列传第四十三
艺术
夫(fu)阴(yin)(yin)阳所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)正时(shi)日,顺气序者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也;卜筮所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)决嫌疑,定犹(you)豫者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也;医巫所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)御(yu)妖邪,养性(xing)命者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也;音(yin)律所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)和(he)人神,节哀乐者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也;相(xiang)术所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)辩贵贱,明分理者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也;技巧(qiao)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)利器(qi)用(yong),济艰(jian)难者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也。此皆圣人无(wu)心,因民设教,救(jiu)恤灾患,禁止(zhi)淫(yin)邪。自三五哲(zhe)王(wang),其(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)由来久(jiu)矣(yi)。然昔(xi)之言(yan)阴(yin)(yin)阳者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),则(ze)有箕子、裨灶、梓慎(shen)、子韦;晓(xiao)音(yin)律者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),则(ze)师旷、师挚、伯牙、杜夔;叙卜筮,则(ze)史(shi)(shi)(shi)扁、史(shi)(shi)(shi)苏、严(yan)君(jun)平(ping)、司(si)马季主;论相(xiang)术,则(ze)内(nei)史(shi)(shi)(shi)叔(shu)服、姑布子卿、唐举、许负;语医,则(ze)文挚、扁鹊、季咸、华佗;其(qi)巧(qiao)思(si),则(ze)奚仲、墨(mo)翟、张(zhang)平(ping)子、马德衡。凡此诸君(jun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),仰观俯察,探赜索隐(yin),咸诣幽微(wei),思(si)侔造(zao)化(hua),通灵入妙,殊才绝技。或弘(hong)道以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)济时(shi),或隐(yin)身以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)利物(wu),深不(bu)可(ke)测,固无(wu)得而(er)(er)称焉。近古(gu)涉(she)乎(hu)斯(si)术者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),鲜有存夫(fu)贞一,多肆其(qi)淫(yin)僻(pi),厚诬天道。或变乱阴(yin)(yin)阳,曲(qu)成(cheng)君(jun)欲(yu),或假(jia)托神怪,荧惑民心。遂(sui)令时(shi)俗(su)妖讹,不(bu)获返其(qi)真(zhen)性(xing),身罹灾毒,莫得寿(shou)终(zhong)而(er)(er)死。艺(yi)(yi)成(cheng)而(er)(er)下,意在兹(zi)乎(hu)?历(li)观经史(shi)(shi)(shi)百家之言(yan),无(wu)不(bu)存夫(fu)艺(yi)(yi)术,或叙其(qi)玄(xuan)妙,或记其(qi)迂诞,非徒用(yong)广(guang)异(yi)闻,将以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)明乎(hu)劝戒(jie)。是(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)后来作(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),或相(xiang)祖述,故(gu)今亦(yi)采其(qi)尤(you)著者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),列为(wei)《艺(yi)(yi)术篇》云(yun)。
庾季才子质 卢太翼 耿询
庾季(ji)(ji)才(cai)(cai),字叔奕,新野人也。八(ba)(ba)世(shi)祖(zu)(zu)滔,随晋元帝过江,官至散骑(qi)常侍(shi),封遂昌(chang)侯,因家于(yu)(yu)南郡江陵(ling)(ling)(ling)县。祖(zu)(zu)诜,梁处士,与(yu)宗(zong)人易(yi)齐名(ming)。父(fu)曼(man)倩,光禄卿。季(ji)(ji)才(cai)(cai)幼(you)颖悟,八(ba)(ba)岁诵(song)《尚书(shu)》,十二通《周(zhou)易(yi)》,好占玄象(xiang)(xiang)。居丧以孝闻。梁庐陵(ling)(ling)(ling)王绩(ji)辟荆州主簿,湘(xiang)东王绎(yi)重其术艺,引授外兵(bing)参军。西台建,累迁(qian)中书(shu)郎,领太史(shi),封宜(yi)昌(chang)县伯。季(ji)(ji)才(cai)(cai)固辞太史(shi),元帝曰(yue):“汉(han)司马(ma)迁(qian)历世(shi)尸掌,魏(wei)高堂隆(long)犹(you)领此职,不无前例,卿何(he)(he)惮焉。”帝亦(yi)颇明星(xing)历,因共(gong)仰观,从容谓季(ji)(ji)才(cai)(cai)曰(yue):“朕犹(you)虑祸起萧(xiao)墙,何(he)(he)方可息(xi)?”季(ji)(ji)才(cai)(cai)曰(yue):“顷天(tian)象(xiang)(xiang)告变,秦将(jiang)入郢,陛下(xia)宜(yi)留重臣(chen),作(zuo)镇荆陕,整旆还都,以避其患。假(jia)令羯(jie)寇侵蹙,止失荆湘(xiang),在于(yu)(yu)社稷(ji),可得(de)无虑。必(bi)久(jiu)停留,恐非天(tian)意也。”帝初然之,后(hou)与(yu)吏部尚书(shu)宗(zong)懔(lin)等议,乃止。俄而江陵(ling)(ling)(ling)陷(xian)灭(mie),竟如(ru)其言。
周太祖(zu)一见季(ji)(ji)才,深加(jia)优礼,令参掌太史(shi)。每(mei)有征讨,恆预侍从(cong)。赐(ci)宅一区(qu),水(shui)田(tian)十顷,并奴(nu)婢牛(niu)羊什物等,谓季(ji)(ji)才曰:“卿是南人,未安北土,故有此(ci)赐(ci)者,欲绝卿南望(wang)之心。宜尽诚(cheng)事我,当以富(fu)贵相答。”初,郢都之陷也,衣冠士人多没为贱(jian)。季(ji)(ji)才散(san)所(suo)赐(ci)物,购求亲故。文帝问:“何能若此(ci)?”季(ji)(ji)才曰:“仆闻魏克襄阳(yang),先昭异度,晋平建业,喜得士衡(heng)。伐国求贤,古之道也。今郢都覆败(bai),君(jun)信有罪(zui),晋绅何咎(jiu),皆(jie)为贱(jian)隶!鄙人羁(ji)旅,不敢献言,诚(cheng)切哀之,故赎购耳(er)。”太祖(zu)乃悟曰:“吾之过也。微君(jun)遂失天下(xia)之望(wang)!”因出令免梁(liang)俘为奴(nu)婢者数千口。
武成二年,与王(wang)(wang)褒、庾(yu)信同(tong)(tong)补(bu)麟(lin)趾学士。累迁稍伯大(da)夫、车骑大(da)将(jiang)军、仪(yi)同(tong)(tong)三司。其(qi)(qi)后(hou)(hou)大(da)冢宰宇(yu)文(wen)护执(zhi)政,谓季(ji)才(cai)曰(yue):“比日天(tian)道,有何徵(zhi)祥?”季(ji)才(cai)对曰(yue): “荷恩深厚,若不尽言(yan),便同(tong)(tong)木石。顷上(shang)台有变,不利(li)宰辅(fu),公宜归(gui)政天(tian)子(zi),请老私门(men)。此则自享期(qi)颐,而受旦、奭(shi)之美,子(zi)孙籓屏,终保维城之固。不然者(zhe),非复所知。”护沈吟久之,谓季(ji)才(cai)曰(yue):“吾(wu)本意如此,但辞未获(huo)免耳。公既王(wang)(wang)官,可依(yi)朝(chao)例,无(wu)烦别(bie)参寡人也。”自是渐疏,不复别(bie)见。及护灭之后(hou)(hou),阅其(qi)(qi)书记(ji),武帝(di)亲(qin)自临检(jian),有假托符命(ming),妄造(zao)异(yi)端(duan)者(zhe),皆致诛戮。唯得(de)季(ji)才(cai)书两纸,盛言(yan)纬候灾(zai)祥,宜反(fan)政归(gui)权。帝(di)谓少宗伯斛斯徵(zhi)曰(yue):“庾(yu)季(ji)才(cai)至诚谨悫(que),甚(shen)得(de)人臣之礼。”因赐粟三百(bai)石,帛(bo)二百(bai)段。迁太史(shi)中大(da)夫,诏(zhao)撰《灵台秘苑》,加(jia)上(shang)仪(yi)同(tong)(tong),封(feng)临颍伯,邑六百(bai)户。宣(xuan)帝(di)嗣位(wei),加(jia)骠骑大(da)将(jiang)军、开府(fu)仪(yi)同(tong)(tong)三司,增邑三百(bai)户。
及高(gao)祖(zu)为丞相,尝夜召季才(cai)而(er)问曰:“吾以(yi)庸虚,受兹顾命,天(tian)(tian)时人(ren)(ren)事,卿(qing)以(yi)为何(he)如?”季才(cai)曰:“天(tian)(tian)道(dao)精微(wei),难(nan)可意察,切以(yi)人(ren)(ren)事卜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),符(fu)兆已(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)。季才(cai)纵言不可,公(gong)岂(qi)复得(de)为箕、颍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事乎?”高(gao)祖(zu)默然久(jiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),因举首曰:“吾今譬犹(you)骑兽,诚不得(de)下矣。”因赐杂彩五(wu)十匹,绢二(er)百段,曰:“愧公(gong)此意,宜善为思之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”大定(ding)(ding)(ding)元年(nian)正(zheng)月,季才(cai)言曰:“今月戊戌平旦,青气(qi)(qi)如楼阙,见(jian)于国城之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上,俄(e)而(er)变紫(zi),逆风西行。《气(qi)(qi)经》云(yun):‘天(tian)(tian)不能无云(yun)而(er)雨(yu),皇王不能无气(qi)(qi)而(er)立。’今王气(qi)(qi)已(yi)见(jian),须即应之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。二(er)月日出卯(mao)入酉(you),居天(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)正(zheng)位(wei),谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)二(er)八之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)门。日者,人(ren)(ren)君(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象,人(ren)(ren)君(jun)正(zheng)位(wei),宜用二(er)月。其(qi)月十三日甲(jia)(jia)子(zi),甲(jia)(jia)为六甲(jia)(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)始,子(zi)为十二(er)辰(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)初,甲(jia)(jia)数九,子(zi)数又九,九为天(tian)(tian)数。其(qi)日即是惊(jing)蛰,阳气(qi)(qi)壮发之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时。昔周武(wu)王以(yi)二(er)月甲(jia)(jia)子(zi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)天(tian)(tian)下,享(xiang)年(nian)八百,汉高(gao)帝(di)以(yi)二(er)月甲(jia)(jia)午即帝(di)位(wei),享(xiang)年(nian)四百,故知甲(jia)(jia)子(zi)、甲(jia)(jia)午为得(de)天(tian)(tian)数。今二(er)月甲(jia)(jia)子(zi),宜应天(tian)(tian)受命。”上从(cong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
