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隋书 列传第二十三在线阅读

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列传第二十三

明克让

明克(ke)让,字弘道,平原鬲人也。父山宾(bin),梁侍(shi)中(zhong)。克(ke)让少(shao)好儒雅(ya),善谈论,博(bo)涉书(shu)史,所(suo)览将万卷。《三礼》礼论,尤(you)所(suo)研精,龟策历(li)(li)象,咸得(de)其妙。年(nian)十四,释褐湘东(dong)王(wang)法曹(cao)参军。时(shi)舍(she)人硃异(yi)在仪贤堂讲《老子(zi)》,克(ke)让预焉。堂边有(you)修竹(zhu),异(yi)令(ling)克(ke)让咏之(zhi)。克(ke)让揽笔辄成,其卒章曰:“非君多(duo)爱赏,谁贵此贞心。”异(yi)甚(shen)奇之(zhi)。仕历(li)(li)司徒祭酒(jiu)、尚书(shu)都官郎(lang)(lang)中(zhong)、散(san)骑侍(shi)郎(lang)(lang),兼国子(zi)博(bo)士(shi)、中(zhong)书(shu)侍(shi)郎(lang)(lang)。梁灭(mie),归于长安,周明帝(di)引为(wei)(wei)麟趾殿(dian)学(xue)士(shi),俄授著(zhu)作上士(shi),转(zhuan)外史下(xia)大夫,出为(wei)(wei)卫王(wang)友,历(li)(li)汉东(dong)、南陈二郡守。武帝(di)即位(wei),复征为(wei)(wei)露门学(xue)士(shi),令(ling)与(yu)太(tai)(tai)史官属正(zheng)定新(xin)历(li)(li)。拜(bai)(bai)仪同(tong)三司,累迁司调大夫,赐(ci)(ci)爵(jue)历(li)(li)城县伯(bo),邑五百户(hu)。高祖(zu)受禅,拜(bai)(bai)太(tai)(tai)子(zi)内舍(she)人,转(zhuan)率更令(ling),进爵(jue)为(wei)(wei)侯。太(tai)(tai)子(zi)以(yi)师道处之(zhi),恩礼甚(shen)厚。每有(you)四方珍味,辄以(yi)赐(ci)(ci)之(zhi)。于时(shi)东(dong)宫盛征天(tian)下(xia)才学(xue)之(zhi)士(shi),至于博(bo)物洽闻,皆出其下(xia)。诏与(yu)太(tai)(tai)常(chang)(chang)牛弘等(deng)修礼议乐(le),当朝(chao)(chao)典故多(duo)所(suo)裁正(zheng)。开皇十四年(nian),以(yi)疾去官,加通(tong)直(zhi)散(san)骑常(chang)(chang)侍(shi)。卒,年(nian)七(qi)十。上甚(shen)伤惜焉,赙物五百段,米三百石。太(tai)(tai)子(zi)又(you)赠绢布二千(qian)匹,钱(qian)十万,朝(chao)(chao)服(fu)一具,给(ji)棺椁(guo)。著(zhu)《孝(xiao)经义疏》一部,《古今帝(di)代(dai)记》一卷,《文类》四卷,《续名僧记》一卷,集二十卷。

子馀庆,官至司门郎。越(yue)王侗称(cheng)制,为国子祭(ji)酒。

魏澹

魏(wei)澹,字彦深,巨鹿下曲阳人也。祖(zu)鸾,魏(wei)光(guang)州刺(ci)史(shi)。父季(ji)景,齐大(da)司农卿,称(cheng)为(wei)著姓(xing),世(shi)以(yi)文(wen)学自(zi)业(ye)。澹年十五而孤,专精(jing)好学,博(bo)涉(she)经史(shi),善属文(wen),词采赡逸。齐博(bo)陵王(wang)济闻其名(ming),引为(wei)记(ji)室。及琅邪王(wang)俨(yan)为(wei)京畿大(da)都督,以(yi)澹为(wei)铠曹参军,转殿(dian)中(zhong)(zhong)侍御(yu)史(shi)。寻(xun)与尚(shang)书(shu)(shu)左仆射魏(wei)收(shou)、吏部尚(shang)书(shu)(shu)阳休(xiu)之、国(guo)子博(bo)士(shi)熊(xiong)安生同修(xiu)《五礼》。又与诸学士(shi)撰(zhuan)《御(yu)览(lan)》,书(shu)(shu)成(cheng),除殿(dian)中(zhong)(zhong)郎(lang)中(zhong)(zhong)、中(zhong)(zhong)书(shu)(shu)舍人。复与李德林俱修(xiu)国(guo)史(shi)。周武(wu)帝平(ping)齐,授纳言(yan)中(zhong)(zhong)士(shi)。及高祖(zu)受禅,出为(wei)行台礼部侍郎(lang)。寻(xun)为(wei)散(san)骑常侍、聘(pin)陈主使。还除太(tai)子舍人。废(fei)太(tai)子勇深礼遇之,屡加(jia)优锡,令(ling)注《庾信集(ji)》,复撰(zhuan)《笑苑》、《词林集(ji)》,世(shi)称(cheng)其博(bo)物。数年,迁著作郎(lang),仍为(wei)太(tai)子学士(shi)。

高祖以魏(wei)收所撰(zhuan)书褒贬失实(shi),平(ping)绘(hui)为(wei)《中兴(xing)书》事不伦序,诏澹别(bie)(bie)成《魏(wei)史》。澹自道武下及恭帝,为(wei)十(shi)(shi)二纪,七十(shi)(shi)八(ba)传(chuan),别(bie)(bie)为(wei)史论及例一卷(juan),并《目录》合九十(shi)(shi)二卷(juan)。澹之(zhi)义例与魏(wei)收多所不同:

其一曰(yue),臣(chen)闻(wen)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)者,继天(tian)立极,终始绝名(ming)。故《谷梁传(chuan)》曰(yue):“太(tai)(tai)上不(bu)(bu)名(ming)。” 《曲礼(li)(li)》曰(yue):“天(tian)子(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)言出(chu),诸(zhu)侯不(bu)(bu)生名(ming)。”诸(zhu)侯尚不(bu)(bu)生名(ming),况天(tian)子(zi)(zi)乎!若为太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi),必(bi)(bi)须书(shu)(shu)名(ming)。良由子(zi)(zi)者对父生称,父前(qian)子(zi)(zi)名(ming),礼(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意也。是以(yi)(yi)(yi)桓(huan)公(gong)六年九月丁卯,子(zi)(zi)同(tong)生,《传(chuan)》曰(yue):“举以(yi)(yi)(yi)太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)。”杜预注云:“桓(huan)公(gong)子(zi)(zi)庄(zhuang)公(gong)也。”十二公(gong)唯子(zi)(zi)同(tong)是嫡夫人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)长子(zi)(zi),备(bei)用太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li),故史(shi)书(shu)(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)策。即位之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日(ri),尊成君而不(bu)(bu)名(ming),《春秋(qiu)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义,圣人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)微旨也。至如(ru)马迁(qian),周之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)并皆言名(ming),汉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)储两(liang)俱没其讳,以(yi)(yi)(yi)尊汉卑周,臣(chen)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意也。窃谓虽(sui)立此理(li),恐非(fei)其义。何者?《春秋(qiu)》、《礼(li)(li)记》,太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)必(bi)(bi)书(shu)(shu)名(ming),天(tian)王(wang)不(bu)(bu)言出(chu)。此仲尼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)褒贬,皇王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)称谓,非(fei)当(dang)时(shi)与异代遂为优劣也。班固、范晔、陈(chen)寿(shou)、王(wang)隐(yin)、沈约(yue)参差不(bu)(bu)同(tong),尊卑失序。至于(yu)魏(wei)收,讳储君之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming),书(shu)(shu)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)字,过又甚焉(yan)。今(jin)所撰(zhuan)史(shi),讳皇帝名(ming),书(shu)(shu)太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)字,欲以(yi)(yi)(yi)尊君卑臣(chen),依《春秋(qiu)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义也。

