志第十三 律历下
开皇(huang)二(er)十年,袁充奏日长(zhang)影短,高祖因以历事付皇(huang)太(tai)(tai)子(zi),遣(qian)更研详著(zhu)日长(zhang)之(zhi)(zhi)候(hou)。太(tai)(tai)子(zi)征天下历算之(zhi)(zhi)士(shi),咸(xian)集(ji)于东宫。刘焯(zhuo)(zhuo)以太(tai)(tai)子(zi)新立,复(fu)增修其(qi)书,名曰《皇(huang)极(ji)历》,驳正(zheng)胄玄(xuan)(xuan)之(zhi)(zhi)短。太(tai)(tai)子(zi)颇嘉(jia)之(zhi)(zhi),未(wei)获考验(yan)。焯(zhuo)(zhuo)为太(tai)(tai)学(xue)博士(shi),负其(qi)精博,志解胄玄(xuan)(xuan)之(zhi)(zhi)印,官不满意,又称疾罢归。至(zhi)仁寿四年,焯(zhuo)(zhuo)言(yan)胄玄(xuan)(xuan)之(zhi)(zhi)误于皇(huang)太(tai)(tai)子(zi):
其(qi)一(yi)曰(yue),张胄玄所(suo)上(shang)见(jian)行(xing)历,日月交食,星度见(jian)留,虽未尽善(shan),得其(qi)大(da)较,官(guan)至五品,诚无所(suo)愧。但因人成事,非其(qi)实录,就而讨论,违舛甚众。
其(qi)二曰,胄玄弦望晦朔,违(wei)古(gu)且疏,气(qi)节闰候,乖天爽(shuang)命。时不(bu)(bu)从子半,晨前别为后(hou)日(ri)(ri)。日(ri)(ri)躔莫悟缓(huan)急,月(yue)逡妄(wang)为两种(zhong),月(yue)度之转,辄遗盈缩(suo),交会之际,意(yi)造气(qi)差。七曜(yao)之行,不(bu)(bu)循其(qi)道,月(yue)星之度,行无(wu)出入,应(ying)黄(huang)反赤(chi),当近更远(yuan),亏食乖准(zhun),阴阳无(wu)法。星端(duan)不(bu)(bu)协(xie),珠璧不(bu)(bu)同,盈缩(suo)失伦,行度愆序。去极(ji)晷漏,应(ying)有而无(wu),食分先(xian)后(hou),弥为烦碎(sui)。测今不(bu)(bu)审,考古(gu)莫通(tong),立术之疏,不(bu)(bu)可纪极(ji)。今随事纠(jiu)驳,凡五百三十六条。
其三曰,胄(zhou)(zhou)玄以(yi)开皇(huang)五(wu)年(nian),与李(li)文(wen)琮于张宾历(li)(li)行之(zhi)(zhi)后,本(ben)(ben)州贡举(ju),即赍所造历(li)(li)拟(ni)以(yi)上应。其历(li)(li)在乡阳流(liu)布,散写甚(shen)(shen)多,今所见行,与焯(zhuo)前历(li)(li)不异。玄前拟(ni)献,年(nian)将六(liu)十(shi),非是(shi)忽(hu)迫仓卒始为,何故至京未(wei)几,即变同(tong)焯(zhuo)历(li)(li),与旧悬殊?焯(zhuo)作于前,玄献于后,舍(she)己从人,异同(tong)暗会。且孝(xiao)孙(sun)因焯(zhuo),胄(zhou)(zhou)玄后附(fu)孝(xiao)孙(sun),历(li)(li)术之(zhi)(zhi)文(wen),又(you)皆是(shi)孝(xiao)孙(sun)所作,则(ze)元(yuan)本(ben)(ben)偷窃,事(shi)甚(shen)(shen)分明。恐胄(zhou)(zhou)玄推讳,故依前历(li)(li)为驳,凡七十(shi)五(wu)条,并(bing)前历(li)(li)本(ben)(ben)俱上。
其四曰,玄为(wei)史官,自奏亏食,前后(hou)所上(shang),多与历违,今算(suan)其乖舛有一十(shi)三事。又前与太史令刘晖等校其疏密五十(shi)四事,云五十(shi)三条新。计后(hou)为(wei)历应密于旧,见用算(suan)推,更(geng)疏于本。今纠发并前,凡四十(shi)四条。
其五曰,胄玄于历,未为精通。然孝孙(sun)初造(zao),皆有意,徵(zhi)天推步,事必出生(sheng),不(bu)是空文,徒(tu)为臆断(duan)。
其(qi)六曰(yue),焯以开皇三(san)年,奉敕修造,顾循记注,自(zi)许(xu)精微,秦汉以来,无所(suo)(suo)与让。寻圣(sheng)人之迹(ji),悟曩(nang)哲之心,测(ce)七曜(yao)之行,得三(san)光之度,正诸(zhu)气朔(shuo),成一(yi)历象,会通(tong)今古(gu),符允经(jing)传,稽(ji)于庶(shu)类,信而(er)有徵。胄玄(xuan)所(suo)(suo)违,焯法皆(jie)合,胄玄(xuan)所(suo)(suo)阙,今则尽有,隐括(kuo)始终,谓(wei)为总备。
仍上启曰:“自木(mu)铎寝(qin)声,绪言成烬,群生荡析,诸夏沸腾,曲(qu)技云浮,畴官雨绝,历纪废坏,千(qian)百年矣。焯以庸鄙,谬荷(he)甄擢(zhuo),专精艺业,耽(dan)玩(wan)数象,自力(li)群儒之下(xia),冀睹圣人之意。开皇(huang)之初,奉敕(chi)修撰(zhuan),性不谐物,功不克终,犹被胄玄(xuan)窃为己法,未能尽妙,协(xie)时多爽,尸(shi)官乱日,实玷皇(huang)猷。请征胄玄(xuan)答,验其长(zhang)短。”
焯(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)又造历(li)家同异,名曰《稽(ji)极》。大业(ye)元年,著作郎王邵、诸葛颍二人,因入侍宴(yan),言(yan)刘焯(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)善历(li),推步精(jing)审,证引(yin)阳明。帝(di)曰:“知之(zhi)久(jiu)矣。”仍下其书与胄玄(xuan)参(can)校。胄玄(xuan)驳(bo)难(nan)云:“焯(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)历(li)有(you)岁率(lv)(lv)、月(yue)率(lv)(lv),而立定(ding)朔,月(yue)有(you)三大、三小(xiao)(xiao)。案岁率(lv)(lv)、月(yue)率(lv)(lv)者(zhe)(zhe),平朔之(zhi)章岁、章月(yue)也(ye)。以(yi)平朔之(zhi)率(lv)(lv)而求定(ding)朔,值三小(xiao)(xiao)者(zhe)(zhe),犹(you)以(yi)减三五(wu)为十四;值三大者(zhe)(zhe),增三五(wu)为十六也(ye)。校其理实,并非(fei)十五(wu)之(zhi)正。故张衡及何承天(tian)创有(you)此意(yi),为难(nan)者(zhe)(zhe)执数以(yi)校其率(lv)(lv),率(lv)(lv)皆自败,故不(bu)克成。今(jin)焯(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)为定(ding)朔,则须(xu)除其平率(lv)(lv),然后为可。”互相(xiang)驳(bo)难(nan),是(shi)非(fei)不(bu)决,焯(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)又罢归。
四(si)年,驾(jia)幸(xing)汾阳(yang)宫,太史奏曰(yue):“日食(shi)无效。”帝召焯,欲(yu)行(xing)其(qi)历。袁(yuan)允方幸(xing)于(yu)帝,左(zuo)右胄(zhou)玄,共排(pai)焯历,又会焯死,历竟不(bu)行(xing)。术士咸(xian)称其(qi)妙(miao),故录其(qi)术云。甲(jia)(jia)子元,距大隋仁寿四(si)年甲(jia)(jia)子积一百万八千八百四(si)十算(suan)。
岁率,六百七十六。
月率,八千三百六十一(yi)。
朔日(ri)法,千(qian)二百四十(shi)二。
朔(shuo)实,三万六千(qian)六百七(qi)十七(qi)。
旬周,六十。
朔辰,百三半。
日干元,五十二。
日限,十一。
盈泛,十六。
亏总,十七。
推经朔术:
置入元距所(suo)求(qiu)年,月率乘(cheng)之,如岁率而一(yi)(yi),为(wei)积月,不满为(wei)闰衰。朔实乘(cheng)积月,满朔日(ri)法(fa)得一(yi)(yi),为(wei)积日(ri),不满为(wei)朔余。旬周去积日(ri),不尽为(wei)日(ri),即所(suo)求(qiu)年天正经朔日(ri)及余。
求上下(xia)弦(xian)、望(wang)(wang):加(jia)经朔(shuo)日(ri)七、余(yu)四(si)百(bai)七十(shi)(shi)五小,即上弦(xian)经日(ri)及余(yu)。又加(jia)得望(wang)(wang)、下(xia)弦(xian)及后月(yue)朔(shuo)。就径(jing)求望(wang)(wang)者,加(jia)日(ri)十(shi)(shi)四(si)、余(yu)九(jiu)百(bai)五十(shi)(shi)半;下(xia)弦(xian)加(jia)日(ri)二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)、余(yu)百(bai)八十(shi)(shi)三大;后月(yue)朔(shuo)加(jia)日(ri)二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)九(jiu),余(yu)六百(bai)五十(shi)(shi)九(jiu)。每月(yue)加(jia)闰(run)衰二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)大,即各其月(yue)闰(run)衰也。
凡月(yue)建(jian)(jian)子(zi)(zi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)正(zheng)(zheng),建(jian)(jian)丑为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)地(di)正(zheng)(zheng),建(jian)(jian)寅为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人正(zheng)(zheng)。即以(yi)(yi)人正(zheng)(zheng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)月(yue),统求(qiu)所(suo)(suo)起,本(ben)于(yu)(yu)天(tian)正(zheng)(zheng)。若(ruo)建(jian)(jian)岁历从(cong)(cong)(cong)正(zheng)(zheng)月(yue)始(shi),气(qi)、候、月(yue)、星,所(suo)(suo)值节度(du)(du)(du),虽有(you)前(qian)却,并(bing)(bing)亦(yi)随之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)前(qian)地(di)正(zheng)(zheng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)二(er)月(yue),天(tian)正(zheng)(zheng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)一(yi)月(yue),并(bing)(bing)诸气(qi)度(du)(du)(du)皆(jie)(jie)属往(wang)年。其(qi)(qi)(qi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)初,亦(yi)从(cong)(cong)(cong)星起,晨前(qian)多少,俱归(gui)昨日(ri)(ri)(ri)。若(ruo)气(qi)在夜半之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),量影(ying)以(yi)(yi)后(hou)日(ri)(ri)(ri)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)。诸因(yin)加(jia)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),各(ge)以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)减(jian)(jian)法(fa)(fa),残者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)。若(ruo)所(suo)(suo)因(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)满(man)(man)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)以(yi)(yi)上,皆(jie)(jie)增(zeng)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)一(yi)而(er)加(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),减(jian)(jian)其(qi)(qi)(qi)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu);即因(yin)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)少于(yu)(yu)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),不(bu)(bu)(bu)增(zeng)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)加(jia),皆(jie)(jie)得所(suo)(suo)求(qiu)。分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)度(du)(du)(du)亦(yi)尔。凡日(ri)(ri)(ri)不(bu)(bu)(bu)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu),积以(yi)(yi)成(cheng)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)秒(miao)(miao);度(du)(du)(du)不(bu)(bu)(bu)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen),积以(yi)(yi)成(cheng)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)篾(mie)(mie);其(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng)秒(miao)(miao)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)麽(mo),不(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng)篾(mie)(mie)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)幺(yao)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)、余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、秒(miao)(miao)、篾(mie)(mie),皆(jie)(jie)一(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)小,二(er)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)半,三(san)(san)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大,四(si)(si)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan),加(jia)满(man)(man)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)从(cong)(cong)(cong)一(yi)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)三(san)(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),一(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)少,二(er)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)太(tai)。若(ruo)加(jia)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),秒(miao)(miao)篾(mie)(mie)成(cheng)法(fa)(fa),从(cong)(cong)(cong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)。分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)满(man)(man)法(fa)(fa)从(cong)(cong)(cong)日(ri)(ri)(ri)度(du)(du)(du)一(yi),日(ri)(ri)(ri)度(du)(du)(du)有(you)所(suo)(suo)满(man)(man),则(ze)从(cong)(cong)(cong)去(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。而(er)日(ri)(ri)(ri)命以(yi)(yi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)辰者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),满(man)(man)旬(xun)周则(ze)亦(yi)除(chu)(chu);命有(you)连分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)、余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、秒(miao)(miao)、篾(mie)(mie)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),亦(yi)随全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)而(er)从(cong)(cong)(cong)去(qu)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)度(du)(du)(du)虽满(man)(man),而(er)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)秒(miao)(miao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)满(man)(man)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),未可从(cong)(cong)(cong)去(qu),仍依本(ben)数(shu)(shu)(shu)。若(ruo)减(jian)(jian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),秒(miao)(miao)篾(mie)(mie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足,减(jian)(jian)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)一(yi),加(jia)法(fa)(fa)而(er)减(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi);分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足减(jian)(jian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),加(jia)所(suo)(suo)从(cong)(cong)(cong)去(qu)或前(qian)日(ri)(ri)(ri)度(du)(du)(du)乃减(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。即其(qi)(qi)(qi)名有(you)总(zong),而(er)日(ri)(ri)(ri)度(du)(du)(du)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)及(ji)(ji)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)共者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),须(xu)(xu)相加(jia)除(chu)(chu),当皆(jie)(jie)连全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)及(ji)(ji)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)共加(jia)除(chu)(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。若(ruo)须(xu)(xu)相乘,有(you)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),母必(bi)通(tong)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)内子(zi)(zi),乘讫报除(chu)(chu)。或分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)相并(bing)(bing),母不(bu)(bu)(bu)同者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),子(zi)(zi)乘而(er)并(bing)(bing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。母相乘为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)法(fa)(fa),其(qi)(qi)(qi)并(bing)(bing),满(man)(man)法(fa)(fa)从(cong)(cong)(cong)一(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan),此(ci)(ci)即齐同之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也。