开皇元年,授通(tong)直散骑常侍。高祖(zu)将(jiang)迁(qian)(qian)都(dou),夜与(yu)高颎、苏威二人(ren)(ren)定议(yi),季(ji)(ji)(ji)才(cai)(cai)旦而(er)奏曰:“臣仰观玄(xuan)象,俯察图记,龟兆允袭,必有迁(qian)(qian)都(dou)。且尧(yao)都(dou)平阳,舜都(dou)冀土,是(shi)知(zhi)帝王居止(zhi),世代不(bu)同(tong)(tong)。且汉营此城,经今将(jiang)八百岁,水皆咸卤,不(bu)甚宜人(ren)(ren)。愿陛(bi)下协天(tian)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)心,为(wei)迁(qian)(qian)徙之(zhi)计。”高祖(zu)愕(e)然,谓(wei)颎等曰:“是(shi)何神也!”遂(sui)发诏(zhao)施行,购(gou)绢三百段,马两(liang)匹,进爵为(wei)公。谓(wei)季(ji)(ji)(ji)才(cai)(cai)曰:“朕自今已后,信(xin)有天(tian)道(dao)矣。” 于是(shi)令季(ji)(ji)(ji)才(cai)(cai)与(yu)其子(zi)质撰(zhuan)《垂(chui)象》、《地(di)形》等志。上(shang)(shang)谓(wei)季(ji)(ji)(ji)才(cai)(cai)曰:“天(tian)地(di)秘奥,推(tui)测多途,执见不(bu)同(tong)(tong),或致差舛。朕不(bu)欲(yu)外人(ren)(ren)干预此事,故使公父子(zi)共为(wei)之(zhi)也。”及书(shu)(shu)成奏之(zhi),赐(ci)米千石,绢六百段。九年,出为(wei)均州刺史。策书(shu)(shu)始(shi)降(jiang),将(jiang)就籓(fan),时议(yi)以(yi)季(ji)(ji)(ji)才(cai)(cai)术艺精通(tong),有诏(zhao)还(hai)委(wei)旧(jiu)任。季(ji)(ji)(ji)才(cai)(cai)以(yi)年老,频表去职(zhi),每降(jiang)优旨不(bu)许。会张胄玄(xuan)历行,及袁充(chong)(chong)言日影长。上(shang)(shang)以(yi)问季(ji)(ji)(ji)才(cai)(cai),季(ji)(ji)(ji)才(cai)(cai)因言充(chong)(chong)谬。上(shang)(shang)大怒(nu),由(you)是(shi)免职(zhi),给半禄归第。所有祥异,常使人(ren)(ren)就家访焉(yan)。仁寿(shou)三年卒,时年八十八。
季才(cai)局量宽(kuan)弘,术业优博,笃于信义,志(zhi)(zhi)好宾游(you)。常吉日良辰,与琅(lang)琊(ya)王(wang)褒、彭城刘、河东裴政及宗人(ren)信等(deng),为(wei)文酒之会。次有(you)刘臻、明克让、柳抃之徒,虽为(wei)后进,亦申游(you)款(kuan)。撰《灵台秘(mi)苑》一百二(er)十卷(juan),《垂象志(zhi)(zhi)》一百四十二(er)卷(juan),《地形(xing)志(zhi)(zhi)》八(ba)十七卷(juan),并行于世。
瘐质(zhi),字行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)修(xiu),少而(er)(er)(er)(er)明敏(min),早有(you)(you)志尚(shang)(shang)。八(ba)岁诵梁(liang)世(shi)祖《玄(xuan)览(lan)》、《言(yan)(yan)志》等十赋(fu),拜(bai)童子郎。仕周齐炀(yang)王(wang)记室。开皇元年,除奉(feng)朝请,历鄢(yan)陵令(ling),迁陇州司马。大业初,授太史令(ling)。操履贞悫,立言(yan)(yan)忠鲠,每有(you)(you)灾异,必指事(shi)面陈。而(er)(er)(er)(er)炀(yang)帝(di)(di)性多忌刻,齐王(wang)暕亦(yi)被(bei)猜(cai)嫌。质(zhi)子俭时为(wei)齐王(wang)属,帝(di)(di)谓(wei)质(zhi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“汝不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)一(yi)(yi)心事(shi)我(wo)(wo)(wo),乃使(shi)兒事(shi)齐王(wang),何向背(bei)如此(ci)邪?”质(zhi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“臣(chen)(chen)事(shi)陛(bi)下,子事(shi)齐王(wang),实(shi)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)心,不(bu)(bu)敢(gan)有(you)(you)二。” 帝(di)(di)怒(nu)不(bu)(bu)解,由是(shi)出为(wei)合水令(ling)。八(ba)年,帝(di)(di)亲(qin)伐(fa)(fa)辽东,征诣行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)在(zai)所(suo)。至(zhi)临渝谒见,帝(di)(di)谓(wei)质(zhi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“朕(zhen)(zhen)承先旨,亲(qin)事(shi)高(gao)丽,度其土地(di)人(ren)民,才(cai)当我(wo)(wo)(wo)一(yi)(yi)郡(jun),卿(qing)以(yi)为(wei)克不(bu)(bu)?”质(zhi)对(dui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“以(yi)臣(chen)(chen)管窥(kui),伐(fa)(fa)之可(ke)克,切有(you)(you)愚见,不(bu)(bu)愿(yuan)陛(bi)下亲(qin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。”帝(di)(di)作色曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“朕(zhen)(zhen)今(jin)总兵至(zhi)此(ci),岂(qi)(qi)可(ke)未见贼而(er)(er)(er)(er)自(zi)退也(ye)?”质(zhi)又曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“陛(bi)下若行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),虑损军威(wei)。臣(chen)(chen)犹(you)愿(yuan)安驾住此(ci),命骁将勇(yong)士指授规(gui)模,倍(bei)道兼(jian)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),出其不(bu)(bu)意。事(shi)宜(yi)(yi)在(zai)速(su),缓必无功。”帝(di)(di)不(bu)(bu)悦曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue): “汝既难行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),可(ke)住此(ci)也(ye)。”及师还(hai),授太史令(ling)。九年,复征高(gao)丽,又问(wen)质(zhi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“今(jin)段(duan)复何如?”对(dui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“臣(chen)(chen)实(shi)愚迷(mi),犹(you)执前见。陛(bi)下若亲(qin)动(dong)(dong)万乘,糜费实(shi)多。”帝(di)(di)怒(nu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“我(wo)(wo)(wo)自(zi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)尚(shang)(shang)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)克,直遣人(ren)去,岂(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)成(cheng)功也(ye)!”帝(di)(di)遂行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。既而(er)(er)(er)(er)礼部尚(shang)(shang)书杨玄(xuan)感据黎阳反(fan),兵部侍郎斛斯政(zheng)奔高(gao)丽,帝(di)(di)大惧,遽(ju)而(er)(er)(er)(er)西(xi)还(hai),谓(wei)质(zhi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“卿(qing)前不(bu)(bu)许我(wo)(wo)(wo)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),当为(wei)此(ci)耳。今(jin)者玄(xuan)感其成(cheng)事(shi)乎?”质(zhi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“玄(xuan)感地(di)势虽隆,德望非(fei)素,因百(bai)姓之劳苦,冀侥(jiao)幸(xing)而(er)(er)(er)(er)成(cheng)功。今(jin)天下一(yi)(yi)家,未易可(ke)动(dong)(dong)。”帝(di)(di)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“荧(ying)惑入斗(dou)如何?”对(dui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue): “斗(dou),楚之分,玄(xuan)感之所(suo)封也(ye)。今(jin)火色衰(shuai)谢,终必无成(cheng)。”十年,帝(di)(di)自(zi)西(xi)京将往东都,质(zhi)谏曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“比岁伐(fa)(fa)辽,民实(shi)劳敝,陛(bi)下宜(yi)(yi)镇抚关内(nei),使(shi)百(bai)姓毕力归(gui)农。三(san)五年间,令(ling)四海少得丰实(shi),然后巡省(sheng),于(yu)事(shi)为(wei)宜(yi)(yi)。陛(bi)下思之。”帝(di)(di)不(bu)(bu)悦,质(zhi)辞疾不(bu)(bu)从。帝(di)(di)闻(wen)之,怒(nu),遣使(shi)驰传,锁质(zhi)诣行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)在(zai)所(suo)。至(zhi)东都,诏令(ling)下狱(yu),竟死(si)狱(yu)中。
子(zi)俭,亦传父业,兼有学(xue)识。仕历(li)襄武令(ling)、元德太(tai)(tai)子(zi)学(xue)士、齐王(wang)属(shu)。义宁(ning)初,为太(tai)(tai)史令(ling),时(shi)有卢(lu)太(tai)(tai)翼、耿(geng)询,并以星历(li)知名。
