爱上海

 华语网 > 文言专题 > 文言文经典名著 > 正文

魏书 列传第九十二 自序在线阅读

作者:佚名 文章来源:会员上传 请你点此纠错或发表评论
>

列(lie)传第九十二 自序

  汉初,魏无知封高良侯,子(zi)(zi)均,均子(zi)(zi)恢,恢子(zi)(zi)彦。彦子(zi)(zi)歆,字子(zi)(zi)胡,幼(you)孤有志操(cao),博洽经史,成帝世,位(wei)(wei)终钜鹿太守,仍(reng)家焉。歆子(zi)(zi)悦,字处德(de),性沉厚(hou)有度量(liang),宣城公(gong)赵国李孝伯(bo)见(jian)而重(zhong)之,以女(nv)妻焉。位(wei)(wei)济阴太守,以善政称。

悦子(zi)(zi)(zi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)建(jian),字敬(jing)忠。释褐(he)奉(feng)朝请,累迁太尉(wei)从事中(zhong)郎。初(chu),世宗时平(ping)氐(di),遂于武兴立镇,寻改为(wei)(wei)东益州。其(qi)(qi)后(hou)镇将、刺史(shi)乖失人和,群氐(di)作梗(geng),遂为(wei)(wei)边患(huan),乃除子(zi)(zi)(zi)建(jian)为(wei)(wei)东益州刺史(shi)。子(zi)(zi)(zi)建(jian)布以(yi)恩信,风化(hua)大行(xing),远(yuan)近清(qing)静。正光五年,南、北二秦城(cheng)人莫折念生、韩祖(zu)香、张长命相(xiang)继(ji)构逆,佥以(yi)州城(cheng)之人莫不劲勇,同类悉(xi)反,宜先(xian)收其(qi)(qi)器械。子(zi)(zi)(zi)建(jian)以(yi)为(wei)(wei)城(cheng)人数当(dang)行(xing)陈,尽皆(jie)骁果,安(an)之足以(yi)为(wei)(wei)用,急之腹背为(wei)(wei)忧,乃悉(xi)召居城(cheng)老壮晓示之;并上(shang)言诸诚人本非罪坐而(er)来者(zhe)(zhe)悉(xi)求听免(mian)。肃宗优诏(zhao)从之。子(zi)(zi)(zi)建(jian)渐分其(qi)(qi)父兄(xiong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)弟外居郡(jun)戍,内外相(xiang)顾,终获保全。及(ji)秦贼乘胜,屯营黑水,子(zi)(zi)(zi)建(jian)乃潜使(shi)掩袭,前后(hou)斩获甚众,威名赫然(ran),先(xian)反者(zhe)(zhe)及(ji)此悉(xi)降。乃间使(shi)上(shang)闻,肃宗甚嘉之,诏(zhao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)建(jian)兼尚书(shu)为(wei)(wei)行(xing)台(tai),刺史(shi)如故。于是(shi)威震蜀土,其(qi)(qi)梁、巴、二益、两秦之事,皆(jie)所节度。梁州刺史(shi)傅竖眼子(zi)(zi)(zi)敬(jing)和中(zhong)心以(yi)为(wei)(wei)愧,在洛大行(xing)货贿,以(yi)图(tu)行(xing)台(tai)。

先是,子(zi)(zi)(zi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)亦屡(lv)求归(gui)京师,至此,乃遣刺史唐(tang)永(yong)代焉,竖眼(yan)因为(wei)行台。子(zi)(zi)(zi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)将还(hai),群氐(di)(di)慕恋(lian),相率断道。主簿(bu)杨僧复先行晓喻,诸(zhu)氐(di)(di)忿曰:“我留刺史,尔(er)送出也!”斫之(zhi)数创,几死。子(zi)(zi)(zi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)徐加慰譬(pi),旬(xun)日方得前行,吏(li)人(ren)赠遗,一(yi)无所(suo)受。而(er)东益(yi)氐(di)(di)、蜀寻(xun)反,攻逼唐(tang)永(yong),永(yong)弃城而(er)走,乃丧一(yi)籓矣。初永(yong)之(zhi)走,子(zi)(zi)(zi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)客(ke)有沙门昙(tan)璨及(ji)(ji)钜鹿人(ren)耿显皆没落氐(di)(di)手,及(ji)(ji)知(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)之(zhi)客(ke),垂(chui)泣追衣物还(hai)之(zhi),送出白马(ma)。遗爱所(suo)被(bei)如此。自国家开华阳等郡,梁州邢峦、益(yi)州傅竖眼(yan)及(ji)(ji)子(zi)(zi)(zi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)为(wei)最。初,子(zi)(zi)(zi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)为(wei)前军将军,十年(nian)不徙,在洛(luo)闲暇,与吏(li)部尚(shang)书李韶、韶从弟(di)延实(shi)颇为(wei)弈(yi)棋,时人(ren)谓为(wei)耽好。子(zi)(zi)(zi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)每曰:“棋于机权廉勇之(zhi)际(ji),得之(zhi)深矣。且吾未为(wei)时用,博弈(yi)可也。”及(ji)(ji)一(yi)临(lin)边事,凡经五年(nian),未曾(ceng)对局。