既除(chu)(chu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)而(er)有(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng),若(ruo)例有(you)秒(miao)(miao)篾(mie)(mie),法(fa)(fa)乘而(er)又法(fa)(fa)除(chu)(chu),得秒(miao)(miao)篾(mie)(mie)数(shu)(shu)(shu)。已为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)秒(miao)(miao)篾(mie)(mie)及(ji)(ji)正(zheng)(zheng)有(you)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu),而(er)所(suo)(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)复(fu)须(xu)(xu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),须(xu)(xu)过半从(cong)(cong)(cong)一(yi),无半弃之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。若(ruo)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)母不(bu)(bu)(bu)等(deng),须(xu)(xu)变相通(tong),以(yi)(yi)彼所(suo)(suo)法(fa)(fa)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)母乘此(ci)(ci)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu),而(er)此(ci)(ci)母除(chu)(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),得彼所(suo)(suo)须(xu)(xu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)。所(suo)(suo)有(you)秒(miao)(miao)篾(mie)(mie)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),亦(yi)法(fa)(fa)乘,不(bu)(bu)(bu)满(man)(man)此(ci)(ci)母,又除(chu)(chu)而(er)得其(qi)(qi)(qi)数(shu)(shu)(shu)。麽(mo)幺(yao)亦(yi)然。其(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)除(chu)(chu)去(qu)而(er)有(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)尽全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan),则(ze)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)尽,亦(yi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)不(bu)(bu)(bu)如。其(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan),全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)乃为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)满(man)(man)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)、余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、秒(miao)(miao)、篾(mie)(mie),更曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)不(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng)。凡以(yi)(yi)数(shu)(shu)(shu)相减(jian)(jian),而(er)有(you)小及(ji)(ji)半、太(tai)须(xu)(xu)相加(jia)减(jian)(jian),同于(yu)(yu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)法(fa)(fa)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),皆(jie)(jie)以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)母三(san)(san)四(si)(si)除(chu)(chu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)气(qi)度(du)(du)(du)日(ri)(ri)(ri)法(fa)(fa),以(yi)(yi)半及(ji)(ji)太(tai)、大本(ben)率二(er)三(san)(san)乘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),少、小即须(xu)(xu)因(yin)所(suo)(suo)除(chu)(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)数(shu)(shu)(shu)随其(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)而(er)加(jia)减(jian)(jian)焉。秋分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)后(hou)春分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)前(qian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)盈泛(fan),春分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)后(hou)秋分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)前(qian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)亏(kui)总(zong),须(xu)(xu)取其(qi)(qi)(qi)数(shu)(shu)(shu)。泛(fan)总(zong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)名,指用其(qi)(qi)(qi)时(shi),春分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主,亏(kui)日(ri)(ri)(ri)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)后(hou),盈日(ri)(ri)(ri)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)前(qian)。凡所(suo)(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)见,皆(jie)(jie)放于(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)。
气日法,四万六千(qian)六百四十(shi)四。
岁数,千七百(bai)(bai)三万六千四百(bai)(bai)六十六半。
度准,三百三十八。
约率,九。
气辰(chen),三(san)千八(ba)(ba)百八(ba)(ba)十七。
余通,八百九十七。
秒法,四十八。
麽法,五。
推气术:
半(ban)(ban)闰(run)衰乘朔(shuo)实(shi),又度(du)准乘朔(shuo)余(yu),加之(zhi),如约(yue)率而一(yi),所(suo)得满气日法为去经朔(shuo)日,不满为气余(yu)。以(yi)(yi)去经朔(shuo)日,即天(tian)正月冬至恆日定余(yu),乃加夜数之(zhi)半(ban)(ban)者(zhe),减(jian)日一(yi),满者(zhe)因前,皆为定日。命日甲(jia)子(zi)算(suan)(suan)外,即定冬至日。其余(yu)如半(ban)(ban)气辰(chen)(chen)千九百四十三半(ban)(ban)以(yi)(yi)下者(zhe),为气加子(zi)半(ban)(ban)后也;过以(yi)(yi)上,先加此数,乃气辰(chen)(chen)而一(yi),命以(yi)(yi)辰(chen)(chen)算(suan)(suan)外,即气所(suo)在辰(chen)(chen)。十二辰(chen)(chen)外,为子(zi)初以(yi)(yi)后余(yu)也。又十二乘辰(chen)(chen)余(yu):
四为(wei)小太,亦(yi)曰少;五为(wei)半步;六(liu)为(wei)半;
七为半太;八为大(da)少,亦(yi)曰太;九为太;
十(shi)为(wei)大太;十(shi)一为(wei)穷辰少。
其又不(bu)成法者(zhe)(zhe),半以(yi)上为进,以(yi)下为退(tui)。退(tui)以(yi)配前为强,进以(yi)配后(hou)为弱。即初(chu)不(bu)成一(yi)(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)有退(tui)者(zhe)(zhe),谓之沾(zhan)辰(chen);初(chu)成十一(yi)(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)有进者(zhe)(zhe),谓之穷(qiong)辰(chen)。未旦其名有重者(zhe)(zhe),则于间可以(yi)加(jia)之,命辰(chen)通(tong)用其余,辨日(ri)(ri)(ri)分辰(chen)而(er)(er)判诸日(ri)(ri)(ri)。因别亦皆准此(ci)。因冬至有减日(ri)(ri)(ri)者(zhe)(zhe),还加(jia)之。每加(jia)日(ri)(ri)(ri)十五、余万一(yi)(yi)(yi)百九十二(er)、秒(miao)三(san)十七,即各次气(qi)(qi)恆(heng)日(ri)(ri)(ri)及余。诸月(yue)齐其闰衰,如求冬至法,亦即其月(yue)中气(qi)(qi)恆(heng)日(ri)(ri)(ri)去(qu)经朔数(shu)。其求后(hou)月(yue)节气(qi)(qi)恆(heng)日(ri)(ri)(ri),如次之求前节者(zhe)(zhe)减之。
推每日迟速数术:
见求所在(zai)气(qi)(qi)陟(zhi)降(jiang)率(lv)(lv),并后气(qi)(qi)率(lv)(lv)半(ban)之(zhi),以(yi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)限乘(cheng)而泛(fan)总(zong)(zong)除,得气(qi)(qi)末(mo)率(lv)(lv)。又日(ri)(ri)(ri)限乘(cheng)二(er)率(lv)(lv)相减之(zhi)残,泛(fan)总(zong)(zong)除,为总(zong)(zong)差(cha)(cha)。其(qi)(qi)总(zong)(zong)差(cha)(cha)亦日(ri)(ri)(ri)限乘(cheng)而泛(fan)总(zong)(zong)除,为别(bie)差(cha)(cha)。率(lv)(lv)前(qian)少者(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)总(zong)(zong)差(cha)(cha)减末(mo)率(lv)(lv),为初率(lv)(lv),乃别(bie)差(cha)(cha)加之(zhi);前(qian)多者(zhe)(zhe),即以(yi)总(zong)(zong)差(cha)(cha)加末(mo)率(lv)(lv),皆为气(qi)(qi)初日(ri)(ri)(ri)陟(zhi)降(jiang)数(shu)(shu)。以(yi)别(bie)差(cha)(cha)前(qian)多者(zhe)(zhe)日(ri)(ri)(ri)减,前(qian)少者(zhe)(zhe)日(ri)(ri)(ri)加初数(shu)(shu),得每(mei)日(ri)(ri)(ri)数(shu)(shu)。所历(li)推(tui)定(ding)气(qi)(qi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)随算(suan)其(qi)(qi)数(shu)(shu),陟(zhi)加、降(jiang)减其(qi)(qi)迟速(su),为各迟速(su)数(shu)(shu)。其(qi)(qi)后气(qi)(qi)无(wu)同率(lv)(lv)及(ji)有数(shu)(shu)同者(zhe)(zhe),皆因前(qian)末(mo),以(yi)末(mo)数(shu)(shu)为初率(lv)(lv),加总(zong)(zong)差(cha)(cha)为末(mo)率(lv)(lv),及(ji)差(cha)(cha)渐加初率(lv)(lv),为每(mei)日(ri)(ri)(ri)数(shu)(shu),通计其(qi)(qi)秒,调(diao)而御之(zhi)。
求月(yue)朔(shuo)弦望(wang)应平(ping)会日(ri)所入(ru)迟速:各(ge)置其(qi)(qi)经(jing)余为辰,以(yi)入(ru)气辰减(jian)(jian)(jian)之,乃(nai)(nai)日(ri)限(xian)(xian)(xian)乘(cheng)日(ri),日(ri)内辰为入(ru)限(xian)(xian)(xian),以(yi)乘(cheng)其(qi)(qi)气前(qian)多(duo)之末率(lv),前(qian)少(shao)(shao)之初率(lv),日(ri)限(xian)(xian)(xian)而一,为总(zong)率(lv)。其(qi)(qi)前(qian)多(duo)者(zhe),入(ru)限(xian)(xian)(xian)减(jian)(jian)(jian)泛总(zong)之残,乘(cheng)总(zong)差,泛总(zong)而一,为入(ru)差,并于总(zong)差,入(ru)限(xian)(xian)(xian)乘(cheng),倍日(ri)限(xian)(xian)(xian)除(chu),加(jia)以(yi)总(zong)率(lv);前(qian)少(shao)(shao)者(zhe),入(ru)限(xian)(xian)(xian)自乘(cheng)再乘(cheng)别(bie)差,日(ri)限(xian)(xian)(xian)自乘(cheng),倍而除(chu),亦加(jia)总(zong)率(lv),皆为总(zong)数(shu)。乃(nai)(nai)以(yi)陟加(jia)、降减(jian)(jian)(jian)其(qi)(qi)气迟速数(shu)为定,即速加(jia)、迟减(jian)(jian)(jian)其(qi)(qi)经(jing)余,各(ge)其(qi)(qi)月(yue)平(ping)会日(ri)所入(ru)迟速定日(ri)及余。
求每(mei)日所入(ru)先(xian)后:各置其(qi)气躔衰与衰总,皆以余通乘(cheng)之,所乃(nai)躔衰如陟降率;衰总如迟(chi)速(su)数,亦如求迟(chi)速(su)法,即(ji)得每(mei)所入(ru)先(xian)后及定数。
求定气(qi)(qi):其(qi)(qi)每日(ri)所入(ru)先(xian)后(hou)数即为(wei)气(qi)(qi)余(yu)(yu),其(qi)(qi)所历日(ri)皆(jie)以(yi)(yi)先(xian)加(jia)(jia)之(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)后(hou)减之(zhi)(zhi),随算其(qi)(qi)日(ri),通准(zhun)其(qi)(qi)余(yu)(yu),满一(yi)恆气(qi)(qi),即为(wei)二至后(hou)一(yi)气(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)数。以(yi)(yi)加(jia)(jia)二气(qi)(qi),如(ru)法用别其(qi)(qi)日(ri)而(er)命之(zhi)(zhi)。又(you)算其(qi)(qi)次,每相加(jia)(jia)命,各(ge)得其(qi)(qi)定气(qi)(qi)日(ri)及余(yu)(yu)也。亦以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)先(xian)后(hou)已通者,先(xian)减后(hou)加(jia)(jia)其(qi)(qi)恆气(qi)(qi),即次气(qi)(qi)定日(ri)及余(yu)(yu)。亦因别其(qi)(qi)日(ri),命以(yi)(yi)甲子,各(ge)得所求。
求土王:距四(si)(si)立各(ge)四(si)(si)气外(wai)所入先后加减,满(man)二(er)十二(er)日、余八千一百五十四(si)(si)、秒十、麽二(er)。除所满(man)日外(wai),即(ji)土始王日。
求(qiu)侯日(ri)(ri):定(ding)气(qi)(qi)即初候(hou)日(ri)(ri)也。三除(chu)恆(heng)气(qi)(qi),各为平候(hou)日(ri)(ri)。余亦以(yi)所入(ru)先(xian)后数为气(qi)(qi)余,所历之日(ri)(ri)皆以(yi)先(xian)加(jia)、后减,随(sui)计其日(ri)(ri),通准其余,每满其平,以(yi)加(jia)气(qi)(qi)日(ri)(ri)而命之,即得次(ci)候(hou)日(ri)(ri)。亦算其次(ci),每相(xiang)加(jia)命,又得末(mo)候(hou)及次(ci)气(qi)(qi)日(ri)(ri)。
倍(bei)夜(ye)半(ban)之漏(lou),得夜(ye)刻(ke)也。以减(jian)百刻(ke),不(bu)尽(jin)为(wei)昼刻(ke)。每减(jian)昼刻(ke)五(wu),以加夜(ye)刻(ke),即(ji)其(qi)昼为(wei)日(ri)见(jian)、夜(ye)为(wei)不(bu)见(jian)刻(ke)数。刻(ke)分以百为(wei)母。
求日(ri)出(chu)入(ru)辰刻(ke)(ke)(ke):十二除百刻(ke)(ke)(ke),得辰刻(ke)(ke)(ke)数(shu),为法。半不见刻(ke)(ke)(ke)以半辰加(jia)(jia)之,为日(ri)出(chu)实,又加(jia)(jia)日(ri)出(chu)见刻(ke)(ke)(ke),为日(ri)入(ru)实。如法而一,命子(zi)算外,即所在辰,不满法,为刻(ke)(ke)(ke)及分。
求辰前(qian)余数:气、朔日法乘(cheng)夜半刻,百而一,即其余也(ye)。
求每(mei)日(ri)(ri)刻(ke)差(cha):每(mei)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)准为十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)日(ri)(ri),全(quan)(quan)刻(ke)二(er)百(bai)二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)为法。其二(er)至(zhi)各(ge)前后(hou)于(yu)(yu)二(er)分,而(er)(er)(er)数(shu)因相加(jia)减(jian)(jian),间皆六(liu)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi);各(ge)尽(jin)于(yu)(yu)四立,为三气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。至(zhi)与(yu)前日(ri)(ri)为一(yi),乃每(mei)日(ri)(ri)增(zeng)(zeng)太(tai);又(you)各(ge)二(er)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),每(mei)日(ri)(ri)增(zeng)(zeng)少;其末(mo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),每(mei)日(ri)(ri)增(zeng)(zeng)少之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)小,而(er)(er)(er)末(mo)六(liu)日(ri)(ri),不(bu)加(jia)而(er)(er)(er)裁焉。二(er)望(wang)至(zhi)前后(hou)一(yi)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)末(mo)日(ri)(ri),终(zhong)于(yu)(yu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)少;二(er)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)初(chu)日(ri)(ri),稍增(zeng)(zeng)为十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)半(ban),终(zhong)于(yu)(yu)二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)太(tai),三气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)初(chu)日(ri)(ri),二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi),终(zhong)于(yu)(yu)三十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)少;四立初(chu)日(ri)(ri),三十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi),终(zhong)于(yu)(yu)三十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)太(tai);五(wu)(wu)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)亦少增(zeng)(zeng),初(chu)日(ri)(ri)三十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)太(tai),终(zhong)四十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)少;末(mo)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)初(chu)日(ri)(ri),四十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)少,终(zhong)于(yu)(yu)四十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)。每(mei)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)前后(hou)累(lei)算其数(shu),又(you)百(bai)八十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)乘为实,各(ge)泛总乘法而(er)(er)(er)除,得其刻(ke)差(cha)。随(sui)而(er)(er)(er)加(jia)减(jian)(jian)夜(ye)刻(ke)而(er)(er)(er)半(ban)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),各(ge)得入气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)夜(ye)定刻(ke)。其分后(hou)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)日(ri)(ri)外,累(lei)算尽(jin)日(ri)(ri),乃副置之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),百(bai)八十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)乘,亏(kui)总除,为其所因数(shu)。以减(jian)(jian)上位,不(bu)尽(jin)为所加(jia)也。不(bu)全(quan)(quan)日(ri)(ri)者(zhe),随(sui)辰率之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