卢(lu)(lu)太(tai)(tai)翼(yi)(yi),字(zi)协昭,河间(jian)人(ren)也(ye)(ye),本姓章仇(chou)氏。七岁诣学,日诵数千言,州里号(hao)曰(yue)神(shen)童。及长(zhang),闲居味(wei)道,不(bu)(bu)(bu)求荣利。博综(zong)群书,爰及佛道,皆得(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)精微。尤善占候算历之(zhi)(zhi)术。隐于白(bai)鹿山,数年徙居林虑山茱萸涧(jian)。请业(ye)者自远而(er)(er)至(zhi)(zhi),初无所(suo)拒(ju),后(hou)惮其(qi)(qi)(qi)烦,逃于五台山。地(di)多(duo)药物,与弟子数人(ren)庐于岩下(xia)(xia),萧然绝世(shi),以为神(shen)仙可致。皇太(tai)(tai)子勇闻而(er)(er)召之(zhi)(zhi),太(tai)(tai)翼(yi)(yi)知(zhi)太(tai)(tai)子必不(bu)(bu)(bu)为嗣,谓所(suo)亲曰(yue):“吾拘逼而(er)(er)来,不(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)所(suo)税驾(jia)也(ye)(ye)!”及太(tai)(tai)子废,坐法当死,高祖(zu)惜其(qi)(qi)(qi)才而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)害,配为官(guan)奴。久之(zhi)(zhi),乃(nai)释。其(qi)(qi)(qi)后(hou)目(mu)盲,以手(shou)摸书而(er)(er)知(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)字(zi)。仁(ren)寿末,高祖(zu)将避暑仁(ren)寿宫,太(tai)(tai)翼(yi)(yi)固谏不(bu)(bu)(bu)纳,至(zhi)(zhi)于再(zai)三。太(tai)(tai)翼(yi)(yi)曰(yue):“臣愚岂(qi)敢饰(shi)词,但(dan)恐是(shi)行銮(luan)舆不(bu)(bu)(bu)反。”高祖(zu)大怒,系之(zhi)(zhi)长(zhang)安狱,期还而(er)(er)斩之(zhi)(zhi)。高祖(zu)至(zhi)(zhi)宫寝疾,临(lin)崩,谓皇太(tai)(tai)子曰(yue):“章仇(chou)翼(yi)(yi),非常(chang)人(ren)也(ye)(ye),前(qian)后(hou)言事,未尝不(bu)(bu)(bu)中。吾来日道当不(bu)(bu)(bu)反,今(jin)果(guo)至(zhi)(zhi)此(ci),尔宜释之(zhi)(zhi)。”及炀帝(di)即位(wei),汉王谅反,帝(di)以问之(zhi)(zhi)。答(da)曰(yue):“上稽玄(xuan)象,下(xia)(xia)参人(ren)事,何所(suo)能(neng)为?”未几,谅果(guo)败。帝(di)常(chang)从容言及天下(xia)(xia)氏族,谓太(tai)(tai)翼(yi)(yi)曰(yue):“卿(qing)姓章仇(chou),四岳之(zhi)(zhi)胄,与卢(lu)(lu)同源。”于是(shi)赐姓为卢(lu)(lu)氏。大业(ye)九年,从驾(jia)至(zhi)(zhi)辽东,太(tai)(tai)翼(yi)(yi)言于帝(di)曰(yue):“黎阳有兵气。”后(hou)数日而(er)(er)玄(xuan)感反书闻,帝(di)甚异之(zhi)(zhi),数加赏赐。太(tai)(tai)翼(yi)(yi)所(suo)言天文之(zhi)(zhi)事,不(bu)(bu)(bu)可称数,关诸秘密,世(shi)莫(mo)得(de)(de)闻。后(hou)数载,卒于洛阳。
耿询(xun),字敦信,丹阳人也(ye)。滑(hua)稽辩给,伎巧绝人。陈后(hou)主(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)世(shi),以(yi)(yi)客从(cong)东衡州刺史(shi)王(wang)勇(yong)于岭(ling)南。勇(yong)卒,询(xun)不归,遂(sui)与诸越相(xiang)结(jie),皆得其(qi)(qi)(qi)欢心。会郡俚反叛(pan),推(tui)询(xun)为(wei)(wei)主(zhu)。柱国王(wang)世(shi)积讨擒(qin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),罪当诛。自言(yan)有(you)巧思(si),世(shi)积释之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)家奴(nu)。久之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),见其(qi)(qi)(qi)故人高(gao)智(zhi)宝以(yi)(yi)玄象直太史(shi),询(xun)从(cong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)受天(tian)文(wen)算术(shu)。询(xun)创意造浑天(tian)仪,不假人力,以(yi)(yi)水(shui)转(zhuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),施于暗室中,使智(zhi)宝外候(hou)天(tian)时,合如符契。世(shi)积知而奏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),高(gao)祖配询(xun)为(wei)(wei)官(guan)奴(nu),给使太史(shi)局。后(hou)赐蜀王(wang)秀,从(cong)往益州,秀甚信之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。及(ji)秀废,复当诛,何(he)稠言(yan)于高(gao)祖曰(yue):“耿询(xun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)巧,思(si)若有(you)神,臣(chen)诚为(wei)(wei)朝(chao)廷惜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”上于是特原(yuan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)罪。询(xun)作马上刻漏,世(shi)称其(qi)(qi)(qi)妙。炀帝即(ji)位,进欹器,帝善之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),放(fang)为(wei)(wei)良民。岁(sui)余(yu),授(shou)右尚方署(shu)监事。七年,车驾东征(zheng),询(xun)上书曰(yue):“辽东不可(ke)讨,师(shi)必无功。”帝大(da)怒(nu),命左右斩(zhan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),何(he)稠苦谏(jian)得免。及(ji)平壤(rang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)败,帝以(yi)(yi)询(xun)言(yan)为(wei)(wei)中,以(yi)(yi)询(xun)守太史(shi)丞。宇文(wen)化(hua)及(ji)弑逆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),从(cong)至黎阳,谓其(qi)(qi)(qi)妻曰(yue):“近观人事,远察天(tian)文(wen),宇文(wen)必败,李(li)氏当王(wang),吾(wu)知所归矣。” 询(xun)欲去(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),为(wei)(wei)化(hua)及(ji)所杀。著《鸟情占》一(yi)卷(juan),行于世(shi)。
韦鼎
韦(wei)鼎(ding)(ding),字(zi)超(chao)盛,京兆(zhao)杜陵人也(ye)。高祖(zu)玄(xuan),隐于(yu)商山(shan),因而归宋。祖(zu)睿,梁(liang)开府仪同三司(si)。父正,黄门侍郎(lang)。鼎(ding)(ding)少通脱,博涉经史,明阴阳逆(ni)刺,尤善相术。仕梁(liang),起家湘东王(wang)法曹(cao)参军。遭父忧,水浆不入(ru)口者五(wu)日,哀(ai)毁过礼,殆将灭性(xing)。服阕,为(wei)(wei)邵陵王(wang)主簿。侯景之(zhi)乱,鼎(ding)(ding)兄昂卒(zu)于(yu)京城,鼎(ding)(ding)负(fu)尸出,寄于(yu)中(zhong)兴寺。求棺无所(suo)得,鼎(ding)(ding)哀(ai)愤恸哭,忽见江中(zhong)有物,流至鼎(ding)(ding)所(suo),鼎(ding)(ding)切异之(zhi)。往见,乃(nai)新棺也(ye),因以(yi)充殓。元帝闻之(zhi),以(yi)为(wei)(wei)精诚所(suo)感(gan)。侯景平,司(si)徒(tu)王(wang)僧辩以(yi)为(wei)(wei)户(hu)曹(cao)属(shu),历太尉掾、大司(si)马从(cong)事、中(zhong)书侍郎(lang)。
陈武帝在南徐(xu)州,鼎(ding)望气知(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)当王(wang),遂寄孥焉(yan)。因(yin)(yin)谓陈武帝曰:“明年有(you)大(da)臣诛死(si),后四(si)岁,梁其(qi)(qi)(qi)代(dai)终,天之历数当归(gui)舜后。昔周灭殷氏,封妫满于(yu)宛(wan)丘,其(qi)(qi)(qi)裔子(zi)孙因(yin)(yin)为(wei)陈氏。仆观明公天纵神武,继(ji)绝统(tong)者,无(wu)乃是乎!”武帝阴有(you)图僧(seng)(seng)辩意,闻(wen)其(qi)(qi)(qi)言,大(da)喜,因(yin)(yin)而(er)定策。及受禅,拜黄门侍郎,俄迁司农卿、司徒右长(zhang)(zhang)史、贞威(wei)将(jiang)军,领安右晋安王(wang)长(zhang)(zhang)史、行(xing)府国事(shi)(shi),转(zhuan)廷(ting)尉卿。太建中,为(wei)聘周主使,加散(san)骑常(chang)侍。寻为(wei)秘书监、宣远(yuan)将(jiang)军,转(zhuan)临海王(wang)长(zhang)(zhang)史,行(xing)吴兴郡事(shi)(shi)。入为(wei)太府卿。至德(de)初,鼎(ding)尽质货田宅(zhai),寓居僧(seng)(seng)寺。友(you)人大(da)匠卿毛彪(biao)问(wen)其(qi)(qi)(qi)故(gu),答曰:“江东王(wang)气尽于(yu)此矣。吾与(yu)尔当葬长(zhang)(zhang)安。期(qi)运(yun)将(jiang)及,故(gu)破产耳。”
初(chu),鼎(ding)(ding)(ding)之(zhi)聘(pin)周也(ye),尝与(yu)高(gao)祖(zu)(zu)相(xiang)遇(yu)(yu),鼎(ding)(ding)(ding)谓高(gao)祖(zu)(zu)曰(yue):“观公(gong)容(rong)貌,故非常人(ren),而(er)神(shen)监深远,亦非群(qun)贤所逮也(ye)。不久必(bi)大贵(gui),贵(gui)则天下(xia)一家,岁(sui)一周天,老夫当委质。公(gong)相(xiang)不可言(yan),愿深自爱。”及(ji)陈平(ping),上(shang)驰召之(zhi),授上(shang)仪同(tong)三司(si),待遇(yu)(yu)甚厚。上(shang)每与(yu)公(gong)王宴赏(shang),鼎(ding)(ding)(ding)恆(heng)预(yu)焉。高(gao)祖(zu)(zu)尝从容(rong)谓之(zhi)曰(yue):“韦(wei)世康(kang)与(yu)公(gong)相(xiang)去远近?”鼎(ding)(ding)(ding)对曰(yue): “臣宗族分派,南北孤绝,自生以(yi)(yi)来,未尝访问。”帝曰(yue):“公(gong)百世卿族,何得尔(er)也(ye)。”乃(nai)命官给酒肴,遣世康(kang)与(yu)鼎(ding)(ding)(ding)还杜陵,乐(le)饮十余(yu)日。鼎(ding)(ding)(ding)乃(nai)考校昭穆,自楚太傅(fu)孟以(yi)(yi)下(xia)二十余(yu)世,作(zuo)《韦(wei)氏谱》七卷(juan)。时(shi)兰陵公(gong)主(zhu)寡,上(shang)为之(zhi)求夫,选(xuan)亲卫柳述(shu)(shu)及(ji)萧瑒等(deng)以(yi)(yi)示于鼎(ding)(ding)(ding)。鼎(ding)(ding)(ding)曰(yue):“瑒当封侯,而(er)无贵(gui)妻之(zhi)相(xiang),述(shu)(shu)亦通显,而(er)守(shou)位不终。” 上(shang)曰(yue):“位由我耳。”遂以(yi)(yi)主(zhu)降述(shu)(shu)。上(shang)又问鼎(ding)(ding)(ding):“诸兒谁(shei)得嗣?”答曰(yue):“至尊、皇后所最(zui)爱者,即当与(yu)之(zhi),非臣敢(gan)预(yu)知也(ye)。”上(shang)笑(xiao)曰(yue):“不肯显言(yan)乎(hu)?”
