列传第五十
夫肖形(xing)天地,人(ren)称(cheng)最灵,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)知父(fu)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)道(dao),识君(jun)(jun)臣(chen)(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)义(yi),异(yi)夫禽兽者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)。传(chuan)曰: “人(ren)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在三,事之(zhi)(zhi)如一。”然则(ze)君(jun)(jun)臣(chen)(chen)父(fu)子(zi),其(qi)(qi)道(dao)不(bu)殊(shu),父(fu)不(bu)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)父(fu),子(zi)不(bu)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)子(zi),君(jun)(jun)不(bu)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)君(jun)(jun),臣(chen)(chen)不(bu)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)臣(chen)(chen)。故(gu)曰君(jun)(jun)犹天也(ye),天可仇(chou)乎!是以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)罪(zui)(zui)归刑,见危授(shou)命(ming),竭(jie)忠(zhong)贞以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)立节,不(bu)临难而苟免。故(gu)闻其(qi)(qi)风者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),怀(huai)夫慷(kang)慨,千载之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),莫不(bu)愿以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为臣(chen)(chen)。此其(qi)(qi)所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)荣(rong)死哀,取贵(gui)前哲者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)矣。至于(yu)(yu)委质(zhi)策(ce)名(ming),代卿世(shi)禄,出(chu)受心膂之(zhi)(zhi)寄,人(ren)参帷(wei)幄(wo)之(zhi)(zhi)谋,身(shen)处机衡(heng),肆赵高之(zhi)(zhi)奸宄,世(shi)荷权宠,行王莽之(zhi)(zhi)桀(jie)逆,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)灵之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)仇(chou)疾,犬豕(shi)不(bu)食其(qi)(qi)余。虽荐社污宫(gong),彰必诛之(zhi)(zhi)衅,斫棺焚骨,明篡杀之(zhi)(zhi)咎,可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)惩夫既(ji)往,未足深(shen)诫将来。昔孔子(zi)修《春秋》,而乱臣(chen)(chen)贼子(zi)知惧,抑使之(zhi)(zhi)求名(ming)不(bu)得,欲盖而彰者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)。今故(gu)正其(qi)(qi)罪(zui)(zui)名(ming),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)冠(guan)于(yu)(yu)篇首,庶(shu)后(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)(jun)子(zi),见作者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)焉。
宇文化及(ji)弟智(zhi)及(ji) 司马德戡 裴(pei)虔通(tong)
宇文化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),左翊(yi)卫(wei)大将军述之(zhi)子(zi)也。性凶险,不循(xun)法度,好(hao)乘肥挟弹,驰骛道中,由是(shi)长(zhang)安谓之(zhi)轻薄公(gong)子(zi)。炀帝为(wei)太子(zi)时,常领千牛,出入(ru)卧内。累(lei)迁至太子(zi)仆。数(shu)以(yi)受纳货贿,再三(san)免官。太子(zi)嬖昵之(zhi),俄(e)而(er)复(fu)职(zhi)。又(you)以(yi)其弟士及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)尚南阳公(gong)主。化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)由此益骄,处公(gong)卿间,言辞(ci)不逊(xun),多所陵(ling)轹。见人子(zi)女狗(gou)马(ma)珍玩(wan),必(bi)请托求之(zhi)。常与(yu)屠贩者(zhe)游,以(yi)规(gui)其利。炀帝即位,拜太仆少卿,盖(gai)恃旧恩,贪冒尤甚。大业初,炀帝幸榆林(lin),化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)与(yu)弟智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)违禁(jin)与(yu)突(tu)厥(jue)交市。帝大怒,囚(qiu)之(zhi)数(shu)月,还至青(qing)门外,欲斩之(zhi)而(er)后入(ru)城,解衣辫发,以(yi)公(gong)主故,久之(zhi)乃释,并(bing)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)并(bing)赐述为(wei)奴。述薨后,炀帝追(zhui)忆之(zhi),遂起化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)为(wei)右屯卫(wei)将军,智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)为(wei)将作(zuo)少监。
是时(shi)李密据洛口,炀帝惧,留(liu)淮左(zuo),不(bu)(bu)敢(gan)还都(dou)。从驾骁(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果多关中(zhong)(zhong)人,久(jiu)客(ke)羁旅,见(jian)帝无(wu)西意,谋(mou)欲(yu)叛(pan)归。时(shi)武贲郎(lang)将(jiang)司马德(de)戡(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)总领(ling)骁(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果,屯于东(dong)城,风闻(wen)(wen)(wen)兵士欲(yu)叛(pan),未之(zhi)(zhi)审,遣校尉元武达阴问骁(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果,知其情(qing),因谋(mou)构(gou)逆。共(gong)(gong)所善武贲郎(lang)将(jiang)元礼、直阁裴虔(qian)(qian)通(tong)互相扇惑(huo)曰:“今闻(wen)(wen)(wen)陛下欲(yu)筑宫(gong)丹阳(yang),势(shi)不(bu)(bu)还矣。所部骁(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果莫不(bu)(bu)思归,人人耦语,并谋(mou)逃(tao)去(qu)。我(wo)欲(yu)言之(zhi)(zhi),陛下性忌,恶闻(wen)(wen)(wen)兵走(zou),即恐(kong)先事见(jian)诛。