求晨去中(zhong)星:加周度一(yi),各昏去中(zhong)星减之,不尽为晨去度。
求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)每(mei)日(ri)度(du)(du)差:准日(ri)因增加裁,累算所得(de),百四十三之(zhi),四百而(er)(er)一,亦(yi)(yi)百八(ba)十乘,泛(fan)总除,为度(du)(du)差数(shu)。满转法为度(du)(du),随日(ri)加减,各得(de)所求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)。分后(hou)(hou)气(qi)间(jian),亦(yi)(yi)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)准外与前求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)刻,至(zhi)前加减,皆因日(ri)数(shu)逆算求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)之(zhi)。亦(yi)(yi)可因至(zhi)向背其刻,冬减夏(xia)加,而(er)(er)度(du)(du)冬加夏(xia)减。若至(zhi)前,以(yi)入(ru)气(qi)减气(qi)间(jian),不(bu)尽(jin)者(zhe),因后(hou)(hou)气(qi)而(er)(er)反(fan)之(zhi),以(yi)不(bu)尽(jin)日(ri)累算乘除所定,从(cong)后(hou)(hou)气(qi)而(er)(er)逆以(yi)加减,皆得(de)其数(shu)。此但略(lve)校其总,若精存于《稽极》云。
转终日,二十七;余(yu),千(qian)二百五十五。
终法,二(er)千二(er)百六(liu)十三。
终实,六万二(er)千三(san)百五十六。
终全余,千八。
转法,五十二。
篾法,八百九十七。
闰限,六百七十六。
推入转术:终实(shi)去(qu)积日(ri),不(bu)尽,以终法乘而又去(qu),不(bu)如终实(shi)者,满终法得一(yi)日(ri),满为余,即其年(nian)天正经朔夜半入转日(ri)及余。
求(qiu)次日:加一日,每(mei)日满转终则去之(zhi),其二十八(ba)日者加全余为(wei)夜半入初(chu)日余。
求(qiu)弦望(wang):皆(jie)因朔加其经(jing)日(ri)(ri),各得夜半所入日(ri)(ri)余(yu)。
求次月:加大月二日,小月一日,皆及全余,亦其夜半所(suo)入。
求(qiu)经(jing)辰(chen)所入朔(shuo)弦望(wang)(wang):经(jing)余(yu)变(bian)从转,不成(cheng)为秒(miao)(miao)(miao),加其(qi)夜半所入,皆其(qi)辰(chen)入日(ri)及余(yu)。因朔(shuo)辰(chen)所入,每加日(ri)七(qi)、余(yu)八百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)六(liu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)、秒(miao)(miao)(miao)千(qian)一百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)六(liu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da),秒(miao)(miao)(miao)满日(ri)法成(cheng)余(yu),亦得上弦。望(wang)(wang)、下弦、次(ci)朔(shuo)经(jing)辰(chen)所入径求(qiu)者(zhe),加望(wang)(wang)日(ri)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)、余(yu)千(qian)七(qi)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)三(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一、秒(miao)(miao)(miao)千(qian)七(qi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九半,下弦日(ri)二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)、余(yu)三(san)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)三(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)、秒(miao)(miao)(miao)九百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)九十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八小(xiao),次(ci)朔(shuo)日(ri)一、余(yu)二(er)(er)千(qian)二(er)(er)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)八、秒(miao)(miao)(miao)九百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)一十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七(qi)。亦朔(shuo)望(wang)(wang)各增日(ri)一,减(jian)其(qi)全余(yu),望(wang)(wang)五(wu)(wu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)三(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一、秒(miao)(miao)(miao)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)六(liu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)半,朔(shuo)五(wu)(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)、秒(miao)(miao)(miao)三(san)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)。
求月(yue)平(ping)应会(hui)日所(suo)入:以月(yue)朔弦望会(hui)日所(suo)入迟(chi)速定(ding)数,亦变从转余,乃速加、迟(chi)减其经(jing)辰所(suo)入余,即各平(ping)会(hui)所(suo)入日余。
推朔弦望定日术:
各(ge)以(yi)月平(ping)会(hui)所(suo)(suo)(suo)入(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)日(ri)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)限(xian),限(xian)并(bing)(bing)后(hou)(hou)(hou)限(xian)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)半之(zhi)(zhi),为(wei)通率(lv);又二(er)限(xian)相减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),为(wei)限(xian)衰(shuai)(shuai)。前(qian)多(duo)(duo)者(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)入(ru)余(yu)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)终法(fa)(fa),残乘限(xian)衰(shuai)(shuai),终法(fa)(fa)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),并(bing)(bing)于限(xian)衰(shuai)(shuai)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)半之(zhi)(zhi);前(qian)少者(zhe)(zhe),半入(ru)余(yu)乘限(xian)衰(shuai)(shuai),亦(yi)终法(fa)(fa)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)限(xian)衰(shuai)(shuai)。皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)通率(lv),入(ru)余(yu)乘之(zhi)(zhi),日(ri)法(fa)(fa)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),所(suo)(suo)(suo)得(de)为(wei)平(ping)会(hui)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)限(xian)数(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)限(xian)数(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)又别从转(zhuan)余(yu)为(wei)变余(yu),朓(tiao)(tiao)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、朒加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)本入(ru)余(yu)。限(xian)前(qian)多(duo)(duo)者(zhe)(zhe),朓(tiao)(tiao)以(yi)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)与(yu)未(wei)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),朒以(yi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)与(yu)未(wei)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia),皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)终法(fa)(fa),并(bing)(bing)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)半之(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)乘限(xian)衰(shuai)(shuai);前(qian)少者(zhe)(zhe),亦(yi)朓(tiao)(tiao)朒各(ge)并(bing)(bing)二(er)入(ru)余(yu),半之(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)乘限(xian)衰(shuai)(shuai);皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)终法(fa)(fa)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)于通率(lv),变余(yu)乘之(zhi)(zhi),日(ri)法(fa)(fa)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。所(suo)(suo)(suo)得(de)以(yi)朓(tiao)(tiao)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、朒加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)限(xian)数(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)朓(tiao)(tiao)朒积(ji)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)定(ding)朓(tiao)(tiao)朒。乃朓(tiao)(tiao)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、朒加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)其(qi)(qi)(qi)平(ping)会(hui)日(ri)所(suo)(suo)(suo)入(ru)余(yu),满(man)若(ruo)(ruo)不(bu)(bu)足进退之(zhi)(zhi),即(ji)朔(shuo)弦望(wang)定(ding)日(ri)及余(yu)。不(bu)(bu)满(man)晨前(qian)数(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)者(zhe)(zhe),借减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)日(ri)算(suan)(suan),命甲子算(suan)(suan)外,各(ge)其(qi)(qi)(qi)日(ri)也。不(bu)(bu)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)与(yu)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),朔(shuo)日(ri)立(li)算(suan)(suan)与(yu)后(hou)(hou)(hou)月同(tong)。若(ruo)(ruo)俱无(wu)立(li)算(suan)(suan)者(zhe)(zhe),月大,其(qi)(qi)(qi)定(ding)朔(shuo)算(suan)(suan)后(hou)(hou)(hou)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)所(suo)(suo)(suo)借减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)算(suan)(suan)。闰衰(shuai)(shuai)限(xian)满(man)闰限(xian),定(ding)朔(shuo)无(wu)中气者(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)闰,满(man)之(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)后(hou)(hou)(hou),在分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)前(qian)若(ruo)(ruo)近春(chun)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)后(hou)(hou)(hou)、秋分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)前(qian),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)或(huo)月有二(er)中者(zhe)(zhe),皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)量置(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)朔(shuo),不(bu)(bu)必依(yi)定(ding)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)无(wu)同(tong)限(xian)者(zhe)(zhe),亦(yi)因前(qian)多(duo)(duo)以(yi)通率(lv)数(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)为(wei)半衰(shuai)(shuai)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi),二(er)前(qian)少,即(ji)为(wei)通率(lv)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)变余(yu)进退日(ri)者(zhe)(zhe),分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)为(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)日(ri),随(sui)余(yu)初(chu)(chu)末(mo)(mo)如法(fa)(fa)求(qiu)(qiu)之(zhi)(zhi),所(suo)(suo)(suo)得(de)并(bing)(bing)以(yi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)限(xian)数(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。凡分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)余(yu)秒篾(mie),事非因旧,文不(bu)(bu)著母者(zhe)(zhe),皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)十(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)法(fa)(fa)。若(ruo)(ruo)法(fa)(fa)当求(qiu)(qiu)数(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),用(yong)相加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)更不(bu)(bu)过(guo)通远,率(lv)少数(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)微者(zhe)(zhe),则不(bu)(bu)须算(suan)(suan)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)入(ru)七(qi)日(ri)余(yu)二(er)千一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),十(shi)(shi)(shi)四日(ri)余(yu)千七(qi)百五十(shi)(shi)(shi)九,二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)日(ri)余(yu)千五百七(qi),二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)日(ri)始终余(yu)以(yi)下为(wei)初(chu)(chu)数(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),各(ge)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)终法(fa)(fa)以(yi)上为(wei)末(mo)(mo)数(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)初(chu)(chu)末(mo)(mo)数(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)相返,其(qi)(qi)(qi)要各(ge)为(wei)九分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen),初(chu)(chu)则七(qi)日(ri)八(ba)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen),十(shi)(shi)(shi)四日(ri)七(qi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen),二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)日(ri)六分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen),二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)日(ri)五分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen);末(mo)(mo)则七(qi)日(ri)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen),十(shi)(shi)(shi)四日(ri)二(er)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen),二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)日(ri)三分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen),二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)日(ri)四分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)。虽初(chu)(chu)稍弱(ruo)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)末(mo)(mo)微强,余(yu)差止(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),理势兼举,皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)今有转(zhuan)差,各(ge)随(sui)其(qi)(qi)(qi)数(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。若(ruo)(ruo)恆(heng)(heng)(heng)算(suan)(suan)所(suo)(suo)(suo)求(qiu)(qiu),七(qi)日(ri)与(yu)二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)日(ri)得(de)初(chu)(chu)衰(shuai)(shuai)数(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)末(mo)(mo)初(chu)(chu)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)隐而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)显(xian)(xian),且(qie)数(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)与(yu)平(ping)行正等。亦(yi)初(chu)(chu)末(mo)(mo)有数(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)恆(heng)(heng)(heng)算(suan)(suan)所(suo)(suo)(suo)无(wu),其(qi)(qi)(qi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)四日(ri)、二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)日(ri)既初(chu)(chu)末(mo)(mo)数(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)存,而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)虚衰(shuai)(shuai)亦(yi)显(xian)(xian),其(qi)(qi)(qi)数(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)当去(qu),恆(heng)(heng)(heng)法(fa)(fa)不(bu)(bu)见。