开(kai)皇十(shi)二年,除(chu)光州刺史,以(yi)仁义教导,务弘清静(jing)。州中(zhong)有(you)土豪,外(wai)修边幅,而内行(xing)不轨,常为(wei)劫(jie)盗。鼎(ding)于都会时(shi)谓之(zhi)曰(yue):“卿是好人(ren),那忽作贼?”因条(tiao)其(qi)徒党(dang)谋议逗(dou)留,其(qi)人(ren)惊惧,即(ji)自首伏。又有(you)人(ren)客(ke)(ke)游,通(tong)主家之(zhi)妾(qie),及(ji)其(qi)还(hai)去,妾(qie)盗珍物,于夜(ye)亡(wang),寻于草中(zhong)为(wei)人(ren)所杀(sha)。主家知(zhi)客(ke)(ke)与妾(qie)通(tong),因告(gao)客(ke)(ke)杀(sha)之(zhi)。县司鞫(ju)问,具得奸(jian)状,因断客(ke)(ke)死。狱(yu)成,上于鼎(ding),鼎(ding)览之(zhi)曰(yue):“此(ci)客(ke)(ke)实奸(jian),而杀(sha)非也。乃某寺僧詃妾(qie)盗物,令奴(nu)杀(sha)之(zhi),赃(zang)(zang)在某处。”即(ji)放此(ci)客(ke)(ke),遣掩僧,并获(huo)赃(zang)(zang)物。自是部(bu)内肃然不言,咸称(cheng)其(qi)有(you)神(shen),道无拾(shi)遗(yi)。寻追入京,以(yi)年老多(duo)病(bing),累加优赐。顷之(zhi),卒,年七十(shi)九。
来和
来和(he),字弘顺,京兆长安(an)人也(ye)。少(shao)好相(xiang)(xiang)术,所(suo)言(yan)多(duo)验。大(da)(da)冢宰宇文护引之左右,由是出入公卿之门(men)。初(chu)为(wei)(wei)夏官府下士,累迁少(shao)卜上士,购爵(jue)安(an)定乡男。迁畿伯下大(da)(da)夫,进(jin)封洹(huan)水县男。高(gao)祖(zu)微时,来诣和(he)相(xiang)(xiang),和(he)待人去,谓(wei)高(gao)祖(zu)曰:“公当(dang)王有四海。” 及(ji)为(wei)(wei)丞(cheng)相(xiang)(xiang),拜仪同(tong),既受(shou)禅(shan),进(jin)爵(jue)为(wei)(wei)子。开皇末,和(he)上表自陈曰:
臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)早(zao)奉龙颜(yan),自周(zhou)代天(tian)和三(san)年已来,数蒙陛(bi)下顾问(wen)(wen),当时(shi)(shi)具(ju)言至尊(zun)膺图(tu)受命,光宅区(qu)宇。此(ci)乃天(tian)授(shou),非由(you)人(ren)(ren)事所及(ji)。臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)无劳效,坐致五(wu)品,二(er)十(shi)余年。臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)是(shi)何人(ren)(ren),敢不(bu)(bu)惭惧(ju)!愚臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)不(bu)(bu)任区(qu)区(qu)之(zhi)至,谨录陛(bi)下龙潜之(zhi)时(shi)(shi),臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)有所言一得,书之(zhi)秘府,死(si)无所恨。昔陛(bi)下在周(zhou),尝与永富公(gong)窦(dou)荣(rong)定语(yu)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)曰(yue):“我(wo)闻(wen)有行声(sheng),即识其人(ren)(ren)。”臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)当时(shi)(shi)即言公(gong)眼(yan)如曙星,无所不(bu)(bu)照,当王(wang)有天(tian)下,愿忍诛杀。建德四年五(wu)月,周(zhou)武帝(di)在云阳宫,谓臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)曰(yue):“诸(zhu)公(gong)皆汝所识,隋公(gong)相(xiang)(xiang)禄何如?”臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)报武帝(di)曰(yue):“隋公(gong)止(zhi)是(shi)守节人(ren)(ren),可(ke)镇一方。若为(wei)将领,陈无不(bu)(bu)破(po)。”臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)即于宫东南(nan)奏闻(wen)。陛(bi)下谓臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen),此(ci)语(yu)不(bu)(bu)忘。明年,乌丸(wan)轨言于武帝(di)曰(yue):“隋公(gong)非人(ren)(ren)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)。”帝(di)寻以问(wen)(wen)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen),臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)知(zhi)帝(di)有疑,臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)诡报曰(yue):“是(shi)节臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen),更无异相(xiang)(xiang)。”于时(shi)(shi)王(wang)谊、梁彦(yan)光等知(zhi)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)此(ci)语(yu)。大象二(er)年五(wu)月,至尊(zun)从永巷(xiang)东门(men)入(ru),臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)在永巷(xiang)门(men)东,北面(mian)立,陛(bi)下问(wen)(wen)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)曰(yue):“我(wo)无灾障不(bu)(bu)?”臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)奏陛(bi)下曰(yue):“公(gong)骨法(fa)气(qi)色相(xiang)(xiang)应,天(tian)命已有付属。”未几,遂总百(bai)揆。
上览(lan)之大悦,进位开府,购物五百(bai)段,米三百(bai)石,地十顷。
和同郡韩(han)则(ze),尝诣和相,和谓(wei)之曰:“后四(si)(si)五(wu)当得大(da)官(guan)。”人初不知所谓(wei)。则(ze)至开(kai)皇十五(wu)年五(wu)月而终,人问其故,和曰:“十五(wu)年为(wei)(wei)三五(wu),加(jia)以五(wu)月为(wei)(wei)四(si)(si)五(wu)。大(da)官(guan),椁(guo)也。”和言多此类。著《相经》四(si)(si)十卷。
道士张宾(bin)、焦(jiao)子顺、雁门人(ren)董子华(hua),此三人(ren),当高祖龙(long)潜时,并(bing)私谓高祖曰: “公当为天(tian)子,善(shan)自爱。”及(ji)践阼,以(yi)宾(bin)为华(hua)州(zhou)刺史,子顺为开府,子华(hua)为上(shang)仪同(tong)。
萧吉(ji)杨伯(bo)丑(chou) 临孝恭 刘祐
萧吉,字(zi)文(wen)休,梁武帝兄长沙宣(xuan)武王(wang)懿之(zhi)(zhi)孙也(ye)(ye)。博(bo)学多通(tong),尤精阴阳(yang)(yang)(yang)算术(shu)。江(jiang)陵陷,遂(sui)归于周,为仪(yi)同。宣(xuan)帝时,吉以(yi)(yi)朝(chao)(chao)政日乱,上(shang)(shang)书切(qie)谏。帝不(bu)(bu)纳(na)。及隋受禅(shan),进上(shang)(shang)仪(yi)同,以(yi)(yi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)官太常考定古(gu)今(jin)(jin)阴阳(yang)(yang)(yang)书。吉性(xing)孤峭,不(bu)(bu)与(yu)(yu)公卿相沉(chen)浮,又与(yu)(yu)杨素不(bu)(bu)协(xie),由是(shi)摈(bin)落于世(shi),郁(yu)郁(yu)不(bu)(bu)得(de)志(zhi)。见(jian)上(shang)(shang)好徵祥(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)说,欲干(gan)没自进,遂(sui)矫(jiao)其迹为悦媚焉。开(kai)皇(huang)十(shi)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)上(shang)(shang)书曰:“今(jin)(jin)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)岁(sui)在(zai)(zai)甲(jia)(jia)寅(yin)(yin),十(shi)一(yi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)朔(shuo)旦,以(yi)(yi)辛(xin)酉为冬(dong)至(zhi)。来(lai)(lai)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)乙(yi)(yi)卯(mao),正(zheng)月(yue)(yue)(yue)朔(shuo)旦,以(yi)(yi)庚申为元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)日,冬(dong)至(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)日,即(ji)在(zai)(zai)朔(shuo)旦。《乐汁图徵》云(yun)(yun)(yun):‘天(tian)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)十(shi)一(yi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)朔(shuo)旦冬(dong)至(zhi),圣王(wang)受享(xiang)祚(zuo)。’今(jin)(jin)圣主(zhu)在(zai)(zai)位,居天(tian)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)首(shou)(shou)(shou),而朔(shuo)旦冬(dong)至(zhi),此(ci)庆一(yi)也(ye)(ye)。辛(xin)酉之(zhi)(zhi)日,即(ji)是(shi)至(zhi)尊(zun)本(ben)(ben)(ben)命,辛(xin)德(de)在(zai)(zai)丙(bing),此(ci)十(shi)一(yi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)建丙(bing)子。酉德(de)在(zai)(zai)寅(yin)(yin),正(zheng)月(yue)(yue)(yue)建寅(yin)(yin)为本(ben)(ben)(ben)命,与(yu)(yu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)德(de)合,而居元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)朔(shuo)之(zhi)(zhi)首(shou)(shou)(shou),此(ci)庆二也(ye)(ye)。