今知而(er)不(bu)(bu)言,其后(hou)事发,又当族灭我(wo)矣。进退(tui)为(wei)(wei)戮(lu),将(jiang)如之(zhi)(zhi)何?”虔(qian)(qian)通(tong)曰:“上实尔(er),诚(cheng)(cheng)为(wei)(wei)公忧之(zhi)(zhi)。”德(de)戡(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)谓两(liang)人曰:“我(wo)闻(wen)(wen)(wen)关中(zhong)(zhong)陷没,李孝常(chang)以(yi)华阴叛(pan),陛下收其二弟(di),将(jiang)尽(jin)杀之(zhi)(zhi)。吾等家属(shu)在西,安得无(wu)此虑也(ye)(ye)!”虔(qian)(qian)通(tong)曰:“我(wo)子(zi)(zi)弟(di)已(yi)壮(zhuang),诚(cheng)(cheng)不(bu)(bu)自保,正(zheng)恐(kong)旦(dan)暮(mu)及(ji)诛,计(ji)无(wu)所出。”德(de)戡(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)曰:“同相忧,当共(gong)(gong)为(wei)(wei)计(ji)取。骁(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果若(ruo)走(zou),可与俱去(qu)。” 虔(qian)(qian)通(tong)等曰:“诚(cheng)(cheng)如公言,求生之(zhi)(zhi)计(ji),无(wu)以(yi)易此。”因递(di)相招诱。又转告(gao)内史舍人元敏、鹰扬郎(lang)将(jiang)孟秉,符玺(xi)郎(lang)李覆、牛方裕、直长(zhang)许弘仁、薛(xue)良,城门郎(lang)唐(tang)奉义,医正(zheng)张恺等,日(ri)夜聚博,约为(wei)(wei)刎颈之(zhi)(zhi)交(jiao),情(qing)相款(kuan)昵,言无(wu)回避,于座中(zhong)(zhong)辄(zhe)论叛(pan)计(ji),并相然许。时(shi)李孝质在禁(jin),令骁(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果守之(zhi)(zhi),中(zhong)(zhong)外交(jiao)通(tong),所谋(mou)益急。赵行枢者(zhe),乐(le)人之(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi),家产巨(ju)万,先交(jiao)智(zhi)及(ji),勋侍杨士览者(zhe),宇文甥,二人同告(gao)智(zhi)及(ji)。智(zhi)及(ji)素狂(kuang)悖,闻(wen)(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)喜,即共(gong)(gong)见(jian)德(de)戡(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan),期以(yi)三月(yue)十五日(ri)举兵同叛(pan),劫(jie)十二卫武马,虏掠居人财物(wu),结党西归。智(zhi)及(ji)曰:“不(bu)(bu)然。当今天实丧隋(sui),英雄并起,同心叛(pan)者(zhe)已(yi)数万人,因行大事,此帝王(wang)业(ye)也(ye)(ye)。”德(de)戡(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)然之(zhi)(zhi)。行枢、薛(xue)良请以(yi)化及(ji)为(wei)(wei)主,相约既(ji)定,方告(gao)化及(ji)。化及(ji)性本驽怯,初(chu)闻(wen)(wen)(wen)大惧,色动(dong)流汗,久(jiu)之(zhi)(zhi)乃定。
义(yi)宁二(er)年(nian)三(san)月(yue)一日,德(de)(de)戡(kan)欲(yu)(yu)宣言(yan)告众(zhong),恐以(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)心未一,更思(si)谲诈以(yi)协骁果(guo),谓许弘(hong)(hong)仁、张恺(kai)曰(yue)(yue):“君(jun)是(shi)良医,国家任(ren)使,出言(yan)惑众(zhong),众(zhong)必(bi)(bi)信。君(jun)可入备身府,告识者,言(yan)陛下(xia)闻(wen)说骁果(guo)欲(yu)(yu)叛(pan),多(duo)酿毒酒,因享会尽(jin)鸩(zhen)杀(sha)(sha)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),独与(yu)南人(ren)(ren)(ren)留(liu)此。”弘(hong)(hong)仁等(deng)宣布此言(yan),骁果(guo)闻(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),递相告语,谋(mou)(mou)叛(pan)逾(yu)急。德(de)(de)戡(kan)知(zhi)(zhi)计既行,遂(sui)以(yi)十日总(zong)召故人(ren)(ren)(ren),谕(yu)以(yi)所为(wei)(wei)(wei)。众(zhong)皆(jie)伏曰(yue)(yue):“唯将军(jun)(jun)(jun)命!”其(qi)夜,奉(feng)义(yi)主(zhu)闭城门(men)(men),乃(nai)与(yu)虔(qian)通(tong)(tong)相知(zhi)(zhi),诸(zhu)门(men)(men)皆(jie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)下(xia)钥。至夜三(san)更,德(de)(de)戡(kan)于(yu)东(dong)城内(nei)集兵(bing),得数(shu)(shu)万人(ren)(ren)(ren),举火与(yu)城外(wai)相应(ying)。帝(di)(di)(di)(di)闻(wen)有(you)声,问是(shi)何(he)事。虔(qian)通(tong)(tong)伪(wei)曰(yue)(yue):“草坊被(bei)烧(shao),外(wai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)救火,故喧嚣(xiao)耳(er)。”中外(wai)隔绝,帝(di)(di)(di)(di)以(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)然(ran)。孟秉、智及(ji)(ji)(ji)于(yu)城外(wai)得千(qian)余人(ren)(ren)(ren),劫候卫(wei)武贲(bi)(bi)冯普乐,共布兵(bing)分捉郭下(xia)街巷(xiang)。至五更中,德(de)(de)戡(kan)授虔(qian)通(tong)(tong)兵(bing),以(yi)换诸(zhu)门(men)(men)卫(wei)士。虔(qian)通(tong)(tong)因自开门(men)(men),领数(shu)(shu)百骑(qi),至成象殿,杀(sha)(sha)将军(jun)(jun)(jun)独孤盛。武贲(bi)(bi)郎(lang)将元(yuan)礼遂(sui)引兵(bing)进,突卫(wei)者皆(jie)走。虔(qian)通(tong)(tong)进兵(bing),排左阁(ge),驰入永(yong)巷(xiang),问: “陛下(xia)安在?”有(you)美人(ren)(ren)(ren)出,方指云:“在西(xi)阁(ge)。”从往执(zhi)(zhi)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)。帝(di)(di)(di)(di)谓虔(qian)通(tong)(tong)曰(yue)(yue):“卿非我故人(ren)(ren)(ren)乎!何(he)恨而反(fan)?”虔(qian)通(tong)(tong)曰(yue)(yue):“臣不(bu)(bu)(bu)敢反(fan),但将士思(si)归(gui),奉(feng)陛下(xia)还(hai)京师耳(er)。” 帝(di)(di)(di)(di)曰(yue)(yue):“与(yu)汝归(gui)。”虔(qian)通(tong)(tong)因勒兵(bing)守(shou)(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。至旦(dan),孟秉以(yi)甲(jia)骑(qi)迎化(hua)(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)。