求朔弦望之辰所加:
定余半朔辰(chen)五(wu)十(shi)一大(da)以(yi)下,为(wei)加(jia)子(zi)过;以(yi)上,加(jia)此数,乃朔辰(chen)而一,亦命(ming)以(yi)子(zi),十(shi)二算外,又加(jia)子(zi)初。以(yi)后其求入辰(chen)强弱,如(ru)气。
求入辰法度:
度法,四万六(liu)千六(liu)百(bai)四十四。
周数,千七百三万七千七十(shi)六(liu)。
周分,万二(er)千一十六。
转,十三。
篾,三百五十五。
周差,六百九半。
在日谓(wei)之(zhi)余通,在度谓(wei)之(zhi)篾(mie)法(fa),亦(yi)气为(wei)(wei)日法(fa)、为(wei)(wei)度法(fa),随(sui)事名异,其数(shu)本同(tong)。女(nv)末接虚(xu),谓(wei)之(zhi)周分。变周从转,谓(wei)之(zhi)转。晨昏所距(ju)日在黄(huang)道中,准度赤道计之(zhi)。
斗二十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六 牛八 女十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二 虚(xu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi) 危十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七 室(shi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六 壁九
北方玄武七宿(su),九十八(ba)度(du)。
奎十六(liu) 娄十二 胃(wei)十四 昴十一 毕十六(liu) 觜(zui)二 参九(jiu)
西方白虎七(qi)宿(su),八十度。
井三十(shi)三 鬼四 柳十(shi)五 星七 张十(shi)八(ba) 翼十(shi)八(ba) 轸十(shi)七
南方硃(zhu)雀七宿,百一十(shi)二(er)度。
角(jiao)十二(er) 亢九(jiu) 氐十五(wu) 房(fang)五(wu) 心五(wu) 尾十八 箕十一
东(dong)方苍龙七宿(su),七十五(wu)度。
前皆(jie)赤(chi)道(dao)度(du),其数常定,纮带天中,仪极攸准。
推黄道术:
准冬至所在(zai)为赤(chi)道度(du)(du)(du)(du),后(hou)于赤(chi)道四度(du)(du)(du)(du)为限(xian)。初(chu)数(shu)九(jiu)(jiu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)七(qi)(qi),每(mei)限(xian)增一,以(yi)终(zhong)(zhong)百(bai)(bai)七(qi)(qi)。其(qi)三(san)度(du)(du)(du)(du)少(shao)(shao)弱(ruo),平。乃初(chu)限(xian)百(bai)(bai)九(jiu)(jiu),亦(yi)每(mei)限(xian)增一,终(zhong)(zhong)百(bai)(bai)一十(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu),春(chun)分所在(zai)。因百(bai)(bai)一十(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)每(mei)限(xian)损一,又终(zhong)(zhong)百(bai)(bai)九(jiu)(jiu)。亦(yi)三(san)度(du)(du)(du)(du)少(shao)(shao)弱(ruo),平。乃初(chu)限(xian)百(bai)(bai)七(qi)(qi),每(mei)限(xian)损一,终(zhong)(zhong)九(jiu)(jiu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)七(qi)(qi),夏(xia)至所在(zai)。又加(jia)冬至后(hou)法(fa),得秋分、冬至所在(zai)数(shu)。各(ge)以(yi)数(shu)乘其(qi)限(xian)度(du)(du)(du)(du),百(bai)(bai)八而一,累而总之,即(ji)皆黄道度(du)(du)(du)(du)也(ye)。度(du)(du)(du)(du)有(you)分者,前后(hou)辈之,宿有(you)前却(que),度(du)(du)(du)(du)亦(yi)依体,数(shu)逐差(cha)迁,道不常定,准令为度(du)(du)(du)(du),见步天行,岁久差(cha)多,随(sui)术而变(bian)。
斗二(er)十(shi)(shi)四(si) 牛七 女十(shi)(shi)一半 虚十(shi)(shi) 危十(shi)(shi)七 室十(shi)(shi)七 壁十(shi)(shi)
北方九十六度半。
奎十(shi)七 娄十(shi)三 胃十(shi)五 昴(mao)十(shi)一 毕十(shi)五半 觜二 参九(jiu)
西方八十二度半。
井三(san)十(shi)(shi) 鬼四 柳十(shi)(shi)四半 星七 张十(shi)(shi)七 翼十(shi)(shi)九 轸十(shi)(shi)八
南方一百九度半。
角(jiao)十(shi)三 亢十(shi) 氐(di)十(shi)六 房五 心五尾十(shi)七 箕十(shi)半
东方七十六度半。
前(qian)皆黄(huang)道度,步日所行。月与五星出入,循此。
推月道所行度术:
准(zhun)(zhun)交(jiao)定(ding)前(qian)后(hou)所在(zai)度(du)(du)半之,亦(yi)于(yu)赤(chi)(chi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)四(si)度(du)(du)为限,初(chu)十一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),每(mei)限损(sun)(sun)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),以终(zhong)于(yu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。其(qi)(qi)三度(du)(du)强(qiang),平(ping)。乃初(chu)限数一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),每(mei)限增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),亦(yi)终(zhong)十一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),为交(jiao)所在(zai)。即(ji)因(yin)十一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),每(mei)限损(sun)(sun)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),以终(zhong)于(yu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。亦(yi)三度(du)(du)强(qiang),平(ping)。又初(chu)限数一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),每(mei)限增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),终(zhong)于(yu)十一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),复至(zhi)交(jiao)半,返前(qian)表(biao)(biao)(biao)里(li)。仍因(yin)十一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)损(sun)(sun),如道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)得后(hou)交(jiao)及(ji)交(jiao)半数。各(ge)积其(qi)(qi)数,百八十而一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),即(ji)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)所行(xing)每(mei)与黄(huang)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)差数。其(qi)(qi)月在(zai)表(biao)(biao)(biao),半后(hou)交(jiao)前(qian),损(sun)(sun)减(jian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加;交(jiao)后(hou)半前(qian),损(sun)(sun)加增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)减(jian)于(yu)黄(huang)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)。其(qi)(qi)月在(zai)里(li),各(ge)返之,即(ji)得月道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)所行(xing)度(du)(du)。其(qi)(qi)限未尽四(si)度(du)(du),以所直(zhi)行(xing)数乖入度(du)(du),四(si)而一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。若月在(zai)黄(huang)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)度(du)(du),增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)损(sun)(sun)于(yu)黄(huang)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)之表(biao)(biao)(biao)里(li),不(bu)正当于(yu)其(qi)(qi)极(ji),可每(mei)日准(zhun)(zhun)去黄(huang)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)度(du)(du),增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)损(sun)(sun)于(yu)黄(huang)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao),而计(ji)去赤(chi)(chi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)之远近(jin),准(zhun)(zhun)上黄(huang)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)之率以求之,遁伏相消,朓(tiao)朒互补,则(ze)可知也。积交(jiao)差多,随交(jiao)为正。其(qi)(qi)五星先候,在(zai)月表(biao)(biao)(biao)里(li)出(chu)入之渐,又格以黄(huang)仪,准(zhun)(zhun)求其(qi)(qi)限。若不(bu)可推(tui)明者,依黄(huang)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)命(ming)度(du)(du)。
推日度术:
置入(ru)元距所(suo)求(qiu)年岁数乘之,为积实,周数去之,不尽者,满度(du)(du)法(fa)得积度(du)(du),不满为分。以(yi)冬(dong)至余减分;命积度(du)(du)以(yi)黄道起于虚一宿次除之,不满宿算外,即所(suo)求(qiu)年天正冬(dong)至夜半日所(suo)在度(du)(du)及分。
求年天正定朔度:
以(yi)(yi)定(ding)朔(shuo)日至冬至每日所(suo)(suo)入先后余为(wei)(wei)分(fen),日为(wei)(wei)度,加(jia)分(fen)以(yi)(yi)减冬至度,即天(tian)(tian)正(zheng)定(ding)朔(shuo)夜(ye)半日在所(suo)(suo)度分(fen)。亦去(qu)朔(shuo)日乘衰总(zong)已通(tong)者,以(yi)(yi)至前定(ding)气除之,又如上(shang)求差加(jia)以(yi)(yi)并去(qu)朔(shuo)日乃减度,亦即天(tian)(tian)正(zheng)定(ding)朔(shuo)日所(suo)(suo)在度。皆(jie)日为(wei)(wei)度,余为(wei)(wei)分(fen)。其(qi)所(suo)(suo)入先后及衰总(zong)用增损者,皆(jie)分(fen)前增、分(fen)后损其(qi)平日之度。
求次日:
每日所入先(xian)后(hou)分增损度,以加定朔度,得夜半。
求弦望:
去定(ding)(ding)朔(shuo)每日(ri)(ri)所入分,累而增损去定(ding)(ding)朔(shuo)日(ri)(ri),乃加定(ding)(ding)朔(shuo)度(du),亦得其夜半。
求次月:
历算(suan)大月三十日,小月二十九(jiu)日,每(mei)日所入先(xian)后(hou)分(fen)增损(sun)其月,以加前朔度,即各(ge)夜半所在至(zhi)虚(xu)去周(zhou)分(fen)。
求朔弦望辰所加:
各(ge)(ge)以度准乘定余,约率而(er)一(yi),为平分(fen)。又定余乘其日(ri)所入先后分(fen),日(ri)法(fa)而(er)一(yi),乃(nai)增损其平分(fen),以加其夜半,即各(ge)(ge)辰所加。其分(fen)皆(jie)篾(mie)法(fa)约之,为转分(fen),不成为篾(mie)。凡朔辰所加者,皆(jie)为合朔日(ri)月同(tong)度。
推月而与日同度术:
各以(yi)朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)加(jia)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)限数加(jia)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)朓(tiao)朒,为(wei)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)朓(tiao)朒。以(yi)加(jia)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)定(ding)朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo),度(du)准乘(cheng),约率除,以(yi)加(jia)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)定(ding)朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)辰(chen)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)加(jia)日(ri)度(du),即(ji)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)辰(chen)日(ri)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)在(zai)。又(you)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)余乘(cheng)度(du)准,约率除,减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)其辰(chen)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)在(zai),为(wei)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)夜半(ban)(ban)日(ri)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)在(zai)。乃以(yi)四(si)百(bai)六十四(si)半(ban)(ban)乘(cheng)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)余,亦(yi)以(yi)周差乘(cheng),朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)实(shi)除,从(cong)之,以(yi)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)夜半(ban)(ban)日(ri)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)在(zai),即(ji)月平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)夜半(ban)(ban)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)在(zai)。三十七半(ban)(ban)乘(cheng)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)余,增(zeng)其所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),以(yi)加(jia)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)半(ban)(ban),得(de)月平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)辰(chen)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)行(xing)度(du)。五百(bai)二乘(cheng)朓(tiao)棵(ke),亦(yi)以(yi)周差乘(cheng),朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)实(shi)除而(er)从(cong)之,朓(tiao)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、朒加(jia)其平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)行(xing),即(ji)月定(ding)朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)辰(chen)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)在(zai)度(du),而(er)与日(ri)同。若即(ji)以(yi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)朓(tiao)朒所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)得(de)分加(jia)减(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)辰(chen)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)在(zai),亦(yi)得(de)同度(du)。
求月弦望定辰度:
各置其(qi)弦(xian)望辰所加日(ri)度(du)及分(fen),加上弦(xian)度(du)九(jiu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一,转分(fen)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)(liu),篾(mie)三百(bai)(bai)一十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三;望度(du)百(bai)(bai)八十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二,转分(fen)三十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二,篾(mie)六(liu)(liu)百(bai)(bai)二十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)(liu);下弦(xian)度(du)二百(bai)(bai)七十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三,转分(fen)四十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu),篾(mie)四十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二,皆至虚,去转周求之。
定朔夜半入转:
经朔(shuo)夜半所入(ru)准于定朔(shuo)日(ri)有增损者,亦(yi)以一日(ri)加(jia)减之,否者因经朔(shuo)为定。
其因定求朔(shuo)次日、弦(xian)望、次月夜半(ban)者,如于经月法为之。
推月转日定分术:
以夜半(ban)入转余乘逡差,终法而一,为见差。以息加、消减其(qi)日逡分(fen),为月每日所行逡定分(fen)。
求次日:
各(ge)以(yi)(yi)逡定(ding)(ding)(ding)分(fen)加转(zhuan)分(fen),满转(zhuan)法从度(du),皆其夜(ye)半(ban)(ban)。因(yin)日转(zhuan)若(ruo)各(ge)加定(ding)(ding)(ding)日,皆得朔(shuo)、弦望(wang)夜(ye)半(ban)(ban)月所(suo)在定(ding)(ding)(ding)度(du)。其就辰(chen)(chen)加以(yi)(yi)求夜(ye)半(ban)(ban),各(ge)以(yi)(yi)半(ban)(ban)逡差(cha)减(jian)(jian)逡分(fen),消(xiao)者,定(ding)(ding)(ding)余(yu)乘差(cha),终(zhong)法除,并差(cha)而(er)半(ban)(ban)之(zhi);息(xi)者,半(ban)(ban)定(ding)(ding)(ding)余(yu)以(yi)(yi)乘差(cha),终(zhong)法而(er)一。皆加所(suo)减(jian)(jian),乃以(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)余(yu)乘之(zhi),日法而(er)一,各(ge)减(jian)(jian)辰(chen)(chen)所(suo)加度(du),亦(yi)得其夜(ye)半(ban)(ban)度(du)。因(yin)夜(ye)半(ban)(ban)亦(yi)如此求逡分(fen),以(yi)(yi)加之(zhi),亦(yi)得辰(chen)(chen)所(suo)加度(du)。诸转(zhuan)可(ke)初以(yi)(yi)逡分(fen)及(ji)差(cha)为(wei)篾,而(er)求其次,皆讫,乃除为(wei)转(zhuan)分(fen)。因(yin)经朔(shuo)夜(ye)半(ban)(ban)求定(ding)(ding)(ding)辰(chen)(chen)度(du)者,以(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)辰(chen)(chen)去(qu)经朔(shuo)夜(ye)半(ban)(ban)减(jian)(jian),而(er)求其增损数,乃以(yi)(yi)数求逡定(ding)(ding)(ding)分(fen),加减(jian)(jian)其夜(ye)半(ban)(ban),亦(yi)各(ge)定(ding)(ding)(ding)辰(chen)(chen)度(du)。
求月晨昏度:
如前气与所(suo)求每日夜漏之半,以逡(qun)定(ding)分(fen)乘之,百而一,为(wei)晨(chen)分(fen);减逡(qun)定(ding)分(fen),为(wei)昏分(fen)。除(chu)为(wei)转度,望前以昏,后以晨(chen),加(jia)夜半定(ding)度,得(de)所(suo)在。
求晨昏中星:
各(ge)以度数(shu)加夜半定(ding)度,即(ji)中星度。其朔(shuo)、弦、望,以百刻(ke)乘定(ding)余,满日(ri)法得一刻(ke),即(ji)各(ge)定(ding)辰近入刻(ke)数(shu)。皆减其夜半漏,不尽为晨(chen),初刻(ke)不满者属(shu)昨日(ri)。
复月,五千四百五十八(ba)。
交月,二千七百二十九。
交率,四百六十五。
交数(shu),五千九百二十(shi)三。
交法,七百三(san)十五万六千三(san)百六十六。
会法,五十(shi)七万(wan)七千五百(bai)三十(shi)。
交复日,二十七(qi)。余,二百(bai)六十三。秒,三千四百(bai)三十五(wu)。
交日(ri),十三。余,七(qi)百(bai)五十二(er)。秒,四(si)千六百(bai)七(qi)十九。
交限(xian),日,十二。余(yu),五百(bai)五十五。秒,四百(bai)七十三(san)半。
望差,日,一。余,百九十七。秒,四千(qian)二百五半。
朔(shuo)差,日,二(er)。余,三百九十五。秒(miao),二(er)千四百八(ba)十八(ba)。
会(hui)限,百五十八。余,六(liu)百七(qi)十六(liu)。秒,五十半。
会日,百七十(shi)三(san)(san)。余,三(san)(san)百八十(shi)四。秒,二百八十(shi)三(san)(san)。
推月行入交表里术:
置入(ru)元积(ji)月,复月去之(zhi),不(bu)尽。交率(lv)乘而复去,不(bu)如复月者,满(man)(man)交月去之(zhi),为在(zai)里(li)数(shu);不(bu)满(man)(man)为在(zai)表数(shu),即所求年天正经入(ru)交表里(li)数(shu)。
求次月:
以(yi)交率(lv)加之(zhi),满交月去(qu)之(zhi),前表者在(zai)里,前里者在(zai)表。
推月入交日术:
以(yi)朔实(shi)乘(cheng)表里(li)数(shu),为(wei)交(jiao)实(shi);满交(jiao)法为(wei)日(ri),不满者交(jiao)数(shu)而一,为(wei)余(yu),不成为(wei)秒,命(ming)日(ri)算外(wai),即其经朔月平(ping)入(ru)交(jiao)日(ri)余(yu)。
求望:以望差加(jia)之,满交日(ri)去(qu)之,则月在表里与朔同;不满者(zhe)与朔返。其月食者(zhe),先(xian)交与当月朔,后交与月朔表里同。
求次月(yue):朔(shuo)差加(jia)月(yue)朔(shuo)所入,满交日去之(zhi),表里与前月(yue)返;不满者,与前月(yue)同(tong)。
求经朔望入交常日:
以月(yue)入气朔(shuo)望(wang)平会日迟速定数,速加(jia)、迟减其平入交(jiao)日余,为经交(jiao)常日及余。
求定朔望入交定日:
以交率乘定朓朒,交数而一,所得以朓减、朒加常日余,即定朔望(wang)所入定日及(ji)余。其去交如望(wang)差以下、交限以上者月食(shi),月在里者日食(shi)。
推日入会日术:
会(hui)法除交实为日(ri),不(bu)(bu)满者,如交率为余(yu),不(bu)(bu)成为秒,命日(ri)算外,即经朔日(ri)入平会(hui)日(ri)及余(yu)。
求望:加望日及(ji)余,次(ci)月加经朔,其表里皆准入交。
求入(ru)会(hui)常(chang)日(ri):以(yi)交数乘月(yue)(yue)入(ru)气朔(shuo)望(wang)所(suo)平(ping)会(hui)日(ri)迟速(su)定(ding)数,交率而(er)一,以(yi)速(su)加(jia)、迟减(jian)其(qi)入(ru)平(ping)会(hui)日(ri)余,即所(suo)入(ru)常(chang)日(ri)余。亦以(yi)定(ding)朓(tiao)朒(nv)(nv),而(er)朓(tiao)减(jian)、朒(nv)(nv)加(jia)其(qi)常(chang)日(ri)余,即日(ri)定(ding)朔(shuo)望(wang)所(suo)入(ru)会(hui)日(ri)及(ji)余。皆满会(hui)日(ri)去之,其(qi)朔(shuo)望(wang)去会(hui),如望(wang)以(yi)下(xia)、会(hui)限以(yi)上者,亦月(yue)(yue)食;月(yue)(yue)日(ri)道(dao)表(biao)在日(ri)道(dao)里则日(ri)食。
求月定朔望入交定日夜半:
交(jiao)率乘定(ding)(ding)(ding)余(yu)(yu),交(jiao)数而一,以(yi)减定(ding)(ding)(ding)朔望(wang)所(suo)入(ru)定(ding)(ding)(ding)日余(yu)(yu),即其夜半所(suo)定(ding)(ding)(ding)入(ru)。
求次日:
以每日(ri)迟速(su)数,分前增、分后(hou)损定(ding)朔(shuo)所(suo)入定(ding)日(ri)余,以加其日(ri),各得(de)所(suo)入定(ding)日(ri)及(ji)余。
求次月:
加定朔(shuo),大月二(er)(er)(er)日(ri),小(xiao)月一(yi)日(ri),皆余九(jiu)百七十(shi)八(ba),秒二(er)(er)(er)千(qian)四(si)(si)百八(ba)十(shi)八(ba)。各以(yi)一(yi)月迟速数,分(fen)(fen)前增、分(fen)(fen)后(hou)损(sun)其所加,为(wei)定。其入七日(ri),余九(jiu)百九(jiu)十(shi)七,秒二(er)(er)(er)千(qian)三(san)百三(san)十(shi)九(jiu)半以(yi)下(xia)者(zhe)(zhe),进;其入此(ci)以(yi)上,尽全余二(er)(er)(er)百四(si)(si)十(shi)四(si)(si),秒三(san)千(qian)五百八(ba)十(shi)三(san)半者(zhe)(zhe),退。其入十(shi)四(si)(si)日(ri),如(ru)交余及秒以(yi)下(xia)者(zhe)(zhe),退;其入此(ci)以(yi)上,尽全余四(si)(si)百八(ba)十(shi)九(jiu),秒千(qian)二(er)(er)(er)百四(si)(si)十(shi)四(si)(si)者(zhe)(zhe),进而复也。其要(yao)为(wei)五分(fen)(fen),初(chu)(chu)则七日(ri)四(si)(si)分(fen)(fen),十(shi)四(si)(si)日(ri)三(san)分(fen)(fen);末(mo)则七日(ri)后(hou)一(yi)分(fen)(fen),十(shi)四(si)(si)日(ri)后(hou)二(er)(er)(er)分(fen)(fen),虽初(chu)(chu)强(qiang)末(mo)弱,衰率有(you)检。
求月(yue)入交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)去日(ri)道(dao)(dao):皆同其(qi)数(shu),以(yi)(yi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)余(yu)为(wei)秒(miao)积(ji),以(yi)(yi)后(hou)衰并去交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)衰,半(ban)之,为(wei)通(tong)数(shu)。进(jin)则秒(miao)积(ji)减(jian)衰法(fa),以(yi)(yi)乘(cheng)衰,交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)法(fa)除,而并衰以(yi)(yi)半(ban)之;退(tui)者(zhe),半(ban)秒(miao)积(ji)以(yi)(yi)乘(cheng)衰,交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)法(fa)而一;皆加通(tong)数(shu),秒(miao)积(ji)乘(cheng),交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)法(fa)除,所得以(yi)(yi)进(jin)退(tui)衰积(ji),十而一为(wei)度,不(bu)满(man)者(zhe)求其(qi)强弱(ruo),则月(yue)去日(ri)道(dao)(dao)数(shu)。月(yue)朔望入交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao),如限以(yi)(yi)上,减(jian)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)日(ri),残为(wei)去后(hou)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)数(shu);如望差以(yi)(yi)下(xia)即(ji)为(wei)去先交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)数(shu)。有(you)全日(ri)同为(wei)余(yu),各朔辰(chen)而一,得去交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)辰(chen)。其(qi)月(yue)在(zai)日(ri)道(dao)(dao)里,日(ri)应食(shi)而有(you)不(bu)食(shi)者(zhe);月(yue)日(ri)道(dao)(dao)表在(zai)日(ri)不(bu)应食(shi)而亦有(you)食(shi)者(zhe)。
推应食不食术:
朔先后(hou)在(zai)(zai)夏(xia)至十(shi)(shi)日(ri)内(nei),去(qu)交十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)辰(chen)少;二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)日(ri)内(nei),十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)辰(chen)半;一月(yue)内(nei),十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)辰(chen)大;闰四(si)(si)月(yue)、六月(yue),十(shi)(shi)三(san)辰(chen)以(yi)(yi)上(shang),加南方三(san)辰(chen)。若朔在(zai)(zai)夏(xia)至二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)日(ri)内(nei),去(qu)交十(shi)(shi)三(san)辰(chen),以(yi)(yi)加辰(chen)申半以(yi)(yi)南四(si)(si)辰(chen);闰四(si)(si)月(yue)、六月(yue),亦(yi)加四(si)(si)辰(chen);谷雨后(hou)、处暑前(qian)(qian),加三(san)辰(chen);清明后(hou)、白(bai)露前(qian)(qian),加巳半以(yi)(yi)西、未半以(yi)(yi)东(dong)二(er)(er)辰(chen);春分后(hou)秋分前(qian)(qian),加午一辰(chen)。皆去(qu)交十(shi)(shi)三(san)辰(chen)半以(yi)(yi)上(shang)者,并(bing)或不食。
推不应食而食术:
朔(shuo)在夏至前(qian)后(hou)(hou)一(yi)(yi)月内,去(qu)交二辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen);四(si)十(shi)六日内,一(yi)(yi)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)半,以加(jia)(jia)二辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen);又一(yi)(yi)月内,亦一(yi)(yi)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)半,加(jia)(jia)三(san)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)及(ji)加(jia)(jia)四(si)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen),与四(si)十(shi)六日内加(jia)(jia)三(san)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen);谷雨后(hou)(hou)、处暑(shu)前(qian),加(jia)(jia)巳少后(hou)(hou)、未太前(qian);清明后(hou)(hou)、白露前(qian),加(jia)(jia)二辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen);春分(fen)后(hou)(hou)、秋分(fen)前(qian),加(jia)(jia)一(yi)(yi)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)。皆去(qu)交半辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)以下者,并得食。
推月食多少术:
望(wang)(wang)在分(fen)(fen)后,以(yi)(yi)去夏至气数三之;其(qi)分(fen)(fen)前,又以(yi)(yi)去分(fen)(fen)气数倍而加(jia)分(fen)(fen)后者(zhe);皆又以(yi)(yi)十(shi)(shi)加(jia)去交(jiao)辰倍而并之,减其(qi)去交(jiao)余,为(wei)不(bu)食定余。乃以(yi)(yi)减望(wang)(wang)差(cha),残者(zhe)九(jiu)十(shi)(shi)六而一,不(bu)满者(zhe)求其(qi)强弱,亦如气辰法,以(yi)(yi)十(shi)(shi)五为(wei)限,命之,即各月食多少。
推日食多少术:
月在(zai)内者(zhe),朔在(zai)夏至前(qian)(qian)后二(er)(er)气(qi)(qi),加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)南二(er)(er)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen),增(zeng)去(qu)交余(yu)一(yi)(yi)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)太(tai)(tai);加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)三(san)(san)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen),增(zeng)一(yi)(yi)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)少(shao)(shao)(shao),加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)四(si)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen),增(zeng)太(tai)(tai)。三(san)(san)气(qi)(qi)内,加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)二(er)(er)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen),增(zeng)一(yi)(yi)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen);加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)三(san)(san)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen),增(zeng)太(tai)(tai);加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)四(si)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen),增(zeng)少(shao)(shao)(shao)。四(si)气(qi)(qi)内,加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)二(er)(er)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen),增(zeng)太(tai)(tai);加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)三(san)(san)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)及五气(qi)(qi)内,加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)二(er)(er)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen),增(zeng)少(shao)(shao)(shao)。自外所(suo)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen),立夏后、立秋(qiu)前(qian)(qian),依(yi)本(ben)其(qi)(qi)(qi)气(qi)(qi)内加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)四(si)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen),五气(qi)(qi)内加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)三(san)(san)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen),六气(qi)(qi)内加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)二(er)(er)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)。六气(qi)(qi)内加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)二(er)(er)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)者(zhe),亦(yi)依(yi)平。