庚申之(zhi)(zhi)日,即(ji)是(shi)行年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),乙(yi)(yi)德(de)在(zai)(zai)庚,卯(mao)德(de)在(zai)(zai)申,来(lai)(lai)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)乙(yi)(yi)卯(mao),是(shi)行年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)与(yu)(yu)岁(sui)合德(de),而在(zai)(zai)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)旦之(zhi)(zhi)朝(chao)(chao),此(ci)庆三(san)也(ye)(ye)。《阴阳(yang)(yang)(yang)书》云(yun)(yun)(yun):‘年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)命与(yu)(yu)岁(sui)月(yue)(yue)(yue)合德(de)者,必有(you)福庆。’《洪范(fan)传》云(yun)(yun)(yun):‘岁(sui)之(zhi)(zhi)朝(chao)(chao),月(yue)(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)朝(chao)(chao),日之(zhi)(zhi)朝(chao)(chao),主(zhu)王(wang)者。’ 经书并(bing)(bing)谓三(san)长应之(zhi)(zhi)者,延年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)福吉。况乃甲(jia)(jia)寅(yin)(yin)部首(shou)(shou)(shou),十(shi)一(yi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)始(shi),朔(shuo)旦冬(dong)至(zhi),是(shi)圣王(wang)上(shang)(shang)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。正(zheng)月(yue)(yue)(yue)是(shi)正(zheng)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)月(yue)(yue)(yue),岁(sui)之(zhi)(zhi)首(shou)(shou)(shou),月(yue)(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)先。朔(shuo)旦是(shi)岁(sui)之(zhi)(zhi)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),月(yue)(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)朝(chao)(chao),日之(zhi)(zhi)先,嘉辰之(zhi)(zhi)会(hui)。而本(ben)(ben)(ben)命为九元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)先,行年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)为三(san)长之(zhi)(zhi)首(shou)(shou)(shou),并(bing)(bing)与(yu)(yu)岁(sui)月(yue)(yue)(yue)合德(de)。所(suo)以(yi)(yi)《灵宝经》云(yun)(yun)(yun): ‘角(jiao)音龙精,其祚(zuo)日强(qiang)。’来(lai)(lai)岁(sui)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)命纳(na)音俱(ju)角(jiao),历之(zhi)(zhi)与(yu)(yu)经,如合符契。又甲(jia)(jia)寅(yin)(yin)、乙(yi)(yi)卯(mao),天(tian)地(di)合也(ye)(ye),甲(jia)(jia)寅(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),以(yi)(yi)辛(xin)酉冬(dong)至(zhi),来(lai)(lai)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)乙(yi)(yi)卯(mao),以(yi)(yi)甲(jia)(jia)子夏至(zhi)。冬(dong)至(zhi)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)始(shi),郊天(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)日,即(ji)是(shi)至(zhi)尊(zun)本(ben)(ben)(ben)命,此(ci)庆四也(ye)(ye)。夏至(zhi)阴始(shi),祀地(di)之(zhi)(zhi)辰,即(ji)是(shi)皇(huang)后(hou)本(ben)(ben)(ben)命,此(ci)庆五也(ye)(ye)。至(zhi)尊(zun)德(de)并(bing)(bing)乾(qian)之(zhi)(zhi)覆育,皇(huang)后(hou)仁同地(di)之(zhi)(zhi)载养,所(suo)以(yi)(yi)二仪(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)气,并(bing)(bing)会(hui)本(ben)(ben)(ben)辰。”上(shang)(shang)览之(zhi)(zhi)大悦,赐物五百段。
房(fang)陵王时为(wei)(wei)太(tai)子(zi)(zi),言(yan)东宫多鬼巉(chan),鼠妖数(shu)见。上令吉(ji)诣东宫,禳邪(xie)气(qi)。于(yu)(yu)宣慈殿设神坐,有(you)回风(feng)从艮地鬼门(men)(men)来(lai),扫太(tai)子(zi)(zi)坐。吉(ji)以桃汤苇火驱(qu)逐(zhu)之,风(feng)出宫门(men)(men)而止(zhi)。又谢土,于(yu)(yu)未地设坛,为(wei)(wei)四门(men)(men),置五(wu)帝坐。于(yu)(yu)时至寒,有(you)楎蟆从西(xi)南(nan)来(lai),入(ru)人门(men)(men),升赤帝坐,还从人门(men)(men)而出。行数(shu)步,忽(hu)然不见。上大异之,赏赐优洽(qia)。又上言(yan)太(tai)子(zi)(zi)当不安位,时上阴欲废(fei)立(li),得(de)其言(yan)是之。由此每(mei)被(bei)顾(gu)问。
及献皇后(hou)崩,上令(ling)吉(ji)卜(bu)(bu)择葬所,吉(ji)历筮山(shan)原(yuan),至一处(chu),云(yun)“卜(bu)(bu)年二(er)千,卜(bu)(bu)世二(er)百(bai)”,具(ju)图(tu)而奏(zou)之。上曰(yue):“吉(ji)凶(xiong)由人,不(bu)(bu)(bu)在于地(di)。高(gao)纬父葬,岂不(bu)(bu)(bu)卜(bu)(bu)乎?国(guo)寻灭亡。正(zheng)如我家墓(mu)田,若(ruo)云(yun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)吉(ji),朕不(bu)(bu)(bu)当为天(tian)子(zi);若(ruo)云(yun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)凶(xiong),我弟不(bu)(bu)(bu)当战(zhan)没。”然竟从吉(ji)言。吉(ji)表曰(yue):“去月十六日,皇后(hou)山(shan)陵(ling)西北(bei),鸡(ji)未鸣前(qian),有(you)黑云(yun)方圆(yuan)五六百(bai)步(bu),从地(di)属(shu)天(tian)。东南又(you)有(you)旌旗车马(ma)帐幕,布满(man)七八里,并(bing)有(you)人往来检校,部伍甚整(zheng),日出乃灭,同见(jian)者(zhe)十余人。谨案《葬书(shu)》云(yun):‘气王(wang)与(yu)(yu)姓相生(sheng),大吉(ji)。’今(jin)黑气当冬王(wang),与(yu)(yu)姓相生(sheng),是大吉(ji)利,子(zi)孙无疆之候也(ye)。”上大悦。其(qi)(qi)(qi)后(hou)上将亲临(lin)(lin)发(fa)殡,吉(ji)复奏(zou)上曰(yue):“至尊本(ben)命辛酉(you),今(jin)岁斗魁及天(tian)冈,临(lin)(lin)卯酉(you),谨按《阴(yin)阳书(shu)》,不(bu)(bu)(bu)得临(lin)(lin)丧。” 上不(bu)(bu)(bu)纳。退而告族人萧(xiao)平仲曰(yue):“皇太(tai)(tai)子(zi)遣宇文左率深谢余云(yun):‘公前(qian)称我当为太(tai)(tai)子(zi),竟有(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)验,终不(bu)(bu)(bu)忘也(ye)。今(jin)卜(bu)(bu)山(shan)陵(ling),务令(ling)我早立(li)。我立(li)之后(hou),当以富贵相报。’ 吾记之曰(yue):‘后(hou)四(si)载,太(tai)(tai)子(zi)御天(tian)下。’今(jin)山(shan)陵(ling)气应,上又(you)临(lin)(lin)丧,兆益见(jian)矣。且太(tai)(tai)子(zi)得政,隋其(qi)(qi)(qi)亡乎!当有(you)真人出治之矣。吾前(qian)绐云(yun)卜(bu)(bu)年二(er)千者(zhe),是三(san)十字(zi)也(ye);卜(bu)(bu)世二(er)百(bai)者(zhe),取三(san)十二(er)运也(ye)。吾言信矣,汝其(qi)(qi)(qi)志(zhi)之。”
及(ji)炀帝(di)(di)嗣(si)位,拜太府少卿,加位开府。尝(chang)行经华阴,见(jian)杨素冢(zhong)上有白气属天,密言于帝(di)(di)。帝(di)(di)问其故(gu),吉(ji)(ji)曰:“其候素家当(dang)有兵祸(huo),灭(mie)(mie)(mie)门之(zhi)象。改(gai)葬者,庶可免乎(hu)!’ 帝(di)(di)后(hou)从容谓杨玄感(gan)(gan)曰:“公家宜(yi)早改(gai)葬。”玄感(gan)(gan)亦微知其故(gu),以(yi)(yi)为吉(ji)(ji)祥,托(tuo)以(yi)(yi)辽东(dong)未灭(mie)(mie)(mie),不(bu)遑私门之(zhi)事。未几(ji)而玄感(gan)(gan)以(yi)(yi)反族灭(mie)(mie)(mie),帝(di)(di)弥信之(zhi)。后(hou)岁余,卒官。著(zhu)《金海》三(san)十(shi)卷(juan)(juan),《相经要录》一卷(juan)(juan),《宅(zhai)经》八卷(juan)(juan),《葬经》六卷(juan)(juan),《乐谱》二(er)十(shi)卷(juan)(juan)及(ji)《帝(di)(di)王养生方》二(er)卷(juan)(juan),《相手版要决》一卷(juan)(juan),《太一立成》一卷(juan)(juan),并(bing)行于世(shi)。
时有(you)杨伯丑,临孝恭、刘祐,俱以(yi)阴(yin)阳术数知名。
