou)(zou)(zou),甚可嘉也,群臣亦当如此(ci)矣。”

泰和(he)六年,御(yu)试(shi),铉为(wei)监试(shi)官(guan)。上(shang)曰:“丞相宗浩尝言试(shi)题颇易(yi),由是进士例(li)不读(du)书。朕今以《日合天统》为(wei)赋题。”铉曰:“题则佳矣,恐非所以牢笼天下(xia)士也(ye)(ye)。”上(shang)曰:“帝王以难题窘举人,固(gu)不可,欲使(shi)自今积致(zhi)(zhi)学(xue)业而已。”遂用之。久之,铉与审官(guan)院掌书大中漏(lou)言除授事。上(shang)谓铉曰:“卿罪自知之矣。然卿久参(can)机务(wu),补益弘(hong)多,不深罪也(ye)(ye)。”乃出为(wei)安(an)武军节(jie)度使(shi),改知济南府(fu)。致(zhi)(zhi)仕(shi)。贞祐(you)元年薨。

孙(sun)铎(duo),字振之(zhi),其先(xian)滕州人(ren),徙恩州历亭县。铎(duo)性敏好学,辽阳王遵古一见器(qi)之(zhi),期(qi)以公辅。登(deng)大定(ding)十三年进士第(di),调(diao)海州军事判(pan)官(guan)、卫(wei)县丞,补尚书(shu)省令史(shi)。章宗为右丞相,语人(ren)曰(yue):“治官(guan)事如孙(sun)铎(duo),必(bi)无错失。”初(chu)即位,问铎(duo)安在,有司奏为右都管(guan),使宋。及还,除同知登(deng)闻(wen)检院事。铎(duo)言:“凡上(shang)诉者皆(jie)因尚书(shu)省断(duan)不(bu)得(de)直(zhi),若上(shang)诉者复送省,则必(bi)不(bu)行矣,乞自宸衷断(duan)之(zhi)。”上(shang)以为然。诏登(deng)闻(wen)检院,凡上(shang)诉者,每朝日奏十事。诏刊定(ding)旧律(lv),铎(duo)先(xian)奏《名例(li)》一篇。

承安元年(nian),迁左谏议(yi)大夫(fu),改河东南路(lu)转运使,召(zhao)为中都路(lu)都转运使。初置讲议(yi)钱谷(gu)官十人,铎为选首。承安四(si)年(nian),迁户部(bu)尚书(shu)。铎因(yin)转对奏曰:“比年(nian)号令(ling),或已行(xing)而中辍,或既改而复(fu)行(xing),更张太烦,百姓不(bu)信。乞自(zi)今(jin)凡(fan)将下令(ling),再三讲究(jiu),如有(you)益于治则必行(xing),无恤(xu)小民之言(yan)。”国子司业(ye)纥石(shi)烈善(shan)才亦言(yan):“颁行(xing)法令(ling),丝纶既出,尤(you)当固(gu)守。”上然之。泰和二年(nian)闰十二月(yue),上召(zhao)铎、户部(bu)侍(shi)郎张复(fu)亨(heng)(heng)议(yi)交钞(chao)。复(fu)亨(heng)(heng)曰:“三合同钞(chao)可行(xing)。”铎请废不(bu)用,诘难久之,复(fu)亨(heng)(heng)议(yi)诎(qu)。上顾谓侍(shi)臣曰:“孙(sun)铎刚正人也,虽古魏徵何加(jia)焉!”

三年,御(yu)史(shi)中丞孙即康、刑部(bu)尚书(shu)贾铉(xuan)皆除参(can)知(zhi)政事,铎(duo)再任户部(bu)尚书(shu)。铎(duo)心少之,对贺客(ke)诵古人诗曰:“唯(wei)有庭前老柏树,春风来似不曾来。”御(yu)史(shi)大夫卞劾铎(duo)怨望,降(jiang)同(tong)知(zhi)河南府事。改(gai)彰(zhang)化军(jun)节度使(shi)(shi),复为中都转运使(shi)(shi)。泰(tai)和七年,拜参(can)知(zhi)政事。