自外所(suo)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)之(zhi)北诸(zhu)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen),各(ge)依(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)去(qu)立夏、立秋(qiu)、清明(ming)、白露数(shu),随其(qi)(qi)(qi)依(yi)平辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen),辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)北每辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)数(shu)三(san)(san)分减(jian)去(qu)交余(yu);雨(yu)水(shui)后、霜(shuang)降(jiang)前(qian)(qian),又半其(qi)(qi)(qi)去(qu)分日(ri)数(shu),以(yi)(yi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)二(er)(er)分去(qu)二(er)(er)立之(zhi)日(ri),乃减(jian)去(qu)交余(yu);其(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)冬(dong)至前(qian)(qian)后,更以(yi)(yi)去(qu)霜(shuang)降(jiang)、雨(yu)水(shui)日(ri)数(shu)三(san)(san)除之(zhi),以(yi)(yi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)霜(shuang)降(jiang)雨(yu)水(shui)当气(qi)(qi)所(suo)得之(zhi)数(shu);而(er)减(jian)去(qu)交余(yu),皆为(wei)定(ding)不食(shi)余(yu)。以(yi)(yi)减(jian)望差,乃如(ru)月食(shi)法。月在(zai)外者(zhe),其(qi)(qi)(qi)去(qu)交辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)数(shu),若日(ri)气(qi)(qi)所(suo)系(xi)之(zhi)限(xian),止一(yi)(yi)而(er)无等次者(zhe),加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)所(suo)去(qu)辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)一(yi)(yi),即为(wei)食(shi)数(shu)。若限(xian)有等次,加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)别系(xi)同者(zhe),随所(suo)去(qu)交辰(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)数(shu)而(er)返其(qi)(qi)(qi)衰,以(yi)(yi)少(shao)(shao)(shao)为(wei)多,以(yi)(yi)多为(wei)少(shao)(shao)(shao),亦(yi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)其(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi),以(yi)(yi)为(wei)食(shi)数(shu)。皆以(yi)(yi)十五为(wei)限(xian),乃以(yi)(yi)命之(zhi),即各(ge)日(ri)之(zhi)所(suo)食(shi)多少(shao)(shao)(shao)。
凡日(ri)食(shi)(shi),月(yue)(yue)行黄道,体(ti)所(suo)(suo)映蔽,大(da)较(jiao)正(zheng)交如累璧,渐减(jian)则(ze)(ze)有(you)差(cha),在(zai)(zai)内食(shi)(shi)分多(duo)(duo),在(zai)(zai)外无损。虽外全而月(yue)(yue)下,内损而更高,交浅则(ze)(ze)闲遥;交深则(ze)(ze)相搏而不淹。因(yin)遥而蔽多(duo)(duo),所(suo)(suo)观之(zhi)地(di)(di)又(you)偏,所(suo)(suo)食(shi)(shi)之(zhi)时(shi)亦别。月(yue)(yue)居外道,此不见亏(kui),月(yue)(yue)外之(zhi)人反以(yi)为食(shi)(shi)。交分正(zheng)等,同在(zai)(zai)南方,冬损则(ze)(ze)多(duo)(duo),夏(xia)亏(kui)乃少。假(jia)均冬夏(xia),早晚又(you)殊(shu)。处南辰体(ti)则(ze)(ze)高,居东西傍而下视有(you)邪正(zheng)。理不可一,由(you)准率(lv)若(ruo)实而违。古史所(suo)(suo)详,事有(you)纷互,今故(gu)推其梗概,求者知其指(zhi)归。苟地(di)(di)非于阳城,皆(jie)随所(suo)(suo)而渐异(yi)。然月(yue)(yue)食(shi)(shi)以(yi)月(yue)(yue)行虚道,暗(an)气所(suo)(suo)冲,日(ri)有(you)暗(an)气,天有(you)虚道,正(zheng)黄道常与(yu)日(ri)对,如镜居下,魄(po)耀见阴,名曰(yue)暗(an)虚,奄月(yue)(yue)则(ze)(ze)食(shi)(shi),故(gu)称(cheng)“当月(yue)(yue)月(yue)(yue)食(shi)(shi),当星星亡。”虽夜半之(zhi)辰,子午(wu)相对,正(zheng)隔于地(di)(di),虚道即亏(kui)。既月(yue)(yue)兆日(ri)光,当午(wu)更耀,时(shi)亦隔地(di)(di),无废禀明。谅以(yi)天光神妙,应感玄通,正(zheng)当夜半,何害亏(kui)禀。月(yue)(yue)由(you)虚道,表里俱(ju)食(shi)(shi)。日(ri)之(zhi)与(yu)月(yue)(yue),体(ti)同势等,校其食(shi)(shi)分,月(yue)(yue)尽为多(duo)(duo),容或形(xing)差(cha),微(wei)增亏(kui)数,疏而不漏,纲要(yao)克举。
推日食所在辰术:
置定余,倍日(ri)限,克减(jian)之(zhi)(zhi),月在(zai)(zai)里,三乘(cheng)(cheng)朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)辰(chen)为法(fa)(fa),除之(zhi)(zhi),所(suo)(suo)得(de)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)艮(gen)巽(xun)(xun)坤(kun)乾(qian)为次。命艮(gen)算(suan)外,不满(man)法(fa)(fa)者(zhe)半法(fa)(fa)减(jian)之(zhi)(zhi),无可减(jian)者(zhe)为前,所(suo)(suo)减(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)残为后(hou),前则(ze)因(yin)余,后(hou)者(zhe)减(jian)法(fa)(fa),各(ge)为其率(lv)。乃以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)十加去(qu)交辰(chen),三除之(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)乘(cheng)(cheng)率(lv),十四而(er)一(yi),为差。其朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)所(suo)(suo)在(zai)(zai)气(qi)(qi)二分前后(hou)一(yi)气(qi)(qi)内(nei),即为定差。近(jin)冬至(zhi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)去(qu)寒露(lu)、惊(jing)蛰,近(jin)夏至(zhi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)去(qu)清明、白露(lu)气(qi)(qi)数,倍而(er)三除去(qu)交辰(chen),增之(zhi)(zhi)。近(jin)冬至(zhi),艮(gen)巽(xun)(xun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)加,坤(kun)乾(qian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)减(jian);近(jin)夏至(zhi),艮(gen)巽(xun)(xun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)减(jian),坤(kun)乾(qian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)加其差为定差。乃艮(gen)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)坤(kun)加,巽(xun)(xun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)乾(qian)减(jian)定余。月在(zai)(zai)外,直三除去(qu)交辰(chen),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)乘(cheng)(cheng)率(lv),十四而(er)一(yi),亦为定差。艮(gen)坤(kun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)减(jian),巽(xun)(xun)乾(qian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)加定余,皆为食(shi)(shi)余。如气(qi)(qi)求入辰(chen)法(fa)(fa),即日(ri)食(shi)(shi)所(suo)(suo)在(zai)(zai)辰(chen)及大小。其求辰(chen)刻,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)辰(chen)克乘(cheng)(cheng)辰(chen)余,朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)辰(chen)而(er)一(yi),得(de)刻及分。若食(shi)(shi)近(jin)朝夕(xi)者(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)所(suo)(suo)入气(qi)(qi)日(ri)之(zhi)(zhi)出入刻,校食(shi)(shi)所(suo)(suo)在(zai)(zai),知食(shi)(shi)见否之(zhi)(zhi)少(shao)多所(suo)(suo)在(zai)(zai)辰(chen),为正见。
推月食所在辰术:
三(san)日(ri)(ri)(ri)阻减(jian)望定(ding)余半(ban)。置望之所(suo)入气日(ri)(ri)(ri),不见刻(ke),朔(shuo)日(ri)(ri)(ri)法(fa)乘(cheng)之,百而一(yi),所(suo)得若食余与之等、以(yi)(yi)下,又(you)以(yi)(yi)此所(suo)得减(jian)朔(shuo)日(ri)(ri)(ri)法(fa),其(qi)残食余与之等、以(yi)(yi)上,为食正见数。其(qi)食余亦(yi)(yi)朔(shuo)辰而一(yi),如求加辰所(suo)在(zai)。又(you)如前(qian)求刻(ke)校之,月(yue)在(zai)冲辰食,日(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)食既有起(qi)讫晚早(zao),亦(yi)(yi)或变常进(jin)退,皆于正见前(qian)后十二刻(ke)半(ban)候之。
推日月食起讫辰术:
准其食分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)十(shi)五(wu)(wu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)率,全(quan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下各(ge)为(wei)(wei)(wei)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)。十(shi)四(si)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)一(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)尽于五(wu)(wu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)。每因前(qian)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)每降一(yi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen),积衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)增(zeng)(zeng)二,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)加于前(qian),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)至三分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)。每积增(zeng)(zeng)四(si)。二分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)每增(zeng)(zeng)四(si),二分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)增(zeng)(zeng)六,一(yi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)增(zeng)(zeng)十(shi)九,皆(jie)(jie)累算为(wei)(wei)(wei)各(ge)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)。三百为(wei)(wei)(wei)率,各(ge)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)减(jian)之,各(ge)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其残乘朔日法,皆(jie)(jie)率而一(yi),所(suo)得为(wei)(wei)(wei)食衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)数(shu)(shu)。其率全(quan),即以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)朔日法为(wei)(wei)(wei)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)数(shu)(shu),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)数(shu)(shu)加减(jian)食余,其减(jian)者(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)起(qi),加者(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)讫,数(shu)(shu)亦如气。
求入辰法及求刻:以(yi)加减食所刻等,得(de)起(qi)(qi)讫晚早之辰,与校正见多少之数(shu)。史书亏复起(qi)(qi)讫不同(tong),今(jin)以(yi)其全一辰为率。
推日月食所起术:
月(yue)在(zai)(zai)内(nei)者(zhe),其(qi)正南(nan),则(ze)(ze)起(qi)右上(shang),亏(kui)(kui)左上(shang)。若(ruo)正东(dong),月(yue)自日(ri)(ri)上(shang)邪(xie)北(bei)(bei)(bei)而(er)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)。其(qi)在(zai)(zai)东(dong)南(nan)维(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)前,东(dong)向望(wang)之,初不(bu)(bu)正,横月(yue)高日(ri)(ri)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia);乃月(yue)稍西(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei),日(ri)(ri)渐(jian)(jian)东(dong)南(nan),过于维(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)后,南(nan)向望(wang)之,月(yue)更北(bei)(bei)(bei),日(ri)(ri)差西(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan);以至(zhi)于午之后,亦南(nan)望(wang)之,月(yue)欹(yi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei),日(ri)(ri)复东(dong)南(nan)。西(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan)维(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)后,西(xi)(xi)(xi)向而(er)望(wang),月(yue)为(wei)东(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei),日(ri)(ri)则(ze)(ze)西(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan)。正西(xi)(xi)(xi),自日(ri)(ri)北(bei)(bei)(bei)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)邪(xie)亏(kui)(kui),而(er)亦后不(bu)(bu)正,横月(yue)高日(ri)(ri)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)。若(ruo)食十二分以上(shang),起(qi)右亏(kui)(kui)左。其(qi)正东(dong),起(qi)上(shang)近(jin)亏(kui)(kui)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)而(er)北(bei)(bei)(bei),午前则(ze)(ze)渐(jian)(jian)自上(shang)邪(xie)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)。维(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)西(xi)(xi)(xi),起(qi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei),亏(kui)(kui)东(dong)南(nan)。维(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)北(bei)(bei)(bei),起(qi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan),亏(kui)(kui)东(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei);午后则(ze)(ze)稍从下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)傍下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)。维(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)东(dong),起(qi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan),亏(kui)(kui)东(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)。维(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)南(nan),起(qi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei),亏(kui)(kui)东(dong)南(nan)。在(zai)(zai)东(dong)则(ze)(ze)以上(shang)为(wei)东(dong),在(zai)(zai)西(xi)(xi)(xi)则(ze)(ze)以下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)为(wei)西(xi)(xi)(xi)。
月(yue)(yue)在(zai)外者,其(qi)正(zheng)南(nan)(nan),起(qi)右(you)下(xia)(xia),亏左上。在(zai)正(zheng)东(dong),月(yue)(yue)自日南(nan)(nan)邪(xie)下(xia)(xia)而(er)(er)映。维(wei)北,则月(yue)(yue)微(wei)东(dong)南(nan)(nan),日返(fan)西(xi)。维(wei)西(xi)南(nan)(nan),日稍移东(dong)北,以至于午(wu),月(yue)(yue)南(nan)(nan)日北,过(guo)(guo)午(wu)之后,月(yue)(yue)稍东(dong)南(nan)(nan),日更(geng)西(xi)北。维(wei)北,月(yue)(yue)有西(xi)南(nan)(nan),日复东(dong)北。正(zheng)西(xi),月(yue)(yue)自日下(xia)(xia)邪(xie)南(nan)(nan)而(er)(er)上。皆(jie)准此(ci)体(ti)以定(ding)起(qi)亏,随其(qi)所(suo)处,每用(yong)不同(tong)。其(qi)月(yue)(yue)之所(suo)食(shi),皆(jie)依(yi)日亏起(qi),每随类(lei)反之,皆(jie)与(yu)日食(shi)限同(tong)表里,而(er)(er)与(yu)日返(fan)其(qi)逆顺,上下(xia)(xia)过(guo)(guo)其(qi)分。
五星:
岁为木
荧惑为火
镇为土
太白为金
辰为水
木数,千八百(bai)六十万(wan)五千四百(bai)六十八。