其(qi)二曰,五帝(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圣,三(san)代之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)英(ying),积(ji)德(de)累功,乃(nai)(nai)文乃(nai)(nai)武,贤圣相承,莫过周室,名器不及(ji)后(hou)稷,追谥(shi)止(zhi)于三(san)王,此(ci)即前代之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)茂实,后(hou)人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)龟镜也。魏氏平(ping)文以(yi)前,部(bu)落之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君长耳。太祖(zu)(zu)远追二十(shi)八帝(di),并极崇高(gao),违(wei)尧舜宪章,越周公典礼。但道(dao)(dao)武出自结绳,未师(shi)典诰,当须南(nan)、董直笔,裁(cai)而(er)正之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。反更饰非,言(yan)是观过,所谓决渤澥之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)水,复去(qu)堤(di)防,襄陵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)灾(zai),未可(ke)免(mian)也。但力微天女所诞,灵(ling)异绝世,尊(zun)为始祖(zu)(zu),得礼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宜。平(ping)文、昭成雄据塞表(biao),英(ying)风渐盛,图(tu)南(nan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)业,基(ji)自此(ci)始。长孙斤之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乱也,兵交御坐(zuo),太子授命,昭成获免(mian)。道(dao)(dao)武此(ci)时,后(hou)缗方娠(shen),宗(zong)庙复存,社稷有主,大功大孝,实在献明(ming)。此(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)三(san)世,称谥(shi)可(ke)也。自兹以(yi)外(wai),未之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)敢闻。

其(qi)三曰,臣以为南巢桀亡,牧野纣灭,斩以黄钺,悬首白旗,幽(you)王死于(yu)骊山,厉王出奔于(yu)彘,未尝(chang)隐讳,直(zhi)笔(bi)书(shu)之,欲(yu)以劝善惩(cheng)恶,贻(yi)诫(jie)将来者(zhe)也。而(er)(er)(er)太(tai)武、献文并(bing)皆非命,前史立纪,不(bu)异天年,言论(lun)之间(jian),颇露(lu)首尾。杀主害君,莫知名姓,逆臣贼(zei)子(zi),何所惧哉(zai)!君子(zi)之过,如日月之食,圆首方(fang)足,孰不(bu)瞻仰?况复兵交御坐(zuo),矢及(ji)王屋(wu),而(er)(er)(er)可隐没者(zhe)乎!今所撰(zhuan)史,分明(ming)直(zhi)书(shu),不(bu)敢回避。且隐、桓之死,闵、昭(zhao)杀逐(zhu),丘明(ming)据实叙于(yu)经下,况复悬隔异代(dai)而(er)(er)(er)致依违哉(zai)!

其(qi)四曰(yue),周道陵迟,不胜其(qi)敝(bi),楚子亲问九鼎(ding),吴人(ren)来征百牢,无(wu)君之(zhi)心(xin),实彰行路,夫(fu)子刊经,皆书(shu)(shu)曰(yue)卒。自晋德不竞(jing),宇(yu)宙分崩,或帝或王,各(ge)自署置。当其(qi)生日,聘使往来,略如敌(di)国,及(ji)其(qi)终(zhong)也,书(shu)(shu)之(zhi)日死,便同庶人(ren)。存没顿(dun)殊,能(neng)无(wu)怀愧!今所撰史,诸国凡处华夏之(zhi)地者,皆书(shu)(shu)曰(yue)卒,同之(zhi)吴、楚。

其(qi)五曰,壶遂发问,马(ma)迁(qian)答之(zhi),义已(yi)尽矣。后之(zhi)述(shu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),仍(reng)未(wei)领悟。董仲(zhong)舒(shu)、司马(ma)迁(qian)之(zhi)意,本云《尚(shang)书(shu)》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),隆平之(zhi)典,《春(chun)秋》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),拨乱(luan)之(zhi)法(fa),兴(xing)衰理异(yi),制作亦殊(shu)。治定则(ze)直叙(xu)钦(qin)明,世乱(luan)则(ze)辞(ci)兼(jian)显(xian)晦,分(fen)路命(ming)家,不(bu)相(xiang)依(yi)放。故云“周(zhou)道(dao)废,《春(chun)秋》作焉,尧、舜盛,《尚(shang)书(shu)》载之(zhi)”是也。“汉兴(xing)以来,改正朔,易服色,臣力诵圣德,仍(reng)不(bu)能尽,余所谓述(shu)故事,而君(jun)比之(zhi)《春(chun)秋》,谬哉”。然(ran)则(ze)纪(ji)传(chuan)之(zhi)体(ti)出自《尚(shang)书(shu)》,不(bu)学《春(chun)秋》,明矣。而范晔云:“《春(chun)秋》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),文既(ji)总略(lve),好失(shi)事形(xing),今之(zhi)拟作,所以为(wei)短(duan)。纪(ji)传(chuan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),史、班之(zhi)所变也,网(wang)罗一代,事义周(zhou)悉,适之(zhi)后学,此(ci)焉为(wei)优,故继(ji)而述(shu)之(zhi)。”观晔此(ci)言,岂直非圣人(ren)之(zhi)无法(fa),又(you)失(shi)马(ma)迁(qian)之(zhi)意旨。孙(sun)盛自谓钻(zuan)仰具体(ti)而放之(zhi)。魏(wei)收(shou)云:“鲁(lu)史既(ji)修,达者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)贻则(ze),子长(zhang)自拘纪(ji)传(chuan),不(bu)存(cun)师表,盖泉源所由,地(di)非企及。”虽复逊辞(ci)畏圣,亦未(wei)思(si)纪(ji)传(chuan)所由来也。

澹(dan)又以为(wei)司马迁(qian)创(chuang)立纪传以来(lai),述者(zhe)非一(yi),人无(wu)(wu)善(shan)恶,皆为(wei)立论(lun)。计在身(shen)行迹,具(ju)在正书,事既无(wu)(wu)奇,不足惩劝(quan)。再述乍同铭颂,重叙唯(wei)觉(jue)繁文。案丘明亚圣之才,发扬圣旨,言“君子曰(yue)”者(zhe),无(wu)(wu)非甚泰,其(qi)间寻常,直书而已。今所撰史(shi),窃(qie)有(you)慕焉,可为(wei)劝(quan)戒者(zhe),论(lun)其(qi)得失,其(qi)无(wu)(wu)损(sun)益者(zhe),所不论(lun)也。