还洛后,俄拜常侍、卫尉卿。初,元颢内(nei)逼,庄帝(di)北幸,子(zi)(zi)(zi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)谓所(suo)亲卢义僖(xi)曰(yue):“北海自绝(jue)社稷,称籓(fan)萧衍,吾老矣,岂能为陪臣?”遂携家口居洛南,颢平乃归。先苦(ku)风痺,及此遂甚,以(yi)卿任有(you)务,屡上书(shu)乞(qi)身,特除右光(guang)禄大(da)夫。邢杲(gao)之平,太傅李延实(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)侍中彧为大(da)使,抚(fu)慰东土,时(shi)外戚贵盛,送客填门,子(zi)(zi)(zi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)亦(yi)往(wang)候别。延实(shi)曰(yue):“小兒(er)今行,何以(yi)相勖?”子(zi)(zi)(zi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)曰(yue):“益以(yi)盈满为诫。”延实(shi)怅(chang)然(ran)久之。及庄帝(di)杀尔朱(zhu)荣,遇祸于河阴者其(qi)家率相吊贺。太尉李虔(qian)第二子(zi)(zi)(zi)仁曜,子(zi)(zi)(zi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)之女(nv)婿,往(wang)亦(yi)见害(hai)。子(zi)(zi)(zi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)谓姨(yi)弟(di)卢道虔(qian)曰(yue):“朝(chao)廷诛翦权强,凶徒尚梗,未闻有(you)奇(qi)谋异略,恐不可济。此乃李门祸始,吊贺无乃匆匆?”及永安之后,李氏宗族流离,或遇诛夷,如其(qi)所(suo)虑。后历左光(guang)禄大(da)夫,加(jia)散骑常侍、骠骑大(da)将军。

子(zi)(zi)建(jian)自出(chu)为(wei)籓牧(mu),董司山南,居(ju)脂膏之(zhi)中(zhong),遇天下(xia)多事(shi),正身(shen)洁己,不以(yi)财(cai)利经怀。及(ji)归京师,家人衣食常(chang)不周赡,清素之(zhi)迹,著于(yu)终始(shi)。性存(cun)重(zhong)慎,不杂(za)交游,唯与尚书卢义(yi)僖(xi)、姨弟泾州刺史(shi)卢道裕(yu)雅相亲昵。及(ji)疾(ji)笃,顾敕二(er)子(zi)(zi)曰:“死生大分,含气所同(tong),世有(you)厚葬(zang),吾(wu)平生不取,蘧蒢裸身(shen),又非吾(wu)意(yi)。气绝之(zhi)后(hou),敛以(yi)时服。吾(wu)生年契阔(kuo),前后(hou)三(san)娶,合葬(zang)之(zhi)事(shi),抑又非古。且汝二(er)母先在(zai)旧(jiu)茔(ying),坟地久固,已(yi)有(you)定(ding)别。唯汝次母墓在(zai)外耳,可迁入兆域,依班而定(ding),行于(yu)吾(wu)墓之(zhi)后(hou)。如此足(zu)矣,不须附合。当顺吾(wu)心(xin),勿(wu)令吾(wu)有(you)遗(yi)恨。”永熙二(er)年春,卒于(yu)洛(luo)阳(yang)孝(xiao)义(yi)里(li)舍,时年六(liu)十三(san),赠(zeng)仪(yi)同(tong)三(san)司、定(ding)州刺史(shi),谥(shi)曰文静。二(er)子(zi)(zi),收、祚。