伏半平,八十三(san)万六千八百(bai)四(si)十八。
复日,三百九十八;余,四万一(yi)千一(yi)百五十六。
岁(sui)一(yi),残(can)日,三十三;余,二(er)万九千七百四十九半。
见去日,十四度。
平(ping)见(jian),在春(chun)分(fen)前,以四(si)乘(cheng)(cheng)去立(li)春(chun)日(ri);小满(man)前,又三乘(cheng)(cheng)去春(chun)分(fen)日(ri),增春(chun)分(fen)所乘(cheng)(cheng)者(zhe);白露(lu)后(hou),亦四(si)乘(cheng)(cheng)去寒露(lu)日(ri);小暑,加七(qi)日(ri);小雪前,以八乘(cheng)(cheng)去寒露(lu)日(ri);冬至后(hou),以八乘(cheng)(cheng)去立(li)春(chun)日(ri),为减,小雪至冬至减七(qi)日(ri)。
见,初日(ri)(ri)行(xing)万一千八百一十(shi)(shi)(shi)八分(fen),日(ri)(ri)益迟(chi)七十(shi)(shi)(shi)分(fen),百一十(shi)(shi)(shi)日(ri)(ri)行(xing)十(shi)(shi)(shi)八度、分(fen)四万七百三十(shi)(shi)(shi)八而留(liu)(liu)。二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)八日(ri)(ri)乃逆,日(ri)(ri)退六千四百三十(shi)(shi)(shi)六分(fen),八十(shi)(shi)(shi)七日(ri)(ri)退十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)度、分(fen)二(er)(er)百四。又留(liu)(liu)二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)八日(ri)(ri)。初日(ri)(ri)行(xing)四千一百八十(shi)(shi)(shi)八分(fen),日(ri)(ri)益疾(ji)七十(shi)(shi)(shi)分(fen),百一十(shi)(shi)(shi)日(ri)(ri)亦行(xing)十(shi)(shi)(shi)八度、分(fen)四万七百三十(shi)(shi)(shi)八而伏。
火(huo)数,三千(qian)六百三十(shi)七(qi)万七(qi)千(qian)五(wu)百九十(shi)五(wu)。
伏半(ban)平,三(san)百(bai)(bai)三(san)十(shi)七万九千三(san)百(bai)(bai)二十(shi)七半(ban)。
复日,七(qi)百七(qi)十(shi)九;余(yu),四万(wan)一千九百一十(shi)九。
岁再,残日,四十(shi)九;余(yu),万九千一(yi)百六(liu)。
见去日,十六度。
平见,在(zai)雨水前(qian)(qian),以十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九乘去(qu)大(da)寒日(ri)(ri):清(qing)明前(qian)(qian),又十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八乘去(qu)雨水日(ri)(ri),增(zeng)雨水所(suo)乘者;夏至后(hou)(hou),以十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)乘去(qu)处暑日(ri)(ri);小满后(hou)(hou),又十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)日(ri)(ri);寒露(lu)(lu)(lu)前(qian)(qian),以十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八乘去(qu)白露(lu)(lu)(lu)日(ri)(ri);小雪前(qian)(qian),又十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七乘去(qu)寒露(lu)(lu)(lu)日(ri)(ri),增(zeng)寒露(lu)(lu)(lu)所(suo)乘者;大(da)雪后(hou)(hou),二十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九乘去(qu)大(da)寒日(ri)(ri),为(wei)减,小雪至大(da)雪减二十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)日(ri)(ri)。
见,初在(zai)冬至,则(ze)二(er)(er)(er)百(bai)三(san)(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)百(bai)五(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)度(du)(du)(du),以后日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)度(du)(du)(du)随(sui)其(qi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)数(shu)增损(sun)各(ge)(ge)一;尽(jin)(jin)(jin)三(san)(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),一日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)半损(sun)一;又(you)(you)八(ba)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),二(er)(er)(er)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)损(sun)一;复三(san)(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),同(tong);又(you)(you)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),三(san)(san)(san)(san)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)损(sun)一;复十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),同(tong);又(you)(you)三(san)(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),三(san)(san)(san)(san)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)增一;又(you)(you)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),二(er)(er)(er)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)增一;又(you)(you)五(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),一日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)增一;复三(san)(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)(san)(san)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),同(tong);又(you)(you)三(san)(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),二(er)(er)(er)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)损(sun)一,还终至冬至,二(er)(er)(er)百(bai)三(san)(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)百(bai)五(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)度(du)(du)(du)。其(qi)立(li)春(chun)(chun)尽(jin)(jin)(jin)春(chun)(chun)分(fen)(fen)(fen),夏(xia)至尽(jin)(jin)(jin)立(li)夏(xia),八(ba)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)减一日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri);春(chun)(chun)分(fen)(fen)(fen)至立(li)夏(xia),减六(liu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri);立(li)秋(qiu)至秋(qiu)分(fen)(fen)(fen),减五(wu)度(du)(du)(du),各(ge)(ge)其(qi)初行(xing)(xing)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)及度(du)(du)(du)数(shu)。白露(lu)至寒露(lu),初日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)半度(du)(du)(du),四十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)度(du)(du)(du)。以其(qi)残(can)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)及度(du)(du)(du),计充前数(shu),皆差行(xing)(xing),日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)益迟(chi)(chi)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)分(fen)(fen)(fen),各(ge)(ge)尽(jin)(jin)(jin)其(qi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)度(du)(du)(du)乃迟(chi)(chi),初日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)分(fen)(fen)(fen)二(er)(er)(er)万二(er)(er)(er)千(qian)六(liu)百(bai)六(liu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu),日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)益迟(chi)(chi)一百(bai)一十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)分(fen)(fen)(fen),六(liu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)度(du)(du)(du)、分(fen)(fen)(fen)万五(wu)千(qian)四百(bai)九(jiu)。初减度(du)(du)(du)五(wu)者,于此初日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)加分(fen)(fen)(fen)三(san)(san)(san)(san)千(qian)八(ba)百(bai)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)(san)(san)、篾(mie)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七;以迟(chi)(chi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)为母(mu),尽(jin)(jin)(jin)其(qi)迟(chi)(chi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)三(san)(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)度(du)(du)(du),分(fen)(fen)(fen)同(tong),而留(liu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)(san)(san)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)。
前减日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)分(fen)于(yu)二(er)(er)(er)留,乃(nai)逆,日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)退(tui)分(fen)万(wan)二(er)(er)(er)千五(wu)(wu)(wu)百(bai)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu),六(liu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)退(tui)十(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)度(du)(du)(du)、分(fen)四万(wan)二(er)(er)(er)千八百(bai)三(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)四。又留十(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)而(er)行(xing)(xing),初(chu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)万(wan)六(liu)千六(liu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu),日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)益疾(ji)百(bai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)分(fen),六(liu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)度(du)(du)(du)、分(fen)万(wan)五(wu)(wu)(wu)千四百(bai)九(jiu)。立秋尽秋分(fen),增行(xing)(xing)度(du)(du)(du)五(wu)(wu)(wu),加(jia)初(chu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)分(fen)同前,更疾(ji)。在冬至(zhi)则二(er)(er)(er)百(bai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)百(bai)三(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)度(du)(du)(du);尽三(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)损一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi);又二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),二(er)(er)(er)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)损一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi);复二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)四日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),同;又五(wu)(wu)(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)四日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),三(san)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)增一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi);又十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),二(er)(er)(er)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)增一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi);又四十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)增一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi);又十(shi)(shi)(shi)四日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)增一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)半;又十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),增一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi);复四十(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),同;又一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)百(bai)六(liu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),二(er)(er)(er)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)损一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),亦(yi)终冬至(zhi)二(er)(er)(er)百(bai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),行(xing)(xing)百(bai)三(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)度(du)(du)(du)。
前增行度(du)(du)(du)五者,于此亦减五度(du)(du)(du),为疾(ji)日(ri)(ri)(ri)及数。其(qi)立夏尽夏至(zhi)初,日(ri)(ri)(ri)行半度(du)(du)(du),六(liu)十日(ri)(ri)(ri)行三十度(du)(du)(du)。夏至(zhi)尽立秋(qiu),亦初日(ri)(ri)(ri)行半度(du)(du)(du),四十日(ri)(ri)(ri)行二(er)十度(du)(du)(du)。其(qi)残亦计充(chong)如前,皆差行,日(ri)(ri)(ri)益(yi)疾(ji)二(er)十分,各(ge)尽其(qi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)度(du)(du)(du)而(er)伏(fu)。
土数(shu),千七百(bai)六十(shi)三万(wan)五千五百(bai)九十(shi)四。
伏(fu)半平,八十六万四(si)千九百九十五(wu)。
复日,三百(bai)七十(shi)八;余,四千一百(bai)六(liu)十(shi)二。
岁一,残日,十(shi)二;余,三万九千(qian)三百九十(shi)九半。
见去日,十六度半。
平见,在大暑前,以七乘(cheng)(cheng)去(qu)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)满(man)(man)日(ri)(ri);寒(han)(han)露后,九乘(cheng)(cheng)去(qu)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雪(xue)日(ri)(ri),为(wei)加(jia),大暑至寒(han)(han)露加(jia)八(ba)日(ri)(ri)。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)寒(han)(han)前,以九乘(cheng)(cheng)去(qu)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雪(xue)日(ri)(ri);雨(yu)水(shui)后,以四乘(cheng)(cheng)去(qu)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)满(man)(man)日(ri)(ri);立(li)(li)春后,又三乘(cheng)(cheng)去(qu)雨(yu)水(shui)日(ri)(ri),增雨(yu)水(shui)所乘(cheng)(cheng)者,为(wei)减,小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)寒(han)(han)至立(li)(li)春减八(ba)日(ri)(ri)。
见,日(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)分(fen)四(si)千(qian)(qian)三百(bai)六(liu)十(shi)四(si),八十(shi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)七度(du)、分(fen)二(er)(er)万二(er)(er)千(qian)(qian)六(liu)百(bai)一(yi)十(shi)二(er)(er)而留三十(shi)九日(ri)(ri)(ri)乃逆,日(ri)(ri)(ri)退分(fen)二(er)(er)千(qian)(qian)八百(bai)二(er)(er)十(shi),百(bai)三日(ri)(ri)(ri)退六(liu)度(du)、分(fen)万五百(bai)九十(shi)六(liu)。又留三十(shi)九日(ri)(ri)(ri),亦行(xing)分(fen)日(ri)(ri)(ri)四(si)千(qian)(qian)三百(bai)六(liu)十(shi)四(si),八十(shi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)七度(du)、分(fen)二(er)(er)万二(er)(er)千(qian)(qian)六(liu)百(bai)一(yi)十(shi)二(er)(er)而伏。
