列传第三十七
孝义
《孝(xiao)(xiao)经(jing)》云:“夫(fu)孝(xiao)(xiao),天(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)经(jing)也(ye),地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义也(ye),人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行也(ye)。”《论语》云:“君子务本,本立而(er)道生(sheng)。孝(xiao)(xiao)悌(ti)也(ye)者(zhe),其(qi)(qi)(qi)为(wei)(wei)仁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本与(yu)(yu)!”《吕览》云:“夫(fu)孝(xiao)(xiao),三皇、五(wu)帝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本务,万(wan)事之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)纲纪也(ye)。执一(yi)术而(er)百善至,百邪去,天(tian)下顺者(zhe),其(qi)(qi)(qi)唯孝(xiao)(xiao)乎(hu)!” 然(ran)则(ze)孝(xiao)(xiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)德至矣,其(qi)(qi)(qi)为(wei)(wei)道远矣,其(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)人深矣。故圣帝明(ming)王行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于四海(hai),则(ze)与(yu)(yu)天(tian)地合其(qi)(qi)(qi)德,与(yu)(yu)日(ri)月齐其(qi)(qi)(qi)明(ming)。诸侯卿大(da)夫(fu)行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于国家(jia),则(ze)永保其(qi)(qi)(qi)宗社,长守其(qi)(qi)(qi)禄位。匹夫(fu)匹妇行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于闾阎(yan),则(ze)播微(wei)烈于当年(nian),扬休名于千载。此皆(jie)资纯(chun)至以(yi)感(gan)物,故圣哲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所重。田翼、郎(lang)方贵等,阙稽古(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)学(xue),无俊伟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)才,并能任其(qi)(qi)(qi)自然(ran),情无矫饰。笃于天(tian)性,勤其(qi)(qi)(qi)四体,竭股肱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)力,尽爱(ai)敬之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心,自足膝下之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)欢,忘(wang)怀(huai)轩冕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)贵。不言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)化(hua),人神通感(gan)。虽或位登(deng)台(tai)辅,爵(jue)列王侯,禄积(ji)万(wan)钟,马逾千驷(si),死之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日(ri),曾不得与(yu)(yu)斯人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徒隶齿。孝(xiao)(xiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)也(ye),不其(qi)(qi)(qi)然(ran)乎(hu)!故述其(qi)(qi)(qi)所行,为(wei)(wei)《孝(xiao)(xiao)义传》。
陆彦师