澹(dan)所著(zhu)《魏书(shu)》,甚简要,大矫收、绘之失。上览而善之。未几,卒(zu),时年六十五。有《文集》三十卷(juan)行于世。子信言,颇(po)知名(ming)。

澹弟彦玄,有文学,历扬州(zhou)(zhou)总管府记室、洧(wei)州(zhou)(zhou)司马。有子满行(xing)。

陆爽侯白

陆爽(shuang),字开(kai)明,魏郡(jun)临漳人(ren)也。祖顺宗(zong),魏南(nan)青州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi)(shi)。父概(gai)之(zhi),齐(qi)霍(huo)州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi)(shi)。爽(shuang)少聪(cong)敏,年(nian)九岁就学(xue),日诵二(er)千馀言。齐(qi)尚书(shu)仆射杨遵(zun)彦见而异之(zhi),曰:“陆氏代(dai)有人(ren)焉(yan)。”年(nian)十(shi)七,齐(qi)司州(zhou)牧、清(qing)河王岳召为主簿。擢殿中侍(shi)御史(shi)(shi),俄兼治书(shu),累转中书(shu)侍(shi)郎。及齐(qi)灭,周武帝(di)闻(wen)其名,与阳(yang)休之(zhi)、袁叔德等十(shi)馀人(ren)俱征(zheng)入(ru)关(guan)。诸人(ren)多将辎重,爽(shuang)独载(zai)书(shu)数千卷(juan)。至长安,授宣纳上士。高祖受(shou)禅,转太(tai)子内直监,寻迁太(tai)子洗马。与左庶子宇文恺(kai)等撰《东宫典记》七十(shi)卷(juan)。朝廷(ting)以(yi)其博学(xue)有口辩,陈人(ren)至境,常令(ling)迎劳。开(kai)皇十(shi)一年(nian),卒官(guan),时年(nian)五十(shi)三,赠上仪(yi)同(tong)、宣州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi)(shi),赐帛百(bai)匹。

子法言,敏学有家风,释(shi)褐承奉(feng)郎。初,爽(shuang)之为洗马,尝奏高祖云(yun)(yun):“皇太子诸子未有嘉名(ming),请依《春秋》之义,更立名(ming)字。”上(shang)(shang)从之。及太子废,上(shang)(shang)追怒(nu)爽(shuang)云(yun)(yun): “我孙(sun)制(zhi)名(ming),宁不自(zi)解?陆爽(shuang)乃(nai)尔多事!扇惑于勇,亦由此人。其身虽故,子孙(sun)并宜屏黜,终(zhong)身不齿。”法言竟(jing)坐除名(ming)。

爽同郡侯白,字君(jun)素(su),好学(xue)有捷(jie)才(cai),性(xing)滑(hua)稽,尤辩(bian)俊。举秀(xiu)才(cai),为(wei)儒林郎。通侻不恃威仪,好为(wei)诽(fei)谐(xie)杂(za)说(shuo),人(ren)多爱狎之,所在(zai)之处,观(guan)者如市。杨素(su)甚狎之。素(su)尝与牛(niu)弘(hong)退朝,白谓素(su)曰:“日之夕矣。”素(su)大笑曰:“以(yi)我为(wei)牛(niu)羊下来邪(xie)?”高(gao)祖闻(wen)其(qi)名,召(zhao)与语,甚悦之,令于秘书(shu)修国史。每(mei)将擢之,高(gao)祖辄曰:“侯白不胜官”而止。后(hou)给五(wu)品食,月馀而死(si),时人(ren)伤其(qi)薄命。著《旌异(yi)记》十(shi)五(wu)卷,行于世。

杜台卿

杜台(tai)卿,字少山,博陵曲(qu)阳人(ren)也。父弼,齐卫尉(wei)卿。台(tai)卿少好学(xue),博览书(shu)记(ji)(ji),解属文。仕(shi)齐奉朝请,历司(si)空西閤(he)祭酒、司(si)徒户(hu)曹、著(zhu)作(zuo)郎(lang)、中书(shu)黄门侍郎(lang)。性(xing)儒素,每以雅道自居。及周武帝(di)平齐,归于乡里,以《礼记(ji)(ji)》、《春秋》讲授子(zi)弟。开皇(huang)初,被征入朝。台(tai)卿尝(chang)采《月令》,触类而广之,为书(shu)名(ming)《玉烛宝典》十(shi)(shi)二(er)卷。至是奏之,赐(ci)绢二(er)百匹。台(tai)卿患聋,不堪吏职,请修国史。上许之,拜(bai)著(zhu)作(zuo)郎(lang)。十(shi)(shi)四年,上表(biao)请致(zhi)仕(shi),敕以本官还第。数载,终于家。有集十(shi)(shi)五卷,撰《齐记(ji)(ji)》二(er)十(shi)(shi)卷,并行于世。无子(zi)。

有兄蕤(rui),学业不如(ru)台卿,而干局过之(zhi)。仕至开州刺(ci)史。子(zi)公(gong)赡(shan),少好学,有家风,卒于安(an)阳令。公(gong)赡(shan)子(zi)之(zhi)松(song),大业中(zhong),为起居舍人。

辛德源

辛德(de)源(yuan),字孝基(ji),陇(long)西狄道人也。祖(zu)穆,魏平原太守(shou)。父子(zi)(zi)馥,尚(shang)书(shu)右丞。德(de)源(yuan)沉静(jing)好(hao)学,年十(shi)四,解属文(wen)(wen)。及长,博览书(shu)记(ji),少有重名(ming)(ming)。齐尚(shang)书(shu)仆(pu)射杨遵彦(yan)、殿中(zhong)尚(shang)书(shu)辛术皆(jie)一时名(ming)(ming)士,见(jian)德(de)源(yuan),并虚襟礼敬,因同荐之于文(wen)(wen)宣帝。起家奉朝请,后(hou)为(wei)兼(jian)员(yuan)外(wai)散骑(qi)侍郎(lang)(lang)(lang),聘梁使副。后(hou)历冯(feng)翊、华(hua)山二(er)王(wang)记(ji)室(shi)。中(zhong)书(shu)侍郎(lang)(lang)(lang)刘逖上表荐德(de)源(yuan)曰:“弱龄好(hao)古,晚节逾厉,枕藉六(liu)经,渔猎百氏。文(wen)(wen)章(zhang)绮艳,体调清(qing)华(hua),恭(gong)慎(shen)表于闺门,谦捴著(zhu)于朋执。实(shi)后(hou)进之辞人,当今之雅器。必能(neng)效节一官,骋足千里(li)。”由是除(chu)员(yuan)外(wai)散骑(qi)侍郎(lang)(lang)(lang),累迁比部郎(lang)(lang)(lang)中(zhong),复兼(jian)通直(zhi)散骑(qi)常侍。聘于陈,及还,待诏文(wen)(wen)林馆(guan),除(chu)尚(shang)书(shu)考功郎(lang)(lang)(lang)中(zhong),转(zhuan)中(zhong)书(shu)舍人。及齐灭,仕周为(wei)宣纳上士。因取(qu)急诣相州,会尉迥作乱,以为(wei)中(zhong)郎(lang)(lang)(lang)。德(de)源(yuan)辞不(bu)获(huo)免,遂亡(wang)去。高祖(zu)受(shou)禅(shan),不(bu)得调者久之,隐于林虑山,郁(yu)郁(yu)不(bu)得志,著(zhu)《幽居赋》以自寄(ji),文(wen)(wen)多不(bu)载。德(de)源(yuan)素(su)与武阳太守(shou)卢思道友善,时相往(wang)来(lai)。魏州刺史崔彦(yan)武奏德(de)源(yuan)潜为(wei)交结,恐其(qi)有奸计。由是谪令从军(jun)(jun)讨南宁(ning),岁馀而还。秘书(shu)监牛弘以德(de)源(yuan)才(cai)学显(xian)著(zhu),奏与著(zhu)作郎(lang)(lang)(lang)王(wang)劭(shao)同修国史。德(de)源(yuan)每于务(wu)隙(xi)撰(zhuan)(zhuan)《集(ji)注(zhu)春(chun)秋三传》三十(shi)卷(juan),注(zhu)扬子(zi)(zi)《法言》二(er)十(shi)三卷(juan)。蜀王(wang)秀闻其(qi)名(ming)(ming)而引之,居数(shu)岁,奏以为(wei)掾(yuan)。后(hou)转(zhuan)谘议(yi)参军(jun)(jun),卒官。有集(ji)二(er)十(shi)卷(juan),又撰(zhuan)(zhuan)《政训》、《内训》各二(er)十(shi)卷(juan)。有子(zi)(zi)素(su)臣、正臣,并学涉有文(wen)(wen)义。