蒲阴(yin)县令大(da)中(zhong)与左(zuo)司郎(lang)(lang)中(zhong)刘(liu)昂、通(tong)州刺史(shi)(shi)史(shi)(shi)肃、前(qian)临察御史(shi)(shi)王(wang)宇(yu)、吏部(bu)主事(shi)(shi)曹元、户部(bu)员(yuan)外郎(lang)(lang)李(li)著、监察御史(shi)(shi)刘(liu)国(guo)枢、尚书(shu)省都(dou)(dou)事(shi)(shi)曹温(wen)、雄州都(dou)(dou)军马(ma)(ma)师周(zhou),吏部(bu)员(yuan)外郎(lang)(lang)徒单永康(kang)、太(tai)仓使(shi)(shi)马(ma)(ma)良(liang)显、顺州刺史(shi)(shi)唐括直思(si)白(bai)坐私议(yi)朝政(zheng),下狱,尚书(shu)省奏(zou)(zou)其罪。铎(duo)进曰:“昂等非敢议(yi)朝政(zheng),但如郑(zheng)人(ren)游乡校耳。”上悟,乃薄其罪。铎(duo)上言(yan):“民间钞(chao)多,宜收(shou)敛。院务课(ke)程及诸窠名钱须要全收(shou)交钞(chao)。秋夏税本色外,尽令折钞(chao),不拘贯例,农民知之(zhi)(zhi),迤渐重钞(chao)。比来(lai)州县抑(yi)配行(xing)(xing)市买钞(chao),无(wu)(wu)益,徒扰之(zhi)(zhi)耳。乞罢诸处钞(chao)局,惟省库(ku)仍旧,小钞(chao)无(wu)(wu)限路分,可(ke)令通(tong)行(xing)(xing)。”上览奏(zou)(zou),即(ji)诏有(you)司曰:“可(ke)速行(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)。”大(da)安初,议(yi)诛黄(huang)门李(li)新喜。铎(duo)曰:“此先朝用之(zhi)(zhi)太(tai)过(guo)耳。”卫绍王(wang)不察,即(ji)曰:“卿今(jin)日(ri)始言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)何(he)耶?”既而复曰:“后(hou)当尽言(yan),勿以此介意。”顷之(zhi)(zhi),迁(qian)尚书(shu)左(zuo)丞,兼修国(guo)史(shi)(shi)。议(yi)钞(chao)法忤旨,犹以论李(li)新喜降浚州防(fang)御使(shi)(shi)。改安国(guo)军节度使(shi)(shi),徙绛(jiang)阳军。

宣宗即位(wei),召赴(fu)阙,以兵道阻。宣宗迁汴,铎上谒于宜(yi)村(cun),除太(tai)子太(tai)师。在疾,累遣使候问。贞祐三年,致仕。是岁薨。

孙(sun)(sun)即康(kang)(kang),字安伯(bo),其(qi)先(xian)沧(cang)州人。石晋之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)末,辽徙(xi)河北实(shi)燕(yan)、蓟,八代祖延(yan)应在徙(xi)中(zhong)(zhong),占籍析津,实(shi)大(da)(da)兴,仕至涿州刺史(shi)。延(yan)应玄孙(sun)(sun)克(ke)(ke)构,辽检校(xiao)太(tai)傅、启圣(sheng)军节度使。即康(kang)(kang),克(ke)(ke)构曾孙(sun)(sun),中(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)定十年(nian)进(jin)士第。章宗为(wei)(wei)(wei)右丞(cheng)(cheng)相(xiang),是(shi)时(shi),即康(kang)(kang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)尚书省(sheng)令史(shi),由是(shi)识(shi)其(qi)人。章宗即位,累迁(qian)户部员外郎,讲究盐法利(li)害(hai),语在《食货志》。除耀州刺史(shi),入为(wei)(wei)(wei)吏(li)部左司郎中(zhong)(zhong)。上(shang)(shang)谓(wei)宰(zai)(zai)臣(chen)曰:“孙(sun)(sun)即康(kang)(kang)向为(wei)(wei)(wei)省(sheng)掾,言(yan)语拙(zhuo)讷,今才力大(da)(da)进(jin),非向时(shi)比(bi)也(ye)。”宰(zai)(zai)臣(chen)因曰:“即康(kang)(kang)年(nian)已高,幸及早用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”上(shang)(shang)问:“年(nian)几何矣?”对(dui)曰:“五十六(liu)岁。”上(shang)(shang)复问:“其(qi)才何如(ru)张万公(gong)?”平章政事守贞对(dui)曰:“即康(kang)(kang)才过之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”上(shang)(shang)曰:“视万公(gong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)通耳。”由是(shi)迁(qian)御(yu)史(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)丞(cheng)(cheng)。

初,张汝(ru)弼(bi)(bi)妻高(gao)陀斡不(bu)(bu)道(dao),伏诛。汝(ru)弼(bi)(bi),镐王永中舅也(ye),上由是颇疑永中。永中府(fu)(fu)傅尉奏永中第四子(zi)(zi)阿离(li)合懑语(yu)涉不(bu)(bu)轨(gui),诏同签(qian)大睦亲府(fu)(fu)事袴与即(ji)康(kang)鞫之(zhi)(zhi)。第二子(zi)(zi)神土门尝撰词曲,颇轻肆,遂以语(yu)涉不(bu)(bu)逊就逮。家(jia)奴德(de)哥首永中尝与侍妾瑞云言:“我得天下,以尔为妃,子(zi)(zi)为大王。”袴、即(ji)康(kang)还(hai)奏,诏礼(li)部尚书(shu)张暐复讯。永中父(fu)子(zi)(zi)皆死,时(shi)论冤之(zhi)(zhi)。顷(qing)之(zhi)(zhi),迁(qian)泰(tai)宁军(jun)节度使,改知延安府(fu)(fu)事。