杨伯(bo)(bo)丑(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou),冯翊武乡人(ren)(ren)(ren)也。好读《易》,隐(yin)于(yu)华山。开(kai)(kai)皇初,被徵(zhi)入朝(chao),见公卿(qing)(qing)不(bu)为(wei)(wei)礼,无贵贱(jian)皆(jie)汝(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)能测也。高祖召与语,竟无所答(da)。上(shang)赐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)衣服,至(zhi)朝(chao)堂,舍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)去(qu)。于(yu)是(shi)被发阳狂,游行市里,形体垢秽,未尝(chang)(chang)(chang)栉(zhi)沐。尝(chang)(chang)(chang)有张永乐者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),卖卜京(jing)师,伯(bo)(bo)丑(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)每(mei)从之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)游。永乐为(wei)(wei)卦(gua)有不(bu)能决者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),伯(bo)(bo)丑(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)辄(zhe)为(wei)(wei)分(fen)析爻(yao)象,寻幽入微。永乐嗟服,自(zi)以为(wei)(wei)非(fei)(fei)所及(ji)也。伯(bo)(bo)丑(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)亦(yi)开(kai)(kai)肆(si)卖卜。有人(ren)(ren)(ren)尝(chang)(chang)(chang)失子(zi)(zi),就(jiu)伯(bo)(bo)丑(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)筮(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。卦(gua)成,伯(bo)(bo)丑(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)曰(yue)(yue):“汝(ru)子(zi)(zi)在怀远坊南门(men)道(dao)东北壁上(shang),有青裙女(nv)子(zi)(zi)抱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),可(ke)往取(qu)也。”如言(yan)果(guo)(guo)得(de)(de)。或者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)有金数两,夫(fu)(fu)妻(qi)共藏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),于(yu)后(hou)失金,其(qi)夫(fu)(fu)意妻(qi)有异(yi)志(zhi),将(jiang)逐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。其(qi)妻(qi)称冤,以诣(yi)伯(bo)(bo)丑(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou),为(wei)(wei)筮(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)(yue):“金在矣。”悉(xi)呼其(qi)家人(ren)(ren)(ren),指一人(ren)(ren)(ren)曰(yue)(yue):“可(ke)取(qu)金来(lai)!”其(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)赧然,应声(sheng)而(er)(er)(er)(er)取(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。道(dao)士韦(wei)知(zhi)常(chang)(chang)诣(yi)伯(bo)(bo)丑(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)问(wen)吉凶,伯(bo)(bo)丑(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)曰(yue)(yue):“汝(ru)勿东北行,必不(bu)得(de)(de)已,当早还。不(bu)然者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),杨素斩(zhan)汝(ru)头。”未几,上(shang)令知(zhi)常(chang)(chang)事汉王谅。俄而(er)(er)(er)(er)上(shang)崩(beng),谅举兵反,知(zhi)常(chang)(chang)逃归京(jing)师。知(zhi)常(chang)(chang)先(xian)与杨素有隙,及(ji)素平并州(zhou),先(xian)访知(zhi)常(chang)(chang),将(jiang)斩(zhan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),赖此(ci)获(huo)免。又人(ren)(ren)(ren)有失马(ma),来(lai)诣(yi)伯(bo)(bo)丑(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)卜者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。时伯(bo)(bo)丑(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)为(wei)(wei)皇太子(zi)(zi)所召,在途(tu)遇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),立为(wei)(wei)作卦(gua),卦(gua)成,曰(yue)(yue):“我(wo)不(bu)遑为(wei)(wei)卿(qing)(qing)占(zhan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),卿(qing)(qing)且向西市东壁门(men)南第三店(dian),为(wei)(wei)我(wo)买鱼(yu)作脍,当得(de)(de)马(ma)矣。” 其(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)如此(ci)言(yan),须臾(yu),有一人(ren)(ren)(ren)牵(qian)所失马(ma)而(er)(er)(er)(er)至(zhi),遂擒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。崖(ya)州(zhou)尝(chang)(chang)(chang)献径(jing)寸(cun)珠(zhu),其(qi)使者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)阴易之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),上(shang)心疑(yi)焉,召伯(bo)(bo)丑(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)令筮(shi)(shi)。伯(bo)(bo)丑(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)曰(yue)(yue):“有物出自(zi)水(shui)中,质圆而(er)(er)(er)(er)色光,是(shi)大(da)珠(zhu)也。今为(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)所隐(yin)。”具言(yan)隐(yin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)姓(xing)名容状。上(shang)如言(yan)簿(bu)责(ze)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),果(guo)(guo)得(de)(de)本珠(zhu)。上(shang)奇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),赐帛二十(shi)匹(pi)。国子(zi)(zi)祭(ji)酒何(he)妥(tuo)尝(chang)(chang)(chang)诣(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)论《易》,闻妥(tuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan),倏然而(er)(er)(er)(er)笑曰(yue)(yue):“何(he)用郑玄(xuan)、王弼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)乎!”久之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),微有辨答(da),所说辞(ci)义(yi),皆(jie)异(yi)先(xian)儒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旨,而(er)(er)(er)(er)思(si)理玄(xuan)妙,故(gu)论者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)以为(wei)(wei)天然独(du)得(de)(de),非(fei)(fei)常(chang)(chang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)所及(ji)也。竟以寿终。
临孝恭,京兆人也(ye)。明天文算术,高祖甚亲(qin)遇之。每言灾(zai)祥之事(shi),未尝不中,上因令(ling)考定阴(yin)阳。官至上仪同(tong)。著《欹器图》三(san)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),《地动铜仪经(jing)(jing)》一(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),《九(jiu)宫(gong)五墓》一(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),《遁甲(jia)月令(ling)》十卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),《元辰经(jing)(jing)》十卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),《元辰厄》一(yi)百(bai)九(jiu)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),《百(bai)怪书(shu)》十八卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),《禄命书(shu)》二十卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),《九(jiu)宫(gong)龟(gui)经(jing)(jing)》一(yi)百(bai)一(yi)十卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),《太一(yi)式经(jing)(jing)》三(san)十卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),《孔子(zi)马头(tou)易卜书(shu)》一(yi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),并行于世。
刘祐,荥阳人也。开皇初,为大都(dou)督(du),封索卢县公。其所占候,合如符契,高祖(zu)甚(shen)亲(qin)之。初与张宾、刘晖、马显(xian)定历。后奉诏撰兵书十卷(juan)(juan)(juan),名曰《金韬》,上善之。复著《阴(yin)策(ce)》二(er)十卷(juan)(juan)(juan),《观台飞候》六(liu)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),《玄(xuan)象(xiang)要记》五(wu)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),《律(lv)历术文》一卷(juan)(juan)(juan),《婚(hun)姻志(zhi)》三卷(juan)(juan)(juan),《产乳志(zhi)》二(er)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),《式经》四卷(juan)(juan)(juan),《四时立成法》一卷(juan)(juan)(juan),《安历志(zhi)》十二(er)卷(juan)(juan)(juan),《归正易》十卷(juan)(juan)(juan),并行(xing)于世。