柳{巧言}

柳{巧言(yan)(yan)},字顾(gu)言(yan)(yan),本河(he)东(dong)人(ren)也(ye),永嘉之(zhi)乱,徙家襄阳。祖惔(yan),梁侍中(zhong)。父(fu)晖,都官尚书。抃(bian)少(shao)聪敏(min),解属文(wen)(wen),好读书,所览(lan)将万卷(juan)。仕梁,释褐著(zhu)作佐郎。后(hou)萧詧(cha)据(ju)荆州(zhou),以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)侍中(zhong),领国子(zi)祭酒、吏(li)部尚书。及(ji)梁国废,拜开府、通直(zhi)散(san)骑常侍,寻(xun)迁内史侍郎。以(yi)(yi)(yi)无(wu)吏(li)干去职(zhi),转晋王(wang)(wang)(wang)谘(zi)议参军(jun)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)好文(wen)(wen)雅,招引才学(xue)之(zhi)士诸葛(ge)颍、虞世南、王(wang)(wang)(wang)胄、硃瑒等百馀人(ren)以(yi)(yi)(yi)充学(xue)士,而抃(bian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)冠。王(wang)(wang)(wang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)师友(you)处之(zhi),每有文(wen)(wen)什,必令(ling)其润色,然后(hou)示(shi)人(ren)。尝朝(chao)(chao)京师还,作《归籓赋(fu)》,命(ming)(ming)抃(bian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)序(xu),词甚典丽。初,王(wang)(wang)(wang)属文(wen)(wen),为(wei)(wei)(wei)庾(yu)信体,及(ji)见(jian)抃(bian)已后(hou),文(wen)(wen)体遂变。仁寿(shou)初,引抃(bian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)东(dong)宫(gong)学(xue)士,加通直(zhi)散(san)骑常侍,检(jian)校洗(xi)马,甚见(jian)亲待(dai)。每召入(ru)卧(wo)内,与(yu)(yu)之(zhi)宴谑。抃(bian)尤俊辩,多(duo)在侍从(cong),有所顾(gu)问,应答如响。性又(you)嗜(shi)酒,言(yan)(yan)杂诽谐,由是弥为(wei)(wei)(wei)太子(zi)之(zhi)所亲狎(xia)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)其好内典,令(ling)撰《法华玄宗(zong)》,为(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)十卷(juan),奏(zou)之(zhi)。太子(zi)览(lan)而大(da)(da)悦,赏赐优洽(qia),侪(chai)辈莫与(yu)(yu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)比。炀帝嗣位(wei),拜秘书监(jian),封汉南县公。帝退朝(chao)(chao)之(zhi)后(hou),便命(ming)(ming)入(ru)阁(ge),言(yan)(yan)宴讽读,终日(ri)而罢。帝每与(yu)(yu)嫔后(hou)对(dui)酒,时逢兴会(hui),辄(zhe)遣命(ming)(ming)之(zhi)至,与(yu)(yu)同榻(ta)共席,恩若友(you)朋。帝犹恨不能夜召,于(yu)是命(ming)(ming)匠刻(ke)木偶人(ren),施(shi)机关(guan),能坐起拜伏,以(yi)(yi)(yi)像(xiang)于(yu)抃(bian)。帝每在月下对(dui)酒,辄(zhe)令(ling)宫(gong)人(ren)置之(zhi)于(yu)座(zuo),与(yu)(yu)相(xiang)酬酢,而为(wei)(wei)(wei)欢笑。从(cong)幸(xing)扬(yang)州(zhou),遇(yu)疾卒,年六十九。帝伤(shang)惜者久之(zhi),赠大(da)(da)将军(jun),谥(shi)曰康。撰《晋王(wang)(wang)(wang)北伐记(ji)》十五(wu)卷(juan),有集十卷(juan),行于(yu)世。

许善心

许(xu)(xu)善(shan)心,字务本(ben),高阳(yang)北(bei)新(xin)城人(ren)也。祖懋,梁太(tai)子(zi)中庶子(zi),始平、天(tian)门(men)(men)二郡守、散骑(qi)常(chang)(chang)侍(shi)。父(fu)亨,仕梁至给事黄门(men)(men)侍(shi)郎(lang),在陈(chen)历羽林监、太(tai)中大夫、卫尉卿,领大著作。善(shan)心九(jiu)岁(sui)而孤(gu),为(wei)母范氏所(suo)鞠养(yang)。幼聪(cong)明(ming)有(you)思理,所(suo)闻辄能诵记,多闻默识(shi),为(wei)当(dang)世所(suo)称(cheng)。家有(you)旧(jiu)书(shu)万馀卷(juan),皆遍通涉(she)。十五(wu)解属文,笺上(shang)(shang)父(fu)友徐陵(ling),陵(ling)大奇之(zhi),谓人(ren)曰:“才调极高,此神童也。”起家除新(xin)安王法曹。太(tai)子(zi)詹事江总(zong)举(ju)秀才,对策高第,授度支(zhi)郎(lang)中,转侍(shi)郎(lang),补撰史学士。祯明(ming)二年,加(jia)通直(zhi)散骑(qi)常(chang)(chang)侍(shi),聘于(yu)隋(sui)。遇高祖伐陈(chen),礼成而不获反命(ming),累表请辞。上(shang)(shang)不许(xu)(xu),留絷(zhi)宾(bin)馆。及陈(chen)亡(wang),高祖遣(qian)使告之(zhi)。善(shan)心衰服号哭于(yu)西阶之(zhi)下,藉草东向(xiang),经三日(ri)。敕书(shu)唁焉。明(ming)日(ri),有(you)诏就馆,拜通直(zhi)散骑(qi)常(chang)(chang)侍(shi)。赐衣一(yi)袭。善(shan)心哭尽哀,入房改(gai)服,复(fu)出(chu)北(bei)面立,垂(chui)涕再拜受(shou)诏。明(ming)日(ri)乃朝,伏泣(qi)于(yu)殿下,悲(bei)不能兴(xing)。上(shang)(shang)顾左右曰:“我(wo)平陈(chen)国,唯获此人(ren)。既能怀其旧(jiu)君,即是我(wo)诚(cheng)臣也。”敕以本(ben)官直(zhi)门(men)(men)下省,赐物(wu)千段,皁马二十匹。从幸太(tai)山,还授虞部侍(shi)郎(lang)。