收字(zi)伯起,小字(zi)佛助。年(nian)(nian)十(shi)五(wu),颇(po)已(yi)属文。及随父赴边。值(zhi)四方多难,好习骑射(she),欲以武艺(yi)自达。荥(ying)阳(yang)郑伯调之(zhi)曰:“魏(wei)郎弄戟多少?”收惭(can),遂折(zhe)节(jie)读书。夏月(yue)坐板(ban)床(chuang),随树阴讽诵,积年(nian)(nian),床(chuang)板(ban)为之(zhi)锐减(jian),而精力不辍。以文华显(xian)。初以父功(gong)除太学博士,及尔朱荣于河阴滥害(hai)朝士,收亦在(zai)围中,以日晏获免(mian)。

吏(li)部尚书(shu)(shu)李(li)神俊(jun)(jun)重收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)才学,奏授司(si)徒记室参军(jun)。永安三(san)(san)年(nian),除(chu)北主(zhu)(zhu)客(ke)郎(lang)中(zhong)。前(qian)(qian)废(fei)帝(di)立(li),妙简近侍(shi)(shi),诏(zhao)试(shi)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)为《封禅书(shu)(shu)》,收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)下笔便就(jiu),不(bu)(bu)(bu)立(li)草稿,文(wen)将(jiang)千言(yan),所改(gai)无(wu)几。时黄门郎(lang)贾思同侍(shi)(shi)立(li),深奇(qi)之(zhi)。帝(di)曰:“虽(sui)七步之(zhi)才,无(wu)以(yi)(yi)过此。”迁散骑(qi)侍(shi)(shi)郎(lang),寻敕典(dian)起(qi)居注,并修国史。俄兼中(zhong)书(shu)(shu)侍(shi)(shi)郎(lang),年(nian)二十六。出(chu)帝(di)初,又(you)(you)诏(zhao)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)摄本(ben)职,文(wen)诰填积,事咸称(cheng)旨。黄门郎(lang)崔(cui)忄(xin)夌从(cong)齐献武(wu)王入(ru)朝,熏灼于(yu)(yu)世(shi),收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)初不(bu)(bu)(bu)诣门。忄(xin)夌为帝(di)《登祚赦》,云(yun)“联托体孝文(wen)”,收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)嗤其(qi)率直。正(zheng)员郎(lang)李(li)慎以(yi)(yi)告之(zhi),忄(xin)夌深忿忌。时前(qian)(qian)废(fei)帝(di)殂(cu),令(ling)(ling)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)为诏(zhao),忄(xin)夌乃(nai)宣言(yan):收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)普泰世(shi)出(chu)入(ru)帏屋,一日(ri)造(zao)诏(zhao),优为词旨,然则义旗(qi)之(zhi)士(shi)(shi),尽为逆人;又(you)(you)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)父老(lao)(lao)合解(jie)官(guan)归侍(shi)(shi)。”南(nan)(nan)台(tai)将(jiang)加(jia)弹劾,赖尚书(shu)(shu)辛雄为言(yan)于(yu)(yu)中(zhong)尉(wei)綦俊(jun)(jun),乃(nai)解(jie)。收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)有贱(jian)生(sheng)弟仲同先未(wei)齿录,因此怖惧,上籍,遣还(hai)乡扶侍(shi)(shi)。出(chu)帝(di)尝大(da)发士(shi)(shi)卒(zu),狩于(yu)(yu)嵩少之(zhi)南(nan)(nan),旬有六日(ri),时既寒苦,朝野嗟怨(yuan)。帝(di)与(yu)从(cong)官(guan)皆胡服(fu)而(er)骑(qi),宫人及诸妃主(zhu)(zhu)杂其(qi)间(jian),奇(qi)伎异饰,多非礼(li)度。收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)欲言(yan)则畏惧,欲默不(bu)(bu)(bu)能已,乃(nai)上《南(nan)(nan)狩赋》以(yi)(yi)讽焉,年(nian)二十七,虽(sui)富言(yan)淫丽,而(er)终归雅正(zheng)。帝(di)手(shou)诏(zhao)报(bao)焉,甚见褒(bao)美。郑伯谓曰:“卿不(bu)(bu)(bu)遇(yu)老(lao)(lao)夫,犹(you)应逐免。”初,齐献武(wu)王固让天(tian)柱大(da)将(jiang)军(jun),帝(di)敕收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)为诏(zhao),令(ling)(ling)遂所请,欲加(jia)相国,问(wen)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)相国品秩(zhi),收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)以(yi)(yi)实对,帝(di)遂止。收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)既未(wei)测主(zhu)(zhu)相之(zhi)意,以(yi)(yi)前(qian)(qian)事不(bu)(bu)(bu)安,求解(jie),诏(zhao)许焉。久(jiu)之(zhi),除(chu)帝(di)兄子(zi)广(guang)平王赞开府从(cong)事中(zhong)郎(lang),收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)敢辞,乃(nai)为《庭竹赋》以(yi)(yi)致己意。寻兼中(zhong)书(shu)(shu)舍人,与(yu)济阴温子(zi)升、河间(jian)邢子(zi)才齐誉,世(shi)号三(san)(san)才。时出(chu)帝(di)猜忌献武(wu),内有间(jian)隙,收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)遂以(yi)(yi)疾固辞而(er)免。其(qi)舅崔(cui)孝芬(fen)怪而(er)问(wen)之(zhi),收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)曰:“惧有晋阳(yang)之(zhi)甲(jia)。”寻而(er)献武(wu)南(nan)(nan)上,帝(di)西入(ru)关。