陆彦(yan)师(shi),字云房,魏(wei)(wei)郡临(lin)漳人。祖希道,魏(wei)(wei)定州(zhou)刺(ci)史。父(fu)子彰(zhang),中(zhong)书监(jian)。彦(yan)师(shi)少有(you)行检,为邦族(zu)所称。长而(er)(er)好学,解(jie)属(shu)文。魏(wei)(wei)襄(xiang)城王元(yuan)旭(xu)引为参军事。以父(fu)艰去(qu)职(zhi),哀毁殆不(bu)胜丧。与兄卬(ang)庐于(yu)墓次,负土成坟。公卿重(zhong)之(zhi),多就墓侧存问,晦朔之(zhi)际,车马(ma)不(bu)绝。齐文宣闻而(er)(er)嘉叹,旌表(biao)(biao)其(qi)闾,号其(qi)所住(zhu)为孝终里。中(zhong)书令河间邢(xing)邵表(biao)(biao)荐之(zhi),未(wei)报(bao),彭城王浟为司州(zhou)牧(mu),召补主簿。后(hou)历中(zhong)外(wai)府东阁祭酒。兄卬(ang)当(dang)袭父(fu)始平侯,以彦(yan)师(shi)昆弟中(zhong)最(zui)幼(you),表(biao)(biao)让封焉。彦(yan)师(shi)固辞而(er)(er)止。时称友悌孝义,总萃一门。迁中(zhong)书舍(she)人,寻转通直散骑侍郎(lang)。每陈使(shi)(shi)至,必令高选(xuan)主客,彦(yan)师(shi)所接对(dui)者(zhe),前后(hou)六辈。历中(zhong)书黄门侍郎(lang),以不(bu)阿宦者(zhe),遇谗,出为中(zhong)山(shan)太守,有(you)惠(hui)政。数(shu)年(nian),征为吏部(bu)(bu)郎(lang)中(zhong)。周武平齐,授(shou)载师(shi)下大(da)夫。宣帝时,转少纳言,赐(ci)爵(jue)临(lin)水县男(nan),奉(feng)使(shi)(shi)幽、蓟。俄(e)而(er)(er)高祖为丞相,彦(yan)师(shi)遇疾,请假还鄴。尉迥将为乱,彦(yan)师(shi)微知之(zhi),遂委妻子,潜归长安(an)。高祖嘉之(zhi),授(shou)内史下大(da)夫,拜(bai)上(shang)仪同。高祖受禅,拜(bai)尚书左(zuo)丞,进爵(jue)为子。彦(yan)师(shi)素多病(bing),未(wei)几(ji),以务剧(ju)疾动,乞解(jie)所职(zhi),有(you)诏(zhao)听以本官就第。岁余,转吏部(bu)(bu)侍郎(lang)。隋(sui)承周制,官无清浊,彦(yan)师(shi)在(zai)职(zhi),凡所任人,颇甄别(bie)于(yu)士(shi)庶,论者(zhe)美之(zhi)。后(hou)复以病(bing)出为汾州(zhou)刺(ci)史,卒官。
田德懋
田(tian)德懋(mao),观国(guo)公仁(ren)恭(gong)之子也(ye)。少以(yi)(yi)孝友著名。开(kai)皇初,以(yi)(yi)父(fu)军(jun)功赐(ci)爵(jue)平原郡(jun)公,授太子千牛备身。丁父(fu)艰,哀毁骨立,庐(lu)(lu)于墓侧,负土成坟(fen)。上闻而嘉之,遣(qian)员外(wai)散骑侍郎(lang)元志就吊(diao)焉。复(fu)降(jiang)玺书曰:“皇帝谢田(tian)德懋(mao)。知(zhi)在穷(qiong)疾,哀毁过礼(li),倚庐(lu)(lu)墓所,负土成坟(fen)。朕孝理天下(xia),思弘名教,复(fu)与汝(ru)通家,情义素重,有闻孝感,嘉叹兼深。春日暄和(he),气(qi)力何(he)似?宜(yi)自抑割(ge),以(yi)(yi)礼(li)自存也(ye)。”并赐(ci)缣(jian)二百匹,米百石。复(fu)下(xia)诏表其门闾(lv)。后(hou)历太子舍人、义州(zhou)司(si)马。大业中,为给(ji)事郎(lang)、尚书驾部郎(lang),卒官。
薛濬
薛濬(jun)(jun)(jun),字道赜(ze),刑部(bu)尚书、内(nei)阳公(gong)胄之(zhi)(zhi)从祖弟(di)也。父(fu)琰,周渭南太守。濬(jun)(jun)(jun)少(shao)丧父(fu),早孤,养母(mu)以(yi)(yi)孝(xiao)闻(wen)。幼好学,有志行,寻(xun)(xun)师于(yu)长(zhang)安。时(shi)初(chu)平江陵,何妥归国(guo),见(jian)(jian)而异(yi)之(zhi)(zhi),授(shou)以(yi)(yi)经业。周天和中,袭爵虞(yu)城(cheng)侯,历纳言(yan)上士、新丰令。开皇(huang)初(chu),擢拜(bai)尚书虞(yu)部(bu)侍郎,寻(xun)(xun)转(zhuan)考功侍郎。