十六年,有(you)神雀降于(yu)含章闼,高祖(zu)召百官赐宴(yan),告以此(ci)瑞(rui)。善心于(yu)座请纸笔(bi),制《神雀颂》,其(qi)词曰:

臣(chen)闻(wen)观(guan)象则(ze)天(tian),乾元合其(qi)(qi)德,观(guan)法审地(di)(di)(di),域大(da)表其(qi)(qi)尊(zun)。雨施云(yun)行,四时(shi)所以生杀(sha),川(chuan)流(liu)岳立,万物于(yu)是(shi)裁成。出震(zhen)乘离(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun),纪雁(yan)司(si)凤(feng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后,玉(yu)(yu)锤(chui)玉(yu)(yu)斗而(er)(er)降,金版金縢以传。并陶冶(ye)性(xing)灵(ling),含煦动植(zhi),眇玄(xuan)(xuan)珠(zhu)于(yu)赤水,寂(ji)明镜(jing)乎(hu)虚堂。莫(mo)不(bu)景(jing)福氤氲,嘉(jia)贶’集(ji)(ji)(ji),驰声南董,越(yue)响《云(yun)》《韶》。粤(yue)我皇(huang)帝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)临(lin),阐大(da)方,抗太极(ji),负凤(feng)邸,据龙图。不(bu)言行焉(yan),摄提(ti)建(jian)指,不(bu)肃清(qing)焉(yan),喉铃(ling)启闭(bi)。括(kuo)地(di)(di)(di)复夏,截海翦(jian)商,就望体其(qi)(qi)尊(zun),登咸昌其(qi)(qi)会。绵区(qu)浃宇(yu),遐(xia)至(zhi)迩安(an),腾实飞声,直暢傍施。无体之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li),威仪(yi)布政之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宫(gong),无声之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐,缀兆总章(zhang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)观(guan)。上(shang)庠(xiang)养老,躬问百年(nian),下(xia)土(tu)(tu)字民,心(xin)为百姓(xing)。月栖日浴,热坂寒门,吹鳞(lin)没羽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)荒,赤蛇青马(ma)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)裔,解辫(bian)请吏(li),削衽(ren)承风。岂止呼韩北场,頫勒狼居之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)岫,熄慎南境,近表不(bu)耐(nai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)城。故(gu)使天(tian)弗爱道,地(di)(di)(di)宁吝宝,川(chuan)岳展(zhan)异(yi),幽明效灵(ling)。狎素游赪,团膏(gao)漱醴,半景(jing)青赤,孳历亏(kui)盈。足足怀仁(ren),般(ban)般(ban)扰义,祥(xiang)祐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)来若此(ci),升(sheng)隆(long)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)化如彼(bi)。而(er)(er)登封盛典,云(yun)亭伫白(bai)检之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)仪(yi),致治成功(gong),柴燎靡玄(xuan)(xuan)珪之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)告(gao)。虽奉(feng)常(chang)定礼(li),武骑草文(wen),天(tian)子(zi)抑(yi)而(er)(er)未行,推而(er)(er)不(bu)有(you)。允恭克让,其(qi)(qi)在(zai)斯乎(hu)?七十二君(jun),信蔑如也(ye)!故(gu)神禽显贲,玄(xuan)(xuan)应(ying)特(te)昭,白(bai)爵(jue)主(zhu)铁豸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)奇,赤爵(jue)衔丹书(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)贵。班(ban)固《神爵(jue)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)颂,履(lv)武戴文(wen),曹植(zhi)《嘉(jia)爵(jue)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇,栖庭集(ji)(ji)(ji)牖。未若于(yu)飞武帐,来贺(he)文(wen)棕,刷采(cai)青蒲,将翱(ao)赤罽。玉(yu)(yu)几朝御,取(qu)玩轩楯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间,金门旦开,兼留(liu)晕(yun)翟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鉴。终古(gu)旷世,未或前闻(wen),福召冥徵(zhi),得之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兹日。岁次上(shang)章(zhang),律谐(xie)大(da)吕,玄(xuan)(xuan)枵会节(jie),玄(xuan)(xuan)英统时(shi)。至(zhi)尊(zun)未明求(qiu)衣,晨兴于(yu)含章(zhang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)殿。爰有(you)瑞爵(jue),翱(ao)翔而(er)(er)下(xia)。载(zai)行载(zai)止,当扆(yi)宁而(er)(er)徐前,来集(ji)(ji)(ji)来仪(yi),承轩墀而(er)(er)顾步。夫瑞者符也(ye),明主(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)休徵(zhi);雀者爵(jue)也(ye),圣人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)宝。谨案《考异(yi)邮(you)》云(yun):“轩辕有(you)黄(huang)爵(jue)赤头,立日傍。” 占云(yun):“土(tu)(tu)精之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)应(ying)。”又《礼(li)稽命徵(zhi)》云(yun):“祭祀合其(qi)(qi)宜,则(ze)黄(huang)爵(jue)集(ji)(ji)(ji)。”昔(xi)汉集(ji)(ji)(ji)泰畤之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)殿,魏下(xia)文(wen)昌之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宫(gong),一(yi)见雍丘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祠,三入平东(dong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)府,并旁观(guan)回瞩,事陋(lou)人(ren)微(wei),奚足称(cheng)矣。抑(yi)又闻(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),不(bu)刳胎剖(pou)卵,则(ze)鸾凤(feng)驯(xun)鸣;不(bu)漉浸焚原(yuan),则(ze)螭龙盘蜿。是(shi)知陛下(xia)止杀(sha),故(gu)飞走宅心(xin),皇(huang)慈好(hao)生,而(er)(er)浮潜育德。臣(chen)面奉(feng)纶綍,垂示休祥(xiang),预承嘉(jia)宴(yan),不(bu)胜藻跃。李虔僻处西(xi)土(tu)(tu),陆机(ji)少长(zhang)东(dong)隅,微(wei)臣(chen)惭于(yu)往贤,逢时(shi)盛乎(hu)曩代(dai),辄(zhe)竭庸琐,敢献颂云(yun):