承安五年(nian)(nian),上(shang)问(wen)宰相:“今汉(han)官谁可(ke)(ke)用(yong)者(zhe)?”司空襄(xiang)举即(ji)(ji)康(kang)。上(shang)曰:“不轻薄否(fou)?”襄(xiang)曰:“可(ke)(ke)再用(yong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)中丞观之。”上(shang)乃(nai)复召即(ji)(ji)康(kang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)御(yu)史中丞。泰和三年(nian)(nian),除参(can)知政事。明年(nian)(nian),进尚(shang)书右丞。六(liu)年(nian)(nian),宋渝盟(meng)有端,大臣(chen)犹以为(wei)(wei)(wei)小盗窃发不足恤。即(ji)(ji)康(kang)与左丞仆散端、参(can)政独吉思忠以为(wei)(wei)(wei)必(bi)当用(yong)兵,上(shang)以为(wei)(wei)(wei)然(ran)。

上(shang)问即康、参知(zhi)政事贾铉曰(yue):“太(tai)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)庙(miao)(miao)讳(hui)(hui)(hui)同音(yin)字(zi)(zi),有(you)读作(zuo)‘成’字(zi)(zi)者,既非同音(yin),便(bian)不(bu)(bu)当缺(que)点画(hua)。睿宗(zong)(zong)(zong)庙(miao)(miao)讳(hui)(hui)(hui)改作(zuo)‘崇’字(zi)(zi),其下却(que)有(you)本字(zi)(zi)全体,不(bu)(bu)若将‘示’字(zi)(zi)依《兰亭贴》写作(zuo)‘未’字(zi)(zi)。显宗(zong)(zong)(zong)庙(miao)(miao)讳(hui)(hui)(hui)‘允’,‘充(chong)’字(zi)(zi)合缺(que)点画(hua),如(ru)‘统’傍(bang)之‘充(chong)’,似(si)不(bu)(bu)合缺(que)。”即康奏曰(yue):“唐太(tai)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)讳(hui)(hui)(hui)世民,偏傍(bang)犯如(ru)‘{艹枼(ye)}’字(zi)(zi)作(zuo)‘筼(yun)’字(zi)(zi),‘泯(min)’字(zi)(zi)作(zuo)‘泜(zhi)’字(zi)(zi)。”乃拟“熙(xi)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)庙(miao)(miao)讳(hui)(hui)(hui)从(cong)‘面’从(cong)‘且’。睿宗(zong)(zong)(zong)庙(miao)(miao)讳(hui)(hui)(hui)上(shang)字(zi)(zi)从(cong)‘未’,下字(zi)(zi)从(cong)‘筜’。世宗(zong)(zong)(zong)庙(miao)(miao)讳(hui)(hui)(hui)从(cong)‘系(xi)’。显宗(zong)(zong)(zong)庙(miao)(miao)讳(hui)(hui)(hui)如(ru)正犯字(zi)(zi)形(xing),止(zhi)书(shu)斜画(hua),‘沇’字(zi)(zi)‘鈗(yun)’字(zi)(zi)各(ge)从(cong)‘口’,‘兑’‘悦’之类(lei)各(ge)从(cong)本传。”从(cong)之,自此(ci)不(bu)(bu)胜曲避矣(yi)。进左丞(cheng)。宋(song)人请和(he),进官一阶(jie)。

旧(jiu)制,尚书省令史考(kao)满优调(diao),次任(ren)回降。崔(cui)建昌(chang)已优调(diao)兴平(ping)军节度副使(shi),未回降即(ji)除大(da)理司直。诏(zhao)知除郭(guo)邦杰、李蹊杖七十勒停,左司员外(wai)郎高庭玉决四(si)十解(jie)职(zhi),即(ji)康(kang)待罪,有诏(zhao)勿(wu)问。章宗崩,卫绍王即(ji)位,即(ji)康(kang)进(jin)拜平(ping)章政事,封崇国公。大(da)安三年,致仕(shi)。是岁,薨。遣使(shi)致祭。