帝闻(wen)濬(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)(shi)母(mu)至孝(xiao),以(yi)(yi)其(qi)母(mu)老,赐(ci)舆服(fu)机(ji)杖,四时(shi)珍味,当时(shi)荣之(zhi)(zhi)。后其(qi)母(mu)疾,濬(jun)(jun)(jun)貌甚(shen)忧瘁(cui),亲故(gu)弗之(zhi)(zhi)识(shi)也。暨丁母(mu)艰(jian),诏鸿胪监(jian)护丧事(shi)(shi),归葬夏阳。于(yu)时(shi)隆冬极(ji)寒,濬(jun)(jun)(jun)衰(shuai)绖徒(tu)跣,冒犯(fan)霜雪,自京及乡,五(wu)百余(yu)里,足冻(dong)坠(zhui)指,疮(chuang)血流离(li),朝(chao)野为之(zhi)(zhi)伤痛。州里赗(feng)助(zhu),一无所受。寻(xun)(xun)起令视事(shi)(shi),濬(jun)(jun)(jun)屡陈诚款,请(qing)终丧制(zhi),优(you)诏不许。及至京,上见(jian)(jian)其(qi)毁(hui)瘠过甚(shen),为之(zhi)(zhi)改容,顾(gu)谓群(qun)臣曰: “吾见(jian)(jian)薛濬(jun)(jun)(jun)哀毁(hui),不觉悲(bei)感伤怀。”嗟(jie)异(yi)久之(zhi)(zhi)。濬(jun)(jun)(jun)竟不胜丧,病且卒(zu)。其(qi)弟(di)谟时(shi)为晋王府兵曹(cao)参(can)军(jun)事(shi)(shi),在扬州,濬(jun)(jun)(jun)遗书与谟曰:
吾以不造,幼丁(ding)艰(jian)酷(ku),穷(qiong)游约(yue)处,屡绝箪(dan)瓢。晚生早孤,不闻(wen)《诗》《礼(li)》,赖奉先(xian)人(ren)(ren)贻厥之(zhi)训,获禀母氏圣善(shan)之(zhi)规,负笈裹粮,不惮艰(jian)远(yuan),从师就业,欲罢不能。砥行厉心,困而弥(mi)笃,服膺教义(yi),爰至长(zhang)成。自释耒登朝,于兹二十三年(nian)矣(yi)。虽(sui)官(guan)非(fei)闻(wen)达,而禄(lu)喜逮亲,庶保期颐(yi),得终(zhong)色养。何(he)图精诚无感(gan),祸酷(ku)荐臻(zhen),兄弟俱被夺情,苫庐靡申哀诉。是(shi)用扣心泣(qi)血(xue),陨气摧魂者也。既(ji)而创巨衅深,不胜荼(tu)毒,启手启足(zu),幸(xing)及(ji)全归。使(shi)夫死而有(you)知,得从先(xian)人(ren)(ren)于地下矣(yi),岂非(fei)至愿哉。但念尔伶俜(ping)孤宦,远(yuan)在(zai)边(bian)服,顾此恨恨,如何(he)可(ke)言(yan)。适(shi)已有(you)书,冀得与汝(ru)面诀,忍(ren)死待汝(ru),已历一旬。汝(ru)既(ji)未(wei)来,便成今古,缅然(ran)永别,为恨何(he)言(yan)。勉之(zhi)哉,勉之(zhi)哉!
书成而(er)绝(jue),时(shi)(shi)年(nian)四十(shi)二。有(you)司(si)以闻(wen),高祖为之屑涕,降使(shi)赍册(ce)书吊祭曰(yue)(yue):“皇帝咨故(gu)考功侍郎薛濬(jun)(jun):於戏!惟尔(er)操履贞和,器业详敏(min),允膺列宿(su),勤(qin)謇(jian)克彰。及(ji)遘私(si)艰,奄从(cong)毁灭。嘉尔(er)诚孝,感于朕(zhen)怀,奠酹(lei)有(you)加(jia),抑惟朝典。故(gu)遣使(shi)人,指(zhi)申往命,魂而(er)有(you)灵,歆(xin)兹荣(rong)渥。呜(wu)呼哀哉!”濬(jun)(jun)性(xing)清(qing)俭,死之日(ri),家无(wu)遗(yi)资(zi)。濬(jun)(jun)初为童兒(er)(er)时(shi)(shi),与(yu)宗(zong)中(zhong)诸(zhu)兒(er)(er)游戏于涧滨。见(jian)一(yi)黄蛇(she)有(you)角及(ji)足,召(zhao)群兒(er)(er)共视,了无(wu)见(jian)者(zhe)。濬(jun)(jun)以为不(bu)祥,归大忧(you)悴。母逼而(er)问之,濬(jun)(jun)以实对。时(shi)(shi)有(you)胡(hu)僧(seng)诣宅乞食(shi),濬(jun)(jun)母怖而(er)告之,僧(seng)曰(yue)(yue):“此乃(nai)兒(er)(er)之吉应(ying)。且是兒(er)(er)也,早有(you)名位,然(ran)寿不(bu)过六(liu)七(qi)耳。”言终(zhong)而(er)出(chu),忽然(ran)不(bu)见(jian),时(shi)(shi)咸异之。既(ji)而(er)终(zhong)于四十(shi)二,六(liu)七(qi)之言,于是验矣(yi)。子乾福,武(wu)安郡司(si)仓(cang)书佐(zuo)。