太(tai)素式肇,大德资生,功玄不(bu)器,道要无名。质文鼎革,沿习因成(cheng),祥图瑞史(shi),赫赫明(ming)(ming)明(ming)(ming)。天保大定,于铄我君(jun),武义(yi)乃武,文教惟(wei)文。横塞(sai)宇宙,旁凝射、汾,轩物(wu)重造,姚(yao)风再薰。焕发(fa)王(wang)策,昭(zhao)彰(zhang)帝道,御地七(qi)神,飞天五老。山(shan)祗(zhi)吐(tu)秘,河灵(ling)(ling)孕宝,黑羽升(sheng)坛,青鳞伏(fu)皁(zao)。丹(dan)乌流火,白雉从风,栖(qi)阿德劭(shao),鸣(ming)岐祚隆。未如神爵,近贺王(wang)宫(gong),五灵(ling)(ling)何有,百福攸同。孔图献赤,荀文表白,节(jie)节(jie)奇音,行行瑞迹。化玉黼扆,衔(xian)环陛(bi)戟,上天之命,明(ming)(ming)神所(suo)格。绥应(ying)在旃,伊臣预焉,永缉(ji)韦素,方流管(guan)弦(xian)。颂(song)歌(ge)不(bu)足,蹈(dao)儛无宣,臣拜稽首,亿万斯年。

颂成,奏之,高祖甚悦,曰:“我(wo)见(jian)神雀,共(gong)皇后观之。今(jin)旦(dan)召公(gong)等(deng)入,适(shi)述此事,善心于座始知,即能成颂,文不(bu)(bu)加(jia)(jia)点,笔不(bu)(bu)停(ting)毫(hao),常闻此言,今(jin)见(jian)其(qi)事。” 因赐物二百段。十七(qi)(qi)年,除秘(mi)书(shu)丞。于时秘(mi)藏图籍尚(shang)多淆(xiao)乱,善心放(fang)阮(ruan)孝绪(xu)《七(qi)(qi)录》,更制《七(qi)(qi)林(lin)》,各为(wei)总叙,冠于篇首。又于部(bu)录之下,明作者(zhe)之意,区分其(qi)类例焉。又奏追李文博、陆从典(dian)等(deng)学者(zhe)十许(xu)人,正定经史错谬。仁寿元年,摄(she)黄门侍郎。二年,加(jia)(jia)摄(she)太(tai)常少(shao)卿,与牛(niu)弘等(deng)议(yi)定礼(li)乐,秘(mi)书(shu)丞、黄门,并如故(gu)。四(si)年,留守(shou)京师(shi)。高祖崩(beng)于仁寿宫,炀帝秘(mi)丧不(bu)(bu)发,先易留守(shou)官人,出除岩州(zhou)刺史。逢(feng)汉王谅反,不(bu)(bu)之官。

大(da)业元(yuan)年,转礼部(bu)侍(shi)郎,奏(zou)荐(jian)儒者徐文远为(wei)(wei)国(guo)子博士,包恺、陆德明(ming)、褚(chu)徽(hui)、鲁世达之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辈(bei)并加品(pin)秩,授为(wei)(wei)学官(guan)。其(qi)(qi)年,副纳言(yan)杨达为(wei)(wei)冀州(zhou)道(dao)大(da)使,以(yi)(yi)称旨(zhi),赐物五百段。左(zuo)卫(wei)大(da)将军宇文述每旦借本(ben)(ben)部(bu)兵(bing)(bing)数十人(ren)(ren)以(yi)(yi)供私役(yi)(yi),常半(ban)日(ri)而(er)罢。摄御史大(da)夫梁毗奏(zou)劾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。上方(fang)以(yi)(yi)腹心(xin)(xin)委述,初付(fu)(fu)法推(tui),千馀人(ren)(ren)皆(jie)称被役(yi)(yi)。经二十馀日(ri),法官(guan)候伺(si)上意,乃言(yan)役(yi)(yi)不满日(ri),其(qi)(qi)数虽多,不合(he)通计,纵令有实,亦当(dang)无罪。诸兵(bing)(bing)士闻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),更云初不被役(yi)(yi)。上欲释(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),付(fu)(fu)议(yi)虚实,百僚(liao)咸议(yi)为(wei)(wei)虚。善(shan)(shan)心(xin)(xin)以(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)述于(yu)仗卫(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)抽兵(bing)(bing)私役(yi)(yi),虽不满日(ri),阙于(yu)宿(su)卫(wei),与(yu)(yu)常役(yi)(yi)所(suo)部(bu),情状乃殊。又兵(bing)(bing)多下番,散还本(ben)(ben)府,分道(dao)追(zhui)至,不谋(mou)同辞。今殆(dai)一月,方(fang)始翻(fan)覆,奸(jian)状分明(ming),此何可舍(she)。苏威、杨汪等二十馀人(ren)(ren),同善(shan)(shan)心(xin)(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)议(yi)。其(qi)(qi)馀皆(jie)议(yi)免罪。炀帝(di)(di)可免罪之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)奏(zou)。后数月,述谮善(shan)(shan)心(xin)(xin)曰: “陈叔(shu)宝(bao)卒(zu),善(shan)(shan)心(xin)(xin)与(yu)(yu)周罗、虞世基、袁(yuan)充、蔡徵等同往送葬。善(shan)(shan)心(xin)(xin)为(wei)(wei)祭文,谓为(wei)(wei)陛下,敢(gan)于(yu)今日(ri)加叔(shu)宝(bao)尊号。”召问有实,自援古例,事(shi)得释(shi),而(er)帝(di)(di)甚恶(e)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。又太史奏(zou)帝(di)(di)即位(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)年,与(yu)(yu)尧时符合(he),善(shan)(shan)心(xin)(xin)议(yi),以(yi)(yi)国(guo)哀甫尔,不宜称贺。述讽御史劾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),左(zuo)迁给事(shi)郎,降品(pin)二等。四年,撰《方(fang)物志》奏(zou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。七年,从至涿郡,帝(di)(di)方(fang)自御戎以(yi)(yi)东讨,善(shan)(shan)心(xin)(xin)上封事(shi)忤旨(zhi),免官(guan)。其(qi)(qi)年复征为(wei)(wei)守给事(shi)郎。九年,摄左(zuo)翊卫(wei)长史,从渡辽,授建节(jie)尉。帝(di)(di)尝言(yan)及高祖受(shou)命之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)符,因问鬼神(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi),敕善(shan)(shan)心(xin)(xin)与(yu)(yu)崔祖濬撰《灵异记》十卷。

初,善心父撰(zhuan)著《梁史(shi)》,未就(jiu)而殁(mo)。善心述(shu)(shu)成父志,修续家书,其《序(xu)传》末,述(shu)(shu)制作(zuo)之意曰:

谨案(an)太素将(jiang)萌,洪荒(huang)初判,乾仪资始,辰象所以(yi)(yi)正(zheng)(zheng)时,巛载厚生,品物于焉(yan)(yan)播气。参三才(cai)而(er)(er)育德,肖二统而(er)(er)降(jiang)灵。有人民焉(yan)(yan),树(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)君长(zhang),有贵(gui)贱矣,为其宗极。保上天(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)眷(juan)命,膺下土之(zhi)(zhi)乐推(tui),莫(mo)不执大方(fang),振长(zhang)策,感(gan)召风(feng)云,驱驰英俊。干戈揖让,取之(zhi)(zhi)也殊功(gong),鼎玉龟(gui)符,成(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)也一(yi)致。革命创制,竹素之(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)稍彰(zhang),纪事记言,笔墨之(zhi)(zhi)官渐著。炎农以(yi)(yi)往,存其名(ming)而(er)(er)漏(lou)其迹,黄(huang)轩以(yi)(yi)来,晦其文而(er)(er)显(xian)其用(yong)。登丘纳麓,具训诰及(ji)典(dian)谟,贯昴入房,传(chuan)夏(xia)正(zheng)(zheng)与(yu)殷祀。洎辨方(fang)正(zheng)(zheng)位,论时训功(gong),南北左右,兼四(si)名(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)别,梼(tao)杌乘车,擅一(yi)家之(zhi)(zhi)称(cheng)。国(guo)恶虽讳,君举(ju)必书,故贼子乱(luan)臣,天(tian)下大惧,元龟(gui)明镜,昭然可察。及(ji)三郊递袭,五胜相沿,俱称(cheng)百谷之(zhi)(zhi)主,并(bing)以(yi)(yi)四(si)海自任,重光累(lei)德,何世(shi)无哉!

逮有梁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君临天(tian)(tian)下,江左建(jian)国,莫斯(si)为盛。受命在(zai)(zai)于一(yi)君,继(ji)统传乎(hu)四主,克昌四十(shi)八载,馀祚五十(shi)六年。武皇(huang)帝(di)出自诸生,爰(yuan)升宝(bao)历(li),拯百王之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弊,救万姓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)危,反浇季(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)末流,登上皇(huang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)独道(dao)。朝(chao)多君子,野(ye)无(wu)(wu)遗(yi)贤,礼乐必备,宪章咸举。弘深慈(ci)于不杀,济大忍于无(wu)(wu)刑,荡(dang)荡(dang)巍巍,可为称首。属阴戎入颍,羯胡侵洛(luo),沸腾碜黩,三季(ji)所未闻,扫地滔天(tian)(tian),一(yi)元之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)巨厄。廊(lang)庙有序,翦(jian)成狐兔之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)场,珪帛有仪,碎夫犬(quan)羊(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)手(shou)。福善积(ji)而(er)身祸,仁义在(zai)(zai)而(er)国亡(wang)。岂(qi)(qi)天(tian)(tian)道(dao)欤(yu)?岂(qi)(qi)人(ren)事(shi)欤(yu)?尝别论之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),在(zai)(zai)《序论》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卷。

先(xian)君昔(xi)在前代(dai),早怀(huai)述作(zuo),凡撰《齐(qi)书》为(wei)五十卷(juan);《梁书》纪传,随事(shi)勒成(cheng),及阙而未就者,《目录(lu)》注(zhu)为(wei)一百八(ba)卷(juan)。梁室(shi)交丧(sang),坟籍(ji)销尽。冢壁皆(jie)残,不(bu)准无所(suo)盗,帷囊同毁,陈农何(he)以求!秦儒既(ji)坑,先(xian)王之(zhi)道将坠,汉(han)臣徒请,口授(shou)之(zhi)文亦绝(jue)。所(suo)撰之(zhi)书,一时亡(wang)散。有(you)陈初建,诏为(wei)史官(guan),补阙拾遗,心识口诵。依旧(jiu)目录(lu),更加修撰,且成(cheng)百卷(juan),已有(you)六帙五十八(ba)卷(juan),上秘阁讫(qi)。

善(shan)心(xin)早婴荼蓼,弗荷薪构,太(tai)建(jian)之(zhi)末,频抗(kang)表闻(wen),至德之(zhi)初,蒙授史(shi)(shi)任(ren)。方愿油(you)素采访,门庭记(ji)录,俯励(li)弱才,仰成(cheng)先志(zhi);而单宗少强近,虚室类原、颜,退屏(ping)无(wu)所(suo)交游,栖迟不求进益。假班(ban)嗣之(zhi)书,徒闻(wen)其语(yu),给王(wang)隐之(zhi)笔,未(wei)见其人(ren)。加(jia)以(yi)(yi)庸琐凉能,孤陋(lou)末学,忝职郎署,兼撰《陈(chen)史(shi)(shi)》,致(zhi)此书延时,未(wei)即成(cheng)续(xu)。祯(zhen)明二年(nian),以(yi)(yi)台郎入(ru)聘,值本邑沦覆,他(ta)乡播(bo)迁,行(xing)人(ren)失时,将命不复。望(wang)都亭而长恸,迁别(bie)馆而悬壶。家史(shi)(shi)旧书,在后焚(fen)荡。今止有(you)六十(shi)(shi)八卷(juan)(juan)在,又并(bing)缺(que)落(luo)失次。自入(ru)京已来,随见补葺,略成(cheng)七(qi)十(shi)(shi)卷(juan)(juan)。《四帝纪》八卷(juan)(juan),《后妃》一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan),《三太(tai)子录》一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan),为一(yi)(yi)(yi)帙(zhi)(zhi)十(shi)(shi)卷(juan)(juan)。《宗室王(wang)侯列(lie)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》一(yi)(yi)(yi)帙(zhi)(zhi)十(shi)(shi)卷(juan)(juan)。《具臣列(lie)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》二帙(zhi)(zhi)二十(shi)(shi)卷(juan)(juan)。《外戚传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan),《孝德传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan),《诚(cheng)臣传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan),《文苑(yuan)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》二卷(juan)(juan),《儒林(lin)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》二卷(juan)(juan),《逸民传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan),《数术传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan),《籓臣传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan),合一(yi)(yi)(yi)帙(zhi)(zhi)十(shi)(shi)卷(juan)(juan)。《止足传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan),《列(lie)女传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan),《权幸(xing)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan),《羯贼(zei)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》二卷(juan)(juan),《逆臣传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》二卷(juan)(juan),《叛臣传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》二卷(juan)(juan),《叙(xu)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)论述(shu)》一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)(juan),合一(yi)(yi)(yi)帙(zhi)(zhi)十(shi)(shi)卷(juan)(juan)。凡称史(shi)(shi)臣者,皆先君所(suo)言,下称名(ming)案者,并(bing)善(shan)心(xin)补阙(que)。别(bie)为《叙(xu)论》一(yi)(yi)(yi)篇(pian),托于《叙(xu)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》之(zhi)末。