化(hua)(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)未知(zhi)(zhi)事果(guo),战栗不(bu)(bu)(bu)能言(yan),人(ren)(ren)(ren)有(you)来谒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者,但低头据鞍(an),答云“罪(zui)过”。时(shi)士及(ji)(ji)(ji)在公(gong)主(zhu)第,弗之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)知(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)。智及(ji)(ji)(ji)遣家僮庄桃(tao)树就第杀(sha)(sha)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),桃(tao)树不(bu)(bu)(bu)忍,执(zhi)(zhi)诣智及(ji)(ji)(ji),久之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乃(nai)见释。化(hua)(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)至城门(men)(men),德(de)(de)戡(kan)迎谒,引入朝(chao)堂,号为(wei)(wei)(wei)丞相。令(ling)将帝(di)(di)(di)(di)出江都门(men)(men)以(yi)示群贼(zei),因复将入。遣令(ling)狐行达弑帝(di)(di)(di)(di)于(yu)宫中,又执(zhi)(zhi)朝(chao)臣不(bu)(bu)(bu)同己(ji)者数(shu)(shu)十人(ren)(ren)(ren)及(ji)(ji)(ji)诸(zhu)外(wai)戚,无少长害之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),唯留(liu)秦孝王子浩,立以(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)。十余日,夺(duo)江都人(ren)(ren)(ren)舟楫,从水路西(xi)归(gui)。至显福宫,宿公(gong)麦孟才、折冲郎(lang)将沈(shen)光等(deng)谋(mou)(mou)击化(hua)(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji),反(fan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)所害。化(hua)(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)于(yu)是(shi)入据六宫,其(qi)自奉(feng)养,一如炀(yang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)故事。每于(yu)帐(zhang)中南面端(duan)坐,人(ren)(ren)(ren)有(you)白(bai)事者,默然(ran)不(bu)(bu)(bu)对。下(xia)牙时(shi),方收取启状(zhuang),共奉(feng)义(yi)、方裕、良、恺(kai)等(deng)参(can)决之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。行至徐州,水路不(bu)(bu)(bu)通(tong)(tong),复夺(duo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)车牛(niu),得二(er)千(qian)两,并载(zai)宫人(ren)(ren)(ren)珍宝。其(qi)戈甲(jia)戎器(qi),悉令(ling)军(jun)(jun)(jun)士负之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。道远疲极,三(san)军(jun)(jun)(jun)始怨。德(de)(de)戡(kan)失(shi)望,窃谓行枢(shu)(shu)曰(yue)(yue): “君(jun)大谬(miu)误我。当(dang)今拨(bo)乱,必(bi)(bi)藉(jie)英(ying)贤,化(hua)(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)庸(yong)暗,君(jun)小在侧,事将必(bi)(bi)败(bai),当(dang)若(ruo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)何(he)?” 行枢(shu)(shu)曰(yue)(yue):“在我等(deng)尔,废之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)何(he)难(nan)!”因共李本(ben)、宇(yu)文(wen)导师、尹正卿等(deng)谋(mou)(mou),以(yi)后军(jun)(jun)(jun)万余兵(bing)袭杀(sha)(sha)化(hua)(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji),更立德(de)(de)戡(kan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)。弘(hong)(hong)仁知(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),密告化(hua)(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji),尽(jin)收捕(bu)德(de)(de)戡(kan)及(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)支党十余人(ren)(ren)(ren),皆(jie)杀(sha)(sha)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。引兵(bing)向东(dong)郡,通(tong)(tong)守(shou)(shou)王轨以(yi)城降(jiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
元(yuan)文(wen)都推越王(wang)侗(dong)为主(zhu),拜李密(mi)为太尉,令击化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。密(mi)遣(qian)徐(xu)勣据黎阳仓。化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)渡(du)河,保(bao)黎阳县(xian),分兵(bing)围勣。密(mi)壁清淇,与(yu)勣以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)烽火(huo)相(xiang)(xiang)应(ying)。化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)每攻仓,密(mi)辄引兵(bing)救之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)数战(zhan)不(bu)(bu)利,其(qi)(qi)将(jiang)(jiang)军于弘达为密(mi)所(suo)擒,送于侗(dong)所(suo),镬烹(peng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)粮尽,渡(du)永济渠,与(yu)密(mi)决战(zhan)于童(tong)(tong)山(shan),遂入(ru)汲郡(jun)求军粮,又遣(qian)使拷(kao)掠东郡(jun)吏民以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)责(ze)米粟。王(wang)轨(gui)怨(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)城(cheng)归于李密(mi)。化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)大惧,自(zi)汲郡(jun)将(jiang)(jiang)率(lv)众图以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)北诸州。