王颁
王(wang)(wang)颁(ban),字景彦,太原祁人(ren)(ren)也(ye)。祖(zu)(zu)神(shen)念(nian),梁左(zuo)卫将军。父(fu)僧辩,太尉。颁(ban)少俶傥,有文武干局(ju)。其(qi)父(fu)平(ping)(ping)侯景,留颁(ban)质于荆州,遇元帝(di)(di)为(wei)(wei)周(zhou)师所(suo)(suo)陷,颁(ban)因(yin)入关。闻(wen)其(qi)父(fu)为(wei)(wei)陈武帝(di)(di)所(suo)(suo)杀,号恸(tong)而绝(jue),食顷乃(nai)苏,哭泣(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)绝(jue)声,毁(hui)瘠骨立。至服阕,常布衣蔬食,藉藁而卧。周(zhou)明帝(di)(di)嘉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),召授(shou)(shou)左(zuo)侍上(shang)士(shi),累迁(qian)汉中太守,寻拜(bai)(bai)仪同三司(si)。开(kai)皇(huang)初,以平(ping)(ping)蛮功(gong),加开(kai)府(fu),封蛇(she)丘(qiu)县(xian)公。献取陈之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)策(ce),上(shang)览而异之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),召与相见,言毕而歔欷,上(shang)为(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)改容。及(ji)大(da)举伐陈,颁(ban)自请(qing)行,率徒数百人(ren)(ren),从(cong)韩擒先锋夜(ye)济。力(li)战(zhan)被(bei)伤,恐(kong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)堪复斗,悲(bei)感呜咽。夜(ye)中因(yin)睡,梦有人(ren)(ren)授(shou)(shou)药,比寤(wu)而创不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)痛,时(shi)人(ren)(ren)以为(wei)(wei)孝感。及(ji)陈灭,颁(ban)密召父(fu)时(shi)士(shi)卒,得(de)千余人(ren)(ren),对之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涕泣(qi)。其(qi)间壮(zhuang)士(shi)或问颁(ban)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue): “郎君来破陈国(guo),灭其(qi)社稷,雠耻已雪,而悲(bei)哀不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)止者,将为(wei)(wei)霸先早死,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)手(shou)刃(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)邪?请(qing)发(fa)其(qi)丘(qiu)垄(long),断(duan)榇焚(fen)骨,亦可申孝心矣。”颁(ban)顿颡陈谢(xie),额尽流血,答之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue): “其(qi)为(wei)(wei)帝(di)(di)王(wang)(wang),坟茔甚(shen)大(da),恐(kong)一宵发(fa)掘,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)其(qi)尸,更至明朝,事乃(nai)彰露,若之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)何(he)?” 诸人(ren)(ren)请(qing)具锹(qiao)锸,一旦皆(jie)萃。于是(shi)夜(ye)发(fa)其(qi)陵,剖棺,见陈武帝(di)(di)须并(bing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落,其(qi)本皆(jie)出自骨中。