李革(ge),字(zi)君美,河(he)(he)津人(ren)。父(fu)余庆,三至廷试,不遂,因弃去。革(ge)颖(ying)悟,读(du)书(shu)一再诵,辄记不忘。大(da)(da)定二十五年进士(shi)。调(diao)真定主簿(bu)。察廉(lian),迁韩城令。同知州(zhou)事(shi)(shi)纳富商赂,以岁课军(jun)须配(pei)属县(xian),革(ge)独不听,提(ti)刑司以为能。迁河(he)(he)北东路(lu)转(zhuan)运都(dou)勾判(pan)官(guan)(guan)、太原推官(guan)(guan)。丁母(mu)忧(you),起复,迁大(da)(da)兴(xing)县(xian)令、中都(dou)左警巡使、南(nan)(nan)京提(ti)刑判(pan)官(guan)(guan)、监(jian)察御史、同知昭义军(jun)节度事(shi)(shi)。丁父(fu)忧(you),起复,签南(nan)(nan)京按(an)察事(shi)(shi)。

泰和(he)六(liu)年,伐(fa)宋,尚(shang)书(shu)省(sheng)奏:“军兴(xing),随(sui)路(lu)官(guan)(guan),差(cha)占者(zhe)别注(zhu),阙者(zhe)选补,老不任职(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)替罢,及(ji)司、县各存留强(qiang)干正(zheng)官(guan)(guan)一员(yuan)。”革(ge)(ge)(ge)与签陕(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)高霖、签山东孟子元俱被诏,体访三路(lu)官(guan)(guan)员(yuan)能否,籍存留正(zheng)官(guan)(guan),行(xing)(xing)(xing)省(sheng)、行(xing)(xing)(xing)部(bu)、元帅府(fu)差(cha)占员(yuan)数及(ji)事故阙员(yuan),老不任职(zhi)(zhi),赴阙奏事。改(gai)刑部(bu)员(yuan)外郎,调观(guan)州刺史兼提举漕运(yun),陕(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)西(xi)路(lu)按察(cha)副使,大兴(xing)府(fu)治中。知(zhi)府(fu)徒单南平(ping)贵(gui)幸(xing)用事,势倾中外,遣所亲以(yi)进取诱革(ge)(ge)(ge),革(ge)(ge)(ge)拒之(zhi)。贞祐(you)二(er)年,迁户部(bu)侍郎。宣宗迁汴,行(xing)(xing)(xing)河北西(xi)路(lu)六(liu)部(bu)事,迁知(zhi)开封府(fu)事,河南劝农(nong)使,户部(bu)、吏部(bu)尚(shang)书(shu),陕(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)省(sheng)参议官(guan)(guan)。

四年,拜参(can)知(zhi)(zhi)政事。革奏:“有司各以情见引用断(duan)例(li),牵合附会,实启幸门。乞(qi)凡断(duan)例(li)敕条特旨奏断(duan)不为(wei)(wei)永格者,不许引用,皆以律为(wei)(wei)正。”诏从之。是岁(sui)(sui),大元兵(bing)破潼(tong)关,革自(zi)(zi)(zi)以执政失备御(yu)之策,上(shang)表请(qing)罪。不许,罢为(wei)(wei)绛阳军节度(du)使。兴定元年,胥鼎自(zi)(zi)(zi)平阳移(yi)镇陕西,革以知(zhi)(zhi)平阳府事,权(quan)参(can)知(zhi)(zhi)政事,代(dai)鼎为(wei)(wei)河东(dong)(dong)行(xing)省。是时兴兵(bing)伐(fa)宋,革上(shang)书曰:“今之计(ji)当休兵(bing)息(xi)民,养锐待敌(di)。宋虽(sui)造衅,止可(ke)自(zi)(zi)(zi)备。若不忍小忿以勤远略,恐或乘之,不能支也。”不纳。太原(yuan)兵(bing)后阙食,革移(yi)粟七万石以济之。二年,宣差粘割梭失至(zhi)河东(dong)(dong),于是晚禾(he)未熟(shu),牒行(xing)省耕毁清野(ye)。革奏:“今岁(sui)(sui)雨泽及时,秋成可(ke)待。如令耕毁,民将(jiang)不堪。”诏从革奏。十(shi)月,平阳被围,城中兵(bing)不满(man)六千,屡出(chu)战,旬日间伤(shang)者过半。征兵(bing)吉、隰、霍(huo)三州,不时至(zhi)。裨将(jiang)李怀(huai)德缒(zhui)城出(chu)降,兵(bing)自(zi)(zi)(zi)城东(dong)(dong)南入。左右请(qing)革上(shang)马突围出(chu),革叹曰:“吾不能保此城,何面目见天子!汝辈可(ke)去矣。”乃自(zi)(zi)(zi)杀。赠尚(shang)书右丞。

赞曰:《传》曰:“君子之言,其利博哉!”徒单镒拱挹一语而宣宗立,厥功懋矣。贾铉、孙铎皆旧臣,铉久致仕,铎忤旨卫王,皆不复见用。徒单镒亦外官,惟孙即康诡随,乃骤至宰相。古所谓斗筲之人,即康之谓矣。铎论李新喜,其言似汉耿育,有旨哉。贞祐执政李革,可谓君子,其进退之际,有古人为相之风焉。

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