张胄玄
张胄玄(xuan),渤(bo)海(hai)蓚人也(ye)。博(bo)学(xue)多通,尤精术(shu)数。冀(ji)州刺史(shi)(shi)赵煚荐之,高祖征(zheng)授云骑尉,直太史(shi)(shi),参议(yi)律历(li)(li)(li)事。时辈多出其(qi)(qi)下(xia),由是(shi)太史(shi)(shi)令刘晖(hui)等(deng)(deng)甚忌之。然晖(hui)言(yan)多不(bu)中,胄玄(xuan)所(suo)推步甚精密,上异之。令杨素与(yu)术(shu)数人立议(yi)六(liu)十一事,皆旧法久难通者(zhe),令晖(hui)与(yu)胄玄(xuan)等(deng)(deng)辩析之。晖(hui)杜口一无所(suo)答,胄玄(xuan)通者(zhe)五十四焉(yan)。由是(shi)擢拜(bai)员(yuan)外散骑侍郎,兼太史(shi)(shi)令,赐物千(qian)段(duan),晖(hui)及党与(yu)八人皆斥逐之。改定(ding)新历(li)(li)(li),言(yan)前(qian)历(li)(li)(li)差(cha)一日(ri),内史(shi)(shi)通事颜敏楚上言(yan)曰:“汉时落下(xia)闳改《颛顼(xu)历(li)(li)(li)》作《太初历(li)(li)(li)》,云后当差(cha)一日(ri)。八百年当有(you)圣者(zhe)定(ding)之。计今(jin)相去七百一十年,术(shu)者(zhe)举其(qi)(qi)成数,圣者(zhe)之谓,其(qi)(qi)在今(jin)乎!” 上大(da)悦,渐见(jian)亲(qin)用。
胄玄所(suo)为历法(fa),与古不同者(zhe)有三(san)事:
其一(yi),宋祖冲(chong)之于岁(sui)周之末(mo),创设差分,冬(dong)至(zhi)渐移(yi),不循旧(jiu)轨。每四十(shi)六年,却(que)(que)差一(yi)度。至(zhi)梁虞广刂历(li)法,嫌(xian)冲(chong)之所差太(tai)多(duo),因以一(yi)百八(ba)十(shi)六年冬(dong)至(zhi)移(yi)一(yi)度。胄玄以此二(er)术(shu),年限悬(xuan)隔,追检古(gu)注,所失极(ji)多(duo),遂(sui)折中两(liang)家,以为度法。冬(dong)至(zhi)所宿(su),岁(sui)别渐移(yi),八(ba)十(shi)三年却(que)(que)行(xing)一(yi)度,则上合尧时日永星火(huo),次符汉历(li)宿(su)起牛(niu)初。明其前后,并皆密当。
其(qi)(qi)(qi)二(er),周马显造《丙寅元(yuan)历(li)》,有阴(yin)阳(yang)转法,加(jia)(jia)减章分(fen)(fen)(fen),进退蚀(shi)余,乃推(tui)定日(ri)(ri),创开此数。当时术者,多不能(neng)(neng)晓。张宾(bin)因(yin)(yin)而(er)用之(zhi),莫能(neng)(neng)考正。胄玄以(yi)为(wei)(wei)加(jia)(jia)时先后(hou),逐(zhu)气(qi)参差,就月(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)断,于理未可(ke)。乃因(yin)(yin)二(er)十(shi)四气(qi)列其(qi)(qi)(qi)盈缩所(suo)出,实由(you)日(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)迟(chi)则月(yue)(yue)逐(zhu)日(ri)(ri)易及,令合(he)朔加(jia)(jia)时早,日(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)速(su)(su)则月(yue)(yue)逐(zhu)日(ri)(ri)少迟(chi),令合(he)朔加(jia)(jia)时晚。检前代加(jia)(jia)时早晚,以(yi)为(wei)(wei)损(sun)益之(zhi)率(lv)。日(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)自(zi)(zi)秋(qiu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)已后(hou)至春(chun)分(fen)(fen)(fen),其(qi)(qi)(qi)势速(su)(su),计(ji)(ji)一(yi)百(bai)八十(shi)二(er)日(ri)(ri)而(er)行(xing)(xing)一(yi)百(bai)八十(shi)度。自(zi)(zi)春(chun)分(fen)(fen)(fen)已后(hou)至秋(qiu)分(fen)(fen)(fen),日(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)迟(chi),计(ji)(ji)一(yi)百(bai)八十(shi)二(er)日(ri)(ri)而(er)行(xing)(xing)一(yi)百(bai)七十(shi)六度。每气(qi)之(zhi)下,即其(qi)(qi)(qi)率(lv)也。
其三,自(zi)古诸(zhu)历,朔(shuo)望(wang)值交(jiao),不问内外(wai),入(ru)限便食。张宾(bin)立法,创有外(wai)限,应(ying)食不食,犹未(wei)能明。胄(zhou)玄(xuan)以日(ri)行(xing)(xing)黄(huang)道(dao)(dao),岁一周(zhou)天(tian),月行(xing)(xing)月道(dao)(dao),二十(shi)七(qi)日(ri)有余一周(zhou)天(tian)。月道(dao)(dao)交(jiao)络黄(huang)道(dao)(dao),每行(xing)(xing)黄(huang)道(dao)(dao)内十(shi)三日(ri)有奇(qi)而出,又(you)行(xing)(xing)黄(huang)道(dao)(dao)外(wai)十(shi)三日(ri)有奇(qi)而入(ru),终而复始,月经黄(huang)道(dao)(dao),谓之(zhi)交(jiao),朔(shuo)望(wang)去交(jiao)前(qian)后各(ge)十(shi)五度已下,即为当食。若月行(xing)(xing)内道(dao)(dao),则(ze)在黄(huang)道(dao)(dao)之(zhi)北,食多(duo)有验(yan)。月行(xing)(xing)外(wai)道(dao)(dao),在黄(huang)道(dao)(dao)之(zhi)南(nan)也,虽遇正(zheng)交(jiao),无由掩映,食多(duo)不验(yan)。遂因前(qian)法,别立定限,随(sui)交(jiao)远近,逐气求(qiu)差,损益食分,事(shi)皆明著。
其(qi)超古独(du)异者有七事(shi):
其(qi)(qi)一,古历(li)五(wu)星行度皆守恆率,见(jian)(jian)(jian)伏盈(ying)缩,悉无格准。胄(zhou)玄推之(zhi),各得其(qi)(qi)真率,合见(jian)(jian)(jian)之(zhi)数(shu),与古不同。其(qi)(qi)差(cha)(cha)多者,至(zhi)加(jia)减(jian)三十(shi)许日。即如(ru)荧惑平(ping)见(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)雨水气,即均(jun)加(jia)二(er)十(shi)九日,见(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)小雪气,则均(jun)减(jian)二(er)十(shi)五(wu)日。虽减(jian)平(ping)见(jian)(jian)(jian),以(yi)为定(ding)见(jian)(jian)(jian)。诸(zhu)星各有盈(ying)缩之(zhi)数(shu),皆如(ru)此例,但(dan)差(cha)(cha)数(shu)不同。特其(qi)(qi)积候所(suo)知(zhi),时(shi)人不能原其(qi)(qi)意旨。
其二(er),辰星(xing)旧率(lv),一(yi)终再见(jian)(jian)(jian),凡(fan)诸(zhu)古(gu)历(li),皆以为然(ran),应(ying)见(jian)(jian)(jian)不(bu)见(jian)(jian)(jian),人未能测。胄玄积候(hou),知辰星(xing)一(yi)终之中,有(you)时一(yi)见(jian)(jian)(jian),及同类感召,相(xiang)随(sui)而出。即(ji)如(ru)辰星(xing)平(ping)晨见(jian)(jian)(jian)在雨水(shui)气(qi)者,应(ying)见(jian)(jian)(jian)即(ji)不(bu)见(jian)(jian)(jian),若(ruo)平(ping)晨见(jian)(jian)(jian)在启蛰(zhe)气(qi)者,去日十八度外,三十六(liu)度内,晨有(you)木火(huo)土(tu)金一(yi)星(xing)者,亦(yi)相(xiang)随(sui)见(jian)(jian)(jian)。
其(qi)三,古历步(bu)术,行(xing)有定(ding)限,自见(jian)已后,依率而推。进退之(zhi)期,莫(mo)知(zhi)多(duo)少。胄玄积候(hou),知(zhi)五(wu)星(xing)迟速留(liu)退真(zhen)数皆与古法(fa)不(bu)同,多(duo)者至差(cha)八(ba)十(shi)(shi)余(yu)日,留(liu)回所在亦差(cha)八(ba)十(shi)(shi)余(yu)度。即如(ru)荧(ying)惑前疾初(chu)见(jian)在立冬初(chu),则二百五(wu)十(shi)(shi)日行(xing)一百七(qi)十(shi)(shi)七(qi)度,定(ding)见(jian)在夏至初(chu),则一百七(qi)十(shi)(shi)日行(xing)九十(shi)(shi)二度。追(zhui)步(bu)天验,今(jin)古皆密。
其四,古历食(shi)分,依(yi)平(ping)即用,推验多少(shao),实数罕符(fu)。胄玄(xuan)积候,知(zhi)月从木、火、土(tu)、金四星行有向背。月向四星即速,背之则迟(chi),皆十五(wu)度外,乃循(xun)本率。遂于交分,限(xian)其多少(shao)。
其五(wu),古历加时,朔望同(tong)术。胄(zhou)玄积候,知日食(shi)所(suo)在,随方改变,傍正高下,每处(chu)不同(tong)。交(jiao)有浅深,迟速亦异,约(yue)时立差,皆(jie)会天(tian)象。
其(qi)(qi)六,古历交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)分即(ji)为(wei)食(shi)数,去(qu)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)十四(si)度(du)者食(shi)一(yi)分,去(qu)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)十三(san)度(du)食(shi)二分,去(qu)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)十度(du)食(shi)三(san)分。每近一(yi)度(du),食(shi)益一(yi)分,当(dang)(dang)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)即(ji)食(shi)既。其(qi)(qi)应(ying)少反(fan)多,应(ying)多反(fan)少,自(zi)(zi)古诸历,未(wei)悉其(qi)(qi)原。胄玄(xuan)积候,知当(dang)(dang)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)之(zhi)中,月掩日不能(neng)毕尽(jin),其(qi)(qi)食(shi)反(fan)少,去(qu)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)五六时,月在日内,掩日便(bian)尽(jin),故食(shi)乃既。自(zi)(zi)此(ci)已后,更(geng)远者其(qi)(qi)食(shi)又(you)少。交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)之(zhi)前后在冬至皆(jie)尔。若近夏至,其(qi)(qi)率又(you)差。所立(li)食(shi)分,最为(wei)详密。