颁(ban)遂焚(fen)骨取灰(hui),投(tou)水而饮之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。既而自缚,归(gui)罪于晋王(wang)(wang)。王(wang)(wang)表其(qi)状,高(gao)祖(zu)(zu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue): “朕以义(yi)平(ping)(ping)陈,王(wang)(wang)颁(ban)所(suo)(suo)为(wei)(wei),亦孝义(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道也(ye),朕何(he)忍罪之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)!”舍而不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)问。有司(si)录(lu)其(qi)战(zhan)功(gong),将加柱国(guo),赐物五千段,颁(ban)固辞曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“臣(chen)缘国(guo)威灵,得(de)雪怨耻,本心徇私,非是(shi)为(wei)(wei)国(guo),所(suo)(suo)加官(guan)赏,终不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)敢当。”高(gao)祖(zu)(zu)从(cong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。拜(bai)(bai)代州刺史(shi),甚(shen)有惠政。母忧去职。后为(wei)(wei)齐(qi)州刺史(shi),卒官(guan),时(shi)年五十二。弟頍,见《文学传(chuan)》。
杨庆
杨(yang)庆,字伯悦,河间人也。祖玄,父刚,并以至孝(xiao)知名。庆美姿仪,性辩慧。年十(shi)六,齐(qi)国子(zi)博士徐遵明(ming)见(jian)而(er)异(yi)之(zhi)。及(ji)长(zhang),颇(po)涉(she)书记。年二(er)十(shi)五,郡察孝(xiao)廉,以侍养不行。其(qi)母有(you)疾,不解襟带者七旬。及(ji)居母忧(you),哀毁骨立(li),负土(tu)成(cheng)坟(fen)。齐(qi)文宣帝表其(qi)门闾(lv),赐帛三十(shi)匹,绵(mian)十(shi)屯(tun),粟五十(shi)石。高祖受(shou)禅,屡加褒赏,擢授仪同三司,版授平阳(yang)太守。年八十(shi)五,终于家。
郭俊
郭(guo)俊,字弘乂,太原文水人(ren)也(ye)。家门雍睦,七叶共(gong)居(ju),犬豕同乳,乌(wu)鹊通巢,时人(ren)以为义感之(zhi)应。州(zhou)县上其(qi)事,上遣平(ping)昌公(gong)宇(yu)文弼诣其(qi)家劳问(wen)之(zhi)。治书御史柳彧巡省河(he)北,表其(qi)门闾。汉王(wang)谅(liang)为并州(zhou)总管,闻(wen)而嘉(jia)叹,赐兄弟二十余人(ren)衣各一袭。
田翼
田(tian)翼,不(bu)知何许人也。性至孝,养母(mu)(mu)以孝闻。其后(hou)母(mu)(mu)卧疾岁余(yu),翼亲易(yi)燥湿(shi),母(mu)(mu)食则食,母(mu)(mu)不(bu)食则不(bu)食。母(mu)(mu)患暴痢,翼谓(wei)中毒(du),遂亲尝恶。及母(mu)(mu)终,翼一恸而绝,其妻亦(yi)不(bu)胜(sheng)哀而死,乡人厚共葬之。
纽回
纽回,字(zi)孝政,河东安邑人(ren)也(ye)。性至孝,周武成中,父母丧,庐(lu)于墓(mu)侧,负土(tu)成坟。庐(lu)前生麻(ma)一株,高丈许,围之(zhi)合拱,枝(zhi)叶郁(yu)茂,冬夏恆青。有乌栖其上,回举声哭,乌即悲(bei)鸣,时(shi)人(ren)异之(zhi)。周武帝表其闾,擢授甘棠令。开皇初卒。
子(zi)士(shi)雄,少(shao)质直孝友(you),丧父,复庐(lu)于墓侧,负(fu)土成(cheng)坟。其庭前有(you)一槐树(shu),先甚郁茂,及士(shi)雄居丧,树(shu)遂枯死(si)。服阕还宅,死(si)树(shu)复荣。高(gao)祖(zu)闻(wen)之,叹其父子(zi)至(zhi)孝,下诏(zhao)褒扬,号其所居为累德里(li)。
刘士俊
刘士俊,彭城人也(ye)。性至孝,丁母丧,绝而复苏者数矣。勺饮(yin)不入口者七日,庐于墓(mu)侧,负土成坟,列植松(song)柏(bo)。狐(hu)狼驯扰,为之取食。高祖受禅,表其(qi)门闾(lv)。
郎方贵