其(qi)(qi)将(jiang)(jiang)陈(chen)(chen)智(zhi)(zhi)略率(lv)岭(ling)南骁果万(wan)余(yu)人,张童(tong)(tong)兒率(lv)江(jiang)东骁果数千(qian)人,皆(jie)(jie)叛归李密(mi)。化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)尚有众二(er)万(wan),北走魏县(xian)。张恺等(deng)与(yu)其(qi)(qi)将(jiang)(jiang)陈(chen)(chen)伯谋(mou)去之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),事觉,为化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)所(suo)杀。腹心稍尽,兵(bing)势日蹙,兄(xiong)弟更(geng)无他计,但(dan)相(xiang)(xiang)聚(ju)酣宴,奏女乐。醉后,因尤智(zhi)(zhi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)曰:“我(wo)初(chu)不(bu)(bu)知(zhi),由汝(ru)为计,强(qiang)来立我(wo)。今(jin)所(suo)向(xiang)无成,士马日散,负杀主(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名,天下(xia)所(suo)不(bu)(bu)纳。今(jin)者灭族,岂不(bu)(bu)由汝(ru)乎?”持其(qi)(qi)两子而泣。智(zhi)(zhi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)怒曰:“事捷(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日,都不(bu)(bu)赐尤,及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)将(jiang)(jiang)败(bai),乃(nai)(nai)欲归罪(zui)(zui)。何不(bu)(bu)杀我(wo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)降建(jian)德?”兄(xiong)弟数相(xiang)(xiang)斗阋,言无长幼,醒而复(fu)饮,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此为恆。其(qi)(qi)众多亡,自(zi)知(zhi)必败(bai),化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)叹(tan)曰:“人生故当死,岂不(bu)(bu)一日为帝乎?”于是鸩(zhen)杀浩,僭皇帝位于魏县(xian),国(guo)号许(xu)(xu),建(jian)元(yuan)为天寿,署置百官(guan)。攻元(yuan)宝藏(zang)于魏州,四旬(xun)不(bu)(bu)克,反为所(suo)败(bai),亡失千(qian)余(yu)人。乃(nai)(nai)东北趣(qu)聊城(cheng),将(jiang)(jiang)招携海曲诸贼(zei)。时遣(qian)士及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)徇济北,求馈饷。大唐遣(qian)淮安王(wang)神通安抚山(shan)东,并(bing)招化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)不(bu)(bu)从,神通进兵(bing)围之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),十(shi)余(yu)日不(bu)(bu)克而退。窦建(jian)德悉(xi)众攻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。先是,齐州贼(zei)帅王(wang)薄(bo)(bo)闻其(qi)(qi)多宝物,诈来投附(fu)。化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)信之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),与(yu)共居守。至是,薄(bo)(bo)引建(jian)德入(ru)城(cheng),生擒化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),悉(xi)虏(lu)其(qi)(qi)众。先执智(zhi)(zhi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、元(yuan)武达、孟秉、杨士览、许(xu)(xu)弘仁,皆(jie)(jie)斩(zhan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。乃(nai)(nai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)轞(xian)车载(zai)化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)河间,数以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)杀君之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罪(zui)(zui),并(bing)二(er)子承(cheng)基、承(cheng)趾皆(jie)(jie)斩(zhan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),传首(shou)于突厥义成公主(zhu),枭于虏(lu)庭。士及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)自(zi)济北西归长安。
智及(ji)幼顽凶,好与人(ren)群斗,所共游处,皆(jie)不逞(cheng)之(zhi)徒,相聚(ju)斗鸡,习放(fang)鹰狗。初以父(fu)功赐爵(jue)濮阳郡公。蒸(zheng)淫(yin)丑(chou)秽,无(wu)所不为(wei)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)妻长孙,妒(du)而告述(shu),述(shu)虽为(wei)隐,而大忿之(zhi),纤芥(jie)之(zhi)愆(qian),必加鞭箠。弟士及(ji)恃尚主,又(you)轻忽之(zhi)。唯化及(ji)每(mei)事(shi)(shi)营护,父(fu)再三欲杀(sha),辄救免之(zhi),由是(shi)颇相亲昵。遂劝化及(ji)遣人(ren)入蕃,私为(wei)交易。事(shi)(shi)发,当诛,述(shu)独证智及(ji)罪恶,而为(wei)化及(ji)请命。帝因(yin)两释。述(shu)将(jiang)(jiang)死,抗表言其(qi)(qi)(qi)凶勃,必且破(po)家。帝后思述(shu),授智及(ji)将(jiang)(jiang)作少(shao)监。其(qi)(qi)(qi)江(jiang)都杀(sha)逆(ni)之(zhi)事(shi)(shi),智及(ji)之(zhi)谋也(ye),化及(ji)为(wei)丞(cheng)相,以为(wei)左仆射,领十(shi)(shi)二卫(wei)大将(jiang)(jiang)军。化及(ji)僭(jian)号,封齐王。窦建德(de)破(po)聊城,获而斩之(zhi),并其(qi)(qi)(qi)党十(shi)(shi)余(yu)人(ren),皆(jie)暴尸枭首。