金数,二(er)千(qian)七百二(er)十三万六千(qian)二(er)百八。
晨伏半(ban)平,百九十五万七千(qian)一百四。
复日,五百(bai)八(ba)十(shi)三;余,四万二千七百(bai)五十(shi)六(liu)。
岁一(yi),残(can)日,二百一(yi)十八;余,三(san)万(wan)一(yi)千三(san)百四十九半。
夕见伏,二百(bai)五十六(liu)日。
晨见(jian)伏,三百二十七日;余与复同。
见去日,十一度。
夕平见,在立(li)秋(qiu)前(qian),以六乘(cheng)去芒种日(ri);秋(qiu)分后,以五(wu)乘(cheng)去小(xiao)雪(xue)(xue)日(ri);小(xiao)雪(xue)(xue)后,又(you)四(si)(si)乘(cheng)去大(da)雪(xue)(xue)日(ri),增小(xiao)雪(xue)(xue)所(suo)(suo)乘(cheng)者,为加,立(li)秋(qiu)至秋(qiu)分加七日(ri)。立(li)春(chun)前(qian),以五(wu)乘(cheng)去大(da)雪(xue)(xue)日(ri);雨水前(qian),又(you)四(si)(si)乘(cheng)去立(li)春(chun)日(ri),增立(li)春(chun)所(suo)(suo)乘(cheng)者;清明后,以六乘(cheng)去芒种日(ri),为减(jian)(jian),雨水至清明减(jian)(jian)七日(ri)。
晨平见,在小(xiao)寒(han)前(qian),以六乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)去(qu)冬(dong)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri);立(li)(li)春前(qian),又(you)(you)五(wu)乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)去(qu)小(xiao)寒(han)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),增(zeng)小(xiao)寒(han)所乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)者(zhe);芒(mang)种前(qian),以六乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)去(qu)夏至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri);立(li)(li)夏前(qian),又(you)(you)五(wu)乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)去(qu)芒(mang)种日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),增(zeng)芒(mang)种所乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)者(zhe),为(wei)(wei)加,立(li)(li)春至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)立(li)(li)夏加五(wu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)。小(xiao)暑(shu)前(qian),以六乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)去(qu)夏至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri);立(li)(li)秋(qiu)前(qian),又(you)(you)五(wu)乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)去(qu)小(xiao)暑(shu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri);增(zeng)小(xiao)暑(shu)所乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)者(zhe);大雪后,以六乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)去(qu)冬(dong)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri);立(li)(li)冬(dong)后,又(you)(you)五(wu)乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)去(qu)大雪日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),增(zeng)大雪所乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)者(zhe),为(wei)(wei)减,立(li)(li)秋(qiu)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)立(li)(li)冬(dong)减五(wu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)。
夕见,百(bai)七(qi)(qi)十(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)二(er)(er)百(bai)六(liu)度(du)(du)。其谷雨至(zhi)(zhi)小满(man)、白(bai)露(lu)至(zhi)(zhi)寒(han)露(lu),皆十(shi)(shi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)加一(yi)(yi)度(du)(du);小满(man)至(zhi)(zhi)白(bai)露(lu),加三(san)度(du)(du)。乃十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)日(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)度(du)(du)。冬(dong)至(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)日(ri)(ri)(ri)减日(ri)(ri)(ri)度(du)(du)各一(yi)(yi),雨水尽(jin)夏(xia)至(zhi)(zhi),日(ri)(ri)(ri)度(du)(du)七(qi)(qi);夏(xia)至(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)六(liu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)增一(yi)(yi)。大暑(shu)至(zhi)(zhi)立秋,还日(ri)(ri)(ri)度(du)(du)十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er);至(zhi)(zhi)寒(han)露(lu),日(ri)(ri)(ri)度(du)(du)二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er),后(hou)六(liu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)减一(yi)(yi)。自(zi)大雪尽(jin)冬(dong)至(zhi)(zhi),又(you)日(ri)(ri)(ri)度(du)(du)十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)而迟。日(ri)(ri)(ri)益(yi)疾五(wu)百(bai)二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)分,初(chu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)分二(er)(er)万三(san)千七(qi)(qi)百(bai)九(jiu)十(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)、篾(mie)三(san)十(shi)(shi)五(wu),行(xing)(xing)日(ri)(ri)(ri)为(wei)母,四十(shi)(shi)三(san)日(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)三(san)十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)度(du)(du)。
前加度(du)(du)(du)者,此(ci)依减之。留九(jiu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)乃逆,日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)退(tui)太半度(du)(du)(du),九(jiu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)退(tui)六(liu)度(du)(du)(du),而夕(xi)伏晨(chen)(chen)见。日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)退(tui)太半度(du)(du)(du),九(jiu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)退(tui)六(liu)度(du)(du)(du)。复留,九(jiu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)而行(xing),日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)益(yi)迟五(wu)(wu)百二(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)分(fen),初日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)分(fen)四万五(wu)(wu)千(qian)六(liu)百三十(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)、篾三十(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu),四十(shi)(shi)(shi)三日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)三十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)度(du)(du)(du)。芒(mang)种(zhong)至(zhi)小暑(shu),大雪至(zhi)立冬,十(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)减一(yi)度(du)(du)(du);小暑(shu)至(zhi)立冬,减二(er)(er)(er)(er)度(du)(du)(du)。又(you)十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)度(du)(du)(du)。冬至(zhi)后(hou),十(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)增日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)度(du)(du)(du)各一(yi)。惊蛰至(zhi)春分(fen),日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)度(du)(du)(du)十(shi)(shi)(shi)七,后(hou)十(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)减一(yi),尽夏(xia)至(zhi),还(hai)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)度(du)(du)(du)十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)。后(hou)六(liu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)减一(yi),至(zhi)白(bai)露(lu),日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)度(du)(du)(du)皆尽。霜降后(hou),五(wu)(wu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)增一(yi),尽冬至(zhi),又(you)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)度(du)(du)(du)十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)。乃疾,百七十(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)二(er)(er)(er)(er)百六(liu)度(du)(du)(du)。前减者,此(ci)亦加之,而晨(chen)(chen)伏。
水数,五百四(si)十万五千六。
晨伏半平,七十九(jiu)万九(jiu)十九(jiu)。
复日,百(bai)一十五(wu);余,四(si)万九百(bai)四(si)十六。
夕见伏,五十一日。
晨见伏,六十四日;余与复同。
见去日,十七度。
夕应见(jian),在立秋(qiu)后小(xiao)雪前者不见(jian);其白露前立夏后,时有见(jian)者。
晨应见(jian),在立春后小满前者(zhe)不见(jian);其惊蛰前立冬(dong)后,时有见(jian)者(zhe)。
夕见(jian)(jian),日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)太,十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。小暑至白(bai)露,行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)半(ban),十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)十(shi)(shi)(shi)八度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du),乃八日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)八度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。大(da)暑后,二(er)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)去度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)一(yi)(yi)(yi),讫(qi)(qi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),而(er)(er)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)俱尽。而(er)(er)迟(chi),日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)半(ban)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du),四(si)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)二(er)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。益迟(chi),日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)少半(ban)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du),三(san)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。前(qian)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)半(ban)者(zhe),去此(ci)益迟(chi)。乃留四(si)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)而(er)(er)夕伏晨见(jian)(jian),留四(si)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),为日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)少半(ban)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du),三(san)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。大(da)寒至惊蛰,无(wu)此(ci)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),更疾(ji),日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)半(ban)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du);四(si)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)二(er)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du);又八日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)八度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。亦(yi)大(da)寒后,二(er)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)去度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)一(yi)(yi)(yi);讫(qi)(qi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),亦(yi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)俱尽。益疾(ji),日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)太,十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。初无(wu)迟(chi)者(zhe),此(ci)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)半(ban),十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)十(shi)(shi)(shi)八度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)而(er)(er)晨伏。
推星平见术:
各(ge)以(yi)(yi)(yi)伏半减积(ji)半实,乃以(yi)(yi)(yi)其数去之(zhi);残返减数,满气日(ri)法为日(ri),不满为余(yu)(yu),即(ji)所(suo)求(qiu)年(nian)天正冬至后平(ping)见(jian)日(ri)余(yu)(yu)。金(jin)(jin)、水(shui)(shui)满晨(chen)(chen)见(jian)伏日(ri)者,去之(zhi),晨(chen)(chen)平(ping)见(jian)。求(qiu)平(ping)见(jian)月日(ri):以(yi)(yi)(yi)冬至去定朔日(ri)、余(yu)(yu),加(jia)其后日(ri)及余(yu)(yu),满复日(ri)又去,起天正月,依定大小(xiao)朔除之(zhi),不尽算外日(ri),即(ji)星(xing)见(jian)所(suo)在。求(qiu)后平(ping)见(jian),因前见(jian)去其岁一(yi)、再,皆以(yi)(yi)(yi)残日(ri)加(jia)之(zhi),亦可(ke)。其复日(ri),金(jin)(jin)水(shui)(shui)准以(yi)(yi)(yi)晨(chen)(chen)夕(xi)(xi)见(jian)伏日(ri),加(jia)晨(chen)(chen)得夕(xi)(xi),加(jia)夕(xi)(xi)得晨(chen)(chen)。
求常(chang)见日(ri):以转法(fa)除(chu)所(suo)得(de)加减者(zhe),为日(ri);其不(bu)满,以余通乘之,为余;并日(ri),皆加减平见日(ri)、余,即为常(chang)见日(ri)及余。
求定见日(ri):以其先(xian)后已通(tong)者,先(xian)减后加常见日(ri),即(ji)得(de)定见日(ri)余。
求星见所在度:
置星定(ding)见、其日(ri)夜半(ban)所在宿(su)度及(ji)分(fen),以(yi)其日(ri)先后余,分(fen)前加、分(fen)后减气(qi)(qi)日(ri)法(fa),而乘定(ding)见余,气(qi)(qi)日(ri)法(fa)而一所得加夜半(ban)度分(fen),乃(nai)以(yi)星初见去(qu)日(ri)度数,晨减夕加之,即星初见所在宿(su)度及(ji)分(fen)。
求次日:
各加一日所行度及分。其有益疾、迟者副置一日行分,各以其分疾增、迟损,乃加之。有篾者,满法从分,其母有不等,齐而进退之。留即因前,逆则依减入虚去分,逆出先加。皆以篾法除,为转分;其不尽者,仍谓之篾,各得每日所在知去日度。增以日所入先后分,定之。诸行星度求水其外内,准月行增损黄道而步之;不明者,依黄道而求所去日度。先后分亦分明前加后减。其金、火诸日度,计数增损定之者。其日少度多,以日减度之残者,与日多度少之度,皆度法乘之,日数而一,所得为分。不满篾,以日数为母。日少者以分并减之一度,日多者直为度分,即皆一日平行分。其差行者,皆减所行日数一,乃半其益疾、益迟分而乘之,益疾以减、益迟以加一日平行分,皆初日所行分。有计日加减,而日数不满未得成度者,以气日法若度法乘,见已所行日即日数除之,所得以增损其气日疾法,为日及度。其不成者,亦即为篾。其木、火、土,晨有见而夕有伏;金、水即夕见还夕伏,晨见即晨伏。然火之初行及后疾,距冬至日计日增损日度者,皆当先置从冬至日余数,累加于位上,以知其去冬至远近,乃以初见与后疾初日去冬至日数而增损定之,而后依其所直日度数行之也。
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