郎(lang)方贵(gui)(gui),淮(huai)南人也。少有志尚,与从父弟(di)双(shuang)贵(gui)(gui)同居(ju)。开皇中,方贵(gui)(gui)尝因出行(xing)遇雨(yu),淮(huai)水(shui)泛长,于津所寄渡,船人怒之,挝方贵(gui)(gui)臂(bei)折(zhe)。至家,其弟(di)双(shuang)贵(gui)(gui)惊问所由,方贵(gui)(gui)具言之。双(shuang)贵(gui)(gui)恚恨,遂向津殴击船人致死(si)(si)。守津者(zhe)执送之县官(guan),案问其状,以(yi)方贵(gui)(gui)为(wei)首(shou),当死(si)(si),双(shuang)贵(gui)(gui)从坐(zuo),当流。兄弟(di)二人争为(wei)首(shou)坐(zuo),县司不能断,送诣州。兄弟(di)各引咎,州不能定,二人争欲赴水(shui)而(er)死(si)(si)。州状以(yi)闻(wen)(wen),上闻(wen)(wen)而(er)异之,特原其罪,表其门闾,赐物(wu)百段(duan),后为(wei)州主(zhu)簿。
翟普林
翟普林,楚丘(qiu)人也。性(xing)仁孝,事亲以孝闻。州郡辟命(ming),皆固辞不(bu)就,躬耕色养,乡邻谓为楚丘(qiu)先生。后父母疾,亲易燥(zao)湿,不(bu)解(jie)衣(yi)者七旬。大业初,父母俱终,哀毁(hui)殆将灭(mie)性(xing)。庐(lu)于墓(mu)侧,负土为坟,盛冬不(bu)衣(yi)缯絮(xu),唯著单缞而已。家(jia)有一乌(wu)犬(quan),随其(qi)在墓(mu),若普林哀临,犬(quan)亦悲号,见(jian)者嗟异(yi)焉。有二鹊(que)巢(chao)其(qi)庐(lu)前柏树,每(mei)入其(qi)庐(lu),驯狎无所惊惧。大业中,司隶巡察,奏其(qi)孝感,擢授孝阳令。
李德饶
李(li)德(de)(de)饶(rao)(rao),赵郡柏人(ren)人(ren)也。祖彻,魏尚书(shu)右丞。父(fu)纯,开皇(huang)中为(wei)(wei)介(jie)州长史(shi)。德(de)(de)饶(rao)(rao)少(shao)聪敏(min)好(hao)学,有(you)至(zhi)性(xing),宗(zong)党咸敬之(zhi)。弱冠(guan)为(wei)(wei)校书(shu)郎,仍直内(nei)史(shi)省(sheng),参(can)掌文翰(han)。转(zhuan)监察御史(shi),纠(jiu)正(zheng)不(bu)避(bi)贵戚。大业三年,迁司隶从事(shi),每巡四方,理雪冤(yuan)枉,褒扬孝(xiao)悌。虽(sui)位秩未(wei)通,其德(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)为(wei)(wei)当时(shi)所重。凡(fan)与(yu)交结(jie),皆(jie)海(hai)(hai)内(nei)髦彦。性(xing)至(zhi)孝(xiao),父(fu)母寝疾,辄终日不(bu)食,十旬不(bu)解衣。及(ji)丁忧,水浆不(bu)入口(kou)五日,哀(ai)恸呕血数(shu)升。及(ji)送葬(zang)之(zhi)日,会仲冬积雪,行(xing)(xing)四十余(yu)里(li),单缞徒跣(xian),号踊几绝。会葬(zang)者千余(yu)人(ren),莫不(bu)为(wei)(wei)之(zhi)流涕。后甘露降于庭树,有(you)鸠(jiu)巢(chao)其庐(lu)。纳言杨达(da)巡省(sheng)河北,诣其庐(lu)吊慰之(zhi),因改所居(ju)村名孝(xiao)敬村,里(li)为(wei)(wei)和(he)顺里(li)。后为(wei)(wei)金河长,未(wei)之(zhi)官,值(zhi)群盗蜂(feng)起,贼帅格谦、孙宣雅等(deng)十余(yu)头,聚众于渤海(hai)(hai)。时(shi)有(you)敕许其归(gui)首(shou),谦等(deng)惧(ju)不(bu)敢降,以德(de)(de)饶(rao)(rao)信(xin)行(xing)(xing)有(you)闻,遣使奏曰(yue): “若使德(de)(de)饶(rao)(rao)来者,即(ji)相率归(gui)首(shou)。”帝于是遣德(de)(de)饶(rao)(rao)往渤海(hai)(hai)慰谕诸贼。行(xing)(xing)至(zhi)冠(guan)氏,会他盗攻(gong)陷(xian)县(xian)城(cheng),德(de)(de)饶(rao)(rao)见害。