司马(ma)德(de)戡(kan)(kan)(kan),扶(fu)风雍人(ren)(ren)也。父元谦,仕周为(wei)都(dou)督。德(de)戡(kan)(kan)(kan)幼孤,以(yi)(yi)屠豕自给。有(you)桑门释粲,通德(de)戡(kan)(kan)(kan)母和(he)氏,遂抚教(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi),因解书(shu)(shu)计(ji)。开(kai)皇中(zhong),为(wei)侍官,渐迁至大(da)(da)都(dou)督。从(cong)杨素出(chu)讨汉王谅,充内营(ying)左(zuo)右,进止便僻,俊(jun)辩多奸计(ji),素大(da)(da)善(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)。以(yi)(yi)勋授仪同(tong)三(san)司。大(da)(da)业三(san)年,为(wei)鹰扬郎将。从(cong)讨辽左(zuo),进位正议大(da)(da)夫,迁武贲郎将。炀(yang)帝甚昵之(zhi)(zhi)。从(cong)至江都(dou),领(ling)左(zuo)右备(bei)身骁(xiao)果万人(ren)(ren),营(ying)于(yu)(yu)(yu)城(cheng)内。因隋末大(da)(da)乱(luan),乃率骁(xiao)果谋反,语在化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)事中(zhong)。既获(huo)炀(yang)帝,与其党(dang)孟秉(bing)等(deng)推化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)为(wei)丞相(xiang)。化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)首封(feng)德(de)戡(kan)(kan)(kan)为(wei)温国公,邑三(san)千户,加光禄大(da)(da)夫,仍(reng)统本兵(bing),化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)意甚忌(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)。后(hou)数日,化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)署(shu)诸将,分(fen)配士卒,乃以(yi)(yi)德(de)戡(kan)(kan)(kan)为(wei)礼部尚(shang)书(shu)(shu),外(wai)示美迁,实(shi)夺(duo)其兵(bing)也。由(you)是(shi)愤怨(yuan),所获(huo)赏物(wu)皆赂于(yu)(yu)(yu)智(zhi)及(ji)(ji)(ji),智(zhi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)言。行至徐州,舍舟登陆(lu),令德(de)戡(kan)(kan)(kan)将后(hou)军,乃与赵(zhao)行枢、李本、尹正卿、宇文导师(shi)等(deng)谋袭化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji),遣(qian)人(ren)(ren)使于(yu)(yu)(yu)孟海公,结为(wei)外(wai)助。迁延未发,以(yi)(yi)待使报。许弘仁(ren)、张恺(kai)知之(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)告化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji),因遣(qian)其弟士及(ji)(ji)(ji)阳为(wei)游猎,至于(yu)(yu)(yu)后(hou)军。德(de)戡(kan)(kan)(kan)不(bu)知事露,出(chu)营(ying)参谒,因命执之(zhi)(zhi),并其党(dang)与。化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)责(ze)之(zhi)(zhi)曰:“与公戮力共(gong)定海内,出(chu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)万死。今(jin)始事成(cheng),愿得同(tong)守富贵,公又(you)何为(wei)反也?”德(de)戡(kan)(kan)(kan)曰:“本杀昏主,苦其毒害。推立足下(xia),而又(you)甚之(zhi)(zhi)。逼于(yu)(yu)(yu)物(wu)情,不(bu)获(huo)已也。”化(hua)及(ji)(ji)(ji)不(bu)对,命送至幕下(xia),缢而杀之(zhi)(zhi),时年三(san)十九。
裴虔(qian)通,河东人也(ye)。初,炀帝为(wei)晋(jin)王,以亲信从,稍迁至(zhi)(zhi)监(jian)门(men)校尉。炀帝即位,擢(zhuo)旧左右,授宣惠(hui)尉,迁监(jian)门(men)直阁(ge)。累从征役(yi),至(zhi)(zhi)通议大夫。与司马德戡(kan)同谋作乱,先开宫门(men),骑至(zhi)(zhi)成象殿,杀将军独孤盛,擒帝于西(xi)阁(ge)。化及(ji)以虔(qian)通为(wei)光禄大夫、莒国(guo)公(gong)。化及(ji)引兵之北也(ye),令镇徐州。化及(ji)败后,归于大唐,即授徐州总管(guan),转辰州刺史,封长蛇男。寻以隋朝(chao)杀逆(ni)之罪,除名,徙于岭(ling)表(biao)而死。
王世充 段达
王(wang)充,字(zi)行满,本西(xi)域(yu)人也(ye)(ye)。祖支颓(tui)辱,徙居新(xin)丰(feng)。颓(tui)辱死,其(qi)妻少寡,与仪同王(wang)粲野合(he),生子曰(yue)琼,粲遂纳之以为(wei)小妻。其(qi)父收(shou)幼孤,随母嫁粲,粲爱而养之,因姓王(wang)氏,官至(zhi)(zhi)怀、汴二(er)州长(zhang)史。充卷发豺声(sheng),沉猜(cai)多(duo)诡诈,颇窥书传,尤好兵法(fa),晓龟策推步(bu)盈虚,然未尝为(wei)人言也(ye)(ye)。开皇中,为(wei)左翊(yi)卫,后以军功(gong)拜仪同,授(shou)兵部员(yuan)外。善敷奏(zou),明(ming)习法(fa)律(lv),而舞弄文墨,高下其(qi)心。或有(you)驳难之者,充利(li)口饰(shi)非,辞(ci)义锋起(qi),众虽知其(qi)不可(ke)而莫能(neng)屈,称(cheng)为(wei)明(ming)辩。炀帝(di)时,累迁至(zhi)(zhi)江(jiang)(jiang)都郡丞(cheng)。时帝(di)数幸江(jiang)(jiang)都,充善候人主颜色,阿谀顺旨(zhi),每(mei)入言事,帝(di)善之。又以郡丞(cheng)领(ling)江(jiang)(jiang)都宫监,乃雕饰(shi)池台,阴奏(zou)远方珍物以媚于帝(di),由是益昵之。
大业八年,隋(sui)始(shi)乱(luan),充(chong)内怀徼幸(xing),卑身礼士(shi),阴结豪俊,多(duo)收众心。江(jiang)淮间人(ren)(ren)素轻悍,又属(shu)盗贼(zei)群起(qi),人(ren)(ren)多(duo)犯法(fa),有(you)系(xi)狱抵罪者,充(chong)皆枉法(fa)出之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)树私恩。及(ji)杨玄感反,吴人(ren)(ren)硃燮、晋陵人(ren)(ren)管(guan)崇起(qi)兵(bing)(bing)江(jiang)南(nan)以(yi)应之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),自(zi)称将军(jun),拥众十(shi)余(yu)万。帝(di)遣将军(jun)吐万绪(xu)、鱼俱罗讨之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),不(bu)能克。充(chong)募江(jiang)都(dou)(dou)万余(yu)人(ren)(ren),击(ji)频破之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。每(mei)有(you)克捷,必归(gui)功于(yu)下,所(suo)获军(jun)实(shi),皆推(tui)与士(shi)卒,身无所(suo)受。由此人(ren)(ren)争(zheng)为(wei)用,功最居多(duo)。十(shi)年,齐郡贼(zei)帅孟让(rang)(rang)自(zi)长白(bai)山寇掠(lve)诸郡,至盱眙,有(you)众十(shi)余(yu)万。充(chong)以(yi)兵(bing)(bing)拒(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),而羸师(shi)示(shi)弱,保都(dou)(dou)梁山为(wei)五栅(zha),相持(chi)不(bu)战。后因其懈(xie)弛,出兵(bing)(bing)奋(fen)击(ji),大破之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),乘胜尽(jin)灭贼(zei),让(rang)(rang)以(yi)数十(shi)骑遁去,斩首万人(ren)(ren),六畜、军(jun)资(zi)莫不(bu)尽(jin)获。帝(di)以(yi)充(chong)有(you)将帅才(cai)略,始(shi)遣领兵(bing)(bing),讨诸小(xiao)盗,所(suo)向皆破之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。然性(xing)矫伪,诈为(wei)善,能自(zi)勤苦,以(yi)求声(sheng)誉。十(shi)一年,突厥围帝(di)于(yu)雁门,充(chong)尽(jin)发江(jiang)都(dou)(dou)人(ren)(ren),将往赴难(nan)。在军(jun)中,反首垢面,悲泣无度,晓夜不(bu)解甲,藉草而卧。帝(di)闻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)为(wei)爱己,益信任(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