收(shou)(shou)(shou)兼(jian)(jian)通直散骑(qi)(qi)常侍(shi)副王昕(xin)娉萧(xiao)衍,昕(xin)风流文(wen)辩,收(shou)(shou)(shou)辞藻(zao)富(fu)逸,衍及其群(qun)臣咸加敬异(yi)。先是(shi),南北初和(he),李谐、卢元(yuan)明首通使命,二人(ren)才器,并(bing)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)邻国(guo)所重。至此,衍称(cheng)曰(yue):“卢、李命世(shi),王、魏(wei)中兴,未知后来复何(he)如耳?”文(wen)襄启收(shou)(shou)(shou)兼(jian)(jian)散骑(qi)(qi)常侍(shi),修国(guo)史。武(wu)(wu)定二年(nian),除正(zheng)常侍(shi),领兼(jian)(jian)中书(shu)侍(shi)郎(lang),仍修史。帝宴(yan)百僚,问(wen)何(he)故(gu)名(ming)(ming)人(ren)日(ri)(ri),皆(jie)莫能知。收(shou)(shou)(shou)对曰(yue):“晋(jin)议郎(lang)董勋“答问(wen)”,称(cheng)俗云正(zheng)月(yue)一日(ri)(ri)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鸡,二日(ri)(ri)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)狗,三日(ri)(ri)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)猪(zhu),四日(ri)(ri)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)羊(yang),五日(ri)(ri)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)牛,六日(ri)(ri)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)马,七(qi)日(ri)(ri)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)。时邢邵亦在侧,甚恧焉。自(zi)南北和(he)好,书(shu)下(xia)纸每云“想彼境(jing)内(nei)宁静(jing),此率土安(an)和(he)”。萧(xiao)衍后使,其书(shu)乃去“彼”字,自(zi)称(cheng)犹著(zhu)“此”,欲求无外之意。收(shou)(shou)(shou)定报书(shu)云:“想境(jing)内(nei)清(qing)晏,今万国(guo)安(an)和(he)。”南人(ren)复书(shu),依(yi)以为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)体。后献武(wu)(wu)入(ru)朝(chao),静(jing)帝授相国(guo),固让,令收(shou)(shou)(shou)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)启。启成呈上,文(wen)襄时侍(shi)侧,献武(wu)(wu)指收(shou)(shou)(shou)曰(yue):“此人(ren)当复为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)崔光。”四年(nian),献武(wu)(wu)于西门豹(bao)祠宴(yan)集,谓司(si)马子如曰(yue):“魏(wei)收(shou)(shou)(shou)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)史官(guan),书(shu)吾善恶。闻北伐时,诸贵常饷(xiang)史官(guan)饮食,司(si)马仆射(she)颇曾饷(xiang)不(bu)(bu)?”因(yin)共大笑。仍谓收(shou)(shou)(shou)曰(yue):“卿(qing)勿见(jian)元(yuan)康(kang)等在吾目(mu)下(xia)趋走,谓吾以为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)勤劳,我后世(shi)身名(ming)(ming)在卿(qing)手(shou),勿谓我不(bu)(bu)知。”寻加兼(jian)(jian)著(zhu)作郎(lang)。