其七,古历二分,昼夜(ye)皆等。胄玄积(ji)候,知其有差(cha),春秋二分,昼多夜(ye)漏半刻,皆由日行(xing)迟疾盈缩使(shi)其然也。
凡(fan)此胄玄独得(de)于心,论(lun)者服其(qi)精密。大业中卒官(guan)。
许智藏
许智(zhi)藏(zang),高阳人也。祖道幼(you),尝以(yi)母疾(ji),遂览(lan)医方,因(yin)而究极,世号名医。诫其诸子(zi)曰:“为(wei)(wei)人子(zi)者(zhe),尝膳视药(yao),不(bu)知方术,岂谓(wei)孝乎?”由是世相传授。仕(shi)梁,官至员(yuan)外散(san)(san)骑(qi)侍郎(lang)(lang)。父(fu)景,武陵王谘(zi)议参军。智(zhi)藏(zang)少(shao)以(yi)医术自达,仕(shi)陈(chen)为(wei)(wei)散(san)(san)骑(qi)侍郎(lang)(lang)。及(ji)陈(chen)灭,高祖以(yi)为(wei)(wei)员(yuan)外散(san)(san)骑(qi)侍郎(lang)(lang),使(shi)诣扬州。会秦孝王俊有疾(ji),上驰召之。俊夜中梦(meng)其亡妃崔氏泣曰:“本(ben)来相迎(ying),比闻(wen)许智(zhi)藏(zang)将(jiang)至,其人若到,当必相苦,为(wei)(wei)之奈何?”明夜,俊又梦(meng)崔氏曰:“妾得计矣(yi),当入灵府中以(yi)避之。”及(ji)智(zhi)藏(zang)至,为(wei)(wei)俊诊(zhen)脉,曰:“疾(ji)已入心(xin),郎(lang)(lang)当发巘(yan),不(bu)可救也。”果如言,俊数日而薨。上奇其妙,赉物百(bai)段。炀帝(di)即位,智(zhi)藏(zang)时致仕(shi)于(yu)家,帝(di)每有所苦,辄令中使(shi)就询访,或(huo)以(yi)蒐迎(ying)入殿(dian),扶(fu)登御床(chuang)。智(zhi)藏(zang)为(wei)(wei)方奏之,用无不(bu)效。年八十,卒于(yu)家。
宗人许澄,亦以(yi)(yi)医术显。父奭,仕梁太常丞、中军长(zhang)史。随柳仲礼入(ru)长(zhang)安(an),与(yu)姚僧(seng)垣齐名,拜上(shang)仪同三司。澄有学识,传父业,尤尽其(qi)妙。历尚药典御、谏议大夫(fu),封贺(he)川县伯。父子俱以(yi)(yi)艺术名重于周(zhou)、隋二代。史失事,故附见(jian)云(yun)。
万宝常王令言
万(wan)宝(bao)常(chang)(chang)(chang),不(bu)(bu)知何许人(ren)也。父大(da)通(tong),从梁(liang)将(jiang)王(wang)琳归于齐(qi)。后复(fu)谋还江南(nan),事泄,伏诛。由是宝(bao)常(chang)(chang)(chang)被配(pei)为(wei)乐(le)(le)户,因(yin)而妙达(da)钟律(lv)(lv),遍(bian)工(gong)八(ba)音(yin)。造(zao)玉磬以献于齐(qi)。又(you)尝与人(ren)方食,论(lun)及声调。时(shi)无乐(le)(le)器(qi)(qi)(qi),宝(bao)常(chang)(chang)(chang)因(yin)取(qu)前食器(qi)(qi)(qi)及杂物,以箸扣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),品其(qi)(qi)高下(xia),宫(gong)商毕备,谐于丝竹,大(da)为(wei)时(shi)人(ren)所赏。然(ran)历(li)周(zhou)洎(ji)隋,俱不(bu)(bu)得调。开皇初,沛国公郑译(yi)等定(ding)乐(le)(le),初为(wei)黄钟调。宝(bao)常(chang)(chang)(chang)虽(sui)为(wei)伶人(ren),译(yi)等每(mei)召与议,然(ran)言多不(bu)(bu)用。后译(yi)乐(le)(le)成奏(zou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),上(shang)(shang)(shang)召宝(bao)常(chang)(chang)(chang),问其(qi)(qi)可不(bu)(bu),宝(bao)常(chang)(chang)(chang)曰(yue):“此亡国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)音(yin),岂陛下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所宜闻!”上(shang)(shang)(shang)不(bu)(bu)悦(yue)。宝(bao)常(chang)(chang)(chang)因(yin)极言乐(le)(le)声哀(ai)怨(yuan)淫放(fang),非雅正之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)音(yin),请以水尺(chi)为(wei)律(lv)(lv),以调乐(le)(le)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。上(shang)(shang)(shang)从之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。宝(bao)常(chang)(chang)(chang)奉(feng)诏,遂造(zao)诸乐(le)(le)器(qi)(qi)(qi),其(qi)(qi)声率(lv)下(xia)郑译(yi)调二律(lv)(lv)。并撰《乐(le)(le)谱(pu)》六十四卷,具(ju)论(lun)八(ba)音(yin)旋(xuan)相(xiang)为(wei)宫(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法,改弦移柱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)变(bian)。为(wei)八(ba)十四调,一百四十四律(lv)(lv),变(bian)化终于一千八(ba)百声。时(shi)人(ren)以《周(zhou)礼》有(you)旋(xuan)宫(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi),自(zi)汉、魏已(yi)来,知音(yin)者皆(jie)不(bu)(bu)能通(tong),见宝(bao)常(chang)(chang)(chang)特创(chuang)其(qi)(qi)事,皆(jie)哂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。至是,试令为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),应手成曲,无所凝滞(zhi),见者莫不(bu)(bu)嗟异。于是损益乐(le)(le)器(qi)(qi)(qi),不(bu)(bu)可胜纪,其(qi)(qi)声雅淡,不(bu)(bu)为(wei)时(shi)人(ren)所好,太(tai)常(chang)(chang)(chang)善声者多排毁(hui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。又(you)太(tai)子洗马苏(su)夔以钟律(lv)(lv)自(zi)命,尤忌宝(bao)常(chang)(chang)(chang)。夔父威(wei)(wei),方用事,凡言乐(le)(le)者,皆(jie)附之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而短宝(bao)常(chang)(chang)(chang)。数诣公卿怨(yuan)望,苏(su)威(wei)(wei)因(yin)诘宝(bao)常(chang)(chang)(chang),所为(wei)何所传(chuan)受。有(you)一沙(sha)门谓(wei)宝(bao)常(chang)(chang)(chang)曰(yue):“上(shang)(shang)(shang)雅好符(fu)瑞,有(you)言徵(zhi)祥(xiang)者,上(shang)(shang)(shang)皆(jie)悦(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。先生当言就胡僧受学,云是佛家菩萨所传(chuan)音(yin)律(lv)(lv),则(ze)上(shang)(shang)(shang)必悦(yue)。先生所为(wei),可以行矣。” 宝(bao)常(chang)(chang)(chang)然(ran)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),遂如其(qi)(qi)言以答(da)威(wei)(wei)。威(wei)(wei)怒(nu)曰(yue):“胡僧所传(chuan),乃是四夷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le),非中国所宜行也。”其(qi)(qi)事竟寝。宝(bao)常(chang)(chang)(chang)尝听(ting)太(tai)常(chang)(chang)(chang)所奏(zou)乐(le)(le),泫然(ran)而泣。人(ren)问其(qi)(qi)故(gu),宝(bao)常(chang)(chang)(chang)曰(yue):“乐(le)(le)声淫厉而哀(ai),天下(xia)不(bu)(bu)久相(xiang)杀将(jiang)尽。”时(shi)四海全盛,闻其(qi)(qi)言者皆(jie)谓(wei)为(wei)不(bu)(bu)然(ran)。大(da)业之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)末,其(qi)(qi)言卒验。
宝常贫(pin)无(wu)子,其(qi)妻因其(qi)卧疾,遂窃其(qi)资(zi)物而逃(tao)。宝常饥馁,无(wu)人赡(shan)遗,竟饿而死(si)。将死(si)也,取(qu)其(qi)所(suo)著书而焚(fen)之,曰:“何用此为?”见者于(yu)火中探得数卷(juan),见行于(yu)世,时论哀之。
开皇(huang)之世,有郑译(yi)、何妥、卢贲、苏夔、萧吉(ji),并讨论坟(fen)籍(ji),撰(zhuan)著乐(le)书,皆为(wei)当世所用。至于天然(ran)识乐(le),不(bu)及宝(bao)常(chang)远矣。安马驹、曹妙(miao)(miao)达、王长通、郭令乐(le)等,能造(zao)曲,为(wei)一时之妙(miao)(miao),又习(xi)郑声(sheng),而(er)宝(bao)常(chang)所为(wei),皆归于雅(ya)。此(ci)辈虽公议不(bu)附宝(bao)常(chang),然(ran)皆心服,谓以为(wei)神。
时有(you)乐(le)人王令(ling)言(yan)(yan),亦妙达(da)音律。大业末(mo),炀帝(di)将幸江(jiang)都(dou),令(ling)言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)子尝从,于户外(wai)弹(dan)胡琵琶,作翻调(diao)《安(an)公(gong)子曲(qu)》。令(ling)言(yan)(yan)时卧室(shi)中,闻之(zhi)大惊(jing),蹶然而起曰:“变(bian),变(bian)!”急呼其(qi)子曰:“此(ci)(ci)曲(qu)兴自(zi)早晚?”其(qi)子对曰:“顷来有(you)之(zhi)。”令(ling)言(yan)(yan)遂歔欷流涕,谓其(qi)子曰:“汝(ru)慎无从行,帝(di)必(bi)不返。”子问其(qi)故,令(ling)言(yan)(yan)曰:“此(ci)(ci)曲(qu)宫声往而不反,宫者君也,吾(wu)所以知(zhi)之(zhi)。”帝(di)竟(jing)被杀于江(jiang)都(dou)。
史臣曰:阴阳卜祝之事,圣人之教在焉,虽不可以专行,亦不可得而废也。人能弘道,则博利时俗,行非其义,则咎悔及身,故昔之君子所以戒乎妄作。今韦、来之骨法气色,庾、张之推步盈虚,虽落下、高堂、许负、硃建,不能尚也。伯丑龟策,近知鬼神之情,耿询浑仪,不差辰象之度,宝常声律,动应宫商之和,虽不足远拟古人,皆一时之妙也。许氏之运针石,世载可称,萧吉之言阴阳,近于诬诞矣。
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