十二年(nian),迁为(wei)江都(dou)通守。时(shi)厌次人(ren)格谦为(wei)盗数(shu)年(nian),兵十余万,在豆子中。充(chong)帅师破(po)斩之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),威振群贼(zei)。又(you)击卢明月,破(po)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于南阳,斩首数(shu)万,虏获极多。后(hou)(hou)还(hai)江都(dou),帝(di)大悦,自执杯酒以(yi)赐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。时(shi)充(chong)又(you)知帝(di)好(hao)内,乃言江淮(huai)良家有(you)美(mei)女,并(bing)愿备后(hou)(hou)庭,无由自进。帝(di)逾喜(xi),因密令(ling)(ling)阅视诸女,姿质端丽合(he)法(fa)相者,取(qu)正库及应(ying)入京物以(yi)娉纳之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。所用不(bu)可(ke)胜计(ji),帐上云敕(chi)别用,不(bu)显其实。有(you)合(he)意者,则厚赏充(chong);或不(bu)中者,又(you)以(yi)赉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。后(hou)(hou)令(ling)(ling)以(yi)船送东京,而道路贼(zei)起,使(shi)者苦役,于淮(huai)泗(si)中沉船溺(ni)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者,前后(hou)(hou)十数(shu)。或有(you)发(fa)露,充(chong)为(wei)秘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),又(you)遽简阅以(yi)供(gong)进。是后(hou)(hou)益见亲昵。
遇李密攻陷(xian)兴(xing)洛仓,进逼东都(dou),官(guan)军(jun)数(shu)(shu)(shu)却,光禄(lu)大(da)夫裴仁基以(yi)武牢降于(yu)密,帝恶之,大(da)发兵(bing),将讨焉。发中(zhong)诏遣(qian)充(chong)为(wei)将军(jun),于(yu)洛口以(yi)拒(ju)密,前后百(bai)余战,互有(you)胜负。充(chong)乃引(yin)军(jun)渡洛水,逼仓城。李密与战,充(chong)败绩,赴水溺(ni)死者(zhe)万(wan)余人。时天寒大(da)雪(xue),兵(bing)士既(ji)渡水,衣皆沾湿,在道冻死者(zhe)又数(shu)(shu)(shu)万(wan)人,比至(zhi)河阳(yang),才以(yi)千数(shu)(shu)(shu)。充(chong)自(zi)系狱请(qing)罪,越(yue)王侗遣(qian)使赦之,召令(ling)还都(dou)。收合亡(wang)散,复得(de)万(wan)余人,屯于(yu)含嘉城中(zhong),不(bu)敢复出(chu)。
宇(yu)文(wen)化(hua)及(ji)杀(sha)(sha)帝于(yu)江(jiang)都(dou),充(chong)与太府卿元(yuan)文(wen)都(dou)、将(jiang)(jiang)军皇(huang)甫无逸、右(you)司郎卢(lu)楚(chu)(chu)奉(feng)侗(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)主。侗(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)充(chong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)吏部尚(shang)(shang)书(shu),封郑国公。及(ji)侗(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)取元(yuan)文(wen)都(dou)、卢(lu)楚(chu)(chu)之(zhi)谋(mou),拜(bai)李(li)密(mi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)太尉、尚(shang)(shang)书(shu)令(ling)(ling),密(mi)遂称臣,复以(yi)(yi)(yi)兵(bing)拒化(hua)及(ji)于(yu)黎阳,遣使(shi)告捷。众皆悦,充(chong)独谓其(qi)麾下诸(zhu)将(jiang)(jiang)曰(yue)(yue): “文(wen)都(dou)之(zhi)辈,刀(dao)笔(bi)吏耳。吾观其(qi)势,必为(wei)(wei)(wei)李(li)密(mi)所擒。且吾军人(ren)每(mei)与密(mi)战(zhan),杀(sha)(sha)其(qi)父兄子弟,前(qian)后已多,一旦为(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)下,吾属无类(lei)矣。”出(chu)此(ci)言以(yi)(yi)(yi)激怒其(qi)众。文(wen)都(dou)知(zhi)(zhi)而(er)大惧,与楚(chu)(chu)等(deng)谋(mou),将(jiang)(jiang)因充(chong)入内,伏甲而(er)杀(sha)(sha)之(zhi)。期(qi)有日矣,将(jiang)(jiang)军段达遣其(qi)女(nv)婿张志以(yi)(yi)(yi)楚(chu)(chu)谋(mou)告之(zhi)。充(chong)夜勒兵(bing)围宫城(cheng),将(jiang)(jiang)军费(fei)曜、田世阇(du)等(deng)与战(zhan)于(yu)东太阳门(men)(men)外。曜军败,充(chong)遂攻门(men)(men)而(er)入,无逸以(yi)(yi)(yi)单骑(qi)遁走。获(huo)楚(chu)(chu),杀(sha)(sha)之(zhi)。时宫门(men)(men)尚(shang)(shang)闭,充(chong)令(ling)(ling)扣门(men)(men)言于(yu)侗(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)曰(yue)(yue):“元(yuan)文(wen)都(dou)等(deng)欲执皇(huang)帝降于(yu)李(li)密(mi),段达知(zhi)(zhi)而(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)告臣。臣非敢(gan)谋(mou)反,诛反者耳。”文(wen)都(dou)闻变入,奉(feng)侗(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)于(yu)乾阳殿(dian),陈兵(bing)卫之(zhi)。令(ling)(ling)将(jiang)(jiang)帅乘城(cheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)拒难,兵(bing)败,又获(huo)文(wen)都(dou)杀(sha)(sha)之(zhi)。侗(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)命(ming)开门(men)(men)以(yi)(yi)(yi)纳充(chong),充(chong)悉(xi)遣人(ren)代(dai)宿卫者,乃入谒(ye),顿首流涕而(er)言曰(yue)(yue):“文(wen)都(dou)等(deng)无状,谋(mou)相屠害,事(shi)急为(wei)(wei)(wei)此(ci),不敢(gan)背国。”侗(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)与之(zhi)盟。充(chong)寻遣韦节等(deng)讽侗(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),令(ling)(ling)拜(bai)为(wei)(wei)(wei)尚(shang)(shang)书(shu)左(zuo)仆(pu)射(she)、总督内外诸(zhu)军事(shi)。又授其(qi)兄恽(yun)为(wei)(wei)(wei)内史令(ling)(ling),入居禁中。