静帝曾季秋大(da)射(she),普令(ling)赋诗,收(shou)诗末云:“尺(chi)书(shu)(shu)征(zheng)建鄴(ye),折简召长(zhang)安。”文(wen)襄壮之(zhi),顾(gu)谓人曰:“在朝今(jin)有(you)(you)魏(wei)收(shou),便是国之(zhi)光采。雅俗文(wen)墨,通达纵横,我亦使(shi)(shi)子才、子升时(shi)有(you)(you)所作(zuo),至于词气并不及(ji)之(zhi)。吾或意有(you)(you)所怀(huai),忘而不语(yu),语(yu)而不尽,意有(you)(you)未(wei)及(ji)。及(ji)收(shou)呈草,皆以周悉(xi)。此亦难有(you)(you)。”又敕兼主客郎(lang),接萧衍使(shi)(shi)谢延(yan)徐陵。侯(hou)景既陷台城(cheng),衍鄱阳王范时(shi)为合州刺史,文(wen)襄敕收(shou)以书(shu)(shu)喻之(zhi)。范得书(shu)(shu),乃(nai)率部伍西上,口州刺史崔(cui)圣念(nian)入据其(qi)城(cheng)。文(wen)襄谓收(shou)曰:“今(jin)定一州,卿(qing)有(you)(you)其(qi)力,犹恨(hen)‘尺(chi)书(shu)(shu)征(zheng)建鄴(ye)’未(wei)郊耳。”

文襄崩(beng),文宣如晋(jin)阳,今与(yu)黄(huang)门郎崔(cui)季舒、高德正、吏(li)部郎中(zhong)尉瑾于北第参掌机密。转秘书监,兼著作(zuo)郎,又(you)除(chu)定(ding)州(zhou)大中(zhong)正。时齐将受禅(shan),杨愔(yin)奏收置(zhi)之别馆,令撰禅(shan)代诏册诸文,遣徐之才守门不听出(chu)。天保元年(nian),除(chu)中(zhong)书令,仍兼著作(zuo)郎,封富平县子(zi)。

二年,受诏撰魏史,除魏尹,故优以禄力,专在史阁,不知郡事。初,帝令群臣各言志,收曰:“臣愿得直笔东观,早出《魏书》。”故帝使收专其任。又诏平原王高隆之总监之,隆之署名而已,帝敕收曰:“好直笔,我终不作魏太武诛史官。”始魏初,邓渊撰《代记》十余卷,其后崔浩典史,游雅、高允、程骏、李彪、崔光、李琰之世修其业。浩为编年体,彪始分作纪表志传,书犹未出。世宗时,命邢峦追撰《高祖起居注》,书至太和十四年,又命崔鸿、王遵业补续焉。下讫肃宗,事甚委悉。济阴王晖业撰《辩宗室录》三十卷。收于是与通直常侍房延祐,司空司马辛元植,国子博士刁柔、裴昂之,尚书郎高孝干专总斟酌,以成《魏书》。辨定名称,随条甄举,又搜采亡遗,缀续后事,备一代史籍,表而上闻。勒成一代大典,凡十二纪、九十二列传,合一百一十卷,五年三月奏上之。秋,除梁州刺史,收以志未成,奏请终业,许之。十一月,复奏十志:《天象》四卷,《地形》三卷,《律历》二卷,《礼》、《乐》四卷,《食货》一卷,《刑罚》一卷,《灵征》二卷,《官氏》二卷,《释老》一卷,凡二十卷,续于纪传,合一百三十卷,分为十二帙。其史三十五例,二十五序,九十四论,前后二表一启焉。

【魏书目录】

更多有关魏书 二十四史 的资料
请你点此纠错或发表评论 文章录入:09ping    责任编辑:Gaoge 
随机推荐
�Ϻ�ҹ����,�Ϻ�������,�Ϻ�Ʒ����ͬ�ǰ�����,����������,�߶�����������Ϻ�,���Ϻ���԰��̳,���Ϻ�ͬ����̳�Ϻ���ǧ�����Ϻ�,�Ϻ���ǧ��Ʒ��,�Ϻ���ǧ��