其(qi)弟德(de)(de)佋(shao),性(xing)重然诺。大业末,为离(li)石(shi)郡司法书佐(zuo),太守(shou)杨子(zi)崇特礼之。及义兵起,子(zi)崇遇(yu)害,弃(qi)尸城(cheng)下,德(de)(de)佋(shao)赴(fu)哭尽哀(ai),收(shou)瘗之。至介(jie)休,诣义师,请葬子(zi)崇。大将军嘉(jia)之,因赠子(zi)崇官(guan),令(ling)德(de)(de)佋(shao)为使者(zhe),往(wang)离(li)石(shi)礼葬子(zi)崇焉。
华秋
华秋(qiu),汲郡临河人(ren)(ren)也。幼丧父,事(shi)母以孝闻。家贫,佣赁为养。其(qi)(qi)母遇患,秋(qiu)容貌毁悴,须鬓(bin)顿改,州里咸嗟异(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)。及母终之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),遂绝(jue)栉沐,发(fa)尽(jin)秃落。庐(lu)(lu)于墓侧,负土成坟,有(you)人(ren)(ren)欲助之(zhi)(zhi)者,秋(qiu)辄拜而(er)止之(zhi)(zhi)。大(da)业(ye)初,调狐(hu)皮,郡县(xian)大(da)猎。有(you)一兔,人(ren)(ren)逐之(zhi)(zhi),奔入秋(qiu)庐(lu)(lu)中(zhong),匿(ni)秋(qiu)膝下。猎人(ren)(ren)至庐(lu)(lu)所,异(yi)而(er)免之(zhi)(zhi)。自尔此兔常宿庐(lu)(lu)中(zhong),驯(xun)其(qi)(qi)左右。郡县(xian)嘉其(qi)(qi)孝感,俱以状(zhuang)闻。炀帝降使劳(lao)问,表其(qi)(qi)门闾(lv)。后(hou)群盗起,常往来庐(lu)(lu)之(zhi)(zhi)左右,咸相诫(jie)曰:“勿犯(fan)孝子(zi)。”乡(xiang)人(ren)(ren)赖秋(qiu)而(er)全者甚众(zhong)。
徐孝肃
徐孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)肃,汲郡人(ren)(ren)也。宗(zong)族(zu)数(shu)千家,多(duo)以(yi)豪侈(chi)相尚,唯(wei)孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)肃性(xing)俭约,事亲(qin)以(yi)孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)闻。虽在幼齿,宗(zong)党间每(mei)有争讼(song),皆(jie)至(zhi)孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)肃所平论之(zhi),为孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)肃所短者(zhe),无(wu)不引咎而退。孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)肃早(zao)孤,不识父,及长,问其母(mu)父状,因(yin)求画工,图其形像,构庙置(zhi)之(zhi)而定省焉,朔望享祭。养母(mu)至(zhi)孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao),数(shu)十年(nian),家人(ren)(ren)未见其有忿恚之(zhi)色。及母(mu)老(lao)疾,孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)肃亲(qin)易燥湿,忧(you)悴(cui)数(shu)年(nian),见者(zhe)无(wu)不悲(bei)悼。母(mu)终,孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)肃茹(ru)蔬(shu)饮(yin)水,盛冬单缞,毁瘠骨立。祖父母(mu)、父母(mu)墓(mu)皆(jie)负土成坟(fen),庐于墓(mu)所四(si)十余(yu)载(zai),被发(fa)徒跣,遂(sui)以(yi)身终。
其弟德备(bei),聪(cong)敏(min),通涉五经,河朔间称为儒者。德备(bei)终(zhong),子处默又庐于墓侧(ce),奕叶(ye)称孝焉(yan)。
史臣曰:昔者弘爱敬之理,必籍王公大人,近古敦孝友之情,多茅屋之下。而彦师、道赜,或家传缨冕,或身誓山河,遂乃负土成坟,致毁灭性。虽乖先王之制,亦观过以知仁矣。郎贵昆弟,争死而身全,田翼夫妻,俱丧而名立,德饶仁怀群盗,德佋义感兴王,亦足称也。纽回、刘俊之伦,翟林、华秋之辈,或茂草嘉树荣枯于庭宇,或走兽翔禽驯狎于庐墓,非夫孝悌之至,通于神明者乎!
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