未几(ji),李(li)密(mi)(mi)(mi)破化及还(hai),其(qi)(qi)劲兵(bing)良(liang)马(ma)(ma)(ma)多(duo)战死,士卒皆(jie)(jie)倦。充(chong)(chong)(chong)欲乘其(qi)(qi)敝而击之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),恐(kong)人不(bu)(bu)一(yi),乃假托(tuo)鬼神(shen),言(yan)梦见周公,乃立祠于洛水(shui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang),遣(qian)巫(wu)宣(xuan)言(yan)周公欲令(ling)仆射急讨(tao)李(li)密(mi)(mi)(mi),当有大功(gong),不(bu)(bu)则(ze)兵(bing)皆(jie)(jie)疫死。充(chong)(chong)(chong)兵(bing)多(duo)楚人,俗信妖妄(wang),故出此言(yan)以(yi)(yi)惑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。众皆(jie)(jie)请战。充(chong)(chong)(chong)简(jian)练精勇(yong),得二万余人,马(ma)(ma)(ma)千(qian)余,迁营(ying)于洛水(shui)南。密(mi)(mi)(mi)军(jun)偃师北山上(shang)(shang)。时(shi)密(mi)(mi)(mi)新(xin)得志于化及,有轻充(chong)(chong)(chong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心,不(bu)(bu)设壁垒。充(chong)(chong)(chong)夜(ye)遣(qian)二百余骑潜入(ru)北山,伏溪(xi)谷(gu)(gu)中(zhong),令(ling)军(jun)秣马(ma)(ma)(ma)蓐食。既而宵济,人奔马(ma)(ma)(ma)驰(chi),迟明(ming)而薄(bo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)。密(mi)(mi)(mi)出兵(bing)应(ying)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),阵未成(cheng)列而两军(jun)合战,其(qi)(qi)伏兵(bing)蔽(bi)山而上(shang)(shang),潜登北原(yuan),乘高(gao)(gao)下驰(chi),压密(mi)(mi)(mi)营(ying)。营(ying)中(zhong)乱(luan),无(wu)能拒者,即(ji)入(ru)纵火。密(mi)(mi)(mi)军(jun)大惊而溃,降其(qi)(qi)将(jiang)张(zhang)童(tong)兒、陈智(zhi)略(lve),进下偃师。初,充(chong)(chong)(chong)兄伟及子(zi)(zi)玄(xuan)应(ying)随化及至(zhi)东(dong)郡,密(mi)(mi)(mi)得而囚(qiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于城中(zhong),至(zhi)是,尽获之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。又执密(mi)(mi)(mi)长(zhang)史邴元真(zhen)妻子(zi)(zi)、司马(ma)(ma)(ma)郑虔象之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)母及诸将(jiang)子(zi)(zi)弟(di),皆(jie)(jie)抚慰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),各令(ling)潜呼其(qi)(qi)父兄。兵(bing)次洛口,邴元真(zhen)、郑虔象等举仓(cang)城以(yi)(yi)应(ying)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。密(mi)(mi)(mi)以(yi)(yi)数十骑遁逸(yi),充(chong)(chong)(chong)悉(xi)收其(qi)(qi)众。而东(dong)尽于海,南至(zhi)于江,悉(xi)来归附。充(chong)(chong)(chong)又令(ling)韦节讽侗,拜为太(tai)尉,署置官(guan)属,以(yi)(yi)尚书省为其(qi)(qi)府。寻自称郑王。遣(qian)其(qi)(qi)将(jiang)高(gao)(gao)略(lve)帅师攻(gong)寿安,不(bu)(bu)利而旋。又帅师攻(gong)围谷(gu)(gu)州(zhou),三日而退(tui)。明(ming)年,自称相国,受(shou)九(jiu)锡备物,是后不(bu)(bu)朝侗矣。
有道士桓法(fa)(fa)(fa)嗣者(zhe),自言解(jie)图谶,充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)昵之(zhi)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)嗣乃以《孔子(zi)闭房记》,画作丈夫(fu)持一(yi)干以驱(qu)羊。法(fa)(fa)(fa)嗣云:“杨,隋姓(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。干一(yi)者(zhe),王字也(ye)(ye)(ye)。居羊后,明(ming)相国代隋为帝也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”又(you)取庄(zhuang)子(zi)《人(ren)(ren)(ren)间世》、《德(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)符(fu)》二篇上之(zhi),法(fa)(fa)(fa)嗣释曰(yue):“上篇言世,下篇言充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong),此即相国名矣。明(ming)当(dang)德(de)被人(ren)(ren)(ren)间,而应符(fu)命为天子(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)大悦曰(yue):“此天命也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”再拜(bai)受之(zhi)。即以法(fa)(fa)(fa)嗣为谏议大夫(fu)。充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)又(you)罗取杂鸟,书帛系其颈,自言符(fu)命而散放之(zhi)。或有弹射得鸟而来献者(zhe),亦(yi)拜(bai)官(guan)爵。既(ji)而废侗于(yu)(yu)(yu)别宫,僭即皇帝位,建元曰(yue)开(kai)明(ming),国号郑。大唐(tang)遣秦王率(lv)众围(wei)之(zhi),充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)频出兵,战辄不(bu)利,都(dou)外(wai)诸城(cheng)相继降(jiang)款。充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)窘迫,遣使(shi)请救(jiu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)窦建德(de),建德(de)率(lv)精兵援之(zhi)。师至(zhi)武牢,为秦王所(suo)破,擒建德(de)以诣城(cheng)下。充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)将溃围(wei)而出,诸将莫(mo)有应之(zhi)者(zhe),自知潜(qian)窜无(wu)所(suo),于(yu)(yu)(yu)是出降(jiang)。至(zhi)长安,为仇人(ren)(ren)(ren)独(du)孤修德(de)所(suo)杀。