十(shi)年,又从至(zhi)怀远镇,加授(shou)朝(chao)散大(da)夫(fu)。突厥围雁门,摄(she)左(zuo)亲卫武(wu)贲(bi)郎将,领(ling)江南(nan)兵宿卫殿省。驾幸江都郡,追叙(xu)前勋,授(shou)通议大(da)夫(fu)。诏(zhao)还本(ben)品,行给事郎。十(shi)四年,化及(ji)杀逆之(zhi)(zhi)日,隋官(guan)尽(jin)诣朝(chao)堂谒(ye)贺,善(shan)心独(du)不(bu)至(zhi)。许弘仁驰(chi)告(gao)之(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue):“天子已崩,宇文(wen)将军摄(she)政,合朝(chao)文(wen)武(wu)莫不(bu)咸集。天道人事,自有(you)代终,何预于叔而(er)(er)低徊若此(ci)(ci)!”善(shan)心怒之(zhi)(zhi),不(bu)肯(ken)随(sui)去。弘仁反(fan)走上马,泣而(er)(er)言曰(yue):“将军于叔全(quan)无(wu)恶意,忽自求死,岂不(bu)痛(tong)哉!”还告(gao)唐奉义,以状白化及(ji),遣人就宅执(zhi)至(zhi)朝(chao)堂。化及(ji)令释之(zhi)(zhi),善(shan)心不(bu)舞蹈而(er)(er)出。化及(ji)目送之(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue):“此(ci)(ci)人大(da)负气(qi)。”命(ming)捉(zhuo)将来,骂云:“我好欲放你,敢如此(ci)(ci)不(bu)逊!”其党辄牵(qian)曳,因(yin)遂(sui)害(hai)之(zhi)(zhi),时年六十(shi)一(yi)。及(ji)越王称制,赠左(zuo)光禄大(da)夫(fu)、高阳县公,谥曰(yue)文(wen)节。

善(shan)心母范(fan)氏,梁太子中舍人孝才之女,少寡(gua)养孤,博学(xue)有(you)高节。高祖(zu)知之,敕(chi)尚食每(mei)献时(shi)新,常遣分赐。尝(chang)诏范(fan)入(ru)内,侍皇(huang)后讲(jiang)读,封永乐(le)郡君。及善(shan)心遇祸,范(fan)年九十(shi)有(you)二,临(lin)丧不哭,抚柩曰:“能死国(guo)难,我有(you)兒矣。”因卧不食,后十(shi)馀日亦终。

李文博

博(bo)陵李文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)博(bo),性贞介鲠直(zhi),好学不(bu)(bu)倦,至于(yu)(yu)教义名理,特(te)(te)所(suo)留(liu)心(xin)(xin)。每(mei)读书(shu)(shu)(shu)至治乱得(de)失(shi),忠臣(chen)列士,未尝不(bu)(bu)反覆吟玩。开皇中,为(wei)(wei)羽骑尉,特(te)(te)为(wei)(wei)吏部侍郎(lang)薛道(dao)衡(heng)所(suo)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),恆(heng)令(ling)在(zai)听事(shi)(shi)帷(wei)中披检书(shu)(shu)(shu)史,并察(cha)己行事(shi)(shi)。若遇治政(zheng)善事(shi)(shi),即抄撰(zhuan)记录,如(ru)(ru)(ru)选(xuan)用疏谬,即委之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臧否。道(dao)衡(heng)每(mei)得(de)其(qi)(qi)语,莫不(bu)(bu)欣然从之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。后直(zhi)秘书(shu)(shu)(shu)内(nei)省,典(dian)校(xiao)坟籍,守(shou)道(dao)居贫(pin),晏如(ru)(ru)(ru)也。虽衣(yi)食乏绝,而清(qing)操(cao)逾厉(li),不(bu)(bu)妄通宾(bin)客,恆(heng)以礼(li)法自处,侪辈莫不(bu)(bu)敬惮焉。道(dao)衡(heng)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)贫(pin),每(mei)延于(yu)(yu)家,给以资费。文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)博(bo)商略古今(jin),治政(zheng)得(de)失(shi),如(ru)(ru)(ru)指诸(zhu)掌,然无吏干。稍迁校(xiao)书(shu)(shu)(shu)郎(lang)。后出为(wei)(wei)县丞,遂(sui)得(de)下(xia)(xia)考,数岁不(bu)(bu)调。道(dao)衡(heng)为(wei)(wei)司(si)隶大(da)夫,遇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)东都尚书(shu)(shu)(shu)省,甚(shen)嗟愍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),遂(sui)奏为(wei)(wei)从事(shi)(shi)。因(yin)为(wei)(wei)齐王司(si)马李纲曰:“今(jin)日(ri)遂(sui)遇文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)博(bo),得(de)奏用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”以为(wei)(wei)欢(huan)笑。其(qi)(qi)见赏知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)音如(ru)(ru)(ru)此(ci)。在(zai)洛下(xia)(xia),曾诣房玄(xuan)龄(ling),相送于(yu)(yu)衢路(lu)。玄(xuan)龄(ling)谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰:“公生平志尚,唯在(zai)正直(zhi),今(jin)既得(de)为(wei)(wei)从事(shi)(shi),故(gu)应有(you)会(hui)素心(xin)(xin)。比来激(ji)浊扬清(qing),所(suo)为(wei)(wei)多少?”文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)博(bo)遂(sui)奋臂厉(li)声曰:“夫清(qing)其(qi)(qi)流(liu)者必(bi)洁其(qi)(qi)源(yuan)(yuan),正其(qi)(qi)末者须(xu)端其(qi)(qi)本。今(jin)治源(yuan)(yuan)混乱,虽日(ri)免十(shi)贪郡守(shou),亦何所(suo)益!”其(qi)(qi)瞽直(zhi)疾恶(e),不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)忌(ji)讳,皆此(ci)类也。于(yu)(yu)时(shi)朝政(zheng)浸坏,人多赃(zang)贿,唯文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)博(bo)不(bu)(bu)改其(qi)(qi)操(cao),论者以此(ci)贵(gui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。遭离乱播迁,不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)终。

初,文(wen)博(bo)在内(nei)校(xiao)书,虞(yu)世(shi)基(ji)子(zi)亦在其(qi)内(nei),盛饰(shi)容(rong)服(fu),而未有所(suo)却。文(wen)博(bo)因从容(rong)问之(zhi)年纪(ji),答云:“十八。”文(wen)博(bo)乃谓之(zhi)曰(yue):“昔(xi)贾谊(yi)当此之(zhi)年,议论(lun)何(he)事(shi)?君今徒事(shi)仪容(rong),故(gu)何(he)为者!”又秦(qin)孝王妃(fei)生男,高祖大喜,颁赐群官(guan)各有差。文(wen)博(bo)家道屡空(kong),人谓其(qi)悦,乃云:“赏(shang)(shang)罚(fa)(fa)之(zhi)设,功过所(suo)归,今王妃(fei)生男,于(yu)群官(guan)何(he)事(shi),乃妄受赏(shang)(shang)也!”其(qi)循名(ming)责实(shi),录(lu)过计功,必使赏(shang)(shang)罚(fa)(fa)不(bu)滥,功过无隐(yin)者皆尔(er)。文(wen)博(bo)本为经学,后(hou)读(du)史(shi)书,于(yu)诸子(zi)及论(lun)尤所(suo)该洽。性长议论(lun),亦善属文(wen),著(zhu)《治(zhi)道集(ji)》十卷(juan),大行(xing)于(yu)世(shi)。

史臣曰:明克让、魏澹等,或博学洽闻,词藻赡逸,既称燕赵之俊,实曰东南之美。所在见宝,咸取禄位,虽无往非命,盖亦道有存焉。澹之《魏书》,时称简正,条例详密,足传于后。此外诸子,各有记述,虽道或小大,皆志在立言,美矣。

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