段达(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da),武(wu)(wu)威姑(gu)臧人也。父严(yan),周朔州刺史。达(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)在周,年始三(san)岁,袭爵襄垣县(xian)公(gong)(gong)。及(ji)长,身长八(ba)尺(chi),美须髯(ran),便弓马。高祖为(wei)(wei)丞(cheng)相,以(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)都(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)督领亲信兵(bing),常置左右。及(ji)践阼,为(wei)(wei)左直斋(zhai),累迁(qian)车骑将(jiang)(jiang)军,兼(jian)晋王参军。高智惠、李积等(deng)(deng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作乱也,达(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)率(lv)众一万,击(ji)定方、滁二州,赐(ci)(ci)缣千段,迁(qian)进(jin)仪同。又破汪文进(jin)等(deng)(deng)于(yu)宣州,加开府(fu)(fu),赐(ci)(ci)奴婢五(wu)十口,绵绢四(si)千段。仁寿初(chu),太子左卫副(fu)率(lv)。大(da)(da)业初(chu),以(yi)(yi)(yi)蕃邸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旧,拜左翊(yi)卫将(jiang)(jiang)军。征吐谷浑,进(jin)位金(jin)紫光禄大(da)(da)夫(fu)。帝征辽东(dong)(dong)(dong),百姓苦役,平(ping)原祁孝(xiao)德(de)(de)、清河张金(jin)称(cheng)等(deng)(deng)并(bing)聚众为(wei)(wei)群盗,攻陷城(cheng)邑,郡县(xian)不(bu)能(neng)御。帝令达(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)击(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),数(shu)为(wei)(wei)金(jin)称(cheng)等(deng)(deng)所挫,亡失甚多。诸(zhu)贼轻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),号为(wei)(wei)段姥。后用(yong)鄃令杨善会之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)计,更与贼战(zhan),方致(zhi)克捷(jie)。还京师,以(yi)(yi)(yi)公(gong)(gong)事(shi)(shi)坐免。明年,帝征辽东(dong)(dong)(dong),以(yi)(yi)(yi)达(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)留守涿郡。俄复(fu)拜左翊(yi)卫将(jiang)(jiang)军。高阳魏刀兒(er)聚众十余万,自号历山飞(fei),寇掠(lve)(lve)燕赵。达(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)率(lv)涿郡通守郭绚击(ji)败之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。于(yu)时盗贼既(ji)多,官军恶战(zhan),达(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)不(bu)能(neng)因机决(jue)胜,唯持重自守,顿兵(bing)馈(kui)粮,多无克获,时皆谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)怯芃。十二年,帝幸江(jiang)都(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)宫,诏达(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)与太府(fu)(fu)卿(qing)元(yuan)文都(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)留守东(dong)(dong)(dong)都(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)。李密据洛口,纵兵(bing)侵掠(lve)(lve)城(cheng)下,达(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)与监门郎将(jiang)(jiang)庞玉、武(wu)(wu)牙郎将(jiang)(jiang)霍举率(lv)内兵(bing)出御之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。颇(po)有(you)功,迁(qian)左骁卫大(da)(da)将(jiang)(jiang)军。王充(chong)(chong)(chong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)败也,密复(fu)进(jin)据北(bei)芒,来至上春门,达(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)与判左丞(cheng)郭文懿、尚书韦津出兵(bing)拒(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。达(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)见贼盗,不(bu)阵而走,为(wei)(wei)密所乘,军大(da)(da)溃,津没于(yu)阵。由是贼势日盛。及(ji)帝崩(beng)于(yu)江(jiang)都(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou),达(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)与元(yuan)文都(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)等(deng)(deng)推越(yue)王侗(dong)为(wei)(wei)主,署开府(fu)(fu)仪同三(san)司,兼(jian)纳言,封陈国(guo)公(gong)(gong)。元(yuan)文都(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)等(deng)(deng)谋诛王充(chong)(chong)(chong)也,达(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)阴告充(chong)(chong)(chong),为(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)内应。及(ji)事(shi)(shi)发,越(yue)王侗(dong)执文都(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)于(yu)充(chong)(chong)(chong),充(chong)(chong)(chong)甚德(de)(de)于(yu)达(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da),特见崇重。既(ji)破李密,达(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)等(deng)(deng)劝越(yue)王加充(chong)(chong)(chong)九锡备(bei)物,寻讽令禅让。充(chong)(chong)(chong)僭尊号,以(yi)(yi)(yi)达(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)为(wei)(wei)司徒。及(ji)东(dong)(dong)(dong)都(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)平(ping),坐诛,妻子籍没。
史臣曰:化及庸芃下才,负恩累叶,王充斗筲小器,遭逢时幸,俱蒙奖擢,礼越旧臣。既属崩剥之期,不能致身竭命,乃因利乘便,先图干纪,率群不逞,职为乱阶,拔本塞源,裂冠毁冕。或躬为戎首,或亲行鸩毒,衅深指鹿,事切食蹯,天地所不容,人神所同愤。故枭獍凶魁,相寻菹戮,蛇豕丑类,继踵诛夷,快忠义于当年,垂炯戒于来叶。呜呼,为人臣者可不殷鉴哉!可不殷鉴哉!
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